Project Gutenberg's The History of Rome, Books 01 to 08, by Titus Livius

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Title: The History of Rome, Books 01 to 08
Author: Titus Livius
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THE
HISTORY OF ROME.
BY
TITUS LIVIUS.
THE FIRST EIGHT BOOKS.
LITERALLY TRANSLATED, WITH NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS,
BY
D. SPILLAN, A.M. M.D.
LONDON:
HENRY G. BOHN, YORK STREET, COVENT GARDEN.
MDCCCLIII.
JOHN CHILDS AND SON, BUNGAY

PREFACE.
In this new English version of the most elegant of the Roman historians,
the object of the translator has been, to adhere as closely to the
original text as is consistent with the idioms of the respective
languages. But while thus providing more especially for the wants of the
classical student, he has not been unmindful of the neatness and
perspicuity required to satisfy the English reader.
There have been several previous translations of our author, but the
only one now before the public, or deserving of particular mention, is
that by Baker, which is undoubtedly a very able performance, and had it
been more faithful, would have rendered any other unnecessary.
The edition used for the present translation is that published at Oxford
under the superintendence of Travers Twiss, whose carefully revised text
is by far the best extant. The few notes and illustrations which the
limits of an edition in this popular form permit, are chiefly confined
to the explanation of grammatical difficulties. Historical and
antiquarian illustration is now so abundantly supplied by excellent
Manuals and Dictionaries, that it has been deemed unnecessary to swell
the present volumes by additions in that department.
Among the manuals of Roman History which may most advantageously be used
by the student, is Twiss's Epitome of Niebuhr, 2 vols. 8vo, a work
frequently referred to in these pages.

THE
HISTORY OF ROME.

BOOK I.
_The coming of neas into Italy, and his achievements there; the
reign of Ascanius in Alba, and of the other Sylvian kings. Romulus
and Remus born. Amulius killed. Romulus builds Rome; forms a
senate; makes war upon the Sabines; presents the_ opima spolia _to
Jupiter Feretrius; divides the people into_ curi; _his victories;
is deified. Numa institutes the rites of religious worship; builds
a temple to Janus; and having made peace with all his neighbours,
closes it for the first time; enjoys a peaceful reign, and is
succeeded by Tullus Hostilius. War with the Albans; combat of the
Horatii and Curiatii. Alba demolished, and the Albans made citizens
of Rome. War declared against the Sabines; Tullus killed by
lightning. Ancus Marcius renews the religious institutions of Numa;
conquers the Latins, confers on them the right of citizenship, and
assigns them the Aventine hill to dwell on; adds the hill Janiculum
to the city; enlarges the bounds of the empire. In his reign Lucumo
comes to Rome; assumes the name of Tarquinius; and, after the death
of Ancus, is raised to the throne. He increases the senate, by

adding to it a hundred new senators; defeats the Latins and

Sabines; augments the centuries of knights; builds a wall round the
city; makes the common sewers; is slain by the sons of Ancus after
a reign of thirty-eight years; and is succeeded by Servius Tullius.
He institutes the census; closes the lustrum, in which eighty
thousand citizens are said to have been enrolled; divides the
people into classes and centuries; enlarges the Pomrium, and
adds the Quirinal, Viminal, and Esquiline hills to the city; after
a reign of forty years, is murdered by L. Tarquin, afterwards
surnamed Superbus. He usurps the crown. Tarquin makes war on the
Volsci, and, with the plunder taken from them, builds a temple to
Jupiter Capitolinus. By a stratagem of his son, Sextus Tarquin, he
reduces the city of Gabii; after a reign of twenty-five years is
dethroned and banished, in consequence of the forcible violation of
the person of Lucretia by his son Sextus. L. Junius Brutus and L.
Tarquinius Collatinus first created consuls._

PREFACE.
Whether in tracing the history of the Roman people, from the foundation
of the city, I shall employ myself to a useful purpose,[1] I am neither
very certain, nor, if I were, dare I say: inasmuch as I observe, that it
is both an old and hackneyed practice,[2] later authors always supposing
that they will either adduce something more authentic in the facts, or,
that they will excel the less polished ancients in their style of
writing. Be that as it may, it will, at all events, be a satisfaction to
me, that I too have contributed my share[3] to perpetuate the
achievements of a people, the lords of the world; and if, amidst so
great a number of historians,[4] my reputation should remain in
obscurity, I may console myself with the celebrity and lustre of those
who shall stand in the way of my fame. Moreover, the subject is both of
immense labour, as being one which must be traced back for more than
seven hundred years, and which, having set out from small beginnings,
has increased to such a degree that it is now distressed by its own
magnitude. And, to most readers, I doubt not but that the first origin
and the events immediately succeeding, will afford but little pleasure,
while they will be hastening to these later times,[5] in which the
strength of this overgrown people has for a long period been working its
own destruction. I, on the contrary, shall seek this, as a reward of my
labour, viz. to withdraw myself from the view of the calamities, which
our age has witnessed for so many years, so long as I am reviewing with
my whole attention these ancient times, being free from every care[6]
that may distract a writer's mind, though it cannot warp it from the
truth. The traditions which have come down to us of what happened before
the building of the city, or before its building was contemplated, as
being suitable rather to the fictions of poetry than to the genuine
records of history, I have no intention either to affirm or refute. This
indulgence is conceded to antiquity, that by blending things human with
divine, it may make the origin of cities appear more venerable: and if
any people might be allowed to consecrate their origin, and to ascribe
it to the gods as its authors, such is the renown of the Roman people in
war, that when they represent Mars, in particular, as their own parent
and that of their founder, the nations of the world may submit to this
as patiently as they submit to their sovereignty.--But in whatever way
these and such like matters shall be attended to, or judged of, I shall
not deem of great importance. I would have every man apply his mind

seriously to consider these points, viz. what their life and what their
manners were; through what men and by what measures, both in peace and
in war, their empire was acquired[7] and extended; then, as discipline
gradually declined, let him follow in his thoughts their morals, at
first as slightly giving way, anon how they sunk more and more, then
began to fall headlong, until he reaches the present times, when we can
neither endure our vices, nor their remedies. This it is which is
particularly salutary and profitable in the study of history, that you
behold instances of every variety of conduct displayed on a conspicuous
monument; that from thence you may select for yourself and for your
country that which you may imitate; thence _note_ what is shameful in
the undertaking, and shameful in the result, which you may avoid. But
either a fond partiality for the task I have undertaken deceives me, or
there never was any state either greater, or more moral, or richer in
good examples, nor one into which luxury and avarice made their entrance
so late, and where poverty and frugality were so much and so long
honoured; so that the less wealth there was, the less desire was there.
Of late, riches have introduced avarice, and excessive pleasures a
longing for them, amidst luxury and a passion for ruining ourselves and
destroying every thing else. But let complaints, which will not be
agreeable even then, when perhaps they will be also necessary, be kept
aloof at least from the first stage of commencing so great a work. We
should rather, if it was usual with us (historians) as it is with poets,
begin with good omens, vows and prayers to the gods and goddesses to
vouchsafe good success to our efforts in so arduous an undertaking.
[Footnote 1: "Employ myself to a useful purpose,"--_facere oper
pretium_, "to do a thing that is worth the trouble,"--"to employ oneself
to a good purpose."--See Scheller's Lat. Lexicon.]
[Footnote 2: "A practice,"--_rem_.--Some, as Baker, refer it to _res
populi R._ Others, as Stroth, to _res pop. Rom. perscribere_.]
[Footnote 3: "My share,"--_pro virili parte_, or, "to the best of my
ability."]
[Footnote 4: "Historians."--Those mentioned by Livy himself are Q.
Fabius Pictor, Valerius Antias, L. Piso, Q. lius Tubero, C. Licinius
Macer, Clius, Polybius, etc.]
[Footnote 5: "Hastening to these later times."--The history of the
recent civil wars would possess a more intense interest for the Romans
of the Augustan age.]
[Footnote 6: "From every care,"--the fear of giving offence by
expressing his opinions freely, and the sorrow, which, as a patriot, he
could not but feel in recording the civil wars of his countrymen.]
[Footnote 7: "Acquired."--This refers to the whole period antecedent to
the time when Ap. Claudius carried the Roman arms beyond Italy against
the Carthaginians; (2) _extended_, from that time till the fall of
Carthage; (3) _sinking_, the times of the Gracchi; (4) _gave way more
and more_, those of Sulla; (5) _precipitate_, those of Csar; (6) _the
present times_, those of Augustus after the battle of
Actium.--_Stocker._]

CHAPTER I.

Now first of all it is sufficiently established that, Troy having been

taken, the utmost severity was shown to all the other Trojans; but that
towards two, neas and Antenor, the Greeks forbore all the rights of
war, both in accordance with an ancient tie of hospitality, and because
they had ever been the advisers of peace, and of the restoration of
Helen--then that Antenor after various vicissitudes came into the
innermost bay of the Adriatic Sea, with a body of the Heneti, who having
been driven from Paphlagonia in consequence of a civil commotion, were
in quest both of a settlement and a leader, their king Pylmenes having
been lost at Troy; and that the Heneti and Trojans, having expelled the
Euganei, who dwelt between the sea and the Alps, took possession of the
country; and the place where they first landed is called Troy; from
whence also the name of Trojan is given to the canton; but the nation in
general is called Veneti: that neas was driven from home by a similar
calamity, but the fates leading him to the founding of a greater empire,
he came first to Macedonia: that he sailed from thence to Sicily in
quest of a settlement: that from Sicily he made for the Laurentine
territory; this place also has the name of Troy. When the Trojans,
having disembarked there, were driving plunder from the lands,--as being
persons to whom, after their almost immeasurable wandering, nothing was
left but their arms and ships,--Latinus the king, and the Aborigines,
who then occupied those places, assembled in arms from the city and
country to repel the violence of the new-comers. On this point the
tradition is two-fold: some say, that Latinus, after being overcome in
battle, made first a peace, and then an alliance with neas: others,
that when the armies were drawn out in battle-array, before the signals
were sounded, Latinus advanced to the front of the troops and invited
the leader of the adventurers to a conference. That he then inquired who
they were, whence (they had come), or by what casualty they had left
their home, and in quest of what they had landed on the Laurentine
territory: after he heard that the host were Trojans, their chief neas,
the son of Anchises and Venus, and that, driven from their own country
and their homes, which had been destroyed by fire, they were seeking a
settlement and a place for building a town, struck with admiration of
the noble origin of the nation and of the hero, and their spirit, alike
prepared for peace or war, he confirmed the assurance of future
friendship by giving his right hand: that upon this a compact was struck
between the chiefs, and mutual greetings passed between the armies: that
neas was hospitably entertained by Latinus: that Latinus, in the
presence of his household gods, added a family league to the public one,
by giving neas his daughter in marriage. This event confirms the
Trojans in the hope of at length terminating their wanderings by a fixed
and permanent settlement. They build a town. neas calls it Lavinium,
after the name of his wife. In a short time, too, a son was the issue of
the new marriage, to whom his parents gave the name of Ascanius.
2. The Aborigines and Trojans were soon after attacked together in war.
Turnus, king of the Rutulians, to whom Lavinia had been affianced before
the coming of neas, enraged that a stranger had been preferred to
himself, made war on neas and Latinus together. Neither side came off
from that contest with cause for rejoicing. The Rutulians were
vanquished; the victorious Aborigines and Trojans lost their leader
Latinus. Upon this Turnus and the Rutulians, diffident of their
strength, have recourse to the flourishing state of the Etruscans, and
their king Mezentius; who holding his court at Cre, at that time an
opulent town, being by no means pleased, even from the commencement, at
the founding of the new city, and then considering that the Trojan power
was increasing much more than was altogether consistent with the safety

of the neighbouring states, without reluctance joined his forces in

alliance with the Rutulians. neas, in order to conciliate the minds of
the Aborigines to meet the terror of so serious a war, called both
nations Latins, so that they might all be not only under the same laws,
but also the same name. Nor after that did the Aborigines yield to the
Trojans in zeal and fidelity towards their king neas; relying therefore
on this disposition of the two nations, who were now daily coalescing
more and more, although Etruria was so powerful, that it filled with the
fame of its prowess not only the land, but the sea also, through the
whole length of Italy, from the Alps to the Sicilian Strait, though he
might have repelled the war by means of fortifications, yet he led out
his forces to the field. Upon this a battle ensued successful to the
Latins, the last also of the mortal acts of neas. He was buried, by
whatever name human and divine laws require him to be called,[8] on the
banks of the river Numicius. They call him Jupiter Indiges.
[Footnote 8: neas, being now deified, could not be called by his human
name; and in speaking of his being buried, it would be improper to name
him by his divine title. _---- Indigetem_. He is called by Dionysius
.]
3. Asca
us, th s f as, was t yt ld  ugh t tak th
gvr m t up h
m; that gvr m t, hwvr, rma
d scur fr h
m
t
ll th ag f matur
ty. I th
tr
m, th Lat
stat a d th
k
gdm f h
s gra dfathr a d fathr was scurd fr th by u dr th
rg cy f h
s mthr (such capac
ty was thr
Lav

a). I hav sm
dubts (fr wh ca stat as crta
a mattr f such a t
u
ty) whthr
th
s was th Asca
us, r   ldr tha h, br f rusa bfr th
fall f Try, a d th cmpa
 f h
s fathr
h
s fl
ght frm th c,
th sam whm, b
g calld Iulus, th Jul
a fam
ly call th authr f
th
r am. Th
s Asca
us, whrsvr a d f whatvr mthr br , (
t

s at last crta
that h was th s f as,) Lav

um b
g
vrstckd w
th
hab
ta ts, lft that flur
sh
g a d, c s
dr
g
ths t
ms, walthy c
ty t h
s mthr r stp-mthr, a d bu
lt fr
h
mslf a w   at th ft f Mu t Alba, wh
ch, b
g xt dd 
th r
dg f a h
ll, was, frm
ts s
tuat
 , calld L ga Alba. Btw
th fu d
g f Lav

um a d th tra spla t
g th
s cl y t L ga
Alba, abut th
rty yars
trv d. Yt
ts pwr had
crasd t such
a dgr, spc
ally aftr th dfat f th Etrur
a s, that t v
up th dath f as, r aftr that, dur
g th rg cy f Lav

a,
a d th f
rst ssays f th yu g pr
c's r
g , d
d Mz t
us, th
Etrur
a s, r a y thr f
ts 
ghburs dar t tak up arms aga
st

t. A pac had b c cludd btw th tw at
 s  ths trms,
that th r
vr Albula, w calld T
br, shuld b th cmm bu dary
btw th Etrur
a s a d Lat
s. Aftr h
m Sylv
us, th s f
Asca
us, br by sm acc
d t
a wd, asc ds th thr . H was
th fathr f as Sylv
us, wh aftrwards bgt Lat
us Sylv
us. By
h
m svral cl
s, calld th a c
 t Lat
s, wr tra spla td. Frm
th
s t
m, all th pr
cs, wh r
g d at Alba, had th sur am f
Sylv
us. Frm Lat
us spru g Alba; frm Alba, Atys; frm Atys, apys;
frm apys, aptus; frm aptus, T
br
us, wh, b
g drw d

crss
g th r
vr Albula, gav
t a am famus w
th pstr
ty. Th
Agr
ppa, th s f T
br
us; aftr Agr
ppa, Rmulus S
lv
us asc ds
th thr ,
succss
 t h
s fathr. Th lattr, hav
g b k
lld
by a thu drblt, lft th k
gdm t Av t
us, wh b
g bur
d 
that h
ll, wh
ch
s w part f th c
ty f Rm, gav h
s am t
t.
Aftr h
m r
g s Prca; h bgts Num
tr a d Amul
us. T Num
tr, h
s
ldst s , h buaths th a c
 t k
gdm f th Sylv
a fam
ly. But
frc prva
ld mr tha th fathr's w
ll r th rspct du t
s
r
ty: fr Amul
us, hav
g xplld h
s brthr, s
zs th k
gdm;

h adds cr
m t cr
m, murdrs h
s brthr's mal
ssu; a d u dr

prt c f d
g h
s brthr's daughtr, Rha Sylv
a, h ur, hav
g
mad hr a vstal v
rg
, by bl
g
g hr t prptual v
rg

ty h
dpr
vs hr f all hps f
ssu.
4. But,
my p

 , th r
g
f s grat a c
ty, a d th
stabl
shm t f a mp
r xt
pwr t that f th gds, was du t
th Fats. Th vstal Rha, b
g dflwrd by frc, wh sh had
brught frth tw
s, dclars Mars t b th fathr f hr
llg
t
mat
ffspr
g, 
thr bcaus sh bl
vd
t t b s, r bcaus a gd was
a mr crd
tabl authr f hr ff c. But 
thr gds r m
prtct hr r hr ch
ldr frm th k
g's crulty: th pr
stss
s
bu d a d thrw
t pr
s ; th ch
ldr h cmma ds t b thrw
t
th curr t f th r
vr. By sm
trps
t
 f prv
d c,[9] th
T
br hav
g vrflwd
ts ba ks
stag a t pls, d
d t adm
t f
a y accss t th rgular bd f th r
vr; a d th barrs suppsd
that th
fa ts culd b drw d
watr hwvr st
ll; thus, as
f
thy had ffctually xcutd th k
g's rdrs, thy xps th bys

th arst la d-fld, whr w sta ds th f
cus Rum
al
s (thy say
that
t was calld Rmular
s). Th cu try thrabut was th a vast
w
ldr ss. Th trad
t

s, that wh th watr, subs
d
g, had lft
th flat
g trugh,
wh
ch th ch
ldr had b xpsd,  dry
gru d, a th
rsty sh-wlf, cm
g frm th 
ghbur
g mu ta
s,
d
rctd hr curs t th cr
s f th
fa ts, a d that sh hld dw
hr dugs t thm w
th s much g tl ss, that th kpr f th k
g's
flck fu d hr l
ck
g th bys w
th hr t gu. It
s sa
d h
s am
was Faustulus; a d that thy wr carr
d by h
m t h
s hmstad t b
ursd by h
s w
f Laur t
a. Sm ar f p

 that sh was calld
Lupa am g th shphrds, frm hr b
g a cmm prst
tut, a d that
th
s gav r
s t th surpr
s
g stry. Th ch
ldr thus br a d thus
brught up, wh arr
vd at th yars f ma hd, d
d t l
tr away
th
r t
m
t d
g th flds r fllw
g th flcks, but ramd a d
hu td
th frsts. Hav
g by th
s xrc
s
mprvd th
r str gth
a d curag, thy t  ly  cu trd w
ld basts, but v attackd
rbbrs lad w
th plu dr, a d aftrwards d
v
dd th sp
l am g th
shphrds. A d
cmpa y w
th ths, th umbr f th
r yu g
assc
ats da
ly
cras
g, thy carr
d  th
r bus
ss a d th
r
sprts.
[Ft t 9: _Frt udam d
v

tus_. . Plu.]
5. They say, ha he fes
val of he luperal, as ow elebraed, was
eve a ha 
me solem
zed o he Pala
e h
ll, wh
h, from
Pala eum, a 
y of Arad
a, was f
rs alled Pala
um, a d aferwards
Mou  Pala
e. There hey say ha Eva der, who belo ged o he r
be
of Arad
a s,[10] ha for ma y years before had possessed ha ou ry,
appo
ed he observa e of a feas,
rodued from Arad
a,
suh
ma er, ha you g me ra abou aked
spor a d wa o ess, do
g
ho our o Pa Lyus, whom he Roma s aferwards alled I uus. Tha he
robbers, hrough rage a he loss of he
r booy, hav
g la

wa

for hem wh
ls
e  o h
s spor, as he fes
val was ow well
k ow , wh
ls Romulus v
gorously defe ded h
mself, ook Remus pr
so er;
ha hey del
vered h
m up, whe ake , o k
g Amul
us, aus
g h
m
w
h he umos effro ery. They pr

pally alleged
 as a harge
aga
s hem, ha hey had made
urs
o s upo Num
or's la ds, a d
plu dered hem
a hos
le ma er, hav
g assembled a ba d of you g me
for he purpose. Upo h
s Remus was del
vered o Num
or o be
pu
shed. Now, from he very f
rs, Fausulus had e era
ed hopes ha
he boys whom he was br
g
g up were of he blood royal; for he boh
k ew ha he h
ldre had bee exposed by he k
g's orders, a d ha

he 
me a wh
h he had ake hem up agreed exaly w
h ha per
od:
bu he had bee u w
ll
g ha he maer, as o be
g ye r
pe for
d
sovery, should be d
slosed, 
ll e
her a f
 opporu
y or
eess
y should ar
se. Neess
y ame f
rs; aord
gly, ompelled by
fear, he d
sovers he whole affa
r o Romulus. By a
de  also, wh
ls
he had Remus
usody, a d had heard ha he brohers were w
s, o
ompar
g he
r age, a d _observ
g_ he
r ur of m
d e 
rely free
from serv
l
y, he reolle
o of h
s gra d-h
ldre sruk Num
or;
a d o mak
g
qu
r
es[11] he arr
ved a he same o lus
o , so ha
he was well
gh reog
s
g Remus. Thus a plo
s o ered for he
k
g o all s
des. Romulus, o aompa
ed by a body of you g me , (for
he was u equal o ope fore,) bu hav
g omma ded he shepherds o
ome o he palae by d
ffere  roads a a f
xed 
me, fores h
s way o
he k
g; a d Remus, w
h a oher pary from Num
or's house, ass
ss
h
s broher, a d so hey k
ll he k
g.
[Foo oe 10: S
l. "The Palla ea ."]
[Foo oe 11: By all h
s
qu
r
es he arr
ved a he same o lus
o
before, v
z. ha hey were h
s gra d-h
ldre .]

as

6. Num
or, a he beg

g of he fray, hav
g g
ve ou ha e em
es
had
vaded he 
y, a d assauled he palae, afer he had draw off
he Alba youh o seure he 
adel w
h a garr
so a d arms, whe he
saw he you g me , afer hey had k
lled he k
g, adva 
g o
o graulae h
m,
mmed
aely alled a assembly of he people, a d
represe ed o hem he u aural behav
our of h
s broher owards h
m,
he exra
o of h
s gra d-h
ldre , he ma er of he
r b
rh a d
edua
o , a d how hey ame o be d
sovered; he he
formed hem of
he k
g's deah, a d ha he was k
lled by h
s orders. Whe he you g
pr
es, om
g up w
h he
r ba d hrough he m
ddle of he assembly,
salued he
r gra dfaher k
g, a approv
g shou, follow
g from all
he people prese , ra
f
ed o h
m boh ha 
le a d he sovere
g y.
Thus he gover me  of Alba be
g omm
ed o Num
or, a des
re se
zed
Romulus a d Remus o bu
ld a 
y o he spo where hey had bee
exposed a d brough up. A d here was a overflow
g popula
o of
Alba s a d of La
s. The shepherds oo had ome
o ha des
g , a d
all hese read
ly
sp
red hopes, ha Alba a d Lav

um would be bu
pey plaes
ompar
so w
h he 
y wh
h hey
e ded o bu
ld.
Bu amb

o of he sovere
g y, he ba e of he
r gra dfaher,

erruped hese des
g s, a d he e arose a shameful quarrel from a
beg

g suff

e ly am
able. For as hey were w
s, a d he respe
due o se
or
y ould o deerm
e he po
, hey agreed o leave o
he uelary gods of he plae o hoose, by augury, wh
h should g
ve a
ame o he ew 
y, wh
h gover
 whe bu
l.
7. Romulus hose he Pala
e a d Remus he Ave 
e h
ll as he
r
sa ds o make he
r observa
o s. I
s sa
d, ha o Remus a ome
ame f
rs, s
x vulures; a d ow, he ome hav
g bee delared, whe
double he umber prese ed
self o Romulus, h
s ow pary salued
eah k
g; he former la
med he k
gdom o he grou d of pr
or
y of

me, he laer o aou  of he umber of b
rds. Upo h
s, hav
g
me
a alera
o , from he o es of a gry feel
gs hey ur o
bloodshed; here Remus fell from a blow ree
ved
he rowd. A more
ommo aou 
s, ha Remus,
der
s
o of h
s broher, leaped over
h
s ew-bu
l wall, a d was, for ha reaso , sla
by Romulus
a
pass
o ; who, afer sharply h
d
g h
m, added words o h
s effe: "So
shall every o e fare, who shall dare o leap over my
for
f
a
o s."[12] Thus Romulus go he sovere
g y o h
mself; he

y, whe bu
l, was alled afer he ame of
s fou der. H
s f
rs

work was o for
fy he Pala
e h
ll where he had bee eduaed. To he
oher gods he offers sar
f
es aord
g o he Alba r
e; o
Herules, aord
g o he Gre
a r
e, as hey had bee
s
ued by
Eva der. There
s a rad

o , ha Herules, hav
g k
lled Geryo ,
drove h
s oxe , wh
h were exremely beau
ful,
o hose plaes; a d
ha, afer sw
mm
g over he T
ber, a d dr
v
g he ale before h
m,
be
g fa
gued w
h ravell
g, he la
d h
mself dow o he ba ks of he
r
ver,
a grassy plae, o refresh hem w
h res a d r
h pasure.
Whe sleep had overpowered h
m, sa
aed w
h food a d w
e, a shepherd
of he plae, amed Caus, presum
g o h
s sre gh, a d harmed w
h
he beauy of he oxe , w
shed o purlo
ha booy, bu beause,
f he
had dr
ve hem forward
o he ave, he
r fooseps would have gu
ded
he searh of he
r ow er h
her, he herefore drew he mos beau
ful
of hem, o e by o e, by he a
ls, bakwards
o a ave. Herules,
awak
g a day-break, whe he had surveyed h
s herd, a d observed ha
some of hem were m
ss
g, goes d
rely o he eares ave, o see
f
by ha e he
r fooseps would lead h
m h
her. Bu whe he observed
ha hey were all ur ed from
, a d d
reed h
m o oher way,
o fou ded, a d o k ow
g wha o do, he bega o dr
ve h
s ale
ou of ha u luky plae. Upo h
s, some of he ows, as hey usually
do, lowed o m
ss
g hose ha were lef; a d he low
gs of hose ha
were o f
ed be
g reur ed from he ave, made Herules ur ha way.
A d whe Caus aemped o preve  h
m by fore, as he was proeed
g
o he ave, be
g sruk w
h a lub, he was sla
, va
ly
mplor
g
he ass
sa e of he shepherds. A ha 
me Eva der, who had fled from
he Pelopo esus, ruled h
s ou ry more by h
s red
 a d repua
o
ha absolue sway. He was a perso h
ghly revered for h
s wo drous
k owledge of leers,[13] a d
sovery ha was e 
rely ew a d
surpr
s
g o me
g ora  of every ar; bu more h
ghly respeed o
aou  of he supposed d
v

y of h
s moher Carme a, whom hese
a
o s had adm
red as a propheess, before he om
g of he S
byl
o
Ialy. Th
s pr
e, alarmed by he o ourse of he shepherds has
ly
rowd
g rou d he sra ger, whom hey harged w
h ope murder, afer
he heard he a a d he ause of he a, observ
g he perso a d m
e
of he hero o be larger, a d h
s ga
 more majes
, ha huma , asked
who he was? As soo as he was
formed of h
s ame, h
s faher, a d h
s
a
ve ou ry, he sa
d, "Ha
l! Herules! so of Jup
er, my moher, a
ruh-ell
g
erpreer of he gods, has revealed o me, ha hou
shal
rease he umber of he eles
als; a d ha o hee a alar
shall be ded
aed here, wh
h some ages he e he mos powerful people
o earh shall all Ara Max
ma, a d ho our aord
g o hy ow

s
u
o ." Herules hav
g g
ve h
m h
s r
gh ha d, sa
d, "Tha he
aeped he ome , a d would fulf
l he pred

o s of he faes, by
bu
ld
g a d o sera
g a alar." There for he f
rs 
me a
sar
f
e was offered o Herules of a hose he
fer, ake from he
herd, he Po


a d P
ar

, who were he he mos d
s
gu
shed
fam
l
es ha
hab
ed hese pars, hav
g bee
v
ed o he serv
e
a d he e era
me . I so happe ed ha he Po


were prese 

due 
me, a d he e ra
ls were se before hem; whe hey were eae
up, he P
ar

ame o he rema
der of he feas. From h
s 
me

was orda
ed, ha wh
le he P
ar
a fam
ly subs
sed, o e of hem
should ea of he e ra
ls of he solem sar
f
es. The Po


, be
g

srued by Eva der, d
sharged h
s sared fu 
o as pr
ess for
ma y ages, u 
l he off
e, solem ly appropr
aed o he
r fam
ly,
be
g delegaed o publ
 slaves, he
r whole rae beame ex
. Th
s
was he o ly fore
g rel
g
ous
s
u
o wh
h Romulus adoped, be
g
eve he a abeor of
mmoral
y aa
ed by mer
, o wh
h h
s ow
des

es were o du
g h
m.
[Foo oe 12: Aord
g o Cao, Rome was fou ded o he day of he

_Pal
l
a_, he 11h of he Cale ds of May,
he f
rs year of he 7h
Olymp
ad, a d 751 B.C. Th
s
s wo years shor of Varro's ompua
o .]
[Foo oe 13: He augh he Ial
a s o read a d wr
e.]
8. The du
es of rel
g
o hav
g bee duly performed, a d he mul
ude
summo ed o a mee
g, as hey ould be
orporaed
o o e people by
o oher mea s ha f
xed rules, he gave hem a ode of laws, a d
judg
g ha hese would be bes respeed by h
s rude lass of me ,
f
he made h
mself d
g
f
ed by he
s
g
a of auhor
y, he assumed a
more majes
 appeara e boh
h
s oher appo
me s, a d espe
ally
by ak
g welve l
ors o ae d h
m. Some h
k ha he hose h
s
umber of off
ers from ha of he b
rds, wh
h
he augury had
pore ded he k
gdom o h
m. I do o obje o be of he op

o of
hose who w
ll have
 ha he appar
ors (
ge eral), a d h
s
par
ular lass of hem,[14] a d eve he
r umber, was ake from
he
r e
ghbours he Erur
a s, from whom were borrowed he urule
ha
r, a d he gow edged w
h purple; a d ha he Erur
a s adoped
ha umber, beause he
r k
g be
g eleed
ommo from welve
saes, eah sae ass
g ed h
m o e l
or. Mea wh
le he 
y
reased
by he
r ak
g
var
ous los of grou d for bu
ld
gs, wh
ls hey
bu
l raher w
h a v
ew o fuure umbers, ha for he popula
o [15]
wh
h hey he had. The , les he s
ze of he 
y m
gh be of o
ava
l,
order o augme  he popula
o , aord
g o he a 
e 
pol
y of he fou ders of 

es, who, afer draw
g ogeher o hem a
obsure a d mea mul
ude, used o fe
g ha he
r offspr
g spru g
ou of he earh, he ope ed as a sa uary, a plae wh
h
s ow
e losed as you go dow "o he wo groves."[16] H
her fled from he
e
ghbour
g saes, w
hou d
s

o wheher freeme or slaves,
rowds of all sors, des
rous of ha ge: a d h
s was he f
rs
aess
o of sre gh o he
r r
s
g grea ess. Whe he was ow o
d
ssa
sf
ed w
h h
s sre gh, he ex ses abou form
g some mea s of
d
re
g ha sre gh. He reaes o e hu dred se aors, e
her beause
ha umber was suff

e , or beause here were o ly o e hu dred who
ould ame he
r fahers. They era
ly were alled Fahers, hrough
respe, a d he
r dese da s, Par

a s.[17]
[Foo oe 14: _Appar
ores ho ge us_. There
s someh
g
orre

he la guage of he or
g
al here. I my vers
o I have followed
Drake borh. Walker,
h
s ed

o , proposes o read _u_ for _e_;
hus, _qu
bus u appar
ores e ho ge us ab Erus
s ---- umerum
quoque
psum duum plae, "who w
ll have
, ha as publ
 serva s
of h
s k
d, so was he
r umber also, der
ved from he Erur
a s_."]
[Foo oe 15: The popula
o a ha 
me o s
sed of o more ha
3,000 foo, a d less ha 300 horse. A he deah of Romulus,

s sa
d
o have amou ed o 46,000 foo a d almos 1,000 horse.]
[Foo oe 16:
. D
o.

.
15.]
[Foo oe 17: _Ex
dusr
a_--_ded
 oper_-- .]
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[Ftnte 27: _Pntificem_, sci. Maximm.]
[Ftnte 28:
_Eicint c te, Jpiter: nde minres
Nnc qqe te ceebrant, Eicimqe vcant_.
Ov. F. iii. 327.]
21. The whe mtitde havin been diverted frm vience and arms t
the cnsiderin and adjstin these matters, bth their minds had been
enaed in din smethin, and the cnstant watchfness f the ds
nw impressed pn them, as the deity f heaven seemed t interest
itsef in hman cncerns, had fied the breasts f a with sch piety,
that faith and reiis biatins verned the state, n ess than
fear f the aws and f pnishment. And whie[29] the pepe were
mdin themseves after the mras f the in, as their best exampe,
the neihbrin states as, wh had frmery thht that it was a
camp, nt a city, sitate in the midst f them t distrb the enera
peace, were brht (t fee) sch respect fr them that they cnsidered
it impis that a state, why ccpied in the wrship f the ds,
shd be mested. There was a rve, the midde f which was irriated
by a sprin f rnnin water, issin frm a dar rtt. As Nma went
ften thither ane, nder pretence f cnferrin with the ddess, he
dedicated the pace t the Mses, becase their meetins with his wife
Eeria were hed there. He as institted a yeary festiva t Faith
ane, and cmmanded the priests t be carried t her tempe in an
arched charit drawn by tw hrses, and t perfrm the divine service
with their hands wrapt p t the finers, intimatin that Faith ht t
be prtected, and that her seat ht t be sacred even in men's riht
hands. He institted many ther sacred rites, and dedicated paces fr
perfrmin them, which the priests ca Arei. Bt the reatest f a
his wrs was his maintenance f peace, drin the whe perid f his
rein, n ess than f his rya prerative. Ths tw ins in
sccessin, by different methds, the ne by war, the ther by peace,
arandized the state. Rms reined thirty-seven years, Nma
frty-three: the state was bth strn and we versed in the arts f
war and peace.
[Ftnte 29: _Cm ipsi se ---- frmarent, tm finitimi etiam_, etc.
Sme f the editrs f Livy have remared n this passae, that _cm_
when answerin t _tm_ may be jined t a sbjnctive, as here; the
fact hwever is, that _cm_ here des nt answer t _tm_ at a; _cm_
is here "whist,"--and s necessariy reqires the verb t be in the
sbjnctive md.]
22. Upn the death f Nma, the administratin retrned aain t an
interrenm. After that the pepe appinted as in, Ts Hstiis,
the randsn f that Hstiis wh had made the nbe stand aainst the
Sabines at the ft f the citade. The fathers cnfirmed the chice. He
was nt ny nie the precedin in, bt was even f a mre warie
dispsitin than Rms. Bth his yth and strenth, and the renwn f
his randfather, stimated his ambitin. Thinin therefre that the
state was becmin anid thrh qiet, he every where sht fr
pretexts fr stirrin p war. It happened that sme Rman and Aban
peasants had mtay pndered each ther's ands. C. Ciis at that

time verned Aba. Frm bth sides ambassadrs were sent amst at the
same time, t demand restittin. Ts rdered his t attend t
nthin befre their instrctins. He new we that the Aban wd
refse, and that s war miht be prcaimed n jst rnds. Their
cmmissin was exected mre remissy by the Abans. Fr bein
crtesy and indy entertained by Ts, they pitey avai
themseves f the in's hspitaity. Meanwhie the Rmans had bth been
first in demandin restittin, and, pn the refsa f the Abans, had
prcaimed war after an interva f thirty days: f this they ive
Ts ntice. Upn this he ranted the Aban ambassadrs an pprtnity
f statin what they came t demand. They, inrant f a, waste sme
time in main apies: "That it was with the tmst rectance they
shd say any thin which was nt peasin t Ts; bt they were
cmpeed by their rders. That they had cme t demand restittin; and
if this be nt made, they were cmmanded t decare war." T this Ts
made answer, "G te yr in, that the in f the Rmans taes the
ds t witness, which f the tw natins hath with cntempt first
dismissed the ambassadrs demandin restittin, that n it they may
visit a the caamities f this war." The Abans carry hme these
tidins.
23. War was prepared fr n bth sides with the tmst vir, very ie
t a civi war, in a manner between parents and chidren: bth bein
Trjan ffsprin; fr frm Try came Lavinim, frm Lavinim Aba, and
the Rmans were descended frm the race f Aban ins. Bt the rest
f the war rendered the qarre ess distressin, fr they never came t
any actin; and, when the hses ny f ne f the cities had been
demished, the tw states were incrprated int ne. The Abans first
made an irrptin int the Rman territries with a are army. They
pitch their camp nt abve five mies frm the city, and srrnd it
with a trench, which, fr severa aes, was caed the Ciian trench,
frm the name f the enera, ti, in prcess f time, the name,
tether with the thin itsef, were bth frtten. In that camp
Ciis, the Aban in, dies; the Abans create Metts[30] Fffetis
dictatr. In the mean time, Ts bein in hih spirits, especiay n
the death f the in, and ivin t that the spreme pwer f the
ds, havin ben at the head, wd tae veneance n the whe Aban
natin fr this impis war, havin passed the enemy's camp in the
niht-time, marches with a hstie army int the Aban territry. This
circmstance drew t Metts frm his camp iewise; he eads his frces
as near as he can t the enemy; frm thence he cmmands a herad,
despatched by him, t te Ts that a cnference was expedient befre
they came t an enaement; and that if he wd ive him a meetin, he
was certain he shd addce matters which cncerned the interest f
Rme nt ess than that f Aba. Ts nt sihtin the prpsa,
thh the advances made were f itte avai, draws t his men in
rder f batte; the Abans n their part cme t as. As bth armies
std in batte-array, the chiefs, with a few f the principa fficers,
advance int the midde between them. Then the Aban cmmences ths:
[31]"That injries and the nn-restittin f prperty accrdin t
treaty, when demanded, were the case f this war, methins I bth heard
r Kin Ciis (assert), and I dbt nt, Ts, bt that y state
the same thin. Bt if the trth is t be td, rather than that which
is pasibe, the desire f dminin stimates tw indred and
neihbrin states t arms. Nr d I tae pn mysef t determine
whether rihty r wrny: be that his cnsideratin wh cmmenced the
war. The Abans have made me their eader fr carryin n the war. Of
this, Ts, I wd wish t warn y; hw pwerf the Etrscan state
is arnd s, and rnd y particary, y nw better (than we),
inasmch as y are nearer them. They are very pwerf by and,

extremey s by sea. Recect that, when y sha ive the sina fr
batte, these tw armies wi presenty be a spectace t them; and they
may fa n s wearied and exhasted, victr and vanqished tether.
Therefre, in the name f heaven, since, nt cntent with certain
iberty, we are incrrin the dbis ris f svereinty and savery,
et s adpt sme methd, whereby, witht mch ss, witht mch bd
f either natin, it may be decided which sha re the ther."--The
prpsa is nt dispeasin t Ts, thh bth frm the natra bent
f his mind, as as frm the hpe f victry, he was rather incined t
vience. After sme cnsideratin, a pan is adpted n bth sides, fr
which Frtne hersef affrded the materias.
[Ftnte 30: _Metts_. Grnvis and Beer read _Mettis_; Niebhr
as prefers _Mettis_; he cnceives that the Latin _prnmina_ and the
Rman _nmina_ terminated in _is_.]
[Ftnte 31: _Injrias et nn redditas_, etc. The cnstrctin is, _et
e vider adisse reem nstrm Ciim (pr se ferre) injrias et nn
redditas res ... nec dbit te ferre eadem pr te, Te_.]
24. It happened that there were in each f the tw armies three
brthers[32] brn at ne birth, neqa neither in ae nr strenth.
That they were caed Hratii and Criatii is certain enh; nr is
there any circmstance f antiqity mre ceebrated; yet in a matter s
we ascertained, a dbt remains cncernin their names, t which
natin the Hratii and t which the Criatii bened. Athrs caim
them fr bth sides; yet I find mre wh ca the Hratii Rmans. My
incinatin eads me t fw them. The ins cnfer with the three
brthers, that they shd fiht with their swrds each in defence f
their respective cntry; (assrin them) that dminin wd be n that
side n which victry shd be. N bjectin is made; time and pace
are areed n. Befre they enaed, a cmpact is entered int between
the Rmans and Abans n these cnditins, that the state whse
champins shd cme ff victris in that cmbat, shd re the
ther state witht frther dispte. Different treaties are made n
different terms, bt they are a cncded in the same enera methd.
We have heard that it was then cncded as fws, nr is there a mre
ancient recrd f any treaty. A herad ased in Ts ths, "D y
cmmand me, O in, t cncde a treaty with the pater patrats f the
Aban pepe?" After the in had iven cmmand, he said, "I demand
vervain f thee, O in." T which the in repied, "Tae sme that is
pre." The herad brht a pre bade f rass frm the citade; aain
he ased the in ths, "Dst th, O in, appint me the rya
deeate f the Rman pepe, the Qirites? _incdin_ my vesses and
attendants?" The in answered, "That which may be dne witht
detriment t me and t the Rman pepe, the Qirites, I d." The herad
was M. aeris, wh appinted Sp. Fsis pater patrats, tchin his
head and hair with the vervain. The pater patrats is appinted "ad
jsjrandm patrandm," that is, t ratify the treaty; and he es
thrh it in a reat many wrds, which, bein expressed in a n set
frm, it is nt wrth whie repeatin. After settin frth the
cnditins, he says, "Hear, O Jpiter; hear, O pater patrats f the
Aban pepe, and ye, Aban pepe, hear. As thse (cnditins), frm
first t ast, have been recited peny frm thse tabets r wax
witht wiced frad, and as they have been mst crrecty nderstd
here this day, frm thse cnditins the Rman pepe wi nt be the
first t swerve. If they first swerve by pbic cncert, by wiced
frad, n that day d th, O Jpiter, s strie the Rman pepe, as I
sha here this day strie this swine; and d th strie them s mch
the mre, as th art mre abe and mre pwerf." When he said this,

he strc the swine with a fint stne. The Abans iewise went thrh
their wn frm and ath by their wn dictatr and priests.
[Ftnte 32: _Three brthers brn at ne birth_. Dinys. iii. 14,
describes them as csin-ermans. id. Wachsmth, p. 147. Niebhr, i. p.
342.]
25. The treaty bein cncded, the twin-brthers, as had been areed,
tae arms. Whist their respective friends exhrtiny reminded each
party "that their cntry's ds, their cntry and parents, a their
cntrymen bth at hme and in the army, had their eyes then fixed n
their arms, n their hands; natray brave, and animated by the
exhrtatins f their friends, they advance int the midst between the
tw ines." The tw armies sat dwn befre their respective camps, free
rather frm present daner than frm anxiety: fr the sverein pwer
was at stae, dependin n the var and frtne f s few.
Accrdiny, therefre, eaer and anxis, they have their attentin
intensey riveted n a spectace far frm peasin. The sina is iven:
and the three yths n each side, as if in batte-array, rsh t the
chare with determined fry, bearin in their breasts the spirits f
mihty armies: nr d the ne r the ther reard their persna daner;
the pbic dminin r savery is present t their mind, and the
frtne[33] f their cntry, which was ever after destined t be sch
as they shd nw estabish it. As sn as their arms cashed n the
first encnter, and their brnished swrds ittered, reat hrrr
stries the spectatrs; and, hpe incinin t neither side, their vice
and breath were sspended. Then havin enaed hand t hand, when nt
ny the mvements f their bdies, and the rapid brandishins f their
arms and weapns, bt wnds as and bd were seen, tw f the Rmans
fe ifeess, ne pn the ther, the three Abans bein wnded. And
when the Aban army raised a sht f jy at their fa, hpe entirey,
anxiety hwever nt yet, deserted the Rman eins, aarmed fr the t
f the ne, whm the three Criatii srrnded. He happened t be
nhrt, s that, thh ane he was by n means a match fr them a
tether, yet he was cnfident aainst each siny. In rder therefre
t separate their attac, he taes t fiht, presmin that they wd
prse him with sch swiftness as the wnded state f his bdy wd
sffer each. He had nw fed a cnsiderabe distance frm the pace
where they had fht, when, in behind, he perceives them prsin
him at reat intervas frm each ther; and that ne f them was nt far
frm him. On him he trned rnd with reat fry. And whist the Aban
army shts t t the Criatii t sccr their brther, Hratis,
victris in havin sain his antanist, was nw prceedin t a
secnd attac. Then the Rmans encrae their champin with a sht
sch as is say (iven) by persns cheerin in cnseqence f
nexpected sccess: he as hastens t pt an end t the cmbat.
Wherefre befre the ther, wh was nt far ff, cd cme p he
despatches the secnd Criatis as. And nw, the cmbat bein brht
t an eqaity f nmbers, ne n each side remained, bt they were
eqa neither in hpe nr in strenth. The ne his bdy ntched by a
weapn, and a dbe victry made craes fr a third cntest: the
ther drain an his bdy exhasted frm the wnd, exhasted frm
rnnin, and dispirited by the sahter f his brethren befre his
eyes, presents himsef t his victris antanist. Nr was that a
fiht. The Rman, extin, says, "Tw I have ffered t the shades f
my brthers: the third I wi ffer t the case f this war, that the
Rman may re ver the Aban." He thrsts his swrd dwn int his
thrat, whist fainty sstainin the weiht f his armr: he strips
him as he ies prstrate. The Rmans receive Hratis with trimph and
cnratatin; with s mch the reater jy, as sccess had fwed s

cse n fear. They then trn t the bria f their friends with
dispsitins by n means aie; fr the ne side was eated with (the
acqisitin f) empire, the ther sbjected t frein jrisdictin:
their sepchres are sti extant in the pace where each fe; the tw
Rman nes in ne pace nearer t Aba, the three Aban nes twards
Rme; bt distant in sitatin frm each ther, and jst as they
fht.[34]
[Ftnte 33: The rder is: _frtna patri deinde ftra ea qam ipsi
f. (anim bvers.)_; the frtne f their cntry, the hih r hmbe
character f which fr the ftre depended n their exertins n that
ccasin.]
[Ftnte 34: The tw Rman champins, we have seen, fe in the ne
pace, _sper aim ais_; cnseqenty were bried tether; whist
the Criatii fe in different paces, as Hratis cntrived t separate
them t avid their jint attac.]
26. Befre they parted frm thence, when Metts, in cnfrmity t the
treaty which had been cncded, ased what rders he had t ive,
Ts rders him t eep the yth in arms, that he desined t empy
them, if a war shd brea t with the eientes. After this bth
armies retrned t their hmes. Hratis marched fremst, carryin
befre him the spis f the three brthers: his sister, a maiden wh
had been betrthed t ne f the Criatii, met him befre the ate
Capena: and havin recnized her ver's miitary rbe, which she
hersef had wrht, n her brther's shders, she tre her hair, and
with bitter waiins caed by name n her deceased ver. The sister's
amentatins in the midst f his wn victry, and f sch reat pbic
rejicins, raised the indinatin f the excited yth. Havin
therefre drawn his swrd, he rn the damse thrh the bdy, at the
same time chidin her in these wrds: "G hence, with thy nseasnabe
ve t thy spse, fretf f thy dead brthers, and f him wh
srvives, fretf f thy native cntry. S perish every Rman wman
wh sha mrn an enemy." This actin seemed shcin t the fathers
and t the pepe; bt his recent services tweihed its it.
Nevertheess he was carried befre the in fr jdment. The in, that
he himsef miht nt be the athr f a decisin s meanchy, and s
disareeabe t the pepe, r f the pnishment cnseqent n that
decisin, havin smmned an assemby f the pepe, says, "I appint,
accrdin t aw, dmvirs t pass sentence n Hratis fr
[35]treasn." The aw was f dreadf imprt. [36]"Let the dmvirs pass
sentence fr treasn. If he appea frm the dmvirs, et him cntend by
appea; if they sha ain the case,[37] cver his head; han him by a
rpe frm a aws; scre him either within the pmrim r
witht the pmrim." When the dmvirs appinted by this aw, wh
did nt cnsider that, accrdin t the aw, they cd [38]acqit even
an inncent persn, had fnd him ity; ne f them says, "P.
Hratis, I jde thee ity f treasn. G, ictr, bind his hands."
The ictr had apprached him, and was fixin the rpe. Then Hratis,
by the advice f Ts,[39] a favrabe interpreter f the aw, says,
"I appea." Accrdiny the matter was cntested by appea t the
pepe. On that tria persns were mch affected, especiay by P.
Hratis the father decarin, that he cnsidered his dahter
deservedy sain; were it nt s, that he wd by his athrity as a
father have inficted pnishment n his sn.[40] He then entreated that
they wd nt render chidess him whm bt a itte whie a they had
behed with a fine preny. Drin these wrds the d man, havin
embraced the yth, pintin t the spis f the Criatii fixed p in
that pace which is nw caed Pia Hratia, "Rmans," said he, "can y

bear t see bnd beneath a aws amidst scres and trtres, him
whm y jst nw behed marchin decrated (with spis) and extin
in victry; a siht s shcin as the eyes even f the Abans cd
scarcey endre. G, ictr, bind thse hands, which bt a itte whie
since, bein armed, estabished svereinty fr the Rman pepe. G,
cver the head f the iberatr f this city; han him n the aws;
scre him, either within the pmrim, s it be ny amid thse
javeins and spis f the enemy; r witht the pmrim, ny amid
the raves f the Criatii. Fr whither can y brin this yth, where
his wn ries mst nt redeem him frm sch inminy f pnishment?"
The pepe cd nt withstand the tears f the father, r the
restin f the sn, s ndanted in every daner; and acqitted him
mre thrh admiratin f his bravery, than fr the jstice f his
case. Bt that s ntris a mrder miht be atned fr by sme
expiatin, the father was cmmanded t mae satisfactin fr the sn at
the pbic chare. He, havin ffered certain expiatry sacrifices,
which were ever after cntined in the Hratian famiy, and aid a beam
acrss the street, made his sn pass nder it as nder a ye, with his
head cvered. This remains even t this day, bein cnstanty repaired
at the expense f the pbic; they ca it Srrim Tiim. A tmb f
sqare stne was erected t Hratia in the pace where she was stabbed
and fe.
[Ftnte 35: _Perdei_, (dem, bem,) hih treasn aainst the
state r its sverein; bt in thse times any ffence deservin capita
pnishment was incded nder that f treasn, _Qi Hrati
perdeinem jdicent_, t pass sentence n Hratis, as bein
manifesty ity f mrder; nt t try whether he was ity r nt.]
[Ftnte 36: Dmviri, etc. Niebhr cnsiders these t be the very
wrds f the d frma.]
[Ftnte 37: If the sentence (f the dmviri) be cnfirmed by the
pepe.]
[Ftnte 38: The etter f the aw awed f n jstificatin r
extenatin f the fact. It eft n aternative t the jde.]
[Ftnte 39: He indy pinted t the p-he in the aw, which eft
an penin fr the cprit's acqitta.]
[Ftnte 40: By the aws f Rms, a father had the pwer f ife and
death ver his chidren.]
27. Nr did the peace with Aba cntine n. The dissatisfactin f
the ppace, becase the frtne f the state had been hazarded n
three sdiers, perverted the wea mind f the dictatr; and becase
hnrabe measres had nt trned t we, he bean t cnciiate
their affectins by perfidis means. Accrdiny, as ne frmery
seein peace in war, s nw seein war in peace, becase he perceived
that his wn state pssessed mre crae than strenth, he stirs p
ther natins t mae war peny and by prcamatin:[41] fr his wn
pepe he reserves treachery nder the mas f aiance. The Fidenates,
a Rman cny, havin ained ver the eientes as partisans in the
cnfederacy, are instiated t decare war and tae p arms nder a
cmpact f desertin n the part f the Abans. When Fiden had peny
[42]revted, Ts, after smmnin Metts and his army frm Aba,
marches aainst the enemy. When he crssed the Ani, he pitches his camp
at the [43]cnfx f the rivers. Between that pace and Fiden, the
army f the eientes had crssed the Tiber. These, in ine f batte,

ccpied the riht win near the river; the Fidenates are psted n the
eft nearer the mntains. Ts statins his wn men ppsite the
eientian fe; the Abans he ppses t the ein f the Fidenates. The
Aban had nt mre crae than fideity. Neither darin therefre t
eep his rnd, nr t desert peny, he fies ff swy t the
mntains. After this, when he sppsed he had ne far enh, he
[44]hats his entire army; and bein sti irreste in mind, in rder
t waste time, he pens his rans. His desin was, t trn his frces t
that side t which frtne shd ive sccess. At first the Rmans wh
std nearest were astnished, when they perceived their fans were
ncvered by the departre f their aies; then a hrseman in f
ap annnces t the in that the Abans were mvin ff. Ts, in
this peris jnctre, vwed tweve Saii, and tempes t Paeness and
Panic. Rebin the hrseman in a d vice, s that the enemy miht
hear him, he rders him t retrn t the fiht, "that there was n
ccasin fr aarm; that by his rder the Aban army was marchin rnd
t fa n the nprtected rear f the Fidenates." He iewise cmmands
him t rder the cavary t raise their spears aft; this expedient
intercepted frm a reat part f the Rman infantry the view f the
Aban army retreatin. Thse wh saw it, beievin what they had heard
the in say, fht with the reater ardr. The aarm is nw
transferred t the enemy; they had bth heard what had been prnnced
s adiby, and a reat part f the Fidenates, as havin been jined as
cnists t the Rmans, nderstd Latin. Therefre, that they miht
nt be intercepted frm the twn by a sdden descent f the Abans frm
the his, they tae t fiht. Ts presses frward, and havin
rted the win f the Fidenates, retrned with reater fry aainst the
eientes, disheartened by the panic f the thers: nr did they sstain
his chare; bt the river, ppsed t them behind, prevented a
precipitate fiht. Whither when their fiht ed, sme, shamefy
thrwin dwn their arms, rshed bindy int the river; thers, whie
they iner n the bans, dbtin whether t fy r fiht, were
verpwered. Never befre had the Rmans a mre desperate batte.
[Ftnte 41: The part which he reserves fr himsef and the Abans is
t pay the traitrs t Ts in the hr f need, wearin meanwhie
the mar f friendship t Rme.]
[Ftnte 42: The fact is, that the sbject ppatin rse p aainst
the Rman cnists, drve them t f the twn, and asserted their
independence. Nieb. i. 24. 5.]
[Ftnte 43: The Tiber and the Ani.]
[Ftnte 44: _Eriit_--"he maes it hat," frm the French _faire
ate_, r frmery _hat_, becase sdiers then stand priht and hd
their spears erect.]
28. Then the Aban army, that had been spectatrs f the fiht, was
marched dwn int the pains. Metts cnratates Ts n his defeat
f the enemy; Ts n his part addresses Metts with reat civiity.
He rders the Abans t nite their camp with the Rmans, which he
prayed miht prve beneficia t bth; and prepares a sacrifice f
prificatin fr the next day. As sn as it was iht, a thins bein
in readiness, accrdin t cstm, he cmmands bth armies t be
smmned t an assemby. The herads,[45] beinnin at the tside,
smmned the Abans first. They, strc[46] t with the nvety f the
thin, in rder t hear the Rman in harane, crwded next t him.
The Rman eins, nder arms, by cncert srrnded them; a chare had
been iven t the centrins t execte their rders witht deay. Then

