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VICTORIAN SUPREME COURT PROCEEDINGS 9665 OF 2007, 9263 AND 10222 OF 2008 AND 3731 AND
3766 OF 2009
1. I refer to my previous written and oral submissions in the part of these proceedings presently before
Associate Justice Daly and (as regards the Second and Third Defendants) the parallel applications currently
resting before the Court of Appeal).
No jurisdiction to hear matters of fact and issues of law sub judice the Court of Appeal
21. I struggle to find what jurisdiction Her Honour Associate Justice Daly has to do anything with these
applications by the second through to the seventh defendants inclusive other than to dismiss them (for being
brought at the wrong time and in the wrong place) and order costs against them in my favour. However it is
clear that the Chief Justice could not possibly properly delegate to an Associate Justice jurisdiction to hear
issues of law (and fact) that are currently before the Court of Appeal. The Chief Justice could not
conceivably purport to delegate to an Associate Justice jurisdiction to hear things (legal arguments) that
under the Supreme Court Act are within the sole jurisdiction of the Court of Appeal. The contemporaneity of
these parallel applications by the second and third defendants in the Court of Appeal (before the Chief
Recent High Court and Court of Appeal judgements – fortifying as to eventual outcomes
28. I have mentioned several recent High Court and Court of Appeal judgements that fortify me as to the
eventual outcomes of these proceedings.
29. In his judgement in AON v ANU of August this year, Chief Justice French notes that senior counsel for (the
successful) AON, namely JJ Gleeson SC who appears with a junior for the eighth defendant in these
proceedings (before Associate Justice Daly) asserted to him that that AON’s case was a 'landmark case'.
The successful contention by JJ Gleeson was that it was a denial of the right to a fair hearing that the ACT
trial judge at first instance allowed the plaintiff University to amend its statement of claim against his client,
insurer AON, on the third day of a 4 week trial.
30. Well how much more prominent on the legal landscape are these proceedings, as presently resting before
the Court of Appeal, where the trial judge at first instance allowed Ms Cressy's counsel, Graeme Devries to
amend her statement of claim on the third day of a 4 week trial, radically changing one set of lies (she was a
impersonating a de facto Mrs Brady on day one of the trial) for another set of lies (suddenly, she was
impersonating Heidi Fleiss on day three), with the change made (a) after Devries her Counsel had finished
presenting and all but formally closed her case (which he did in the opening minutes of the 4 th day) and
when Devries had in any event failed to produce anything like solid evidence supporting either set of lies - or
both sets of lies [as it seems that the trial judge allowed both sets of lies concurrently though they were
surely mutually exclusive]; and (b) after the trial judge had forced a self-represented Mr Johnson, a law man
of zero litigation experience, unprepared and surprised [by an unlawfully obtained twelve month early trial
date] to proceed with a raw February 2008 version of his defence and counterclaim and denied him the
November 2008 version of his defence and counterclaim, because, for technical reasons that ought not
have been beyond the scope of the trial judge to understand and manage, his re-written counterclaims had
been filed under a newer proceeding number with a pending application for consolidation of the two.
31. And I note that in terms of my 10 October 2009 '20 to 1' analysis of why this was not a proper or fair hearing
of issues before Justice Kaye, JJ Gleeson's single point (plaintiff not allowed to amend a statement of claim
on the 3rd day of a 4 week trial) struggles to rate as point number 3. JJ Gleeson SC’s landmark point of law
is outranked by 2 far more serious and sinister points and is accompanied by dozens of just as points, not
just JJ Gleeson SC's single solitary 'landmark point'.
32. I also note that JJ Gleeson SC seems to have run the “right to a fair hearing” point solely based on the
common law recognised human right. Perhaps for some valid reason (eg on instructions, or after
advisement for strategic reasons, or perhaps because of a mis-fit of commencement dates for the ACT
‘Here are the Ten Top Reasons (in ascending order) demonstrating the unlawfulness of process and resulting
unlawfulness of decision making before Justice Kaye during December 2008 and February 2009 in the Cressy v
Johnson proceedings. And Ms Sofraniou and her instructors being fully-paid witnesses to these ten atrocities, it
is gross professional misconduct to assert to Your Honour Associate Justice Daly that my claims against Ms
10. Turn Out Ms Cressy's lawyers were so without evidence for her claims that they resorted
Your to alll sorts of lawless shinanigans. With no discovery, they subpoenae Mr
Pocketses Johnson's banks (who delivered up documents without objecting to those
subpoenas as they should have objected given their privacy duties to their
customer). Those subpoenaed documents turned up on 2 December 2009
and did nothing but endorse the truth of Mr Johnson's case and the deceipt of
Ms Cressy's outlandish claims.
