MARKS = 100

PENETRANT TESTING
1.

2.

Which one of the following conditions will affect the rate and the extent a liquid penetrant will
enter cracks, fissures and other small openings?
the hardness of the specimen being tested
the surface condition of the specimen being tested
the color of the penetrant
the conductivity of the specimen being tested.
Which of the following is a commonly used classification for penetrant?
Post-emulsifiable penetrant
Non ferrous penetrant
Chemical etch penetrant
Non-aqueous penetrant

3.

A generally accepted method for removing excess non-water-washable penetrant is

Repeatedly dipping the test specimen in a cleaner
Soaking the test specimen in hot detergent water
Blowing the excess penetrant off the surface of the part with compressed air.
Wiping and cautiously cleaning the test specimen with a cleaner-dampened cloth.

4.

Which of the following parts could not be tested by the liquid penetrant methods?
An iron casting
An aluminum forging
A part made from a porous material
A part made from a non porous material

5.

Which of the following discontinuities can be found by the penetrant test method?
A surface crack
A subsurface crack
An internal inclusion
None of the above

6.

Which of the following is generally the more acceptable method for cleaning parts prior to
penetrant testing?
Sand blasting
Wire brushing
Grinding
Vapor degreasing

7.

Which of the following is not a generally accepted method for cleaning parts prior to penetrant
testing?
Vapor degreasing
Liquid solvent
Wire brushing
Alkaline cleaner

8.

Cutting oils may be effectively removed from parts before penetrant testing by:
Pre-heating
Vapor degreasing
Washing with water

All of the above

9.

The most common type of contaminant in fluorescent penetrant fluid is:

Metal filling
Oil
Detergents (from cleaning)
Water

10.

Black light with a proper functioning filter in place used for fluorescent penetrant inspection can
cause permanent damage to?
Human tissues
Human eyes
Human blood cells
None of the above

11.

Which of the following is not a basic inspection principle that applies to all penetrant methods?
The penetrant must enter the discontinuity in order to form an indication
Indications glow when illuminated with a black light
A longer penetration time is required for smaller discontinuities
If the penetrant is washed out the discontinuity, an indication will not be formed by that
discontinuity

12.

Subsurface discontinuity can be best detected by:

The post-emulsification penetrant method
The visible dye penetrant method
The fluorescent, water washable penetrant method
Non of the above will detect subsurface discontinuity

13.

Visible penetrant may be applied by:

1. brushing
2. spraying
3. dipping
4. all of the above

14.

The first step in conducting a liquid penetrant test on a surface that has been painted is to:
1. carefully apply the penetrant over the surface
2. completely remove the paint
3. thoroughly wash the surface with a detergent
4. wire brush the surface to roughen the smooth surface coating of paint

15.

When using a post emulsification penetrant, it is necessary to apply the emulsifier

1. before applying the penetrant
2. after the water wash operation
3. after the dwell time has elapsed
4. after the development time has elapsed

16.

When conducting a water-washable liquid penetrant test, the wet developer is applied
1. immediately after the penetrant has been applied
2. immediately before the penetrant is applied
3. after removal of the penetrant
4. after development time has been elapsed

17.

the term used to describe the action of a particular developer in soaking up the penetrant in a
discontinuity so as to cause the maximum bleed out of the liquid penetrant for increased contrast
and sensitivity, is known as:
1. blotting
2. capillary action
3. concentration
4. attraction

18.

A black light lamp should not be used with a cracked filter or without the filter in place cecause of
the harmful effects to the human eyes caused by the lamps emission of:
1. black light
2. ultraviolet light
3. infrared light
4. none of the above

19.

The term used to define the period of time in which the test part is covered with penetrant is
1. Waiting time
2. Soak time (drain time)
3. penetration time (dwell time)
4. bleed in time

20.

Usually the most desirable method of removing excess water-washable penetrant after the dwell
time is by:
1. a low pressure coarse water spray
2. water and brush
3. a solid stream of water
4. water and clean rags

21.

When conducting a liquid penetrant test using a post-emulsifiable visible dye penetrant, the
generally accepted method for applying the wet developer is by:
Brushing
Swabbing
Dipping
Spraying

22.

Which of the following is not a characteristic that applies to liquid penetrant testing?
This method can accurately measure the depth of a crack or discontinuity.
This method can be used for on site testing of large parts
This method can be used to find shallow surface discontinuities.
This method can be made more or less sensitive by using different penetrant materials?

23.

Which of the following discontinuities is most likely to be missed due to improper rinse
techniques?
Forging lap
Deep pitting
Shallow and broad discontinuities
The rinse technique will not affect the detection of discontinuities.

24.

When conducting a fluorescent penetrant test, a commonly used technique for assuring that the
excess penetrant has been removed prior to the application of a developer is to.
Blow compressed air over the surface
Chemically etch the surface
Blot the surface with absorbent paper
Scan the surface with a black light

25.

Which of the following surface conditions could have a detrimental effect on a liquid penetrant
test?
A wet surface
A rough weld
An oily surface
All of the above could have a detrimental effects.

26.

Liquid penetrant testing is capable of detecting

Intergranular discontinuities
Discontinuities open to the surface
Subsurface discontinuities
All of the above

27.