Ts beins as fws: "Rmans, if ever befre at any ther time in

any war there was (an ccasin) n which y shd retrn thans, first
t the immrta ds, next t yr wn var, that ccasin was
yesterday's batte. Fr the cntest was nt mre with enemies than with
the treachery and perfidy f aies, a cntest which is mre seris and
mre daners. Fr that a fase pinin may nt infence y, the
Abans retired t the mntains witht my rders, nr was that my
cmmand, bt a strataem and the pretence f a cmmand: that s yr
attentin miht nt be drawn away frm the fiht, y bein ept in
inrance that y were deserted, and that terrr and dismay miht be
strc int the enemy, cnceivin themseves t be srrnded n the
rear. Nr des that it, which I nw state, extend t a the Abans.
They fwed their eader; as y t wd have dne, if I had wished
my army t mae a mve t any ther pint frm thence. Metts there is
the eader f that march, the same Metts is the cntriver f this war;
Metts is the viatr f the treaty between Rme and Aba. Let anther
hereafter attempt the ie cndct, ness I nw mae f him a sina
exampe t manind." The centrins in arms stand rnd Metts, and the
in prceeds with the rest as he had cmmenced: "It is my intentin,
and may it prve frtnate, aspicis, and happy t the Rman pepe,
t mysef, and t y, O Abans, t transpant a the inhabitants f
Aba t Rme: t rant yr pepe the rihts f citizenship, and t
admit yr nbes int the ran f senatrs: t mae ne city, ne
repbic; that as the Aban state was frmery divided frm ne pepe
int tw, s it may nw retrn int ne." On hearin this the Aban
yth, narmed, srrnded by armed men, hwever divided in their
sentiments, yet restrained by the cmmn apprehensin, cntine sient.
Then Ts prceeded: "If, Metts Fffetis, y were capabe f
earnin fideity, and hw t bserve treaties, that essn wd have
been taht y by me, whie sti aive. Nw, since yr dispsitin is
incrabe, d y at east by yr pnishment teach manind t cnsider
thse thins sacred which have been viated by y. As therefre a
itte whie since y ept yr mind divided between the interest f
Fiden and f Rme, s sha y nw srrender yr bdy t be trn
asnder in different directins." Upn this, tw charits drawn by fr
hrses bein brht, he ties Metts extended at f enth t their
carriaes: then the hrses were driven n in different directins,
carryin ff the maned bdy n each carriae, where the imbs had been
fastened by the crds. A trned away their eyes frm s shcin a
spectace. That was the first and ast instance f a pnishment amn
the Rmans reardess f the aws f hmanity. In ther cases we may
bast that n natin whatever adpted mider frms f pnishment.
[Ftnte 45: _Prcnes ab extrem_. At the farther part f the Rman
camp, where it jined that f the Abans.]
[Ftnte 46: As we as by the rders issed by Ts.]
29. Drin these ccrrences the cavary had been despatched nward t
Aba t remve the mtitde t Rme. The eins were next ed thither
t demish the city. When they entered the ates, there was nt indeed
that tmt nr panic, sch as say taes pace with captred cities
when the ates bein brst pen, r the was eveed by the ram, r
the citade taen by assat, the shts f the enemy and rsh f armed
men thrh the city thrws every thin int cnfsin by fire and
swrd: bt my sience and speechess srrw s absrbed the minds f
a, that, thrh fear, frettin what they shd eave behind, what
they shd tae with them, a cncert faiin them, and freqenty
main inqiries f each ther, they nw std at their threshds, nw
wanderin abt they strayed thrh their hses, dmed t see them

fr that the ast time. Bt as sn as the shts f the hrsemen
cmmandin them t depart nw red them n, the crashin f the
dweins which were bein demished, was nw heard in the remtest
parts f the city, and the dst, risin in distant paces, had fied
every qarter as with a cd spread ver them; hastiy snatchin p
whatever each f them cd, whist they went frth eavin behind them
their ardian deity and hsehd ds, and the hmes in which each had
been brn and brht p, a cntined train f emirants sn fied the
ways, and the siht f thers thrh mta cmmiseratin renewed their
tears, and pites cries t were heard, f the wmen mre especiay,
when they passed by their revered tempes nw beset with armed men, and
eft their ds as it were in captivity. After the Abans had evacated
the twn, the Rman sdiery eve a the pbic and private edifices
indiscriminatey t the rnd, and ne shrt hr cnsined t
demitin and rin the wr f fr hndred years, drin which Aba
had std. The tempes f the ds, hwever, fr sch had been the
rders iven by the in, were spared.
30. In the mean time Rme increases by the demitin f Aba. The
nmber f citizens is dbed. The Cian mnt is added t the city,
and in rder that it miht be inhabited mre ppsy, Ts seects
that sitatin fr his paace and there t p his abde. The eadin
persns amn the Abans he enrs amn the patricians, that that
branch f the state as miht increase, the Jii, Serviii, Qinctii,
Geanii, Criatii, Cii; and as a cnsecrated pace f meetin fr
the rder amented by him he bit a senate-hse, which was caed
Hstiia even dwn t the ae f r fathers. And that every ran miht
acqire sme additina strenth frm the new pepe, he frmed ten
trps f hrsemen frm amn the Abans: he iewise recrited the d,
and raised new eins frm the same srce. Cnfidin in this increase
f strenth, Ts decares war aainst the Sabines, a natin at that
time the mst pwerf, next t the Etrrians, in men and in arms.
Injries had been dne n bth sides, and restittin demanded in vain.
Ts cmpained that sme Rman merchants had been seized in an pen
maret near the tempe f Fernia; the Sabines, that sme f their
pepe had taen refe in the asym, and were detained at Rme. These
were assined as the cases f the war. The Sabines, hdin in
recectin bth that a prtin f their strenth had been fixed at
Rme by Tatis, and that the Rman pwer had as been atey increased
by the accessin f the Aban pepe, bean, n their part, t 
arnd fr frein aid. Etrria was in their neihbrhd; f the
Etrrians the eientes were the nearest. Frm thence they drew sme
vnteers, their minds bein stirred p t a revt, chiefy in
cnseqence f the ranin animsities frm (frmer) wars. And pay as
had its weiht with sme straers benin t the indient
ppatin. They were assisted by n aid frm the vernment, and the
faith f the trce stipated with Rms was stricty bserved by the
eientes (fr with respect t the thers it is ess srprisin). Whie
they were preparin fr war with the tmst vir, and the matter
seemed t trn n this, which shd first cmmence hstiities, Ts
first passes int the Sabine territry. A desperate batte ensed at the
wd caed Maitisa,[47] in which the Rman army was far sperir,
bth by the strenth f their ft, and as by the recent amentatin
f their cavary. The Sabine rans were thrwn int disrder by a sdden
chare f the cavary, nr cd either the fiht be afterwards
restred, r a retreat accmpished witht reat sahter.
[Ftnte 47: _Maitisam_. . Di. iii.]
31. After te defe
t f te S
bi es, we te ver me t f s
d

te we Rm

st
te w
s i i re w ,
d i
very frisi 
c diti , wrd w
s brt t te i 
d se
trs, t
t it r
i ed
st es  te Ab
M t. As tis cd sc
rcey be credited, 
pers s bei  se t t i qire i t te prdiy,
tic swer f st es
fe frm e
ve i teir sit, jst
s we 
i cected i t b
s
is peted dw t te e
rt by te wi ds. Besides, tey im
i ed t
t
tey e
rd
d vice frm te rve  te smmit f te i,
reqiri  te Ab
s t perfrm teir reiis service
ccrdi  t te
rites f teir
tive c try, wic tey 
d c si ed t bivi ,
s
if teir ds 
d bee
b
d ed teter wit teir c try;
d tey

d eiter
dpted te reii f Rme, r,
s m
y 
ppe , e r
ed
t
teir evi desti y, 
d re  ced
teter te wrsip f te ds. A
festiv
 f i e d
ys w
s i stitted pbicy by te Rm
s
s 

cc t f te s
me prdiy, eiter i bedie ce t te e
ve y vice
se t frm te Ab
m t, (fr t
t t is st
ted,) r by te
dvice f
te
rspices. Cert
i it is, it c ti ed
sem bserv
ce, t
t
we ever te s
me prdiy w
s
 ced,
festiv
 fr i e d
ys w
s
bserved. Nt  
fter, tey were
fficted wit
pestie ce;
d
t frm tis tere
rse

versi t miit
ry service, yet 
respite frm
rms w
s r
ted by tis w
rie i , w c sidered t
t
te bdies f te y  me were eve mre e
ty
br
d t

t me,
 ti e imsef
s w
s seized wit
i eri  dise
se. e ,
teter wit is bdy, tse fierce spirits bec
me s bre , t
t e,
w frmery c sidered ti  ess wrty f
i  t
t devte is
mi d t reii , sdde y bec
me
s
ve t every frm f sperstiti ,
imprt
t
d trifi ,
d fied te pepe's mi ds
s wit
reiis scrpes. e e er
ity f pers s, w wisi  t recr t
t
t st
te f ti s wic 
d existed  der i  Nm
, tt t
t te
 y reief eft fr teir sicy bdies w
s, if pe
ce
d p
rd cd
be bt
i ed frm te ds. ey s
y t
t te i  imsef, tr i  ver
te cmme t
ries f Nm
,
fter e 
d f d terei t
t cert
i
s
crifices f
secret
d sem
tre 
d bee perfrmed t Jpiter
Eicis, st imsef p
d set
bt te perfrm
ce f tis
sem ity; bt t
t t
t rite w
s t dy  dert
e r c dcted,
d
t
t t  y 
ppe
r
ce f e
ve y tific
ti w
s prese ted t
im, bt t
t e w
s strc wit it i 
d br t t
ses, teter
wit is se, tr te
er f Jpiter, ex
sper
ted
t te
imprpriety f te cerem y. s rei ed tw-
d-tirty ye
rs wit
re
t miit
ry re w .
32. O te de
t f s te ver me t devved  ce mre p te
se
te,
d tey mi
ted
i terrex;
d  is di  te cmiti
,
te pepe eected A cs M
rcis i . e f
ters c firmed te
eecti . A cs M
rcis w
s te r
ds f i  Nm
Pmpiis by is
d
ter. As s
s e
sce ded te tr e, refecti   te re w f
is r
df
ter,
d t
t te 
te rei , ris i every ter
respect, i  e p
rtic
r 
d t bee sfficie ty prspers, te
rites f reii 
vi  eiter bee ttery eected, r imprpery
perfrmed; deemi  it f te iest imprt
ce t perfrm te pbic
cerem ies f reii
s tey 
d bee i stitted by Nm
, e rders
te p tiff,
fter e 
d tr
scribed tem
 frm te i 's
cmme t
ries  wite t
bes, t expse tem t pbic view. He ce, bt
is w sbjects, desirs f pe
ce,
d te eibri 
ti s,
e tert
i ed
pe t
t te i  wd c frm t te c dct
d
i stitti s f is r
df
ter. Accrdi y te L
ti s, wit wm

tre
ty 
d bee c cded i te rei f s,
ssmed ew cr
e;

d
fter tey 
d m
de
i crsi p te Rm

ds, retr

c tempts
swer t te Rm
s  teir dem
di  restitti ,
sppsi  t
t te Rm
i  wd spe d is rei i i de ce
m 
c
pes
d
t
rs. e e is f A cs w
s f
midde i d, p
rt
i 

bt f t
t f Nm

d f Rms;
d, besides t
t, e tt t
t
pe
ce w
s mre ecess
ry i is r
df
ter's rei , c sideri  te
pepe were bt rece t
s we
s  civiized, e
s (c sidered) t
t
e cd t, witt i jry, preserve te tr
qiity wic 
d f
e
t is t; t
t is p
tie ce w
s tried,
d bei  tried, w
s w
despised;
d t
t te times were mre sited t
i  s t
t

Nm
. I rder, wever, t
t
s Nm

d i stitted reiis rites i
pe
ce, cerem ies re
ti  t w
r mit be tr
smitted by im,
d t
t
w
rs mit t  y be w
ed, bt prc
imed
s
ccrdi  t sme
rite, e brrwed frm

cie t
ti , te qic
e, te frm wic
te er
ds sti preserve,
ccrdi  t wic restitti is dem
ded.
e
mb
ss
dr, we e cmes t te fr tiers f te pepe frm wm
s
tisf
cti is dem
ded, 
vi  is e
d cvered wit
fiet, (te
fiet is f w,) s
ys, "He
r, O Jpiter, e
r, ye c fi es, (
mi 
te
ti tey be  t,) et Jstice e
r. I
m
pbic messe er f
te Rm
pepe; I cme jsty
d reiisy depted,
d et my
wrds 
i credit." He te m
es is dem
ds;
fterw
rds e m
es

sem
ppe
 t Jpiter, "If I  jsty r impisy dem
d tse
pers s
d tse ds t be ive p t me, te messe er f te Rm

pepe, te ever permit me t e jy my

tive c try." ese wrds e
repe
ts we e p
sses ver te fr tiers; te s
me t te first m
e
meets; te s
me  e teri  te 
te; te s
me  e teri  te frm,
sme few wrds i te frm f te dec
r
ti
d 
t bei  c
ed. If
te pers s wm e dem
ds
re t deivered p,  te expir
ti f
tirty-tree d
ys, fr s m
y
re e ji ed by te re, e dec
res
w
r, ts: "He
r, Jpiter,
d t, J , Rms,
d
 ye
ceesti
, terrestri
,
d i fer
 ds, ive e
r! I c
 y t
wit ess, t
t tis
ti (
mi  it) is  jst,
d des t
ct wit
eqity; bt we wi c st te f
ters i r w c try c cer i 
tese m
tters,
d by w
t me
s we m
y bt
i r rit." After t
t
te messe er retr s t Rme t c st: te i  immedi
tey sed t
c st te f
ters
mst i te fwi  wrds: "C cer i  sc
m
tters, differe ces,
d q
rres,
s te p
ter p
tr
ts f te Rm

pepe, te Qirites, 

s c ferred wit te p
ter p
tr
ts f te

cie t L
ti s,
d wit te
cie t L
ti pepe, wic m
tters t
t be ive p, perfrmed, disc
red, wic m
tters tey 
ve eiter
ive p, perfrmed, r disc
red, dec
re," s
ys e t im, wse
pi i e first
sed, "w
t ti  y?" e e s
id, "I ti  t
t
tey sd be dem
ded by
jst
d re
ry dec
red w
r, terefre
I c se t,
d vte fr it." e te ters were
sed i rder,
d
we te m
jrity f tse prese t
reed i te s
me pi i , te w
r
w
s resved  . It w
s cstm
ry fr te feci
is t c
rry i is 
d

j
vei pi ted wit stee, r br t
t te e d
d dipped i bd,
t te c fi es f te e emy's c try,
d i prese ce f
t e
st
tree rw -p pers s, t s
y, "Fr
smc
s te st
tes f te
cie t
L
ti s,
d te
cie t L
ti pepe, 
ve ffe ded

i st te Rm

pepe, te Qirites, fr

smc
s te Rm
pepe, te Qirites, 
ve
rdered t
t tere sd be w
r wit te
cie t L
ti s,
d te se
te
f te Rm
pepe, te Qirites, 
ve ive teir pi i , c se ted,

d vted t
t w
r sd be m
de wit te
cie t L
ti s,  tis

cc t I
d te Rm
pepe dec
re
d m
e w
r  te st
tes f te

cie t L
ti s,
d  te
cie t L
ti pepe." After e 
d s
id
t
t, e trew te spe
r witi teir c fi es. After tis m
er
restitti w
s dem
ded frm te L
ti s
t t
t time,
d w
r
prc
imed:
d t
t s
e psterity 
ve
dpted.
33. A cs, 
vi  cmmitted te c
re f s
cred ti s t te f
mi es

d ter priests, set t wit

ew
rmy, wic e 
d evied,
d
t Pitrim,
city f te L
ti s, by strm;
d fwi  te
ex
mpe f frmer i s, w 
d i cre
sed te Rm
st
te by t
i 

e emies i t te mber f te citize s, e tr

sp
ted
 te pepe
t Rme. A d si ce te S
bi es ccpied te C
pit
d cit
de,
d te
Ab
s te Ci
m t
r d te P

tim, te reside ce f te d
Rm
s, te Ave ti e w
s
ssi ed t te ew pepe; t  
fter, 
ee i
d Fic

bei  t
e , ew citize s were
dded i te s
me
q
rter. After tis Pitrim w
s t
e
sec d time by frce f
rms,
bec
se te
cie t L
ti s 
d t
e pssessi f it we v
c
ted. is
w
s te c
se f te Rm
s demisi  t
t city, t
t it mit t
ever
fter serve
s
recept
ce t te e emy. At 
st, te we w
r
wit te L
ti s bei  c ce tr
ted i Medi
, tey ft tere wit
v
ris frt e, smetimes te  e
d smetimes te ter 
i i  te
victry; fr te tw w
s bt we frtified by wrs,
d stre te ed
by
str  
rris ,
d te L
ti s, 
vi  pitced teir c
mp i te
pe fieds, 
d sever
 times ft te Rm
s i cse e 
eme t. At

st A cs, m
i 
effrt wit
 is frces, bt
i ed
cmpete
victry ver tem i
pitced b
tte,
d 
vi  t
c sider
be
bty, retr ed te ce t Rme; m
y ts
ds f te L
ti s bei  te

s
dmitted i t te city, t wm, i rder t
t te Ave ti e mit
be ji ed t te P

tim,
setteme t w
s
ssi ed e
r te tempe f
Mrci
. e J
icm w
s iewise
dded, t fr w
t f rm, bt est

t
y time it sd becme
dme t fr te e emy. It w
s determi ed
t ji it t te city, t  y by
w
, bt iewise, fr te s
e
f te c ve ie ce f p
ss
e, by
wde bride, te fr te first
time bit
crss te iber. e Fss
Qiritim,  i c sider
be
defe ce

i st te e
sy
ccess t te city frm te w r ds, is te
wr f i  A cs. e st
te bei 
me ted by sc re
t
ccessi s,
seei  t
t,
mid sc
mtitde f pers s, te disti cti f rit

d wr  bei 
s yet c f ded, c
desti e crimes were cmmitted,

pris is bit i te e

rt f te city, veri  te frm, t
i timid
te te rwi  ice tis ess. A d t  y w
s te city
i cre
sed  der tis i , bt te territry
s
d te b d
ries.
e Msi
frest w
s t
e frm te Veie tes, te Rm
dmi i w
s
exte ded
s f
r
s te se
,
d te city f Osti
bit
t te mt f
te iber; s
t-pits were frmed
r d it,
d, i c seqe ce f te
disti ised sccess
cieved i w
r, te tempe f Jpiter Feretris
w
s e 
red.
34. I te rei f A cs, Lcm,
ric
d e terprisi  m
, c
me t
sette
t Rme, prmpted ciefy by te desire
d pe f bt
i i 
re
t preferme t tere, wic e 
d  me
s f
tt
i i 
t 
rqi ii
(fr tere
s e w
s desce ded frm

ie stc). He w
s te s f
Dem
r
ts,
Cri ti
, w, fyi  is c try fr sediti , 
d

ppe ed t sette
t 
rqi ii,
d 
vi  m
rried
wife tere, 
d
tw s s by er. eir
mes were [48]Lcm
d Ar s. Lcm srvived
is f
ter,
d bec
me eir t
 is prperty. Ar s died befre is
f
ter, e
vi 
wife pre
t. e f
ter did t   srvive te
s ,
d
s e, t  wi  t
t is d
ter-i -
w w
s pre
t, died
witt t
i 
y tice f is r
dcid i is wi, t te by t
t
w
s br
fter te de
t f is r
df
ter, witt 
vi 
y s
re i
is frt e, te
me f Eeris w
s ive 
cc t f is pverty.
A d we is we
t
re
dy i spired Lcm,  te ter 
d, te eir
f
 is f
ter's we
t, wit eev
ted ti s, 

qi, wm e
m
rried, frter i cre
sed sc feei , se bei  desce ded frm
very
i f
miy,
d  e w wd t re
diy br te c diti i t
wic se 
d m
rried t be i ferir t t
t i wic se 
d bee br .
As te Etrri
s despised Lcm, bec
se spr  frm
frei exie,
se cd t be
r te
ffr t,
d re
rdess f te i
te ve f er

tive c try, prvided se mit see er sb

d
dv
ced t  rs,
se frmed te determi
ti t e
ve 
rqi ii. Rme seemed
p
rtic
ry sited fr er prpse. I tis st
te, 
tey f ded,

were
 biity is rece t
d te rest f merit, tere wd be
rm fr er sb
d,
m
f cr
e
d
ctivity. 
tis
S
bi e 
d
bee i  f Rme: Nm

d bee se t fr frm Cres t rei tere:
A cs w
s spr  frm
S
bi e mter,
d rested is biity  te
si e st
te f Nm
. Se e
siy pers
des im,
s bei 
mbitis f
 rs,
d  e t wm 
rqi ii w
s is c try  y  te mter's
side. Accrdi y, remvi  teir effects tey set t teter fr
Rme. ey 
ppe ed t 
ve re
ced te J
icm; tere,
s e s
t i
te c
rit wit is wife,
e
e, sspe ded  er wi s, e ty
stpi , t
es ff is c
p,
d fyi  r d te c
rit wit d
scre
ms,
s if se 
d bee se t frm e
ve fr te very prpse,
rdery rep
ced it  is e
d,
d te few
ft. 

qi is s
id
t 
ve received tis me wit re
t jy, bei 
wm
we sied,

s te Etrri
s e er
y
re, i ceesti
 prdiies,
d embr
ci 
er sb
d, bids im pe fr i
d eev
ted frt e: t
t sc bird

d cme frm sc
q
rter f te e
ve s,
d te messe er f sc

d: t
t it 
d exibited te me
r d te iest p
rt f m
: t
t
it 
d ifted te r
me t p
ced  te e
d f m
, t restre it t
te s
me, by directi f te ds. C
rryi  wit tem tese pes
d
tts, tey e tered te city,
d 
vi  prc
sed
se tere,
tey 
ve t te
me f Lcis 
rqi is Priscs. His bei 

str
er
d very ric, c
sed im t be t
e tice f by te Rm
s.
He
s prmted is w d frt e by is
ff
be
ddress, by te
crtes ess f is i vit
ti s,
d by c cii
ti  tse wm e
cd by
cts f i d ess;  ti
reprt f im re
ced eve t te
p

ce;
d by p
yi  crt t te i  wit pite ess
d
ddress, e
i
srt time s imprved te
cq
i t
ce t te fti  f i tim
te
frie dsip, t
t e w
s prese t
t
 pbic
d priv
te deiber
ti s,
frei
d dmestic;
d bei  w tried i every trst, e w
s
t
e t, by te i 's wi,
ppi ted 
rdi
t is cidre .
[Ft te 48: e Lcm es were
c
ss f pers s
m  te Etrri
s
f
w
rie s
cerdt
 c
r
cter, p
trici
s, t i s. Vid. Niebr,
i. p. 372.]
35. A cs rei ed twe ty-fr ye
rs, eq
 t
y f te frmer i s
bt i te
rts
d re w f w
r
d pe
ce. His s s were w i
te
e f pberty, fr tis re
s 
rqi w
s mre re t t
t te

ssemby fr te eecti f

i  sd be ed
s s
s pssibe.
e
ssemby bei  prc
imed, e se t
w
y te bys t  t tw
rds te
time f teir meeti . He is s
id t 
ve bee te first w e
r esty
sed fr te crw ,
d t 
ve m
de
set speec fr te prpse f

i i  te
ffecti s f te pepe: _e s
id_ "t
t e did t
im
t

y ti   precede ted; fr t

t e w
s t te first frei er, (

ti 
t wic
y  e mit fee i di
ti r srprise,) bt te
tird w
spired t te sverei ty f Rme. 
t 
tis t  y frm
bei 

ie , bt eve
e emy, w
s m
de i : t
t Nm
,

cq
i ted wit te city,
d witt siciti  it, 
d bee
v t
riy i vited by tem t te tr e. 
t e,
s s
s e w
s
is w m
ster, 
d cme t Rme wit is wife
d we frt e,
d

d tere spe t
re
ter p
rt f t
t
e, i wic me
re empyed i
civi ffices, t
e 
d i is
tive c try: t
t e 
d bt i
pe
ce
d w
r try e
r ed te Rm

ws
d reiis cstms,
 der
m
ster t t be bjected t, i  A cs imsef; t
t e 
d
vied wit
 i dty
d y
ty t is pri ce,
d eve wit te i 
imsef i is b ty t ters." Wie e w
s rec ti  tese
 dbted f
cts, te pepe by
re
t m
jrity eected im i . e
s
me
mbiti wic 
d prmpted 
rqi , i ter respects
excee t
m
, t
spire t te crw , fwed im wist  te tr e. A d
bei   ess mi df f stre te i  is w pwer, t
f i cre
si 

t
t f te cmm we
t, e eected
 dred i t te f
ters, w
frm t
t time were c
ed Mi rm Ge tim, _i. e._ f te y er
f
miies:
p
rty e
rty i te i 's c
se, by wse f
vr tey 
d
t i t te se
te. e first w
r e w
ed w
s wit te L
ti s, frm
wm e t te tw f Api by strm,
d 
vi  brt b
c te ce
mre bty t
te c
r
cter f te w
r wd e
d  e t expect, e
ceebr
ted 
mes wit mre cst
d m
 ifice ce t
frmer i s. e
p
ce fr te circs, wic is w c
ed M
xims, w
s te first m
red
t,
d sp
ces were p
rted ff fr te se
trs
d  its, were tey
mit e
c erect se
ts fr temseves: tey were c
ed fri (be ces).
ey viewed te 
mes frm sc
ffdi  wic spprted se
ts tweve
feet i frm te r d. e sw t p
ce; rses
d bxers were
se t fr, ciefy frm Etrri
. ese sem 
mes
fterw
rds c ti ed


, bei  v
risy c
ed te Rm

d Gre
t (
mes). By te s
me
i 
s sp
ces r d te frm were prti ed ff fr priv
te
i divid
s t bid  ; prtices
d sps were erected.
36. He w
s
s prep
ri  t srr d te city wit
st e w
, we

S
bi e w
r bstrcted is desi s. e m
tter w
s s sdde , t
t te
e emy 
d p
ssed te A i befre te Rm

rmy cd meet
d stp
tem; re
t

rm terefre w
s prdced
t Rme. A d
t first tey
ft wit dbis sccess, bt wit re
t s
ter  bt sides.
After tis, te e emy's frces bei  ed b
c i t teir c
mp,
d te
Rm
s etti  time t m
e ew evies fr te w
r, 
rqi , ti i 
t
t te we
 ess f is
rmy 
y i te w
t f rse, determi ed t

dd ter ce tries t te R

m e ses, te itie ses,
d Lceres wic
Rms 
d
ppi ted,
d t e
ve tem disti ised by is w
me.
Bec
se Rms 
d d e tis by
ry, Atts N
vis,
t t
t time

ceebr
ted sts
yer, i sisted t
t 
ter
ti r ew
ppi tme t f
t
t i d cd be m
de,  ess te birds
pprved f it. e i ,
e r
ed
t tis,
d,
s it is re
ted, ridici  te
rt, s
id, "Cme,
t divi er, te me, weter w
t I
m ti i   c
be d e r
t?" We e 
d tried te m
tter by divi
ti , e
ffirmed it
cert
i y cd. "Bt I w
s ti i ," s
ys e, "weter y cd ct

s der tis wetst e wit

r
zr. 
e it,
d perfrm w
t ty birds
prte d m
y be d e." Up tis,
s tey s
y, e immedi
tey ct te
wetst e i tw. A st
te f Atts, wit is e
d veied, w
s erected
i te cmitim, p te very steps  te eft f te se
te-se, 
te spt were te tr
s
cti ccrred. ey s
y t
t te wetst e

s w
s depsited i te s
me p
ce, t
t it mit rem
i
m me t f
t
t mir
ce t psterity. ere cert
i y
ccred s mc  r t

ry
d te cee f
rs, t
t ti  w
s  dert
e eiter i
pe
ce r w
r witt t
i  te
spices. Assembies f te pepe, te
smm i  f
rmies,
d
ff
irs f te re
test imprt
ce were pt
ff, we te birds wd t
w f tem. Nr did 
rqi te m
e

y ter
ter
ti i te ce tries f rse, except dbi  te
mber f me i e
c f tese crps, s t
t te tree ce tries
c sisted f  e ts
d eit  dred  its. se t
t were
dded
were c
ed "te y er," bt by te s
me
mes wit te frmer; wic,
w t
t tey 
ve bee dbed, tey c
 six ce tries.
37. is p
rt f is frces bei 
me ted,
sec d b
tte is ft
wit te S
bi es. Bt, besides t
t te Rm

rmy w
s ts rei frced,

str
t
em
s is secrety resrted t, pers s 
vi  bee se t t
trw i t te river
re
t q
tity f timber t
t 
y  te b
s f
te A i, it bei  first set  fire;
d te wd bei  frter i ded
by f
vr f te wi d,
d te re
ter[49] p
rt f it (bei  p
ced) 
r
fts, we it stc firmy imp
cted

i st te piers, sets te bride
 fire. is
ccide t strc terrr i t te S
bi es dri  te b
tte,

d,
fter tey were rted, impeded teir fit; s t
t m
y, w 
d

esc
ped te e emy, perised i te river. eir
rms f
ti  dw te
iber,
d bei  rec ised
t te city, m
de  w te victry,
mst
befre
y
cc t f it cd be c
rried tere. I t
t
cti te
ry f te c
v
ry w
s prmi e t: tey s
y t
t, bei  psted i te
tw wi s, we te ce tre f teir w i f
try w
s bei  be
te , tey
c
red s brisy i f
, t
t tey t  y ceced te S
bi e
ei s w pressed 
rd  tse w retired, bt qicy pt tem t
fit. e S
bi es m
de fr te m t
i s wit re
t precipit
ti , yet
few re
ced tem; fr,
s we s
id befre, te re
test p
rt were drive
by te c
v
ry i t te river. 
rqi , ti i  it
dvis
be t prse
te e emy csey wie i tis c ster
ti ,
fter se di  te bty

d te pris ers t Rme, pii  p

d br i  te spis wic e 
d
vwed t Vc
, prceeds t e
d is
rmy  w
rd i t te S
bi e
territry. A d t m
tters 
d tr ed t
dversey, r cd tey
pe fr better sccess; yet, bec
se te cc
si did t
w time
fr deiber
ti , te S
bi es c
me t t meet im wit

stiy r
ised

rmy;
d bei 

i defe
ted tere,
d m
tters 
vi  w becme
desper
te, tey sed fr pe
ce.
[Ft te 49: I my versi f tis p
ss
e I 
ve fwed te re
di ,
_et per
qe i r
tibs, imp
ct
sbicis qm rere t_, p. i. e
br i  s were t se t dw te river  e by  e, bt were p
ced 
r
fts, s t
t bei  i c
p
be f p
ssi   betwee te piers f te
bride, tey firmy stc tere,
d br t te bride. is mde f
i terpret
ti is c firmed by Di . iii. 5, 6. e bride ere me
t is
te  e bit by te S
bi es
t te c fe ce f te A i
d te
iber----A ter re
di  is, _per
qe i r
tibs imp
ct
sbiciis q
m
rere t_, "mst f tem bei  drive

i st te b
ts, resti  
pies, stc tere," &c.]
38. C
ti

d
 te 
d
bt it w
s t
e frm te S
bi es,
d
Eeris, s t te i 's brter, w
s eft tere wit

rris . I
 derst
d t
t te pepe f C
ti
were ts srre dered,
d t
t
te frm f te srre der w
s
s fws: te i 
sed tem, "Are ye

mb
ss
drs
d depties se t by te pepe f C
ti
t srre der
yrseves
d te pepe f C
ti
?" "We
re." "Are te pepe f
C
ti
teir w m
sters?" "ey
re." "D ye srre der yrseves
d
te pepe f C
ti
, teir city, 
ds, w
ter, b d
ries, tempes,
te sis,
d every ti  s
cred r prf
e be i  t tem, i t my
pwer,
d t
t f te Rm
pepe?" "We d." "e I receive tem."
e S
bi e w
r bei  e ded, 
rqi retr ed i trimp t Rme. After
t
t e m
de w
r p te
cie t L
ti s, were tey c
me   cc
si
t
e er
 e 
eme t; yet by c
rryi 
bt is
rms t te sever

tw s, e sbded te we L
ti
ti . Cr icm, d Fice
,
C
meri
, Crstmerim, Ameri
, Medi
,
d Nme tm, tw s wic
eiter be ed t te
cie t L
ti s, r wic 
d revted t tem,
were t
e . Up tis
pe
ce w
s c cded. e wrs f pe
ce were
te set
bt wit re
ter spirit, eve t
te effrts wit wic e

d c dcted is w
rs; s t
t te pepe e jyed  mre e
se
d
qiet
t me, t
tey 
d d e
br
d: fr e bt set
bt
srr di  te city wit
st e w
,  te side were e 
d t
frtified it, te bei i  f wic wr 
d bee i terrpted by te
S
bi e w
r,
d te wer p
rts f te city r d te frm
d te
ter v
eys yi  betwee te is, bec
se tey did t e
siy c
rry
ff te w
ter frm te f
t r ds, e dr
i s by me
s f sewers dr
w
spi  dw w
rd i t te iber. Mrever e eves

re
fr f di 

tempe t Jpiter i te C

pit, wic e 
d vwed t im i te
S
bi e w
r; is mi d eve te pres
i  te ftre r
der f te
p
ce.

39. At t
t time,
prdiy ccrred i te p

ce, w derf bt i
its
ppe
r
ce
d i its rest. ey re
te, t
t te e
d f
by,
c
ed Servis is,
s e 
y f
st
seep, b
zed wit fire i te
sit f m
y pers s. 
t by te very re
t ise m
de
t s
mir
cs
pe me  , te ry
 f
miy were
w
e ed;
d we  e f
te serv
ts w
s bri i  w
ter t exti is te f
me, t
t e w
s
ept b
c by te qee ,
d
fter te c fsi w
s ver, t
t se
frb
de te by t be distrbed ti e sd
w
e f is w
ccrd.
As s
s e
we te f
me dis
ppe
red. e 

qi, t
i  er
sb
d i t
priv
te p
ce, s
id, "D y bserve tis by wm we
bri  p i s me

stye? Be
ssred t
t ere
fter e wi be

it t s i r
dversity,
d
prtectr t r p

ce i distress.
Frm e cefrt et s, wit
 r c
re, tr
i p tis yt, w is
c
p
be f becmi 
re
t r
me t pbicy
d priv
tey." Frm tis
time te by be
t be tre
ted
s teir w s ,
d i strcted i
tse
rts by wic me 's mi ds
re q
ified t m
i t
i i r
. e
m
tter w
s e
siy
ccmpised, bec
se it w
s
ree
be t te ds.
e y  m
tr ed t t be f
dispsiti try ry
. Nr, we
tey ed t fr
s -i -
w fr 
rqi , cd
y f te Rm

yt be cmp
red t im i
y
ccmpisme t; terefre te i 
betrted is w d
ter t im. is i  r c ferred p im,
frm w
tever c
se, preve ts s frm beievi  t
t e w
s te s f

s
ve,
d t
t e 
d imsef bee
s
ve we y . I
m r
ter f
te pi i f tse w s
y t
t,  te t
i  f Cr icm, te wife
f Servis is, w 
d bee te e
di  m
i t
t city, bei 
pre
t we er sb
d w
s s
i , bei   w
m  te ter fem
e
pris ers,
d, i c seqe ce f er i r
, exempted frm servitde
by te Rm
qee , w
s deivered f
cid
t Rme, i te se f

rqi is Priscs. Up tis, t
t bt te i tim
cy betwee te 
dies
w
s imprved by s re
t
i d ess,
d t
t te by, 
vi  bee
brt p i te se frm is i f
cy, w
s beved
d respected;
t
t is mter's t, i 
vi  f
e i t te 
ds f te e emy,
c
sed im t be c sidered te s f
s
ve.
40. Abt te tirty-eit ye
r f 
rqi 's rei , Servis is w
s
i te iest esteem, t  y wit te i , bt
s wit te se
te

d pepe. At tis time te tw s s f A cs, t tey 

d befre
t
t
w
ys c sidered it te iest i di ity t
t tey 
d bee
deprived f teir f
ter's crw by te tre
cery f teir 
rdi
,
t
t
str
er sd be i  f Rme, w w
s t  y t f

civic, bt t eve f

It
i
f
miy, yet w fet teir i di
ti
rise t
sti ier pitc
t te ti t
t te crw wd t  y
t revert t tem
fter 
rqi , bt wd desce d eve wer t

s
ve, s t
t i te s
me st
te
bt te  dredt ye
r[50]
fter
Rms, desce ded frm
deity,
d
deity imsef, ccpied te
tr e
s  
s e ived,
s
ve,
d  e br f
s
ve, sd w
pssess it. 
t it wd be
disr
ce bt cmm t te Rm

me,

d mre especi
y t teir f
miy, if, wist tere w
s m
e isse f
i  A cs sti ivi , te sverei ty f Rme sd be
ccessibe
t  y t str
ers, bt eve t s
ves. ey determi e terefre t
preve t t
t disr
ce by te swrd. Bt bt rese tme t fr te i jry
d e t tem i ce sed tem mre

i st 
rqi imsef, t


i st
Servis;
d (te c sider
ti ) t
t
i  w
s iey t prve
mre
severe
ve er f te mrder, if e sd srvive, t

priv
te
pers ;
d mrever, i c
se f Servis bei  pt t de
t, w
tever
ter pers e mit seect
s is s -i -
w,[51] it seemed iey
t
t e wd
dpt
s is sccessr  te tr e.[52] Fr tese
re
s s te pt is 
id

i st te i  imsef. w f te mst
fercis f te seperds bei  seected fr te d
ri  deed, wit te
rstic impeme ts t wic e
c 
d bee
ccstmed, by c dcti 

temseves i
s vie t
m
er
s pssibe i te prc f te
p

ce,  der prete ce f
q
rre, dr
w te
tte ti f
 te
i 's
tte d
ts t temseves; te , we bt
ppe
ed t te i ,

d teir c
mr re
ced eve te i terir f te p

ce, tey
re
c
ed i
d prceed befre te i . At first bt b
wed
d,
d
vied i i terrpti  e
c ter by teir c
mr,  ti bei  restr
i ed
by te ictr,
d cmm
ded t spe
 i tr s, tey
t e t ce
se
r
ii . Accrdi  t c cert,  e bei s t st
te te m
tter. We te
i ,
tte tive t im, 
d tr ed imsef qite t
t w
y, te ter,
r
isi  p is
xe, strc it i t is e
d,
d e
vi  te we
p i
te w d, tey bt rs t f te se.
[Ft te 50: _e  dredt ye
r_. 138 ye
rs 
d e
psed si ce te
de
t f Rms: tey dimi is te mber f ye
rs desi edy, t m
e
te m
tter
ppe
r sti wrse.]
[Ft te 51: _S -i -
w_. Wy t  e f is tw s s, Lcis
d
Ar s? Di. iv. 1. If tese were t is r
dcidre r
ter, tey mst

ve bee i f
ts
t te time. Di. iv. 4, 6.--At tis time i f
ts
cd t scceed t te tr e.--_Rperti._]
[Ft te 52: is se te ce 
s ive sme trbe t te
cmme t
trs.--Sme wi 
ve it t
t tree disti ct re
s s
re ive
fr
ss
ssi
ti  
rqi is r
ter t
Servis is,
d t
t tese

re sever
y m
red
d disti ised by _et_--_et_--_tm_, te sec d
 y 
vi  _qi
_.--Strt wi 
ve it t
t  y tw re
s s
re

ssi ed,  e, wy te i  sd be ied,

d te ter, wy Servis
is sd t be ied,
risi  frm te d
er
d seess ess f
te
ct--te frmer 
s t
_qi
_, bec
se it w
s
f
ct, (_et
i jri dr_, &c.,) wie te 
tter 
s it i te first p
rt (te
d
er, _et qi
r
vir_, &c, _qi
_ bei   derstd
s befre te
ter, te seess ess, _tm_, _Servi ccis_, &c.) bec
se it
c t
i ed te re
s i  f te yts. Deri  s
ys tere were  y tw
pwerf re
s s, reve e
d fe
r,
d
r
ti prb
biis i trdced by
_tm_; wic 
s te frce f i sper. Accrdi  t Dr. H ter, tere

re tw frm

sserti s,  e, t
t rese tme t stim
ted te s s f
A cs

i st te i  imsef; te ter, t
t te pt is 
id fr te
i  imsef p tw c sider
ti s, f re
s
d picy.]
41. We tse w were
r d 
d r
ised p te i  i
dyi  st
te,
te ictrs seize  te me w were e de
vri  t esc
pe. Up tis
fwed
pr
r
d c crse f pepe, w deri  w
t te m
tter
w
s. 

qi, dri  te tmt, rders te p

ce t be st, trsts
t
 w were prese t:
t te s
me time se sedsy prep
res every
ti  ecess
ry fr dressi  te w d,
s if
pe sti rem
i ed;
t
te s
me time, i c
se er pes sd dis
ppi t er, se prjects
ter me
s f s
fety. Se di  immedi
tey fr Servis,
fter se 
d
swed t im er sb
d
mst expiri , di  is rit 
d, se
e tre
ts im t t sffer te de
t f is f
ter-i -
w t p
ss

ve ed, r is mter-i -
w t be
bject f i st t teir
e emies. "Servis," se s
id, "if y
re
m
, te i dm is yrs,
t teirs, w, by te 
ds f ters, 
ve perpetr
ted te wrst f
crimes. Exert yrsef,
d fw te id
ce f te ds, w
prte ded t
t tis e
d wd be istris by 
vi  frmery sed

b
ze
r d it. Nw et t
t ceesti
 f
me
rse y. Nw
w
e i
e
r est. We, t, t frei ers, 
ve rei ed. C sider w y
re,
t we ce y
re spr . If yr w p
s
re t m
tred by re
s
f te sdde ess f tis eve t, te fw mi e." We te pr
r
d
vie ce f te mtitde cd sc
rcey be witstd, 

qi

ddresses te pp

ce frm te pper p
rt f te p

ce tr te

wi dws f
ci  te ew street (fr te ry
 f
miy resided e
r te
tempe f Jpiter St
tr). Se bids tem "be f d cr
e; t
t te
i  w
s st ed by te sdde ess f te bw; t
t te we
p 
d t
s  deep i t is bdy; t
t e w
s
re
dy cme t imsef

i ; t
t
te w d 
d bee ex
mi ed, te bd 
vi  bee wiped ff; t
t

te symptms were f
vr
be; t
t se ped tey wd see im very
s ;
d t
t, i te me
time, e cmm
ded te pepe t bey te
rders f Servis is. 
t e wd
dmi ister jstice,
d wd
perfrm
 te f cti s f te i ." Servis cmes frt wit te
tr
be

d ictrs,
d se
ti  imsef  te i 's tr e, decides
sme c
ses, wit respect t ters prete ds t
t e wi c st te
i . erefre, te de
t bei  c ce
ed fr sever
 d
ys, t

rqi 
d
re
dy expired, e,  der prete ce f disc
ri  te dty
f
ter, stre te ed is w i terest. e
t e t te m
tter
bei  m
de pbic,
d 
me t
ti s bei  r
ised i te p

ce, Servis,
spprted by
str  
rd, t pssessi f te i dm by te
c se t f te se
te, bei  te first w did s witt te rders f
te pepe. e cidre f A cs, te i strme ts f teir vi
y

vi  bee
re
dy seized,
s s
s it w
s
 ced t
t te i 
sti ived,
d t
t te pwer f Servis w
s s re
t, 
d
re
dy
 e i t exie t Sess
Pmeti
.
42. A d w Servis be
t stre te is pwer, t mre by
pbic[53] t
by priv
te me
sres;
d est te feei s f te
cidre f 
rqi mit be te s
me tw
rds imsef
s tse f te
cidre f A cs 
d bee tw
rds 
rqi , e  ites is tw d
ters
i m
rri
e t te y  pri ces, te 
rqi ii, Lcis
d Ar s. Nr
yet did e bre
 tr te i evit
be decrees f f
te by m

me
sres, s t
t e vy f te sverei pwer sd t prdce e er

tre
cery
d
imsity eve
m  te members f is w f
miy. Very
pprt ey fr m
i t
i i  te tr
qiity f te prese t st
te,
w
r
w
s cmme ced wit te Veie tes (fr te trce 
d w expired[54])
d
wit te ter Etrri
s. I t
t w
r, bt te v
r
d d frt e
f is were c spics,
d e retr ed t Rme,
fter rti 

re
t
rmy f te e emy, w  qesti
by i , weter e tried te
dispsiti s f te f
ters r te pepe. He te sets
bt
wr f
pe
ce f te tmst imprt
ce; t
t,
s Nm

d bee te
tr f
reiis i stitti s, s psterity mit ceebr
te Servis
s te
f der f
 disti cti
m  te members f te st
te,
d f tse
rders by wic
imit
ti is est
bised betwee te derees f r


d frt e. Fr e i stitted te ce ss,

mst s
t
ry me
sre fr

empire desti ed t becme s re

t,
ccrdi  t wic te services
f w
r
d pe
ce were t be perfrmed, t by every pers ,
(i discrimi
tey,)
s frmery, bt i prprti t te
m t f
prperty. e e frmed,
ccrdi  t te ce ss, te c
sses
d
ce tries,
d te
rr
eme t
s it w exists, emi e ty sited eiter
t pe
ce r w
r.
[Ft te 53: By _pbic_--_priv
te_. e "pbic" were te steps t
e
by Servis t est
bis is pitic

sce de cy, wist te "priv
te"
refer t tse i te ded t stre te is f
miy c exi s.]
[Ft te 54: _e trce 
d w expired._ If te trce c cded wit
tem by Rms be ere me
t, it w
s   si ce expired, si ce
bt
140 ye
rs 
d w e
psed. It is prb
be, wever, t
t it w
s re ewed
i te rei f is.]
43. Of tse w 
d
est
te f
 dred ts
d
sses r mre, e
m
de eity ce tries, frty f se irs
d frty f j irs. A tese
were c
ed te first c
ss, te se irs were t be i re
di ess t


rd te city, te j irs t c
rry  w
r
br
d. e
rms e ji ed
tem were
emet,
r d sied, re
ves,
d
c
t f m
i,
 f
br
ss; tese were fr te defe ce f teir bdy; teir we
p s f
ffe ce were
spe
r
d
swrd.  tis c
ss were
dded tw ce tries
f mec
ics, w were t serve witt
rms; te dty impsed p tem
w
s t c
rry te miit
ry e i es. e sec d c
ss cmpree ded

wse est
te w
s frm seve ty-five t
 dred ts
d
sses,
d f
tese, se irs
d j irs, twe ty ce tries were e red. e
rms
e ji ed tem were
bcer i ste
d f
sied,
d except
c
t f
m
i,
 te rest were te s
me. He
ppi ted te prperty f te tird
c
ss t
m t t fifty ts
d
sses; te mber f ce tries w
s te
s
me,
d frmed wit te s
me disti cti f
e, r w
s tere
y
c
e i teir
rms,  y re
ves were t
e frm tem. I te frt
c
ss, te prperty w
s twe ty-five ts
d
sses, te s
me mber f
ce tries w
s frmed: te
rms were c
ed, ti  w
s ive tem bt

spe
r
d
  j
vei . e fift c
ss w
s i cre
sed, tirty
ce tries were frmed; tese c
rried si s
d st es fr trwi .
Am  tem were rec ed te r -bwers,
d te trmpeters,
distribted i t tree ce tries. is we c
ss w
s r
ted
t eeve
ts
d
sses. Prperty wer t
tis cmpree ded
 te rest f
te citize s,
d f tem  e ce try w
s m
de p wic w
s exempted
frm servi  i w
r. H
vi  ts divided
d
rmed te i f
try, e
evied tweve ce tries f  its frm
m  te cief me f te
st
te. Liewise t f te tree ce tries,
ppi ted by Rms, e
frmed ter six  der te s
me
mes wic tey 
d received
t teir
first i stitti . e ts
d
sses were ive tem t f te pbic
reve e, fr te byi  f rses,
d widws were
ssi ed tem, w
were t p
y tw ts
d
sses ye
ry fr te spprt f te rses. A
tese brde s were t
e ff te pr
d 
id  te ric. e

dditi
  r w
s c ferred p tem; fr te sffr
e w
s t w
r
ted prmiscsy t
,
s it 
d bee est
bised by Rms,
d
bserved by is sccessrs, t every m
wit te s
me priviee
d te
s
me rit, bt r
d
ti s were est
bised, s t
t   e mit seem
excded frm te rit f vti ,
d yet te we pwer mit reside
i te cief me f te st
te. Fr te  its were first c
ed,
d
te te eity ce tries f te first c
ss;
d if tey 
ppe ed t
differ, wic w
s sedm te c
se, tse f te sec d were c
ed:
d
tey sedm ever desce ded s w
s t cme t te west c
ss. Nr
eed we be srprised, t
t te prese t re
ti , wic w exists,
si ce te tribes were i cre
sed t tirty-five, sd t
ree i te
mber f ce tries f j irs
d se irs wit te
m t i stitted by
Servis is, tey bei  w dbe f w
t tey were
t t
t time.
Fr te city bei  divided i t fr p
rts,
ccrdi  t te rei s
d
is wic were te i 
bited, e c
ed tese divisi s tribes,
s I
ti , frm te tribte.[55] Fr te metd f evyi  t
xes r
te
by

ccrdi  t te v
e f est
tes w
s
s i trdced by im; r 
d
tese tribes
y re
ti t te mber
d distribti f te
ce tries.
[Ft te 55: V
rr, de L.L. iv. 36, ti s,  te c tr
ry, t
t
_tribtm_ w
s s c
ed,
s bei  p
id by te _tribes_.]
44. e ce ss bei  w cmpeted, wic e 
d expedited by te terrr
f

w p
ssed  tse t r
ted, wit tre
ts f impris me t
d
de
t, e issed
prc
m
ti t
t
 te Rm
citize s, rse
d
ft, sd
tte d
t te d
w f d
y i te C
mps M
rtis, e
c i
is ce try. ere e drew p is
rmy
d perfrmed
str
ti f it
by te s
crifices c
ed svet
rii
,
d t
t w
s c
ed te csi 
f te strm, bec
se t
t w
s te c csi f te ce ss. Eity
ts
d citize s
re s
id t 
ve bee r
ted i t
t srvey. F
bis

Pictr, te dest f r istri

s,
dds, t
t sc w
s te mber f
tse w were
be t be
r
rms. 
ccmmd
te t
t mber te city
seemed t reqire e 
reme t. He
dds tw is, te Qiri

d
Vimi
; te i c ti 
ti e e 
res te Esqii,
d t
es p is
w reside ce tere, i rder t
t respect
biity mit
tt
c t te
p
ce. He srr ds te city wit
r
mp
rt,
m
t,
d
w
: ts e
e 
res te pmrim. ey w re
rd  y te etymy f te
wrd, wi 
ve te pmrim t be
sp
ce f r d witt te
w
s; bt it is r
ter
sp
ce  e
c side te w
, wic te
Etrri
s i bidi  cities c secr
ted by
ry, re
ci  t

cert
i exte t bt witi
d witt i te directi tey i te ded t
r
ise te w
; s t
t te ses mit t be ji ed t it  te
i side,
s tey cmm y
re w,
d
s t
t tere mit be sme
sp
ce witt eft free frm m
ccp
ti . is sp
ce, wic it w
s
t 
wf t ti r i 
bit, te Rm
s c
ed te pmrim, t
fr its bei  witt te w
, mre t
fr te w
's bei  witt
it:
d i e 
ri  te city,
s f
r
s te w
s were i te ded t
prceed tw
rds, s f
r tese c secr
ted imits were iewise
exte ded.
45. e st
te bei  i cre
sed by te e 
reme t f te city,
d every
ti  mdeed
t me
d
br
d fr te exie cies bt f pe
ce
d
w
r, t
t te
cqisiti f pwer mit t
w
ys depe d  mere frce
f
rms, e e de
vred t exte d is empire by picy,
d
t te s
me
time t
dd sme r
me t t te city. [56]e tempe f Di


t
Epess w
s
t t
t time i i re w ; f
me represe ted it t 
ve
bee bit by
 te st
tes f Asi
, i cmm . We Servis,
mid sme
r
dees f te L
ti s wit wm e 
d t
e p
i s t frm c exi s
f spit
ity
d frie dsip, exted i i terms sc c crd
d

ssci
ti f teir ds, by freqe ty i sisti   te s
me sbject,
e
t e t prev
ied s f
r
s t
t te L
ti st
tes
reed t bid

tempe t Di


t Rme, i c j cti wit te Rm
pepe. is w
s

c wedme t t
t Rme w
s te e
d f bt
ti s, c cer i 
wic tey 
d s fte dispted i
rms.  t
t bject seemed t

ve bee eft t f c sider
ti by
 te L
ti s, i c seqe ce f
te m
tter 
vi  bee s fte
ttempted  sccessfy by
rms,
frt e seemed t prese t  e f te S
bi es wit
pprt ity f
recveri  te speririty t is c try by is w
ddress. A cw is
s
id t 
ve bee c
ved t
cert
i pers , te e
d f
f
miy
m 
te S
bi es, f srprisi  size
d be
ty. Her r s, wic were  
p i te prc f te tempe f Di

, rem
i ed, fr m
y
es,

m me t f tis w der. e ti  w

s ed p
s
prdiy,
s it
w
s,
d te sts
yers dec
red, t
t sverei ty wd reside i t
t
st
te f wic
citize sd imm
te tis eifer t Di

. is
predicti 
d
s re
ced te e
rs f te i priest f Di

. e
S
bi e, we e tt te prper time fr fferi  te s
crifice w
s
cme, drve te cw t Rme, ed er t te tempe f t
t ddess,
d
set er befre te
t
r. e Rm
priest, strc wit te  cmm
size f te victim, s mc ceebr
ted by f
me, ts
ccsted te
S
bi e: "W
t i te dest t t d, str
er?" s
ys e. "Is it wit
impre 
ds t ffer
s
crifice t Di

? Wy dst t t first w
s
tysef i r i  w
ter? e iber r s
  i te bttm f t
t
v
ey." e str
er, bei  seized wit
scrpe f c scie ce,
d
desirs f 
vi  every ti  d e i de frm, t
t te eve t mit

swer te predicti , frm te tempe we t dw t te iber. I te
me
time te priest s
crificed te cw t Di

, wic 
ve re
t
s
tisf
cti t te i ,
d t te we st
te.
[Ft te 56: _empe f Di

_. Bit  te smmit f te Ave ti e
m t tw
rds te iber. O its br
ze pi
r were e r
ved te 
ws f

te tre
ty,
d wic were sti ext
t i

te time f Asts.]

46. Servis, t e 

d w
cqired
i dispt
be rit t te
i dm by   pssessi , yet
s e e
rd t
t expressi s were
smetimes trw t by y  
rqi , imprti , "
t e ed te
crw witt te c se t f te pepe," 
vi  first secred teir
d wi by dividi 
m  tem, m
by m
, te 
ds t
e frm teir
e emies, e ve tred t prpse te qesti t te pepe, weter tey
"cse
d rdered t
t e sd be i ,"
d w
s dec
red i  wit
sc 
imity,
s 
d t bee bserved i te eecti f
y f is
predecessrs. Bt tis circmst
ce dimi ised t 
rqi 's pe f
bt
i i  te tr e;
y, bec
se e 
d bserved t
t te qesti f
te distribti f 
d t te pepe[57] w
s c
rried

i st te wi
f te f
ters, e fet s mc te mre s
tisfied t
t
pprt ity
w
s w prese ted t im f
rr
i i  Servis befre te f
ters,
d
f i cre
si  is w i fe ce i te se
te, e bei  imsef

tr
y f
fiery temper,
d is wife, i
,
t me stim
ti 
is restess temper. Fr te Rm
p

ce
s
ffrded
i st
ce f
tr
ic it, s t
t tr teir disst f i s, iberty mit cme
mre m
tred,
d te tr e, wic sd be
tt
i ed tr crime,
mit be te 
st. is L. 
rqi is (weter e w
s te s r
r
ds f 
rqi is Priscs is t ce
r; wit te re
ter mber f

trities, wever, I wd s

y, is s [58]) 
d
brter, Ar s

rqi is,
yt f
mid dispsiti .  tese tw,
s 
s bee

re
dy st
ted, te tw i, d
ters f te i , 
d bee m
rried,
tey
s bei  f widey differe t tempers. It 
d s 
ppe ed t
t te
tw vie t dispsiti s were t  ited i m
rri
e, tr te d
frt e, I sspect, f te Rm
pepe, i rder t
t te rei f
Servis mit be mre prtr
cted,
d te mr
s f te st
te be firmy
est
bised. e 
ty i
w
s c
ri ed, t
t tere w
s 
m
teri
 i er sb
d, eiter fr
mbiti r bd d
ri . Directi 

 er re
rd t te ter 
rqi is, im se
dmired, im se c
ed

m
,
d  e try desce ded f ry
 bd; se expressed er
c tempt f er sister, bec
se, 
vi  t
m
, se w
s deficie t i
te spirit becmi 
wm
. Simi
rity f mi d s dr
ws tem
teter,
s wiced ess is i e er
 mst c e i
 t wiced ess. Bt
te cmme ceme t f prdci  e er
 c fsi rii
ted wit te
wm
. Se,
ccstmed t te secret c vers
ti s f te ter's
sb
d, refr
i ed t frm si  te mst c tmeis 

e f er
sb
d t is brter, f er sister t (er sister's) sb
d,
d
c te ded, t
t it were better t
t se ersef were  m
rried,
d e
si e, t
t
t tey sd be m
tced  sit
by, s t
t tey mst

is
w
y tr ife by re
s f te d
st
rdy c dct f ters.
If te ds 
d r
ted er te sb
d f wm se w
s wrty, t
t se
sd s see te crw i er w se, wic se w s
w
t er
f
ter's. Se s i spires te y  m
wit er w d
ri  ti s.
Ar s 
rqi is
d te y er i
, we tey 
d, by immedi
te
sccessive de
ts, m
de teir ses v
c
t fr ew pti
s,
re  ited
i m
rri
e, Servis r
ter t pribiti  t

pprvi  te me
sre.
[Ft te 57: is is ticed
s te first tr
ce f te Ar
ri

divisi by Niebr, i. p. 161.]