Under cross examination Mr Johnson was compelled to turn out his pocketses,
to disgorge his victorian drivers licence. Otherwise Devries and the Trial
Judge were going to assume (falsely) that it showed Mr Johnson as having the
same residential address as Ms Cressy. Of course, it didn't. Mr Johnson had
to drive (despite a debilitating back ache that left him without sleep for the first
4 nights of the trial and lingering pain into the second week) for over an hour,
each way, to retrieve his Victorian drivers licence (which again strenghtened
the truth of his case) rather than being damned by this false assumption from
this false, abuse of process.
Haven't Ms Cressy's lawyers and the Trial Judge heard of pre-trial discovery
and notices to produce?
Ms Cressy and her lawyers were clearly informed that Mr Johnson denied any
de facto relationship with Ms Cressy and denied sharing a residence with her
(other than for a period in 2001 – 2003 to save Ms Cressy and her children
from being homeless). Their failure to bring the sort of evidence (testimony
from relatives, friends, acquaintances, neighbours and indica of ordinary family
life – photo albums, birthday cards, family videos) were all a deafening silence
as to the falsehood of her claims.
8. Forget Mr Johnson called one of Ms Cressy's neighbours whom he did not know prior
about Mr to the commencement of legal hostilities. Ms Cressy's neighour testified that
Johnson's Ms Cressy lived as a single mother with her children and that Mr Johnson was
Full Case a non-live with father figure to the children. Ms Cressy's neighbour also
of testified to #
Evidence
Mr Johnson called one of Ms Cressy's boyfriends of 2000 – 2003, whose
relationship with Ms Cressy was confirmed by evidence of a Senior Detective
from the Purana Taskforce.
Mr Johnson's earnings and bank statements and 100% funding of all of his
properties was fully established with all of his fee slips, many of his tax returns,
all of his borrowing documents and property contracts tenderered in evidence.
This evidence was corroborated by independent testimony of his mortgage
broker.
7. “I am in Ms Cressy's case depended solely on her credibility. This was totally dashed
truth a by her criminal conduct (as found by the judge) leading up to the trial, and his
beautiful findings of dishonesty and lying to police and from the witness box. It was also
liar” totally dashed by being totally contradicted by all of the independent and
reliable evidence provided as part of Mr Johnson's case.
6. The Two This was the result of gross professional misconduct by Ms Cressy's lawyers.
Day Trial Obtaining a directions hearing that Mr Johnson was unaware of until months
(Fries With later. Asserting to the Listing Master it would be a 2 day hearing. Failing to
That Order) inform the Listing Master of Mr Johnson's 3 – 4 week estimate. And failing to
inform the Listing Master that no pre-trial steps had yet been completed
(including formal discovery and finalising of pleadings).
5. No Right to The Trial Judge's insistence on allowing Ms Cressy's their unlawfully gotten 2
Discovery December 2008 trial date overlooked the gross unlawfulness of process that
resulted from skipping pre-trial stages including discovery. As the High Court
commented in Johnson v Johnson (2000 pretrial discovery is critical for the
parties and for the Court in these sorts of property claims (and that case
involved a bona fide and undisputed legally married couple – not a fraudulent
de facto claim by a desperate and mentall ill woman).
3. A New Set Conversely, and unlawfully as the High Court ruled in August this year in AON
of Lies v ANU, the Trial Judge allowed Ms Cressy's lawyers to totally change her
claims on the third day of a four week trial. But unlike ANU in that case, here it
was after the plaintiff had completed presentation of her case. And also unlike
ANU in that case, here the plaintiff failed to produce any evidence to
subtantiate her claims, in circumstances where there were simply no excuses
for her or her lawyers for not bringing any evidence to trial.
2. Warping A Like in the Rubin Hurricane Curtis case, Ms Cressy's barrister, Graeme
Secret Devries withheld important evidence that he was obliged to disclose to Mr
Psychiatric Johnson not only pre-trial but when he handed it up to Justice Kaye on the first
Report – morning of the Trial. This was the Entwisle Psychiatric report – containing
Look reports on Ms Cressy's state of mental illness as diagnosed by Dr Entwistle.
