2.

Axial compensators : These shall be provided to accommodate changes in length of busbars

due to temperature variations
3. Parallel compensators: These shall be provided to accommodate large linear expansions
and angle tolerances.
4. Tolerance compensators: These shall be provided for taking up manufacturing, site
assembly and foundation tolerances.
5. Vibration compensators: These bellow compensators shall be provided for absorbing
vibrations caused by the transformers and shunt reactors when connected to SF6 switchgear
by oil- SF6 bushings.
6. The electrical connections across the bellows or compensating units shall be made by
means of suitable connectors.
5.1

Indication and Verification Of Switch Positions

Indicators shall be provided on all circuit breakers, isolators and earth-switches, which shall
clearly show whether the switches are open or closed. The indicators shall be mechanically
coupled directly to the main contact operating drive rod or linkages and shall be mounted in a
position where they are clearly visible from the floor or the platform in the vicinity of the
equipment. Windows shall also be provided with all isolators and earth switches so that the
switch contact positions can be verified by direct visual inspection.

5.2

Pressure Relief:Pressure relief devices shall be provided in the gas sections to protect the main gas enclosures
from damage or distortion during the occurrence of abnormal pressure increase or shock waves
generated by internal electrical fault arcs (preferably in downward direction). Pressure relief
shall be achieved either by means of diaphragms or plugs venting directly into the atmosphere
in a controlled direction. If the pressure relief devices vent directly into the atmosphere, suitable
guards and deflectors shall be provided. Contractor shall submit to the owner the detailed
criteria/ design regarding location of pressure relief Devices/Rupture Diaphragms.

5.3

Pressure Vessel Requirements

The enclosure shall be designed for the mechanical and thermal loads to which it is subjected in
service. The enclosure shall be manufactured and tested according to the pressure vessel code
(SME/CENELEC code for pressure Vessel.) Each enclosure has to be tested as a routine test at
1.5 time the design pressure for one minute. The bursting strength of Aluminium castings has to
be a at least 5 times the design pressure. A bursting pressure test shall be carried out at 5 times
the design pressure as a type test on each type of enclosure.
10

VOL-II/SEC-1 (A): Technical Details of GIS Substation