[Ft te 58: _His s _. Di ysis wi 
ve it t
t e w
s te
r
ds . See Nieb. i. p. 367.]
47. e i deed te d
e f Servis be
t be every d
y mre
disqieted, is rei t be mre  
ppy. Fr w te wm
ed frm
 e crime t
ter,
d sffered t er sb
d t rest by it r
by d
y, est teir p
st mrders mit  fr ti . "
t w
t se 
d

w
ted w
s t
pers wse wife se mit be c
ed, r  e wit wm
se mit i sie ce ive
s
ve; w
t se 
d w
ted w
s  e w wd
c sider imsef wrty f te tr e; w wd remember t
t e w
s
te s f 
rqi is Priscs; w wd r
ter pssess
i dm t

pe fr it. If y, t wm I c sider mysef m

rried,
re sc
 e,
I
ddress y bt
s sb
d
d i ; bt if t, r c diti 
s
bee c
ed s f
r fr te wrse,
s i t
t pers crime is
ssci
ted
wit me
ess. Wy t prep
re yrsef? It is t ecess
ry fr y,
s
fr yr f
ter, (cmi  ere) frm Cri t r 
rqi ii, t strive fr
frei tr es. Yr sed
d c try's ds, te im
e f yr
f
ter,
d te ry
 p

ce,
d te ry
 tr e i t
t p

ce,
c stitte
d c
 y i . Or if y 
ve t itte spirit fr tis,
wy d y dis
ppi t te
ti ? Wy d y sffer yrsef t be
ed p t
s
pri ce? Get e ce t 
rqi ii r Cri t. Si  b
c


i t yr (rii
) r
ce, mre ie yr brter t
yr f
ter."
By cidi  im i tese
d ter terms, se sprs  te y  m
; r
c
se ersef rest; (i di
t) t
t we 

qi,
frei wm
,
cd
cieve s re
t
prject,
s t bestw tw sccessive tr es 
er sb
d,
d te  er s -i -
w, se, spr  frm ry
 bd,
sd 
ve  weit i bestwi 
d t
i 
w
y
i dm.

rqi is, drive  by tese fre zied i sti
ti s f te wm
,
be
t  r d
d sicit te p
trici
s, especi
y tse f te
y er f
miies;[59] remi ded tem f is f
ter's i d ess,
d
c
imed
retr fr it; e ticed te y  me by prese ts; i cre
sed
is i terest,
s we by m
i  m
 ifice t prmises  is w p
rt,
s
by i veii 

i st te i 
t every pprt ity. At e t,
s s

s te time seemed c ve ie t fr

ccmpisi  is bject, e rsed
i t te frm,
ccmp
ied by
p
rty f
rmed me ; te , wist

were strc wit dism
y, se
ti  imsef  te tr e befre te
se
te-se, e rdered te f
ters t be smm ed t te se
te-se
by te crier t
tte d i  
rqi is. ey
ssembed immedi
tey, sme
bei 
re
dy prep
red fr te cc
si , sme tr fe
r, est teir
t 
vi  cme mit prve detrime t
 t tem,
st ded
t te
vety
d str
e ess f te m
tter,
d c sideri  t
t it w
s w

 ver wit Servis. e 

rqi is, cmme ci  is i vectives


i st is immedi
te
cestrs: "t
t
s
ve,
d br f
s
ve,

fter te  timey de

t f is p
re t, witt
i terre m bei 

dpted,
s  frmer cc
si s, witt
y cmiti
(bei  ed),
witt te sffr
es f te pepe, r te s
cti f te f
ters, e

d t
e pssessi f te i dm
s te ift f
wm
. 
t s
br , s cre
ted i , ever
f
vrer f te mst der
ded c
ss, t
wic e imsef be s, tr

tred f te i st
ti f
ters, e 
d t
e teir 
d frm te e
di  me f te st
te
d
divided it
m  te very me
est; t
t e 
d 
id
 te brde s,
wic were frmery cmm ,  te cief members f te cmm ity; t
t
e 
d i stitted te ce ss, i rder t
t te frt e f te we
tier
citize s mit be c spics t (excite) pbic e vy,
d t
t
 w
s
prep
red we ce e mit bestw 
resses  te mst eedy, we ever e
mit pe
se."
[Ft te 59: _Y er f
miies_. ese 
d bee brt i t te
se
te,
s we 
ve see , by 
rqi is Priscs,
d c seqe ty
f
vred te 
rqi i
i terest. Nieb. i. p. 372.]
48. We Servis,
rsed by te

rmi 
 ceme t, c
me i dri 
tis 
r
e, immedi
tey frm te prc f te se
te-se, e s
ys
wit
d vice, "W
t me
s tis, 
rqi ? by w
t
d
city 
st t
d
red t smm te f
ters, wie I
m sti
ive? r t sit  my
tr e?"  tis, we e fiercey repied "t
t e, te s f
i ,
ccpied te tr e f is f
ter,
mc fitter sccessr t te tr e

t

s
ve; t
t e (Servis) 
d i sted is m
sters f  
e  by is
rbitr
ry sffi ,"
st
rises frm te p
rtis
s f
bt,
d
rs f te pepe i t te se
te-se t p
ce,
d it
bec
me evide t t
t wever c
me ff victr wd 
ve te tr e. e

rqi , ecessity itsef w bii  im t 
ve recrse t te 
st
extremity, 
vi  mc te
dv
t
e bt i ye
rs
d stre t, seizes
Servis by te midde,
d 
vi  t
e im t f te se
te-se,
trws im dw te steps t te bttm. He te retr s t te
se
te-se t
ssembe te se
te. e i 's fficers
d
tte d
ts
fy. He imsef,
mst ifeess, we e w
s retr i  me wit is
ry
 reti e frite ed t de
t,
d 
d
rrived
t te tp f te
Cypri
street, is s
i by tse w 
d bee se t by 
rqi ,
d 
d
vert
e im i is fit. As te
ct is t i c siste t wit er
ter m
red c dct, it is beieved t 
ve bee d e by i
's

dvice. Cert
i it is, (fr it is re
diy
dmitted,) t
t drivi  i t
te frm i er c
rit,
d t
b
sed by te crwd f pers s tere,
se c
ed er sb
d t f te se
te-se,
d w
s te first t
stye im i ;
d we ,  bei  cmm
ded by im t witdr
w frm
sc
tmt, se w
s retr i  me,
d 
d
rrived
t te tp f te
Cypri
street, were Di

's tempe 
tey w
s,
s se w
s tr i  t
te rit t te Orbi
i, i rder t
rrive
t te Esqii e, te
pers w w
s drivi , bei  terrified, stpped
d drew i te rei s,

d pi ted t t is mistress te mrdered Servis

s e 
y. O tis
cc
si
revti 
d i m
crime is st
ted t 
ve bee cmmitted,

d te p
ce is
m me t f it. ey c
 it te Wiced Street, were
i
, fr
tic
d red  by te fries f er sister
d sb
d, is
reprted t 
ve drive er c
rit ver er f
ter's bdy,
d t 
ve
c
rried
prti f er f
ter's bdy
d bd t er w
d er
sb
d's sed ds, ersef
s bei  st
i ed
d spri ed wit
it; tr wse ve e
ce rests crresp di  t te wiced
cmme ceme t f te rei were s t fw. is rei ed
frty-fr ye
rs i sc
m
er t
t
cmpetiti wit im wd
prve diffict eve fr
d
d mder
te sccessr. Bt tis
s

s bee

ccessi t is ry, t
t wit im perised
 jst
d
eitim
te rei s. is
trity, s mid
d s mder
te, yet, bec
se
it w
s vested i  e, sme s
y t
t e 
d it i c temp
ti t
resi ,[60] 
d t te wiced ess f is f
miy i terfered wit im
wist medit
ti  te iber
ti f is c try.
[Ft te 60: _ resi _. Niebr is f pi i t
t w
t is s
id
re
rdi  te Cmme t
ries f Servis is, c
p. 60, 
s refere ce
t tis.]
49. After tis perid 
rqi be
is rei , wse
cti s prcred
im te sr
me f te Prd, fr e refsed is f
ter-i -
w bri
,

ei , t
t eve Rms died witt septre. He pt t de
t te
pri cip
 se
trs, wm e sspected f 
vi  bee i te i terest f
Servis. e , c scis t
t te precede t f bt
i i  te crw by
evi me
s mit be
dpted frm im

i st imsef, e srr ded is
pers wit
rmed me , fr e 
d  c
im t te i dm except frce,
i
smc
s e rei ed witt eiter te rder f te pepe r te
s
cti f te se
te.  tis w
s
dded (te f
ct) t
t,
s e repsed
 pe i te
ffecti f is sbjects, e f d it ecess
ry t
secre is i dm by terrr;
d i rder t strie tis i t te
re
ter mber, e t c iz
ce f c
pit
 c
ses sey by imsef
witt
ssessrs;
d  der t
t pretext e 
d it i is pwer t pt
t de
t, b
is, r fi e, t  y tse w were sspected r 
ted,
bt tse
s frm wm e cd bt
i ti  ese bt p der. e
mber f te f
ters mre especi
y bei  ts dimi ised, e
determi ed t eect  e i t te se
te, i rder t
t te rder mit

becme c temptibe by teir very p

city,
d t
t tey mit fee te
ess rese tme t
t  bsi ess bei  tr
s
cted by tem. Fr e w
s te
first i  w vi
ted te cstm derived frm is predecessrs f
c sti  te se
te 
 sbjects; e
dmi istered te pbic
bsi ess by dmestic c ses. W
r, pe
ce, tre
ties,
i
ces, e
c tr
cted
d dissved wit wmsever e pe
sed, witt te
s
cti f te pepe
d se
te. e
ti f te L
ti s i
p
rtic
r e wised t
tt
c t im, s t
t by frei i fe ce
s
e mit be mre secre
m  is w sbjects;
d e c tr
cted t
 y ties f spit
ity bt
ffi ities
s wit teir e
di  me . 
Oct
vis M
miis f scm e ives is d
ter i m
rri
e; (e w
s
by f
r te mst emi e t f te L
ti
me, bei  desce ded, if we
beieve tr
diti , frm Uysses
d te ddess Circe,
d by tis m
tc
e
tt
ces t imsef is mers i sme
d frie ds).
50. e i fe ce f 
rqi
m  te cief me f te L
ti s w
s w
c sider
be, we e isses
rder t
t tey sd
ssembe 

cert
i d
y
t te rve f Fere ti
; t
t tere w
s bsi ess
bt
wic e wised t c fer wit tem tci  teir cmm i terest. ey

ssembe i re
t mbers
t te bre
 f d
y. 
rqi is imsef
bserved te d
y i deed, bt e c
me
itte befre s -set. M
y
m
tters were tere c
v
ssed i te meeti  i v
ris c vers
ti s.
r s Herd is, frm Arici
, i veied vie ty

i st 
rqi fr
is
bse ce. "
t it w
s  w der te c me f Prd w
s ive im

t Rme;" fr tey w c

ed im s secrety
d i wispers, bt sti
e er
y. "Cd
yti  be mre prd t
ts t trife wit te
e tire
ti f te L
ti s? After teir ciefs 
d bee c
ed
t s
re
t
dist
ce frm me, t
t e w smm ed te meeti  did t

tte d; t
t  dbt teir p
tie ce w
s tried, i rder t
t if tey
sbmitted t te ye, e m
y crs tem we
t is mercy. Fr t wm
did it t p
i y
ppe
r t
t e w
s
imi 
t sverei ty ver te
L
ti s? Bt if is w c tryme did we i i trsti  it t im, r
if it w
s i trsted,
d t seized  by me
s f mrder, t
t te
L
ti s
s t t i trst im (t t eve s, i
smc
s e w
s

frei er). Bt if is w sbjects

re diss
tisfied wit im, (seei 
t
t tey
re btcered  e p
ter, drive i t exie,
d
deprived f teir prperty,) w
t better prspects
re ed t t te
L
ti s? If tey fw is
dvice, t
t tey wd dep
rt te ce, e
c
t is w me,
d t
e  mre tice f te d
y f meeti  t
te
pers w
ppi ted it." We tis m
, trbe t
d d
ri ,
d  e
w 
d
tt
i ed i fe ce
t me by tese me
s, w
s pressi  tese

d ter bserv
ti s 
vi  te s
me te de cy, 
rqi c
me i . is
pt
c csi t is 
r
e. A tr ed
w
y frm im t s
te

rqi , w,  sie ce bei  e ji ed, bei 
dvised by tse ext im
t
pize fr 
vi  cme
t t
t time, s
ys, t
t e 
d bee cse

rbiter betwee
f
ter
d
s ; t
t, frm is
xiety t rec cie
tem, e 
d de
yed;
d bec
se t
t circmst
ce 
d c smed t
t
d
y, t
t  te mrrw e wd tr
s
ct te bsi ess wic e 
d
determi ed  . ey s
y t
t e did t m
e eve t
t bserv
ti
witt
rem
r frm r s; "t
t  c trversy w
s srter t
 e
betwee
f
ter
d s ,
d t
t it mit be decided i
few
wrds,-- ess e sbmitted t is f
ter, t
t e mst prve
 frt
te."
51. e Arici
witdrew frm te meeti , tteri  tese refecti s


i st te Rm
i . 
rqi , feei  te m
tter mc mre
ctey
t
e
ppe
red t d, immedi
tey sets
bt p
i  te de
t f
r s, i rder t
t e mit i spire i t te L
ti s te s
me terrr
wit wic e 
d crsed te spirits f is w sbjects
t me;
d
bec
se e cd t be pt t de
t pe y, by virte f is
trity,

e
ccmpised te ri f tis i ce t m
by bri i 
f
se

ccs
ti

i st im. By me
s f sme Arici
s f te ppsite
f
cti , e bribed
serv
t f r s wit d, t sffer
re
t
mber f swrds t be i trdced priv
tey i t is di . We tis

d bee cmpeted i te crse f  e it, 
rqi , 
vi  smm ed
te ciefs f te L
ti s t im
itte befre d
y,
s if

rmed by
sme str
e ccrre ce, s
ys, "t
t is de
y f yesterd
y, 
vi  bee
cc
si ed
s it were by sme prvide ti
 c
re f te ds, 
d bee
te me
s f preserv
ti t im
d tem; t
t it w
s td t im t
t
destrcti w
s prep
red by r s fr im
d te ciefs f te L
ti s,
t
t e
 e mit bt
i te ver me t f te L
ti s. 
t e w
s t

ve m
de te
ttempt yesterd
y
t te meeti ; t
t te m
tter w
s
deferred, bec
se te pers w smm ed te meeti  w
s
bse t, wm
e ciefy
imed
t. 
t te ce
rse t
t
bse f im fr bei 

bse t, bec
se e dis
ppi ted is pes by de
yi . 
t e 
d 
dbt, bt t
t if te trt were td im, e wd cme
t te bre

f d
y, we te
ssemby met,
tte ded wit
b
d f c spir
trs,
d
wit
rms i is 
ds. 
t it w
s s
id t
t
re
t mber f swrds

d bee c veyed t is se. Weter t
t be tre r t, mit be
 w immedi
tey. He reqested t
t tey wd
ccmp
y im te ce t
r s." Bt te d
ri  temper f r s,
d is 
r
e f
yesterd
y,
d te de
y f 
rqi , re dered te m
tter sspicis,
bec
se it seemed pssibe t
t te mrder mit 
ve bee pt ff i
c seqe ce f it. ey prceed te wit mi ds i ci ed i deed t
beieve, yet determi ed t c sider every ti  f
se,  ess te swrds
were detected. We tey
rrived tere, r s is
rsed frm seep,

d 
rds
re p
ced
r d im;
d te serv
ts, w, frm
ffecti
t teir m
ster, were prep
ri  t se frce, bei  secred, we te
swrds, wic 
d bee c ce
ed, were dr
w t frm
 p
rts f te
di , te i deed te we m
tter
ppe
red m
ifest,
d c
i s were
p
ced  r s;
d frtwit
meeti  f te L
ti s w
s smm ed

mid re
t c fsi . ere,  te swrds bei  brt frw
rd i te
midst, sc vie t 
tred
rse

i st im, t
t witt bei 
wed

defe ce, by
ve mde f de
t, bei  trw i t te reservir f
te w
ter f Fere ti
,
rde[61] bei  p
ced ver im,
d st es
bei  trw i t t
t, e w
s drw ed.
[Ft te 61: _Hrde_,
mde f p isme t i se
m  te
C
rt
i i
s. See 
c. Germ. 12. Simi
r t te Gree, .]
52. Taru
, hav
g rcalld th Lat
s t th mt
g, a d applaudd
ths wh had
fl
ctd wll-mr
td pu
shm t  Tur us, as  
c v
ctd f parr
c
d, by h
s attmpt
g a cha g f gvr m t, spk
as fllws: "That h culd
dd prcd by a l g-stabl
shd r
ght;
bcaus, s
c all th Lat
s wr spru g frm Alba, thy wr
cludd

that traty by wh
ch th  t
r Alba at
 , w
th th
r cl
s,
fll u dr th dm

 f Rm, u dr Tullus. Hwvr, fr th sak f
th
trst f all part
s, h thught rathr, that that traty shuld
b r wd; a d that th Lat
s shuld, as part
c
patrs,  jy th
prspr
ty f th Rma ppl, rathr tha that thy shuld b
c sta tly 
thr apprh d
g r suffr
g th dml
t
 f th
r tw
a d th dvastat
 s f th
r la ds, wh
ch thy suffrd frmrly
th
r
g f A cus, aftrwards
th r
g f h
s w fathr." Th Lat
s
wr prsuadd w
thut a y d
ff
culty, thugh
that traty th
adva tag lay  th s
d f Rm; but thy bth saw that th ch
fs f
th Lat

at
 s
dd a d c currd w
th th k
g, a d Tur us was a
rc t
sta c f h
s da gr t ach,
f h shuld mak a y pps
t
 .
Thus th traty was r wd, a d t
c was g
v t th yu g m f
th Lat
s, that, accrd
g t th traty, thy shuld att d

c s
drabl umbrs
arms,  a crta
day, at th grv f

Fr t
a. A d wh thy assmbld frm all th stats accrd
g t th
d
ct f th Rma k
g,
rdr that thy shuld 
thr hav a
g ral f th
r w , r a sparat cmma d, r th
r w sta dards, h
cmpu dd cmpa
s f Lat
s a d Rma s, s as t mak   ut f tw,
a d tw ut f  ; th cmpa
s b
g thus dubld, h app
td
c tur
 s vr thm.
53. Nr was Taru
, thugh a tyra
cal pr
c
pac, a dsp
cabl
g ral
war; ay, h wuld hav ualld h
s prdcssrs
that
art, had t h
s [62]dg racy
thr rspcts l
kw
s dtractd
frm h
s mr
t hr. H bga th war aga
st th lsc
, wh
ch lastd
tw hu drd yars aftr h
s t
m, a d tk frm thm Sussa Pmt
a by
strm; a d wh by th sal f th sp
ls h had amassd frty tal ts
f s
lvr a d f gld, h ds
g d such mag
f
c c fr a tmpl t
Jup
tr, as shuld b wrthy f th k
g f gds a d m , f th Rma
mp
r, a d f th majsty f th plac
tslf: fr th bu
ld
g f th
s
tmpl h st apart th m y ar
s
g frm th sp
ls. S aftr a war
cam up h
m, mr td
us tha h xpctd,
wh
ch, hav
g
va

attmptd t strm Gab

, a c
ty
h
s 
ghburhd, wh b
g
rpulsd frm th walls all hps f tak
g
t by s
g als was tak
frm h
m, h assa
ld
t by fraud a d stratagm, arts by  ma s Rma .
Fr wh , as
f th war was la
d as
d, h prt dd t b bus
ly tak
up w
th lay
g th fu dat
 f th tmpl, a d w
th h
s thr wrks

th c
ty, Sxtus, th yu gst f h
s thr s s, accrd
g t c crt,
fld t Gab

, cmpla

g f th
huma crulty f h
s fathr, "that
h had tur d h
s tyra y frm thrs aga
st h
s w fam
ly, a d was
u asy at th umbr f h
s w ch
ldr ,
t d
g t mak th sam
dslat
 s
h
s w hus wh
ch h had mad
th s at,
rdr
that h m
ght lav bh
d h
m 
ssu, r h
r t h
s k
gdm. That
fr h
s w part, as h had scapd frm am
dst th swrds a d thr
wap s f h
s fathr, h was prsuadd h culd f
d  safty a y
whr but am g th  m
s f L. Taru
. A d, that thy m
ght t b
ld astray, that th war, wh
ch
t
s w prt dd has b g
v up,
st
ll l
s
rsrv, a d that h wuld attack thm wh ff th
r
guard  th ccurr c f a pprtu
ty. But
f thr b  rfug
fr suppl
a ts am g thm, that h wuld travrs all Lat
um, a d wuld
apply t th lsc
a s, a d u
a s, a d Hr
c
a s, u t
l h shuld
cm t ths wh k w hw t prtct ch
ldr frm th
mp
us a d
crul prscut
 f par ts. That prhaps h wuld f
d sm ardur
als t tak up arms a d wag war aga
st th
s prud k
g a d h
s
haughty subjcts." As h smd a prs l
kly t g furthr  ward,

c sd w
th a gr,
f thy pa
d h
m  rgard, h
s rc
vd by th
Gab
a s vry k
dly. Thy b
d h
m t t b surpr
sd,
f h wr at
last th sam t h
s ch
ldr as h had b t h
s subjcts a d
all
s;--that h wuld ult
matly v t h
s rag  h
mslf
f thr
bjcts fa
ld h
m;--that h
s cm
g was vry accptabl t thm, a d
thy thught that
t wuld cm t pass that by h
s a
d th war wuld b
tra sfrrd frm th gats f Gab

t th walls f Rm.
[Ft t 62: _H
s dg racy--dg ratum_. Th
s us f th pass
v
part
c
pl
s f fru t ccurr c
L
vy.]
54. Up th
s h was adm
ttd
t th
r publ
c cu c
ls, whr thugh,
w
th rgard t thr mattrs, h prfssd t subm
t t th judgm t f
th ld
hab
ta ts f Gab

, t whm thy wr bttr k w , yt h
vry w a d th adv
sd thm t r w th war; t that h prt dd
t a supr
r k wldg, bcaus h was wll acua
td w
th th
str gth f bth at
 s, a d k w that th k
g's pr
d was dc
ddly
bcm hatful t h
s subjcts, wh
ch t v h
s w ch
ldr culd
w  dur. As h thus by dgrs st
rrd up th bls f th Gab
a s

t r w th war, w t h
mslf w
th th mst act
v f th
r yuth 

plu dr
g part
s a d xpd
t
 s, a d
ll-gru dd crd
t was attachd
t all h
s wrds a d act
 s, framd as thy wr fr dcpt
 , h
s
at l gth chs g ral-
-ch
f
th war. Thr wh , th ppl
b
g st
ll
g ra t f what was rally g
g  , svral sk
rm
shs
w
th th Rma s tk plac, whr
th Gab
a s g rally had th
adva tag, th all th Gab
a s, frm th h
ghst t th lwst, wr
f
rmly prsuadd, that Sxtus Taru

us had b s t t thm as th
r
g ral, by th spc
al favur f th gds. By h
s xps
g h
mslf t
fat
gus a d da grs, a d by h
s g rs
ty
d
v
d
g th plu dr, h
was s blvd by th sld
rs, that Taru
th fathr had t gratr
pwr at Rm tha th s at Gab

. Wh h saw h had gt suff
c
 t
str gth cllctd t supprt h
m
a y u drtak
g, h s t   f
h
s c f
da ts t Rm t ask h
s fathr what h w
shd h
m t d,
s
g th gds had gra td h
m th sl ma agm t f all affa
rs at
Gab

. T th
s cur
r  a swr by wrd f muth was g
v , bcaus, I
supps, h appard f ust
 abl f
dl
ty. Th k
g g
g
t a
gard f th palac, as
t wr t c s
dr f th mattr, fllwd by
h
s s 's mss gr; walk
g thr fr sm t
m
s
l c, h
s sa
d
t hav struck ff th hads f th tallst ppp
s w
th h
s staff. Th
mss gr, war
d w
th dma d
g a d wa
t
g fr a a swr, rtur d t
Gab

as
f w
thut hav
g accmpl
shd h
s bjct, a d tld what h had
sa
d h
mslf, a d what h had bsrvd, add
g, "that Taru
, 
thr
thrugh pass
 , avrs
 t h
m, r h
s
at pr
d, had t spk a
wrd." As s as
t bcam v
d t t Sxtus what h
s fathr w
shd,
a d what c duct h rcmm dd by ths s
l t
t
mat
 s, h put t
dath th mst m
 t m f th c
ty, accus
g sm f thm t th
ppl, a d thrs wh wr xpsd by th
r w u ppular
ty. Ma y wr
xcutd publ
cly, a d sm, aga
st whm a
mpachm t was l
kly t
prv lss spc
us, wr scrtly assass
atd. Ma s f scap wr t
sm allwd, a d thrs wr ba
shd, a d th
r stats, as wll as
th stats f ths wh wr put t dath, publ
cly d
str
butd. By th
swts f crrupt
 , plu dr, a d pr
vat adva tag rsult
g frm
ths d
str
but
 s, th s s f th publ
c calam
t
s bcam
xt
gu
shd
thm, t
ll th stat f Gab

, dst
tut f cu sl a d
ass
sta c, was dl
vrd w
thut a struggl
t th ha ds f th Rma
k
g.
55. Taru
, thus put
pssss
 f Gab

, mad pac w
th th
u
a s, a d r wd th traty w
th th Etrur
a s. Th h tur d h
s
thughts t th bus
ss f th c
ty. Th ch
f whrf was that f
lav
g bh
d h
m th tmpl f Jup
tr  th Tarp
a mu t, as a
m um t f h
s am a d r
g ; [s
c pstr
ty wuld rmmbr] that f
tw Taru


, bth k
gs, th fathr had vwd, th s cmpltd
t.
A d that th ara, xclud
g all thr frms f wrsh
p, m
ght b
 t
rly apprpr
atd t Jup
tr, a d h
s tmpl, wh
ch was t b
rctd up
t, h rslvd t u hallw svral small tmpls a d
chapls, wh
ch had b vwd f
rst by k
g Tat
us,
th hat f th
battl aga
st Rmulus, a d wh
ch h aftrwards c scratd a d
dd
catd. I th vry bg

g f fu d
g th
s wrk
t
s sa
d that
th gds xrtd th
r d
v

ty t prsag th futur grat ss f th
s
mp
r; fr thugh th b
rds dclard fr th u hallw
g f all th
thr tmpls, thy d
d t adm
t f
t w
th rspct t that f
Trm
us. Th
s m a d augury wr tak t
mprt that Trm
us's t
cha g
g h
s rs
d c, a d b
g th  ly   f th gds wh was t
calld ut f th placs dvtd t th
r wrsh
p, prsagd th durat

a d stab
l
ty f th
r mp
r. Th
s b
g dmd a m f th
prptu
ty, thr fllwd a thr prt d
g th grat ss f th
mp
r. It
s rprtd that th had f a ma , w
th th fac  t
r,
appard t th wrkm wh d
gg
g th fu dat
 f th tmpl. Th

s
ght f th
s ph m  u u
vcally prsagd that th
s tmpl shuld
b th mtrpl
s f th mp
r, a d th had f th wrld; a d s
dclard th sthsayrs, bth ths wh wr
th c
ty, a d ths
whm thy had s t fr frm Etrur
a, t c sult  th
s subjct. Th
k
g was  curagd t  larg th xp s; s that th sp
ls f
Pmt
a, wh
ch had b dst
d t cmplt th wrk, scarcly suff
cd
fr lay
g th fu dat
 . O th
s accu t I am mr
cl
d t bl
v
Fab
us P
ctr, bs
ds h
s b
g th mr a c
 t h
str
a , that thr
wr  ly frty tal ts, tha P
s, wh says that frty thusa d pu ds
w
ght f s
lvr wr st apart fr that purps; a sum f m y 
thr
t b xpctd frm th sp
ls f a y   c
ty
ths t
ms, a d  
that wuld mr tha suff
c fr th fu dat
 f a y structur, v
thugh xh
b
t
g th mag
f
c c f mdr structurs.
56. Taru
,
t t up f

sh
g th
s tmpl, hav
g s t fr wrkm
frm all parts f Etrur
a, mplyd 
t t  ly th publ
c m y, but
th ma ual labur f th ppl; a d wh th
s labur, by  ma s

c s
drabl

tslf, was addd t th
r m
l
tary srv
c, st
ll th
ppl murmurd lss at th
r bu
ld
g th tmpls f th gds w
th
th
r w ha ds; thy wr aftrwards tra sfrrd t thr wrks, wh
ch,
wh
lst lss
shw, (ru
rd) st
ll gratr t
l: such as th rct
g
b chs
th c
rcus, a d c duct
g u dr gru d th pr
c
pal
swr,[63] th rcptacl f all th f
lth f th c
ty; t wh
ch tw
wrks v mdr spl dur ca scarcly prduc a y th
g ual. Th
ppl hav
g b mplyd
ths wrks, bcaus h bth c s
drd
that such a mult
tud was a burd t th c
ty wh thr was 
mplym t fr thm, a d furthr, h was a x
us that th fr t
rs f
th mp
r shuld b mr xt s
vly ccup
d by s d
g cl
sts, h
s t cl
sts t S
g
a a d 
rc

, t srv as df s
v barr
rs
hraftr t th c
ty by la d a d sa. Wh
l h was thus mplyd a
fr
ghtful prd
gy appard t h
m. A srp t sl
d
g ut f a wd
p
llar, aftr caus
g d
smay a d a ru
t th palac, t s much
struck th k
g's hart w
th sudd trrr, as f
lld h
m w
th a x
us
sl
c
tud. Accrd
gly wh Etrur
a sthsayrs  ly wr mplyd fr
publ
c prd
g
s, trr
f
d at th
s as
t wr dmst
c appar
t
 , h
dtrm
d  s d
g prs s t Dlphs t th mst clbratd racl

th wrld; a d t v tur
g t
trust th rsp ss f th racl
t a y thr prs , h dspatchd h
s tw s s t Grc thrugh la ds
u k w at that t
m, a d sas st
ll mr s. T
tus a d Aru s wr th
tw wh w t. T thm wr addd, as a cmpa
 , L. Ju
us Brutus, th
s f Taru

a, s
str t th k
g, a yuth f a  t
rly d
ffr t
ual
ty f m
d frm that th d
sgu
s f wh
ch h had assumd. Brutus,
 har
g that th ch
f m f th c
ty, a d am g thrs h
s w
brthr, had b put t dath by h
s u cl, rslvd t lav th
g

h
s
tllcts that m
ght b dradd by th k
g, r a y th
g

h
s frtu  t b cvtd, a d thus t b scur
c tmpt, whr
thr was but l
ttl prtct

just
c. Thrfr ds
g dly
fash

g h
mslf t th smbla c f fl
sh ss, aftr h suffrd
h
mslf a d h
s whl stat t bcm a pry t th k
g, h d
d t
rfus t tak v th sur am f Brutus, that, c cald u dr th
cvr f such a cg m , that g
us that was t l
brat th Rma
ppl m
ght awa
t
ts prpr t
m. H, b
g brught t Dlphs by th
Taru


rathr as a subjct f sprt tha as a cmpa
 ,
s sa
d t
hav brught w
th h
m as a ffr
g t Apll a gld rd,  clsd

a staff f cr l-wd hllwd ut fr th purps, a myst
cal mblm
f h
s w m
d. Wh thy arr
vd thr, th
r fathr's cmm
ss

b
g xcutd, a ds
r s
zd th yu g m f
u
r
g  wh
ch f
thm th svr
g ty f Rm shuld dvlv. Thy say that a v
c was
rtur d frm th bttm f th cav, "Yu g m , wh
chvr f yu shall
f
rst k
ss h
s mthr shall  jy th svr
g pwr at Rm." Th

Taru


rdr th mattr t b kpt scrt w
th th utmst car, that
Sxtus, wh had b lft bh
d at Rm, m
ght b
g ra t f th
rsp s, a d hav  shar
th k
gdm; thy cast lts am g
thmslvs, as t wh
ch f thm shuld f
rst k
ss h
s mthr, aftr thy
had rtur d t Rm. Brutus, th
k
g that th Pyth
a rsp s had
a thr ma
g, as
f h had stumbld a d fall , tuchd th gru d
w
th h
s l
ps; sh b
g, frsth, th cmm mthr f all ma k
d.
Aftr th
s thy all rtur d t Rm, whr prparat
 s wr b
g mad
w
th th gratst v
gur fr a war aga
st th Rutul
a s.
[Ft t 63: _Th pr
c
pal swr_--th _claca max
ma_. Th
s
s
attr
butd t Taru

us Pr
scus by svral wr
trs. D
.


. 67,
stats that
t was h wh cmm cd
t. S Pl
. H. N. xxxv
. N
b.
.
p. 385.]
57. Th Rutul
a s, a at
 vry walthy, c s
dr
g th cu try a d
ag thy l
vd
, wr at that t
m
pssss
 f Arda. Th
r
r
chs gav ccas
 t th war; fr th k
g f th Rma s, b
g
xhaustd f m y by th mag
f
c c f h
s publ
c wrks, was ds
rus
bth t  r
ch h
mslf, a d by a larg bty t sth th m
ds f h
s
subjcts, wh, bs
ds thr
sta cs f h
s tyra y, wr
c sd
aga
st h
s gvr m t, bcaus thy wr
d
g a t that thy had b
kpt s l g a t
m by th k
g
th mplym ts f mcha
cs, a d

labur f
t fr slavs. A attmpt was mad t tak Arda by strm; wh
that d
d t succd, th  my bga t b d
strssd by a blckad,
a d by wrks ra
sd aru d thm. As
t cmm ly happ s
sta d
g
camps, th war b
g rathr td
us tha v
l t, furlughs wr as
ly
bta
d, mr s by th ff
crs, hwvr, tha th cmm sld
rs.
Th yu g pr
cs smt
ms sp t th
r l
sur hurs
fast
g a d
 trta
m ts. O  day as thy wr dr
k
g
th t t f Sxtus
Taru
, whr llat
us Taru

us, th s f Egr
us, was als at
suppr, m t
 was mad f w
vs. Evry   cmm dd h
s w
a
xtravaga t ma r, t
ll a d
sput ar
s
g abut
t, llat
us sa
d,
"Thr was  ccas
 fr wrds, that
t m
ght b k w
a fw hurs
hw far h
s Lucrt
a xclld all th rst. If th , addd h, w hav
a y shar f th v
gur f yuth, lt us mu t ur hrss a d xam

th bhav
ur f ur w
vs; that must b mst sat
sfactry t vry  ,
wh
ch shall mt h
s ys  th u xpctd arr
val f th husba d."
Thy wr hatd w
th w
; "m  , th ," say all. Thy
mmd
atly
gallpd t Rm, whr thy arr
vd
th dusk f th v
g. Frm
th c thy w t t llat
a, whr thy f
d Lucrt
a, t l
k th
k
g's daughtrs-
-law, whm thy had s sp d
g th
r t
m

luxur
us  trta
m ts w
th th
r uals, but thugh at a adva cd
t
m f
ght, mplyd at hr wl, s
tt
g
th m
ddl f th hus
am
d hr ma
ds wrk
g aru d hr. Th mr
t f th c tst rgard
g
th lad
s was ass
g d t Lucrt
a. Hr husba d  h
s arr
val, a d th
Taru


, wr k
dly rc
vd; th husba d, prud f h
s v
ctry,
g
vs th yu g pr
cs a pl
t
v
tat
 . Thr th v
lla us pass

fr v
lat
g Lucrt
a by frc s
zs Sxtus Taru
; bth hr bauty,
a d hr apprvd pur
ty, act as
c t
vs. A d th , aftr th
s
yuthful frl
c f th
ght, thy rtur t th camp.
58. A fw days aftr, w
thut th k wldg f llat
us, Sxtus cam
t llat
a w
th   att da t  ly; whr, b
g k
dly rc
vd by
thm, as t b
g awar f h
s
t t
 , aftr h had b c ductd
aftr suppr
t th gusts' chambr, bur
g w
th pass
 , wh vry
th
g aru d smd suff
c
 tly scur, a d all fast aslp, h cms
t Lucrt
a, as sh lay aslp, w
th a akd swrd, a d w
th h
s lft
ha d prss
g dw th wma 's brast, h says, "B s
l t, Lucrt
a; I
am Sxtus Taru
; I hav a swrd
my ha d; yu shall d
,
f yu

uttr a wrd." Wh awak
g trr
f
d frm slp, th wma bhld 
a
d,
mp d
g dath
gh at ha d; th Taru
ack wldgd h
s
pass
 ,  tratd, m
xd thrats w
th  trat
s, tr
d th fmal's
m
d
vry pss
bl way. Wh h saw hr
flx
bl, a d that sh was
t mvd v by th trrr f dath, h addd t trrr th thrat f
d
sh ur; h says that h w
ll lay a murdrd slav akd by hr s
d
wh dad, s that sh may b sa
d t hav b sla


famus
adultry. Wh by th trrr f th
s d
sgrac h
s lust, as
t wr
v
ctr
us, had vrcm hr
flx
bl chast
ty, a d Taru
had
dpartd, xult
g
hav
g tr
umphd vr a lady's h ur, Lucrt
a,

mla chly d
strss at s dradful a m
sfrtu , dspatchs th sam
mss gr t Rm t hr fathr, a d t Arda t hr husba d, that thy
wuld cm ach w
th   trusty fr
 d; that
t was cssary t d s,
a d that u
ckly.[64] Sp. Lucrt
us cms w
th P. alr
us, th s f
lsus, llat
us w
th L. Ju
us Brutus, w
th whm, as h was
rtur
g t Rm, h happ d t b mt by h
s w
f's mss gr. Thy
f
d Lucrt
a s
tt
g
hr chambr
srrwful djct
 . O th
arr
val f hr fr
 ds th tars burst frm hr ys; a d t hr
husba d,  h
s
u
ry "whthr all was r
ght," sh says, "By  ma s,
fr what ca b r
ght w
th a wma wh has lst hr h ur? Th tracs
f a thr ma ar  yur bd, llat
us. But th bdy  ly has b
v
latd, th m
d
s gu
ltlss; dath shall b my w
t ss. But g
v m
yur r
ght ha ds, a d yur h ur, that th adultrr shall t cm ff
u pu
shd. It
s Sxtus Taru
, wh, a  my
th gu
s f a gust,
has br  away h c a tr
umph fatal t m, a d t h
mslf,
f yu ar
m ." Thy all pldg th
r h ur; thy attmpt t c sl hr,
d
stractd as sh was
m
d, by tur
g away th gu
lt frm hr,
c stra
d by frc,  th prptratr f th cr
m; that
t
s th
m
d s
s, t th bdy; a d that whr
t t
 was wa t
g gu
lt
culd t b. "It
s fr yu t s," says sh, "what
s du t h
m. As
fr m, thugh I acu
t myslf f gu
lt, frm pu
shm t I d t
d
scharg myslf; r shall a y wma surv
v hr d
sh ur plad
g th
xampl f Lucrt
a." Th k
f, wh
ch sh kpt c cald b ath hr
garm t, sh plu gs
t hr hart, a d fall
g frward  th wu d,
sh drppd dw xp
r
g. Th husba d a d fathr shr
k alud.
[Ft t 64: _T d s, a d that u
ckly_,--a us f th part
c
pls
_fact_ a d _maturat_ s
m
lar t that alrady t
cd
chap. 53,
_dg ratum_.]
59. Brutus, wh
l thy wr vrpwrd w
th gr
f, hav
g draw th
k
f ut f th wu d, a d hld
g
t up bfr h
m rk
g w
th bld,
sa
d, "By th
s bld, mst pur bfr th pllut
 f ryal v
lla y, I
swar, a d I call yu, O gds, t w
t ss my ath, that I shall pursu
Luc
us Taru
th Prud, h
s w
ckd w
f, a d all th
r rac, w
th
f
r, swrd, a d all thr ma s
my pwr; r shall I vr suffr
thm r a y thr t r
g at Rm." Th h gav th k
f t
llat
us, a d aftr h
m t Lucrt
us a d alr
us, wh wr surpr
sd
at such xtrard
ary m
d
th brast f Brutus. Hwvr, thy all
tak th ath as thy wr d
rctd, a d c vrt
g th
r srrw
t
rag, fllw Brutus as th
r ladr, wh frm that t
m casd t t
sl
c
t thm t abl
sh th rgal pwr. Thy carry Lucrt
a's bdy
frm hr w hus, a d c vy
t
t th frum; a d assmbl a umbr
f prs s by th stra g ss a d atrc
ty f th xtrard
ary
ccurr c, as usually happ s. Thy cmpla
, ach fr h
mslf, f th
ryal v
lla y a d v
l c. Bth th gr
f f th fathr mvs thm, as
als Brutus, th rprvr f th
r tars a d u ava
l
g cmpla
ts, a d
th
r adv
sr t tak up arms aga
st ths wh dard t trat thm as
 m
s, as wuld bcm m a d Rma s. Each mst sp
r
td f th yuth
vlu tar
ly prs ts h
mslf
arms; th rst f th yuth fllw als.

Frm th c, aftr lav
g a aduat garr
s at th gats at

llat
a, a d hav
g app
td s t
ls, s that    m
ght g
v

tll
g c f th d
sturba c t th k
g's party, th rst st ut
fr Rm
arms u dr th c duct f Brutus. Wh thy arr
vd thr,
th armd mult
tud caus pa
c a d c fus
 whrvr thy g. Aga
,
wh thy s th pr
c
pal m f th stat plac
g thmslvs at th
r
had, thy th
k that, whatvr
t may b,
t was t w
thut gd
ras . Nr ds th h
us ss f th c
rcumsta c xc
t lss v
l t
mt
 s at Rm tha
t had d  at llat
a; accrd
gly thy ru frm
all parts f th c
ty
t th frum, wh
thr, wh thy cam, th
publ
c cr
r summ d thm t att d th tr
bu  f th clrs, w
th
wh
ch ff
c Brutus happ d t b at that t
m vstd. Thr a
hara gu was dl
vrd by h
m, by  ma s f that fl
g a d capac
ty
wh
ch had b cu trf
td up t that day, c cr
g th v
l c a d
lust f Sxtus Taru
, th hrr
d v
lat
 f Lucrt
a a d hr
lam tabl dath, th bravm t f Tr
c
p
t
us, t whm th caus f
h
s daughtr's dath was mr xasprat
g a d dplrabl tha th dath

tslf. T th
s was addd th haughty
sl c f th k
g h
mslf, a d
th suffr
gs a d t
ls f th ppl, bur
d
th arth
cla s
g
s
ks a d swrs; that th Rma s, th c urrs f all th surru d
g
stats,
stad f warr
rs had bcm laburrs a d st -cuttrs. Th
u atural murdr f k
g Srv
us Tull
us was dwlt  , a d h
s
daughtr's dr
v
g vr th bdy f hr fathr
hr
mp
us char
t,
a d th gds wh av g par ts wr
vkd by h
m. By stat
g ths
a d thr, I supps, mr xasprat
g c
rcumsta cs, wh
ch thugh by
 ma s as
ly dta
ld by wr
trs, th h
us ss f th cas
suggstd at th t
m, h prsuadd th mult
tud, alrady
c sd, t
dpr
v th k
g f h
s authr
ty, a d t rdr th ba
shm t f L.
Taru
w
th h
s w
f a d ch
ldr . H h
mslf, hav
g slctd a d
armd sm f th yu g m , wh rad
ly gav
th
r ams, st ut
fr Arda t th camp t xc
t th army aga
st th k
g: th cmma d

th c
ty h lavs t Lucrt
us, wh had b alrady app
td
prfct f th c
ty by th k
g. Dur
g th
s tumult Tull
a fld frm hr
hus, bth m a d wm curs
g hr whrvr sh w t, a d
vk
g 
hr th fur
s th av grs f par ts.
60. Nws f ths tra sact
 s hav
g rachd th camp, wh th k
g,
alarmd at th
s sudd rvlut
 , was g
g t Rm t ull th
cmmt
 s, Brutus, fr h had t
c f h
s apprach, tur d ut f th
way, that h m
ght t mt h
m; a d much abut th sam t
m Brutus a d
Taru
arr
vd by d
ffr t ruts, th   at Arda, th thr at
Rm. Th gats wr shut aga
st Taru
, a d a act f ba
shm t
passd aga
st h
m; th dl
vrr f th stat th camp rc
vd w
th
grat jy, a d th k
g's s s wr xplld. Tw f thm fllwd th
r
fathr, a d w t
t ba
shm t t r, a c
ty f Etrur
a. Sxtus
Taru
, hav
g g  t Gab

, as t h
s w k
gdm, was sla
by th
av grs f th ld fuds, wh
ch h had ra
sd aga
st h
mslf by h
s
rap
s a d murdrs. Luc
us Taru
th Prud r
g d tw ty-f
v yars:
th rgal frm f gvr m t c t
ud frm th bu
ld
g f th c
ty t
th
s pr
d f
ts dl
vra c, tw hu drd a d frty-fur yars. Tw
c suls, v
z. Luc
us Ju
us Brutus a d Luc
us Taru

us llat
us,
wr lctd by th prfct f th c
ty at th cm
t
a by c tur
s,
accrd
g t th cmm tar
s f Srv
us Tull
us.

BOOK II.

_Brutus b
ds th ppl by ath, vr t suffr a y k
g t r
g

at Rm, bl
gs Taru

us llat
us, h
s cllagu, t rs
g
th c sulsh
p, a d lav th stat; bhads sm yu g blm ,
a d am g th rst h
s w a d h
s s
str's s s, fr a c sp
racy
t rc
v th k
gs
t th c
ty. I a war aga
st th 
 t
a s
a d Taru

 s
a s, h  gags
s
gl cmbat w
th Aru s th s
f Taru
th Prud, a d xp
rs at th sam t
m w
th h
s
advrsary. Th lad
s mur fr h
m a whl yar. Th ap
tl
dd
catd. Prs a, k
g f lus
um, u drtaks a war
favur f
th Taru
s. Bravry f Hrat
us cls, a d f Muc
us. Prs a
c cluds a pac  th rc
pt f hstags.  duct f ll
a.
Ap. laud
us rmvs frm th cu try f th Sab
s t Rm: fr
th
s ras th laud
a tr
b
s addd t th frmr umbr, wh
ch
by th
s ma s ar
crasd t tw ty- . A. Psthum
us th
d
ctatr dfats at th lak Rg
llus Taru
th Prud, mak
g war
up th Rma s w
th a army f Lat
s. Scss
 f th cmm s t
th Sacrd Mu t; brught back by M 
us Agr
ppa. F
v tr
bu s
f th ppl cratd. r
l
tak by . Mart
us; frm that h
s
sur amd r
la us. Ba
shm t a d subsu t c duct f . M.
r
la us. Th Agrar
a law f
rst mad. Sp. ass
us c dm d a d
put t dath. Opp
a, a vstal v
rg
, bur
d al
v fr

c t
 c. Th Fab
a fam
ly u drtak t carry  that war at
th
r w cst a d hazard, aga
st th 
 t
a s, a d fr that
purps s d ut thr hu drd a d s
x m
arms, wh wr all
cut ff. Ap. laud
us th c sul dc
mats h
s army bcaus h had
b u succssful
th war w
th th 
 t
a s, by th
r rfus
g
t by rdrs. A accu t f th wars w
th th lsc
a s, u
a s,
a d 
 t
a s, a d th c tsts f th fathrs w
th th cmm s._
1. Th affa
rs, c
v
l a d m
l
tary, f th Rma ppl, h cfrward
fr, th
r a ual mag
strats, a d th svr
g ty f th laws, mr
pwrful tha that f m , I shall w dta
l.--Th haughty
sl c f
th lat k
g had causd th
s l
brty t b th mr wlcm: fr th
frmr k
gs r
g d
such a ma r that thy all
succss
 m
ght
b t u dsrvdly st dw as fu drs f th parts, at last f th
c
ty, wh
ch thy addd as w rs
d cs fr th ppulat
 augm td by
thmslvs. Nr
s thr a dubt but that th vry sam Brutus wh
ar d s much glry fr xpll
g th
s haughty m arch, wuld hav d 
s t th gratst
jury f th publ
c wal,
f, thrugh a vr-hasty
ds
r f l
brty, h had wrstd th k
gdm frm a y f th prcd
g
k
gs. Fr what wuld hav b th c su c
f that rabbl f
shphrds a d stra grs, fug
t
vs frm th
r w cu tr
s, hav
g,
u dr th prtct
 f a
v
labl asylum, fu d l
brty, r at last

mpu
ty, u c trlld by th drad f rgal authr
ty, had bgu t b
d
stractd by tr
bu
c
a strms, a d t  gag
c tsts w
th th
fathrs
a stra g c
ty, bfr th pldgs f w
vs a d ch
ldr , a d
lv f th vry s
l, t wh
ch
t ru
rs a l gth f t
m t bcm
hab
tuatd, had u
td th
r affct
 s. Th
r affa
rs t yt maturd
wuld hav b dstryd by d
scrd, wh
ch th tra u
l mdrat
 f
th gvr m t s chr
shd, a d by prpr ur
shm t brught t such
prfct
 , that, th
r str gth b
g w dvlpd, thy wr abl t
prduc th whlsm fru
ts f l
brty. But th r
g
f l
brty yu
may dat frm th
s pr
d, rathr bcaus th c sular authr
ty was
mad a ual, tha that a y d
m
ut
 was mad frm th k
gly
prrgat
v. Th f
rst c suls had all th
r pr
v
lgs a d  s
g s f
authr
ty,  ly car was tak that th trrr m
ght t appar dubld,
by bth hav
g th fascs at th sam t
m. Brutus was, w
th th c s t
f h
s cllagu, f
rst att dd by th fascs, wh had t b a mr
zalus assrtr f l
brty tha h was aftrwards
ts guard
a . F
rst

f all h bu d vr th ppl, wh
lst st
ll  rapturd w
th th
r
wly-acu
rd l
brty, by a ath that thy wuld suffr    t b
k
g
Rm, lst aftrwards thy m
ght b prvrtd by th

mprtu
t
s r br
bs f th ryal fam
ly. Nxt
rdr, that th
ful ss f th hus m
ght prduc mr f str gth
th s at, h
f
lld up th umbr f th s atrs, d
m

shd by th k
g's murdrs,
t th amu t f thr hu drd, hav
g lctd th pr
c
pal m f th
ustr
a ra k; a d frm th c
t
s sa
d th custm was dr
vd f
summ
g
t th s at bth ths wh wr patrs a d ths wh wr
c scr
pt
.[65] Frsth thy styld ths wh wr lctd
t th w
s at  scr
pt
. It
s w drful hw much that c tr
butd t th
c crd f th stat, a d t attach th affct
 f th cmm s t th
patr
c
a s.
[Ft t 65: All wr calld _Patrs c scr
pt
_. Sc
l. Patrs t
 scr
pt
, th c ju ct
 b
g m
ttd. N
b.
. p. 517.]
2. Th att t
 was pa
d t rl
g
us mattrs, a d as sm part f th
publ
c wrsh
p had b prfrmd by th k
gs
prs , that thy
m
ght t b m
ssd
a y rspct, thy lct a k
g f th sacr
f
cs.
Th
s ff
c thy mad subjct t th p t
ff, that h ur b
g addd t
th am m
ght b 
fr
gm t  th
r l
brty, wh
ch was w th
r
pr
c
pal car. A d I k w t whthr by f c
g
t  vry s
d t
xcss, v
th mst tr
v
al mattrs, thy may t hav xcdd
bu ds. Fr wh thr was th
g ls t ff d, th am f   f
th c suls bcam a bjct f d
sl
k t th stat. "That th
Taru


had b t much hab
tuatd t svr
g ty; Pr
scus f
rst
cmm cd; that Srv
us Tullus r
g d xt; that thugh a
trval
thus
trv d, that Taru

us Suprbus, t ls
g s
ght f th
k
gdm as th prprty f a thr, had rcla
md
t by cr
m a d
v
l c, as th hrd
tary r
ght f h
s fam
ly. That Suprbus b
g
xplld, th gvr m t was
th ha ds f llat
us: that th
Taru


k w t hw t l
v
a pr
vat stat
 ; th am plasd
thm t; that
t was da grus t l
brty."--Such d
scurss wr at
f
rst gradually c
rculatd thrugh th  t
r stat by prs s su d
g
th
r d
sps
t
 s; a d th ppl, w xc
td by jalusy, Brutus
c v s t a mt
g. Thr f
rst f all h rc
ts th ppl's ath:
"that thy wuld suffr    t b k
g, r a y th
g t b
Rm
wh c da gr m
ght rsult t l
brty. That
t ught t b ma
ta
d
w
th all th
r m
ght, a d th
g that culd t d that way ught t b
vrlkd; h sa
d
t w
th rlucta c, fr th sak f th
d
v
dual;
a d wuld t say
t, d
d t h
s affct
 fr th cmm walth
prdm
at; that th ppl f Rm d t bl
v that  t
r l
brty
has b rcvrd; that th rgal fam
ly, th rgal am, was t  ly

th stat but v
th gvr m t; that was u favurabl, that was

jur
us t l
brty. D yu, L. Taru

us," says h, "d yu, f yur
w accrd, rmv th
s apprh s
 . W rmmbr, w w
t, yu
xplld th ryal fam
ly; cmplt yur k
d ss; tak h c th ryal
am--yur prprty yur fllw c
t
z s shall t  ly rstr yu, by
my adv
c, but
f a y th
g
s wa t
g thy w
ll g rusly supply.
Dpart
am
ty. Rl
v th stat frm a drad wh
ch
s prhaps
gru dlss. S f
rmly ar thy prsuadd
m
d that  ly w
th th
Taru

a rac w
ll k
gly pwr dpart h c." Amazm t at s
xtrard
ary a d sudd a ccurr c at f
rst
mpdd th c sul's
uttra c; th , wh h was cmm c
g t spak, th ch
f m f th
stat sta d aru d h
m, a d by ma y
mprtu
t
s urg th sam rust.
Othrs
dd had lss w
ght w
th h
m. Aftr Sp. Lucrt
us, supr
r

ag a d ra k, h
s fathr-
-law bs
ds, bga t try var
us mthds,
by  trat
g a d adv
s
g altr atly, that h wuld suffr h
mslf t
b prva
ld  by th g ral fl
g f th stat, th c sul,

apprh d
g lst hraftr ths sam th
gs m
ght bfall h
m, wh
aga

a pr
vat stat
 , tgthr w
th lss f prprty a d thr
add
t
 al d
sgrac, h rs
g d h
s c sulsh
p; a d rmv
g all h
s
ffcts t Lav

um, h w
thdrw frm th stat.[66] Brutus, accrd
g
t a dcr f th s at, prpsd t th ppl, that all th fam
ly
f th Taru
s shuld b ba
shd frm Rm; a d
a assmbly by
c tur
s h lctd P. alr
us, w
th whs ass
sta c h had xplld
th k
gs fr h
s cllagu.
[Ft t 66: llat
us
s suppsd t hav ar d th d
um f th
ppl, a d h
s c su t xpuls
 frm Rm, by h
s  davurs t
sav h
s phws, th Au
ll

, frm pu
shm t.]
3. Thugh bdy dubtd that a war was
mp d
g frm th Taru
s, yt

t brk ut latr tha was u
vrsally xpctd; but l
brty was wll

gh lst by trachry a d fraud, a th
g thy had vr apprh dd.
Thr wr, am g th Rma yuth, svral yu g m f  ma
fam
l
s, wh, dur
g th rgal gvr m t, had pursud th
r plasurs
w
thut a y rstra
t; b
g f th sam ag w
th, a d cmpa
 s f,
th yu g Taru
s, a d accustmd t l
v
pr
cly styl. L g
g
fr that l
c t
us ss, w that th pr
v
lgs f all wr ual
zd,
thy cmpla
d that th l
brty f thrs has b c vrtd t th
r
slavry: "that a k
g was a huma b
g, frm whm yu ca bta
, whr
r
ght, r whr wr g may b cssary; that thr was rm fr favur
a d fr k
d ss; that h culd b a gry, a d culd frg
v; that h
k w th d
ffr c btw a fr
 d a d a  my; that laws wr a
daf,
xrabl th
g, mr b f
c
al a d adva tagus fr th pr
tha th r
ch; that thy allwd f  rlaxat
 r
dulg c,
f yu
tra sgrss bu ds; that
t was a pr
lus stat, am
d s s ma y huma
rrrs, t l
v slly by  's
tgr
ty." Wh
lst th
r m
ds wr
alrady thus d
sc t td f th
r w accrd, ambassadrs frm th
ryal fam
ly cm u xpctdly, dma d
g rst
tut
 f th
r ffcts
mrly, w
thut a y m t
 f rtur . Aftr th
r appl
cat
 was hard

th s at, th dl
brat
 
t lastd fr svral days, (far
g)
lst th  -rst
tut
 m
ght b a prtxt fr war, a d th rst
tut

a fu d a d ass
sta c fr war. I th ma t
m th ambassadrs wr
pla
g d
ffr t schms; p ly dma d
g th prprty, thy scrtly
c crtd masurs fr rcvr
g th thr , a d sl
c
t
g thm as
f
fr th bjct wh
ch appard t b u dr c s
drat
 , thy su d
th
r fl
gs; t ths by whm th
r prpsals wr favurably
rc
vd thy g
v lttrs frm th Taru
s, a d c fr w
th thm abut
adm
tt
g th ryal fam
ly
t th c
ty scrtly by
ght.
4. Th mattr was f
rst
trustd t brthrs f th am f 
tll


a d ths f th am f Au
l

. A s
str f th 
tll

had b
marr
d t Brutus th c sul, a d th
ssu f that marr
ag wr yu g
m , T
tus a d T
br
us; ths als th
r u cls adm
t
t a
part
c
pat
 f th plt: svral yu g blm als wr tak
as
assc
ats, th mmry f whs ams has b lst frm d
sta c f
t
m. I th ma t
m, wh that p

 had prva
ld
th s at,
wh
ch rcmm dd th g
v
g back f th prprty, a d th ambassadrs
mad us f th
s as a prtxt fr dlay
th c
ty, bcaus thy had
bta
d frm th c suls t
m t prcur mds f c vya c, by wh
ch
thy m
ght c vy away th ffcts f th ryal fam
ly; all th
s t
m
thy sp d
c sult
g w
th th c sp
ratrs, a d by prss
g thy
succd
hav
g lttrs g
v t thm fr th Taru
s. Fr thrw
s
hw wr thy t bl
v that th accu ts brught by th ambassadrs 
mattrs f such
mprta c wr t
dl? Th lttrs, g
v t b a
pldg f th
r s
cr
ty, d
scvrd th plt; fr wh , th day bfr
th ambassadrs st ut t th Taru
s, thy had suppd by cha c at

th hus f th 
tll

, a d th c sp
ratrs thr
pr
vat

d
scursd much tgthr c cr
g th
r w ds
g , as
s atural,  
f th slavs, wh had alrady prc
vd what was g
g  , vrhard
th
r c vrsat
 ; but wa
td fr th ccas
 wh th lttrs shuld
b g
v t th ambassadrs, th dtct
 f wh
ch wuld prv th
tra sact
 ; wh h prc
vd that thy wr g
v , h la
d th whl
affa
r bfr th c suls. Th c suls, hav
g lft th
r hm t s
z
th ambassadrs a d c sp
ratrs, crushd th whl affa
r w
thut a y
tumult; part
cular car b
g tak f th lttrs, lst thy shuld
scap thm. Th tra
trs b
g
mmd
atly thrw
t cha
s, a l
ttl
dubt was  trta
d rspct
g th ambassadrs, a d thugh thy
dsrvd t b c s
drd as  m
s, th law f at
 s hwvr
prva
ld.
5. Th ust
 c cr
g th rst
tut
 f th tyra ts' ffcts,
wh
ch th s at had frmrly vtd, cam aga
u dr c s
drat
 . Th
fathrs, f
rd w
th
d
g at
 , xprssly frbad thm 
thr t b
rstrd r c f
scatd. Thy wr g
v t b r
fld by th ppl,
that aftr b
g mad part
c
patrs
th ryal plu dr, thy m
ght
ls fr vr all hps f a rc c
l
at
 w
th th Taru
s. A f
ld
bl g
g t thm, wh
ch lay btw th c
ty a d th T
br, hav
g b
c scratd t Mars, has b calld th ampus Mart
us. It happ d
that thr was a crp f cr up
t rady t b cut dw , wh
ch
prduc f th f
ld, as thy thught
t u lawful t us, aftr
t was
rapd, a grat umbr f m carr
d th cr a d straw
baskts, a d
thrw thm
t th T
br, wh
ch th flwd w
th shallw watr, as
s
usual
th hat f summr; that thus th haps f cr as
t stuck

th shallws bcam sttld wh cvrd vr w
th mud: by ths a d th
afflux f thr th
gs, wh
ch th r
vr happ d t br
g th
thr, a

sla d was frmd by dgrs. Aftrwards I bl
v that mu ds wr
addd, a d that a
d was affrdd by art, that a surfac s wll ra
sd
m
ght b f
rm  ugh fr susta

g tmpls a d prt
cs. Aftr
plu dr
g th tyra ts' ffcts, th tra
trs wr c dm d a d cap
tal
pu
shm t
fl
ctd. Th
r pu
shm t was th mr rmarkabl, bcaus
th c sulsh
p
mpsd  th fathr th ff
c f pu
sh
g h
s w
ch
ldr , a d h
m wh shuld hav b rmvd as a spctatr, frtu 
ass
g d as th prs t xact th pu
shm t. Yu g m f th h
ghst
ual
ty std t
d t a stak; but th c sul's s s attractd th ys
f all th spctatrs frm th rst f th cr
m
als, as frm prs s
u k w ; r d
d th ppl p
ty thm mr  accu t f th svr
ty f
th pu
shm t, tha th hrr
d cr
m by wh
ch thy had dsrvd
t.
"That thy,
that yar part
cularly, shuld hav brught thmslvs t
btray
t th ha ds f Taru
, frmrly a prud tyra t, a d w a
xaspratd x
l, th
r cu try just dl
vrd, th
r fathr
ts
dl
vrr, th c sulat wh
ch tk
ts r
s frm th fam
ly f th
Ju

, th fathrs, th ppl, a d whatvr bl gd 
thr t th gds
r th c
t
z s f Rm."[67] Th c suls satd thmslvs
th
r
tr
bu al, a d th l
ctrs, b
g dspatchd t
fl
ct pu
shm t, str
p
thm akd, bat thm w
th rds, a d str
k ff th
r hads. Wh
lst
dur
g all th
s t
m, th fathr, h
s lks a d h
s cu t a c,
prs td a tuch
g spctacl,[68] th fl
gs f th fathr burst
g
frth ccas
 ally dur
g th ff
c f supr
t d
g th publ
c
xcut
 . Nxt aftr th pu
shm t f th gu
lty, that thr m
ght b
a str
k
g xampl

thr way fr th prv t
 f cr
m, a sum f
m y was gra td ut f th trasury as a rward t th d
scvrr;
l
brty als a d th r
ghts f c
t
z sh
p wr gra td h
m. H
s sa
d
t hav b th f
rst prs mad fr by th 
d
cta; sm th
k v
that th trm v
d
cta
s dr
vd frm h
m. Aftr h
m
t was bsrvd as
a rul, that ths wh wr st fr
th
s ma r wr suppsd t b
adm
ttd t th r
ghts f Rma c
t
z s.[69]

[Ft t 67: N
buhr w
ll hav
t that Brutus pu
shd h
s ch
ldr by
h
s authr
ty as a fathr, a d that thr was  appal t th ppl
frm th fathr. S N
b.
. p. 488.]
[Ft t 68: _A
m patr
s_, th str gth f h
s m
d, thugh that f a
fathr, b
g v mr c sp
cuus, &c. S Drak brch u drsta ds th
passag,--th
s str ss f m
d, h says, thugh h was th
r fathr,
was a mr rmarkabl spctacl tha h
s str cu t a c. Th
s
charactr f Brutus, as
frr
bl frm th wrds thus
trprtd,
c
c
ds w
th that g
v f h
m by D
 ys
us a d thrs. I prfr
u drsta d
g th passag w
th rv
r, sc
l. symptms f patr al
affct
 t h
s ch
ldr d
splay
g thmslvs dur
g th d
scharg f
h
s duty
supr
t d
g th publ
c pu
shm t
fl
ctd  thm.]
[Ft t 69: Prv
usly, by th
st
tut
 f Srv
us,  ly such
ma um
ttd slavs wr adm
ttd t th r
ghts f c
t
z sh
p as wr
rg
strd by th
r mastrs
th c sus.]
6. O ths th
gs b
g a u cd t h
m, as thy had ccurrd,
Taru
,
flamd t  ly w
th gr
f fr th frustrat
 f such grat
hps, but w
th hatrd a d rs tm t als, wh h saw that th way was
blckd up aga
st stratagm, c s
dr
g that h shuld hav rcurs
t war p ly, w t ru d as a suppl
a t t th c
t
s f Etrur
a,
"that thy shuld t suffr h
m, spru g frm thmslvs, f th sam
bld, x
ld a d
wa t, latly
pssss
 f s grat a k
gdm,
t pr
sh bfr th
r ys, w
th th yu g m h
s s s. That thrs
had b
v
td t Rm frm fr
g la ds t th thr ; that h, a
k
g, xt d
g th Rma mp
r by h
s arms, was dr
v ut by ths
arst t h
m by a v
lla us c sp
racy; that thy had by v
l c
d
v
dd th parts am g thmslvs, bcaus   
d
v
dual am g thm
was dmd suff
c
 tly dsrv
g f th k
gdm; that thy had g
v up
h
s ffcts t th ppl t b p
llagd by thm, that    m
ght b
fr frm that gu
lt. That h was ds
rus t rcvr h
s cu try a d
h
s k
gdm, a d t pu
sh h
s u gratful subjcts. That thy shuld
br
g succur a d a
d h
m; that thy m
ght als rv g th
jur
s
d  t thm f ld, th
r lg
 s s ft slaughtrd, th
r la d
tak frm thm." Ths argum ts prva
ld  th ppl f 

, a d
w
th m acs thy dclar that w at last, u dr th c duct f a
Rma g ral, th
r frmr d
sgrac shuld b w
pd ff, a d what thy
had lst
war shuld b rcvrd. H
s am a d rlat
 t thm

ducd th ppl f Taru


t tak part w
th h
m;
t smd a
h ur that th
r cu trym shuld r
g at Rm. Thrfr th tw
arm
s f ths tw stats fllwd Taru

rdr t rcvr h
s
k
gdm, a d t tak v ga c up th Rma s. Wh thy  trd th
Rma trr
tr
s, th c suls marchd t mt thm. alr
us ld up th
ft
a suar battal
 , a d Brutus marchd bfr w
th h
s hrs t
rc 
tr (th  my). Th
r cavalry l
kw
s cam up f
rst; Aru s,
Taru
's s , cmma dd
t; th k
g h
mslf fllwd w
th th lg
 s.
Aru s, wh h k w at a d
sta c by th l
ctrs that
t was a c sul,
a d  cm
g
ghr d
scvrd fr crta
that
t was Brutus by h
s
fac, all
flamd w
th rag, h cr
d ut, "Thr
s th v
lla
wh
has ba
shd us frm ur at
v cu try! s hw h r
ds
stat
adr d w
th th  s
g s f ur d
g
ty! w ass
st m, gds, th
av grs f k
gs." H put spurs t h
s hrs a d drv fur
usly
aga
st th c sul. Brutus prc
vd th attack mad  h
m; as
t was
h urabl
ths days fr th g rals t  gag
cmbat, h
agrly ffrd h
mslf t th cmbat. Thy  cu trd   a thr w
th
such fur
us a
ms
ty, 
thr m
dful f prtct
g h
s w prs ,
prv
dd h culd wu d h
s advrsary; s that bth, tra sf
xd thrugh

th bucklr by th blw frm th pps
t d
rct
 , fll l
flss frm
th
r hrss,  ta gld tgthr by th tw spars. Th  gagm t
btw th rst f th hrs cmm cd at th sam t
m, a d s aftr
th ft cam up. Thr thy fught w
th dubtful succss, a d as
t
wr w
th ual adva tag, a d th v
ctry dubtful. Th r
ght w
gs f
bth arm
s wr v
ctr
us a d th lft wrstd. Th 
 t
a s,
accustmd t b d
scmf
td by th Rma sld
rs, wr rutd a d put
t fl
ght. Th Taru

 ss, wh wr a w  my, t  ly std th
r
gru d, but v  th
r s
d bl
gd th Rma s t g
v way.
7. Aftr th
ssu f th
s battl, s grat a trrr s
zd Taru
a d
th Etrur
a s, that bth th arm
s, th 
 t
a a d Taru

a ,
g
v
g up th mattr as
mpract
cabl, dpartd t th
r rspct
v
hms. Thy a x stra g
c
d ts t th
s battl,--that
th s
l c
f th xt
ght a lud v
c was m
ttd frm th Ars
a wd; that
t
was bl
vd t b th v
c f S
lva us: ths wrds wr spk , "that
mr f th Etrur
a s by  [70] had fall
th battl; that th
Rma was v
ctr
us
th war." rta
ly th Rma s dpartd th c
as v
ctrs, th Etrur
a s as va u
shd. Fr as s as
t was l
ght,
a d t   f th  my was w t b s , P. alr
us th c sul
cllctd th sp
ls, a d rtur d th c
tr
umph t Rm. H
s
cllagu's fu ral h clbratd w
th all th mag
f
c c th
pss
bl. But a far gratr h ur t h
s dath was th publ
c srrw,
s
gularly rmarkabl
th
s part
cular, that th matr s mur d h
m a
yar,[71] as a par t, bcaus h had b s v
grus a av gr f
v
latd chast
ty. Aftrwards th c sul wh surv
vd, s cha gabl ar
th m
ds f th ppl, frm grat ppular
ty,  cu trd t  ly
jalusy, but susp
c
 , r
g
at
g
a atrc
us charg. Rprt
rprs td that h asp
rd t th crw , bcaus h had t subst
tutd
a cllagu
th rm f Brutus, a d was bu
ld
g a hus  th
summ
t f Mu t l
a, that thr wuld b thr a
mprg abl frtrss
 a lvatd a d wll-frt
f
d plac. Wh ths th
gs, thus
c
rculatd a d bl
vd, affctd th c sul's m
d w
th
d
g at
 ,
hav
g summ d th ppl t a assmbly, h mu ts th rstrum, aftr
lwr
g th fascs. It was a gratful s
ght t th mult
tud that th

s
g
a f authr
ty wr lwrd t thm, a d that a ack wldgm t
was mad, that th majsty a d pwr f th ppl wr gratr tha
that f th c sul. Wh thy wr calld t s
l c, alr
us h
ghly
xtlld th gd frtu  f h
s cllagu, "wh aftr dl
vr
g h
s
cu try had d
d vstd w
th th suprm pwr, f
ght
g bravly

df c f th cmm walth, wh h
s glry was

ts matur
ty, a d t
yt c vrtd
t jalusy. That h h
mslf, hav
g surv
vd h
s glry,
w rma
d as a bjct f accusat
 a d calum y; that frm th
l
bratr f h
s cu try h had fall t th lvl f th Au
l

a d

tll

. W
ll  mr
t th , says h, vr b s tr
d a d apprvd by
yu, as t b xmptd frm th attacks f susp
c
 . uld I apprh d
that myslf, th b
ttrst  my f k
gs, shuld fall u dr th charg
f a ds
r f ryalty? uld I bl
v that, v thugh I dwlt
th
vry c
tadl a d th ap
tl, that I culd b dradd by my fllw
c
t
z s? Ds my charactr am g yu dp d  s mr a tr
fl? Is my

tgr
ty s sl
ghtly fu dd, that
t maks mr mattr whr I may b,
tha what I may b. Th hus f Publ
us alr
us shall t sta d
th
way f yur l
brty, Rma s; th l
a mu t shall b scur t yu. I
w
ll t  ly br
g dw my hus
t th pla
, but I w
ll bu
ld
t
b ath th h
ll, that yu may dwll abv m a suspctd c
t
z . Lt
ths bu
ld  th l
a mu t t whm l
brty
s mr scurly

trustd tha t P. alr
us." Immd
atly all th matr
als wr
brught dw t th ft f th l
a mu t, a d th hus was bu
lt at
th ft f th h
ll whr th tmpl f 
ctry w sta ds.