Who's This report was whithheld from Mr Johnson despite repeated requests of
Calling Devries and the Trial Judge during the hearing. This report was withheld from
Who Crazy him up until May 2009 when it was reluctantlly surrendered to him by the Legal
Services Commissioner's delegate in the context of a malicously false attack
on the state of Mr Johnson's mental health (which was summarily dismissed
once the independent psychiatrist reported that Mr Johnson suffered from no
mental illnesses),
1. No Right to The Trial Judge has created a frightening situation where a defendant's basic
Defend human and common law right to defend himself in legal proceedings has been
Yourself downgraded from a “right” to a “privilege”. And at that, a “privilege” that can be
lost on an applicatio by a plaintiff's counsel to have the defendant declared
mentally handicapped at the outset and on the morning of the commencement
of a trial. This applicatoin.
This is a dangerous development in the common law of Victoria. How far does
it extend? Are only self-represented solicitor-litigants susceptible to having
their right to defend themselves reduced to a lost “privilege”? What about
other professional and unprofessional persons? Are all solicitor-litigants
susceptible or, as on the facts, only those of 18 or fewer years good standing
in the profession?
Devries failed “against [Justice Kaye's] better judgement” to have Him declare
me as mentally unfit to self-represent myself Yes Justice Kaye actually worded
it that way – an interesting self-comment on his faculties of judgemen,
considering in next to no time Justice Kaye was grandiously (and I believe
excessively and for ulterior purposes) signing my praises as a highly
intelligent man with natural abilities as an advocate for someone who had
barely ever stood in a Court before (despite being a fully practising commercial
and government lawyer of 18 years good standing). How bi-polar. How
narcisstic personality syndromed (or disordered – it being a question of
degree). One wonders what sort of personality profiling is applied to
candidates for judicial office in this State. Apart from this wonder, just imagine
what impact all of this confusion, frustration and unlawfulness of conduct by
Devries, in the space of the first few hours of the first day (2 December 2008)
had in prejudicing the Trial Judge against me. Not only was I not expecting or
prepared to go to trial (I wanted a proper trial date, after discovery, after
interrogatories, after applciation for empanneling a jury and after pleadings had
been finalised) and yet here I was having to cross-examine a malicious expert
witness David List and prove what I and everyone who has ever known me
has always taken for granted (that I''m a very intelligent, very educated, very
sane, very caring and compasionate man) in order to wind back my right to
defend myself against these fraudulent claims.
I have ruled the line arbitrarily at 10 Top Reasons. There were other unlawful features of the “trial” before Justice
Kaye.’ [For good measure I then listed, schedule 2 of my submissions of 10 October 2009 another 10
grounds why the “trial” before Justice Kaye was (in Bob Dylan’s words, a “pig-circus” and in the words
of Their Three Honours in Rees v Bailey Aluminium Products a “fiasco”.]
40. The second through to seventh defendants should be permanently laughed out of Court (and into the cells)
for their fiasco before, during and since their performance in Justice Kaye’s Courtroom.
41. As I said in paragraph 12 of my covering letter of submissions of last week (10 October 2009):
‘12. These filthy little family lawyers have obviously filled their pockets on the wealth of many a broken family
tragically left “up the creek” in family court proceedings. But what on earth possessed them in their stupidity,
incompetence and arrogance to spec $400,000 of time and energy to bankroll this latest round of blackmail from
an obviously mentally ill fraudulent, compulsive liar - putting through the mangle a man who is a top-tier
commercial and government lawyer of 19 years goodstanding (with a list of professional achievements and
capacities that these dumb fools can only delude themselves as thinking they might achieve and capace also).
Spare a thought for poor Ms Cressy [my fraudulent accuser] … now to be done over by these fucked up family
lawyers pretending to be “her” lawyers when they are just using her to get at the fruits of my lifetime of very hard
work and achievement.’
well, who can blame me, the guy that they have financially ruined and emotionally terrorised, from doing and
writing all that I lawfully can to the best of my abilities to set the record straight?
Kind regards from your most patient and optimistic of social and law reformers.
JAMES JOHNSON
225. “... immunities from suit are rightly regarded in Australia as exceptional. Normally, the law of
Australia, which the Constitution upholds, demands that all persons should be equal before the courts in
rights and liabilities. Derogations from that rule need clear and convincing authority. Quelling
controversies is indeed an important purpose of the Judicature established by the Constitution[301].
However, normally, "controversies" are "quelled" justly and by the application of law. If negligence can be
proved, the controversy presented by such a claim is quelled by holding those negligent, who owed a duty
of care and caused damage, liable for the result. It is not "quelled" by shutting the door of the courts to
those who are damaged in that way.
