INDEX

absolute space, 38
accountability, 24, 84
accounting practices, 90, 98
environmental accounting, 18, 20, 66,
139
population accounting, 834
Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, 34
affluence, 92, 94, 99, 102, 122, 127
Africa, 35, 37, 149, 152
Agenda 21, 138
Age of Reconnaissance, 37
agricultural chemistry, 86
agriculture, 86, 97, 111, 119
algae, 102, 116, 119, 122
Chlorella, 119
Allen, John, 109
Alling, Abigail, 112
America, 37, 412, 46, 64, 99, 115
American Airlines, 27
American Frontier seeAmerican West
American West, 5, 412, 45
Anders, William, 59
Anthropocene, 142
apocalypse, 65, 94
Apollo, 10, 29, 47, 589, 76, 89, 102, 108,
11314, 117, 127, 136, 146
archive, 31, 39, 121, 133, 140
Arctic Ocean, 140
Arizona, 106
Arizona desert, 24
ark, 22, 29, 312, 34, 116, 123, 128, 135, 142
glass, 122
interstellar, 116
modern, 107
seed, 1401
Aronnax, Pierre, 40

Asia, 36
astronaut, 6, 47, 70, 101, 117
astronomy, 38
Atlantic Ocean, 401
Atlantis, 40
atmosphere, 5, 44, 55, 62, 114, 126, 140
atomic bomb, 65, 134
AT&T, 6
Augustine, Margret, 112
autarky, 31
authority, 31

Copyright
Bacon, Francis, 70
Baez, Joan, 27, 65
balance, 934, 101
Barnes, Julian, 35
Bass, Edward Perry, 109
Beck, Ulrich, 144
behaviour modes, 73, 91
Berlin Wall, 142
Bernal, John Desmond, 118, 125
Bible, 60, 63
biochemistry, 118
Biological Growth Curve, 80
biological law of population growth, 85, 99
biology, 20, 86, 89, 94, 118
biome, 111, 122
biophysics, 118
biopolitics, 18
BIOS, 119
biosphere, 55, 57, 668, 701, 76, 106, 115,
118, 120, 140
atmosphere, 55
hydrosphere, 55
lithosphere, 55
reserve, 23
technology, 22

225

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Biosphere 1, 24, 120, 1278, 1345

Biosphere 2, 24, 10621, 1239, 134, 137
Biosphere Conference, 67
biospherian, 127
birth control, 73, 89, 95, 148
birth rate, 93, 95
Blue Dot, 60
Blue Planet, 58, 146
blueprint, 18, 55, 70, 119
border, 41, 14950
Borman, Frank, 59
botany, 38
Boulding, Kenneth E., 17, 65, 93, 108, 133,
146
boundary, 4, 30, 43, 57, 73
Boyle, T. C., 141
Brand, Stewart, 58, 129
broadcasting, 7
Brower, David, 81
Brown, Lester, 85
Brundtland, Gro Harlem, 145
Brundtland Report, 145
Brunhes, Jean, 5
Buckminster Fuller, Richard, 17, 73, 75, 109,
117, 122, 135
Bush, George Herbert Walker, 89, 117
Buzzati-Traverso, Adriano, 66

closed earth, 83
closure, 3, 723, 112, 11617, 124, 128, 134
Club of Rome, 133, 145
Cold War, 23, 68, 14, 21, 32, 45, 58, 62,
73, 142
collection, 31
collective, 16, 36, 42, 46, 49, 65, 69, 82, 85,
89, 99, 103, 134, 136, 143, 150
collective memory, 29
Collins, Michael, 47
colonial expansion, 36
colony, 108, 117, 1256, 129
Columbus, 367, 47
Commoner, Barry, 58
common good, 8
common heritage, 145
common resources, 8
commons, 98
global, 118, 126
tragedy of, 98
commune, 133
communications satellite, 6
community, 5, 17, 301, 33, 42, 61, 89, 96,
117, 122, 1256, 128, 1323, 144
global, 3
global, 7, 83
international, 68, 145
international, 98
international community, 17
self-sufficient, 116
survivor community, 63, 65
world, 19, 91
computer model, 71
Comte, Auguste, 84
Conrad, Joseph, 32
conservation, 1213, 21, 23, 58, 678, 124,
141
container, 5, 40, 56, 107, 146
containment, 212, 29, 116
Cook, James, 37
Copernican Revolution, 10, 59
cosmos, 47, 134
Costanza, Robert, 139
counterculture, 50, 58, 184
creation myth, 41
crew, 10, 334, 589, 61, 116, 1245, 128,
146