[Ft t 70: _U  plus Tuscrum._

.]
[F  71: _A y
_, 
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m h.]

8. Af h
 
   
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Th M
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[Foonoe 116: The ibylline boo.]
11. Bu, on he ohe ide, he conul, h
ving pl
ced hei ch
i 
wihin view of hem, we e p oceeding wih he levy; hihe he  ibune
h
en,
nd d
w he
embly
long wih hem;
few we e cied, by w
y
of m
ing
n expe imen,
nd in
nly violence commenced. Whomoeve
he lico l
id hold of by o de of he conul, him he  ibune o de ed
o be dich
ged; no did hi own p ope ju idicion e
limi o
e
ch, bu wh
eve you e you mind upon, w
 o be

ined by he
hope of  engh
nd by fo ce. Ju
 he  ibune h
d beh
ved in
impeding he levy, in he 
me m
nne did he conul conduc hemelve
in ob ucing he l
w which w
 b ough on eve y
embly d
y. The
commencemen of he io w
, when he  ibune o de ed he people o
p oceed o he voe, bec
ue he p
 ici
n efued o wihd
w. The
elde ciizen c
cely
ended he cone, in
much
 i w
 one
liely no o be di eced by p udence, bu
b
ndoned o eme iy
nd
d
ing. The conul
lo gene
lly ep ou of he w
y, le in he
gene
l confuion hey hould expoe hei digniy o
ny inul. The e
w

young m
n, Co Quiniu,
d
ing youh,
 well by he nobiliy
of hi decen,
 by hi pe on
l ize
nd  engh; o hoe
endowmen g
ned by he god he himelf h
d
dded m
ny mili
y
honou ,
nd elouence in he fo um; o h
 no pe on in he 
e w

conide ed mo e efficien eihe in pe
ing o in
cing. When hi
pe on oo hi pl
ce in he cen e of
body of he p
 ici
n,
conpicuou
bove he e, c
ying
 i we e in hi elouence
nd

bodily  engh dic

o hip
nd conulhip combined, he
lone
wihood he o m of he  ibune
nd he popul
ce. Unde hi
guid
nce he  ibune we e f euenly d iven f om he fo um, he common
oued
nd dipe ed; uch
 c
me in hi w
y, wen off
fe being
ill- e
ed
nd  ipped; o h
 i bec
me ufficienly eviden, h
,
if he we e
llowed o p oceed in hi w
y, he l
w would be defe
ed.
Then he ohe  ibune being now
lmo h own ino dep
i , Aulu
Vi giniu, one of he college, iniue
c imin
l p oecuion on

c
pi
l ch
ge
g
in Co. By hi p oceeding he
he i i
ed h
n
inimid
ed hi violen empe : o much he mo e vigo ouly did he
oppoe he l
w,
nnoyed he common,
nd pe ecued he  ibune,
 i
we e by
egul
w
. The p oecuo uffe ed he
ccued o uh on
he
dlong,
nd o heighen he ch
ge
g
in him by he fl
me
nd
m
e i
l of he popul
odium hu incu ed: in he me
n ime he
p oceeded wih he l
w, no o much in he hope of c
ying i h ough,

 o p ovoe he eme iy of Co. The e m

ny inconide
e exp eion

nd
cion p
ing
mong he young men,
e ch
ged on he empe of
Co, h ough he p ejudice
ied
g
in him; ill he l
w w

eied. And Aulu Vi giniu f euenly em
 o he people, "A e you
even now enible h
 you c
nno h
ve Co,

fellow-ciizen, wih
he l
w which you dei e? Though why do I 
y l
w? he i
n opponen of
you libe y; he u p
e
ll he T
uin in
og
nce. W
i ill he
i m
de conul o dic
o , whom, hough bu
p iv
e ciizen, you now
ee exe ciing ingly w
y ove you by hi  engh
nd
ud
ciy." M
ny

ened, compl
ining h
 hey h
d been be
en by him:
nd  ongly
u ged on he  ibune o go h ough wih he p oecuion.
12. The d
y of  i
l now
pp o
ched,
nd i w
 eviden h
 pe on in
gene
l conide ed h
 hei libe y depended on he condemn
ion of
Co: hen,
 lengh being fo ced o i, he
dd eed he common
individu
lly, hough wih
 ong feeling of indign
ion; hi el
ive
followed him, he p incip
l membe  of he 
e. Tiu Quiniu
C
piolinu, who h
d been h ice conul,
fe he ecouned m
ny
plendid
chievemen of hi own,
nd of hi f
mily, 
ed, h

neihe in he Quini
n f
mily, no in he Rom
n 
e, h
d he e

ppe
ed uch p omiing geniu of uch e
ly v
lou . "Th
 he h
d fi 
been hi oldie , h
 he h
d ofen in hi igh fough
g
in he
enemy." pu iu Fu iu decl
ed, h
 "he h
ving been en o him by
Quiniu C
piolinu, h
d come o hi
id when in he mid of d
nge ;
h
 he e w
 no individu
l by whoe exe ion he conide ed he common
we
l mo e effecu
lly e-e
blihed." Luciu Luc eiu, he conul of
he p eceding ye
, in he full plendou of ecen glo y, h
ed hi
own e vice wih Co; he ecouned hi b
le, de
iled hi
diinguihed exploi, boh on expediion
nd in he field; he
dvied

nd ecommended h
 hey would p efe hi ex
o din
y young m
n,
endowed wih
ll he
dv
n
ge of n
u e
nd of
n,
nd (one who
would p ove) of he umo impo 
nce o he ine e of h
 
e ino
which he hould come, o be hei fellow-ciizen,
he h
n he
ciizen of
fo eign 
e. "Th
 wih epec o h
 which m
y be
offenive in him, he

nd vehemence, ime would diminih d
ily; h

he p udence, which m
y be w
ning in him, w
 inc e
ing d
ily; h


hi f
ul we e declining
nd hi vi ue ipening o m
u iy, hey
hould
llow o diinguihed
m
n o become old in hei 
e." Among
hee hi f
he , Luciu Quiniu, who bo e he u n
me of Cincinn
u,
wihou dwelling on hi me i, le he hould heighen public h
 ed,
bu oliciing p
don fo hi e o 
nd hi youh, implo ed of hem o
fo give hi on fo hi 
e, who h
d no given offence o
ny one by
eihe wo d o deed. Bu ome, h ough epec o fe
, u ned
w
y f om
liening o hi en e
ie; ohe  compl
ining h
 hemelve
nd
hei f iend h
d been ill- e
ed, by he h
hne of hei
nwe

decl
ed hei enence befo eh
nd.
13. Independenly of he gene
l odium, one ch
ge bo e he
vily on he

ccued; h
 M
cu Volciu Fico , who ome ye
 befo e h
d been
 ibune of he people, h
d come fo w
d

wine: "h
 no long

fe he peilence h

d been in he ciy, he h
d f
llen in wih
p
y
of young men ioing in he ubu
; h

cuffle
oe he e;
nd
h
 hi elde b ohe , no ye pe fecly ecove ed f om hi illne,
h
d f
llen down
lmo de
d, being  uc wih he fi by Co; h
 he
w
 c
ied home beween he h
nd of ome pe on,
nd h
 he
conide ed h
 he died f om h
 blow;
nd h
 i h
d no been
pe mied o him by he conul of fo me ye
 o follow up he
m
e ." In coneuence of Volciu vocife
ing hee ch
ge, he
people bec
me o excied, h
 Co w
 ne
being illed h ough he
violence of he people. Vi giniu o de  him o be eized
nd c
ied o
p ion. The p
 ici
n oppoe fo ce o fo ce. Tiu Quiniu excl
im,
"h

pe on fo whom
d
y of  i
l fo
c
pi
l offence h
 been

ppoined,
nd whoe  i
l w
 now
 h
nd, ough no o be ou
ged
befo e  i
l
nd wihou enence being p
ed." The  ibune 
y, "h

he would no inflic punihmen[117] on him befo e condemn
ion, h
 he
would howeve eep him in p ion unil he d
y of  i
l; h
 he Rom
n
people m
y h
ve
n oppo uniy of inflicing punihmen on one who h
d
illed
m
n." The  ibune being
ppe
led o, ecu e hei p e og
ive
by
doping
middle cou e;[118] hey fo bid hi being h own ino
confinemen,
nd decl
e i o be hei wih h
 he
ccued hould

ppe
on hi  i
l,
nd h

um of money hould be p omied o he
people, in c
e he hould no
ppe
. How l
ge
um of money ough o
be p omied, c
me unde dicuion: h
 i efe ed o he en
e. The

ccued w
 de
ined in he public
embly, unil he p
 ici
n hould
be conuled: i w
 dee mined h
 he hould give b
il:[119] e
ch b
il
hey bound o he
moun of h ee hou
nd _
e_; how m
ny hould be
given, w
 lef o he  ibune; hey limied he numbe o en; fo en
u eie he p oecuo dich
ged he
ccued. He w
 he fi  who
g
ve public u eie. Being dich
ged f om he fo um, he wen he
following nigh ino exile
mong he E u i
n. When on he d
y of  i
l
i w
 ple
ded h
 he h
d uied hi home in o de o go ino exile,
Vi giniu nowih
nding holding he comii
, hi colle
gue when

ppe
led o dimied he
embly: he fine w
 igo ouly ex
ced[120]
f om he f
he ; o h

fe elling
ll hi effec, he lived fo

conide
ble ime in
oli
y co
ge on he ohe ide of he Tibe ,

 if in exile. Thi  i
l
nd he p opoing of he l
w g
ve full
employmen o he 
e: he e w
 uie f om fo eign
m.
[Foonoe 117: Niebuh denie h
 he  ibune h
d he powe befo e he
e
blihmen of he decemvi i o commi p
 ici
n o p ion. ee
howeve Dion. vii. 17.]
[Foonoe 118: In he o igin
l he wo d
e, _Medio dec eo ju
uxilii
ui expediun_. The  ibune we e
f
id le, if hey
llowed Co o
go eni ely
 l
ge, he common migh become i i
ed; whil if hey
efued o lien o he
pplic
ion of
p
 ici
n when he c
ved hei

i
nce, hey fe
ed le hey hould loe
n excellen oppo uniy
of e
blihing hei influence
nd inc e
ing hei powe . By
doping

line of conduc hen which conceded omehing boh o he common

nd
o Co, hey
 i we e _ex ic
e_ (expediun) hei powe f om hi
double d
nge .]
[Foonoe 119: _V
di publico_. Acco ding o G onoviu, _publico_,
cil. _plebi_. Niebuh p efe  hi e
ding.]

[Foonoe 120: _Rigo ouly ex

ced_. ee Niebuh ii. p. 289, who
exp ee
diffe en opinion on he m
e .]
14. When he  ibune, fluhed
 i we e wih vico y, im
gined h

he l
w w
 in
m
nne p
ed, he p
 ici
n being now dim
yed by he
b
nihmen of Co,
nd when, wih epec o he enio  of he
p
 ici
n, hey h
d elinuihed
ll h
e in he
dmini
ion of he
commonwe
lh; he junio , mo e epeci
lly hoe who we e he inim
e
f iend of Co, edoubled hei eenful feeling
g
in he
common,
nd uffe ed no hei pi i o d oop; bu he g e
e
imp ovemen w
 m
de in hi p
icul
, h
 hey empe ed hei

nimoiy by
ce 
in deg ee of mode
ion. When fo he fi  ime

fe Co' b
nihmen he l
w beg
n o be b ough fo w
d,

yed
nd
well p ep
ed wih
nume ou body of clien, hey

ced he
 ibune, on hei
ffo ding
p eex fo i by
emping o emove
hem, in uch
m
nne , h
 no one individu
l c
ied home f om hence

ny p ominen h
e eihe of glo y o ill-will; he people compl
ined
h
 fo one Co
hou
nd h
d 
ed up. Du ing he ine medi
e
d
y, when he  ibune m
de no i eg
ding he l
w, nohing could be
mo e mild o pe
ce
ble h
n hoe 
me pe on; hey 
lued he
plebei
n cou eouly, ene ed ino conve 
ion,
nd invied hem home;
hey
ended he fo um,
nd uffe ed he  ibune hemelve o hold
hei meeing wihou ine upion: hey neve we e uncivil o
ny one
eihe in public o in p iv
e, unle when he buine epecing he
l
w beg
n o be
gi
ed. On ohe occ
ion he young men we e popul
.
And no only did he  ibune 
n
c
ll hei ohe
ff
i  wihou
diu b
nce, bu hey we e even e-eleced fo he following ye
,
wihou one offenive exp eion, much le
ny violence being employed.
By oohing
nd m
n
ging he common hey g
du
lly ende ed hem

c
ble. By hee mehod he l
w w
 ev
ded fo he eni e ye
.
15. The conul C
iu Cl
udiu, he on of Appiu,
nd Publiu V
le iu
Publicol
, found he 
e in
mo e 
nuil condiion. The new ye

h
d b ough wih i nohing new; he hough
bou c
ying he l
w, o
ubmiing o i, eng oed
ll he membe  of he 
e. The mo e he
younge membe  of he en
e ende
vou ed o ininu
e hemelve ino
f
vou wih he common, he mo e  enuouly did he  ibune  ive o
hw
 hem, o h
 hey ende ed hem upiciou in he eye of he
common by
lleging: "h

conpi
cy w
 fo med; h
 Co w
 in
Rome; h
 pl
n we e conce ed fo

in
ing he  ibune,
nd
buche ing he common. Th
 he commiion
igned by he elde
membe  of he p
 ici
n w
, h
 he young men hould
bolih he
 ibunii
n powe f om he 
e,
nd he fo m of gove nmen hould be
he 
me
 i h
d been befo e he 
c ed moun h
d been 
en
poeion of." Boh
w
f om he Volci
nd ui, which w
 now


ed hing,
nd one h
 w

egul
occu ence fo
lmo eve y
ye
, w

pp ehended,
nd
nohe evil ne
e home 
ed up
unexpecedly. The exile
nd l
ve o he numbe of fou hou
nd
nd
five hund ed men oo poeion of he C
piol
nd ci
del du ing he
nigh, unde he comm
nd of Appiu He doniu,

bine. Immedi
ely

m

c e oo pl
ce in he ci
del of hoe who h
d evinced
n
unwillingne o ene ino he conpi
cy
nd o 
e up
m. ome,
du ing he
l
m, un down o he fo um, d iven p ecipi
ely h ough
he p
nic; he c ie, "o
m,"
nd "he enemy
e in he ciy," we e
he
d
le n
ely. The conul we e boh
f
id o
m he common,
nd
o uffe hem o em
in un
med; unce 
in wh
 udden c
l
miy h
d


iled he ciy, whehe exe n
l o ineine, whehe f om he
h
 ed of he common o he  e
che y of he l
ve: hey we e fo
uieing he umul, by uch ende
vou  hey omeime ex
pe
ed
hem; fo he popul
ce, p
nic- icen
nd e ified, could no be

di eced by
uho iy. They give ou
m, howeve , no
indic imin
ely; only o h
, he enemy being ill unce 
in,[121]
he e migh be
p oecion ufficien o be elied on fo
ll
eme gencie. The em
inde of he nigh hey p
ed in poing gu
d
h ough p ope pl
ce h ough he eni e ciy,
nxiou
nd unce 
in,

o who he pe on migh be,
nd how g e
 he numbe of he enemy w
.
D
y-ligh hen dicloed he w

nd he le
de of he w
. Appiu
He doniu ummoned he l
ve o libe y f om he C
piol: "h
 he h
d
epoued he c
ue of eve y mo unfo un
e individu
l, in o de o
b ing b
c o hei coun y hoe d iven ou by opp eion,
nd o
emove he g ievou yoe f om he l
ve. Th
 he h
d
he h
 we e
done unde he
uho iy of he Rom
n people. If he e be no hope in
h
 u
e , h
 he would oue he Volci
n
nd ui,
nd would  y

ll ex emiie."

[Foonoe 121: _Ince o hoe_, i being
 ye unce 
in who he enemy
w
.]
16. The m
e beg
n o dicloe ielf mo e cle
ly o he p
 ici
n

nd he conul; beide hoe hing, howeve , which we e openly

decl
ed, hey d e
ded le hi migh be
cheme of he Veiene o

bine;
nd,
 he e we e o m
ny of he enemy in he ciy, le he

bine
nd E u i
n  oop migh come on
cco ding o
conce ed pl
n;

nd hen le hei ee n

l enemie, he Volci
n
nd ui, hould
come, no o
v
ge hei e io ie,
 befo e, bu o hei ve y
ciy,
l e
dy in p
 
en. M
ny
nd v
iou we e hei fe
;
mong
ohe , he mo p ominen w
 hei d e
d of he l
ve, le e
ch
migh h
bou
n enemy in hi own houe, one whom i w
 neihe
ufficienly 
fe o  u, no o deny[122] confidence o him le, by
no  uing him, he migh become mo e incened. And (he evil) eemed
c
cely c
p
ble of being eied by pe fec h
mony (beween he
diffe en o de  of he 
e); only no one
pp ehended he  ibune o
common, ohe evil p edomin
ing
nd con
nly 
ing up; h


ppe
ed
n evil of
mild n
u e,
nd one
lw
y
iing du ing he
ce
ion of ohe evil,
nd i hen
ppe
ed o be lulled o e by
exe n
l e o . Ye h
 w

lmo he only one h
 mo
gg
v
ed
hei di eing ci cum
nce: fo uch m
dne oo poeion of he
 ibune, h
 hey conended h
 no w
, bu he empy
ppe

nce of
w
h
d 
en poeion of he C
piol, o
ve  he people' mind
f om
ending o he l
w; h
 hee f iend
nd clien of he
p
 ici
n would dep
 in g e
e ilence h
n hey c
me, if hey once
pe ceived h
, by he l
w being p
ed, hey h
d
ied hee umul
in v
in. They hen held
meeing fo p
ing he l
w, h
ving c
lled

w
y he people f om hei
m. In he me
n ime, he conul convene
he en
e,
nohe d e
d p eening ielf on he p
 of he  ibune,
g e
e h
n h
 which he nighly foe h
d occ
ioned.
[Foonoe 122: _Fidem
b og
e_,--non h
be e fidem, non c ede e. _Non
c edendo_ he e eem upe fluou.]
17. When i w

nnounced h
 hei
m we e being l
id
ide,
nd
h
 he men we e uiing hei po, Publiu V
le iu, hi colle
gue
ill de
ining he en
e, h
en f om he en
e-houe; he come
hence ino he meeing o he  ibune: "Wh
 i
ll hi," 
y he,
" ibune? A e you dee mined o ove h ow he commonwe
lh unde he
guid
nce
nd
upice of Appiu He doniu? H
 he been o ucceful in
co uping you, who, by hi
uho iy, h
 no influenced you l
ve?
When he enemie
e ove ou he
d, i i you ple
u e h

m
hould be given up,
nd l
w be p opoed?" Then di ecing hi dicou e
o he popul
ce: "If, Rom
n, no conce n fo you ciy, fo you elve,

move you,
 le
 eve e he god of you coun y, now m
de c
pive by
he enemy. Jupie , he be
nd g e
e, Queen Juno,
nd Mine v
, he
ohe god
nd goddee,
e beieged; he c
mp of l
ve now hold he
uel
y god of he 
e. Doe hi eem o you he fo m of

e in
i ene? uch
c owd of enemie i no only wihin he w
ll, bu in
he ci
del, comm
nding he fo um
nd en
e-houe: in he me
n while
meeing
e being held in he fo um; he en
e i in he en
e-houe,
ju
 when pe fec 
nuilliy p ev
il; he en
o give hi
opinion, he ohe Rom
n give hei voe. Would i no behove
ll he
p
 ici
n
nd common, conul,  ibune, ciizen,
nd
ll cl
e of
pe on, o b ing
id wih
m in hei h
nd, o un ino he C
piol,
o libe
e
nd eo e o pe
ce h
 mo
ugu eidence of Jupie ,
he be
nd g e
e? O F
he Romulu! do hou infue ino hy p ogeny
h
 dee min
ion of hine, by which you once ecove ed f om hee 
me

bine he ci
del, when ob
ined by gold. O de hem o pu ue hi

me p
h, which hou,
 le
de ,
nd hy
my, pu ued. Lo! I,

conul, h
ll be he fi  o follow hee
nd hy fooep,
 f



mo 
l c
n follow
god." The cloe of hi peech w
: "Th
 he would

e up
m, h
 he invied eve y ciizen of Rome o
m; if
ny one
hould oppoe, h
 he, [123]fo geful of he conul

uho iy, he
 ibunii
n powe ,
nd he devoing l
w, would conide him

n
enemy, whoeve he m
y, whe eoeve he m
y, in he C
piol, o in he
fo um. Th
 he  ibune migh o de
m o be 
en up
g
in Publiu
V
le iu he conul, ince hey fo bid i
g
in Appiu He doniu; h

he would venu e o
c in h
 m
nne in he c
e of he  ibune, in
which he founde of hi f
mily h
d venu ed o
c in he c
e of
ing." I now bec
me
pp
en h
 ex eme violence w

bou o 
e
pl
ce,
nd h

diu b
nce
mong he Rom
n would be exhibied


igh o he enemy; he l

w, howeve , could neihe be p ep
ed, no
could he conul p oceed o he C
piol: nigh u
hed he cone h

h
d commenced; he  ibune yielded o he nigh, d e
ding he
m of
he conul. The fomene  of he diu b
nce being emoved f om
hence, he p
 ici
n wen
bou
mong he common,
nd in oducing
hemelve ino hei ci cle of conve 
ion, hey in oduced
obe v
ion uied o he occ
ion: hey
dvied hem "o bew
e ino
wh
 h
z
d hey we e b inging he commonwe
lh; h
 he cone w

no beween he p
 ici
n
nd common, bu h
 p
 ici
n
nd common
ogehe , he fo  e of he ciy, he emple of he god, he
gu
di
n god of he 
e
nd of p iv
e f
milie, we e being delive ed
up o he enemy." Whil hee
ff
i 
e going on in he fo um fo he
pu poe of
ppe
ing he diu b
nce, he conul in he me
n ime h
d

med he eve

l g
e
nd he w
ll, le he 
bine o he Veieni
n
enemy hould m
e
ny move.
[Foonoe 123: _Fo geful of he conul
, &c._--i.e. fo geful of he
limi of he conul

uho iy;
cing in he 
me m
nne
 if i
powe we e unbounded,
nd
dmied no
ppe
l.]
18. On he 
me nigh, meenge  come o Tuculum
nnouncing h
 he
ci
del w
 
en,
nd he C
piol eized,
nd he ohe 
e of
diu b
nce in he ciy. Luciu M
miliu w

 h
 ime dic
o

Tuculum; he, h
ving immedi
ely convoed he en
e
nd in oduced he
meenge , e
nely
dvie: "Th
 hey hould no w
i unil

mb

do  c
me f om Rome, uing fo
i
nce; h
 he ve y d
nge

nd i,
nd he oci
l god,
nd he f
ih of  e
ie, dem
nded i;
h
 he god would neve
ffo d hem
n eu
l oppo uniy of obliging
o powe ful

e
nd o ne

neighbou ." I i dee mined h


i
nce hould be en: he young men
e en olled;
m
e given o
hem. Coming o Rome
 b e
 of d
y, hey

di
nce exhibied he

ppe

nce of enemie. The ui o Volci
n
ppe
ed o be coming. Then

when he g oundle

l
m w
 emoved, hey
e
dmied ino he ciy,

nd decend in
body ino he fo um. The e Publiu V
le iu, h
ving
lef hi colle
gue o gu
d he g
e, w
 now d
wing up in o de of
b
le. The g e
 influence of he m
n h
d p oduced
n effec, when he

ffi med h
, "he C
piol being ecove ed,
nd he ciy eo ed o
pe
ce, if hey would
llow hemelve o be convinced wh
 lu ing f
ud
w
 conce
led unde he l
w p opoed by he  ibune, h
 he would
offe no ob ucion o he meeing of he people, mindful of hi

nceo , mindful of hi u n
me,
nd h
 he p ovince of p oecing
he people h
d been h
nded down o him
 he edi
y by hi
nceo ."
Following him
 hei le
de , nowih
nding he  ibune c ied ou

g
in i, hey di ec hei m
ch up he C
pioline hill. The Tucul
n
 oop
lo joined hem. Allie
nd ciizen vied wih e
ch ohe which
of hem hould
pp op i
e o hemelve he honou of ecove ing he
ci
del. E
ch le
de encou
ge hi own men. Then he enemy bec
me
e ified,
nd pl
ced no dependence on
ny bu he pl
ce. The Rom
n
nd

llie
dv
nce on hem whil in hi 
e of
l
m. They h
d now
b oen ino he po ch of he emple, when Publiu V
le iu i l
in

nim
ing he figh
 he he
d of hi men. Publiu Volumniu,
m
n of
conul

n, 
w him f
lling. H
ving di eced hi men o cove he
body, he uhe fo w
d o he pl
ce
nd office of conul. Th ough hei

dou
nd impeuoiy he pe cepion of o he
vy
blow did no e
ch
he oldie ; hey conue ed befo e hey pe ceived h
 hey conue ed
wihou
le
de . M
ny of he exile defiled he emple wih hei
blood; m
ny we e 
en
live; He doniu w
 l
in. Thu he C
piol w

ecove ed. Wih epec o he p ione ,[124] punihmen w
 infliced
on e
ch
cco ding o hi 
ion, whehe he w

f eem
n o
l
ve.
The common
e 
ed o h
ve h own f
hing ino he conul' houe,
h
 he migh be bu ied wih g e
e olemniy.
[Foonoe 124: Niebuh hin h
 Co w

mong he numbe . ee c
p.
25, whe e we e
d "Conem neue Quini f
mili, neue eipublic
eiui poe." Comp. Niebuh ii. n. 673, W
chmuh, p. 347.]
19. Pe
ce being e
blihed, he  ibune hen p eed on he p
 ici
n
o fulfil he p omie of Publiu V
le iu; hey p eed on Cl
udiu, o
f ee he h
de of hi colle
gue f om b e
ch of f
ih,
nd o
llow he
buine of he l
w o p oceed. The conul
e ed h
 he would uffe
he dicuion on he l
w o go on, ill he h
d
colle
gue
ppoined in
he oom of he dece
ed. Thee dipue held on unil he elecion fo
ubiuing
conul. In he monh of Decembe ,[125] by he mo
ze
lou exe ion of he p
 ici
n, Luciu Quiniu Cincinn
u, Co'
f
he , i eleced conul o ene on hi office wihou del
y. The
common we e dim
yed
 hei being
bou o h
ve
 conul
m
n
incened
g
in hem, powe ful by he uppo  of he p
 ici
n, by hi
own me i,
nd by h ee on, no one of whom yielded o Co in
g e
ne of pi i; "whil hey we e upe io o him by hei
exe ciing p udence
nd mode
ion, when he occ
ion eui ed." When he
ene ed on hi office, in hi f euen h

ngue f om he  ibun
l, he
w
 no mo e vehemen in e
ining he common h
n in ep oving he
en
e, "by he lilene of which body he  ibune of he common,
now become pe peu
l, by me
n of hei ongue
nd p oecuion
exe cied eg
l
uho iy, no
 in
epublic of he Rom
n people, bu

 if in
n ill- egul
ed f
mily. Th
 wih hi on Co, fo iude,
con
ncy,
ll he plendid u
lific
ion of youh in w
o in pe
ce,
h
d been d iven
nd exiled f om he ciy of Rome: h
 
l
ive
nd
u bulen men, owe  of dico d, wice
nd even h ice e-eleced
 ibune, lived in he mo de ucive p
cice wih eg
l y
nny.
Did h
 Aulu Vi giniu," 
y he, "dee ve le punihmen h
n Appiu
He doniu, bec
ue he w
 no in he C
piol? conide
bly mo e, by

Jove, (in he mind of

ny one) who would judge he m
e f
i ly.
He doniu, if nohing ele, by
vowing himelf
n enemy, in
m
nne
g
ve you noice o 
e up
m: hi m
n, by denying he exience of
w
, oo
m ou of you h
nd,
nd expoed you defencele o you
l
ve
nd exile. And did you, (wihou
ny offence o C
iu Cl
udiu

nd o Publiu V
le iu, now no mo e le me 
y i,) did you
dv
nce

g
in he C
pioline hill befo e you expelled hoe enemie f om he
fo um. I i h
meful befo e god
nd men. When he enemy we e in he
ci
del, in he ve y C
piol, when he le
de of he exile
nd l
ve,

fe p of
ning eve y hing, oo up hi eidence in he h ine of
Jupie , he be
nd g e
e,
m we e 
en up in Tuculum oone
h
n in Rome. I w

m
e of doub whehe Luciu M
miliu, he
Tucul
n le
de , o Publiu V
le iu
nd C
iu Cl
udiu, he conul,
ecove ed he Rom
n ci
del,
nd we, who fo me ly did no uffe he
L
in o ouch
m, even in hei own defence, when hey h
d he enemy
in hei ve y f onie , hould h
ve been 
en
nd de oyed now, h
d
no he L
in 
en up
m of hei own
cco d. T ibune, i hi
b inging
id o he common, o expoe hem in
defencele 
e o be
buche ed by he enemy. Now, if
ny one, even he humble individu
l of
you common, (which po ion you h
ve
 i we e b oen off f om he
e of he 
e,
nd m
de i you coun y
nd peculi
commonwe
lh,)
if
ny one of hee pe on we e o b ing wo d h
 hi houe w
 bee
by
n
med b
nd of l
ve, you would hin h

i
nce hould be

ffo ded o him. W

 Jupie , he be
nd g e
e, when u ounded by
he
m of exile
nd of l
ve, dee ving of no hum
n
id? And do
hee pe on eui e h
 hey be conide ed 
c ed
nd
inviol
ble,[126] wih whom he god hemelve
e neihe 
c ed no
inviol
ble? Bu, eeped
 ye
e in c ime
g
in boh god
nd men,
do ye 
y h
 you will p
 you l
w hi ye
? Ve ily hen he d
y on
which I w
 c e
ed conul w

di
 ou d
y fo he commonwe
lh,
much mo e o even h
n h
 on which Publiu V
le iu he conul fell,
if ye hould c
y i. Now, fi  of
ll," 
y he, "Rom
n, i i he
inenion of myelf
nd of my colle
gue o m
ch he legion
g
in he
Volci
nd he ui. I now no by wh
 f

liy we find he god mo e
p opiiou when we
e
 w
h
n in pe
ce. How g e
 he d
nge f om
hoe 
e would h
ve been, h
d hey nown h
 he C
piol w

beieged by exile, i i bee o conjecu e f om he p
, h
n o
feel f om
cu
l expe ience."
[Foonoe 125: The conul unde o din
y ci cum
nce ued o commence
hei office
 hi ime on he C
lend of Augu.]
[Foonoe 126: _Neue 
c i neue 
nci_. Wh
eve i conec
ed by
eligion i 
id o be _
c um_; whil _
ncum_ i 
id of h
 which
he l
w 
e o be inviol
ble.]
20. The conul' h

ngue h
d
g e
 effec on he common; he
p
 ici
n, ecove ing hei pi i, conide ed he 
e

e-e
blihed. The ohe conul, mo e e
ge

econde h
n
 he
fi  move (of
me
u e), e
dily uffe ing hi colle
gue o 
e he
fi  le
d in
m
e of o much impo 
nce, cl
imed o himelf hi
h
e of he conul
duy in execuing he pl
n. Then he  ibune,
mocing hee decl

ion
 empy, wen on inui ing "by wh
 me
n
he conul would le
d ou he
my,
 no one would
llow hem o hold

levy?" "Bu," 
y Quiniu, "we h
ve no occ
ion fo
levy; ince

he ime Publiu V
le iu g
ve
m o he common o ecove he
C
piol, hey
ll oo
n o
h o him, h
 hey would
emble on
n
o de f om he conul,
nd would no dep
 wihou
n o de . We
he efo e publih ou o de h

ll of you, who h
ve wo n,
end
o-mo ow unde
m
 he l
e Regillu." The  ibune hen beg
n o

c
vil,
nd wihed o
bolve he people f om hei oblig
ion; h

Quiniu w

p iv
e pe on
 he ime
 which hey we e bound by
he o
h. Bu h
 di eg
d of he god which p ev
il in he p een

ge h
d no ye
ived; no did eve y one, by hi own ine p e
ion,

ccommod
e o
h
nd l
w o hi own pu poe, bu
he
d
ped hi
conduc o hem. Whe efo e he  ibune,
 he e w
 no hope of
ob ucing he m
e ,
emped o del
y he dep
u e (of he
my)
he mo e e
nely on hi
ccoun, bec
ue
epo  h
d gone ou "boh
h
 he
ugu  h
d been o de ed o
end
 he l
e Regillu,
nd o
conec
e
pl
ce, whe e buine migh be 
n
ced wih he people
wih he benefi of
upice; h
 wh
eve h
d been p
ed
 Rome by
 ibunii
n violence, migh be epe
led he e in
n
embly. Th

ll
would
g ee o h
 which he conul wihed; fo h
 he e w
 no

ppe
l

di
nce g e
e h
n h
 of
mile f om he ciy:
nd h

he  ibune, if hey hould come he e, would,
mong he e of he
c owd, be ubjeced o he conul

uho iy." Thee m
e 
l
med
hem; bu he g e
e e o which
ced on hei mind w
, h

Quiniu f euenly 
id, "h
 he would no hold
n elecion of
conul. Th
 he 
e w

ffeced wih uch
die
e,
 could no
be opped by he o din
y emedie. Th
 he commonwe
lh eui ed

dic
o , o h
 whoeve hould i
ep o diu b he pe
ce of he

e, migh feel h
 he dic
o hip w
 wihou
ppe
l."
21. The en
e w

embled in he C
piol. Thihe he  ibune come
wih he common in g e
 cone n
ion: he popul
ce, wih loud
cl
mou , implo e he p oecion now of he conul, now of he
p
 ici
n: no could hey m
e he conul ecede f om hi
dee min
ion, unil he  ibune p omied h
 hey would be unde he
di ecion of he p
 ici
n. Then on he conul' l
ying befo e hem he
dem
nd of he  ibune
nd common, dec ee of he en
e
e p
ed,
"Th
 neihe he  ibune hould p opoe he l
w du ing h
 ye
,
nd
h
 he conul hould no le
d he
my f om he ciy--h
 fo he
ime o come, he en
e decided h
 i w
 o he inju y of he
commonwe
lh, h
 he 
me m
gi
e hould be coninued,
nd he

me  ibune be e-
ppoined." The conul confo med o he
uho iy
of he en
e, he  ibune we e e-
ppoined nowih
nding he
emon
nce of he conul. The p
 ici
n
lo, h
 hey migh no
yield o he common in
ny p
icul
, e-eleced Luciu Quiniu
conul. No p oceeding of he conul w
 u ged wih mo e w
mh du ing
he eni e ye
. "C
n I be u p ied," 
y he, "if you
uho iy i of
lile weigh, conc ip f
he ? you elve
e dip

ging i.
Fo ooh, bec
ue he common h
ve viol
ed
dec ee of he en
e, by
e-
ppoining hei m
gi
e, you you elve
lo wih i o be
viol
ed, le ye hould yield o he popul
ce in
hne;
 if o
poe g e
e powe in he 
e conied in h
ving mo e of
incon
ncy
nd i egul
iy; fo i i ce 
inly mo e incon
n
nd
g e
e folly, o do
w
y wih one' own dec ee
nd eoluion, h
n
hoe of ohe . Imi
e, conc ip f
he , he inconide
e
muliude;
nd ye, who hould be
n ex
mple o ohe , 
ng e by he
ex
mple of ohe ,
he h
n ohe  hould
c co ecly by you ,
p ovided I imi
e no he  ibune, no uffe myelf o be e-eleced
conul, con
y o
dec ee of he en
e. Bu I
dvie you, C
iu
Cl
udiu, h
 boh you on you p
 e
in he Rom
n people f om hi
licenioune,
nd h
 you be pe u
ded of hi on my p
, h
 I
h
ll o 
e i,
 no o conide h
 my honou h
 been ob uced
by you, bu h
 he glo y of declining he honou h
 been
ugmened,

nd he odium, which would h

ng ove me f om i being coninued, h

been leened." Upon hi hey iue hi o de joinly: "Th
 no one
hould
emp o m
e Luciu Quiniu conul: if
ny one hould do o,
h
 hey would no
llow h
 voe."

22. The conul eleced we e Quinu F

biu Vibul
nu,
hi d ime,
nd
Luciu Co neliu M
lugineni. The cenu w
 pe fo med h
 ye
; i
w

m
e of eligiou c uple h
 he lu um hould be cloed, on

ccoun of he C
piol h
ving been 
en
nd he conul l
in. In he
conul
e of Quinu F
biu
nd Luciu Co neliu, diu b
nce b oe ou
immedi
ely
 he commencemen of he ye
. The  ibune we e u ging on
he common. The L
in
nd He nici b ough wo d h

fo mid
ble w

w
 in p ep

ion on he p
 of he Volci
n
nd ui; h
 he
 oop of he Volci
n we e now
 Anium. G e

pp ehenion w

lo
ene 
ined, h
 he colony ielf would evol:
nd wih difficuly
we e he  ibune p ev
iled on o
llow he w
o 
e p ecedence. The
conul hen divided he p ovince beween hem. I w

igned o
F
biu o m
ch he legion o Anium; o Co neliu, o p oec he
ciy; le
ny p
 of he enemy,
 w
 he p
cice of he ui,
hould come o commi dep ed
ion. The He nici
nd L
in we e o de ed
o upply oldie  in confo miy o he  e
y;
nd in he
my wo
p
 conied of
llie, one p
 of n
ive. When he
llie c
me o
he d
y
l e
dy
ppoined, he conul piche hi c
mp ouide he
C
pu
n g
e. Then,
fe he
my w
 pu ified, he e ou fo Anium,

nd enc
mped no f
f om he own,
nd 
nding c
mp of he enemy.
Whe e, when he Volci
n, no venu ing o i
n eng
gemen, we e
p ep
ing o p oec hemelve uiely wihin hei
mp
, on he
following d
y F
biu d ew up no one mixed
my of
llie
nd ciizen,
bu h ee ep

e bodie of he h ee 
e
ound he enemy' wo .
He himelf w
 in he cen e wih he Rom
n legion. He o de ed hem o
w
ch fo he ign
l f om hence, o h
 he
llie migh boh commence
he
cion ogehe ,
nd ei e ogehe , if he hould ound
e e
.
He pl
ced hei c
v
l y in he e
of e
ch diviion. H
ving hu


iled he c
mp in h ee diffe en poin, he u ound i;
nd when
he p eed on f om eve y ide, he dilodge f om he
mp
 he
Volci
n, no
ble o u
in hi

c. H
ving hen c oed he
fo ific
ion, he expel f om he c
mp he c owd who we e dim
yed
nd
inclining ow
d one di ecion. Upon hi he c
v
l y, who could no
e
ily p
 ove he
mp
, h
ving ood by up o h
 pe iod me e
pec
o  of he figh, h
ving come up wih hem whil flying in
dio de on he open pl
in, enjoy
h
e of he vico y, by cuing
down he
ff ighed  oop. The l
ughe of hem
 hey fled w

g e
, boh in he c
mp
nd ouide he line; bu he booy w
 ill
g e
e , bec
ue he enemy we e c
cely
ble o c
y off hei
m
wih hem;
nd hei eni e
my would h
ve been de oyed, h
d no he
wood cove ed hem in hei fligh.
23. Whil hee 
n
cion
e 
ing pl
ce
 Anium, he ui, in
he me
n while, ending fo w
d he m
in  engh of hei youh,
u p ie he ci
del of Tuculum by nigh,
nd wih he e of hei

my hey i down
 no g e
 di
nce f om he w
ll of Tuculum, o

 o divide he fo ce of he enemy. Thi

ccoun being uicly b ough
o Rome,
nd f om Rome o Anium,
ffec he Rom
n no le h
n if i
w
 old hem h
 he C
piol w
 
en; o ecen we e boh he
e vice of he Tucul
n,
nd he ve y imiliude of he d
nge eemed
o eui e
eu n of he
id h
 h
d been
ffo ded. F
biu, giving up
eve y ohe objec, emove he booy h
ily f om he c
mp o Anium.
H
ving
m
ll g
ion he e, he hu ie on hi
my by fo ced m
che
o Tuculum. The oldie  we e
llowed o c
y nohing bu hei
m,

nd wh
eve d eed p oviion w

 h
nd. The conul Co neliu end
p oviion f om Rome. The w
w
 c
ied on
 Tuculum fo eve
l
monh. Wih one p
 of hi
my he conul

iled he c
mp of he
ui;
p
 he h
d given o he Tucul
n o ecove hei ci
del.
They neve could h
ve m
de hei w
y o i by fo ce. F
mine
 lengh

wihd ew he enemy f om i. And when hey c

me o hi
 l
, hey
we e
ll en unde he yoe by he Tucul
n, un
med
nd n
ed. Thee,
when be
ing hemelve home by
n ignominiou fligh, we e ove 
en
by he Rom
n conul on Algidum
nd cu off o
m
n. Afe hi vico y,
h
ving m
ched b
c[127] hi
my o Columen, (h
 i he n
me of he
pl
ce,) he piche hi c
mp. The ohe conul
lo,
 oon
 he Rom
n
w
ll ce
ed o be in d
nge , he enemy being defe
ed, e ou f om
Rome. Thu he conul, h
ving ene ed he e io ie of he enemie on
wo diffe en ide,  enuouly vie wih e
ch ohe in depopul
ing he
Volci
n on he one h
nd, he ui on he ohe . I find in ome w ie 
h
 he people of Anium evoled[128] he 
me ye
. Th
 Luciu
Co neliu, he conul, conduced h
 w

nd oo he own, I would no
venu e o
ffi m fo ce 
in, bec
ue no menion i m
de of he m
e

mong he olde w ie .

[Foonoe 127: _Exe ciu elico_ i he o din
y e
ding. C evie
obe ve h
 _ educo_ i he mo e co ec.]
[Foonoe 128: Thi
ccoun doe no eem o be co ec. ee Niebuh ii.
p. 254.]
24. Thi w
being concluded,
 ibunii
n w

 home
l
m he
en
e. They excl
im, "h
 he de
ining he
my
b o
d w
 done fo

f
udulen moive: h
 uch f u
ion w
 fo he pu poe of doing

w
y wih he l
w; h
 hey, howeve , would go h ough wih he m
e
unde 
en by hem." Publiu Luc eiu, howeve , he p fec of he
ciy, o f
p ev
iled h
 he p oceeding of he  ibune we e
poponed ill he
iv
l of he conul. A new c
ue of diu b
nce

lo
oe. Aulu Co neliu
nd Quinu e viliu, uo ,
ppoin

d
y of  i
l fo M
cu Volciu, bec
ue he h
d come fo w
d


m
nifely f
le wine
g
in Co. Fo i
ppe
ed by m
ny p oof,
h
 he b ohe of Volciu, f om he ime he fi  bec
me ill, no
only neve
ppe
ed in public, bu h
 he h
d no even
ien f om hi
ic bed,
nd h
 he died of
n illne of eve
l monh' 
nding;

nd h

 he ime o which he wine h
d efe ed he commiion of
he c ime, Co h
d no been een
 Rome: hoe who e ved in he
my
wih him, poiively 
ing h

 h
 ime he h
d con
nly

ended
 hi po wih hem wihou
ny le
ve of
bence. M
ny
pe on p opoed on hei own p iv
e eponibiliy o Volciu o h
ve

judici
l deciion on he m
e .[129] A he would no venu e o go o
 i
l,
ll hee m
e  coinciding ende ed he condemn
ion of
Volciu no le ce 
in h
n h
 of Co h
d been on he eimony of
Volciu. The  ibune occ
ioned
del
y, who 
id h
 hey would no
uffe he uo  o hold he
embly[130] conce ning he
ccued,
unle i w
 fi  held conce ning he l
w. Thu boh m
e  we e pun
ou ill he
iv
l of he conul. When hey ene ed he ciy in
 iumph wih hei vico iou
my, bec
ue ilence w
 (obe ved) wih
eg
d o he l
w, m
ny hough h
 he  ibune we e  uc wih
dim
y. Bu hey, (fo i w
 now he cloe of he ye
,) dei ou of
ob
ining
fou h  ibunehip, h
d u ned
w
y hei effo  f om he
l
w o c
nv
ing fo he elecion;
nd when he conul  ove wih no
le  enuoune h
n if he l
w in ueion we e p opoed fo he
pu poe of leening hei own digniy, he vico y in he cone w

on he ide of he  ibune. On he 
me ye
pe
ce w
 g
ned o he
ui on hei uing fo i. The cenu,
m
e commenced on he
p eceding ye
, i compleed. The numbe of ciizen
ed we e one
hund ed
nd eveneen hou
nd h ee hund ed
nd nineeen. The conul
ob
ined g e
 glo y hi ye
boh
 home
nd in w
, bec
ue hey
boh e-e
blihed pe
ce
b o
d
nd
 home; hough he 
e w
 no
in

e of
bolue conco d, ye i w
 le diu bed h
n
 ohe

ime.
[Foonoe 129: _Ni i
ee_,
leg
l fo m of exp eion,
mouning in
hi pl
ce o "if Volciu
emped o deny i." _P iv
im_. Beide
he uo  who by vi ue of hei office we e o p oecue Volciu,
m
ny pe on on hei own
ccoun,
nd on hei p iv
e eponibiliy,
cied him ino cou ,
nd ch
llenged him o dicu he c
e befo e

judge. A p oecuo w
 
id _fe e judicem e_, when he p opoed o
he
ccued pe on ome one ou of he _judice eleci_, befo e whom
he c
e migh be  ied; if he
ccued pe on conened o he pe on
n
med by p oecuo , hen he judge w
 
id _convenie_, o h
ve been

g eed on. omeime he

ccued w

llowed o elec hi own judge,
_judicem dice e_. When boh he p oecuo
nd he
ccued
g eed
 o
he judge, hey p eened
join peiion o he p o h
 he would

ppoin (_u d
e_) h
 pe on o  y he c
ue;
 he 
me ime hey
boh bound hemelve o p
y
ce 
in um, he one if he did no
e
blih hi ch
ge, _ni i
ee_; he ohe if he did no p ove hi
innocence.]
[Foonoe 130: _Comii
_, i. e. _cu i

_, which exe cied
uho iy in
he c
e of pe on
ccued of inflicing inju ie on he p
 ici
n.]
25. Luciu Minuciu
nd C
iu N
uiu being nex eleced conul, oo
up he wo c
ue which l
y ove ince he p eceding ye
. The conul
ob uced he l
w, he  ibune he  i
l of Volciu in he 
me
m
nne : bu in he new uo  he e w
 g e
e powe ,
nd g e
e
influence. Wih M
cu V
le iu, on of V
le iu
nd g
ndon of
Voleu, Tiu Quiniu C
piolinu, who h
d been h ice conul, w


ppoined uo . ince Co could neihe be eo ed o he Quini

n
f
mily, no could he, hough
mo p omiing young m
n, be eo ed o
he 
e, he july,
nd
 in duy bound, p oecued he f
le wine
who h
d dep ived
n innocen pe on of he powe of ple
ding hi c
ue.
When Vi giniu in p
icul

nd he (ohe )  ibune we e p omoing he
p
ing of he l
w, he p
ce of wo monh w

llowed o he conul
o ex
mine ino he l
w: o h
, when hey h
d 
ified he people,

o wh
 ec e deign we e conce
led unde i, hey hould hen
llow
hem o give hei voe. The g
ning hi epie e
blihed

nuilliy in he ciy. The ui howeve did no
llow hem long e;
who, in viol
ion of he  e
y which h
d been m
de wih he Rom
n he
ye
befo e, confe he chief comm
nd on G
cchu Clliu. He w
 hen
he le
ding m
n
mong he ui. Unde he comm
nd of G
cchu hey
c
y hoile dep ed
ion ino he di ic of L
vici, f om hence ino
h
 of Tuculum,
nd l
den wih booy hey pich hei c
mp
 Algidum.
To h
 c
mp Quinu F
biu, Publiu Volumniu, Aulu Pohumiu, come
o compl
in of he w ong commied,
nd o dem
nd eiuion in

cco d
nce wih he  e
y. The gene
l of he ui comm
nd hem "o
delive o he o
 wh
eve in ucion hey b ough f om he Rom
n
en
e; h
 he in he me
n ime hould
end o ohe m
e ." A
l
ge o
  ee hung ove he p o ium, he h
de of which coniued

ple

n e
. Then one of he
mb

do , when dep
ing, 
y, "Le
boh hi conec
ed o

nd
ll he god he
he  e
y viol
ed by
you,
nd f
vou boh ou compl
in now,
nd ou
m p eenly, when we
h
ll imul
neouly
venge he igh of god
nd men
 viol
ed by
you." A oon
 he
mb

do  eu ned o Rome, he en
e o de ed
one of he conul o le
d hi
my
g
in G
cchu
 Algidum, o he
ohe hey
igned
 hi p ovince he l
ying w
e of he coun y of
he ui. The  ibune,
cco ding o hei p
cice,
emped o
ob uc he levy;
nd p ob
bly would h
ve evenu
lly p evened i, bu

new c
ue of
l
m w
 uddenly
dded.