226. Approach to the application: During argument, a question arose concerning the approach that it was
proper to take to the claim by VLA and the barrister for peremptory relief against the applicant's
proceedings. For the barrister, it was said that this Court's authority supported the proposition that the court,
before which such relief was sought, looked with strictness at the pleadings propounded. It judged the
motion for summary dismissal, or a permanent stay, by measuring the pleadings strictly according to their
terms against the applicable legal standard.
227. Such an approach may be correct where the law in question is clear and settled[302]. However, the
function of a court, asked to give peremptory relief that stops proceedings in their tracks, is not a mechanical
one[303]. To prevent a party with an apparently serious claim from having a trial of that claim on its merits
must not become an occasion to inflict injustice or prematurely to close the court's doors in that party's face.
228. Summary relief terminating an action, or ordering that it be permanently stayed, is only available where
there is "no risk of injustice to the plaintiffs". Such orders are provided "only in plain and obvious cases".
Otherwise, as Sir Thomas Bingham MR said in E (A Minor) v Dorset County Council[304], "where the legal
viability of a cause of action is unclear (perhaps because the law is in a state of transition), or in any way
sensitive to the facts, an order to strike out should not be made". In Woolcock Street Investments Pty Ltd v
CDG Pty Ltd[305], I explained why the approach to such cases is one of restraint:
"Only in a clear case will answers be given, and orders made, that have the effect of denying
a party its ordinary civil right to a trial. This is especially so where, as in many actions for
negligence, the factual details may help to throw light on the existence of a legal cause of
action - specifically a duty of care owed by the defendant to the plaintiff."
229.Unfortunately, it has been a feature of many of the cases concerned with the existence, and scope, of the
duty of care owed by lawyers to their clients (and of the immunity from suit claimed by such lawyers) that
courts, determining the matter, have had to do so in proceedings such as the present. The issue has been
disjoined from the evidence. Questions of law have been isolated[306]. Or the matter has been determined on
pleadings without the benefit of a full consideration of the facts and findings based on a thorough
appreciation of the evidence.
231. The applicant's case at its highest: As it happens, in the present case a public record of earlier
proceedings involving the applicant is available. Without objection, parts of the record of the earlier criminal
proceedings were received by this Court. In the way the proceedings unfolded, involving the applicant in
two trials for rape, it became necessary, in the second trial, for the applicant to establish the basis upon
which it would be unjust to permit the prosecution to prove that he had pleaded guilty to rape at his
committal. Obviously, proof of that fact before the jury in the second trial would harm the applicant's
defence. That is why he sought to exclude the evidence of his original plea.
232. The issue was decided in the second trial in the County Court of Victoria on a voir dire conducted by
Judge Duckett. In the course of his ruling, explaining the reasons why evidence of the plea should be
excluded, the judge recounted evidence that had been adduced before him, which he accepted[307].
233. The applicant gave evidence before Judge Duckett. He deposed to the circumstances of the plea. He
said that, on six occasions, he had given a private solicitor, whom he initially retained, consistent
instructions that he proposed to plead not guilty. The judge accepted that he had given the same instructions
to the VLA solicitor when she took over responsibility for his defence. Her instructions to counsel at the
time stated that "the accused is adamant"[308] that he is not guilty. However, the barrister expressed "a firm
view" that the applicant had "no defence to this charge"[309]. The applicant was not comfortable with that
advice.
234. At first, it appeared that the applicant's defence would be reserved to the trial, as was his right.
However, on the day of the committal hearing, in an interview room at the Melbourne Magistrates' Court, a
conference took place between the barrister, the VLA solicitor and the applicant. Judge Duckett
explained[310]:
"I was told that counsel said strongly that there was no defence to the charge and the accused
said a number of times that he was not guilty.
His Legal Aid solicitor said in evidence that she pressured him to plead guilty because, as
she saw it, he would then get the reward of a shorter term of imprisonment or a benefit in
terms of sentence as a result of such an early plea. She said that she was instrumental in the
accused's failure to reserve his plea at committal.
I also note that, whilst this conference was being held at the court, the prosecuting authorities
interrupted twice ... to try to get an early decision from the defence. It does appear that this
was a highly charged situation in which the accused was asked to give his instructions."