Copyright
cabin environment, 138
capacity, 5, 21, 91, 93, 100, 111, 142, 1456
capital, 39, 82, 91, 103, 109, 139, 141, 147,
1501
natural, 139
capital stabilization, 73
Cargoists, 11, 16
carrying capacity, 834, 979, 1013, 106,
109, 139, 145
Carson, Rachel, 70
Carter, Jimmy, 133
castaway, 32, 634
Children of Men, 151
China, 37, 63, 148
Chlorella, 102, 119
circulation, 19, 83, 105, 107, 121, 126, 144
civilization, 367, 41, 634, 102, 116, 1334
class, 60
classification, 19, 23, 35, 70, 83, 99100,
1067

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Index

227

crisis, 2, 1011, 1516, 58, 62, 67, 83, 100, economics, 17, 20, 71, 89, 93
149
economy
Cuban Missile Crisis, 46
cowboy economy, 17, 66
cybernetics, 17, 20, 54, 734
New Economy, 21, 142
cybernetic system, 105, 120
spaceman economy, 17, 66
cyborg, 18
steady-state economy, 75
ecosphere, 119
Daily, Gretchen, 139
ecosystem, 5, 13, 234, 545, 68, 71, 76, 94,
Darth Vader, 47
111, 116, 11920, 1234, 126, 134
Darwin, Charles, 38, 56, 84
ecosystem services, 139
Dasmann, Raymond F., 66
ecosystems management,See ecosystems scideath, 345, 90, 93, 96, 116, 1278, 1314,
ence
14950
ecosystems science, 22, 546, 71, 76, 102,
death rate, 87, 934
106
Death Ship, 34
Eden, 43, 140
demographic transition, 11
efficiency, 3, 5, 16, 18, 24, 106, 119, 122, 146,
demography, 19, 83, 85, 89
150
Dempster, Bill, 126
effluence, 94
desert, 76, 106, 111, 122
Ehrlich, Paul R., 4, 13, 18, 70, 76, 81, 93, 95,
destiny, 5, 61
102
development, 5, 8, 11, 13, 213, 36, 45, 55, Eigen, Manfred, 118
68, 725, 801, 834, 889, 912, 94, Ellis Island, 36
97, 108, 111, 113, 145
empire, 3940, 42
diversity, 11, 13, 21, 29, 64, 678, 117, 145
enclosure, 31, 110
DNA, 81, 119
endosphere, 126
dome, 105, 110, 128, 135
England, 32
glass, 24, 27, 1078, 111, 121, 128
Enlightenment, 30, 512
domed city, 105, 128
entomology, 86, 94
doom, 22, 2930, 62, 90, 134, 145
entropy, 94, 118
Dubos, Ren, 68
envelope, 567, 62, 68
dystopia, 79
environment
global, 5, 13, 118
Earth, 23, 25
human, 14, 75, 93, 133
Earth Day, 58
environmental
earth system, 139
contamination, 12
earth system analysis, 51
decade, 4
earth systems sciences, 138
degradation, 28, 80, 83, 134, 1501
Earth Week, 58
disaster, 151
earthcraft, 140
movement, 3, 6, 11, 27, 58, 70
ecocide, 135
pollution, 2, 6, 28, 54, 95
ecological balance, 21, 61, 67, 83, 98, 103,
Environmental Age, 12, 14, 16, 21, 25, 28, 47,
1056, 119, 124
49, 545, 812, 107, 109, 136, 13940
ecological crisis, 69
environmentalism, 11, 20, 25, 54
ecological economics, 20, 93
environmental problems, 1516, 49, 67, 102,
ecological footprint, 139
139, 145
ecological modernization, 146
Environmental Revolution, 2
ecology, 5, 1720, 22, 25, 29, 67, 70, 823,
equilibrium, 73, 75, 901, 94, 105, 121, 124,
86, 94, 103, 120, 123, 127, 129, 1336
127