26. A l
ge body of 
bine, commiing d e
dful dev

ion,
pp o
ched
ve y cloe o he w
ll of he ciy. The field we e l
id w
e, he
ciy w
  uc wih e o . Then he common chee fully oo up
m;
wo l
ge
mie we e
ied, he  ibune emon
ing o no pu poe.
N
uiu led he one
g
in he 
bine;
nd h
ving piched hi c
mp

E eum, by m
ll de
chmen, gene
lly by nighly incu ion, he
effeced uch deol
ion in he 
bine l
nd, h
, when comp
ed o i,
he Rom
n e io ie eemed in
c by
n enemy. Minuciu h
d neihe
he 
me ucce no he 
me ene gy of mind in conducing hi buine;
fo
fe he h
d piched hi c
mp
 no g e
 di
nce f om he enemy,
wihou h
ving expe ienced
ny conide
ble lo, he ep himelf
h ough fe
wihin he c
mp. When he enemy pe ceived hi, hei
boldne inc e
ed,
 omeime h
ppen, f om ohe ' fe
;
nd h
ving


ced hi c
mp by nigh, when open fo ce did no ucceed well, hey
on he following d
y d ew line of ci cumv
ll
ion
ound i. Befo e
hee could cloe up
ll he p
e, by
v
llum being h own up on
ll
ide, five ho emen being dep
ched beween he enemie' po,
b ough he
ccoun o Rome, h
 he conul
nd hi
my we e beieged.
Nohing could h
ve h
ppened o unexpeced, no o unlooed-fo .
Acco dingly he p
nic
nd he
l
m w

 g e

 if he enemy
beieged he ciy, no he c
mp. They end fo he conul N
uiu; in
whom when he e eemed o be bu inufficien p oecion,
nd hey we e
dee mined h

dic
o hould be
ppoined o e ieve hei
emb

ed
ff
i , Luciu Quiniu Cincinn
u i
ppoined by
unive 
l conen. I i wo h hoe pe on' while o lien, who
depie
ll hing hum
n in comp
ion wih iche,
nd who uppoe
"h
 he e i no oom fo ex
led honou , no fo vi ue, unle whe e
iche
bound in g e
 p ofuion." Luciu Quiniu, he ole hope of he
Rom
n people, culiv
ed
f
m of fou
c e,
 he ohe ide of he
Tibe , which
e c
lled he Quini
n me
dow, oppoie o he ve y pl
ce
whe e he doc-y
d now i. The e, whehe le
ning on

e in
dich
which he w
 digging, o in he employmen of ploughing, eng
ged

le
 on ome u
l wo ,
 i ce 
in,
fe muu
l 
lu
ion h
d
p
ed, being eueed by he
mb

do  o pu on hi gown,
nd
lien o he comm
nd of he en
e, (wih wihe) h
 i migh be
h
ppy boh o him
nd o he commonwe
lh, being
onihed,
nd
ing
f euenly "whehe
ll w
 
fe," he bid hi wife R
cili
immedi
ely
o b ing hi og
f om hi hu. A oon
 he pu hi on
nd c
me
fo w
d,
fe fi  wiping off he du
nd we
, he
mb

do ,
cong
ul
ing him, unie in 
luing him
 dic
o : hey c
ll him
ino he ciy; expl
in o him wh
 e o now exi in he
my. A
veel w
 p ep
ed fo Quiniu by o de of gove nmen,
nd hi h ee
on h
ving come ou o mee him, eceive him on hi l
nding
 he
ohe ide; hen hi ohe el
ive
nd f iend; hen he g e
e p

of he p
 ici
n. Accomp
nied by hi nume ou
end
nce,
nd he
lico  going befo e him, he w
 conduced o hi eidence. The e w


nume ou concou e of he common

lo; bu hey by no me
n looed on
Quiniu wih eu
l ple
u e, conide ing boh he exen of hi

uho iy
 oo g e
,
nd he m
n veed wih uch
uho iy
he

bi
y. And du ing h
 nigh indeed nohing w
 done in he ciy
beide poing gu
d.
27. On he nex d
y he dic
o ,
fe he h
d come ino he fo um
befo e d
y-ligh, n
me
m
e of he ho e, Luciu T
uiiu,
m
n
of p
 ici
n f
mily, bu one who, hough he h
d e ved hi c
mp
ign

mong he foo by e

on of hi c
ny me
n, w
 ye conide ed by m
ny
deg ee he fi  in mili
y ill
mong he Rom
n youh. Wih hi
m
e of he ho e he c
me ino he
embly, p ocl
im
upenion of
civil buine, o de  he hop o be cloed h oughou he ciy,
nd
fo bid
ny one o
end o
ny p iv
e
ff
i . Then he comm
nd h



ll, whoeve we e of he mili
y
ge, hould
end unde
m, in he
C
mpu M
iu, befo e un-e, wih d eed p oviion fo five d
y

nd welve p
li
de,
nd he comm
nded h
 whoe
ge w
 oo f

dv
nced fo mili
y e vice, hould d e hei vicu
l fo he
oldie  in hei viciniy, whil he l
e we e p ep
ing
m,
nd
p ocu ing he p
li
de. Acco dingly, he young men un in diffe en
di ecion o p ocu e he p
li
de; hey oo hem whe eve hey we e
ne
e o hem; no one w
 p evened,
nd hey
ll
ended puncu
lly

cco ding o he dic

o ' o de . Then he  oop being fo med, no
mo e fied fo he m
ch h
n fo
n eng
gemen, hould he occ
ion
eui e i, he dic
o himelf m
che
 he he
d of he legion, he
m
e of he ho e
 he he
d of hi c
v
l y. In boh bodie he e
we e uch exho 
ion
 he juncu e ielf eui ed; h
 "hey
hould uicen hei p
ce; h
 he e w
 need of expediion, h
 hey
migh e
ch he enemy by nigh; h
 he conul
nd he Rom
n we e
beieged; h
 hey h
d been hu up now h ee d
y: h
 i w

unce 
in wh
 e
ch d
y o nigh migh b ing wih i; h
 he iue of
he mo impo 
n
ff
i  ofen depended on
momen of ime." They, o
ple
e hei le
de , excl
imed
mong hemelve, "
nd
d-be
e ,
h
en on; follow, oldie ." A midnigh hey e
ch Algidum:
nd,

oon
 hey pe ceived h
 hey we e ne
he enemy, hey h
led.
28. The e he dic
o , h
ving ode
bou,
nd h
ving obe ved,
 f

 could be
ce 
ined by nigh, wh
 he iu
ion of he c
mp w
,

nd wh
 i fo m, comm
nded he  ibune of he oldie  o o de he
b
gg
ge o be h own ino one pl
ce,
nd h
 he oldie  wih hei

m
nd p
li
de hould eu n o hei
n. Wh
 he comm
nded w

execued. Then, wih he egul
iy which hey h
d obe ved on he
m
ch, he d
w he eni e
my in
long column
ound he enemie'
c
mp,
nd di ec h
, when he ign
l w
 given, hey hould
ll
ie

hou;
nd h
 on he hou being
ied, e
ch m
n hould h ow up

 ench befo e hi po,
nd fix hi p
li
de. The o de  being iued,
he ign
l followed: he oldie  pe fo m wh
 hey we e comm
nded; he
hou eound
ound he enemy: i hen p
e beyond he c
mp of he
enemy,
nd e
che he conul' c
mp: i occ
ion p
nic in one pl
ce,
g e
 joy in
nohe . The Rom
n, obe ving o e
ch ohe wih
exul
ion, "h
 hi w
 he hou of hei coun ymen,
nd h

id
w

 h
nd," f om hei w
ch-gu
d
nd ou-po inimid
e he enemy
on hei p
. The conul 
y, h
 he e mu be no del
y: "h
 by
h
 hou no only hei
iv
l w
 inim
ed, bu h
 p oceeding
we e
l e
dy commenced by hei f iend;
nd h
 i would be
wonde
if he enemie' c
mp we e no

ced on he ouide." He he efo e
o de  hi men o 
e up
m
nd follow him. The b
le w
 commenced
by he legion du ing he nigh: hey give noice o he dic
o by

hou, h
 on h
 ide
lo he
cion w
 commenced. The u
n we e
now p ep
ing o p even he wo  f om being b ough
ound hem,[131]
when, he b
le being commenced by he enemy f om wihin, u ning hei

enion f om hoe employed on he fo ific

ion o hoe who we e
fighing on he inide, le

lly hould be m
de h ough he cen e
of hei c
mp, hey lef he nigh o em
in wihou ine upion fo
he finihing of he wo ;
nd hey coninued he figh wih he conul
ill d
yligh. A he b e
 of d
y hey we e now encomp
ed by he
dic
o ' wo ,
nd we e c
cely
ble o m
in
in he figh
g
in
one
my. Then hei line we e

ced by Quiniu'
my, who
immedi
ely
fe compleing hei wo  eu ned o hei
m. He e

new figh p eed on hem: he fo me one h

d uffe ed no el
x
ion.
Then he wofold pe il p eing h
d on hem, u ning f om fighing o
en e
ie, hey implo ed he dic
o on he one h
nd, he conul on
he ohe , no o m
e he vico y coni in hei gene
l l
ughe ,
h
 hey would uffe hem o dep
 wihou
m. When hey we e bid

by he conul o go o he dic

o , he, incened
g
in hem,
dded
ignominy (o defe
). He o de  G
cchu Cloeliu, hei gene
l,
nd
ohe le
de  o be b ough o him in ch
in,
nd h
 hey hould
ev
cu
e he own of Co bio; "h
 he w
ned no he blood of he
u
n: h
 hey we e
llowed o dep
; bu h
 he confeion m
y be

 lengh exo ed, h

 hei n
ion w
 defe
ed
nd ubdued, h

hey hould p
 unde he yoe." The yoe i fo med wih h ee pe
,
wo fixed in he g ound,
nd one ied
c o beween he uppe end of
hem. Unde hi yoe he dic
o en he u
n.
[Foonoe 131: _Ad p ohibend
ci cumd
i ope
_.  oh obe ve h
 i
hould be mo e p ope ly _
d p ohibend
ci cumd
nd
ope
_, i. e.
d
p ohibendum, ne ope
ci cumd
enu .]
29. The enemy' c
mp being 
en, which w
 full of eve y hing, (fo he
h
d en hem
w
y n
ed,) he di ibued
ll he booy
mong hi own
oldie  only: chiding he conul'
my
nd he conul himelf, he

y, "oldie , ye h
ll do wihou
ny po ion of he poil 
en f om
h
 enemy o which you we e well nigh becoming
poil:
nd you, Luciu
Minuiu, unil you begin o
ume he pi i of
conul, h
ll
comm
nd hee legion
 lieuen
n-gene
l." Minuiu
cco dingly
eign hi office of conul,
nd em
in wih he
my,
 he h
d been
comm
nded. Bu o meely obedien we e he mind of men
 h
 ime o

uho iy combined wih upe io me i, h

 hi
my, mindful of he
indne (confe ed)
he h
n of he lu (c
 on hem), boh voed

golden c own of
pound weigh o he dic
o ,
nd 
lued him

hei p
 on when eing ou. The en
e
 Rome, being convened by
Quinu F
biu, p fec of he ciy, o de ed Quiniu o ene he ciy
in  iumph, in he o de of m
ch in which he w
 coming. The le
de  of
he enemy we e led befo e hi c
: he mili
y 
nd
d we e c
ied
befo e him: hi
my followed l
den wih poil. T
ble wih p oviion

e 
id o h
ve been l
id ou befo e he houe of
ll,
nd (he
oldie ) p

ing of he ene 
inmen, followed he c
wih he
 iumph
l hymn
nd he uu
l je,
fe he m
nne of evelle . On
h
 d
y he f eedom of he 
e w
 g
ned o Luciu M
miliu of
Tuculum, wih unive 
l
pp ob
ion. The dic
o would h
ve l
id down
hi office, h
d no he
embly fo he  i
l of M
cu Volciu, he
f
le wine, de
ined him; he fe
of he dic
o p evened he
 ibune f om ob ucing i. Volciu w
 condemned
nd wen ino exile
o L
nuvium. Quiniu l
id down hi dic
o hip on he ixeenh d
y,
h
ving eceived i fo ix monh. Du ing hoe d
y he conul N
uiu
eng
ge he 
bine
 E eum wih diinguihed ucce. Beide he
dev

ion of hei l
nd, hi
ddiion
l blow
lo befell he

bine. F
biu Quinu w
 en o Algidum
 ucceo o Minuciu.
Tow
d he end of he ye
he  ibune beg
n o
gi
e he ueion
of he l
w; bu bec
ue wo
mie we e
b o
d, he p
 ici
n c
ied
he poin, h
 no buine hould be p opoed o he people. The
common ucceeded in elecing he 
me  ibune fo he fifh ime.
They epo  h
 wolve een in he C
piol we e d iven
w
y by dog;
h
 on
ccoun of h
 p odigy he C
piol w
 pu ified. uch we e he

n
cion in h
 ye
.
30. Quinu Minuciu
nd C
iu Ho
iu Pulvillu follow
 he nex
conul. A he commencemen of hi ye
, when he e w
 pe
ce
b o
d,
he 
me  ibune
nd he 
me l
w occ
ioned diu b
nce
 home;
nd
p
ie would h
ve p oceeded fu he , (o highly we e hei p
ion
infl
med,) h
d no,
 if fo he ve y pu poe, new been b ough, h

by
n

c of he u
n he g
ion
 Co bio h
d been cu off. The
conul convene he en
e; hey
e o de ed o
ie
h
y levy
nd
o p oceed o Algidum. Then he cone
bou he l
w being given up,

new dipue
oe eg
ding he levy. And he conul

uho iy[132]
w

bou o be ove powe ed by  ibunii
n influence, when
n
ddiion
l
c
ue of
l
m come on hem: h
 he 
bine
my h
d m
de
decen
ino he Rom
n l
nd o commi dep ed
ion; h
 f om hence hey we e

dv
ncing o he ciy. Thi fe
influenced he  ibune o
llow he
levy o p oceed, no wihou
ipul
ion, howeve , h
 ince hey h
d
been foiled fo five ye
,
nd
 h
 w
 bu lile p oecion o he
common, en  ibune of he people hould hencefo w
d be eleced.
Neceiy w ung hi f om he p
 ici
n; hi excepion only hey m
de,
h
 hey hould no he e
fe e-elec he 
me  ibune. The elecion
fo he  ibune w
 held immedi
ely, le h
 me
u e
lo, lie
ohe , migh p ove
deluion
fe he w
. On he hi y-ixh ye

fe he fi   ibune, en we e eleced, wo f om e

ch cl
;
nd
p oviion w
 m
de h
 hey hould be eleced in hi m
nne fo he
fuu e. The levy being hen held, Minuciu m
ched ou
g
in he

bine,
nd found no enemy. Ho
iu,
fe he u
n, h
ving pu he
g
ion
 Co bio o he wo d, h
d 
en O on

lo, figh
b
le

 Algidum; he l
y
g e
 numbe ; d ive he enemy no only f om
Algidum, bu f om Co bio
nd O on

lo. Co bio he
zed o he g ound
fo hei h
ving be
yed he g
ion.
[Foonoe 132: _Conul
e, impe ium  ibunicio
uxilio_.--The conul
poeed _impe ium_. The  ibune could no be 
id o poe i.
Thei p ovince w
 confined o _
uxilii l
io_, c.
dve u conule.]
31. M
cu V
le iu
nd pu iu Vi giniu
e nex eleced conul.
Quie p ev
iled
 home
nd
b o
d. They l
bou ed unde
c
ciy of
p oviion on
ccoun of he exceive
in. A l
w w
 p opoed
eg
ding he m
ing Moun Avenine public p ope y. The 
me  ibune
of he people being e-eleced on he following ye
, Tiu Romiliu
nd
C
iu Veu iu being conul,  ongly ecommended he l
w[133] in
ll
hei h

ngue, "Th
 hey we e
h
med of hei numbe inc e
ed o no
pu poe, if h
 ueion hould lie fo hei wo ye
 in he 
me
m
nne
 i h
d l
in fo he whole p eceding five." Whil hey we e
mo buily employed in hee m
e ,
n
l
ming
ccoun come f om
Tuculum, h
 he u
n we e in he Tucul
n e io y. The ecen
e vice of h
 
e m
de hem
h
med of del
ying elief. Boh he
conul we e en wih
n
my,
nd find he enemy in hei uu
l po
in Algidum. A b
le w
 fough he e; upw
d of even hou
nd of he
enemy we e l
in; he e we e oued; immene booy w
 ob
ined. Thi
he conul old on
ccoun of he low 
e of he  e
u y; he
p oceeding w
 he c
ue of di
if
cion o he
my,
nd i
lo

ffo ded o he  ibune m

e i
l fo b inging
ch
ge
g
in he
conul befo e he common. Acco dingly,
 oon
 hey wen ou of
office, in he conulhip of pu iu T
peiu
nd Aulu Ae iu,
d
y
w

ppoined fo Romiliu by C
iu Cl
udiu Cice o,  ibune of he
people; fo Veu iu, by Luciu Alienu, plebei
n dile. They we e boh
condemned, o he g e
 mo ific
ion of he p
 ici
n; Romiliu o p
y
en hou
nd _
e_; Veu iu, fifeen hou
nd. No did hi
mifo une of hei p edeceo  ende he new conul mo e emi.
They 
id h
 hey oo migh be condemned,
nd h
 he common
nd
 ibune could no c
y he l
w. Then h
ving h own up he l
w, which,
in i epe
ed public
ion, h
d now g own old, he  ibune
doped

milde mode of p oceeding wih he p

 ici
n. "Th
 hey hould

lengh pu
n end o hei dipue. If plebei
n l
w diple
ed hem,

 le
 hey hould uffe legil
o  (choen) in common, boh f om
he common
nd f om he p
 ici
n, who would p opoe me
u e

dv
n
geou o boh p
ie,
nd uch
 migh end o he
eu
liz
ion of libe y." Thi p opo
l he p
 ici
n did no ejec.
They 
id h
 "no one hould p opoe l
w, excep ome of he

p
 ici
n." When hey
g eed wih epec o he l
w,
nd diffe ed
only wih epec o he p opoe ;
mb

do  we e en o Ahen,
pu iu Pohumiu Albu, Aulu M
nliu, Publiu ulpiciu C
me inu;

nd hey we e o de ed o copy ou he celeb

ed l
w of olon,
nd o
become
cu
ined wih he iniuion, cuom,
nd l
w of he ohe

e of G eece.
[Foonoe 133: I i ex
o din
y h
 Livy m
e no menion he e of
icciu Den
u,
nd hi  enuou exe ion in ende
vou ing o c
y
he
g
i
n l
w,
 well
 of hi
ng y conenion wih he conul.
Fo hi ch

ce , ee Dion. x. 31, 32.]
32. The ye
w
 undiu bed by fo eign w
; he following one w

ill mo e uie, Publiu Cu i
iu
nd exu Quiniliu being conul,
he  ibune obe ving unine uped ilence, which w
 occ
ioned in
he fi  pl
ce by hei w
iing fo he
mb

do  who h
d gone o
Ahen,
nd fo he fo eign l
w; in he nex pl
ce, wo he
vy
c
l
miie
oe
 he 
me ime, f
mine
nd peilence, (which p oved)
de ucive o m
n,
nd eu
lly o o c
le. The l
nd we e lef
deol
e; he ciy exh
ued by
con
n ucceion of de
h. M
ny

nd illu iou f
milie we e in mou ning. The Fl
men Qui in
li,
e viliu Co neliu, died;

lo he
ugu , C
iu Ho
iu Pulvillu;
ino whoe pl
ce he
ugu  eleced C
iu Veu iu, he mo e e
ge ly,
bec
ue he h
d been condemned by he common. The conul Quiniliu
died,
nd fou  ibune of he people. The ye
w
 ende ed

mel
ncholy one by hee m
nifold di
e ; bu f om
n enemy he e w

pe fec uie. Then C
iu Meneniu
nd Publiu eiu C
piolinu we e
eleced conul. No w
 he e in h
 ye

ny exe n
l w
:
diu b
nce
oe
 home. The
mb

do  h
d now eu ned wih he
Aheni
n l
w; he  ibune p eed he mo e u genly, h


commencemen hould
 lengh be m
de of compiling he l
w. I w

eolved h
 decemvi  hould be eleced wihou
ppe
l,
nd h
 he e
hould be no ohe m
gi
e du ing h
 ye
. The e w
, fo

conide
ble ime,
dipue whehe plebei
n hould be
dmied
mong
hem:
 lengh he poin w
 given up o he p
 ici
n, p ovided h

he Icili
n l
w eg
ding he Avenine
nd he ohe devoing l
w we e
no epe
led.
33. In he h ee hund ed
nd fi  ye

fe Rome w
 buil, he fo m
of he gove nmen w

econd ime ch
nged, he up eme powe being

nfe ed f om conul o decemvi ,
 i h
d p
ed befo e f om
ing o conul. The ch
nge w
 le em

ble, bec
ue no of long
du
ion; fo he joyou commencemen of h
 gove nmen bec
me oo
liceniou. o much he oone did he m
e f
ll,
nd (he u
ge) w

ecu ed o, h
 he n
me
nd
uho iy of conul w
 commied o wo
pe on. The decemvi 
ppoined we e, Appiu Cl
udiu, Tiu Genuciu,
Publiu eiu, Luciu Veu iu, C
iu Juliu, Aulu M
nliu, e viu
ulpiciu, Publiu Cu i
iu, Tiu Romiliu, pu iu Poumiu. On
Cl
udiu
nd Genuciu, bec
ue hey h
d been eleced conul fo h

ye
, he honou w
 confe ed in compen
ion fo he honou (of he
conul
e);
nd on eiu, one of he conul of he fo me ye
,
bec
ue he h
d p opoed h
 m
e o he en
e
g
in he will of
hi colle
gue. Nex o hee we e conide ed he h ee
mb

do  who
h
d gone o Ahen;
 he 
me ime h
 he honou migh e ve


ecompence fo o di
n
n emb
y;
 he 
me ime hey conide ed
h
 pe on
cu
ined wih he fo eign l
w would be of ue in
digeing he new code of egul
ion. Ohe pe on m
de up he numbe .
They 
y h
 pe on
dv
nced in ye
 we e
ppoined by he l

uff
ge, in o de h
 hey migh oppoe wih le w
mh he opinion
of ohe . The di ecion of he eni e gove nmen w
 eed in Appiu

h ough he f
vou of he common,
nd he h
d
umed
deme
nou o
new, h
 f om
eve e
nd h
h evile of he people, he bec
me
uddenly
p oeco of he common,
nd
c
ndid
e fo popul
f
vou .
They
dminie ed juice o he people one eve y enh d
y. On h
 d
y
he welve f
ce
ended he p fec of juice; one be
dle
ended
e
ch of hi nine colle
gue,
nd in he ingul
h
mony
mong
hemelve, which un
nimiy migh omeime p ove p ejudici
l o p iv
e
pe on, he  ice euiy w
 hown o ohe . I will uffice o

dduce
p oof of hei mode
ion by in
ncing one m
e . Though hey
h
d been
ppoined wihou (he p ivilege of)
ppe
l, ye
de
d body
h
ving been found bu ied in he houe of Publiu eiu,
m
n of
p
 ici
n
n,
nd hi h
ving been b ough fo w
d in
n
embly, in

m
e eu
lly cle

nd
 ociou, C
iu Juliu,
decemvi ,

ppoined
d
y of  i
l fo eiu,
nd
ppe
ed befo e he people

p oecuo (in
m
e ) of which he w
 leg
lly
judge;
nd
elinuihed hi igh, o h
 he migh
dd wh
 h
d been 
en f om
he powe of he office o he libe y of he people.
34. Whil he highe
nd lowe
lie expe ienced f om hem hi
p omp
dmini
ion of juice, imp
i
l,
 if f om
n o
cle, hen
hei
enion w
 devoed o he f
ming of l
w;
nd he en 
ble
being p opoed
mid he inene expec
ion of
ll, hey ummoned he
people o
n
embly:
nd "wh
 m
y p ove f
vou
ble,
dv
n
geou,
nd
h
ppy o he commonwe
lh hemelve,
nd o hei child en, o de ed
hem o go
nd e
d he l
w h
 we e exhibied." "Th
 hey h
d
eu
lized he igh of
ll, boh he highe
nd he lowe,
 f


could be devied by he
biliie of en men; h
 he unde 
nding
nd
counel of
g e
e numbe migh p ove mo e ucceful; h
 hey
hould u n in hei mind e
ch p
icul
wihin hemelve, c
nv
 i
in conve 
ion;
nd b ing ogehe unde public dicuion wh
eve
migh eem
n exce o deficiency unde e
ch p
icul
. Th
 he Rom
n
people hould h
ve uch l
w,
 he gene
l conen migh
ppe
no o
much o h
ve
ified when p opoed,
 o h
ve p opoed f om
hemelve." When hey
ppe
ed ufficienly co eced
cco ding o
public opinion (
 exp eed) eg
ding e
ch ch
pe of he l
w
 i
w
 publihed, he l
w of he en 
ble we e p
ed
 he
embly
voing by cenu ie; which, even
 he p een ime,
mid hi immene
he
p of l
w c owded one upon he ohe , ill em
in he ou ce of
ll
public
nd p iv
e ju ip udence. A umou w
 hen p e
d h
 wo

ble we e w
ning; on he
ddiion of which
body,
 i we e, of he
whole Rom
n l
w migh be compleed. The expec
ion of hi,
 he d
y
of elecion
pp o
ched, c e
ed
dei e o
ppoin decemvi 
g
in. The
common now, beide h
 hey deeed he n
me of conul
 much

h
 of ing, eui ed no even he  ibunii
n
id,
 he decemvi 
in u n ubmied o
ppe
l.
35. Bu when he
embly fo elecing decemvi  w
 p ocl
imed fo he
hi d m
e-d
y, o  ong
fl
me of
mbiion bl
zed fo h, h
 he
fi  men of he 
e beg
n o c
nv
 individu
l, (h ough fe
, I
uppoe, le he poeion of uch high
uho iy migh become

cceible o pe on no ufficienly wo hy, if he po we e lef

unoccupied by hemelve,) uppli
nly oliciing fo
n honou , which
h
d been oppoed by hem wih
ll hei migh, f om h
 common wih
whom hey h
d o ofen conended. Thei digniy now lowe ed o he i
of
cone,
 uch
n
ge,
nd
fe p
ing h ough uch honou ,
imul
ed he exe ion of Appiu Cl
udiu. You would no now whehe
o econ him
mong he decemvi  o he c
ndid
e; he eembled mo e
cloely one c
nv
ing fo he office h
n one inveed wih i; he

pe ed he nobiliy, exolled eve y mo inignific

n
nd humble
c
ndid
e; u ounded by he Duilii
nd Icilii who h
d been  ibune, he

buled
bou he fo um, h ough hei me
n he ecommended himelf o
he common; unil hi colle
gue even, who ill hen h
d been ex emely
devoed o him, u ned hei eye on him, wonde ing wh
 he me
n. I
w
 eviden o hem, h
 he e w
 no ince iy in i; "h
 ce 
inly
uch
ff
biliy
mid uch p ide would no be fo nohing. Th
 hi
exceive lowe ing of himelf,
nd puing himelf on
level wih
p iv
e ciizen, w
 no o much he conduc o be expeced f om one
h
ening o go ou of office,
 of one eeing he me
n of coninuing
h
 office." No d
ing openly o oppoe hi wihe, hey e
bou
b
ffling hi
dou by humou ing i. They by common conen confe on
him,
 being he younge, he office of p eiding
 he elecion.
Thi w

n
ifice, h
 he migh no
ppoin himelf; which no one
eve did, excep he  ibune of he people,
nd h
 oo wih he ve y
wo  p eceden. He, howeve , decl
ing h
 wih he f
vou of fo une
he would p eide
 he elecion, eized on he (inended)
ob
cle[134]

h
ppy occ
ion;
nd h
ving by
co
liion foiled he
wo Quinii, C
piolinu
nd Cincinn
u,
nd hi own uncle, C
iu
Cl
udiu,
m
n mo edf
 in he ine e of he nobiliy,
nd ohe
ciizen of he 
me eminence, he
ppoin
 decemvi  men by no me
n
eu
l in
n of life: himelf in he fi  in
nce, which p oceeding
honou
ble men di
pp oved o much he mo e,
 no one h
d im
gined h

he would h
ve he d
ing o
c o. Wih him we e eleced M
cu
Co neliu-M
lugineni, M
cu e giu, Luciu Minuiu, Quinu F
biu
Vibul
nu, Quinu Peliu, Tiu Anoniu Me end
, Co Duiliu,
pu iu Oppiu Co nicen, M
niu R
buleiu.[135]
[Foonoe 134: _Impedimenum_. The f
c of hi p eiding
 he meeing
hould h
ve been
b
o hi being eleced
decemvi .]
[Foonoe 135: Niebuh will h
ve i h
 five of hee we e of plebei
n

n.]
36. Thi w
 he end of Appiu'
umpion of
ch

ce no hi own.
Hencefo w
d he beg
n o live
cco ding o hi own n
u
l dipoiion,

nd o mould o hi own empe hi new colle

gue befo e hey hould
ene on hei office. They held d
ily meeing emoe f om winee:
hen, fu nihed wih hei cheme of y
nny,[136] which hey digeed

p
 f om ohe , no longe diembling hei
og
nce, difficul of

cce, mo oe o
ll who
dd eed hem, hey c
ied ou he m
e o
he ide of M
y. The ide of M
y we e
 h
 ime he uu
l pe iod fo
commencing office. A he commencemen hen of hei m
gi
cy, hey
ende ed he fi  d
y of hei office em

ble by m
ing
n
exhibiion of g e
 e o . Fo when he p eceding decemvi  h
d
obe ved he ule, h
 only one hould h
ve he f
ce,
nd h
 hi
emblem of oy
ly hould p
 h ough
ll in o
ion, o e
ch in hi
u n, hey
ll uddenly c
me fo h wih he welve f
ce. One hund ed

nd weny lico  filled he fo um,

nd c
ied befo e hem he
xe
ied up wih he f
ce:
nd hey expl
ined h
 i w
 of no
coneuence h
 he
xe hould be 
en
w
y,
 hey h
d been

ppoined wihou he p ivilege of

ppe
l.[137] The e w
 he
ppe

nce
of en ing,
nd e o  we e muliplied no only in he humble
individu
l, bu even in he p incip
l men
mong he p
 ici
n, who
hough h

p eex
nd commencemen of bloodhed we e ough fo ; o
h
 if
ny one hould ue
wo d f
vou
ble o libe y, eihe in he
en
e o in
meeing of he people, he od
nd
xe would be
in
nly b ough fo w
d, even o inimid
e he e. Fo beide h

he e w
 no p oecion in he people, he igh of
ppe
l being done

w
y wih, hey h
d
lo by muu
l conen p ohibied ine fe ence wih
e
ch ohe :[138] whe e
 he p eceding decemvi  h
d
llowed he poin
of l
w decided by hemelve o be
mended by
ppe
l o
colle
gue,
nd

h
d efe ed o he people ome poin which migh eem o come wihin
hei own ju idicion. Fo
conide
ble ime he e o eemed
eu
lized
mong
ll
n; g
du
lly i beg
n o u n eni ely on he
common. They p
ed he p
 ici
n;
bi
y
nd c uel  e
men w

hown o he humble cl
e: hey we e wholly epecive of he pe on,
no of he c
ue:
 being pe on wih whom ine e uu ped he fo ce
of juice. Thei deciion hey conce ed
 home,
nd p onounced in
he fo um. If
ny pe on
ppe
led o
colle
gue, he lef he one o
whom he h
d
ppe
led in uch
m
nne
 o eg e h
 he h
d no

bided by he enence of he fo me . An opinion

lo h
d gone
b o
d
wihou
n
uho iy, h
 hey h
d conpi ed in hei y
nny no only
fo he p een ime, bu h

cl
ndeine le
gue h
d been  uc

mong hem (
ccomp
nied) wih
n o
h, h
 hey would no hold he
comii
,
nd h
 by pe peu
ing he decemvi
e hey would e
in he
powe now in hei poeion.
[Foonoe 136: _Impoenibu_, c. immode
i--_
i
diu_, he
geniive ingul
.--_ oh._]
[Foonoe 137: _Nec
inuie demi ecu im, uum ine p ovoc
ione
c e
i een, ine p e
b
nu _. V
le iu Publicol
h
d in oduced he
cuom of no h
ving he
xe ied up wih he f
ce when c
ied
befo e he conul in he ciy. Bu he decemvi  
id h
 hi w
,
bec
ue
n
ppe
l f om he conul o he people w

llowed. Whence,
ince hei ju idicion
llowed of no
ppe
l, hey _ine p eed_, i. e.
by ine p eing he me
ning o inenion of hi cuom, hey concluded
h
 hey we e no bound by i,
nd h
 he e w
 no e
on why hey
hould emove he
xe f om he f
ce.--_C ev._]
[Foonoe 138: _P ovoc
ione_--ine ceionem. The _p ovoc
io_ w
 o
he people, whil he _ine ceio_ efe ed o he decemvi 
g
in

colle
gue.]
37. The plebei
n hen beg
n o w
ch n
owly he counen
nce of he
p
 ici
n,
nd (hoped) o c
ch he b eeze of libe y f om h

u
e , by
pp ehending l
ve y f om which, hey h
d b ough he
epublic ino i p een condiion. The le
ding membe  of he en
e
deeed he decemvi , deeed he common; hey neihe
pp oved of
wh
 w
 going on,
nd hey conide ed h
 wh
 befell he l
e w

no wihou hei dee ving i. They we e unwilling o
i men who,
by uhing oo e
ge ly ow
d libe y, h
d f
llen ino l
ve y: hey
even he
ped inju ie on hem, h
, f om hei digu
 he p een

e of hing, wo conul
nd he fo me mode of gove nmen m
y

lengh become dei
ble. The g e
e p
 of he ye
w
 now p
ed,

nd wo 
ble of l
w h
d been
dded o he en 
ble of he fo me
ye
;
nd if hee l
w
lo we e once p
ed in
n
embly of he
cenu ie, he e now em
ined no e
on why he epublic hould eui e
h
 fo m of gove nmen. They we e
nxiouly w
iing o ee how oon
he
embly would be p ocl
imed fo he elecion of conul. The
common we e only deviing by wh
 me
n hey hould e-e
blih he
 ibunii
n powe , h
 bulw
 of hei libe y,
hing now o long
diconinued. When in he me
n ime no menion w
 m
de of he
elecion,
nd he decemvi , who h
d
 fi  exhibied hemelve o
he people, u ounded by men of  ibunii
n
n, bec
ue h
 w

deemed popul
, now gu
ded hemelve by collecing young p
 ici
n;
 oop of hee bee he  ibun
l. Thee eized
nd d ove
bou he
common,
nd he effec of he common; when ucce
ended he mo e
powe ful individu
l,
 f

 ob
ining
ny hing he migh cove.[139]
And now hey p
ed no even hei b
c. ome we e be
en wih od;
ohe  h
d o ubmi o he
xe;
nd le uch c uely migh go fo

nohing,
g
n of hi effec followed he punihmen of he owne .
Co uped by uch b ibe, he young nobiliy no only m
de no oppoiion
o opp eion, bu openly
vowed hei p efe ence of hei own
g
ific
ion o he gene
l libe y.
[Foonoe 139: _Quum fo un
, u
uicuid cupium fo e, poenio i
ee_.  oh conide  hi p

ge o be co up: he p opoe o e
d
_cum fo un
_, o h
 _po enio i ee_ m
y efe o _uicuid
cupium fo e_, i. e. wih uch f
vou
ble ucce, h
 eve y hing
which he mo e powe ful pe on migh cove, bec
me hi.]
38. The ide of M
y c
me. No new elecion of m
gi
e h
ving 
en
pl
ce, p iv
e pe on c
me fo h
 decemvi , wihou
ny
b
emen
eihe in hei dee min
ion o enfo ce hei
uho iy,[140] o
ny
diminuion in he emblem employed o m
e
p

de of hei 
ion.
Thi indeed eemed o be eg
l y
nny. Libe y i now deplo ed
 lo
fo eve ; no doe
ny ch
mpion 
nd fo h, o
ppe
liely o do o.
And no only hey hemelve un ino depondence, bu hey beg
n o be
looed down upon by he neighbou ing 
e;
nd hey fel indign
n
h
 dominion hould exi whe e libe y w
 lo. The 
bine wih

nume ou body of men m

de
n incu ion on he Rom
n e io y;
nd
h
ving commied exenive dev

ion,
fe hey h
d d iven wih
impuniy booy of men
nd c
le, hey ec
lled hei  oop which h
d
been dipe ed in diffe en di ecion o E eum,
nd pich hei c
mp
he e, g ounding hei hope on he dienion
 Rome; (
nd  uing)
h
 hey would p ove
n ob ucion o he levy. No only he cou ie ,
bu he fligh of he coun y people h ough he ciy, occ
ioned
l
m.
The decemvi  conul wh
 hould be done. Whil hey we e hu lef
deiue beween he h
 ed of he p
 ici
n
nd people, fo une

dded, mo eove ,
nohe c
ue of
l
m. The u
n on he oppoie ide
pich hei c
mp
 Algidum;
nd
mb

do  f om Tuculum, implo ing
elief, b ing
ccoun h
 he Tucul
n l
nd w

v
ged by de
chmen
f om hence. The p
nic occ
ioned he eby u ged he decemvi  o conul
he en
e, wo w

 he 
me ime u ounding he ciy. They o de
he p
 ici
n o be ummoned ino he en
e-houe, well
w
e wh


o m of eenmen w
 e
dy o b e
 upon hem; h

ll would he
p on
hem he c
ue of he l
nd l
id w
e,
nd of he d
nge  which
h e
ened hem;
nd h
 h
 would occ
ion
n
emp o
bolih
hei office, if hey did no unie in eiing,
nd by enfo cing hei

uho iy wih eve iy on

few of
n in
c
ble pi i ep e he
effo  of ohe . When he voice w
 he
d in he fo um of he c ie
ummoning he en
o  ino he en
e-houe befo e he decemvi ;


m
e
logehe new, bec
ue hey h
d long ince l
id
ide he cuom
of conuling he en
e, i

ced he
enion of he people, who
exp eed hei u p ie: "Wh
 could h
ve h
ppened, h

fe o long

n ine v
l hey hould evive
p
cice now diconinued. Th
 hey
h
d e
on o eu n h
n o he enemy
nd o w
, h

ny hing w

done h
 ued o be done when hei 
e w
 f ee." They looed
ound
fo
en
o h ough
ll p
 of he fo um,
nd eldom ecognied one

ny whe e: hey hen di eced hei

enion o he en
e-houe,
nd
o he oliude
ound he decemvi : whil boh hey hemelve
efe ed he non-
embling of he p
 ici
n o hei own unive 
lly
deeed gove nmen,
nd he common (would h
ve i, h
 he c
ue of
he non-
embling w
) bec
ue, being bu p iv
e ciizen, hey (he
decemvi ) h
d no igh o convene he en
e;[141] "h

he
d w

now fo med of hoe who would dem
nd b
c hei libe y, if he common
would bu
ccomp
ny he en
e,
nd
 he p
 ici
n, when ummoned,
did no
end he en
e, o he common
lo hould efue o enli."
uch we e he em
 of he common. The e w
 c
cely
ny of he
p
 ici
n in he fo um,
nd bu ve y few in he ciy. In digu wih

he 
e of
ff
i , hey h
d ei ed ino he coun y,
nd we e

ending o hei own

ff
i , enouncing
ll public conce n,
conide ing h
 hey hemelve we e
loof f om ill- e
men in
p opo ion
 hey hould emove hemelve f om he meeing
nd
conve e of hei impe iou m
e . When hoe who h
d been ummoned
did no
emble,
pp
io  we e dep
ched o hei houe, boh o
levy he pen
lie,[142]
nd o
ce 
in whehe hey declined

end
nce h ough deign? They b ing b
c wo d h
 he en
e w
 in
he coun y. Thi w
 mo e ple
ing o he decemvi , h
n if hey
b ough wo d h
 hey we e p een
nd efued obedience o hei
comm
nd. They comm
nd hem
ll o be en fo ,
nd p ocl
im
meeing
of he en
e fo he following d
y; which cong eg
ed ogehe in much
g e
e numbe  h
n hey hemelve h
d expeced. By which p oceeding
he common conide ed h
 hei libe y w
 be
yed by he
p
 ici
n, bec
ue he en
e h
d obeyed hoe pe on,
 if hey h
d

igh o compel hem, who h

d
l e
dy gone ou of office;
nd we e bu
p iv
e individu
l, we e i no fo he violence employed by hem.[143]
[Foonoe 140: _Inhibendum_, c. _
dhibendum_--he e m _inhibeo_ occu 
f euenly in hi ene,
 below, _impe ioue inhibendo_. The

djecive _imminui_
lo efe  evidenly o _hono i
inignibu_.--_ oh._]
[Foonoe 141: The wo d
e, _uum e ipi invium conenu impe ium,
e pleb, uid p iv
i ju non ee voc
ndi en
um, non conveni e
p
 e ine p e
enu _, i. e. while, on he one h
nd, he decemvi 
hemelve
ccouned fo he 
ying
w
y of he en
o  f om he
meeing, by he f
c of hei (he decemvi ') gove nmen being dilied
by hem; whil, on he ohe h
nd, he common
ccouned fo he
non-
ppe

nce of he en
o  by he f
c, h
 being now me e p iv
e
ciizen, hei ime of office being p
ed, hey (he decemvi ) h
d no
igh wh
eve o convene he en
e.--_ oh._]
[Foonoe 142: The en
o  we e obliged o
end he meeing of he
en
e when convened by he m
gi
e; ohe wie
fine w
 impoed, o
inu e he p
ymen of which pledge we e ex
ced, which we e old in
c
e of non-p
ymen. ee Cice o de O
. iii. 1. Philip. i. 5.]
[Foonoe 143: In he o igin
l he wo d
e: _uod ii ui j
m
m
gi
u
bien, p iv
iue, i vi
bee_, &c., i. e. who
diffe ed in no ohe epec f om me e p iv
e ciizen, excep h

hey h
d ecou e o violence, which i w
 compeen fo he m
gi
e
only o do.]
39. Bu hey howed mo e obedience in coming ino he en
e h
n
e viliy in he enimen exp eed by hem,
 we h
ve le
ned. I
i eco ded h
,
fe Appiu' 
ing he ubjec of he meeing,
nd
befo e he opinion we e dem
nded in o de , Luciu V
le iu Poiu
excied
commoion, by dem
nding pe miion o exp e hi enimen
conce ning he 
e,
nd when he decemvi  we e p ohibiing him wih
h e
, decl
ing h
 he would p een himelf befo e he people. (We
h
ve
lo he
d) h
 M
cu Ho
iu B
b
u ene ed he li wih no
le boldne, c
lling hem "en T
uin,"
nd eminding hem, "h

unde he le
de hip of he V
le ii
nd Ho
ii[144] he ing h
d been
expelled. No w
 i of he me e n
me h
 men we e hen i ed, i being
h
 by which i w
 uu
l o yle Jupie ,
nd by which Romulu, he
founde of he ciy,
nd hi ucceo  we e
lo yled;
n
me oo
which h
 been e
ined even in he ce emonie of eligion,

olemn
one; h
 i w
 he y
nny
nd
og
nce of
ing hey hen deeed,
which if hey we e no o be ole
ed in one who w
 boh
ing

himelf
nd he on of
ing, who w
 o ole
e i in o m
ny p iv
e
ciizen? h
 hey hould bew
e le, by p evening pe on f om
pe
ing hei enimen f eely in he en
e, hey migh oblige hem
o
ie hei voice ouide he en
e-houe. No could he ee how i
w
 le
llow
ble fo him,
p iv
e ciizen, o ummon he people o

n
embly, h
n fo hem o convene he en
e. They migh  y,
wheneve hey ple
ed, how much mo e dee mined
ene of w ong will be
found o be in vindic
ing one' own libe y, h
n
mbiion in
(vindic
ing) uu ped domin
ion. Th
 hey p opoed he ueion
conce ning he 
bine w
,
 if he Rom
n people h
d
ny mo e impo 
n
w
on h
nd, h
n h

g
in hoe who, h
ving been eleced fo he
pu poe of f
ming l
w, h
d lef no l
w in he 
e; who h
d
bolihed
elecion,
nnu
l m
gi
e, he egul
ch
nge of ule , which w

he only me
n of eu
lizing libe y; who, hough p iv
e ciizen,
ill poe he f
ce
nd eg
l dominion. Th
 on he expulion of
he ing, p
 ici
n m
gi
e we e
ppoined,
nd ubeuenly,

fe he eceion of he people, plebei

n m
gi
e. To which p
y,
he
ed, did hey belong? To he popul
p
y? Wh
 h
d hey eve done
wih he concu ence of he people? we e hey noble? who fo now ne
ly

n eni e ye
h
ve no held
meeing of he en
e;
nd hen hold one
in uch
m
nne , h
 hey
cu
lly p even numbe  f om exp eing
hei enimen eg
ding he commonwe
lh; h
 hey hould no pl
ce
oo much hope in he fe
 of ohe ; h
 he g iev
nce which hey
e
uffe ing now
ppe
o men mo e opp eive h
n
ny hey m
y h
ve o

pp ehend."
[Foonoe 144: Livy' own
ccoun of he m
e doe no juify hi
cl
im of he Ho
ii o h
ving been
 he he
d of he evoluion which
b
nihed he ing. Bu Dionyiu of H
lic
n
u info m u h
 i
w
 M
cu Ho
iu who m
de he
my evol
g
in T
uiniu
upe bu,
nd h
 he 
me in hi econd conul
e ende ed un
v
iling

ll he effo  of Po enn

o eo e he T
uin.]
40. Whil Ho
iu w
 excl
iming in hi m
nne , "
nd he decemvi 
could no dicove
ny limi eihe o hei
nge o fo be

nce, no
could hey ee o wh
 he hing would come, C
iu Cl
udiu, who w

uncle o Appiu he decemvi , delive ed
n
dd e mo e lie en e
ie
h
n ep o
ch, beeeching him by he h
de of hi own b ohe
nd of hi
f
he , h
 he would hold in ecollecion he civil ociey in which he
h
d been bo n
he h
n he confede
cy nef
iouly ene ed ino wih
hi colle
gue; h
 he beough hi much mo e on Appiu' own
ccoun,
h
n fo he 
e of he commonwe
lh. Fo h
 he commonwe
lh would

e  i igh in pie of hem, if i could no ob

in hem wih
hei conen. Bu h
 f om g e
 cone g e

nimoiie
ie; he
eul of he l
e he d e
d." Though he decemvi  fo b
d hem o
pe
 on
ny ohe ubjec h
n h
 which hey h
d ubmied o hem,
hey fel oo much epec fo Cl
udiu o ine up him. He he efo e
concluded hi
dd e by moving h
 i w
 hei wih h
 no dec ee of
he en
e hould be p
ed. And
ll unde ood he m
e hu, h

hey we e judged by Cl
udiu o be p iv
e ciizen;
nd m
ny of he men
of conul

nding exp eed hei
en. Anohe me
u e p opoed,
mo e h
h in
ppe

nce, poeed much le effic
cy; one which
o de ed he p
 ici
n o
emble o elec
n ine ex; fo by p
ing

ny eoluion hey judged, h

 hoe pe on who convened he en
e
we e m
gi
e of ome ind o ohe , whil he pe on who
ecommended h
 no dec ee of he en
e hould be p
ed, h
d he eby
decl
ed hem p iv
e ciizen. When he c
ue of he decemvi  w
 now
ining, Luciu Co neliu M
lugineni, b ohe of M
cu Co neliu he
decemvi , h
ving been pu poely ee ved f om
mong he conul
men o
cloe he deb
e, by
ffecing
n
nxiey
bou he w
, defended hi

b ohe
nd hi colle
gue hu: 
ying, "he wonde ed by wh
 f

liy
i h
d occu ed, h
 hoe who h
d been c
ndid
e fo he decemvi
e,
hould

c he decemvi , eihe
 econd
ie,[145] o

p incip
l: o when no one dipued fo o m
ny monh whil he 
e
w
 dieng
ged, whehe leg
l m
gi
e h
d he m
n
gemen of
ff
i ,
why do hey now ow dico d, when he enemie
e ne
ly
 he g
e;
unle h
 in

e of confuion hey hin h
 wh
 hey
e
iming

 will be le een h ough." Bu h

 i w
 no ju h

ny one
hould p ejudice o impo 
n
c
ue, whil ou mind
e occupied
wih
mo e momenou conce n. I w
 hi opinion, h
 he poin which
V
le iu
nd Ho
iu u ged, viz. h
 he decemvi  h
d gone ou of
office befo e he ide of M
y, hould be dicued in he en
e, when
he w
 which
e now impending
e ove ,
nd he commonwe
lh h
 been
eo ed o 
nuilliy:
nd h
 Appiu Cl
udiu hould now p ep
e o

e noice h

n
ccoun i o be ende ed by him of he comii

which he himelf held fo elecing decemvi , whehe hey we e eleced

fo one ye
, o unil he l
w which we e w
ning we e
ified. I w

hi opinion h

ll ohe m
e  hould be l
id
ide fo he p een,
excep he w
;
nd if hey hough h
 he epo  eg
ding i we e
p op
g
ed wihou found
ion,
nd h
 no only he cou ie , bu he

mb

do  of he Tucul
n
lo h
d 
ed wh
 w
 f
le, he hough
h
 cou hould be dep
ched o b ing b
c mo e ce 
in info m
ion;
bu if c edi we e given boh o he cou ie 
nd he
mb

do , h

he levy hould be held
 he ve y e
lie oppo uniy; h
 he
decemvi  hould le
d he
mie, whihe i m
y eem p ope o e
ch;

nd h
 no ohe m
e hould 
e p ecedence.
[Foonoe 145: The o igin
l he e i
he obcu e. _Au ocii,
u hi
m
xime._ C evie p efe  o e
d _
u oli
u hi m
xime_.  oh
expl
in _ocii, e ocio p bendo_.]
41. The junio p
 ici
n ucceeded in h
ving hi opinion c
ied.
V
le iu
nd Ho
iu iing
g
in wih g e
e vehemence dem
nded

loud, "h
 i hould be
llowed hem o exp e hei enimen
conce ning he epublic; h
 hey would
dd e he people, if by

f
cion hey we e no
llowed o do o in he en
e. Fo h
 p iv
e
individu
l, eihe in he en
e o in
gene
l
embly, could no
p even hem; no would hey yield o hei im
gin
y f
ce." Appiu
hen conide ing h
 he c ii w
 now nigh
 h
nd, when hei

uho iy would be ove powe ed, unle hei violence we e eied wih
eu
l boldne: "I will be bee ," 
y he, "no o ue
wo d on

ny ubjec, excep h
 which we
e now conide ing:
nd o V
le iu,
when he efued o be ilen fo
p iv
e individu
l, he comm
nd

lico o p oceed." When V

le iu, on he h ehold of he en
e-houe,
now c
ved he p oecion of he ciizen, Luciu Co neliu, emb
cing
Appiu, pu
n end o he dipue, no conuling he ine e of him
whoe ine e he
ffeced o conul;
nd pe miion o pe
 hi
enimen being ob
ined fo V
le iu h ough Co neliu, when hi
libe y did no exend beyond wo d, he decemvi  ob
ined hei
objec. The conul

lo
nd enio membe , f om he h
 ed of
 ibunii
n powe ill
nling in hei boom, he dei e of which
hey conide ed w
 much mo e eenly fel by he common h
n h
 of
he conul
powe ,
lmo h
d
he h
 he decemvi  hemelve
hould volun
ily eign hei office
 ome fuu e pe iod, h
n h

he people hould ie once mo e ino coneuence h ough hei
unpopul
iy. If he m
e , conduced wih genlene, hould
g
in
eu n o he conul wihou popul
u bulence, h
 he common migh
be induced o fo ge hei  ibune, eihe by he ine venion of w

o by he mode
ion of he conul in exe ciing hei
uho iy. A
levy i p ocl
imed
mid he ilence of he p
 ici
n; he young men


nwe o hei n
me,
 he gove nmen w
 wihou
ppe
l. The legion
being en olled, he decemvi  e
bou

nging
mong hemelve who
hould e ou o he w
, who comm
nd he
mie. The le
ding men
mong
he decemvi  we e, Quinu F
biu
nd Appiu Cl
udiu. The e
ppe
ed

mo e e iou w

 home h
n
b o
d. They conide ed he violence of
Appiu
 bee uied o upp e commoion in he ciy; h
 F
biu
poeed
dipoiion
he incon
n in good pu ui h
n
 enuou in b
d one. Fo hi m
n, fo me ly diinguihed
 home
nd

b o
d, hi office of decemvi
nd hi colle
gue h
d o ch
nged, h

he choe
he o be lie o Appiu h
n lie himelf. To him he w

g
in he 
bine w
 commied, hi colle
gue, M
niu R
buleiu
nd
Quinu Peliu, being en wih him. M
cu Co neliu w
 en o
Algidum wih Luciu Menuciu
nd Tiu Anoniu,
nd Co Duiliu
nd
M
cu e giu: hey dee mine on pu iu Oppiu

n
i
n o
Appiu Cl
udiu o p oec he ciy, hei
uho iy being eu
l o h

of
ll he decemvi .
42. The epublic w
 m
n
ged wih no bee ucce in w
h
n
 home.
In hi he only f
ul in he gene
l w
, h
 hey h
d ende ed
hemelve objec of h
 ed o hei fellow ciizen: in ohe epec
he whole f
ul l
y wih he oldie ; who, le
ny ene p ie hould
ucceed unde he conduc
nd
upice of he decemvi , uffe ed
hemelve o be be
en, o hei own dig
ce,
nd h
 of hem (he
gene
l). Thei
mie we e oued by he 
bine
 E eum,
nd in
Algidum by he u
n. H
ving fled f om E eum du ing he ilence of he
nigh, hey fo ified hei c
mp ne
e o he ciy, on
n elev
ed
iu
ion beween Fiden
nd C uume i
; no whe e encoune ing he
enemy, who pu ued hem, on eu
l g ound, hey p oeced hemelve by
he n
u e of he pl
ce
nd

mp
, no by v
lou o
m. G e
e
dig
ce
nd g e
e lo we e u
ined in Algidum, hei c
mp
lo w

lo;
nd he oldie ,  ipped of
ll hei uenil, beoo
hemelve o Tuculum, dee mined o p ocu e he me
n of ubience
f om he good f
ih
nd comp
ion of hei ho; which, howeve , did
no di
ppoin hem. uch
l
ming
ccoun we e b ough o Rome, h

he p
 ici
n, h
ving l
id
ide hei h
 ed of he decemvi , p
ed

n o de h
 w
che hould be held in he ciy; comm
nded h

ll who
we e
ble by e
on of hei
ge o c
y
m, hould moun gu
d on
he w
ll,
nd fo m ou-po befo e he g
e; hey
lo voed
m o
be en o Tuculum, beide
einfo cemen; h
 he decemvi 
lo
hould come down f om he ci
del of Tuculum
nd eep hei  oop
enc
mped; h
 he ohe c
mp hould be emoved f om Fiden ino he

bine e io y;
nd h
 he enemy migh be dee ed, by hu


cing hem fi , f om ene 
ining
ny inenion of

cing he
ciy.
43. To he c
l
miie eceived f om he enemy, he decemvi 
dd wo
fl
giiou deed, one
b o
d,
nd he ohe in he ciy. In he 
bine
di ic, Luciu icciu, who, du ing he unpopul
iy of he
decemvi , in oduced, in ec e conve 
ion wih he common oldie ,
menion of elecing  ibune
nd of
eceion, w
 en fo w
d o
elec
pl
ce fo
c
mp: in ucion we e given o he oldie  whom
hey h
d en o
ccomp
ny him in h
 expediion, o

c him in

convenien pl
ce
nd l
y him. They did no ill him wih impuniy; fo
eve
l of he

in fell
ound him eiing hem, whil,
poeing g e
 pe on
l  engh
nd wih
cou
ge eu
l o h

 engh, he w
 defending himelf
g
in hem, now u ounded
 he
w
. The e b ing
n
ccoun ino he c
mp h
 icciu, when fighing
b
vely, h
d f
llen ino
n
mbuh,
nd h
 ome oldie  we e lo
wih him. A fi  he n

o  we e believed;
fe w
d
coho ,
which wen by pe miion of he decemvi  o bu y hoe who h
d f
llen,

when hey obe ved h

 none of he bodie he e we e  ipped, h

icciu l
y in he middle wih hi
m,
ll he bodie being u ned
ow
d him, whil he e w
 neihe
ny body of he enemy, no even

ny 
ce of hem
 going
w
y; hey b ough b
c hi body, 
ying,
h
 he h
d ce 
inly been l
in by hi own men. The c
mp w
 now filled
wih indign
ion,
nd i w
 being dee mined h
 icciu hould be
fo hwih b ough o Rome, h
d no he decemvi  h
ened o pe fo m

mili
y fune
l fo him
 he public expene. He w
 bu ied
mid he
g e
 g ief of he oldie y,
nd wih he wo  poible epu
ion of
he decemvi 
mong he common people.
44. Anohe
 ociou deed follow in he ciy, o igin
ing in lu,

ended wih eul no le 

gic
l h
n h
 deed which d ove he
T
uin f om he ciy
nd he h one h ough he inju ed ch
iy
nd
violen de
h of Luc ei
: o h
 he decemvi  no only h
d he 
me
end
 he ing h
d, bu he 
me c
ue
lo of loing hei powe .
Appiu Cl
udiu w
 eized wih
c imin
l p
ion fo viol
ing he
pe on of
young wom
n of plebei
n condiion. Luciu Vi giniu, he
gi l' f
he , held
n honou
ble
n
mong he cenu ion
 Algidum,

m
n of exempl
y good conduc boh
 home
nd in he e vice. Hi
wife h
d been educ
ed in
imil
m
nne ,

lo we e hei child en.
He h
d be ohed hi d
ughe o Luciu Iciliu, who h
d been
 ibune,

m
n of pi i
nd of
pp oved ze
l in he ine e of he people. Thi
young wom
n, in he bloom of youh, diinguihed fo be
uy, Appiu,
bu ning wih dei e,
emped o educe by b ibe
nd p omie;
nd
when he pe ceived h

ll he
venue (o he poeion of he ) we e
b
ed by modey, he u ned hi hough o c uel
nd y
nnic
l
violence. He in uced
dependen of hi, M
cu Cl
udiu, o cl
im
he gi l
 hi l
ve,
nd no o yield o hoe who migh dem
nd he
ine im eenion of libe y; conide ing h
, bec
ue he gi l'
f
he w

ben, he e w

n oppo uniy fo commiing he inju y.
The ool of he decemvi ' lu l
id h
nd on he gi l
 he w
 coming
ino he fo um (fo he e in he hed he lie
y chool we e held);
c
lling he "he d
ughe of hi l
ve
nd
l
ve he elf," he
comm
nded he o follow him; h
 he would fo ce he
w
y if he
demu ed. The gi l being upified wih e o ,
c owd collec
 he
c ie of he gi l' nu e, who beough he p oecion of he ciizen.
The popul
n
me of he f
he , Vi giniu,
nd of he poue, Iciliu,

e in he mouh of eve y one. Thei eg

d fo hem g
in ove hei

cu
in
nce, whil he heinoune of he p oceeding g
in ove he
c owd. he w
 now 
fe f om violence, when he cl
im
n 
y, "h

he e w
 no occ
ion fo
iing
mob; h
 he w
 p oceeding by l
w,
no by fo ce." He cie he gi l ino cou . Thoe who ood by he

dviing he o follow him, hey now e

ched he  ibun
l of Appiu. The
cl
im
n ehe
e he f
ce well nown o he judge,
 being he

uho of he plo, "h


gi l bo n in hi houe,
nd cl
ndeinely

nfe ed f om hence o he houe of Vi giniu, h
d been f
he ed on
he l
e ." Th
 he 
ed
hing
ce 
ined by ce 
in evidence,
nd
would p ove i o he 
if
cion even of Vi giniu himelf, whom he
p incip
l po ion of h
 lo would conce n. Th
 i w
 bu ju h

in he ine im he gi l hould
ccomp
ny he m
e . The
dvoc
e fo
Vi gini
,
fe hey h
d u ged h
 Vi giniu w

ben on buine of
he 
e, h
 he would be he e in wo d
y if wo d we e en o him,
h
 i w
 unf
i h
 in hi
bence he hould un
ny i eg
ding
hi child en, dem
nd h
 he
djou n he whole m
e ill he
iv
l
of he f
he ; h
 he hould
llow he cl
im fo he ine im libe y

cco ding o he l

w p
ed by himelf,
nd no
llow
m
iden of ipe

ge o encoune he i of he epu

ion befo e h
 of he libe y.
45. Appiu p ef
ced hi dec ee by obe ving h
 he ve y l
w, which