235. The judge proceeded to describe the factual conflict concerning the existence or absence of consent on
the part of the complainant, and the existence or absence of a belief on the part of the applicant that the
complainant was consenting to sexual intercourse with him. The applicant believed that there had been
consent to sexual intercourse with him, and that that was a reasonable belief "because of a measure of
foreplay that took place between them before penetration"[311]. Judge Duckett went on[312]:
236. During the discussions with the barrister and the VLA solicitor, the applicant telephoned his former
private solicitor to seek her advice. Understandably, according to the judge, as she was no longer involved in
the matter, she was unable to help him. Also understandably, the applicant was affected by what the VLA
solicitor and the barrister told him before his plea was taken. Judge Duckett concluded[313]:
"I am satisfied that the plea that was entered was as a result of considerable pressure applied
by the accused's previous legal advisers and that it could well have been given in the
mistaken belief that the accused had no defence in law to the charge of rape. In those
circumstances ... I rule that the evidence is not admissible."
237. Following the exclusion of the evidence of the plea of guilty to rape, the applicant was acquitted of the
charge at his second trial. He then brought the present proceedings asserting negligence on the part of the
solicitor and the barrister in telling him that he had no defence to the charge; in suggesting that he would
receive a suspended sentence on a guilty plea entered at the committal; in telling him that he would receive a
custodial penalty if he pleaded not guilty and was found guilty; and in failing to explain, adequately or at all,
the risks involved in entering a guilty plea at committal, in the event that he later sought to change that plea
and to restore the plea of not guilty that he had earlier asserted.
238. Again, in fairness to the barrister and the solicitor, it is important to point out that the abbreviated
proceedings on the voir dire would not necessarily reflect what would emerge in a full trial of a negligence
claim. However, two of the three parties (the applicant and the solicitor, but not the barrister) gave evidence
before Judge Duckett. The issues sufficiently overlap to make the observations of the judge on the voir dire
of relevance, certainly to understanding the applicant's claim against VLA in respect of the solicitor's alleged
conduct. Attaching evidentiary flesh to the bare bones of the pleadings (foreclosed, so far, by the summary
relief granted below) presents starkly the issue that now falls for decision.
239. That issue is stated by Deane J, in general terms, in his dissenting reasons in Giannarelli[314]. Is a legal
practitioner immune from all redress for negligence "however gross and callous in its nature or devastating
in its consequences"[315] simply because the practitioner is a professional person admitted as a barrister or
solicitor who has performed functions in, or closely connected with, court proceedings? Is that person, as
such, absolutely immune from suit although negligence can clearly be proved, wrong or inadequate
professional advice established, and although it is shown (as was alleged in this case) that considerable
pressure was applied to have the client accept that negligent advice?
240. Presented in this way, the issues in the present application transcend any negligent acts and omissions
of the barrister and the solicitor in this case, assuming that they could be proved. What is involved is a
wholly exceptional exemption from the ordinary liability that other professional and non-professional
persons face before the courts of Australia for conduct arguably much less blameworthy, in circumstances of
equivalent care and attention, involving errors seemingly less culpable and perilous, if the complaints are
believed[316].
...”
Has Australia's Family Court been making custody orders illegally since
2006?
1. I am seeking to have the orders made by Federal Magistrate Daniel O'Dwyer during federal magistrates
court proceedings 10307/2007 set aside on grounds that, inter alia the radical amendments to the
Family Law Act in 2006 by the Howard Government were unconstitutional.
The Case
2. The circumstances of this case are especially tragic. It started with an application by a man for custody
rights in respect of his alleged love child, the third of three children born to a woman whom the man
dated for only a year or so. They stopped dating shortly after the child was conceived, which was 7
years before the court case began. This case was quite unusual because the mother and the alleged
father were never a married or de facto couple.
3. The woman always asserted that the man was the biological father of her youngest child. The man
always took those assertions at face value. Over the years he provided substantial financial support to
her and her family as well as being a strong father figure for all three of her children. The woman even
raised her second son to believe that the man was his biological father.
4. The man brought the custody application in September 2007 out of concern for the welfare of his
alleged daughter and her two half-brothers who were being neglected and abused by their mother. He
was concerned by increasingly unstable and violent nature of their mother. The woman vanished with
the children shortly after father's day. The children had had no contact with him or with their school for
several weeks. The woman's behaviour deteriorated further during the early stages of the legal
proceedings. She admitted to physically attacking her children and causing substantial damage to her
home. This happened a few days after the first family court hearing. On that occasion, the domestic
violence only stopped after an elderly neighbour answered her children's pleas for help. The woman
was taken into police custody and sent to a nearby psychiatric hospital for assessment.