Black light equipment is required when penetrant testing by:

Fluorescent penetrant method.
Visible dye penetrant method
Non-fluorescent penetrant method
All of the above

28.

The term used to define the tendency of certain liquids to penetrate in to small openings such as
cracks or fissures is:
Saturation
Capillary action
Blotting
Wetting agent

29.

Excess penetrant (all penetrant except that which is in discontinuities) is removed from the
specimen:
After the required penetrant dwell time has elapsed.
Before the application of an emulsifier if post emulsifier penetrant is used.
By means of steam cleaner
Only when water washable penetrant are used

30.

When using a post-emulsifiable penetrant, the emulsifier time should be:

As long as the penetrant dwell time
On half the penetrant dwell time
The same as the developer time
Only as long as necessary to effect removal of interfering background.

31.

When as inspector is working in a darkened area, he should become adjusted to the dark before
inspection the generally accepted time period for becoming accustomed to the dark is:
One minute
Five to ten minutes
Ten to fifteen minutes
No waiting period is necessary

32.

When applying penetrant by dipping, heating the penetrant prior to dipping:

Will increase the sensitivity of the test
Will increase the capillary action of the penetrant
Will increase the stability of the penetrant

Is not generally recommended.

33.

A penetrant inspection cannot find:

Surface porosity
Surface cracks
An internal cavity
A surface forging lap

34.

Which of the following materials cannot be tested by the usual liquid penetrant tests?
Unglazed porous ceramic
Titanium
High alloy steel
Cast iron

35.

Liquid penetrant testing can be used to detect

Discontinuities 1/16 below the surface
Internal discontinuities
Discontinuities open to the surface
All discontinuities

36.

Which of the following are commonly accepted methods for applying penetrant?
Dipping the part in penetrant (dipping)
Pouring the penetrant over the test specimen (flowing)
Spraying the penetrant on the test specimen (spraying)
All of the above

37.

Which of the following is not a requirement for cleaning solvent used to clean the surface of a test
specimen:
The cleaner must be capable of dissolving oils and greases commonly found on the
surface
The cleaner must not be flammable
The cleaner must be free of contaminants.
The cleaner must leave a minimal residue on the surface

38.

Which of the statements below best states the danger of sandblasting (without subsequent
chemical etching for cleaning surfaces to be penetrant tested?
The discontinuities may be peened over and closed.
Oil contaminants might be sealed in the discontinuities
The sand used in the sandblasting operation may be forced in to the discontinuity.
The sandblasting operation may introduce discontinuities.

39.

The penetrant applied to the surface of a test specimen:

Seeps into discontinuities
Is absorbed by discontinuities
Is drawn into discontinuities by capillary action
Is drawn into discontinuities by gravity

40.

Which of the following statements concerning liquid penetrant testing is correct?

Fluorescent penetrant will produce red against white discontinuity indications.
Non fluorescent penetrants require the use of black lights.

Fluorescent indications will be seen when exposed to black light.

Non fluorescent discontinuities glow in the dark for easy viewing and interpretation.

41.

When removing excess penetrant from the surface of a test specimen:

The penetrant removal operation must not remove the penetrant from discontinuities.
Sufficient excess penetrant must be removed to eliminate an interfering background
The use of a solvent dampened cloth is common method of penetrant removal.
All of the above.

42.

The most widely accepted method for removing excessive water washable penetrant from the
surface of a test specimen.
By means of a wet rag
By means of a water spray rinse
By washing the part directly under water funning from lap
By immersing the part in water

43.

The inspection of a test specimen for discontinuities should take place

Immediately after the developer has been applied
Anytime after the developer has been applied
After the developer has been on the test specimen for the proper development time
Immediately after the rinse operation

44.

Which of the following is an advantage of visible dye penetrants over fluorescent penetrants?
Visible dye penetrants do not require a black light
Visible dye penetrates are more sensitive than fluorescent penetrants.
Visible dye penetrants are superior in penetration characteristics
Visible dye penetrants are not toxic while fluorescent penetrants are toxic.

45.

The terms dry aqueous wet and nonaqueous wet are used to describe three different type of
Emulsifier
Cleaner
Developer
Penetrants

46.

Which of the following is a true statement concerning the application of a standard temperature
penetrant to a test specimen while the specimen is hot?
The penetrant is likely to become entrapped in the specimen as it cools.
The test will be less sensitive than when the penetrant is applied on a cool specimen
There is no difference in applying penetrant to a heated specimen and a cool specimen
Causing volatile fumes and leaving a residue on the surface.

47.

Which of the following is not a generally accepted method for applying penetrants?
Rubbing the penetrant over the surface
Brushing the penetrant on the part
Spraying the penetrant on the part.
Dipping the penetrant on the part.

48.

Which of the following is the most commonly used method for removing non-water-washable
visible dye penetrant from the surface of a test specimen?

Dipping in a solvent
Spraying
Hand wiping
Blowing

49.

Which of the following is an acceptable method for applying wet developers?

Application with a soft brush
Application with a hand powder bulb
Rubbing with a saturated cloth
Spraying or dipping.

50.

When using solvent-removable penetrants, the excess penetrant may be removed by:
dipping the part in solvent
spraying the part with water and solvent
rubbing the part with a wet rag
wiping the part with a rag or cloth that has been dampened with solvent