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Espace seeRenault Espace

Gabel, Medard, 73
ethics
Gagarin, Yuri, 6
lifeboat, 100
Gaia, 118, 137
eugenics, 87, 99
hypothesis, 137
Europe, 31, 347, 412, 99, 148
Gaia theory, 120
European Miracle, 368, 44
Galton, Francis, 87
euthanasia, 96, 101
garden, 107
exobiology, 119
Gelehrtenrepublik, 31
expedition, 22, 98, 117
gender, 33, 37, 534, 5960, 98
Experimental Prototype Community of Genesis, 31, 43, 60, 63
Tomorrow (EPCOT), 135
Geneva, 17, 88
extinction, 21
genocide, genocidal logic, 63
geoclimate, 21
feedback
geography, 19, 379, 143
automatic feedback system, 106, 120
geopolitics, 134
environmental, 80
geospace, 21
fertility, 87, 89, 149
Gilgamesh, 30
fitness, 83, 100
Glenn, John, 6, 46
Flammarion, Camille, 52
global capitalism, 150
Fletcher, James C., 114
global climate change, 135, 137, 141
Florida, 122, 135
global commons, 3, 8
Folsome, Clair E., 119
global consciousness, 8
food supply, 35, 72, 81, 87
global development, 2
forecasting, 734
global governance, 145
Forrester, Jay, 71, 85, 91
globality, 3, 89, 65, 142
Forster, Georg, 38
globalization, 3, 8, 21, 36, 38, 40, 76, 142,
Fortress Europe, 150
146, 151
Foucault, Michel, 3, 1819, 29, 49, 83, 97, global limits, 5, 20
106
Global Positioning System (GPS), 140
Fourcault, Michel, 134
Google, 136
fragility, 3, 17, 22, 279, 58, 146
Earth, 137
France, 37
Mars, 137
free land, 41, 45
Moon, 136
French Riddle, 85
Gore, Al, 137
Friends of the Earth, 58
governance, 12, 149
frontier, 36, 413, 456, 68, 107, 114, 128,
ecological, 129
137
environmental, 68, 75
as borderline, 41
social-environmental, 144
community, 108
Great Britain, 37, 1501
missions, 60
Great Frontier, 43
mythology, 22, 29
greenhouse effect, 80
rhetoric, 46
green zones, 141
Full Earth, 58
Naomi Klein, 141
future
growth
generations, 140, 145
economic, 11, 58, 146
scenarios, 73, 91
exponential, 801, 85, 115
studies, futurology, 11, 146
industrial, 72, 79
law, 23, 834, 102

Copyright

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Index
logistic, 88, 90
self-limiting, 23, 83
habitability, 114
habitat, 3, 5, 14, 46, 54, 57, 97, 107, 111, 125
Hardin, Garrett, 98, 107
Harriman, Richard, 18, 76
Harrison, Harry, 80
Hawes, Philip, 210
Hawking, Stephen, 135
heat death, 94
Hemingway, Ernest, 34
heterotopia, 31, 108, 128
hierarchy, 20, 31, 33
Holdren, John, 4
homeostasis, 73, 90, 134
Houston, Texas
see also Rice Stadium, 46
hubris, 30, 65, 126
human ecology, 5, 1820, 22, 89, 989, 103
human environment, 14
Humboldt, Alexander von, 38, 40, 72
Humboldtian Science, 40
Hutchinson, G. Evelyn, 55