6. In September 2008 and February 2009 the Federal Magistrate made family law orders banning the man
from all contact with his alleged daughter. The orders were made in the man's absence. He had
already walked away from his application, distressed at the incompetence, bias and hypocrisy of what
was supposed to be a court of law.
7. By September 2008, and despite court orders supposedly giving him overnight contact with all three
children (according to their wishes) the man had not had any contact with any of the children for several
months. The hypocrisy in the orders and that so-called hearing is that the man had been forced to
break off contact with his 8 year old alleged daughter in May 2008 to protect her from serious domestic
violence she was subjected to in her mothers home. The girl was being regularly beaten and
threatened at home and at school by her 10 year old half brother. The 10 year old boy was out of
control. He was making death threats against his 8 year old half-sister - even when adults were
around.
8. The boy was upset that their mother was refusing to comply with court orders granting him time with his
'dad'. The family law judge, a Federal Magistrate Daniel O'Dwyer, refused to hear the man's application
seeking the court's assistance to require the woman to comply with the court orders, even with the
school headmaster and the elderly neighbour at court wanting to testify as to the violence the little girl
was suffering in order to still have contact with her dad, the benefits of time with her dad and the risks
associated with her mother's violent home and lifestyle.
9. I've heard dozens of similar stories over the past year. It is heart breaking once you pierce the veil of
secrecy surrounding the family court's proceedings and find out what really goes on. I wish I had the
resources to send a human rights watch monitor into every family court in the country, every day, to
monitor and report these abuses of childrens, and adults basic human rights.
The Appeal
11. The grounds of appeal are numerous. They include arguments that the family law judge, Federal
Magistrate O'Dwyer lacked jurisdiction to hear the application because of its complexity; that Federal
Magistrate O'Dwyer should have disqualified himself from hearing the application on grounds of bias
(his refusal to enforce custody orders the previous May); that the orders Federal Magistrate O'Dwyer
made were riddled with actual bias; and that the orders were unlawful and possibly contemptuous of
parliament and even his own Court because they were inconsistent with express provisions of the
Family Law Act to the contrary. The judge made orders purporting to restrain the man (but not the
woman or her lawyers) from using evidence and documents from the family law proceedings in other
proceedings between them in the Supreme Court. Section 121 of the Family Law Act expressly clarifies
that this is a proper and lawful use of evidence and documents.
The Constitution
12. But the more interesting ground of appeal is the argument that the Family Law Act and the kind of
Family Law court it created are both invalid because they are not authorised under Chapter III of the
Australian Constitution.
13. The argument can be simply stated. The scheme of the Australian Constitution is that the functions of
government are separated into three categories. We have the parliament whom we democratically
elect to to make legislation and to govern the second branch of Government. This is the executive,
which all of the public service, the Government departments and statutory authorities through which our
parliamentary elected representatives govern us. Then, separate from the parliament and the
executive bureaucracy, we have the the courts, which are the third, judicial arm of government.
14. Chapter III of the Australian constitution empowers the federal parliament to create federal courts, such
as the High Court, and the power to create courts like the Federal Court and the Family Court. But the
Federal parliament can only make legislation that gives its Federal courts judicial functions and powers.
The Australian Constitution does not authorise the Federal parliament to establish a tribunal which at
once performs functions of a court of law and functions of an arm of executive government.
Constitutional lawyers and historians call this the doctrine of 'separation of powers'.
16. For example, in 1915 an ill-fated Commonwealth Inter-State Commission was held to be
unconstitutional. The elected government of the day's sin was that it had created a statutory body with
a prohibited mix of executive functions of making and implementing and policing laws regulating
interstate trade, and the judicial function of trying cases (as a court) where persons breached those
laws. The High Court has also struck down as invalid several federal Government attempts to create a
federal Court of Conciliation and Arbitration.
17. Australians, Burmese and Chileans are the only people on earth that are not protected by a national bill
of rights. This separation of powers is one of the very few constitutional guarantees Australians enjoy
under our federal Constitution. It means that the commonwealth government can't, for example, create
a tribunal or court where the judge is also the prosecutor – or where police investigate and judge their
own cases. Courts do not investigate or prosecute breaches of the law. They have no such active
duty. If they did, then the courts' essential feature as an impartial tribunal would be gone. And it is this
impartiality, this detachment from the parties arguing before the court, that is the whole purpose of this
constitutional separation of judicial powers from executive, investigatory Government powers.
