Major Difference between Versions of Teradata.

1.V2R4 to V2R5--- single value compression to multi value compression

2.V2R5 to V2R62.1Replica feature added in V2R6 (Replica is nothing but the copy of database
available on other system).
2.2 Compared to V2R5, protection of data is more when data vanish from one system in V2R6
3. V2R6 toTD12--- In TD123.1.Multilevel Partitioned Primary Index- This MPPI is the PPI with sub
partition. It must have minimum of 2 and max of 15 of sub partitioning.
3.2Geocode (data type is introduced) this data type is used to get the reports in form of maps.
Some more differences between the version V2r5 to TD12 are mentioned below.

TERADATA VERSION DIFFERENCES

V2R5 New Features and Eliminated Features
1.
Added Identity column features to implement Primary key
and Unique key concepts.
2.
Statistics can be collected on
a. Multiple Non Indexed columns of a table.
b. Using sampling data from a table.
3.Partition Primary Indexed Added and types described.
3. Materialized View concept provided through
a. Partialy covered join Index.
b. Sparse Join Index.
4. Stored procedure features like
a. Implementing Cursors using declare cursor statements.
b. Altering a Procedure Using Nested computed statements.
c. FETCH to get the rows one by one sequentially.
d. Get help information on Stored Procedure and
Attributes etc.
5. Multi Column Compression for Table Columns.
6. Setting the default DATEFORM form Options.
7. Implementing Multiple Distinct Aggregations in a Select
Query etc.
V2R5.1 Features
1. ANSI Triggers Introduced.
2.Row Triggers, statement triggers are supported.
3. It allows Recursion and Aggregation inside Triggers.
4. Stored Procedure Enhancement achieved
Implemented different recompilation methods of a stored
procedure.
5. Recognised requirements for running C compilers in the
Teradata UNIX Environment.
6. Provided more Contextual Information for Internal Error 5547.
7. Large Objects supported.
a. we can load and unload large objects even in

BTEQ(BLOB,CLOB)
By Using LargeDatamode.
8. User Defined Functions Added.
Note:
1. we cannot write Print Statement inside Procedure.
2. Stored Procedures Created in V2R5.1 require Recompilation.
V2R6 FEATURES
1. Queue Tables are added.
2. Triggered Stored Procedure added.
3. Stored Procedure Grammar Merge added.
4. Multi statements request submitted (supported in stored
procedures by using
BEGIN REQUEST
-----END RESQUEST.
5. External Stored Procedures (xSP added).
6. BLOBs are supported by stored procedure and External
stored procedure.
V2R6.1 FEATURES
1. Stored Procedure OUT Parameter Changes.
2. PPI on Volatile and Global temporary tables.
3. User Defined types Added (UTDs)
4. PPI on Join Index added.
V2R6.2 FEATURES
1. Alter Table column Compression added.
2.'CREATE TABLE AS WITH STATISTICS ' ADDED.
3. Auto generated key Retrieval added.
TD 12 FEATURES
1. Stored Procedure Enhancements
a. Retrieval of one or more results set from a stored
procedure.
2. Error Tables Added with external syntax.
3. TERADATA 12 Provides complex error handling capabilities
in conjunction with a
MERGE INTO (or) INSERT SELECT statements accomplished
through the Usage of new SQL
based error tables.
4. Usage of ANSI Merge Operation at the time of loading added.
5. Compare and contrast the advantage of Merge instead of
MULTILOAD.
6. TD 12 MERGE plan is different from V2R5 MERGE plan.
7. Multilevel Partitioning provided.
8. Added many changes to the User defined functions and
Table functions.
9. Supports SQL Invocation Using External Stored Procedures.
10. Teradata Extended Support for Windows Aggregate Function.
example

STDDEV_SAMP[standard deviation sample]

CORR ---Corelation
COVAR_SAMP (Corelation Variable sample )
VAR_SAMP etc.
11. It supports DSW of 20 bits also.
12. BLOB and CLOB Extended till 10 GB.

V2R6 and TD12 Version differences

Online ArchiveEarlier versions, during archive(Back up) of data. The TD will not be available online. But in TD12, we
can query from TD but performance may be slow depends on your query complexity.

Collect stats improvementThe have added extrapolated stats(when a query references a date beyond the range with collected
statistics, the database will automatically extrapolate the collected statistics to create an accurate
plan)
The max number of intervals for a statistics on a index/column is increased from 100 to 200.

For complete set of differences please refer the TD documents and share your observations too.