229

Judgement Day
see also apocalyspe, 65
Kennedy, John F., 113, 133, 137
Korean War, 63, 93
Krasnoyarsk, 119
Kuhns, William, 108
kybernetes, 75
l, 138
Lamarck, Jean-Baptiste, 56
landscape, 43, 59
Last Poets
Whitey on the Moon, 59
Law of Replacement, 86
Law of the Minimum, 86, 97
see also Liebig, Justus von, 122
Leigh, Linda, 112
Liebig, Justus von, 86
life support, 107
life support system, 24, 54, 767, 112, 118,
138
lifeboat, 223, 63, 96, 100, 107, 136
lifeboat ethics, 35, 100
limitedness, 5, 17, 28, 61, 67
limits to growth, 45, 82, 93
Linn, Carl von, 70
living laboratory, 24
living space, 5, 125
Logans Run, 105, 1289
London, 151
Lovell, James, 59
Lovelock, James, 10, 119, 137

Copyright

immortality, 30, 127, 133, 149

impact formula seeIPAT formula
imperialism, 4, 8, 389, 45
India, 34, 37, 148
industrialization, 4, 10, 79
infrastructure, 24, 82, 92, 121, 141, 150
Institute of Biophysics, 119
Institute of Ecotechnics, 109
interdependence, 3, 6, 17, 601, 72, 89
interdiscipline, 73
International Geophysical Year (IGY), 45
International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP), 138
inventory, 3, 31, 64, 66, 107, 127, 133, 139
IPAT formula, 102
Iron Curtain, 45
island, 141
James, P. D.
The Children of Men, 149
Jamestown, 41
Japan, 148
Johnson, Lyndon B., 94

Spaceship Earth in the Environmental Age.indd 229

MacLeish, Archibald, 59
McLuhan, Marshall, 69
Magnetic Crusade, 38
maintenance, 3, 18, 21, 70, 116, 126, 144
Malthus, Thomas Robert, 81, 84, 102
Malthusian checks, 86
Malthusian predicament, 81, 87
Malthusianism, 133
Man and the Biosphere (MAB), 67
Manhattan, 109
Manifest Destiny, 22, 41, 43
Margulis, Lynn, 119, 125
Mars, 11215, 117, 122, 1256, 129, 137
Martel, Yann, 34

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Maury, Matthew F., 40

maximum yield, 122
Melville, Herman, 33
mesocosm, 111, 1212
mesoscale, 121, 125
metabolism, 17, 19, 23, 567, 76, 102, 107,
124
metropolis, 96
Mexico, 150
microscale, 122
migration, 41, 150
miniature earth, 24
miniaturization, 116
Mir, 115
Mission One, 112, 124
Mitsch, William, 126
Moby Dick, 33
Mode 2, 143
modernity, 15, 38, 79, 1434
Monod, Jacques, 118
moon
landing, 47, 58, 136
Moore, Hugh, 93
mortality, 80, 87, 133
Moscow, 56, 119
Moses, 64
myth of origin, 46
mythology, 3, 16, 22, 29, 37, 49, 108, 141

nuclear holocaust, 65
nuclear strike, 645
nuclear war, 7, 31, 65
nuclear winter, 134
ocean, 122, 126
oceanography, 38, 40
ocean plankton, 80
Odum, Eugene P., 70, 120, 127
Odum, Howard T., 70, 76, 120, 127
Odyssey, 30
offspring, 24, 106, 1334, 149
oil price shock, 11, 113
Old Man and the Sea, 34
Old Testament, 31, 43, 98
Old World, 42
One Boat concept, 89
operating manual, 117
operations research, 94
operator, 70, 72, 137
Osborn, Fairfield, 44
Osborn, Fairfield , 90
overpopulation, 23, 28, 82, 88, 96, 99102,
105, 126, 133, 150