18. “When you look at the way that the family court has been operating since 2006, it is impossible to resist
the temptation to say that the family court has been operating unlawful because it violates this
impartiality, it violates this constitutional guarantee of separation of powers.
19. A true court, within the meaning of Chapter III of the Constitution is a place where two or more parties
meet to resolve a problem. There is either a prosecutor and a defendant or a plaintiff and a defendant.
They meet before one or more impartial and independent judges. The parties present legal arguments
and the evidence that they have gathered. Each side questions the other sides arguments and
evidence. Ideally, the parties present, question and argue their cases with an “equality of arms”, that is,
with equal amounts of time and money to devote to their cases. But everybody knows that “equality of
arms” is a myth these days. Importantly, the judge does not get involved in presenting or cross
examining the parties cases. The judge does not get involved in the gathering of evidence either. The
20. But family law proceedings do not work like a true court at all. The first thing that happens in
proceedings under the Family Law Act is that the judge engages a solicitor. Effectively the judge
becomes a third party in the proceedings which he is judging. The judge, and his own entourage of
lawyers and experts become a major (perhaps exclusive) force in the investigation, gathering and
presenting of the evidence which he is supposed to independently judge.
21. Prior to 2006, the family court judge had the power in appropriate cases to order that a child's
representative, a lawyer, be appointed to represent the interests of a child or children. A bit like a
litigation guardian (but a lawyer also) this enabled the children to be represented as a third party in
custody proceedings. Nothing in this procedure undermined the judge's impartiality or offended
Chapter III of the Constitution.
22. But in 2006 these laws were radically changed. Instead of a 'child's representative', the judge almost
as a matter of routine appoints an “independent children's lawyer” to take part in the proceedings.
Significantly, the Act says that the “independent childrens lawyer”, despite the misleading title, 'is not the
child's legal representative and is not obliged to act on the child's instructions.'
23. The so-called “independent children's lawyer” is according to the legislation and according to the new
Court practice, a lawyer working for the judge. He is not the children's lawyer and it is even unclear
now whether the children have any capacity to be represented in family court proceedings either by a
lawyer or a litigation guardian.
24. The engagement of an “independent children's lawyer” under the new Court procedures damages the
impartiality of the judge, and puts the family court in violation of Chapter III of the Constitution. The
judge directs his lawyer in the proceeding to commission expert evidence. This takes the form a
psychologist report. The judge and his entourage of lawyers actively begin investigations and the
collection of interest. This results in all sorts of human rights violations. The parents are compelled,
often against their wishes, to participate in this process. The investigators, beginning usually with a
psychologist appointed by the judge's lawyer, gets all muddled up because he is hearing different
stories from the two parents who are at loggerheads. His report is prepared and produced and looks
nothing like what the parties themselves would independently prepare. For starters the one 'expert'
25. Basically, because the judge is under enormous workload and lacking time and resources, the judge
then goes on to more or less adopt findings of fact made by the psychologist or other experts,
notwithstanding that those findings have not been prepared or contested or evaluated in a proper court
process. The psychologist is not a judge, and has no legal training or comprehension of proper court
rules and procedures for the delivery and assessment of evidence. But a whole lot of the functions of
the judge are effectively passed down to the “independent childrens lawyer” and the psychologist,
notwithstanding the non-judicial (and unconstitutional) nature of those investigations and the
psychologist's reported findings. No wonder the judges are criticised for making bad decisions, bad
orders made on the back of a bad and unlawful and inadequate investigation of the facts.
26. The family law courts are a six billion dollar per annum industry for family law lawyers and a coterie of
psychologists and psychiatrists that thrive on the production and promotion of such false allegations,
through so-called 'experts reports' by psychologists engaged by the judge as part of the judge run, but
out-of-court, investigatory process.
27. Overnight, men who have demonstrated themselves to be caring and devoted parents, men of
unimpeachable reputation and dignity, find themselves being falsely accused of all sorts of drunkenness
and violence and even paedophilia and sodomy. On top of the financial and emotional trauma of the
custody dispute, there is usually the financial and emotional trauma of an angry relationship breakdown
and a vicious property dispute. And these men find not only that they have no recourse against these
allegations, which then spill over from the custody dispute and are then used against them in the
vicious property dispute too.