Vi giniu' f iend we e puing fo w

d
 he g ound of hei dem
nd,
cle
ly howed how much he f
vou ed libe y. Bu h
 libe y would find
ecu e p oecion in i on hi condiion, h
 i v
ied[146] neihe
wih epec o c
e o pe on.[147] Fo wih epec o hoe
individu
l who we e cl
imed
 f ee, h
 poin of l
w w
 good,
bec
ue[148]
ny pe on m
y p oceed by l
w (
nd
c fo hem); wih
epec o he who i in he h
nd of he f
he , h
 he e w
 no
ohe pe on (h
n he f
he ) o whom he m
e need elinuih hi
igh of poeion. Th
 i w
 hi dee min
ion, he efo e, h
 he
f
he hould be en fo : in he me
n ime, h
 he cl
im
n hould
uffe no lo of hi igh, bu h
 he hould c
y off he gi l wih
him,
nd p omie h
 he hould be p oduced on he
iv
l of him who
w
 c
lled he f
he . When m
ny
he mu mu ed
g
in he injuice
of hi deciion h
n
ny one individu
l venu ed o p oe
g
in i,
he gi l' uncle, Publiu Numio iu,
nd he be ohed poue, Iciliu,
ju come in;
nd w
y being m
de h ough he c owd, he muliude
hining h
 Appiu migh be mo effecu
lly eied by he
ine venion of Iciliu, he lico decl
e h
 "he h
d decided he
m
e ,"
nd emove Iciliu, when he
emped o
ie hi voice.
Injuice o
 ociou would h
ve fi ed even
cool empe . "By he
wo d, Appiu," 
y he, "I mu be emoved hence, h
 you m
y c
y
off in ilence h
 which you wih o be conce
led. Thi young wom
n I

m
bou o m
y, dee mined o h
ve
l
wful
nd ch
e wife.
Whe efo e c
ll ogehe
ll he lico  even of you colle
gue; o de
he od
nd
xe o be h
d in e
dine; he be ohed wife of Iciliu
h
ll no em
in wihou he f
he ' houe. Though you h
ve 
en f om
u he
id of ou  ibune,
nd he powe of
ppe
l o he common of
Rome, he wo bulw
 fo m
in
ining ou libe y,
bolue dominion
h
 no he efo e been given o you ove ou wive
nd child en. Ven
you fu y on ou b
c
nd nec; le ch
iy
 le
 be ecu e. If
violence be offe ed o he , I h
ll implo e he p oecion of he
ciizen he e p een in beh
lf of my poue; Vi giniu will implo e
h
 of he oldie  in beh
lf of hi only d
ughe ; we h
ll
ll
implo e he p oecion of god
nd men, no h
ll you c
y h

enence ino effec wihou ou blood. I dem
nd of you, Appiu,
conide
g
in
nd
g
in o wh
 lengh you
e p oceeding. Le
Vi giniu, when he come, conide wh
 conduc he hould pu ue wih
epec o hi d
ughe . Le him only be
u ed of hi, h
 if he
yield o he cl
im of hi m
n, he will h
ve o ee ou
nohe m
ch
fo hi d
ughe . A fo my p
, in vindic
ing he libe y of my
poue, life h
ll le
ve me oone h
n my honou ."
[Foonoe 146: Appiu he e con
 wo cl
e of pe on, one
coniing of individu
l, who
e in hei own powe ; he ohe , of
hoe who
e no _ui ju i_, bu
e unde he con ol eihe of

p
en, o ome ohe pe on. If he ueion
ie conce ning
pe on
who i _ui ju i_, whehe he i o be conigned o l
ve y, o o be
eo ed o libe y, hen "_id ju i ee_," c. h
 he em
in f ee
ill he deciion i m
de, _bec
ue
ny pe on_,
 being _homo ui
ju i_,
nd coneuenly he himelf, "m
y p oceed by l
w;" bu he 
y,
h
 hi doe no hold good wih epec o
pe on who i no _ui
ju i_, bu i in he h
nd of ohe ; uch
pe on, he 
y, c
nno be
p onounced f ee, bu mu be ubjec o he powe , eihe of he p
en
o m
e , o h
 no inju y be done o eihe . Whe efo e, ince he
gi l i no _ui ju i_, he mu be in he powe , eihe of Vi giniu,
who 
y he i he f
he , o of Cl
udiu, who 
y he i he m
e .
Bu ince Vi giniu i no p een, h
 he c
n be in he powe of no
one bu Cl
udiu, unil Vi giniu
ive.
I c
nno ei he emp
ion of giving in full M . Gunn' noe on he

p

ge,
 found in hi ve y ne
 ediion of ou
uho .
"Appiu fo hi own pu poe, in ine p eing hi own l
w, in oduce

diincion bewix hoe who we e _ui ju i_, eni ely f ee,

nd hoe
who we e ubjec o he _p
 i
poe
_. The l
w,
cco ding o him,
c
n
pply only o he fo me , bec
ue in hem only i he e
 ue cl
im
fo libe y,
nd in hem only could
judge give
n ine im deciion
_ecundum libe 
em_. To give uch
deciion in f
vou of Vi gini
,
would be
_v
i
io pe on
um_; i would be in oducing
 eniled o
he benefi of he l
w
cl
 of pe on, who we e, even
cco ding o
hei own 
emen, no eniled o _vindici ecundum libe 
em_.
Beide,
nd mo impo 
n of
ll, he l
w could
c in he fo me ,


ny ciizen w
 eniled o ple
d he c
ue of one p eumpively f ee.
Bu in hi c
e no one could ple
d, bu eihe he f
he
 m
e on
he one h
nd, o he
lleged m
e on he ohe :
 he f
he w
 no
p een, coneuenly no one h
d
ny leg
l cl
im o u ge he l
w."]
[Foonoe 147: _i nec c
ui nec pe oni v
ie._ c. lex v
ie. ome
unde 
nd _libe 
_
 he nomin
ive o v
ie.]
[Foonoe 148: _Bec
ue
ny pe on_. "A he l
w pe mi
ny 
nge 
o ine poe in vindic
ing
n individu
l' libe y, hey h
ve
n
undoubed igh o o do. Bu he ueion i no whehe hi m
iden i
f ee: h
 he c
nno be in
ny c
e; fo he belong eihe o he
f
he o he m
e . Now
 he f
he i no p een o 
e ch
ge of
he , no one he e bu he m
e c
n h
ve
ny ile o he ." Appiu

gue h
 he could no p onounce in f
vou of he empo
y libe y,
wihou p ejudice o he f
he ' igh
nd powe ove he :
 he e w

no one p een, who cl
imed
leg
l igh o he poeion of he bu
M. Cl
udiu, he judge h
d no
le n
ive bu o
w
d he du ing he
ine im o hi 
fe eeping.--_oce ._]
46. The muliude w
 now excied,
nd
cone eemed liely o enue.
The lico  h
d 
en hei 
nd
ound Iciliu; no did hey, howeve ,
p oceed beyond h e
, when Appiu 
id, "h
 i w
 no Vi gini
h

w
 defended by Iciliu, bu h
, being
ele m
n,
nd even now
b e
hing he pi i of he  ibunehip, he w
 eeing
n occ
ion fo

diu b
nce. Th
 he would no
ffo d him m
e i
l on h
 d
y; bu in
o de h
 he m
y now now h
 he conceion h
 been m
de no o hi
peul
nce, bu o he
ben Vi giniu, o he n
me of f
he
nd o
libe y, h
 he would no decide he c
ue on h
 d
y, no ine poe

dec ee: h
 he would eue of M
cu Cl
udiu o fo ego omewh
 of
hi igh,
nd uffe he gi l o be b
iled ill he nex d
y. Bu
unle he f
he
ended on he following d
y, he g
ve noice o
Iciliu
nd o men lie Iciliu, h
 neihe he founde would be
w
ning o hi own l
w, no fi mne o he decemvi ; no would he

emble he lico  of hi colle

gue o pu down he p omoe  of
ediion; h
 he would be conen wih hi own lico ." When he ime
of hi
c of injuice w
 defe ed,
nd he f iend of he m
iden h
d
ei ed, i w
 fi  of
ll dee mined, h
 he b ohe of Iciliu
nd
he on of Numio iu, boh
cive young men, hould p oceed hence

ighfo w
d o he g
e,
nd h
 Vi giniu hould be b ough f om
he c
mp wih
ll poible h
e. Th
 he 
fey of he gi l depended
on hi being p een nex d
y
 he p ope ime,
 he p oeco f om
inju y. They p oceed
cco ding o di ecion
nd wih
ll peed c
y
he
ccoun o he f
he . When he cl
im
n of he m
iden w
 p eing
Iciliu o become defend
n,
nd give u eie,[149]
nd Iciliu 
id
h
 h
 w
 he ve y hing he w
 doing, deignedly pinning ou he
ime, unil he meenge  en o he c
mp migh g
in ime fo hei
jou ney, he muliude
ied hei h
nd on
ll ide,
nd eve y one

howed himelf e

dy o go u ey fo Iciliu. And he wih e
 in hi
eye 
y, I i ve y ind of you; on o-mo ow I will
v
il myelf of
you
i
nce;
 p een I h
ve ufficien u eie. Thu Vi gini
i
b
iled on he ecu iy of he el
ion. Appiu h
ving del
yed
ho 
ime, h
 he migh no
ppe
o h
ve 
 on
ccoun of he p een
c
e, when no one
pplied,
ll ohe conce n being given up by e
on
of hei oliciude
bou he one, beoo himelf home,
nd w ie o
hi colle
gue o he c
mp, "no o g
n le
ve of
bence o Vi giniu,

nd even o eep him in confinemen." Thi wiced cheme w

 l
e,
 i
dee ved o be; fo Vi giniu, h
ving
l e
dy ob
ined hi le
ve, h
d
e ou
 he fi  w
ch, while he lee eg
ding hi deenion w

delive ed on he following mo ning o no pu poe.
[Foonoe 149: _u eie_--pono e. The p elimin
y b
il.]
47. Bu in he ciy, when he ciizen we e 
nding in he fo um e ec
wih expec
ion, Vi giniu, cl
d in mou ning, by b e
 of d
y conduc
hi d
ughe ,
lo
i ed in weed,
ended by ome m
 on, ino he
fo um, wih
conide
ble body of
dvoc
e. He hen beg
n o go ound

nd o olici individu
l;
nd no only o en e
 hei
id

boon
o hi p
ye , bu dem
nded i
 due o him: "h
 he ood d
ily in
he field of b
le in defence of hei child en
nd wive, no w

he e
ny ohe m
n, o whom
g e
e numbe of b
ve
nd in epid
deed in w
c
n be
c ibed h
n o him. Wh

v
iled i, if, whil
he ciy w
 ill ecu e, hei child en would be expoed o uffe he
eve e h
dhip which would h
ve o be d e
ded if i w
 
en?"
Delive ing hee obe v
ion lie one h

nguing in
n
embly, he
olicied hem individu
lly. imil

gumen we e ued by Iciliu: he
fem
le
end
n p oduced mo e effec by hei ilen e
 h
n
ny
l
ngu
ge. Wih
mind ue ly inenible o
ll hi, (uch,
p
oxym
of m
dne,
he h
n of love, h
d pe ve ed hi mind,) Appiu

cended he  ibun

l;
nd when he cl
im
n beg
n o compl
in b iefly,
h
 juice h
d no been
dminie ed o him on he p eceding d
y
h ough
dei e o ple
e he people, befo e eihe he could go h ough
wih hi cl
im, o
n oppo uniy of eply w

ffo ded o Vi giniu,
Appiu ine up him. The p e
mble wih which he p ef
ced he enence,

ncien
uho  m
y h
ve h
nded down pe h
p wih  uh; bec
ue I no
whe e find
ny one h
 w
 liely (o h
ve been ued) on o c
nd
lou

buine, i eem, h
 he n
ed f
c hould be 
ed
 being

poin which i
g eed on, viz. h
 he p
ed
enence[150] conigning
he o l
ve y. A fi 
ll we e
ounded wih
m
zemen
 o
heinou
p oceeding; hen ilence p ev
iled fo ome ime. Then when
M
cu Cl
udiu p oceeded o eize he m
iden, he m
 on 
nding

ound he ,
nd w
 eceived wih pieou l
men
ion of he women,
Vi giniu, men
cingly exending hi h
nd ow
d Appiu, 
y, To
Iciliu,
nd no o you, Appiu, h
ve I be ohed my d
ughe ,
nd fo
m
 imony, no p oiuion, h
ve I b ough he up. Do you wih men o
g
ify hei lu p omicuouly, lie c
le
nd wild be
? Whehe
hee pe on will endu e uch hing, I now no; I hope h
 hoe
will no who h
ve
m in hei h
nd. When he cl
im
n of he gi l w

epuled by he c owd of women
nd
dvoc
e who we e 
nding
ound
he , ilence w
 comm
nded by he c ie .
[Foonoe 150: _He p
ed
enence_, &c. In he o igin
l i i,
"dec ee vindici
 ecundum e viuem." Thi deciion el
e o he
definiive b
il. Appiu he d
y befo e h
d m
de up hi mind o hi
deciion. He h
d c
lcul
ed, howeve , on he non-
ppe

nce of he
f
he ; ye did no now chooe o be foiled by hi unexpeced
p eence.--_oce ._]

48. The decemvi , eng oed in mind by hi luful p openiie, 

e
h
 no only f om he
buive l
ngu
ge of Iciliu yee d
y,
nd he
violence of Vi giniu, of which he h
d he eni e Rom
n people

winee, bu f om
uhenic info m
ion
lo he
ce 
ined, h

c
b
l we e held in he ciy du ing he whole nigh o i up

ediion. Acco dingly h

 he, being
w
e of h
 d
nge , h
d come down
wih
med oldie ; no h
 he would mole
ny pe
ce
ble pe on, bu
in o de o punih ui
bly o he m
jey of he gove nmen pe on
diu bing he 
nuilliy of he 
e. I will, he efo e, be bee
o em
in uie. Go, lico , 
y he, emove he c owd;
nd m
e w
y fo
he m
e o l
y hold of hi l
ve. When, bu ing wih p
ion, he h
d
hunde ed ou hee wo d, he muliude hemelve volun
ily
ep

ed,
nd he gi l ood dee ed
p ey o injuice. Then
Vi giniu, when he 
w no
id
ny whe e, 
y, I beg you, Appiu, fi 
p
don
f
he ' g ief, if I h
ve 
id
ny hing oo h
h
g
in you:
in he nex pl
ce, uffe me o ueion he nu e befo e he m
iden,
wh

ll hi m
e i? h
 if I h
ve been f
lely c
lled he f
he ,
I m
y dep
 hence wih
mo e eigned mind. Pe miion being g
ned,
he d
w he gi l
nd he nu e
ide o he hed ne
he emple of
Clo
cin
, which now go by he n
me of he new hed:
nd he e n
ching
up
nife f om
buche , "In hi one w
y, he only one in my powe ,
do I ecu e o you you libe y." He hen 
nfixe he gi l' b e
,

nd looing b
c ow
d he  ibun
l, he 
y, "Wih hi blood I
devoe hee, Appiu,
nd hy he
d." Appiu,
oued by he c y
ied

o d e
dful
deed, o de  Vi giniu o be eized. He,
med wih he
nife, cle
ed he w
y whihe oeve he wen, unil, p oeced by he
c owd of pe on
ending him, he e
ched he g
e. Iciliu
nd
Numio iu 
e up he lifele body
nd exhibi i o he people: hey
deplo e he vill
ny of Appiu, he f

l be
uy of he m
iden,
nd he
di e neceiy of he f
he . The m
 on who followed excl
im, "W

hi he condiion of e
ing child en? we e hee he ew
d of
ch
iy?"
nd ohe hing which fem
le g ief on uch occ
ion
ugge, when hei compl
in
e o much he mo e
ffecing, in
p opo ion
 (hei g ief) i mo e inene f om he n
u
l ende ne
of hei mind. The voice of he men,
nd mo e epeci
lly of Iciliu,
eni ely u ned on he  ibunii
n powe , on he igh of
ppe
l o he
people which h
d been 
en f om hem,
nd on he indigniie h own
upon he 
e.
49. The muliude w
 excied p
ly by he
 ociou n
u e of he
deed, p
ly by he hope of ecove ing hei libe y h ough

f
vou
ble oppo uniy. Appiu now o de  Iciliu o be ummoned befo e
him, now on efuing o come o be eized;
 lengh, when
n
oppo uniy of
pp o
ching him w
 no
ffo ded o he be
dle, he
himelf p oceeding h ough he c owd wih
body of young p
 ici
n,
o de  him o be 
en ino confinemen. Now no only he muliude, bu
Luciu V
le iu
nd M
cu Ho
iu, he le
de  of he muliude, ood

ound Iciliu: who, h

ving epuled he lico , 
ed, h
 "if he
me
n o p oceed by l
w, hey would p oec Iciliu f om one who w
 bu

p iv
e ciizen; if he dei ed o employ fo ce, h
 hey would be no
b
d m
ch fo him even hen." Hence
ie
fu iou cuffle. The
decemvi ' lico

c V
le iu
nd Ho
iu: he f
ce
e b oen
by he people. Appiu
cend he  ibun
l; Ho
iu
nd V
le iu follow
him. To hem he
embly p
y
enion, hey d own wih cl
mou he
voice of he decemvi . Now V
le iu
uho i
ively o de ed he lico 
o dep
 f om one who w
 bu
p iv
e ciizen: when Appiu, whoe
pi i we e now b oen, being
l
med fo hi life, beoo himelf ino

houe in he viciniy of he fo um, unnown o hi enemie, wih hi

he
d cove ed up. pu iu Oppiu, in o de o
i hi colle
gue,
uhe ino he fo um f om he oppoie ide; he ee hei
uho iy

ove powe ed by fo ce. Di

ced hen by v
iou counel beween which
he w
ve ed, by
ening o eve
l
dvie  f om eve y ide, he
evenu
lly o de ed he en
e o be convened. Bec
ue he p oceeding of
he decemvi  eemed o be diple
ing o he g e
e po ion of he
p
 ici
n, hi ep uieed he people wih he hope h
 he
gove nmen would be
bolihed h ough he en
e. The en
e g
ve hei
opinion h
 neihe he common hould be ex
pe
ed,
nd much mo e
h
 c
e hould be 
en h
 he
iv
l of Vi giniu hould no
occ
ion
ny commoion in he
my.
50. Acco dingly ome of he junio p
 ici
n, being en o he c
mp
which w

 h
 ime on Moun Veciliu,
nnounce o he decemvi 
"h
 by eve y me
n in hei powe hey hould eep he oldie  f om
muinying." Whe e Vi giniu occ
ioned g e
e commoion h
n he h
d
lef behind him in he ciy. Fo beide h
 he w
 een coming wih

body of ne
fou hund ed men, who, fi ed
 he heinou eno miy of he
occu ence, h
d
ccomp
nied him f om he ciy; he unhe
hed we
pon
nd
himelf beme
ed wih blood,

ced o him he eni e c
mp;
nd he
gown[151] een in he diffe en p
 of he c
mp, h
d c
ued he
numbe of people f om he ciy o
ppe
much g e
e h
n i e
lly
w
. When hey
ed him wh
 w
 he m
e , in coneuence of hi
weeping he ue ed no
wo d. A lengh,
 oon
 he c owd of hoe
unning ogehe bec
me ill,
nd ilence oo pl
ce, he el
ed eve y
hing in o de
 i occu ed. Then exending hi h
nd ow
d he
ven,

dd eing hi fellow oldie , he begged of hem, "no o impue o him

h
 which w
 he c ime of Appiu, no o
bho him
 he mu de e of
hi child en." To him he life of hi d
ughe w
 de
e h
n hi own,
if he h
d been
llowed o live in f eedom
nd ch
iy. When he beheld
he d
gged o p oiuion
 if
l
ve, hining i bee h
 hi
child hould be lo by de
h h
n by dihonou , h ough comp
ion fo
he he fell ino
n
ppe

nce of c uely. No would he h
ve u vived
hi d
ughe , h
d he no pl
ced hope of
venging he de
h in he
id of
hi fellow oldie . Fo h
 hey oo h
d d
ughe , ie ,
nd
wive; no w
 he lu of Appiu Cl
udiu exinguihed wih hi
d
ughe ; bu in p opo ion
 i ec
ped wih impuniy, o much he
mo e unb idled would i be. Th
 in he c
l
miie of ohe 
w
ning
w
 given o hem o gu
d
g
in
imil
inju y. Th
 fo hi own
p
, hi wife h
d been 
en f om him by f
e; hi d
ughe , bec
ue
he no longe could live in ch
iy, died
n unfo un
e bu honou
ble
de
h; h
 he e w
 no longe in hi houe
n oppo uniy fo Appiu'
lu; h
 f om
ny ohe violence of hi he would defend hi pe on
wih he 
me pi i wih which he vindic
ed h
 of hi d
ughe . Th

ohe  hould 
e c
e of hemelve
nd of hei child en. To
Vi giniu, ue ing hee wo d in
loud voice, he muliude eponded
wih
hou, "h
 hey would no be b
cw
d, wih epec eihe o
hi w ong o hei own libe y. And he gown-men mixing wih he c owd
of oldie , boh by n

ing wih o ow hoe 
me ci cum
nce,
nd
by howing how much mo e hocing hey mu h
ve
ppe
ed when een h
n
when me ely he
d,
nd
lo by elling hem h
 m
e  we e now
depe
e
 Rome; hoe
lo who followed (he pe on h

ccomp
nied
Vi giniu f om Rome)
nd
lleged h
 Appiu, h
ving wih difficuly
ec
ped wih life, h
d gone ino exile;[152]
ll hee individu
l o
f
influenced hem h
 he e w

gene
l c y o
m, hey n
ched
up hei 
nd
d,
nd e ou fo Rome." The decemvi , being
l
med

 he 
me ime boh by wh
 hey now 
w,
 well
 by hoe hing
which hey h
d he
d h
d 
en pl
ce
 Rome,
n
bou o diffe en
p
 of he c
mp o uell he commoion. Whil hey p oceeded wih
mildne no
nwe w
 eu ned o hem. If
ny of hem
emped o
exe 
uho iy ove hem, he
nwe given w
, h
 "hey we e men
nd
h
d
m." They go in
body o he ciy
nd po hemelve on he

Avenine; encou
ging he common,
cco ding
 e
ch pe on me hem, o
e
ume hei libe y,
nd elec  ibune of he people; no ohe
violen exp eion w
 he
d. pu iu Oppiu hold
meeing of he
en
e; i i eolved h
 no h
h p oceeding hould be
doped,

occ
ion fo he ediion h
d been given by hemelve. Th ee men of
conul

n, pu iu T
peiu, C
iu Juliu, Publiu ulpiciu,
e
en

mb

do , o inui e, in he n
me of he en
e, by whoe
o de  hey h
d dee ed he c
mp? o wh
 hey inended in poing
hemelve on he Avenine in
m,
nd in u ning
w
y hei
m f om
he enemy
nd 
ing hei own coun y? They we e
 no lo fo
n

nwe ; hey w
ned ome one o give he
nwe , he e being
 ye no
ce 
in le
de ,
nd individu
l no being fo w
d enough o expoe
hemelve o he invidiou office. The muliude only c
lled ou wih
one voice, h
 hey hould end Luciu V
le iu
nd M
cu Ho
iu o
hem: h
 o hem hey would give hei
nwe .
[Foonoe 151: The d e of he ciizen.]
[Foonoe 152: Two cl
e of pe on
e he e inended: 1. Thoe who

ccomp
nied Vi giniu ino he c
mp. 2. Ohe  who followed hem
ubeuenly.]
51. The
mb

do  being dimied, Vi giniu emind he oldie 
"h

lile ime befo e hey h
d been emb

ed in
m
e of no
ve y g e
 difficuly, bec
ue he muliude w
 wihou
he
d;
nd
h
 he
nwe given, hough no inexpedien, w
 he eul
he of

n
cciden
l concu ence h
n of
conce ed pl
n. Hi opinion w
,
h
 en pe on be eleced, who hould p eide in he m
n
gemen of
hei
ff
i ,
nd, in he yle of mili
y digniy, h
 hey hould
be c
lled  ibune of he oldie ." When h
 honou w
 offe ed o
himelf in he fi  in
nce, he eplied, "Ree ve fo
n occ
ion mo e
f
vou
ble o you
nd o me hoe you ind opinion of me. My d
ughe
being un
venged, neihe
llow
ny honou o be 
if
co y o me, no
in he diu bed 
e of hing i i ueful h
 hoe hould be

you he
d who
e mo obnoxiou o p
y m
lice. If he e will be
ny
ue of me, uch ue will be de ived no in
le deg ee f om me in

p iv
e 
ion." They hen elec mili
y  ibune en in numbe . No
w
 he
my
mong he 
bine in
cive. The e
lo,
 he in
nce of
Iciliu
nd Numio iu,
eceion f om he decemvi  oo pl
ce, he
commoion of men' mind on ecollecing he mu de of icciu being no
le h
n h
, which he ecen
ccoun of he b
b
ou
emp m
de
on he m
iden o g
ify lu h
d enindled. When Iciliu he
d h

 ibune of he oldie  we e eleced on Moun Avenine, le he
elecion-
embly in he ciy migh follow he p eceden of he mili
y

embly, by elecing he 

me pe on  ibune of he common, being
well ve ed in popul
in igue
nd h
ving
n eye o h
 office, he

lo 
e c
e, befo e hey p oceeded o he ciy, h
 he 
me numbe
be eleced by hi own p
y wih
n eu
l powe . They ene ed he ciy
h ough he Colline g
e in mili
y

y,
nd p oceeded in
body o
he Avenine h ough he middle of he ciy. The e, joined o he ohe

my, hey commiioned he weny  ibune of he oldie  o elec
wo ou of hei numbe , who hould hold he comm
nd in chief. They
chooe M
cu Oppiu
nd exu M
niliu. The p
 ici
n,
l
med fo
he gene
l 
fey, hough he e w

meeing eve y d
y, w
e he ime
in w
ngling mo e f euenly h
n in delibe
ion. The mu de of
icciu, he lu of Appiu,
nd he dig
ce incu ed in w
we e
u ged
 ch
ge
g
in he decemvi . I w
 eolved h
 V
le iu

nd Ho
iu hould p oceed o he Avenine. They efued o go on
ny
ohe condiion, h
n h
 he decemvi  hould l
y down he b
dge of
h
 office, which h
d expi ed he ye
befo e. The decemvi ,

compl
ining h
 hey we e now being deg
ded, 
ed h
 hey would
no eign hei office, unil hoe l
w we e p
ed on
ccoun of
which hey h
d been
ppoined.
52. The people being info med h ough M
cu Duiliu, who h
d been
 ibune of he people, h
 by e
on of hei coninu
l conenion no
buine w
 
n
ced, p
e f om he Avenine o he 
c ed moun;
Duiliu
ffi ming h
 e iou conce n fo buine would no ene he
mind of he p
 ici
n, unil hey 
w he ciy dee ed. Th
 he

c ed moun would emind hem of he people' fi mne; h
 hey would
hen now, h
 m
e  could no be eo ed o conco d wihou he
eo
ion of (he  ibunii
n) powe . H
ving e ou
long he
Nomen
n w
y, which w
 hen c
lled he Ficulne
n, hey piched hei
c
mp on he 
c ed moun, imi
ing he mode
ion of hei f
he  by
commiing no violence. The common followed he
my, no one whoe
ge
would pe mi him declining o go. Thei wive
nd child en
ended
hei ep, pieouly
ing o whom would hey le
ve hem, in
ciy
in which neihe ch
iy no libe y we e epeced? When he unuu
l
oliude ende ed eve y pl
ce in Rome void; when he e w
 in he fo um
no one bu
few old men; when, he p
 ici
n being convened ino he
en
e, he fo um
ppe
ed dee ed; mo e now beide Ho
iu
nd
V
le iu beg
n o excl
im, "Wh
 will ye now w
i fo , conc ip
f
he ? If he decemvi  do no pu
n end o hei obin
cy, will ye
uffe
ll hing o go o w ec
nd uin? Wh
 powe i h
,
decemvi , which ye emb
ce
nd hold o fi mly? do you me
n o

dminie juice o w
ll
nd me e houe? A e you no
h
med h

n

lmo g e
e numbe of you lico  i o be een in he fo um h
n of
he ohe ciizen? Wh

e ye o do, in c
e he enemy hould
pp o
ch
he ciy? Wh
, if he common hould come p eenly in
m, if we eem
no o be moved by hei eceion? do you me
n o conclude you powe
by he f
ll of he ciy? Bu (he c
e i hi,) eihe we mu no h
ve
he common, o hey mu h
ve hei  ibune. We would oone dipene
wih ou p
 ici
n m
gi
e, h
n hey wih hei plebei
n. Th

powe , when new
nd un ied, hey w eed f om ou f
he ; much le
will hey, now h
 hey h
ve eed he wee of i, endu e i lo:
mo e epeci
lly ince we m
e no
mode
e ue of ou powe , o h

hey m
y no 
nd in need of ( ibunii
n)
id." When hee
gumen
we e h own ou f om eve y u
e , he decemvi , ove powe ed by he
unied opinion of
ll, decl
e h
, ince uch eem o be he
feeling, hey would ubmi o he
uho iy of he p
 ici
n. All hey

 i, h
 hey m
y be p oeced f om popul

ge; hey give

w
ning, h
 hey hould no h ough hedding hei blood h
biu
e he
people o inflic punihmen on he p
 ici
n.
53. Then V
le iu
nd Ho
iu, h
ving been en o b ing b
c he
people on uch e m
 migh eem fi,
nd o
dju
ll diffe ence,

e di eced o m
e p oviion
lo fo he decemvi  f om he
eenmen
nd violence of he muliude. They e fo w
d
nd
e
eceived ino he c
mp wih g e
 joy by he people,
 being hei
libe
o  beyond
ll doub, boh
 he commencemen of he diu b
nce

nd
 he e min
ion of he m
e . In conide
ion of hee hing,
h
n we e eu ned o hem on hei
iv
l. Iciliu pe
 in he
n
me of he people. When he e m c
me o be conide ed, he

mb

do  inui ing wh
 we e he dem
nd of he people, he 
me
individu
l, h
ving
l e
dy conce ed he pl
n befo e he
iv
l of he

mb

do , 
ed dem
nd of uch
n
u e, h
 i bec
me eviden,
h
 mo e hope w
 pl
ced in he juice of hei c
e h
n in
m. Fo
hey dem
nded b
c he  ibunii
n office
nd he igh of
ppe
l,
which, befo e he
ppoinmen of decemvi , h
d been he p op of he
people,
nd h
 i hould no be viied wih inju y o
ny one, o

h
ve inig
ed he oldie  o he common o ee b
c hei libe y
by
eceion. Conce ning he punihmen only of he decemvi  w

hei dem
nd immode
e; fo hey hough i bu ju h
 hey hould
be delive ed up o hem;
nd hey h e
ened h
 hey would bu n hem

live. In
nwe he
mb

do  
y, he dem
nd which h
ve been he
eul of delibe
ion
e o e
on
ble, h
 hey hould be
volun
ily offe ed o you; fo you ee hem
 
fegu
d o you
libe y, no
 me
n of liceniou powe o

il ohe . You
eenmen we mu
he p
don h
n indulge; eeing h
 f om you
h
 ed of c uely ye uh ino c uely,
nd
lmo befo e you
e f ee
you elve, you wih
l e
dy o lo d i ove you enemie. h
ll ou

e neve enjoy e f om punihmen, eihe of he p
 ici
n on he
Rom
n common, o of he common on he p
 ici
n? you h
ve occ
ion
fo
hield
he h
n fo
wo d. He i ufficienly
nd
bund
nly
humble, who live in

e on
n eu
l fooing, neihe inflicing no
uffe ing inju y. Mo eove , "hould you feel dipoed o ende
you elve fo mid
ble, when, h
ving ecove ed you m
gi
e
nd l
w,
deciion on ou live
nd fo une h
ll be in you h
nd; hen you
h
ll dee mine
cco ding o he me i of e
ch c
e; now i i
ufficien h
 you libe y be eo ed."
54. All pe miing hem o
c ju
 hey hin p ope , he

mb

do 
u e hem h
 hey would peedily eu n, h
ving
compleed eve y m
e . When hey wen
nd l
id befo e he p
 ici
n
he me
ge of he common, he ohe decemvi , ince, con
y o
hei own expec
ion, no menion w
 m
de of hei punihmen,
ied
no objecion. Appiu, being of
 uculen dipoiion
nd
p
icul

objec of dee
ion, me
u ing he
ncou of ohe  ow
d him by
hi own ow
d hem, 
y, "I
m
w
e of he f
e which h
ng ove me.
I ee h
 he cone
g
in u i defe ed, unil ou
m
e
delive ed up o ou
dve 
ie. Blood mu be offe ed up o popul


ge. No even do I demu o eign my decemvi
e." A dec ee of he
en
e i hen p
ed, "h
 he decemvi  hould wihou del
y eign
hei office; h
 Quinu Fu iu, chief poniff, hould hold
n
elecion of plebei
n  ibune,
nd h
 he eceion of he oldie 

nd common hould no be viied on

ny one." Thee dec ee being
finihed, he en
e being dimied, he decemvi  come fo h ino he

embly,
nd eign hei office, o he g e
 joy of
ll. New of hi
i c
ied o he common. All he people em
ining in he ciy eco 
he
mb

do . Thi c owd w
 me by
nohe joyou body f om he
c
mp; hey cong
ul
e e
ch ohe on he eo
ion of pe
ce
nd
conco d o he 
e. The depuie
dd e he
embly: "Be i

dv
n
geou, fo un
e,
nd h
ppy fo you
nd he epublic, eu n ino
you coun y o you houehold god, you wive
nd child en; bu c
y
ino he ciy he 
me modey which you obe ved he e, whe e,
mid he
conumpion of o m
ny m
e  nece
y fo o l
ge
numbe of
pe on, no m
n' field h
 been inju ed. Go o he Avenine, whence ye
e ou. In h

upiciou pl
ce, whe e ye oo he fi  ep ow
d
libe y, ye h
ll elec  ibune of he people. The chief poniff will
be
 h
nd o hold he elecion." G e
 w
 hei
en
nd joy,

evinced in hei
pp ob
ion of eve y me
u e. They hen h
ily
ie
hei 
nd
d,
nd h
ving e ou fo Rome, vie in exul
ion wih
ll
hey me. The e, he chief poniff holding he meeing fo he
elecion, hey eleced
 hei  ibune of he people, fi  of
ll A.
Vi giniu, hen Luciu Iciliu,
nd Publiu Numio iu he uncle of
Vi gini
, he
dvie  of he eceion. Then C
iu iciniu, he
offp ing of him who i eco ded o h
ve been eleced fi   ibune of
he common on he 
c ed moun;
nd M
cu Duiliu, who h
d p
ed
h ough
diinguihed  ibunehip befo e he c e
ion of he
decemvi ,
nd w
 neve w
ning o he common in hei cone wih

he decemvi . M
cu Tiiniu, M
cu Pomponiu, C
iu Ap oniu,
Publiu Villiu,
nd C
iu Oppiu, we e eleced mo e f om hope
(ene 
ined of hem) h
n f om
ny e vice (pe fo med). When he
ene ed on hi  ibunehip, Luciu Iciliu p opoed o he common,
nd
he common o de ed, h
 he eceion f om he decemvi  which h
d

en pl
ce hould no p ove de imen
l o
ny individu
l. Immedi
ely

fe Duiliu c
ied
p opoiion fo elecing conul, wih igh of

ppe
l. All hee hing we e 
n
ced in
n
embly of he common
in he Fl
mini
n me
dow, which hey now c
ll he Fl
mini
n ci cu.
55. Then h ough
n ine ex Luciu V
le iu
nd M
cu Ho
iu we e
eleced conul, who immedi
ely ene ed on hei office; whoe
conulhip w
 popul
wihou
ny
cu
l inju y o he p
 ici
n,
hough no wihou hei diple
u e; fo wh
eve p oviion w
 m
de
fo ecu ing he libe y of he common, h
 hey conide ed o be

diminuion m
de in hei own powe . Fi  of
ll, when i w

 i we e

poin in con ove y, whehe p

 ici
n we e bound by egul
ion
en
ced in
n
embly of he common, hey p opoed
l
w in he

embly of he cenu ie, h

 wh
eve he common o de ed
collecively, hould bind he eni e people; by which l
w
mo
een-edged we
pon w
 given o moion in oduced by  ibune. Then

nohe l
w m
de by
conul conce ning he igh of
ppe
l,
ingul

ecu iy o libe y,
nd ubve ed by he decemvi
l powe , hey no
only eo e, bu gu
d i
lo fo he ime o come, by en
cing
new
l
w, "h
 no one hould
ppoin
ny m
gi
e wihou
igh of

ppe
l; if
ny pe on hould o elec, i would be l
wful
nd igh h

he be pu o de
h;
nd h
 uch illing hould no be deemed
c
pi
l
offence." And when hey h
d ufficienly ecu ed he common by he
igh of
ppe
l on he one h
nd, by  ibunii
n
id on he ohe , hey
enewed fo he  ibune hemelve (he p ivilege) h
 hey hould be
held 
c ed
nd inviol
ble, he memo y of which m
e h
d now been

lmo lo, eviving ce 
in ce emonie which h
d been long diued;

nd hey ende ed hem inviol

ble boh by he eligiou iniuion,

well
 by
l
w, en
cing, h
 "whoeve hould offe inju y o
 ibune of he people, dile, judge, decemvi , hi pe on hould be
devoed o Jupie ,
nd hi p ope y be old
 he emple of Ce e,
Libe
nd Libe
." Commen
o  deny h

ny pe on i by hi l
w

c o
nc; bu h
 he who m
y do
n inju y o
ny of hem, i deemed
o be devoed; he efo e h

n dile m
y be
eed
nd c
ied o
p ion by upe io m
gi
e, which, hough i be no exp ely
w

ned by l
w, fo
n inju y i done o
pe on o whom i i no
l
wful o do
n inju y
cco ding o hi l
w, ye i i
p oof h

n
dile i no conide ed
 
c ed; h
 he  ibune we e 
c ed
nd
inviol
ble by
n
ncien o
h of he common, when fi  hey c e
ed
h
 office. The e h
ve been pe on who uppoed h
 by hi 
me
Ho
i
n l
w p oviion w
 m
de fo he conul
lo
nd he p o ,
bec
ue hey we e eleced unde he 
me
upice
 he conul; fo
h

conul w
 c
lled
judge. Which ine p e
ion i efued,
bec
ue
 hi ime i w
 no ye he cuom fo he conul o be
yled judge, bu he p o . Thee we e he l
w p opoed by he
conul. I w

lo egul
ed by he 
me conul, h
 dec ee of he
en
e hould be depoied wih he dile of he common in he emple
of Ce e; which befo e h
 ued o be upp eed
nd
le ed
 he
ple
u e of he conul. M
cu Duiliu hen,  ibune of he common,
p opoed o he people,
nd he people o de ed, h
 "whoeve lef he
people wihou  ibune,
nd whoeve c
ued
m
gi
e o be eleced
wihou he igh of
ppe
l, hould be punihed wih  ipe
nd
behe
ded." All hee m
e , hough
g
in he feeling of he
p
 ici
n, p
ed off wihou oppoiion f om hem, bec
ue no eve iy
w

imed

ny p
icul
individu
l.

56. Then boh he  ibunii

n powe
nd he libe y of he common being
fi mly e
blihed, he  ibune now deeming i boh 
fe
nd e
on
ble
o

c individu
l, ingle ou Vi giniu
 he fi  p oecuo
nd
Appiu
 defend
n. When Vi giniu
ppoined
d
y fo Appiu,
nd
Appiu c
me down o he fo um,
ccomp
nied by ome young p
 ici
n, he
memo y of hi mo p oflig
e exe cie of powe w
 in
nly evived in
he mind of
ll,
 oon
 hey beheld himelf
nd hi 
ellie.
Then Vi giniu 
y, "Long peeche h
ve been invened fo m
e  of

doubful n
u e. Acco dingly I h
ll neihe w
e ime in dwelling on
he guil of hi m
n befo e you, f om whoe c uely ye h
ve ecued
you elve by fo ce of
m, no h
ll I uffe him o
dd impudence o
hi ohe eno mou c ime in defending himelf. Whe efo e, Appiu
Cl
udiu, I emi o you he
ccumul
ed impiou
nd nef
iou deed you
h
ve h
d he eff one y o commi fo he l
 wo ye
; wih epec
o one ch
ge only, unle you will
ppoin
judge, (
nd p ove) h

you h
ve no, con
y o he l
w, enenced
f ee pe on o be

l
ve, I o de h
 you be 
en ino cuody." Neihe in he
id of
he  ibune, no in he judgmen of he people, could Appiu pl
ce
ny
hope: ill he boh
ppe
led o he  ibune,
nd, when no one eg
ded
him, being eized by he b
iliff, he excl
im, "I
ppe
l." The he
ing
of hi one exp eion, h
 
fegu
d of libe y, ue ed f om h

mouh by which
f ee ciizen w
 o ecenly conigned o l
ve y,
occ
ioned gene
l ilence. And, whil hey obe ve o e
ch ohe ,
h
 "
 lengh he e
e god,
nd h
 hey do no di eg
d hum
n

ff
i ;
nd h
 punihmen
w
i y
nny
nd c uely, which, hough
l
e,
e ill by no me
n ligh; h
 he now
ppe
led, who h
d

bolihed
ll igh of
ppe
l;
nd h
 he implo ed he p oecion of
he people, who h
d 
mpled down
ll he igh of he people;
nd h

he w
 d
gged off o p ion, deiue of he igh of libe y, who
h
d doomed
f ee pe on o l
ve y." Amid he mu mu  of he
embly,
he voice of Appiu w
 he
d implo ing he p oecion of he Rom
n
people. He enume
ed he e vice of hi
nceo  o he 
e,

home
nd
b o
d; hi own unfo un
e ze
l ow
d he Rom
n common;
h
 he h
d eigned he conulhip, o he g e
 diple
u e of he
p
 ici
n, fo he pu poe of eu
lizing he l
w; (he hen menioned)
hi l
w; which, hough hey ill em
ined in fo ce, he f
me of hem
w
 d
gged o
p ion. Bu he peculi

dv
n
ge
nd di
dv
n
ge
of hi c
e he would hen m
e  i
l of, when
n oppo uniy would be

ffo ded him of 

ing hi defence. A p een, he,
Rom
n ciizen,
dem
nded, by he common igh of ciizenhip, h
 he be
llowed o
pe
 on he d
y
ppoined,
nd o
ppe
l o he judgmen of he Rom
n
people. Th
 he did no d e
d popul

ge o much
 no o pl
ce
ny
hope in he euiy
nd comp
ion of hi fellow ciizen. Bu if he we e
led o p ion wihou being he
d, h
 he once mo e
ppe
led o he
 ibune of he people,
nd w
ned hem no o imi
e hoe whom hey
h
ed. Bu if he  ibune
cnowledge hemelve bound in he 
me
confede
cy fo
bolihing he igh of
ppe
l, which hey ch
ged he
decemvi  wih h
ving fo med, hen he
ppe
led o he people: he
implo ed he benefi of he l
w p
ed h
 ve y ye
, boh by he
conul
nd  ibune, eg
ding he igh of
ppe
l. Fo who would

ppe
l, if hi we e no
llowed
pe on
 ye uncondemned, whoe c
e
h
 no been he
d? wh
 plebei
n
nd humble individu
l would find
p oecion in he l
w, if Appiu Cl
udiu could no? h
 he would

ffo d
p oof, whehe y
nny o libe y w
 e
blihed by he new
l
w;
nd whehe he igh of
ppe
l
nd of ch
llenge
g
in he
injuice of m
gi
e w
 only held ou in empy wo d, o
effecu
lly g
ned.
57. Vi giniu, on he ohe h
nd,
ffi med h
 Appiu Cl
udiu w
 he

only pe on no eniled o

p
icip
ion in he l
w, no in civil o
hum
n ociey. Th
 men hould loo o he  ibun
l, he fo  e of
ll
vill
nie; whe e h
 pe peu
l decemvi , vening hi fu y on he
p ope ie, b
c,
nd blood of he ciizen, h e
ening
ll wih hi
od
nd
xe,
depie of god
nd men,
ended wih execuione ,
no lico , ch
nging hi mind f om
pine
nd mu de o lu, befo e
he eye of he Rom
n people, o e
f ee-bo n m
iden,
 if
p ione
of w
, f om he emb
ce of he f
he ,
nd g
ve he

p een o

depend
n, he p
nde o hi ec e ple
u e. Whe e by
c uel dec ee,

nd by
mo vill
inou deciion, he
med he igh h
nd of he f
he

g
in he d
ughe : whe e he o de ed he poue
nd uncle, on hei

iing he lifele body of he gi l, o be 
en off o
p ion;
moved mo e
 he ine upion o hi enu
l g
ific
ion h
n
 he
unimely de
h. Th
 he p ion w
 buil fo him
lo, which he ued o
c
ll he domicile of he Rom
n common. Whe efo e, hough he m
y
ppe
l

g
in
nd ofene , he would
 f euenly efe him o
judge, on he
ch
ge of h
ving enenced
f ee pe on o l
ve y; if he would no go
befo e
judge, h
 he o de ed him o be 
en o p ion
 one
condemned. He w
 h own ino p ion,
nd hough wihou he
di
pp ob
ion of
ny individu
l, ye no wihou conide
ble emoion
of he public mind, when, in coneuence of he punihmen of o
diinguihed
m
n, hei own libe y beg
n o
ppe
o he common
hemelve
 exceive. The  ibune defe ed he d
y of  i
l. Whil
hee m
e 
e going on,
mb

do  f om he He nici
n
nd L
in
c
me o Rome o p een hei cong
ul
ion on he h
mony ubiing
beween he p
 ici
n
nd common;
nd

n offe ing on h

ccoun
o Jupie , he be
nd g e
e, hey b ough ino he C
piol

golden c own, of m
ll weigh,
 iche
 h
 ime did no
bound,

nd he duie of eligion we e pe fo med

he wih piey h
n
m
gnificence. F om he 
me ou ce i w

ce 
ined h
 he u
n

nd Volci
n we e p ep
ing fo w
wih he umo ene gy. The conul
we e he efo e o de ed o divide he p ovince beween hem. The 
bine
fell o he lo of Ho
iu, he u
n
nd Volci
n o h
 of
V
le iu. On hei p ocl
iming
levy fo hee w
, h ough he good
wihe of he common, no only he younge men, bu of hoe who h
d
e ved ou hei ime,
conide
ble po ion
 volunee ,
ended o
give in hei n
me:
nd hence he
my w
  onge no only by he
numbe , bu
lo by he ind of oldie , vee
n being mixed wih
hem. Befo e hey m
ched ou of he ciy, hey eng
ved on b
,
nd
fixed up in public view, he decemvi
l l
w, which h
ve eceived he
n
me of "he welve 
ble." The e
e ome who 
e h
 he dile
dich
ged h
 office by o de of he  ibune.
58. C
iu Cl
udiu, who, deeing he c ime of he decemvi 
nd,

bove
ll, incened
 he
og
n conduc of hi b ohe ' on, h
d
ei ed o Regillum, he coun y of hi fo ef
he , h
ving eu ned,
hough now
dv
nced in ye
, o dep ec
e he d
nge  impending ove
h
 m
n, whoe vice he h
d hunned, now cl
d in
mou ning g
men,
wih he membe  of hi f
mily
nd hi clien, wen
bou he fo um,

nd olicied he ine e of he ciizen individu

lly, "Th
 hey
would no c
 uch

in on he Cl
udi
n f
mily,
 o conide hem
dee ving of imp ionmen
nd ch
in; h

m
n whoe im
ge would be
mo highly honou ed wih poe iy, he f
me of hei l
w
nd he
founde of Rom
n ju ip udence, l
y in ch
in
mong nighly hieve

nd obbe . (He begged) h

 hey would u n
w
y hei mind f om
eenmen fo
while o ex
min
ion
nd eflecion;
nd
he p
don
one
 he ine ceion of o m
ny membe  of he Cl
udi
n f
mily, h
n
h ough
h
 ed of one pu n he en e
ie of m
ny; h
 he himelf

lo p
id hi  ibue o he f
mily
nd he n
me; no h
d he been
econciled o him, whoe unfo un
e iu
ion he wihed o elieve;

h
 by fo iude libe y h
d been ecove ed; by clemency he h
mony of
he eve
l o de  migh be e
blihed." ome he e we e whom he
influenced mo e by hi w
m

chmen o hi f
mily h
n fo he 
e
of him fo whom he ine ceded. Bu Vi giniu begged h
 "hey would

he piy him
nd hi d
ughe ;
nd h
 hey would lien o he
en e
ie, no of he Cl
udi
n f
mily, which h
d
umed
o  of
ove eigny ove he common, bu hoe of he ne
f iend of Vi gini

nd of he h ee  ibune; who h

ving been c e
ed fo he
id of he
common, we e now hemelve implo ing he p oecion
nd
id of he
common." Thee e

ppe
ed mo e ju. Acco dingly,
ll hope being
cu off, Appiu pu
pe iod o hi life, befo e he d
y
ived

ppoined fo hi  i
l. oon
fe , pu iu Oppiu, he nex objec of
public indign
ion,
 h
ving been in he ciy when he unju deciion
w
 given by hi colle
gue, w


igned by Publiu Numio iu.
Howeve ,
n
c of injuice commied by Oppiu b ough mo e odium on
him, h
n he no p evening one (in he c
e of Appiu). A wine w

b ough fo w
d, who,
fe econing up weny c
mp
ign,
fe h
ving
been p
icul
ly honou ed eigh diffe en ime,
nd we
ing hee
honou  in he igh of he Rom
n people, o e open hi g
men
nd
exhibied hi b
c o n wih  ipe,
ing no ohe condiion bu
"h
, if he
ccued could n
me
ny one guily
c of hi, he migh,
hough
p iv
e individu
l, once mo e epe
 hi eve iy on him."
Oppiu w

lo h own ino p ion, whe e he pu
pe iod o hi life
befo e he d
y of  i
l. The  ibune confic
ed he p ope y of Appiu

nd Oppiu. Thei colle

gue lef hei home o go ino exile; hei
p ope y w
 confic
ed. M
cu Cl
udiu, he cl
im
n of Vi gini
,
being condemned on he d
y of hi  i
l, w
 dich
ged
nd wen
w
y
ino exile o Tibu , Vi giniu himelf emiing he pen
ly
 f


i
ffeced hi life;
nd he h
de of Vi gini
, mo e fo un
e
fe
de
h h
n when living,
fe h
ving o
med h ough o m
ny f
milie in
ue of venge
nce,
 lengh eed in pe
ce, no guily pe on being
lef unpunihed.
59. G e

l
m eized he p
 ici
n,
nd he counen
nce of he
 ibune we e now he 
me
 hoe of he decemvi  h
d been, when
M
cu Duiliu,  ibune of he people, h
ving pu

lu
y chec o
hei immode
e powe , 
y, "The e h
 been boh enough of libe y on
ou own p
,
nd of venge
nce on ou enemie; whe efo e fo hi ye
I
will neihe uffe
d
y of  i
l o be
ppoined fo
ny one, no
ny
pe on o be h own ino p ion. Fo i i neihe ple
ing o me h

old c ime now fo goen hould be
g
in b ough fo w
d, eeing h

he ecen one h
ve been
oned fo by he punihmen of he decemvi ;

nd he un emiing c
e of boh he conul in defending you
libe ie, i
mple ecu iy h
 nohing will be commied which will
c
ll fo  ibunii
n ine fe ence." Thi mode
ion of he  ibune fi 
elieved he p
 ici
n f om hei fe
,
nd
 he 
me ime inc e
ed
hei ill-will ow
d he conul; fo hey h
d been o devoed o he
common, h
 even
plebei
n m
gi
e oo
n e
lie ine e in
he 
fey
nd libe y of he p
 ici
n, h
n one of p
 ici
n
n;

nd hei enemie would h

ve been u feied wih inflicing punihmen
on hem, befo e he conul, o
ll
ppe

nce, would h
ve eied
hei liceniou c
ee . And he e we e m
ny who 
id h

w
n of
fi mne w
 hown, in
much
 he f
he  h
d given hei
pp ob
ion
o he l
w p opoed; no w
 he e
doub, bu h
 in hi  oubled

e of public
ff
i  hey h
d yielded o he ime.
60. The buine in he ciy being eled,
nd he igh of he
common being fi mly e
blihed, he conul dep
ed o hei
epecive p ovince. V
le iu p udenly defe ed
ll w
lie ope
ion

g
in he
mie of he u
n
nd he Volci
n, which h
d now fo med


juncion
 Algidum. Bu if he h
d immedi
ely commied he eul o
fo une, I now no bu h
, uch we e he feeling boh of he Rom
n

nd of hei enemie ince he unf

vou
ble
upice of he decemvi ,
he cone would h
ve ood hem in
he
vy lo. H
ving piched hi
c
mp
 he di
nce of
mile f om he enemy, he ep hi men uie.
The enemy filled he p
ce lying beween he wo c
mp wih hei
my
in o de of b
le,
nd no
ingle Rom
n m
de hem
ny
nwe when
hey ch
llenged hem o b
le. A lengh, we
ied f om 
nding
nd
f om w
iing in v
in fo
cone, he u
n
nd Volci
n,
conide ing h
 he vico y w
 in
m
nne conceded o hem, go off,
ome o he He nici
n, ome o he L
in, o commi dep ed
ion.
The e w
 lef in he c
mp
he
g
ion fo i defence h
n
ufficien fo ce fo
cone. When he conul pe ceived hi, he
eo ed he e o p eviouly occ
ioned o hi men,
nd d
wing up hi
 oop in o de of b
le, he now in hi u n p ovoe he enemy o
figh. When hey, f om
feeling of he
bence of hei fo ce,
declined b
le, he cou
ge of he Rom
n immedi
ely inc e
ed,
nd
hey conide ed
 v
nuihed hoe who ood p
nic- icen wihin
hei
mp
. Afe h
ving ood fo he eni e d
y p ep
ed fo he
cone, hey ei ed
 nigh. And he Rom
n, now full of hope, e

bou ef ehing hemelve. The enemy, in by no me

n eu
l pi i,
being now in  epid
ion, dep
ch meenge  in eve y di ecion o c
ll
b
c he plunde ing p
ie. Thoe in he ne
e pl
ce eu n hence;
hoe who we e f
he off we e no found. When he d
y d
wned, he
Rom
n le
ve he c
mp, dee mining on

uling he
mp
 unle
n
oppo uniy of fighing we e
ffo ded;
nd when he d
y w
 now f

dv
nced,
nd no movemen w
 m
de by he enemy, he conul o de  hem
o
dv
nce;
nd he  oop being pu in moion, he u
n
nd he
Volci
n bec
me indign
n, h
 vico iou
mie we e o be defended
by

mp

he h
n by v
lou
nd
m. Whe efo e hey
lo
e
nely dem
nded he ign
l fo b
le f om hei gene
l,
nd
eceived i. And now h
lf of hem h
d go ou of he g
e,
nd he
ohe  in ucceion we e obe ving o de , m
ching down e
ch o hi own
po, when he Rom
n conul, befo e he enemy' line could be d
wn up,
uppo ed by hei eni e  engh,
dv
nced on hem;
nd h
ving


ced hem befo e hey we e
ll
 ye led fo h,
nd when hoe who
we e o h
d no hei
n ufficienly

nged, he f
ll on he
une
dy c owd of hem, unning in  epid
ion f om one pl
ce o

nohe ,
nd h owing
ound hei eye on hemelve
nd on hei
f iend,
hou
nd violen one
dding o he
l e
dy confued 
e
of hei mind. The enemy
 fi  g
ve w
y; hen, when hey h
d
llied
hei pi i,
nd hei gene
l on eve y ide ep ovingly
ed hem,
whehe hey we e
bou o yield o hei v
nuihed foe, he b
le
w
 eo ed.
61. On he ohe ide, he conul dei ed he Rom
n o emembe h