Copyright

Pacific, 31, 34, 41, 122

Paddock, Paul, 99
Paddock, William, 99
paradise, 22, 27, 29, 37, 127, 132, 141
passage, 31
NASA, 112, 115, 134
Pearce, Peter, 110
nation, 60
nature, 5, 1215, 1718, 20, 224, 278, Pearl, Raymond, 868, 119
302, 35, 401, 49, 545, 58, 62, 65, Pearson, Karl, 87
6872, 76, 81, 867, 103, 1069, 121 performance, 55, 92, 103, 150
Philadelphia, 42
2, 1269, 13741, 143, 145, 151
physics, 20, 39, 41, 72, 94
domination of, 79
Pilgrim Fathers, 47
reserve, 129
planet, 1819, 234, 45, 54, 56, 83, 116, 121,
second, 109
127, 1378, 140
Nelson, Mark, 109, 126
planetary machinery, 66
Netherlands, 37
planetary management, 21, 62, 70
New Global History, 19
Plato, 75
New World, 36, 42
Platos ship, 30
New York, 128
pollution, 4, 11, 668, 73, 89, 105, 126, 131,
New York City, 89, 79, 96, 101, 109
137
Nixon, Richard, 11314
population, 23, 41, 70, 72, 804, 87, 89, 91,
Noah, 345, 636, 123
96, 103, 106, 125
North America, 41
and
forced sterilization, 95
Northwest Passage, 38

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Index
control, 84, 92, 97, 1012, 105
crisis, 83
decline, 124, 149
development, 12, 88, 97
ecology, 29, 89, 92, 103
ethics, 98
growth, 4, 6, 18, 23, 54, 813, 85, 87,
8991, 934, 97, 124, 131
maximum, 97
optimum, 98, 100
policies, 95
politics, 95
problem, 88, 90, 95, 98
surplus, 94, 97, 99
world, 23
worldwide, 2
zero growth, 93
population biology, 83, 94
population cycle, 99
population dynamics, 84
population growth,
population growth curve, 88
population saturation, 85
population statistics, 84, 89
Portugal, 37
post-normal science, 143
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact
Research (PIK), 51
Poynter, Jane, 127
prison, 35, 131, 152
progress, 6, 9, 16, 278, 378, 51, 723, 97,
1456
Prometheans, 11
Promised Land, 36
providence, 30, 41, 144

231

religion, 47, 60
Renaissance, 37, 513
Renault Espace, 24, 140
replacement, 106, 108
reproduction, 66, 88, 934, 118, 124, 132
reserve, 24, 32, 35, 49, 108, 1289
resource
depletion, 2, 6, 11, 18
efficiency, 146
exploitation, 54, 131, 135
scarcity, 18, 27, 62
resources, 70
restoration, 136
revolution
Chinese Cultural Revolution, 63
Copernican Revolution, 51, 53
Scientific Revolution, 38, 51, 53
Rice Stadium, 46
Rio de Janeiro, 138
risk, 10, 62, 139, 1445
risk society, 144
Robinson Crusoe, 64, 141
rocketry, 65
Roosevelt, Franklin D., 65
Russia, 37, 115, 119

Copyright

Qutelet, Adolphe, 84
race, 60
radio, 7, 64
Reagan, Ronald, 112, 115, 133, 142
recycling, 101
redemption, 41
Red Planet, 137
Reed, Lowell J., 87
refuge, 30, 326, 128, 131, 152
regenerative functions, 75
regulation, 17, 22, 55, 734, 90, 95, 1201