28. These lies are wrongly given a patina of credibility when peddled through the format of report by a
psychologist who is engaged by the judge and in practice answerable to nobody. Neither party has any
control over the evidence produced this way. As opposed to a 'real court' where each party
independently commissions and pays for and presents its own evidence. A 'real court' process of the
parties controlling their own experts lends an important degree of quality control over the process. The
29. These outcomes demonstrate that the workings of the family court since 2006 have almost certainly
been unlawful, as a matter of constitutional law. In custody proceedings these days the judge is acting
as both the judge and (via his “independent childrens lawyer”) as the primary investigator, collector and
presenter of evidence often of dubious quality and often forced against the wishes of the true parties to
the proceedings. These double functions clearly violate the 'separation of powers' doctrine on which
our Constitution is based. The family court has since 2006 been a more horrendous and
unconstitutional mistake of mixed investigative and judicial functions than any of the other bodies that
the High Court has struck down over the past century. It also demonstrates the wisdom of our
constitutional forefathers in insisting on the separation of judicial functions from other functions of
Government.
30. Why has nobody ever challenged the Family Law Act on constitutional grounds? Prior to 2006 the
Family Court operated as a “true court” of the kind contemplated by Chapter III of the Constitution.
Ever since the 2006 amendments to the Act took effect, it has been open to any litigant affected by the
exercise by the Family Court of any powers under the Act to attack the constitutional validity of the
Court and the Act. No such attack has been made to the High Court and it is perhaps not hard to
understand why. Those who might make such an attack are family men. Usually these men are barely
surviving under circumstances of extreme financial and emotional distress. If they can afford a lawyer
at all, the sorts of lawyers who practice in family law are not the sorts of lawyers who excel at law,
especially the more serious areas of law such as constitutional law. They are unlikely to think deeply
enough to consider whether the Family Law Act has constitutional validity. And even if they thought
about it long enough, they are not likely to run an argument that, if successful, might lead to the
collapse from within of their primary (and often exclusive) source of income. The litigants are unlikely to
31. My own involvement in family court proceedings, with my background in corporate, governmental,
constitutional and human rights laws came about following a series of extraordinarily improbable
circumstances.
32. Every family that spends any time in family court proceedings suffers an extraordinary financial and
emotional trauma on top of whatever precipitated the relationship breakdown to the extent that the
parties cannot themselves maturely sort our their custodial and property affairs. Often financial
problems trigger these breakdowns. Sometimes there are emotional or mental health issues too.
According to the Australian Government's own statistics 2 Australian father's commit suicide every week
due to family court associated trauma. Many welfare organisations say that the true figure is closer to
20 Australian dad's in distress committing suicide every week. The social and economic multiplier
effects of these unnecessary deaths are imaginable. Links between 'absent' (or suicide) dads and
depressed, angry, suicidal and economically disadvantaged youths and childhoods are clearly
documented. The Government should be assisting these families, including these men. The
Government should be making sure that its relevant departments, statutory authorities and institutions
like the family court assist men, women and children through their family relationship crisis, not be
contributing to their misery by separating parents from their children.
The Implications
33. If the Family Law Act and the Family Court are held to have been operating unconstitutional since 2006
the federal government would not be able to easily fix the problem. “An immediate solution would be to
repeal the offending provisions. Nothing that the Family Court has done prior to 2006 would be
affected by the ruling, and repealing the offending provisions would re-constitute the family court as a
“true court” again so far as new cases are concerned. The difficult ones to fix are the cases that were
decided between 2006 and the repeal of the “independent childrens lawyer” machinery provisions.
34. A new Family Law Act would need to comply with Chapter III of the Constitution. Otherwise it too would
be invalid. To change the Constitution would require a federal referendum. Most if not all orders and
rulings made by the (current) Family Court since 2006 up until now would be null and void. That may
pave the way for children and adults affected by those rulings to beginning seeking compensation
claims, possibly against the Government or possibly against their lawyers.
36. The Family law system has been plagued right from the outset with substantial problems and attracted
substantial criticism. It may not be the worst thing that could happen if a successful constitutional
challenge to the current system that forces the federal and State Governments to come together, to re-
think and to put in place a system that is designed to meet the needs of Australian children and
empowers parents wherever possible to simply to be parents, rather than gratuitously demonising them
as the current system does.
37. The current system seems to do little more than produce all sorts of the worst sorts of malicious
defamations and lies, to separate children from their dads, in order to produce a $6 billion per annum
feeding frenzy for family lawyers and a coterie of so-called mental health professionals, through
shamefully warped proceedings that are a mockery of the 'real courts' that we are supposedly
guaranteed under Chapter III of our federal Constitution.
See attached
See attached