"on h
 d
y, fo he fi  ime, hey fough
 f ee men in defence of
Rome, now
f ee ciy. Th
 i w
 fo hemelve hey we e o conue ,

nd no h
 hey hould be he p ize of he decemvi ,
fe
conue ing. Th
 i w
 no unde he comm
nd of Appiu h
 he
cion
w
 being conduced, bu unde hei conul V
le iu, decended f om he
libe
o  of he Rom
n people, himelf oo
libe
o . Th
 hey
hould how h
 in fo me b
le i h
d been he f
ul of he
gene
l,
nd no of he oldie , h
 hey did no conue . Th
 i
w
 h
meful o h
ve h
d mo e cou
ge
g
in hei own coun ymen h
n

g
in hei enemie,
nd o h
ve d e
ded l
ve y mo e
 home h
n

b o
d. Th
 Vi gini
w
 he only pe on whoe ch
iy w
 in d
nge
in ime of pe
ce: h
 Appiu w
 he only ciizen of d
nge ou lu.
Bu if he fo une of w
hould u n
g
in hem,
ll hei child en
would be in d
nge f om o m
ny hou
nd of enemie. Th
 he would

no, on
ccoun of he omen, menion hing which m
y neihe Jupie
no hei f
he M
 uffe o bef
ll
ciy buil unde uch

upice." He eminded hem of he Avenine

nd he 
c ed moun;
nd
"h
 hey hould b ing b
c dominion unimp
i ed o h
 po, whe e
hei libe y h
d been e
blihed bu
few monh befo e:
nd h

hey hould how h
 he Rom
n oldie  e
ined he 
me
biliie

fe he expulion of he decemvi , which hey h

d poeed befo e
hey we e
ppoined;
nd h
 he v
lou of he Rom
n people w
 no
dee io
ed
fe he l
w we e eu
lized." Afe he ue ed hee
wo d
mong he b

lion of he inf
n y, he flie f om hem o he
c
v
l y. "Come, young men, u p
 in v
lou he inf
n y,
 you

l e
dy u p
 hem in honou
nd in
n. The inf
n y
 he fi 
one h
ve m
de he enemy give w
y: now h
 hey h
ve given w
y, do you
give ein o you ho e
nd d ive hem f om he field. They will no

nd you ch
ge: even now hey
he hei
e h
n ei." They pu
on hei ho e,
nd d ive in
mong he enemy who we e
l e
dy h own
ino confuion by he

c of he inf
n y;
nd h
ving b oen h ough
he
n,
nd puhed on o he e
of hei line,
p
 wheeling
ound in he open p
ce, u n mo of hem
w
y f om he c
mp o which
hey we e now flying f om
ll ide,
nd by iding on befo e hey dee
hem f om h
 di ecion. The line of inf
n y,
nd he conul himelf,

nd he m
in body of he
my m
e fo he c
mp,
nd h
ving 
en i
wih conide
ble l
ughe , hey ge poeion of
g e
 u
niy of
booy. The f
me of hi b
le w
 c
ied no only o he ciy, bu o
he ohe
my
lo
mong he 
bine. In he ciy i w
 celeb
ed
only wih public ejoicing; in he c
mp i fi ed he cou
ge of he
oldie  o emul
e uch glo y. Ho
iu, by 
ining hem in
excu ion,
nd m
ing  i
l of hem in ligh i mihe, h
d

ccuomed hem o  u in hemelve

he h
n o emembe he
ignominy incu ed unde he comm
nd of he decemvi ,
nd hee lile
encoune  h
d now gone o f

 o inu e o hem he conumm
ion of

ll hei hope. The 

bine, el
ed
 hei ucce on he p eceding
ye
, ce
ed no o p ovoe
nd u ge hem (o figh,) con
nly
ing
hem why hey w
ed ime, 
llying fo h in m
ll numbe 
nd eu ning
lie m

ude ,
nd why hey p
celled ou he g
nd effo  of
ingle
w
on
numbe of inignific
n i mihe? why did hey no eng
ge
hem in he field,
nd conign he eul o fo une o be dee mined

once?
62. Beide h
 hey h
d
l e
dy of hemelve ecove ed
ufficien
deg ee of cou
ge, he Rom
n we e fi ed wih ex
pe
ion "h
 he
ohe
my would oon eu n vico iou o he ciy; h
 he enemy we e
now w
nonly inuling hem by conumelie; when would hey be
m
ch
fo he enemy, if hey we e no o hen?" When he conul
ce 
ined
h
 he oldie  g
ve exp eion o hee enimen in he c
mp,
h
ving ummoned
n
embly: "How m
e  h
ve gone on in Algidum," 
y
he, "I uppoe h
 you, oldie , h
ve
l e
dy he
d. A bec
me he

my of
f ee people o beh
ve, o h
ve hey beh
ved: h ough he
judiciou conduc of my colle
gue
nd he v
lou of he oldie , he
vico y h
 been g
ined. Fo my p
, he pl
n
nd dee min
ion which I

m o m
in
in, you you elve h
ll ugge. The w
m
y be boh
p olonged wih
dv
n
ge,
nd be b ough o
peedy concluion. If i
i o be p olonged, I h
ll 
e c
e by he 
me dicipline wih which
I h
ve commenced, h
 you hope
nd you v
lou m
y inc e
e eve y
d
y. If you h
ve now ufficien cou
ge,
nd i i you wih h
 he
m
e be decided, come on,
ie he e h
 hou uch
 you will
ie
in he field of b
le, he index
 once of you inclin
ion
nd you
v
lou ." When he hou w

ied wih g e

l
c iy, he
u e hem
"h
 wih he good f
vou of he
ven, he would comply wih hei wihe

nd le
d hem nex d
y o he field." The em
inde of he d
y i pen

in p ep
ing hei
m. On he following d
y,
 oon
 he 
bine

w he Rom
n
my being d
wn up in o de of b
le, hey oo,
 being
long ince e
ge fo he encoune , come fo w
d. The b
le w
 uch

one
 m
y be expeced beween wo
mie confiden in hemelve, he
one
nim
ed by he glo y of fo me
nd unine uped glo y, he ohe
l
ely o by
n unuu
l in
nce of ucce. The 
bine
ided hei
 engh by 

gem
lo; fo h
ving fo med
line eu
l (o h
 of
he enemy,) hey ep wo hou
nd men in ee ve, o m
e
n

c on
he lef wing of he Rom
n in he he
 of he b
le. When hee, by
n


c in fl
n, we e ove powe ing h
 wing, now
lmo u ounded,

bou ix hund ed of he c

v
l y of wo legion le
p down f om hei
ho e,
nd uh fo w
d in f on of hei men, now giving w
y;
nd hey

 he 
me ime boh oppoe he p og e of he enemy,
nd incie he
cou
ge of he inf
n y, fi  h
ing he d
nge eu
lly wih hem,
nd
hen by
ouing in hem
ene of h
me. I w

m
e of h
me h

he c
v
l y hould figh in hei own p ope ch

ce
nd in h
 of
ohe ;
nd h
 he inf
n y hould no be eu
l o he c
v
l y even
when dimouned.
63. They p e fo w
d he efo e o he figh, which h
d been upended
on hei p
,
nd ende
vou o eg
in he g ound which hey h
d lo,

nd in
momen no only i he b
le eo ed, bu one of he wing of
he 
bine give w
y. The c
v
l y, cove ed beween he
n of he
foo, eu n o hei ho e; hey hen g
llop
c o o he ohe
diviion o
nnounce hei ucce o hei p
y;
 he 
me ime
lo
hey m
e
ch
ge on he enemy, now dihe
ened by he dicomfiu e of
hei  onge wing. The v
lou of none hone mo e conpicuou in h

b
le. The conul p ovided fo
ll eme gencie; he
ppl
uded he b
ve,
ebued whe eve he b
le eemed o l
cen. When ep oved, hey
dipl
yed immedi
ely he ene gy of b
ve men;
nd
ene of h
me
imul
ed hem
 much
 p
ie excied he ohe . The hou being

ied
new,
nd m
ing
unied effo , hey d ive he enemy b
c; no
could he Rom
n powe be
ny longe eied. The 
bine, d iven in
eve y di ecion h ough he coun y, le
ve behind hem hei c
mp

plunde fo he enemy. The e he Rom
n ecove  he effec no of he

llie,

 Algidum, bu hi own p ope y, which h
d been lo by he
dev

ion of hei l
nd. Fo hi double vico y, ob
ined in wo
b
le, in wo diffe en pl
ce, he en
e h ough je
louy dec eed
me ely upplic
ion in he n
me of he conul fo one d
y only. The
people wen, howeve , on he econd d
y
lo in g e
 numbe  of hei
own
cco d o offe h
ngiving;
nd hi un
uho ized
nd popul

upplic
ion w
 even mo e ze
louly
ended. The conul by conce 
c
me o he ciy wihin he 
me wo d
y,
nd c
lled ou he en
e o
he C
mpu M
iu. Whe e, when hey we e el
ing he e vice
pe fo med by hemelve, he chief of he p
 ici
n compl
ined h

he en
e w
 convened
mong he oldie  deignedly fo he pu poe of
inimid
ion. The conul he efo e, le he e migh be
ny found
ion
fo uch
ch
ge, c
lled
w
y he en
e o he Fl
mini
n me
dow,
whe e he emple of Apollo now i (even hen hey c
lled i
Apollin
i). Whe e, when
 iumph w
 efued by
l
ge m
jo iy of
he p
 ici
n, Luciu Iciliu,  ibune of he common, p opoed o he
people eg
ding he  iumph of he conul, m
ny pe on coming fo w
d
o
gue
g
in he me
u e, bu in p
icul
C
iu Cl
udiu,
excl
iming, "Th
 i w
 ove he en
e, no ove he enemy, he
conul wihed o  iumph;
nd h
 i w
 inended

eu n fo

p iv
e e vice o
 ibune,
nd no

n honou due o v
lou . Th

neve befo e w
 he m
e of
 iumph m
n
ged h ough he people; bu
h
 he conide
ion conce ning he honou
nd he dipo
l of i,

lw
y l
y wih he en
e; h
 no even he ing h
d inf inged on he
m
jey of hi highe o de . Th
 he  ibune hould no hu occupy

eve y dep
men wih hei own
uho iy, o
 o
llow he exience
of no public council; h
 he 
e would be f ee,
nd he l
w
eu
lized by hee me
n only, if e
ch
n would e
in i own igh,
i own digniy." Though much h
d been 
id by he ohe enio
p
 ici
n
lo o he 
me pu poe,
ll he  ibe
pp oved h

p opoiion. Then fo he fi  ime
 iumph w
 celeb
ed by o de
of he people, wihou he
uho iy of he en
e.
64. Thi vico y of he  ibune
nd people w
 well nigh e min
ing in

n ex
v
g
nce of
by no me
n 
lu
y endency,
conpi
cy being
fo med
mong he  ibune o h
ve he 
me  ibune e-eleced,
nd in
o de h
 hei
mbiion migh be he le conpicuou, o coninue
hei office o he conul. They ple
ded,

c
ue, he combin
ion
of he p
 ici
n by which he p ivilege of he common we e
emped
o be unde mined by he
ff on h own upon he conul. Wh
 would be
he coneuence, befo e he l
w
e ye fi mly e
blihed, if conul
hould h ough hei f
cion

c he new  ibune. Fo h
 Ho
ii

nd V
le ii would no
lw
y be conul, who would popone hei own
ine e o he libe y of he people. By ome concu ence of
ci cum
nce, ueful
 he ime, i fell by lo o M
cu Duiliu

bove
ny one ele o p eide
 he elecion,
m
n of p udence,
nd
who pe ceived he o m of public odium h
 w
 h
nging ove hem f om
he coninu
nce of hei office. And when he 
ed h
 he would 
e
no noice of he fo me  ibune,
nd hi colle
gue  enuouly
inied h
 he hould
llow he  ibe o be
 libe y o voe, o
hould give up he office of p eiding
 he elecion o hi
colle
gue, who would hold he elecion
cco ding o l
w
he h
n

cco ding o he ple

u e of he p
 ici
n;
conenion being now
excied, when Duiliu h
d en fo he conul o hi e

nd
ed
hem wh
 hey conempl
ed doing wih epec o he conul

elecion,
nd hey
nwe ed h
 hey would
ppoin new conul, h
ving
found popul
uppo e  of
me
u e by no me
n popul
, he p oceeded
wih hem ino he
embly. Whe e, when he conul, being b ough
fo w
d befo e he people,
nd
ed, whehe if he Rom
n people,
mindful of hei libe y ecove ed
 home h ough hem, mindful
lo of
hei mili
y e vice, hould
g
in elec hem conul, wh
 hey
would do, m
de no ch
nge in hei enimen; he held he elecion,

fe eulogizing he conul, bec

ue hey pe eve ed o he l
 in
being unlie he decemvi ;
nd five  ibune of he people being
eleced, when, h ough he ze
lou exe ion of he nine  ibune who
openly puhed hei c
nv
, he ohe c
ndid
e could no m
e up he
eui ed numbe of  ibe, he dimied he
embly; no did he hold
one
fe fo he pu poe of
n elecion. He 
id h
 he h
d fulfilled
he l
w, which wihou
ny whe e pecifying he numbe of  ibune, only
en
ced h
  ibune hould be lef;
nd ecommended h
 colle
gue be
choen by hoe who h
d been eleced. And he ecied he e m of he
l
w, in which (i i 
id,) "If I h
ll p opoe en  ibune of he
common, if you elec hi d
y le h
n en  ibune of he people,
hen h
 hoe whom hey m
y h
ve choen
 colle
gue fo hemelve
be legiim
e  ibune of he people, by he 
me l
w
 hoe whom you
h
ve hi d
y eleced  ibune of he people." When Duiliu pe eve ed
o he l
, 
ing h
 he epublic could no h
ve fifeen  ibune
of he people,
fe b
ffling he
mbiion of hi colle
gue, he
eigned hi office, being eu
lly
pp oved by he p
 ici
n
nd
people.
65. The new  ibune of he people in elecing hei colle
gue evinced

dipoiion o g
ify he wihe of he p
 ici
n; hey even eleced
wo who we e p
 ici
n,
nd even conul
, pu iu T
peiu
nd Aulu
Ae iu. The conul hen eleced, L
giu He miniu, Tiu Vi giniu

Climon
nu no ve y much inclined o he c
ue eihe of he
p
 ici
n o common, h
d pe fec 
nuilliy boh
 home
nd
b o
d.
Luciu T eboniu,  ibune of he common, incened
g
in he
p
 ici
n, bec
ue,
 he 
id, he w
 impoed on by hem in he
ff
i
of chooing colle
gue,
nd be
yed by hi colle
gue, c
ied

p opo
l, "h
 whoeve oo he voe of he common in elecing
 ibune of he people, he hould go on 
ing he voe, unil he
eleced en  ibune of he people;"
nd he pen hi  ibunehip in
wo ying he p
 ici
n, whence he cognomen of Ape w
 given him.
Nex M
cu Geg
niu M
ce inu,
nd C
iu Juliu, being eleced conul,
uieed ome combin
ion of he  ibune
g
in he youh of he
nobiliy, wihou
ny h
h p oceeding
g
in h
 powe ,
nd ill
p ee ving he digniy of he p
 ici
n; by p ocl
iming
levy fo he
w

g
in he Volci
n
nd u
n, hey ep he people f om io by
eeping m
e  in
bey
nce;
ffi ming, h
 eve y hing w
 uie

b o
d, he e being h
mony in he ciy,
nd h
 h ough civil dico d
he enemie
umed new cou
ge. Thei
nxiey fo pe
ce w

lo he
c
ue of conco d
 home. Bu e
ch of he o de  eve oo
dv
n
ge of
mode
ion in he ohe . Ac of injuice beg
n o be commied by he
younge p
 ici
n on he common when pe fecly uie. When he
 ibune would
i he we
e p
y,
 fi  i w
 of lile ue;
hen no even hemelve ec
ped being ill- e
ed; p
icul
ly in he
l
e monh, when injuice w
 commied h ough he combin
ion

mong he mo e powe ful,

nd he vigou of eve y m
gi
cy become
conide
bly mo e l
x in he l
e p
 of he ye
;
nd now he
common pl
ced hope in he  ibunehip, only on he condiion h
 hey
h
d  ibune lie Iciliu; h
 fo he l
 wo ye
 hey h
d h
d only
me e n
me. On he ohe h
nd, he elde membe  of he p
 ici
n o de ,
hough hey conide ed hei young men o be oo ove be
ing, ye would

he , if bound we e o be exceeded, h

edund
ncy of pi i
hould exi in hei own o de h
n in hei
dve 
ie. o difficul

hing i mode
ion in m
in
ining libe y, whil by p eending o
dei e eu
liz
ion, eve y pe on
ie himelf in uch
m
nne
 o
dep e
nohe ;
nd men, by hei ve y p ec
uion
g
in fe
, c
ue
hemelve o become objec of d e
d;
nd we 
ddle on ohe  injuice
h own off f om ou elve,
 if i we e
cu
lly nece
y eihe o
commi injuice o o ubmi o i.
66. Tiu Quiniu C
piolinu, fo he fou h ime,
nd Ag ipp
Fu iu
being hen eleced conul, found neihe diu b
nce
 home no w

b o
d; boh, howeve , we e impending. The dico d of he ciizen could
now no longe be checed, boh  ibune
nd common being ex
pe
ed

g
in he p
 ici
n, when
d
y of  i
l being
ppoined fo
ny of
he nobiliy
lw
y emb oiled he
emblie wih new cone. On he
fi  noie of which he u
n
nd Volci
n,
 if hey h
d eceived

ign
l, oo up
m;
 he 
me ime bec
ue hei le
de , dei ou
of plunde , h
d pe u
ded hem h
 he levy p ocl
imed wo ye

p eviouly could no be p oceeded wih, he common now efuing
obedience; h
 on h

ccoun no
mie we e en
g
in hem; h

mili
y dicipline w
 ubve ed by licenioune;
nd h
 Rome w

no longe conide ed
 hei common coun y; h
 wh
eve eenmen

nd
nimoiy hey m
y h
ve ene 
ined
g
in fo eigne , w
 now
u ned
g
in e
ch ohe ; h
 now
n occ
ion offe ed fo de oying
hoe wolve blinded by ineine
ge. H
ving unied hei fo ce, hey
fi  l
id w
e he L
in e io y: when no ei
nce w
 found
he e, hen indeed, o he g e
 exul
ion of he
dvie  of he w
,
hey
pp o
ched he ve y w
ll of Rome, c
ying hei dep ed
ion ino
he di ic
ound he Euiline g
e, poining ou o he ciy he
dev

ion of he l
nd by w
y of inul. Whence when hey m
ched b
c
o Co bio unmoleed,
nd d iving he p ey befo e hem, Quiniu he

conul ummoned he people o

n
embly.
67. The e I find h
 he poe o hi pu po : "Though I
m conciou
o myelf of no f
ul, Rom
n, ye wih he g e
e h
me I h
ve come
fo w
d o you
embly. Th
 you hould now hi; h
 hi hould be
h
nded down on eco d o poe iy, h
 he u
n
nd Volci
n,

ho  ime ince c
cely
m
ch fo he He nici
n, h
ve wih impuniy
come wih
m in hei h
nd o he w
ll of Rome, in he fou h
conul
e of Tiu Quiniu. H
d I nown h
 hi ignominy w
 ee ved
fo hi p
icul
ye
, (hough we
e now long living in uch

m
nne , uch i he 
e of
ff
i , h
 my mind could
ugu nohing
good,) I would h
ve
voided hi honou eihe by exile o by de
h, if
he e we e no ohe me
n of ec
ping i. Then if men of cou
ge h
d
hoe
m, which we e
 ou g
e, could Rome be 
en in my
conul
e? I h
ve h
d ufficien honou , enough
nd mo e h
n enough of
life: I hould h
ve died in my hi d conul
e. Whom did hee mo
d

dly enemie depie? u, conul, o you, ciizen? If he f
ul
i in u, 
e
w
y he comm
nd f om u
 unwo hy pe on;
nd if h

i inufficien, fu he inflic punihmen on u. If in you, m
y he e
be none of god o men who will punih you offence; do you only epen
of hem. I i no you cow
dice hey h
ve depied, no hei own
v
lou hey h
ve confided in; fo h
ving been o ofen oued
nd pu o
fligh,  ipped of hei c
mp,
me ced in hei l
nd, en unde he
yoe, hey now boh hemelve
nd you. The dico d
mong he eve
l
o de  i he b
ne of hi ciy; he cone of he p
 ici
n
nd
common h
ve
ied hei pi i; whil we h
ve neihe bound in he
pu ui of powe , no you in h
 of libe y, whil you
e i ed of
p
 ici
n, hee of plebei
n m
gi
e. In he n
me of he
ven, wh

would ye h
ve? You coveed  ibune of he common; we conceded hem fo
he 
e of conco d. Ye longed fo decemvi ; we uffe ed hem o be
c e
ed. Ye bec
me we
y of decemvi ; we compelled hem o eign he
office. You eenmen
g
in hee 
me pe on when hey bec
me
p iv
e ciizen ill coninuing, we uffe ed men of he highe
f
milie
nd
n o die o go ino exile. Ye wihed
g
in o c e
e
 ibune of he common; ye c e
ed hem. Though we 
w h
 i w

unju o he p
 ici
n o c e
e conul in you own ine e, we h
ve
even een
p
 ici
n m
gi
cy conceded

n offe ing o he people.
The
id of  ibune, igh of
ppe
l o he people, he
c of he
common m
de binding on he p
 ici
n unde he p eex of eu
lizing
he l
w, he ubve ion of ou p ivilege, we h
ve bo ne
nd ill
be
. Wh
 e min
ion i he e o be o ou dienion? when h
ll i
be
llowed u o h
ve
unied ciy? when o h
ve one common coun y?
When defe
ed we ubmi wih mo e eign
ion h
n you when vico iou.
I i enough fo you, h
 you
e objec of e o o u? The Avenine
i 
en
g
in u;
g
in u he 
c ed moun i eized. When he
Euili i
lmo 
en by he enemy,
nd when he Volci
n foe i
c
ling you
mp
, he e i no one o dilodge him:
g
in u ye

e men,
g
in u ye 
e up
m.
68. "Come, when ye h
ve bloc
ded he en
e-houe he e,
nd h
ve m
de
he fo um he e
 of w
,
nd filled he p ion wih he le
ding men of
he 
e, m
ch fo h h ough he Euiline g
e, wih h
 
me
dee mined pi i; o if ye do no even venu e hu f
, behold f om
you w
ll he l
nd l
id w
e wih fi e
nd wo d, booy d iven off,
he houe e on fi e in eve y di ecion
nd moing. Bu (I m
y be
old) i i he public we
l h
 i in
wo e condiion h ough hee
eul: he l
nd i bu ned, he ciy i beieged,
ll he glo y of he
w
i cen ed in he enemy. Wh
 in he n
me of he
ven? in wh
 
e
i you own p iv
e ine e? ju now hi own p iv
e loe we e

nnounced o e
ch of you f om he l
nd. Wh
, p
y, i he e
 home,

whence you m
y ec ui hem? Will he  ibune eo e
nd compen
e
you fo wh
 ye h
ve lo? Of ound
nd wo d hey will he
p on you

much
 ye ple
e,
nd of ch
ge
g
in he le
ding men,
nd l
w one
upon
nohe ,
nd of public meeing. Bu f om hee meeing neve h

one of you eu ned home mo e inc e
ed in ub
nce o in fo une. H


ny one eve b ough b

c o hi wife
nd child en
ugh 
ve h
 ed,
u
el, g udge public
nd p iv
e? f om which (
nd hei effec) you
h
ve been eve p oeced, no by you own v
lou
nd ineg iy, bu by
he
id of ohe . Bu, when you e ved unde he guid
nce of u
conul, no unde you  ibune,
nd he enemy  embled
 you hou
in he field of b
le, no he Rom
n p
 ici
n in he
embly, booy
being ob
ined, l
nd 
en f om he enemy, wih
pleniful oc of
we
lh
nd glo y, boh public
nd p iv
e, you ued o eu n home o
you houehold god in  iumph: now you
llow he enemy o go off l
den
wih you p ope y. Coninue immov
bly ied o you
emblie, live in
he fo um; he neceiy of 
ing he field, which ye
void, ill
follow you. W
 i oo h
d on you o m
ch
g
in he u
n
nd he
Volci
n? The w
i
 you g
e: if i i no epelled f om hence,
i will oon be wihin you w
ll,
nd will c
le he ci
del
nd
C
piol,
nd follow you ino you ve y houe. Two ye

go he en
e
o de ed
levy o be held,
nd he
my o m
ch o Algidum; ye we i
down lile
 home, u
elling wih e
ch ohe lie women;
delighing in p een pe
ce,
nd no eeing h

fe h
 ho -lived
ine miion complic
ed w

e u e o eu n. Th
 he e
e ohe
opic mo e ple
ing h
n hee, I well now; bu even hough my own
mind did no p omp me o i, neceiy oblige me o pe
 h
 which
i  ue ine
d of h
 which i ple
ing. I would indeed be
nxiou o
ple
e you, Rom
n; bu I
m much mo e
nxiou h
 ye hould be
p ee ved, wh
eve enimen ye h
ll ene 
in ow
d me. I h

been o o d
ined by n
u e, h
 he who
dd ee
muliude fo hi
own p iv
e ine e, i mo e ple
ing h
n he m
n whoe mind h

nohing in view bu he public ine e. Unle pe h
p you uppoe h

hoe public ycoph
n, hoe fl
e e  of he common, who neihe
uffe you o 
e up
m no o live in pe
ce, incie
nd wo  you up
fo you own ine e. When excied, you
e o hem ou ce eihe of
honou o of p ofi:
nd bec
ue, du ing conco d beween he eve
l
o de , hey ee h
 hemelve
e of no impo 
nce on
ny ide, hey
wih o be le
de  of
b
d c
ue
he h
n of no c
ue wh
eve , of
umul,
nd of ediion. Of which 
e of hing, if
edium c
n

lengh ene you mind,
nd if ye
e willing o eume he mode of

cing p
cied by you fo ef
he ,
nd fo me ly by you elve, I
ubmi o
ny punihmen, if I do no ou
nd pu o fligh,
nd  ip
of hei c
mp, hoe
v
ge  of ou l
nd,
nd 
nfe f om ou g
e

nd w
ll o hei ciie hi e o of w
, by which you
e now
h own ino cone n
ion."
69. c
cely eve w
 he peech of
popul
 ibune mo e
ccep
ble o
he common, h
n w
 hi of
mo  ic conul on h
 occ
ion. The
young men
lo, who du ing uch
l
ming eme gencie h
d been
ccuomed
o employ he efu
l o enli
 he h
pe we
pon
g
in he
p
 ici
n, beg
n o di ec hei hough o w

nd
m:
nd he
fligh of he uic,
nd hoe who h
d been obbed on he l
nd
nd
wounded,
nnouncing m
e  mo e evoling even h
n wh
 w
 exhibied
o view, filled he whole ciy wih
pi i of venge
nce. When he
en
e
embled, hee
ll u ning o Quiniu, looed on him
 he
only ch
mpion of Rom
n m
jey;
nd he le
ding en
o  decl
ed "hi
h

ngue o be wo hy of he conul

uho iy, wo hy of o m
ny
conulhip fo me ly bo ne by him, wo hy of hi whole life, which w

full of honou  f euenly enjoyed, mo e f euenly dee ved. Th

ohe conul h
d eihe fl
e ed he common by be
ying he digniy

of he p
 ici
n, o by h
hly m
in
ining he igh of hei o de ,
h
d ende ed he muliude mo e difficul o ubdue: h
 Tiu Quiniu
h
d delive ed
peech mindful of he digniy of he p
 ici
n, of he
conco d of he diffe en o de ,
nd
bove
ll, of he ime. They
en e
ed him
nd hi colle
gue o 
e up he ine e of he
commonwe
lh; hey en e
ed he  ibune, h
 by
cing in conce 
wih he conul hey would join in epelling he w
f om he ciy
nd
he w
ll,
nd h
 hey would induce he common o be obedien o he
en
e in o pe ilou
conjuncu e: h
, hei l
nd being dev

ed,

nd hei ciy in
m
nne beieged, hei common coun y
ppe
led o
hem
  ibune,
nd implo ed hei
id." By unive 
l conen he levy
i dec eed
nd held. When he conul g
ve public noice "h
 he e w

no ime fo ex
mining ino excue, h

ll he young men hould
end
on he following mo ning
 he fi  d
wn in he C
mpu M
iu; h

when he w
w
 ove , hey hould
ffo d ime fo inui ing ino he
excue of hoe who h
d no given in hei n
me; h
 he m
n hould
be held

dee e , wih whoe excue hey migh no be 
ified;"
he eni e youh
ended on he following d
y. The coho  choe e
ch
hei cenu ion: wo en
o  we e pl
ced
 he he
d of e
ch coho .
We h
ve he
d h

ll hee me
u e we e pe feced wih uch
expediion, h
 he 
nd
d, h
ving been b ough fo h f om he
 e
u y on h
 ve y d
y by he uo 
nd conveyed o he C
mpu,
beg
n o move f om hence
 he fou h hou ;
nd he newly
ied
my
h
led
 he enh one, followed by
few coho  of vee
n oldie 

 volunee . The following d

y b ough he enemy wihin view,
nd c
mp
w
 joined o c
mp ne
Co bio. On he hi d d
y, when eenmen u ged
on he Rom
n,
concioune of guil fo h
ving o ofen ebelled,

nd dep
i (of p
don) u ged hem on he ohe ide, he e w
 no del
y
m
de in coming o
n eng
gemen.
70. In he Rom
n
my, hough he wo conul we e inveed wih eu
l

uho iy, he up eme comm

nd w
 by he conceion of Ag ipp
eigned
o hi colle
gue,
hing which i mo 
lu
y in he m
n
gemen of
m
e  of g e
 impo 
nce;
nd he who w
 p efe ed poliely
eponded o he e
dy condecenion of him who lowe ed himelf, by
communic
ing o him
ll hi me
u e
nd h
ing wih him hi honou ,

nd by eu
lizing himelf o him no longe hi eu
l. On he field of
b
le Quiniu comm
nded he igh, Ag ipp
he lef wing; he comm
nd
of he cen
l line i in ued o pu iu Poumiu Albu,

lieuen
n-gene
l. e viu ulpiciu, he ohe lieuen
n-gene
l,
hey pl
ce ove he c
v
l y. The inf
n y on he igh wing fough wih
diinguihed v
lou , wih ou ei
nce f om he Volci
n. e viu
ulpiciu b oe wih hi c
v
l y h ough he cen e of he enemy' line;
whence hough he migh h
ve eu ned in he 
me w
y o hi own p
y,
befo e he enemy could h
ve eo ed hei b oen
n, i eemed mo e

dvi
ble o

c he enemy' e
,
nd by

cing he e
he would
in
momen h
ve dipe ed he enemy by he wofold

c, h
d no he
c
v
l y of he Volci
n
nd u
n ine ceped him
nd ep him eng
ged
by
mode of fighing imil
o hi own. Then indeed ulpiciu
e ed
h
 "he e w
 no ime fo del
ying," c ying ou h
 "hey we e
u ounded
nd cu off f om hei own f iend, unle hey unied
ll
hei effo 
nd dep
ched he eng
gemen wih he c
v
l y. No w
 i
enough o ou he enemy wihou di
bling hem; h
 hey hould l
y
ho e
nd men, le
ny migh eu n o he figh o enew he b
le;
h
 hey could no ei hem, befo e whom
comp
c body of inf
n y
h
d given w
y." Hi o de  we e
dd eed o by no me
n de
f e
; by
one ch
ge hey oued he eni e c
v
l y, dimouned g e
 numbe ,
nd
illed wih hei j
velin boh he men
nd he ho e. Thi pu

e min
ion o he b
le wih he c
v
l y. Then

cing he enemy'
line, hey end
n
ccoun o he conul of wh
 hey h
d done, whe e

he enemy' line w

 now giving w
y. The new boh g
ve new pi i o
he Rom
n who we e now conue ing,
nd dim
yed he u
n
 hey we e
beginning o give w
y. They fi  beg
n o be be
en in he cen e,
whe e he ch
ge of he c
v
l y h
d b oen hei
n. Then he lef
wing beg
n o loe g ound befo e he conul Quiniu; he e w
 mo
difficuly on he igh. Then Ag ipp
, buoyed up by youh
nd vigou , on
eeing m
e  going mo e f
vou
bly in eve y p
 of he b
le h
n in
hi own u
e , oo ome of he 
nd
d f om he 
nd
d-be
e 

nd c
ied hem on himelf, ome even he beg
n o h ow ino he hic
of he enemy. The oldie , u ged on by he fe
of hi dig
ce,


ced he enemy; hu he vico y w
 eu
lized in eve y u
e .
New hen c
me f om Quiniu h
 he, being now vico iou, w

bou o


c he enemy' c
mp; h
 he w
 unwilling o b e
 ino i befo e
he le
ned h
 hey we e be
en in he lef wing
lo. If he h
d oued
he enemy, h
 he hould now join him, h

ll he
my ogehe migh

e poeion of he booy. Ag ipp
being vico iou c
me wih muu
l
cong
ul
ion o hi vico iou colle
gue
nd o he enemy' c
mp.
The e being bu few o defend i,
nd hee being oued in
momen,
hey b e
 ino he fo ific
ion wihou
 uggle;
nd hey m
ch
b
c he
my
fe i ob
ined
l
ge h
e of poil, h
ving ecove ed

lo hei own effec, which h

d been lo by he dev

ion of he
l
nd. I h
ve no
ce 
ined h
 eihe hey hemelve dem
nded

 iumph, no h
 uch w
 confe ed on hem by he en
e; no i
ny
c
ue
igned fo he honou being eihe ove looed o no hoped fo .
A f

 I c
n conjecu e
 o g e

di
nce of ime, when

 iumph h
d been efued o he conul Ho
iu
nd V
le iu, who, in

ddiion o he u
n
nd Volci
n, h
d g
ined he glo y of finihing
he 
bine w
, he conul we e
h
med o dem
nd
 iumph fo one
h
lf of he e vice done by hem; le if hey even hould ob
in i,
eg
d of pe on
he h
n of me i migh
ppe
o h
ve been
ene 
ined.
71. A dig
ceful deciion of he people eg
ding he bound
ie of
hei
llie dig
ced he honou
ble vico y ob
ined ove hei
enemie. The 
e of A ici

nd of A de
, h
ving f euenly conended
in
m conce ning
dipued piece of l
nd,
nd being we
ied ou by
m
ny muu
l loe,
ppoined he Rom
n people

bi
o . When hey
c
me o uppo  hei cl
im,
n
embly of he people being g
ned
hem by he m
gi
e,
deb
e enued conduced wih g e
 w
mh.
And he winee being now p oduced, when he  ibe we e o be c
lled,

nd he people we e o give hei voe, Publiu c

piu,
plebei
n

dv
nced in ye
, ie up
nd 
y; "Conul, if i i pe mied me o
pe
 on he public ine e, I will no uffe he people o be led
ino
mi
e in hi m
e ." When he conul 
id h
 he,

unwo hy of
enion, w
 no o be he
d
nd, on hi excl
iming "h

he public ine e w
 being be
yed," o de ed him o be pu
ide, he

ppe
l o he  ibune. The  ibune,
 hey
e
lw
y di eced by
he muliude,
he h
n hey di ec hem, indulged he people, who
we e
nxiou o he
him, in g
ning c
piu le
ve o 
y wh
 he
ple
ed. He hen commence: "Th
 he w
 in hi eighy-hi d ye
,
nd
h
 he h
d e ved in h
 di ic which w
 now in dipue, no even
hen
young m
n
 he w
 e ving hi wenieh c
mp
ign, when
ope
ion we e going on
 Co ioli. He he efo e
dduced
f
c
fo goen by lengh of ime, bu one deeply fixed in hi own memo y: he
di ic now in dipue h
d belonged o he e io y of Co ioli,
nd

fe he 
ing of Co ioli, i bec
me by igh of w
he public
p ope y of he Rom
n people. Th
 he w
 u p ied how he 
e of
A de

nd A ici
hould hope o ine cep f om he Rom
n people, whom
f om being he igh owne  hey m
de
bi
o ,
di ic he igh
o which hey neve cl
imed whil he 
e of Co ioli ubied. Th


he fo hi p
 h
d bu
ho  ime o live; he could no howeve b ing
himelf, old
 he now w
, o decline cl
iming by hi voice, he only
me
n he now h
d,
di ic which,

oldie , he h
d con ibued o

cui e,
 f


n individu
l could. Th
 he  enuouly
dvied he
people no o d
mn hei own ine e by
n imp ope feeling of
delic
cy."
72. The conul, when hey pe ceived h
 c
piu w
 liened o no
only in ilence, bu even wih
pp ob
ion,
ppe
ling o god
nd men,
h

n eno mou
nd dig
ceful
c w
 being commied, end fo he
p incip
l en
o : wih hee hey wen
ound o he  ibune;
en e
ed, "h
,
 judge, hey would no be guily of
mo heinou
c ime, wih
ill wo e p eceden, by conve ing he dipue o hei
own ine e, mo e epeci
lly when, even hough i m
y be l
wful fo

judge o p oec hi own emolumen, o much would by no me

n be

cui ed by eeping he l

nd,
 would be lo by
lien
ing he

ffecion of hei
llie by injuice; fo h
 he loe of
ch

ce
nd of epu
ion we e g e
e h
n could be eim
ed. We e
he
mb

do  o c
y home hi
nwe ; w
 hi o go ou o he
wo ld; we e hei
llie o he
hi; we e hei enemie o he

i--wih wh
 o ow he one--wih wh
 joy he ohe p
y? Could hey
uppoe, h
 he neighbou ing 
e would impue hi p oceeding o
c
piu,
n old b
bble

emblie? h
 c
piu would be ende ed
diinguihed by hi 
ue: h
 he Rom
n people would
ume he
ch

ce of
uu pe
nd ine cepe of he cl
im of ohe . Fo wh

judge in
p iv
e c
ue eve
ced in hi w
y, o
 o
djudge o
himelf he p ope y in dipue? Th
 even c
piu himelf would no

c o, hough he h
 now oulived
ll ene of h
me." Thu he
conul, hu he en
o  excl
imed; bu coveoune,
nd c
piu,
he
dvie of h
 coveoune, h
d mo e influence. The  ibe, when
convened, decided h
 he di ic w
 he public p ope y of he Rom
n
people. No i i denied h
 i migh h
ve been o, if hey h
d gone o
ohe judge; now he dig
ce of he deciion i ce 
inly no

ll
diminihed by he f
i ne of he ile: no did i
ppe
mo e
dig
ceful o mo e hideou o he people of A ici

nd of A de
, h
n
i did o he Rom
n en
e. The em
inde of he ye
coninued f ee
f om eihe ciy o fo eign commoion.

BOOK IV.
_A l
w w
 p
ed conce ning he ine m
i
ge of he p
 ici
n

nd plebei
n,
fe  ong ei
nce on he p
 of he
p
 ici
n. Mili
y  ibune wih conul
powe . Ceno  c e
ed.
Reo
ion of he l
nd unjuly 
en f om he people of A de
.
pu iu Meliu, upeced of
iming
 eg
l powe , i l
in by C.
e viliu Ah
l
by o de of Quiniu Cincinn
u, dic
o .
Co neliu Cou, h
ving illed Tolumniu, ing of he Veiene,
offe  he econd_ poli
opim
. _Du
ion of he ceno hip,
o igin
lly five ye
, limied o one ye

nd
h
lf. Fiden
educed,
nd
colony eled he e. The coloni de oyed by he
Fiden
i
n, who
e ubeuenly conue ed by M
me cu miliu,
dic
o . A conpi
cy of he l
ve pu down. Poumiu,

mili
y  ibune, l
in by he
my fo hi c uelie. P
y f om he
 e
u y fi  given o he oldie . Ope
ion
g
in he
Volci
n, Fiden
i
n,
nd F
lici
n._

1. M
cu Genuciu
nd C
iu Cu iu followed hee
 conul. The ye

w
 diu bed boh
 home
nd
b o
d. Fo
 he commencemen of he
ye
C
iu C
nuleiu,  ibune of he people, p opoed
l
w conce ning
he ine m
i
ge of he p
 ici
n
nd common; by which he p
 ici
n
conide ed h
 hei blood would be con
min
ed,
nd he p ivilege of
bi h would be confounded;
nd
hin
 fi  lighly uggeed by he
 ibune, h
 i hould be l
wful h
 one of he conul hould be
eleced f om he common,
fe w
d p oceeded o f
, h
 he nine
 ibune p opoed
bill, "h
 he people hould h
ve he powe of
elecing he conul, whehe hey wihed, f om he common o he
p
 ici
n. Bu hey hough h
 if h
 we e done, he up eme

uho iy would no only be h

ed wih he lowe
n, bu be wholly

nfe ed f om he nobiliy o he common. Wih joy he efo e he
p
 ici
n he
d h
 he people of A de
h
d evoled in coneuence of
he injuice of he 
ing
w
y hei l
nd,
nd h
 he Veieni
n h
d
l
id w
e he f onie  of he Rom
n e io y,
nd h
 he Volci
n

nd u
n mu mu ed on
ccoun of he fo ifying of Ve
go; o much did
hey p efe
n unucceful w
o
n ignominiou pe
ce." Thee iding
he efo e being eceived
nd wih ex
gge
ion, in o de h
 du ing
he din of o m
ny w
 he  ibunii
n p oceeding migh be upended,
hey o de he levie o be held, p ep

ion o be m
de fo w

nd

m wih he umo

civiy; wih mo e ene gy, if poible, h
n h
d
been ued in he conulhip of Tiu Quiniu. Then C
iu C
nuleiu
decl
ed
loud in b ief e m in he en
e, h
 "he conul wihed in
v
in o dive  he common f om
enion o he new l
w; h
 hey
neve hould hold
levee while he lived, befo e he common h
d fi 

ified he l
w p opoed by him
nd hi colle
gue;"
nd he in
nly
ummoned hem o
n
embly.
2. Boh he conul incied he en
e
g
in he  ibune,
nd he
 ibune he people
g
in he conul
 one
nd he 
me ime. The
conul denied "h
  ibunii
n f enzie could
ny longe be endu ed;
h
 hey we e now come o
c ii; h
 mo e hoiliie we e being
i ed up
 home h
n
b o
d. Th
 hi h
ppened no mo e h ough he
f
ul of he common h
n of he p
 ici
n; no mo e h ough h
 of
he  ibune h
n of he conul. Th
 he m
e fo which he e w


ew
d in he 
e h ived
lw
y wih he g e
e p oficiency; h

hu i w
 h
 men bec
me me io iou in pe
ce, hu in w
. Th


Rome he highe ew
d w
 fo ediion; h
 h
d eve been he ou ce
of honou boh o individu
l
nd o collecive bodie. They hould
emembe in wh
 condiion hey h
d eceived he m
jey of he en
e
f om hei fo ef
he , in wh
 condiion hey we e
bou o 
nmi i
o hei child en; h
, lie he common, hey hould h
ve i in hei
powe o bo
 h
 i w
 imp oved in deg ee
nd in plendou . Th

he e w
 no end, no would he e be, o long
 he p omoe  of
ediion we e ew
ded wih honou in p opo ion
 ediion w

ucceful. Wh

nd how impo 
n cheme C
iu C
nuleiu h
d e on
foo! h
 he w
 in oducing confounding of f
mily
n,
diu b
nce
of he
upice boh public
nd p iv
e, h
 nohing m
y em
in pu e,
nohing uncon
min
ed; h
,
ll diincion being
bolihed, no one
migh now eihe himelf o hoe he belonged o. Fo wh
 ohe
endency h
d hoe p omicuou ine m
i
ge, excep h
 ine cou e
beween common
nd p
 ici
n migh be m
de common
fe he m
nne of
wild be
; o h
 of he offp ing e
ch m
y be igno
n of wh
 blood
he m
y be, of wh
 fo m of eligion he w
; h
 he m
y belong h
lf o
he p
 ici
n, h
lf o he common, no being homogeneou even wih
himelf? Th
 i
ppe
ed no enough, h

ll hing divine
nd hum
n
hould be confounded; h
 hoe diu be  of he common people we e
now p ep
ing o (eize) he conulhip;
nd fi  h
 hey ounded

people' enimen in me e conve 

ion on he p ojec of h
ving one
conul
ppoined f om he common; h
 now he p opoiion w
 b ough
fo w
d, h
 he people m
y
ppoin he conul, whehe hey ple
ed
f om he p
 ici
n o f om he people;
nd h
 hey would
ppoin no
doub eve y mo u bulen pe on. The C
nuleii, he efo e,
nd he
Icilii would be conul. (They exp eed
hope) h
 Jupie , he be

nd g e
e, would no uffe he impe i
l m
jey of he ove eign
powe o decend o h
;
nd h
 hey would ce 
inly die
hou
nd
de
h
he h
n uch
dig
ce hould be incu ed. They we e ce 
in
h
 hei
nceo , could hey h
ve divined h
 he common would
become no mo e pl
c
ble o hem, bu mo e in
c
ble, by m
ing
ucceive dem
nd ill mo e un e
on
ble,
fe hey h
d ob
ined he
fi , would h
ve
he ubmied o
ny  uggle, h
n h
ve uffe ed
uch l
w o be 
ddled on hem. Bec
ue i w
 hen conceded o hem
wih epec o  ibune, he conceion w
 m
de
econd ime. The e
w
 no end o i;  ibune of he common
nd p
 ici
n could no
ubi in he 
me 
e; eihe he one o de o he ohe office mu
be
bolihed;
nd h

op hould be pu o p eumpion
nd eme iy

he l
e h
n neve . (W
 i igh) h
 hey, by owing dico d,
hould wih impuniy i up he neighbou ing 
e
g
in u?
nd
hen p even he 
e f om
ming
nd defending ielf
g
in hoe
evil which hey m
y h
ve b ough on u?
nd
fe hey h
ve
lmo en
fo he enemy, no uffe he
mie o be levied
g
in he enemie?
Bu C
nuleiu m
y h
ve he
ud
ciy o decl
e openly in he en
e
h
, unle he p
 ici
n uffe he l
w p opoed by himelf

vico iou, o be en
ced, he would p even he levy f om being held.
Wh
 ele w
 hi, bu h e
ening h
 he would be
y hi coun y;
h
 he would uffe i o be

ced
nd c
pu ed? Wh
 cou
ge would
h
 exp eion
ffo d, no o he Rom
n common, bu o he Volci
n,
u
n,
nd he Veieni
n! would hey no hope h
, unde he
gene
lhip of C
nuleiu, hey hould be
ble o c
le he C
piol
nd
ci
del, if wih he dep iv
ion of p ivilege
nd m
jey, he  ibune
hould ob he p
 ici
n of hei cou
ge
lo? Th
 he conul we e
p ep
ed o
c
g
in he wiced cheme of hei coun ymen, befo e
hey would
c
g
in he
m of he enemy."
3. Ju when hee m
e  we e going on in he en
e, C
nuleiu hu
decl
imed in f
vou of hi l
w
nd
g
in he conul: "F euenly
even befo e now I hin I h
ve obe ved how much he p
 ici
n depied
you, Rom
n, how unwo hy hey deemed you o dwell in he one ciy
nd
wihin he 
me w
ll wih hem; bu on he p een occ
ion mo
cle
ly, in hei h
ving ien up o dee minedly in oppoiion o hoe
p opoiion of ou : in which wh
 ele do we do, bu emind hem h

we
e hei fellow ciizen,
nd h
 hough we poe no he 
me
powe , we inh
bi he 
me ciy? In he one we dem
nd ine m
i
ge,

hing which i uu
lly g
ned o neighbou 
nd fo eigne : we h
ve
g
ned even o v
nuihed enemie he igh of ciizenhip, which i
mo e h
n he igh of ine m
i
ge. In he ohe we p opoe nohing
new; we only ecl
im
nd dem
nd h
 which i he people'; h
 he
Rom
n people m
y confe honou  on whomoeve hey m
y ple
e. And wh

in he n
me of goodne i i fo which hey emb oil he
ven
nd e
h?
why w

lmo
n

c m
de on me ju now in he en
e? why do hey

y h
 hey will no e
in hemelve f om violence,
nd h e
en
h
 hey will inul
n office, 
c ed
nd inviol
ble? h
ll hi ciy
no longe be
ble o 
nd,
nd i he empi e
 
e, if he igh of
f ee uff
ge i g
ned o he Rom
n people, o confe he conulhip
on whomoeve hey m
y ple
e,
nd if
plebei
n, hough he m
y be
wo hy of he highe honou , i no p ecluded f om he hope of


ining h
 honou ?
nd i hi of he 
me impo , whehe

plebei
n be m
de
conul,
 if
ny one we e o p opoe
l
ve o he

on of
l
ve o be conul? Do you pe ceive in wh
 conemp you live?
hey would 
e f om you
p
icip
ion in hi ligh, if i we e
pe mied hem. Th
 you b e
he, h
 you enjoy he f
culy of peech,
h
 you poe he fo m of hum
n being, excie hei indign
ion.
N
y even,
 I hope fo me cy, hey 
y h
 i i con
y o eligion
h

plebei
n hould be m
de conul. I p
y, hough we
e no

dmied o he
nn
l, no o he commen
ie of he poniff, do we
no now even hoe hing which 
nge  now? h
 conul h
ve
ucceeded ing?
nd h
 hey poe no p ivilege, no m
jey which
w
 no fo me ly inhe en in ing? Do you uppoe h
 we eve he
d i
menioned h
 Num
Pompiliu, who no only w
 no
p
 ici
n, bu no
even
ciizen of Rome, w
 en fo f om he coun y of he 
bine by
o de of he people, wih he
pp ob
ion of he en
e,
nd h
 he w

m
de ing
 Rome? h

fe w
d Luciu T
uiniu, who w
 no only
no of Rom
n, bu no even of I
li
n ex
cion, he on of D
m

u
of Co inh,
n emig
n f om T
uinii, w
 m
de ing, even whil he
on of Ancu ill lived? h

fe him e viu Tulliu, he on of

c
pive wom
n of Co niculum, wih hi f
he unnown, hi mohe

l
ve,

ined he h one by hi
biliy
nd me i? Fo wh
 h
ll I

y of Tiu T
iu he 
bine, whom Romulu himelf, he founde of ou
ciy,
dmied ino p
ne hip of he h one? Acco dingly, whil no
cl
 of pe on i did
ined, in whom conpicuou me i m
y be found,
he Rom
n dominion inc e
ed. You do well o be di
ified now wih

plebei
n conul, when you
nceo  did
ined no fo eigne 
 ing,

nd when, even
fe he expulion of ing, he ciy w
 no hu

g
in fo eign me i. Afe he expulion of he ing, we ce 
inly

dmied he Cl
udi
n f
mily f om he 
bine coun y no only ino
ciizenhip, bu even ino he numbe of he p
 ici
n. C
n
m
n f om

fo eigne be m
de
p
 ici
n, hen
conul? h
ll
Rom
n ciizen,
if he belong o he common, be p ecluded f om
ll hope of he
conul
e? Do we hen deem i impoible h

m
n of he common c
n
be
pe on of fo iude
nd
civiy, u
lified o excel boh in pe
ce

nd w
, ye o Num
, Luciu T
uiniu,
nd e viu Tulliu? O ,
hould uch
ppe
, h
ll we no uffe him o meddle wih he helm of
gove nmen? o h
ll we h
ve conul lie he decemvi , he mo

b
ndoned of mo 
l, who we e, howeve ,
ll p
 ici
n,
he h
n
lie he be of ing, hough new men?
4. "Bu (I m
y be old) no commone h
 been conul ince he expulion
of he ing. Wh
 hen? ough no innov
ion o be in oduced?
nd wh

h
 no ye been p
cied, (
nd in
new 
e he e
e m
ny hing
no ye p
cied,) ough no even uch me
u e, even hough hey be
ueful, be
doped? Du ing he eign of Romulu he e we e no poniff,
no
ugu : hey we e
ppoined by Num
Pompiliu. The e w
 no cenu
in he 
e, no he di ibuion of cenu ie
nd cl
e; i w

in oduced by e viu Tulliu: he e neve h
d been conul; hey we e
c e
ed
fe he expulion of he ing. Of
dic
o neihe he
office no he n
me h
d exied; i commenced i exience
mong he
en
o . The e we e no  ibune of he people, dile, no uo : i
w
 eolved h
 hoe office  hould be
ppoined. Wihin he l

en ye
 we boh c e
ed decemvi  fo compiling l
w,
nd we
bolihed
hem. Who c
n doub bu h
 in
ciy doomed fo ee n
l du
ion,
inc e
ing o
n immene m
gniude, new civil office, p iehood,
igh of f
milie
nd of individu
l, m
y be e
blihed? Thi ve y
m
e , h
 he e hould no be he igh of ine m
i
ge beween
p
 ici
n
nd common, did no he decemvi  in oduce wihin he l

few ye
 o he umo inju y of he common, on
p inciple mo
de imen
l o he public? C
n he e be
g e
e o mo e m
ed inul,
h
n h
 one po ion of he 
e,
 if con
min
ed, hould be deemed
unwo hy of ine m
i
ge? Wh
 ele i i h
n o uffe exile wihin

he 
me w
ll,
cu
l uic
ion? They wih o p even ou being mixed
wih hem by
ffiniy o con
nguiniy; h
 ou blood be no mingled
wih hei . Wh
? if hi c


in on h
 nobiliy of you , which
mo of you, he p ogeny of Alb
n o 
bine, poe, no in igh of
bi h o blood, bu by co-op
ion ino he p
 ici
n, h
ving been
eleced eihe by he ing, o
fe he expulion of ing, by o de
of he people, could ye no eep i pu e by p iv
e egul
ion, by
neihe m
ying ino he common,
nd by no uffe ing you d
ughe 
o ie  o m
y ou of he p
 ici
n. No one of he common would
offe violence o
p
 ici
n m
iden; uch lu
 h
 belong o he
p
 ici
n. None of hem would oblige
ny m
n
g
in hi will o ene
ino
m
i
ge con
c. Bu e
lly h
 uch
hing hould be
p evened by l
w, h
 he ine m
i
ge of he p
 ici
n
nd plebei
n
hould be ine diced, h
 i i which i inuling o he common. Why
do you no combine in en
cing
l
w h
 he e h
ll be no
ine m
i
ge beween ich
nd poo ? Th
 which h
 in
ll pl
ce
nd

lw
y been he buine of p iv
e egul
ion, h

wom
n migh
m
y ino wh
eve f
mily he h
 been eng
ged o,
nd h
 e
ch m
n
migh 
e
wife ou of wh
eve f
mily he h
d con
ced wih, h
 ye
h
cle wih he e
in of
mo y
nnic
l l
w, by which ye eve
he bond of civil ociey
nd pli one 
e ino wo. Why do ye no
en
c
l
w h

plebei
n h
ll no dwell in he neighbou hood of

p
 ici
n? h
 he h
ll no go he 
me o
d wih him? h
 he h
ll
no ene he 
me b
nue wih him? h
 he h
ll no 
nd in he 
me
fo um? Fo wh
 ele i he e in he m
e , if
p
 ici
n m
n wed

plebei
n wom
n, o
plebei
n
p
 ici
n? Wh
 igh, p
y, i he eby
ch
nged? he child en u ely go wih he f
he . No i he e
ny hing
which we ee f om ine m
i
ge wih you, excep h
 we m
y be held in
he numbe of hum
n being
nd fellow ciizen; no i he e
ny e
on
why ye cone he poin, excep h
 i deligh you o  ive fo
inul
nd ignominy o u.
5. "In
wo d, whehe i he up eme powe belonging o he Rom
n
people, o i i you ? Whehe by he expulion of ing h
 dominion
been
cui ed fo you o eu
l libe y fo
ll? I i fiing h
 he
Rom
n people hould be
llowed o en
c
l
w, if i ple
e. O will ye
dec ee
levy by w
y of punihmen,
cco ding
 e
ch bill h
ll be
p opoed?
nd
 oon
 I,
  ibune, h
ll begin o c
ll he  ibe
o give hei voe, will you, fo hwih,
 conul, fo ce he younge
men o 
e he mili
y o
h,
nd le
d hem ou o c
mp?
nd will you
h e
en he common? will you h e
en he  ibune? Wh
, if you h
d
no
l e
dy wice expe ienced how lile hoe h e

v
iled
g
in
he unied ene of he people? Of cou e i w
 bec
ue you wihed o
conul fo ou ine e, h
 you
b
ined f om fo ce. O w
 he e no
cone fo hi e
on, h
 he p
y which w
 he  onge w

lo
he mo e mode
e? No will he e be
ny cone now, Rom
n: hey will
 y you pi i; you  engh hey will no m
e  i
l of. Whe efo e,
conul, he common
e p ep
ed o
ccomp
ny you o hee w
,
whehe e
l o ficiiou, if, by eo ing he igh of ine m
i
ge,
you
 lengh m
e hi one 
e; if hey c
n co
lece, be unied
nd
mixed wih you by p iv
e ie; if he hope, if he
cce o honou 
be g
ned o men of
biliy
nd ene gy; if i i l
wful o be in

p
ne hip
nd h
e of he gove nmen; if, wh
 i he eul of eu
l
f eedom, i be
llowed in he di ibuion of he
nnu
l office o obey

nd o gove n in hei u n. If
ny one h
ll ob uc hee me
u e,

l
bou w
, muliply hem by epo ; no one will give in hi n
me,
no one will 
e up
m, no one will figh fo h
ughy m
e , wih
whom he e i no p
icip
ion of honou  in public, no of
ine m
i
ge in p iv
e."