Spaceship Earth in the Environmental Age.indd 231

Sagan, Dorion, 125

sailor, 34
salvation, 22, 28, 301, 106
Salyut, 115
sanctuary, 32, 108, 128, 133, 151
satellite, 45, 58, 70, 137
exposures, 10
surveys, 140
technology, 7
savannah, 111, 122, 126
Sax, Karl, 85, 92
scarcity, 80, 98, 131
Schrdinger, Erwin, 118
Schumacher, Ernst F., 146
Schweickart, Russell, 117
science fiction, 21, 27, 43, 47, 63, 80, 98, 102,
111, 117, 126, 132, 141
Science Wars, 143
seafaring, 30, 323, 43, 46
Second Gulf War (19901), 140
second millennium, 28
second nature, 1257, 137

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security, 356, 612, 67, 141, 153

national, 150
security debates, 150
selection, 21, 24, 29, 31, 35, 83, 94, 99100,
106, 124
self-adjusting machine, 17
settler societies, 24
sex, 124, 152
Shepelev, Yevgeny, 119
ship, 18, 223, 289, 323, 367, 40, 43, 46,
49, 106, 122, 126, 152
archetypal, 31
as a heterosocial space, 33
as place without a place, 152
as symbol of survival, 96
as vehicle of death, 150
Earth as a good, 97
imagined as female, 33
primal, 31
ship, as symbol of seclusion, 30
shipwreck, 30, 32, 34, 63
shrinking globe, 8, 21
Siberia, 119
Sierra Club, 81
Silent Running, 132
Silent Running, 27, 101, 128
Sim-Bio 2, 137
SimEarth, 137
Skylab, 11415
smog, 7980
solidarity, 33, 152
Sonoran Desert, 109
South East Asia, 63
Soviet Union, 115
Soylent Green, 79, 101, 132
Soyuz, 117
space, 3, 2930, 33, 378, 40, 423, 457,
49, 51, 54, 57, 61, 65, 701, 122, 135
absolute, 38
access to outer, 45
and time, 152
biospheric, 54, 68
Cartesian, 38
closed, 56
colonization of, 108
colony, 24, 112
crowded, 41
deep, 6, 27

earthly, 40, 71
endangered, 33
enterprise, 115
Euclidian space, 4
exclusive, 140
exploration, 67, 45, 113, 115, 1245,
138
finite, 6
flight, 3, 17, 20, 22, 5860, 62, 656, 113,
119, 1336
Foucaults concept of, 34
frontier, 113, 115
global, 5, 25, 39
habitation in, 112
interior, 31, 73
laboratory, 111
limited, 122
living, 12, 5, 1820, 54, 57, 67, 76,
823, 111, 118, 140
narrative, 61
open, 41
outer space, 2, 27, 44, 46, 589, 98, 115
politics, 20, 108
programme, 46, 59, 112
science, 75, 114
settlement, 115, 117
shuttle, 113
sociotechnical, 136
station, 113, 115, 11718, 1245
survival, 110
technology, 18
travel, 8, 76, 11213, 116
voyage, 612
Space Age, 3, 6, 17, 25, 28, 55, 61, 117
Space Biospheres Ventures (SBV), 109
Space Race, 58
space rocket programme (US), 17
Space Window see Washington National
Cathedral, 47
spacecraft, 289, 756, 114, 11617, 125
spaceship, 1618, 202, 24, 289, 32, 40, 43,
467, 49, 602, 667, 70, 73, 75, 823,
1068, 112, 117, 125, 128, 1357,
1412, 152
Spaceship Earth, 23, 5, 16, 1822, 25, 28,
32, 4950, 61, 66, 6970, 757, 82, 93,
100, 1079, 118, 120, 133, 135, 137,
140, 142, 144

