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PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN
SIJIL TINGGI PERSEKOLAHAN MALAYSIA
NEGERI PAHANG DARUL MAKMUR
2009

BIOLOGY
PAPER 2
Two and a half hours

Instruction to candidates:
DO NOT OPEN THIS QUESTION PAPER UNTIL YOU
ARE TOLD TO DO SO.
Answer all questions in Section A. Write your answers in the
spaces provided.
Answer any four questions in Section B. Write your answers
on your own answer sheets. Begin each answer on a fresh
sheet of paper. Answers should be illustrated by large and
clearly labelled diagrams wherever suitable.

For examiners use

1
2
3
4
5

Answers may be written in either English or Bahasa

Malaysia.
Arrange your answers in numerical order and tie the answer
sheets to this question paper

6
7
8
9
10

Total

This question paper consists of 11 printed pages

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2
Section A [ 40 marks ]
Answer all questions in this section.

1.

The diagram below shows the DNA replication fork during DNA replication

(a)

When does the replication occur in a cell cycle?

[1 mark]

(b)

Name enzymes C and D involved in replication and state their function.

[4 marks]

C : ..
Function : .

D : .
Function : .

(c)

Based on the diagram, there are two newly synthesized strands, strand X and Y
(i)

Name both strands and state the way they are synthesized.

[2 marks]

X: ..
Y:

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(d)

State why DNA replication is said to be semi-conservative.

[1 mark]

..
..
(e)

Explain why strand X is synthesized as fragments

[2 marks]

..

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2.

The diagram below shows changes in the membrane potential of a neurone during the production of an action potential

(a)

Label phases A,B,C and the period labelled D as shown in the diagram.

[4 marks]

A : ..
B : .
C : .
D : .

(b)

Describe how A is maintained

[2 marks]

..

(c)

Distinguish between B and C

[2 marks]

..

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.
(d)

Why is the potential of D less than A?

[1 mark]

..
..
(e)

State the importance of D

[1 mark]

.
.

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3. Graphs S and T show the measurements of growth of a same plant, Zea mays.

(a)

Name the type of curve illustrated by graphs S and T.

[2 marks]

S:
T:
(b)

Explain what graphs S and T represent.

[2 marks]

S: ..
T: ..
(c)

Based on its lifespan, what type of plant is Zea mays known as?

[1 mark]

..

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(d)

(i)

Describe the growth pattern in Zea mays

[2 marks]

..
.
(ii)

Explain how this type of growth pattern differs from that of woody plants
[3 marks]

..
..
.

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4.

The figure below shows a summary of a procedure designed to clone genes

Foreign DNA

Isolated plasmid

restriction

Recombinant DNA

II

Bacterial cell

III

SCREENING

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(a)

What is meant by recombinant DNA?

[1 mark]

.
(b)

State briefly what happens at step I, II and III

[3 marks]

I :
II:
III: .. r
(c)

Why are the plasmid and foreign gene cut by using the same restriction enzyme?
[1 mark]

(d)

State two ways in which bacteria can be screened for the presence of recombinant
plasmids
[ 2 marks]

..
..
..
(e) (i) State two benefits of insulin produced by genetic engineering

[2 marks]

..
..
.
(ii) Unlike insulin, blood cannot be produced by genetic engineering.
Explain why ?

[1 mark]

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10

Section B [60 marks]

Answer any four questions in this section.

5. (a) With reference to cellulose, explain briefly the term polymerization.

State briefly the differences between the formation of polysaccharides and polypeptides
[7 marks]
(b) Describe the mechanism of action of an enzyme based on the induced fit model
[8 marks]
.
6. (a) State briefly the differences between anaerobic respiration that occur in plants and animals.
[6 marks]
(b) NAD and NADP are important molecules in plant cells. Describe in detail, the role of
these molecules within a palisade mesophyll cell .
[9 marks]
7. (a) Drugs affect the nervous system by altering the mechanism of synaptic transmission.
By using a suitable example, describe the effects of a stimulant drug on the nervous
system.
[6 marks]
(b) AIDS is an immunodeficiency disease caused by an RNA virus.
Describe how the virus replicates in the host cell .
[9 marks]
8. (a) Explain why no flowering response is shown by some plants that grow near highways.
[5 marks]
(b) Explain the changes that occur during the onset of labour in humans.
[10marks]
9. (a) With reference to an example, explain what is meant by the following genetic terms
(i)
multiple alleles
(ii)
polygenic inheritance
[6 marks]
(b) In sweet corn plants, the alleles for red and smooth seed are dominant over the alleles for
white and wrinkled seeds. Sweet corn plants with red and smooth seeds were crossed with
plants with white and wrinkled seeds. A test cross was done using the F1 progeny and the
results are as follows:
Red, smooth
348
White. wrinkled
335
Red, wrinkled
40
White, smooth
39
By using suitable symbols, draw a genetic cross diagram to explain the results.
[9 marks]

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11

10. (a) Explain why proper management and conservation of ecosystems are needed.
[5 marks]
(b) (i) Define sustainable development

[2 marks]

(ii) Explain the benefits of sustainable development techniques used in the management of
forests.
[8 marks]

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