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Index
Spain, 367
spatiality, 3
species, 11, 13, 24, 35, 38, 66, 86, 95, 97, 103,
107, 123, 126, 1345, 141
specimen, 123
sphere, 8, 234, 52, 546, 66, 118, 120, 125
Spitsbergen, 140
Sputnik, 45, 133
stability, 32, 105, 124, 144
Star Trek, 43
starship, 43
state of exception, 129
statistics, 39, 81, 84, 87, 89
sterilization, 956
Stevenson, Adlai E., 17
stewardship, 1314, 689, 145
Stockholm, 2, 11, 13, 23, 68, 89
storage, 19, 24, 76, 83, 98, 107, 150
submarine, 31, 62
subsistence, 92, 132
substitution, 24, 108, 125
Sue, Eduard, 23, 55, 57, 120
sun, 55, 76, 115, 134
surplus, 97, 1012, 106
survival, 11, 212, 28, 31, 345, 46, 623,
66, 68, 70, 86, 96, 100, 108, 127, 1323,
135, 138
Survivalists, 16
survivor community, 45, 61, 123
survivorship curve, 101
sustainability, 3, 21, 24, 69, 139
sustainable development, 144, 146
sustenance, 21
Svalbard Global Seed Vault, 140
Synergetic Architecture and Biotechnic
Designs (SARBID), 109
System Earth, 70
systems analysis, 89, 94
systems ecology, 5, 92
systems integrity, 106

233

teleology, 12, 135

television, 1, 7, 45, 58, 64
Telstar, 6
territory, 45, 22, 29, 389, 43, 45, 52, 114
Thatcher, Margaret, 142
thermodynamics, 94
first law of, 94
Titanic, 30
Total Recall, 126, 129
triage, 100
Tucson, Arizona, 109
Turner, Frederick Jackson, 41, 114
Twain, Mark, 34
Ulysses, 30
uncertainty, 61, 1434
UNESCO, 667, 138
Unisphere, 610, 21
United Nations Environmental Programme
(UNEP), 67
United Nations Fund for Population Activities (UNFPA), 89
United States, 89, 20, 22, 34, 42, 5860, 64,
93, 99, 109, 11314, 116
universality, 78, 37, 90, 92
universe, 2, 16, 28, 30, 47, 512, 545, 59,
1078, 136, 141
US Army, 63
US Census Office, 41
US space programme, 112
USSR, 45

Copyright
Vanguard, 45
Verhulst, Pierre-Franois, 87
Vernadsky, Vladimir I, 23, 567
Verne, Jules, 30, 114
Vietnam War, 10, 59, 63, 113
Virginia, 41
voyage, 22, 289, 31, 345, 38, 602, 116

WALL-E, 141
Walt Disney World, 135
technology, 3, 5, 7, 9, 1112, 1618, 20, 28,
war, 131, 135, 137, 140, 151
30, 323, 40, 457, 55, 58, 602, 70,
Ward, Barbara, 17, 28, 60, 68
82, 97, 1067, 1212, 125, 1313, 137,
Warshall, Peter, 126
142, 145
Washington, DC, 47, 65
technonature, 137
Washington, George, 42
technoscience, 15, 18, 49, 63, 134, 136
Washington National Cathedral, 478
technosphere, 111, 121, 125

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Spaceship Earth in the Environmental Age, 19601990

waste, 11, 67, 79, 101, 114, 116, 135, 138

wastelands, 79
Watergate, 113
Water of Death, 30
wealth, 8, 17, 61, 68, 79, 1001, 103, 134,
150
Webb, Walter Prescott
The Great Frontier, 36
West, 41, 46, 61, 81, 100, 1489
Western culture, 5, 22
Western Europe, 36, 38
Whole Earth, 701, 135, 137
Whole Earth Catalog, 58, 129
Wiener, Norbert, 74
wilderness, 14, 41, 64, 111, 122, 128

wildlife, 35
world frontier, 36
World Game Institute, 73
World Model, 71
world population, 812, 88, 901, 95, 148
Worlds Fair, 67, 109
Worlds Fair of 8, 19645
World War I, 5, 8, 878
World War II, 3, 56, 89, 12, 17, 34, 65, 93,
120
World Watch Institute, 85
World Wildlife Fund (WWF), 58
Zardoz, 131
ZPG Zero Population Growth, 95

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Spaceship Earth in the Environmental Age.indd 234

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