6. When boh he conul c

me fo w
d ino he
embly,
nd he m
e
h
d ch
nged f om
long e ie of h

ngue o
le c
ion, he  ibune,
on
ing why i w
 no igh h

plebei
n hould be m
de
conul,

n
nwe w
 eu ned  uly pe h
p, hough by no me
n expedienly fo
he p een cone, "h
 no plebei
n could h
ve he
upice,
nd fo
hi e
on he decemvi  h
d p ohibied he ine m
i
ge, le f om
unce 
iny of decen he
upice migh be vii
ed." The common we e
fi ed wih indign
ion
 hi
bove
ll, bec
ue,
 if h
eful o he
immo 
l god, hey we e denied o be u
lified o 
e
upice. And
now (
 he common boh h
d
mo ene geic uppo e in he  ibune,

nd hey hemelve vied wih him in pe eve

nce) he e w
 no end of
he conenion, unil he p
 ici
n, being
 lengh ove powe ed,

g eed h
 he l
w eg
ding ine m
i
ge hould be p
ed, judging
h
 by hee me
n mo p ob
bly he  ibune would eihe give up

logehe o popone ill

fe he w
he ueion conce ning he
plebei
n conul;
nd h
 in he me
n ime he common, conen wih
he ine m
i
ge-l
w (being p
ed,) would be e
dy o enli. When
C
nuleiu w
 now in high epue by hi vico y ove he p
 ici
n
nd
by he f
vou of he common, he ohe  ibune being excied o
conend fo hei bill, e o wo  wih
ll hei migh,
nd, he

ccoun eg
ding he w

ugmening d
ily, ob uc he levy. The
conul, when nohing could be 
n
ced h ough he en
e in
coneuence of he oppoiion of he  ibune, held meeing of he
le
ding men
 hei own houe. I w
 becoming eviden h
 hey mu
concede he vico y eihe o he enemie o o hei coun ymen.
V
le iu
nd Ho
iu
lone of he conul
 did no
end he
meeing. The opinion of C
iu Cl
udiu w
 fo
ming he conul

g
in he  ibune. The enimen of he Quinii, boh Cincinn
u

nd C
piolinu, we e
ve e o bloodhed,
nd o viol
ing (pe on)
whom by he  e
y concluded wih he common hey h
d
dmied o be

c ed
nd inviol
ble. Th ough hee meeing he m
e w
 b ough o
hi, h
 hey uffe ed  ibune of he oldie  wih conul

uho iy o be eleced f om he p

 ici
n
nd common wihou
diincion; h
 wih epec o he elecion of conul no ch
nge
hould be m
de;
nd wih hi he  ibune we e conen,
 we e
lo
he common. An
embly i now p ocl
imed fo elecing h ee  ibune
wih conul
powe . Thi being p ocl
imed, fo hwih whoeve h
d
con ibued o p omoe ediion by wo d o deed, mo e p
icul
ly men
who h
d been  ibune, beg
n o olici uppo 
nd o bule
bou he
fo um
 c
ndid
e; o h
 dep
i , in he fi  in
nce, of
ob
ining he honou , by e
on of he i i
ed 
e of he people'
mind, hen indign
ion
 h
ving o hold he office wih uch pe on,
dee ed he p
 ici
n;
 lengh howeve , being fo ced, hey ood

c
ndid
e, le hey migh
ppe
o h
ve elinuihed
ll h
e in he
gove nmen. The eul of hi elecion howed h
 he enimen of
pe on in he  uggle fo libe y
nd digniy
e diffe en f om hoe
hey feel when he cone i l
id
ide, he judgmen being unbi
ed;
fo he people eleced
ll p
 ici
n
  ibune, conen wih hi,
h
 he plebei
n h
d been 
en ino
ccoun. Whe e could you now find
in
n individu
l uch mode
ion, diine eedne,
nd elev
ion of
mind,
 w
 hen dipl
yed by he eni e people?
7. In he h ee hund ed
nd enh ye

fe he ciy of Rome w
 buil,
fo he fi  ime mili
y  ibune in he oom of conul ene ino
office, Aulu emp oniu A
inu, Luciu Ailiu, Tiu Clliu; in
whoe office he conco d p ev
iling
 home
ffo ded pe
ce
lo
b o
d.
The e
e ome who, wihou menioning he p opo
l of he l
w
conce ning he elecion of conul f om
mong he common, 
y h

h ee mili
y  ibune we e eleced on
ccoun of he Veieni
n w

being
dded o he w
of he u
n
nd he Volci
n
nd o he evol

of he A de
e, bec
ue wo conul could no execue o m
ny w

ogehe , hee  ibune being inveed
lo wih he
uho iy
nd
inigni
of conul. The ju idicion of h
 office howeve did no

nd on
fi m fooing, bec
ue he hi d monh
fe hey ene ed on
he office, hey eigned he honou , in pu u
nce of
dec ee of he

ugu ,
 if unduly eleced; bec
ue C
iu Cu iu, who h
d p eided

he elecion, h
d no eleced hi en wih due eg
d o ce emony.
Amb

do  c
me o Rome f om A de
compl
ining of he injuice in uch

m
nne , h
 i
ppe
ed h
, if i we e ed eed, hey would
coninue in
miy
nd he obe v
nce of he  e
y, on he eiuion
of hei l
nd. The
nwe eu ned by he en
e w
: "h
 he judgmen
of he people could no be ecinded by he en
e, beide uch

me
u e could no be
doped on p eceden o wih juice;,

n

ddiion
l e
on
lo fo he pu poe of p ee ving conco d beween he
eve
l o de  of he 
e. If he A de
n we e willing o
bide

e
on
ble conjuncu e,
nd le
ve o he en
e he mode of ed eing
he injuice done o hem, h
 he coneuence would be h
 hey
would ejoice fo h
ving mode
ed hei eenmen,
nd h
 hey
hould be convinced h
 he p
 ici
n we e eu
lly
nxiou h
 no
injuice hould
ie
g
in hem,
nd h

ny which m
y h
ve
ien
hould no be l
ing." Thu he
mb

do , 
ying h
 hey hould
l
y he whole m
e
new befo e hei f iend, we e dimied
cou eouly. The p
 ici
n, now h
 he epublic w
 wihou
ny
cu ule m
gi
e,
embled ogehe
nd eleced
n ine ex. The
cone whehe conul o mili
y  ibune hould be eleced, ep he
m
e fo eve
l d
y in

e of ine egnum. The ine ex
nd
en
e  ive h
 he elecion of conul be held; he  ibune of he
people,
nd he people hemelve, h
 elecion of he mili
y
 ibune be held. The p
 ici
n ucceeded, bec
ue boh he common,
u e o confe he one o he ohe honou on p
 ici
n, g
ve up

needle cone,
nd he le
de  of he common p efe ed hoe
elecion
 which no
ccoun w
 o be 
en of hem (
 c
ndid
e) o
hoe
 which hey hould be p
ed by
 unwo hy. The  ibune of he
common
lo g
ve up he cone wihou
deciion,

complimen o
he chief of he p
 ici
n. Tiu Quiniu B
b
u, he ine ex,
elec conul Luciu P
pi iu Mugill
nu, Luciu emp oniu A
inu.
Du ing hei conulhip, he  e
y w
 enewed wih he A de
n;
nd
h
 i
eco d o p ove, h
 hey we e conul in h
 ye
, hough
hey
e no o be found
mong he
ncien
nn
l, no in he boo of
he m
gi
e. I uppoe bec
ue mili
y  ibune exied
 he
commencemen of he ye
, on h

ccoun, hough hee conul we e
ubiued, he n
me of he conul we e lef ou, ju
 if he
mili
y  ibune we e he eni e ye
in office. Liciniu M
ce 
e,
h
 hey we e found boh in he A de
n  e
y
nd in he linen boo

he emple of Mone
. The e w
 
nuilliy boh
 home
nd
b o
d,
hough o m
ny
l
m we e held ou by he neighbou ing 
e.
8. Thi ye
(whehe i h
d  ibune only, o conul ubiued in
he oom of  ibune) i followed by
ye
when he e we e undoubedly
conul, cil. M
cu Geg
niu M
ce inu
econd ime, Tiu Quiniu
C
piolinu
fifh ime. Thi 
me ye
w
 he commencemen of he
ceno hip,
hing which
oe f om
n humble o igin, which
fe w
d
inc e
ed o much in impo 
nce, h
 in i w
 veed he egul
ion of
he mo
l
nd dicipline of Rome, he en
e
nd he cenu ie of he
nigh, he diincion of honou
nd of ignominy we e unde he w
y
of h
 office, he leg
l igh o public
nd p iv
e pl
ce, he
evenue of he Rom
n people fell unde hei bec
nd ju idicion. The
iniuion of he hing o igin
ed in hi, h
 he people no h
ving
been ubjeced o
u vey fo eve
l ye
, he cenu could neihe
be defe ed, no h
d he conul leiu e o dich
ge hei duy, when

w
 impended f om o m
ny 
e. An obe v
ion w
 m
de by he
en
e, "h

n office l
bo iou in ielf,
nd one lile uied o
he conul
office, eui ed
m
gi
e fo ielf, o whoe

uho iy hould be ubmied he duie of he eve

l c ibe, he
cuody
nd c
e of he eco d,
 well
 he
djumen of he fo m
o be
doped in he cenu." And inconide
ble hough he p opo
l
migh be, ill he en
e eceived i wih g e
 ple
u e, bec
ue i
inc e
ed he numbe of p
 ici
n m
gi
e in he 
e, judging
lo
h
 h
 would come o p
, which e
lly did occu , viz. h
 he
influence of hoe who hould p eide,
nd he honou of he office
would de ive on i
ddiion
l
uho iy
nd digniy. The  ibune
lo,
conide ing he dich
ge of he duy (
 w
 e
lly he c
e)

nece
y
he h
n he duy ielf,
 being
ended wih lu e,
did no indeed offe oppoiion, le hey hould h ough pe ve ene
how
dipoiion o hw
 hem even in  ifle. Afe he honou w

ejeced by he le
ding men of he 
e, he people by hei uff
ge

ppoined o he office of conducing he cenu P

pi iu
nd
emp oniu, conce ning whoe conul
e doub
e ene 
ined, h
 in
h
 m
gi
cy hey migh h
ve ome ecompence fo he incompleene
of hei conul
e. They we e c
lled ceno  f om he n
u e of hei
office.
9. Whil hee m
e 
e 
n
cing
 Rome,
mb

do  come f om
A de
, implo ing
id fo hei ciy, which w
 ne
ly de oyed, in
conide
ion of hei ve y
ncien
lli
nce,
nd of he  e
y ecenly
enewed. Fo by ineine w
 hey we e no
llowed o enjoy he pe
ce
wih Rome, which hey h
d by he ounde policy p ee ved; he c
ue

nd o igin of which i 
id o h
ve
ien f om
 uggle beween
f
cion; which h
ve p oved
nd eve will p ove mo e
c
ue of
de ucion o eve
l 
e, h
n fo eign w
, f
mine, o die
e, o

ny of he ohe evil which men efe o he

nge of he
ven,
 he
eve e of public c
l
miie. Two young men cou ed
m
iden of

plebei
n f
mily, highly diinguihed fo be
uy: one of hem on
level
wih he m
id in poin of bi h,
nd f
vou ed by he gu
di
n, who we e
hemelve of he 
me
n; he ohe of noble bi h, c
piv
ed by
nohing bu he be
uy. The l
e w

ided by he good wihe of he
noble, h ough which p
y dipue m
de hei w
y even ino he gi l'
f
mily. The noblem
n w
 p efe ed in he judgmen of he mohe , who
w

nxiou h
 he d
ughe hould h
ve he mo plendid m
ch
poible: he gu
di
n, mindful of p
y even in h
 
n
cion,
 ove fo he pe on of hei own o de . A he m
e could no be
eled wihin he w
ll of he houe, hey p oceeded o
cou  of
juice. On he
ing he cl
im of he mohe
nd of he gu
di
n, he
m
gi
e decide he igh of m
i
ge in confo miy wih he wih of
he mohe . Bu violence w
 he mo e powe ful. Fo he gu
di
n,
h
ving h

ngued openly in he fo um
mong pe on of hei own f
cion,
on he injuice of he dec ee, colleced
p
y
nd c
y off he gi l
f om he mohe ' houe:
g
in whom
body of noble h
ving
ien
mo e incened h
n befo e,
end he young m
n ende ed fu iou by he
ou
ge. A depe
e b
le 
e pl
ce; he common in no epec lie
o he Rom
n common we e wo ed,
nd h
ving e ou f om he ciy in

m,
nd 
en poeion of
hill, m
e excu ion ino he l
nd of
he noble wih fi e
nd wo d. The ciy oo, which h
d been p eviouly
f ee f om
ll cone, hey e
bou beieging, h
ving induced, by he
hope of plunde ,
muliude of
i
n o join hem: no w

ny

ppe

nce o c
l
miy of w

ben;
 if he whole 
e we e
infeed by he m
d
ge of he wo young men, who ough he

ccomplihmen of he f


l m
ch h ough hei coun y' uin. The
m

nd w

 home eemed inufficien o boh p
ie. The noble c
lled
in he Rom
n o he elief of hei beieged ciy; he common c
lled

upon he Volci

n o join hem in o ming A de
. The Volci
n, unde
he comm
nd of Clliu,
n u
n, c
me fi  o A de
,
nd d ew
line
of ci cumv
ll
ion
ound he enemy' w
ll. When new of hi w

b ough o Rome, M
cu Geg
niu, he conul, h
ving e ou immedi
ely

 he he
d of
n
my, eleced
pl
ce fo hi c
mp
bou h ee mile
f om he enemy;
nd he d
y being now f
 declining, he o de  hi
oldie  o ef eh hemelve; hen
 he fou h w
ch he pu hi
 oop in moion;
nd he wo , once commenced, w
 expedied in uch

m
nne , h

 un- ie he Volci
n found hemelve encloed by he
Rom
n wih  onge wo  h
n he ciy w
 by hemelve. The conul
h
d
lo

nohe pl
ce conneced
n
m o he w
ll of A de
, h ough
which hi f iend migh p
 o
nd f om he own.
10. The Volci
n gene
l, who up o h
 pe iod h
d m
in
ined hi
my,
no ou of p oviion which h
d been p eviouly p ovided, bu wih co n
b ough in d
ily f om he plunde of he coun y, when now encomp
ed
by

mp
 he pe ceive himelf uddenly deiue of eve y hing,
c
lling he conul o
confe ence, 
y, h
 "if he Rom
n c
me fo
he pu poe of
iing he iege, he would wihd
w he Volci
n f om
hence." To hi he conul m
de
nwe , h
 "he v
nuihed h
d o

ccep e m, no o dic

e hem;
nd
 he Volci
n c
me
 hei
own dic eion o

c he
llie of he Rom
n people, hey hould no
go off in he 
me 
me w
y." He o de , "h
 hei gene
l be given
up, hei
m l
id down,
cnowledging hemelve v
nuihed,
nd e
dy
o ubmi o hi fu he o de : ohe wie, whehe hey wen
w
y o

yed, h
 he would p ove
dee mined enemy,
nd would p efe o
c
y o Rome
vico y ove he Volci
n h
n
n inidiou pe
ce."
The Volci
n, dee mined on  ying he lende hope hey h
d in
m,

ll ohe being now cu off, beide m

ny ohe di
dv
n
ge, h
ving
come o
n eng
gemen in
pl
ce unf
vou
ble fo fighing,
nd ill
mo e o fo e e
, when hey we e being cu down on eve y ide, f om
fighing h
ve ecou e o en e
ie; h
ving given up hei gene
l
nd
u ende ed hei
m, hey
e en unde he yoe
nd dimied full
of dig
ce
nd uffe ing, wih one g
men e
ch. And when hey h
led
no f
f om he ciy of Tuculum, in coneuence of
n old g udge of
he Tucul
n hey we e u p ied, un
med
 hey we e,
nd uffe ed
eve e punihmen,
meenge being c
cely lef o b ing
n
ccoun
of hei defe
. The Rom
n gene
l uieed he diu bed 
e of

ff
i 
 A de
, behe
ding he p incip
l
uho  of h
 commoion,
nd
confic
ing hei effec o he public  e
u y of he A de
n; he
A de
n conide ed he injuice of he deciion compleely ep
i ed by
uch indne on he p
 of he Rom
n people; i eemed o he en
e,
howeve , h
 omehing em
ined o be done o oblie
e he
ememb
nce of public
v
ice. The conul eu n o he ciy in
 iumph, Clliu, he gene
l of he Volci
n, being led befo e hi
ch
io,
nd he poil being c
ied befo e him, of which he h
d
 ipped he enemy'
my
fe he h
d en hem unde he yoe.
Quiniu he conul, by hi civil
dmini
ion, eu
lled, which i no
e
y m
e , he glo y

ined by hi colle
gue in w
; fo he o
egul
ed he domeic c
e of h
mony
nd pe
ce, by dipening juice
wih mode
ion o he highe
nd he lowe, h
 boh he p
 ici
n
conide ed him
 ic conul,
nd he common,
 one ufficienly
lenien. Ag
in he  ibune oo he c
ied hi me
u e mo e by hi
influence h
n by  iving
g
in hem. Five conulhip conduced wih
he 
me even eno of conduc,
nd eve y p
 of hi life being p
ed
in
m
nne wo hy of he conul
digniy, ende ed himelf
lmo mo e
vene
ble h
n he high office ielf. On hi
ccoun no menion w

m
de of he mili
y  ibune du ing hi conul
e.
11. They
ppoin
 conul M
cu F
biu Vibul
nu, Publiu buiu

Co nicen. F
biu
nd buiu, he conul, in
much
 hey pe ceived
h
 hey ucceeded o
g e
e glo y of
chievemen pe fo med
 home

nd
b o
d, (he ye
w
 ende ed p
icul
ly em

ble
mong he
neighbou ing 
e, boh f iendly
nd hoile, bec
ue elief h
d been

ffo ded o he A de

n in hei pe ilou iu
ion wih o much ze
l,)
he mo e  enuouly exe ed hemelve in ob
ining
dec ee of he
en
e, h
 hey migh compleely eff
ce he inf
my of he deciion
f om he memo y of men, o he effec h
 ince he 
e of he
A de
n h
d been educed o
few by ineine w
,
colony hould be
en hihe

p oecion
g
in he Volci
n. Thi i wh
 w


ed publicly on he 
ble, h
 he inenion ene 
ined of
ecinding he deciion migh ec
pe he nowledge of he common
nd
 ibune. Bu hey h
d
g eed h
,
much g e
e numbe of Ruuli
n
coloni being en olled h
n of Rom
n, no l
nd hould be di ibued,
excep h
 which h
d been ine ceped by he inf
mou deciion;
nd
h
 no
od of i hould be
igned o
ny Rom
n, unil
ll he
Ruuli
n h
d h
d hei h
e. In hi w
y he l
nd eu ned o he
A de
n. The commiione 
ppoined o 
npl
n he colony o A de

we e Ag ipp
Meneniu, Tiu Clliu iculu,
nd M
cu buiu Elv
.
When hey, in he dich
ge of hei by no me
n popul
office, h
d
given offence o he common by
igning o he
llie he l
nd which
he Rom
n people h
d decided o be hei own,
nd we e no even much
uppo ed by he p
 ici
n, bec
ue hey h
d no defe ed in
ny w
y o
he influence of
ny one,
d
y h
ving been
ppoined fo hem by he
 ibune o
ppe
befo e he people, hey ec
ped
ll vex
iou

nnoy
nce by en olling hemelve
 ele 
nd em
ining in he
colony, which hey now h
d

eimony of hei ineg iy
nd
juice.
12. The e w
 pe
ce
 home
nd
b o
d boh hi
nd he following ye
,
C
iu Fu iu P
cilu
nd M
cu P
pi iu C
u being conul. The
g
me which h
d been vowed by he decemvi , in pu u
nce of
dec ee of
he en
e on occ
ion of he eceion of he common f om he
p
 ici
n, we e pe fo med hi ye
. An occ
ion fo ediion w

ough in v
in by Peliu, who, h
ving been m
de
 ibune of he
common
econd ime, by denouncing hee 
me h e
, could neihe
p ev
il on he conul o ubmi o he en
e he ueion conce ning
he diviion of he l
nd
mong he people;
nd when,
fe
h
d
 uggle, he h
d ucceeded o f
h
 he p
 ici
n hould be
conuled
 o whehe i w
 hei ple
u e h

n elecion hould be
held of conul o of  ibune, conul we e o de ed o be eleced;
nd
he men
ce of he  ibune we e now l
ughed
, when he h e
ened h

he would op he levy, in
much
 he neighbou ing 
e being now
uie, he e w
 no occ
ion eihe fo w
o fo p ep

ion fo w
.
Thi 
nuil 
e of hing i followed by
ye
, in which P oculu
Geg
niu M
ce inu, Luciu Meneniu L
n
u we e conul, em

ble fo

v
iey of di
e 
nd d
nge ,
lo fo diu b
nce, f
mine, fo
hei h
ving
lmo ubmied hei nec o he yoe of
bi
y powe
h ough he
llu emen of l
gee. Fo eign w

lone w
 w
ning, by
which if m
e  h
d been
gg
v
ed, hey could c
cely h
ve ood ou

g
in hem by he
id of
ll he god. Thei mifo une beg
n wih
f
mine; whehe i w
 h
 he e
on w
 unf
vou
ble o he c op, o
h
 he culiv
ion of he l
nd w
 elinuihed fo he
llu emen of
he ciy,
nd of public h

ngue; fo boh c
ue
e
igned. And he
p
 ici
n
ccued he common
 being idle; he  ibune of he
common compl
ined omeime of he f
ud,
 ohe ime of he
negligence of he conul. A lengh he common p ev
iled, wihou
oppoiion on he p
 of he en
e, h
 Luciu Minuiu hould be

ppoined p eiden of he m

e; doomed o be mo e ucceful in h

office in p ee ving libe y h
n in he dich
ge of hi own peculi

p ovince:
lhough in he end he bo e
w
y he well-e
ned g
iude of
he people
 well
 he glo y of h
ving lowe ed he p ice of
p oviion. When he h
d m
de bu ligh
dv
nce in elieving he m
e
by ending emb
ie
ound he neighbou ing 
e by l
nd
nd e
o
no pu poe, excep h

n inconide
ble u
niy of co n w
 impo ed
f om E u i
,
nd
pplying himelf o he c
eful dipen
ion of hei
c
ny oc, by obliging pe on o how hei upply,
nd o ell
wh
eve w
 ove
nd
bove
monh' p oviion,
nd by dep iving he
l
ve of one h
lf of hei d
ily
llow
nce; hen by cenu ing
nd
holding up o he eenmen of he people he co n-ho
de , he
he
dicove ed he g e
 c
ciy of g
in h
n elieved i by hi igo ou
inuiiion. M
ny of he common,
ll hope being lo,
he h
n be
o u ed by d
gging ou exience, muffled up hei he
d
nd
p ecipi
ed hemelve ino he Tibe .
13. Then pu iu Mliu, of he eue i
n o de , ex emely ich
conide ing hee ime, e
bou
p ojec ueful in ielf, bu
h
ving
mo pe niciou endency,
nd
ill mo e pe niciou moive.
Fo h
ving, by he
i
nce of hi f iend
nd clien, bough up co n
f om E u i

 hi p iv
e expene, (which ve y ci cum
nce, I hin,
h
d been
n impedimen in he ende
vou o educe he p ice of co n by
he exe ion of he 
e,) he e
bou giving ou l
gee of co n:

nd h
ving won ove he common by hi munificence, he d ew hem wih
him whe eve he wen, conpicuou
nd coneueni
l beyond he
n of

p iv
e ciizen, inu ing o him
 undoubed he conulhip by he
f
vou (hey m
nifeed ow
d him)
nd he hope (hey excied in
him.) He himelf,
 he mind of m
n i no o be 
i
ed wih h

which fo une hold ou he hope of, beg
n o
pi e o hing ill
highe ,
nd
logehe unw

n
ble;
nd ince even he conulhip
would h
ve o be 
en f om he p
 ici
n
g
in hei will, he beg
n
o e hi mind on ingly powe ;--h
 h
 would be he only p ize
wo hy of uch g
nd deign
nd of he  uggle which would h
ve o be
endu ed. The conul
elecion we e now coming on, which ci cum
nce
de oyed him compleely, hi pl
n being no ye

nged o
ufficienly m
u ed. Tiu Quiniu C
piolinu w
 eleced conul fo
he ixh ime,
m
n by no me
n well uied o
nwe he view of one
medi
ing poliic
l innov
ion: Ag ipp
Meneniu i

ched o him

colle
gue, who bo e he cognomen of L
n
u:
nd Luciu Minuiu

p eiden of he m
e, whehe he w
 e-eleced, o c e
ed fo
n
indefinie pe iod,
 long
 ci cum
nce hould eui e; fo he e i
nohing ce 
in in he m
e , excep hi, hi n
me w
 ene ed

p eiden in he linen boo
mong he m
gi
e fo boh ye
. He e
Minuciu, conducing he 
me office in
public c
p
ciy which Mliu
h
d unde 
en o conduc in
p iv
e ch

ce , he 
me cl
 of
pe on f euening he houe of boh, h
ving
ce 
ined he m
e ,
l
y i befo e he en
e, "h

m we e collecing in he houe of
Mliu,
nd h
 he held
emblie in hi houe:
nd h
 hi deign
we e unueion
bly ben on eg
l dominion: h
 he ime fo he
execuion of he p ojec w
 no ye fixed: h

ll ohe m
e  we e
eled;
nd h
 he  ibune we e bough ove fo hi e o be
y he
public libe y,
nd h
 he eve
l p
 we e
igned o he le
de 
of he muliude. Th
 he l
id hee hing befo e hem
lmo l
e
h
n w
 conien wih 
fey, le he migh be he epo e of
ny
hing unce 
in o ill-g ounded." When hee hing we e he
d, he
chief of he p
 ici
n boh ebued he conul of he fo me ye
,
fo h
ving uffe ed hoe l
gee
nd meeing of he people o go on
in
p iv
e houe,
 well
 he new conul fo h
ving w
ied unil

m
e of uch impo 
nce hould be epo ed o he en
e by he
p eiden of he m
e, which eui ed he conul o be no only he
epo e , bu he punihe
lo; hen Tiu Quiniu 
id, "h
 he

conul we e unf
i ly cenu ed, who being fee ed by he l
w
conce ning
ppe
l, en
ced o we
en hei
uho iy, by no me
n
poeed
 much powe in hei office
 will, o punih h

p oceeding
cco ding o i
 ociy. Th
 he e w
 w
ning
m
n no
only dee mined in himelf, bu one who w
 unh
cled
nd f eed f om
he fee  of hoe l
w. Th
 he would he efo e
ppoin Luciu
Quiniu dic
o ; h
 in him he e would be
dee min
ion ui
ble
o o g e

powe ." Whil
ll
pp oved, Quiniu
 fi  efued;

nd
ed hem wh
 hey me
n, in expoing him in he ex emiy of
ge
o uch
cone. Then when hey
ll 
id h
 in h

ged mind he e
w
 no only mo e widom, bu mo e ene gy
lo, h
n in
ll he e,

nd wen on lo
ding him wih dee ved p
ie, whil he conul el
xed
no in hi o igin
l dee min
ion; Cincinn
u
 lengh h
ving p
yed
o he immo 
l god, h
 hi old
ge migh no p ove
de imen o
dig
ce o he epublic
 o d
nge ou
juncu e, i
ppoined
dic
o by he conul: he himelf hen
ppoin C
iu e viliu Ah
l

hi m
e of he ho e.
14. On he nex d
y, h
ving 
ioned p ope gu
d, when he h
d gone
down o he fo um,
nd he
enion of he common w


ced o him
by he 
ngene
nd ex
o din
y n
u e of he hing,
nd Mliu'
f iend
nd himelf hei le
de pe ceived h
 he powe of uch high

uho iy w
 di ecly
imed
 hem; when, mo eove , hoe who we e no

w
e of he deign on eg
l powe , wen on
ing, "wh
 umul, wh

udden w
, h
d c
lled fo eihe he dic
o i
l
uho iy, o
Quiniu,
fe hi eighieh ye
,
dmini
o of
ff
i ,"
e viliu, m
e of he ho e, being en by he dic
o o Mliu,

y, "The dic
o ummon you." When he, being
l
med,
ed wh
 he
me
n,
nd e viliu 
ed h
 "he mu 
nd
 i
l,"
nd
nwe he
ch
ge b ough
g
in him befo e he en
e by Minuciu, Mliu d ew
b
c ino he b
nd of hi
dhe en,
nd
 fi , looing
ound him,
he beg
n o ul off:
 lengh when he be
dle, by o de of he m
e
of he ho e, w
 b inging him off, being ecued by hoe p een,
nd
unning
w
y, he implo ed he p oecion of he Rom
n people,
nd

lleged h
 he w
 pe ecued by
conpi
cy of he p
 ici
n bec
ue
he h
d
ced indly ow
d he people: he beough hem h
 hey would

i him in hi c iic

l eme gency,
nd no uffe him o be
buche ed befo e hei eye. Ah
l
e viliu ove oo
nd lew him
whil excl
iming in hi m
nne ;
nd me
ed wih he blood of he
pe on o l
in,
nd u ounded by
body of young noble, he c
ie
b
c wo d o he dic
o h
 Mliu h
ving been ummoned o him,
nd
commencing o excie he muliude
fe he h
d epuled he be
dle, h
d
eceived condign punihmen. "Thou h

ced nobly, C
iu e viliu,"

id he dic
o , "in h
ving 
ved he epublic."
15. He hen o de ed he muliude, who we e much
gi
ed, no nowing
wh
 judgmen o fo m of he deed, o be c
lled o
n
embly:
nd he
openly decl
ed, "h
 Mliu h
d been july pu o de
h, even hough
he m
y h
ve been innocen of he ch
ge of
iming
 eg
l powe , who,
when ummoned o
end he dic
o by he m
e of he ho e, h
d no
come. Th
 he himelf h
d 
en hi e
 o ex
mine ino he c
e; h
,

fe i h
d been inveig
ed, Mliu hould h
ve me
eul
co eponding o hi dee ; h
 when employing fo ce, in o de h

he migh no commi himelf o
 i
l, he h
d been checed by fo ce.
No hould hey p oceed wih him
 wih
ciizen, who, bo n in
f ee

e
mid l
w
nd igh, in
ciy f om which he new h
 ing h
d
been expelled,
nd on he 
me ye
he on of he ing' ie
nd
he child en of he conul, he libe
o of hi coun y, h
d been pu
o de
h by hei f
he , on
plo fo e
dmiing he oy
l f
mily
ino he ciy h
ving been dicove ed, f om which Coll
inu T
uiniu

he conul, h ough

h
 ed of hi n
me, w
 o de ed o eign hi
office
nd go ino exile; in which c
pi
l punihmen w
 infliced on
pu iu C
iu eve
l ye

fe fo fo ming deign o
ume he
ove eigny; in which he decemvi  we e ecenly punihed wih
confic
ion, exile,
nd de
h, in coneuence of eg
l y
nny in h

ciy, pu iu Mliu conceived
hope of

ining eg
l powe . And who
w
 hi m
n? Alhough no nobiliy, no honou , no dee  hould open
o
ny m
n he o
d o domin
ion, ye ill he Cl
udii
nd C
ii, by
e
on of he conul
e, he decemvi
e, he honou  of hei own
nd
hoe of hei
nceo ,
nd f om he plendou of hei f
milie, h
d

ied hei
pi ing mind o heigh o which i w
 impiou o
ie
hem: h
 pu iu Mliu, o whom
 ibunehip of he common hould

he be
n objec of wihe h
n of hope,
we
lhy co n-me ch
n, h
d
conceived he hope o pu ch
e he libe y of hi coun ymen fo wo
pound of co n; h
d uppoed h

people vico iou ove
ll hei
neighbou  could be c
joled ino e viude by h owing hem
mo el of
food; o h

pe on whom he 
e could c
cely dige


en
o , i hould ole
e
 ing, poeing he enign
nd

uho iy of Romulu hei founde , who h

d decended f om
nd h
d
eu ned o he god. Thi w
 o be conide ed no mo e c imin
l h
n
i w
 mon ou: no w
 i ufficienly expi
ed by hi blood; unle
he oof
nd w
ll wihin which o m
d
p ojec h
d been conceived,
hould be levelled o he g ound,
nd hi effec we e confic
ed,

being con
min
ed wih he p ice of pu ch
ing ingly domin
ion. He
o de ed, he efo e, h
 he uo  hould ell hi p ope y
nd
depoi he p oceed in he  e
u y."
16. He hen o de ed hi houe o be immedi
ely
zed, h
 he v
c
n
g ound migh e ve

monumen of nef
iou hope de oyed. Thi w

c
lled uimlium. Luciu Minuciu w
 p eened wih
gilded ox on he
ouide of he g
e T igemin
,
nd hi no even
g
in he will of he
common, bec
ue he di ibued Mliu' co n,
fe v
luing i
 one
_
_ pe buhel. In ome w ie  I find h
 hi Minuciu h
d ch
nged
ide f om he p
 ici
n o he common,
nd h
 h
ving been choen

elevenh  ibune of he people, he uieed
commoion which
oe on
he de
h of Mliu. Bu i i c
cely c edible h
 he p
 ici
n
would h
ve uffe ed he numbe of he  ibune o be inc e
ed,
nd h

uch
p eceden hould be in oduced mo e p
icul
ly in he c
e of

m
n who w

p
 ici
n; o h
 he common did no
fe w
d
m
in
in, o
 le

emp, h
 p ivilege once conceded o hem. Bu
he leg
l p oviion m
de
few ye
 befo e, viz. h
 i hould no be
l
wful fo he  ibune o chooe
colle
gue, efue beyond eve y
hing ele he f
le inc ipion on he 
ue. Quinu Cciliu,
Quinu Juniu, exu Tiiniu, we e he only membe  of he college of
 ibune who h
d no been conce ned in p
ing he l
w fo confe ing
honou  on Minuciu; no did hey ce
e boh o h ow ou cenu e one
ime on Minuciu,

nohe ime on e viliu, befo e he common,
nd
o compl
in of he unme ied de
h of Mliu. They ucceeded, he efo e,
in h
ving
n elecion held fo mili
y  ibune
he h
n fo
conul, no doubing bu h
 in ix pl
ce, fo o m
ny we e now

llowed o be eleced, ome plebei

n
lo migh be
ppoined, by hei
p ofeing o be
venge  of he de
h of Mliu. The common, hough
hey h
d been
gi
ed h
 ye
by m
ny
nd v
iou commoion, neihe
eleced mo e h
n h ee  ibune wih conul
powe ;
nd
mong hem
Luciu Quiniu, on of Cincinn
u, f om he unpopul
n
u e of whoe
dic
o hip
n occ
ion fo diu b
nce w
 ough. M
me cu miliu,

m
n of he highe digniy, w
 voed in, p io o Quiniu. In he
hi d pl
ce hey
ppoin Luciu Juliu.
17. Du ing hei office Fiden,
Rom
n colony, evoled o L


Tolunmiu, ing of he Veieni

n,
nd o he Veieni
n. To he evol

mo e heinou c ime w

dded. By o de of Tolumniu hey pu o de
h
C
iu Fulciniu, Clliu Tullu, pu iu Aniu, Luciu Rociu, Rom
n

mb

do , who c
me o inui e ino he e
on of hi new line of
conduc. ome p
lli
e he guil of he ing; h

n
mbiguou
exp eion of hi, du ing
lucy h ow of dice, h
ving been mi
en by
he Fiden
i
n,
 if i eemed o be
n o de fo hei execuion, h
d
been he c
ue of he
mb

do ' de
h. An inc edible 
le; h
 hi
hough hould no h
ve been d
wn
w
y f om he g
me on he
iv
l of
he Fiden
i
n, hi new
llie, when conuling him on
mu de ending
o viol
e he l
w of n
ion;
nd h
 he
c w
 no
fe w
d
viewed by him wih ho o . I i mo e p ob
ble h
 he wihed he 
e
of he Fiden
i
n o be o comp omied by hei p
icip
ion in o
g e

c ime, h
 hey migh no
fe w
d loo o
ny hope f om he
Rom
n. 
ue of he
mb

do , who we e l
in
 Fiden, we e e
up in he o

 he public expene. A depe
e  uggle w
 coming
on wih he Veieni
n
nd Fiden
i
n, who, beide h
 hey we e
neighbou ing 
e, h
d commenced he w
wih o heinou

p ovoc
ion. The efo e, he common
nd hei  ibune being now uie,
o
 o
end o he gene
l welf
e, he e w
 no dipue wih
epec o he elecing of M
cu Geg
niu M
ce inu
hi d ime,
nd
Luciu e giu Fiden
,
 conul; o c
lled, I uppoe, f om he w

which he
fe w
d conduced. Fo he w
 he fi  who fough

ucceful b
le wih he ing of he Veieni
n on hi ide of he
Anio, no did he ob
in
n unbloody vico y. G e
e g ief w
 he efo e
fel f om he lo of hei coun ymen, h
n joy f om he defe
 of he
enemy:
nd he en
e,
 in
n
l
ming c ii, o de ed M
me cu
miliu o be
ppoined dic
o . He
ppoined
 hi m
e of he
ho e f om he college of he p eceding ye
, in which he e h
d been
 ibune of he oldie  wih conul
powe , Luciu Quiniu
Cincinn
u,
youh wo hy of hi p
en. To he levy held by he
conul we e
dded he old cenu ion well ve ed in w
,
nd he numbe
of hoe lo in he l
e b
le w
 m
de up. The dic
o o de ed
Luciu Quiniu C
piolinu
nd M
cu F
biu Vibul
nu o
end him

hi lieuen
n-gene
l. Boh he highe powe ,
nd he m
n ui
ble o
uch powe , c
ued he enemy o move f om he Rom
n e io y o he
ohe ide of he Anio,
nd coninuing hei e og
de movemen, hey
oo poeion of he hill beween Fiden
nd he Anio, no did hey
decend ino he pl
in unil he  oop of he F
lici
n c
me o hei

id; hen
 lengh he c
mp of he E u i
n w
 piched befo e he
w
ll of Fiden. The Rom
n dic
o oo hi po
 no g e
 di
nce
f om hence
 he conflux on he b
n of boh ive , line being un

c o beween hem,
 f

 he w

ble o follow by
fo ific
ion.
Nex d
y he m
ched ou hi
my ino he field.
18. Among he enemy he e w

dive iy of opinion. The F
lici
n,
imp
ien of he h
dhip of w


di
nce f om home,
nd
ufficienly confiden of hei own  engh, e
nely dem
nded
b
le; he Veieni
n
nd Fiden
i
n pl
ced mo e hope in p o
cing
he w
. Tolumniu, hough he me
u e of hi own ubjec we e mo e

g ee
ble o him, p ocl
im h
 he would give b
le on he following
d
y, le he F
lici
n migh no b oo he e vice
 o g e


di
nce f om hei home. The dic
o
nd he Rom
n oo
ddiion
l
cou
ge f om he f
c of he enemy h
ving declined giving b
le:
nd on
he following d
y, he oldie  excl
iming h
 hey would

c he
c
mp
nd he ciy, if
n oppo uniy of fighing we e no
ffo ded hem,
he
mie
dv
nce on boh ide ino he middle of
pl
in beween he
wo c
mp. The Veieni
n, h
ving he
dv
n
ge in numbe , en
ound

p
y behind he moun
in o

c he Rom
n c
mp du ing he he
 of
he b
le. The
my of he h ee 
e ood d
wn up in uch

m
nne , h
 he Veieni
n occupied he igh wing, he F
lici
n he
lef, whil he Fiden
i
n coniued he cen e. The dic
o
ch
ged on he igh wing
g
in he F
lici
n, Quiniu C
piolinu
on he lef
g
in he Veieni
n,
nd he m
e of he ho e wih he
c
v
l y
dv
nced in he cen e. Fo
ho  ime
ll w
 ilence
nd
uie, he E u i
n being dee mined no o eng
ge unle hey we e
compelled,
nd he dic
o looing b
c ow
d
Rom
n fo , unil

ign
l hould be
ied,
 h
d been
g eed on, by he
ugu ,
 oon

 he bi d h
d given
f
vou
ble omen. A oon
 he pe ceived hi,
he o de  he c
v
l y fi  o ch
ge he enemy,
fe
iing
loud
hou; he line of inf
n y following, eng
ged wih g e
 fu y. In no
u
e did he E u i
n legion wih
nd he hoc of he Rom
n. The
c
v
l y m
de he g e
e ei
nce;
nd he ing himelf, f
he
b
ve of he c
v
l y, ch
ging he Rom
n whil hey we e pu uing in
dio de in eve y di ecion, p olonged he cone.
19. The e w
 hen
mong he c
v
l y, Aulu Co neliu Cou,
 ibune
of he oldie , diinguihed fo he be
uy of hi pe on,
nd eu
lly
o fo cou
ge
nd g e
  engh of body,
nd mindful of hi
n,
which, h
ving eceived in

e of he highe lu e, he lef o hi
poe iy ill g e
e
nd mo e diinguihed. He pe ceiving h
 he
Rom
n  oop g
ve w
y
 he
pp o
ch of Tolumniu, whe eve he di eced
hi ch
ge,
nd nowing him
 being em

ble by hi oy
l
pp
el,

he flew h ough he eni e line, excl
im, "I hi he inf inge of
hum
n  e
ie
nd he viol
o of he l
w of n
ion? Thi vicim I
h
ll now l
y, (p ovided he god wih h
 he e hould be
ny hing

c ed on e
h,)
nd h
ll offe him up o he m
ne of he

mb

do ." H
ving cl
pped pu  o hi ho e, he
dv
nce
g
in
hi ingle foe wih pe
p eened;
nd
fe h
ving  uc
nd
unho ed him, he immedi
ely, by help of hi l
nce, p ung on he
g ound. And
 he ing
emped o ie, he h ow him b
c
g
in wih
he bo of hi hield,
nd wih epe
ed h u pin him o he e
h.
He hen  ipped off he poil f om he lifele body;
nd h
ving cu
off hi he
d
nd c
ying i on he poin of hi pe
, he pu he
enemy o ou h ough e o on eeing hei ing l
in. Thu he line
of c
v
l y, which
lone h
d ende ed he comb
 doubful, w
 be
en.
The dic
o pu ue cloely he oued legion,
nd d ove hem o hei
c
mp wih l
ughe . The g e
e numbe of he Fiden
i
n, h ough
hei nowledge of he coun y, m
de hei ec
pe o he moun
in.
Cou, h
ving c oed he Tibe wih he c
v
l y, c
ied off g e

plunde f om he Veieni
n e io y o he ciy. Du ing he b
le
he e w

figh
lo
 he Rom
n c
mp
g
in
p
y of he fo ce,
which,
 h
 been
l e
dy menioned, h
d been en by Tolumniu o he
c
mp. F
biu Vibul
nu fi  defend hi line by
ing; hen, whil
he enemy we e wholly 
en up wih he en enchmen, 
llying ou f om
he p incip
l g
e on he igh, he uddenly

c hem wih he
 i
ii:
nd
p
nic being hu  uc ino hem he e w
 le
l
ughe , bec
ue hey we e fewe , bu hei fligh w
 no le
dio de ly h
n i h
d been on he field of b
le.
20. M
e  being m
n
ged uccefully in eve y di ecion, he dic
o ,
by
dec ee of he en
e
nd o de of he people, eu ned o he ciy
in  iumph. By f
he mo em

ble objec in he  iumph w
 Cou,
be
ing he _poli
opim
_ of he ing he h
d l
in. The oldie 
ch
uned hei uncouh ve e on him, exolling him
 eu
l o Romulu.
Wih he uu
l fo m of dedic
ion, he p eened,

n offe ing, he
poil in he emple of Jupie Fe e iu, ne
he poil of Romulu,
which, h
ving been he fi  c
lled _opim
_, we e he only one
 h

ime;
nd he

ced he eye of
ll he ciizen f om he dic
o '
ch
io o himelf,
nd enjoyed
lmo olely he honou of h
 d
y'

olemniy. The dic

o offe ed up o Jupie in he C
piol
golden
c own
pound in weigh,
 he public expene, by o de of he people.
Following
ll he Rom
n w ie , I h
ve ep eened Aulu Co neliu
Cou

mili
y  ibune, when he c
ied he econd _poli
opim
_
o he emple of Jupie Fe e iu. Bu beide h
 hoe poil
e
ighly conide ed _opim
_, which one gene
l h
 
en f om
nohe ;

nd we now no gene
l bu he pe on unde whoe
upice he w
i
conduced, he inc ipion ielf w ien on he poil p ove,
g
in
boh me
nd hem, h
 Cou w
 conul when he oo hem. H
ving once
he
d Auguu C
, he founde o eo e of
ll ou emple, on
ene ing he emple of Jupie Fe e iu, which being dil
pid
ed by
ime he ebuil,
ve h
 he himelf h
d e
d he 
id inc ipion on
he linen b e
pl
e, I hough i would be nex o 
c ilege o ob
Cou of uch
eimony epecing hi poil
 h
 of C
, he
enov
o of he emple ielf. Whehe he mi
e i ch
ge
ble on he
ve y
ncien
nn
l
nd he linen boo of he m
gi
e, depoied in
he emple of Mone
,
nd which Liciniu M
ce occ
ion
lly cie


uho iie, which h

ve Aulu Co neliu Cou conul wih Tiu
Quiniu Pennu, in he ninh ye

fe hi, eve y pe on m
y fo m hi
own opinion. Fo he e i hi
ddiion
l p oof, h

b
le o
celeb
ed could no be 
nfe ed o h
 ye
; h
 he h ee ye

befo e
nd
fe he conulhip of Aulu Co neliu we e eni ely f ee
f om w
, in coneuence of
peilence
nd
c
ciy of g
in; o
h
 ome
nn
l,
 if in mou ning, p een nohing bu he n
me of
he conul. The hi d ye
f om he conulhip of Cou h
 him

mili
y  ibune wih conul
powe ; in he 
me ye

 m
e of he
ho e, in which office he fough
nohe diinguihed ho e b
le.
Conjecu e i open on he m
e ; bu,
 I hin, idle u mie m
y be
u ned o uppo 
ny opinion: when he he o of he figh, h
ving pl
ced
he ecen poil in he 
c ed epoio y, h
ving befo e him Jove
himelf, o whom hey we e conec
ed,
nd Romulu, no conempible
winee in c
e of
f
le inc ipion, eniled himelf Aulu
Co neliu Cou conul.
21. M
cu Co neliu M
lugineni
nd Luciu P
pi iu C
u being
conul, he
mie we e led ino he e io ie of he Veieni
n
nd
F
lici
n; numbe  of men
nd c
le we e d iven off
 poil; he
enemy w
 no whe e o be found on he l
nd,
nd no oppo uniy of
fighing w

ffo ded; he ciie howeve we e no

ced, bec
ue

peileni
l dio de
n h ough he people. Diu b
nce we e
lo
ough
 home, bu no
cu
lly excied, howeve , by pu iu Mliu,
 ibune of he people; who hining h
 he migh c e
e ome umul
h ough he popul
iy of hi n
me, h
d boh
ppoined
d
y of  i
l
fo Minuciu,
nd h
d
lo p opoed
l
w fo confic
ing he p ope y
of e viliu Ah
l
:
lleging h
 Mliu h
d been ci cumvened h ough
f
le impe
chmen by Minuciu, ch
ging e viliu wih he illing of

ciizen on whom no enence h

d been p
ed; ch
ge which, when b ough
befo e he people, p oved o be mo e idle h
n he
uho himelf. Bu
he vi ulence of he die
e now becoming wo e, w
 mo e
n objec of
conce n o hem,

lo he e o 
nd p odigie, mo e epeci
lly
bec
ue
ccoun we e being b ough, h
 houe we e f
lling h oughou
he coun y, in coneuence of f euen e
hu
e. A upplic
ion w

he efo e pe fo med by he people,
cco ding o he fo m dic
ed by he
decemvi .[153] The ye
being ill mo e peileni
l, C
iu Juliu

econd ime
nd Luciu Vi giniu being conul, occ
ioned uch d e
d of
deol
ion h ough he ciy
nd coun y, h
 no only no one lef he
Rom
n e io y fo he pu poe of commiing dep ed
ion,
nd no only
did none of he p
 ici
n o common ene 
in
n ide
of commencing

ny mili
y
gg eion; bu he Fiden
i
n, who
 fi  h
d hu
hemelve up eihe wihin hei own, o moun
in, o fo ific
ion,

now decended wihou p ovoc

ion o commi dep ed
ion on he Rom
n
e io y. Then he
my of he Veieni
n being c
lled in o hei
id,
(fo he F
lici
n could be induced o enew he w
neihe by he
di ee of he Rom
n, no by he emon
nce of hei
llie,) he
wo 
e c oed he Anio;
nd dipl
yed hei enign
 no g e

di
nce f om he Colline g
e. G e
 cone n
ion
oe he efo e, no
mo e in he coun y h
n in he ciy. Juliu he conul d
w up hi
 oop on he
mp

nd w
ll; he en
e i conuled by Vi giniu in
he emple of Qui inu. I i dee mined h
 Aulu e viliu be

ppoined dic
o , who ome 
y h
d he cognomen of P icu, ohe 
h
 of  ucu. Vi giniu h
ving del
yed whil he conuled hi
colle
gue, wih hi pe miion, n
med he dic
o
 nigh. He
ppoin
Poumu buiu Elv
hi m
e of he ho e.
[Foonoe 153: In he pe fo m
nce of uch ie, he lighe mi
e
of
wo d o yll
ble w
 deemed highly in
upiciou; o p even which,
he egul
fo m of wo d w
 p onounced by
p ie,
nd epe
ed
fe
him by he pe on offici
ing.]
22. The dic
o o de 
ll o
end
 b e
 of d
y ouide he
Colline g
e. All whooeve h
d ufficien  engh o be

m,

ended; he 
nd
d we e uicly b ough fo h f om he  e
u y
nd
conveyed o he dic
o . Whil hee m
e  we e going on, he
enemie ei ed o he highe g ound; hihe he dic
o follow hem
wih
dee mined
my;
nd h
ving come o
gene
l eng
gemen no f

f om Nomenum, he oued he E u i
n legion; he hen d ove hem ino
he ciy of Fiden,
nd u ounded i wih

mp
. Bu neihe could
he ciy be 
en by o m
 being high
nd well fo ified, no w

he e
ny effec in
bloc
de, bec
ue co n w
 upplied o hem in

bund
nce no only fo nece
y conumpion, bu fo pleny
lo, in
coneuence of h
 p eviouly l
id up. Thu
ll hope being lo of

ing i by

ul, o of fo cing i o
u ende , he dic
o
dee mined on c
ying

p ino he ci
del in pl
ce which we e well
nown o him on
ccoun of hei ne
iu
ion on he emoe ide of
he ciy,
 being mo negleced bec
ue i w
 be p oeced by
e
on of i own n
u e; he himelf by
dv
ncing up o he w
ll in
pl
ce mo emoe, wih hi
my divided ino fou ecion, which we e
o ucceed e
ch ohe in he
cion, by coninuing he figh d
y
nd
nigh coninuouly he p evened he enemy f om pe ceiving he wo ;
unil he moun
in being dug h ough f om he c
mp,
p

ge w
 opened
up ino he ci
del;
nd he E u i
n being dive ed f om he e
l
d
nge by he idle h e
, he houing of he enemy ove hei he
d
p oved o hem h
 hei ciy w
 
en. On h
 ye
C
iu Fu iu
P
cilu
nd M
cu Geg
niu M
ce inu, ceno ,
pp oved of he public
edifice[154] in he C
mpu M
iu,
nd he cenu of he people w

he e pe fo med fo he fi  ime.
[Foonoe 154: _Vill
public
_. I w
 deined o public ue, uch

holding he _cenu_, o u vey of he people, he ecepion of

mb

do , &c.]
23. Th
 he 
me conul we e e-eleced on he following ye
, Juliu
fo he hi d ime, Vi giniu fo he econd ime, I find in Liciniu
M
ce . V
le iu Ani

nd Quinu Tube o 
e h
 M
cu M
nliu
nd
Quinu ulpiciu we e, he conul fo h
 ye
. Bu in
ep een
ion o diffe en boh Tube o
nd M
ce cie he linen boo

 hei
uho iy; neihe of hem denie h
 i w
 
id by
ncien
hio i
n h
 he e we e mili
y  ibune on h
 ye
. Liciniu
hin h
 we hould unhei
ingly follow he linen boo;
nd Tube o
i unce 
in
 o he  uh. Bu hi
lo i lef uneled
mong

ohe poin no

ce 
ined f om lengh of ime. Al
m w

ied in
E u i

fe he c
pu e of Fiden, no only he Veieni
n being
e ified by he
pp ehenion of imil
uin, bu he F
lici
n
lo,
f om he ecollecion of he w
h
ving fi  commenced wih hem,

lhough hey h
d no joined wih hoe who enewed hoiliie.
Acco dingly when he wo n
ion, h
ving en
mb

do 
ound o he
welve 
e, ucceeded o f
h

gene
l meeing w
 p ocl
imed
fo
ll E u i

 he emple of Volumn
; he en
e,
pp ehending

g e


c h e
ening f om h
 u
e , o de ed M
me cu miliu

g
in o be
ppoined dic
o . Aulu Poumiu Tube u w

ppoined
by him
 m
e of he ho e;
nd p ep

ion fo w
we e m
de wih
o much he mo e ene gy h
n on he l
 occ
ion, in p opo ion

he e w
 mo e d
nge f om he whole body of E u i
h
n f om wo of
i 
e.
24. Th
 m
e p
ed off much mo e uiely h
n
ny one expeced.
The efo e when wo d w
 b ough by ce 
in 
de , h

id w
 efued
o he Veieni
n,
nd h
 hey we e bid o p oecue wih hei own
 engh
w
ene ed ino on hei own ep

e view,
nd no o ee
ou pe on
 h
e  in hei di ee, o whom hey h
d no
communic
ed hei hope when flou ihing; he dic
o , h
 hi

ppoinmen migh no be in v

in,
ll oppo uniy of
cui ing mili
y
glo y being now 
en f om him, dei ou of pe fo ming du ing pe
ce ome
wo  which migh e ve

memo i
l of hi dic
o hip, e
bou
limiing he ceno hip, eihe judging i powe  exceive, o
di
pp oving of he du
ion
he h
n he exen of he office.
Acco dingly, h
ving ummoned
meeing, he 
y "h
 he immo 
l god
h
d 
en on hemelve h
 he public
ff
i  hould be m
n
ged
exe n
lly,
nd h
 he gene
l ecu iy hould be inu ed; h
 wih
epec o wh
 w
 o be done wihin he w
ll, he would p ovide fo
he libe y of he Rom
n people. Bu h
 he mo effecu
l gu
ding of
i w
, h
 office of g e
 powe hould no be of long coninu
nce;

nd h

limi of ime hould be e o hoe o which
limi of
ju idicion could no be e. Th
 ohe office we e
nnu
l, h
 he
ceno hip w
 uinuenni
l; h
 i w

g iev
nce o be ubjec o
he 
me individu
l fo uch
numbe of ye
 in
conide
ble p

of he
ff
i  of life. Th
 he would p opoe
l
w, h
 he ceno hip
hould no l
 longe h
n
ye

nd h
lf." Amid he g e

pp ob
ion
of he people he p
ed he l
w on he following d
y,
nd 
y, "h

you m
y now, Rom
n, in e
liy, how lile ple
ing o me
e office
of long du
ion, I eign he dic
o hip." H
ving l
id down hi own
office,
nd e
limi o he office of ohe , he w
 eco ed home
wih he cong
ul
ion
nd g e
 good will of he people. The ceno 
eening M
me cu' conduc fo hi h
ving diminihed he du
ion of
one of he office of he Rom
n people, deg
ded him f om hi  ibe,
nd
inc e
ing hi 
xe eigh-fold, dif
nchied[155] him. They 
y h

he bo e hi wih g e
 m
gn
nimiy,
 he conide ed he c
ue of he
dig
ce,
he h
n he dig
ce ielf; h
 he p incip
l p
 ici
n

lo, hough hey h
d been
ve e o he cu 
iling he p ivilege of
he ceno hip, we e much diple
ed
 hi in
nce of ceno i
l
eve iy; in
much
 e
ch 
w h
 he would be longe
nd mo e
f euenly ubjeced o he ceno , h
n he hould hold he office of
ceno . Ce 
in i i h
 uch indign
ion i 
id o h
ve
ien on
he p
 of he people, h
 violence could no be ep off f om he
ceno  h ough he influence of
ny pe on excep of M
me cu himelf.
[Foonoe 155: _
ium f
ce e_, ignifie o  ip
pe on of
ll he
p ivilege of
ciizen, on which he bec
me _civi
iu_,
ciizen
only o f

 he p
id 
xe.]

25. The  ibune of he people, by p evening he elecion of conul by

ince
n h

ngue, ucceeded
 lengh,
fe he m
e h
d been well
nigh b ough o
n ine egnum, in h
ving  ibune of he oldie 
eleced wih conul

uho iy:
 fo he p ize of hei vico y,
which w
 he hing ough, _cil._ h

plebei
n hould be eleced,
he e w
 none. All p
 ici
n we e eleced, M
cu F
biu Vibul
nu,
M
cu Foliu, Luciu e giu Fiden
. The peilence du ing h
 ye

ffo ded
uie in ohe m
e . A emple w
 vowed o Apollo fo he
he
lh of he people. The duumvi  did much, by di ecion of he boo,
fo he pu poe of
ppe
ing he w
h of he
ven
nd
ve ing he pl
gue
f om he people;
g e
 mo 
liy howeve w
 u
ined in he ciy
nd
coun y, by he de
h of men
nd of c
le p omicuouly. App ehending

f
mine fo he
g iculu i, hey en ino E u i
,
nd he Pompine
di ic,
nd o Cum,
nd
 l
 o icily
lo o p ocu e co n. No
menion w
 m
de of elecing conul. Mili
y  ibune wih conul

uho iy we e
ppoined,
ll p
 ici
n, Luciu Pin
iu M
me cinu,
Luciu Fu iu Medullinu, pu iu Poumiu Albu. In hi ye
he
violence of he diempe
b
ed, no w
 he e
ny d
nge f om

c
ciy of co n, bec
ue p oviion h
d been p eviouly m
de
g
in i.
cheme fo exciing w
 we e
gi
ed in he meeing of he u
n

nd Volci
n,
nd in E u i

 he emple of Volumn
. He e he m
e
w
 poponed fo
ye
,
nd by
dec ee i w
 en
ced, h
 no
meeing hould be held befo e h
 ime, he Veieni
n 
e in v
in
compl
ining h
 he 
me deiny hung ove Veii,
 h
 by which
Fiden w
 de oyed. Me
nwhile
 Rome he chief of he common, who
h
d now fo
long ime been v
inly pu uing he hope of highe digniy,
whil he e w
 
nuilliy
b o
d,
ppoined meeing o be held in
he houe of he  ibune of he common. The e hey conce ed pl
n in
ec e: hey compl
ined "h
 hey we e o depied by he common, h

hough  ibune of he oldie , wih conul

uho iy, we e now

ppoined fo o m
ny ye
, no plebei
n eve ob
ined
cce o h

honou . Th
 hei
nceo  h
d hown much fo eigh in p oviding h

plebei
n office hould no be open o
ny p
 ici
n; ohe wie hey
hould be fo ced o h
ve p
 ici
n
  ibune of he common; o
depic
ble we e hey even wih hei own p
y,
nd we e no le
depied by he common h
n by he p
 ici
n." Ohe  exculp
ed he
common,
nd h ew he bl
me on he p
 ici
n,--"h
 by hei
in iguing
nd cheme i h
ppened h
 he o
d o honou w
 b
ed

g
in he common. If he common we e
llowed o b e
he f om hei
mixed en e
ie
nd men
ce, h
 hey would ene on hei uff
ge
wih
due eg
d o men of hei own p
y;
nd,
i
nce being

l e
dy p ocu ed, h
 hey would
ume
h
e in he gove nmen

lo." I i dee mined h

, fo he pu poe of doing
w
y wih
ll
in iguing, he  ibune hould p opoe
l
w, h
 no pe on be
llowed
o
dd whie o hi g
men fo he pu poe of c
nv
ing. The m
e
m
y now
ppe
 ivi
l
nd c
cely dee ving e iou conide
ion,
which hen enindled uch  ife beween he p
 ici
n
nd common. The
 ibune, howeve , p ev
iled in c
ying he l
w;
nd i
ppe
ed
eviden, h
 in hei p een 
e of i i
ion, he common would
incline hei uppo  o men of hei own p
y;
nd le hi hould be
opion
l wih hem,
dec ee of he en
e i p
ed, h
 he elecion
fo conul hould be held.
26. The c
ue w
 he iing, which he He nici
n
nd L
in
nnounced


bou o 
e pl
ce on he p
 of he u
n
nd Volci
n. Tiu
Quiniu Cincinn
u, on of Luciu, (o he 
me pe on he cognomen of
Pennu
lo i
nnexed,)
nd C
iu Juliu Meno we e eleced conul:
no w
 he e o of w
longe defe ed. A levy being held unde he
devoing l
w, which wih hem i he mo powe ful in umen of fo cing
men ino e vice, powe ful
mie e ou f om hence,
nd me


Algidum;
nd he e he u
n
nd Volci
n fo ified hei c
mp
ep

ely;
nd he gene
l oo g e
e c
e h
n eve befo e o
fo ify hei po
nd 
in hei oldie ; o much he mo e e o
did he meenge  b ing o Rome. The en
e wihed h

dic
o
hould be
ppoined, bec
ue hough hee n
ion h
d been ofen
conue ed, ye hey enewed hoiliie wih mo e vigo ou effo  h
n
eve befo e,
nd
conide
ble numbe of he Rom
n youh h
d been
c
ied off by icne. Above
ll, he pe ve ene of he conul,
nd
he di
g eemen beween hem,
nd hei conenion in
ll he
council, e ified hem. The e
e ome who 
e h

n unucceful
b
le w
 fough by hee conul
 Algidum,
nd h
 uch w
 he
c
ue of
ppoining
dic
o . Thi much i ce 
in, h
, hough
diffe ing in ohe poin, hey pe fecly
g eed in one
g
in he
wihe of he p
 ici
n, no o nomin
e
dic
o ; unil when

ccoun we e b ough, one mo e

l
ming h
n
nohe ,
nd he conul
would no be w
yed by he
uho iy of he en
e, Quinu e viliu
P icu, who h
d p
ed h ough he highe honou  wih ingul

honou , 
y, "T ibune of he people, ince we
e come o
ex emiie, he en
e c
ll on you, h
 you would, by vi ue of you

uho iy, compel he conul o nomin

e
dic
o in o c iic
l

conjuncu e of he 
e." On he
ing hi, he  ibune, conceiving
h

n oppo uniy w
 p eened o hem of exending hei powe ,
ei e ogehe ,
nd decl
e fo hei college, h
 "i w
 hei wih
h
 he conul hould be obedien o he in ucion of he en
e; if
hey pe ied fu he
g
in he conen of h
 mo illu iou
o de , h
 hey would o de hem o be 
en o p ion." The conul
we e bee ple
ed o be ove come by he  ibune h
n by he en
e,

lleging h
 he p e og
ive of he highe m
gi
cy we e be
yed
by he p
 ici
n
nd he conulhip ubjug
ed o  ibunii
n powe ,
in
much
 he conul we e li
ble o be ove uled by
 ibune in
ny
p
icul
by vi ue of hi powe ,
nd (wh
 g e
e h
dhip could

p iv
e m
n h
ve o d e
d?) even o be c
ied off o p ion. The lo o
nomin
e he dic
o (fo he colle
gue h
d no even
g eed on h
)
fell on Tiu Quiniu. He
ppoined
dic
o , Aulu Poumiu
Tube u, hi own f
he -in-l
w,
m
n of he umo  icne in
comm
nd: by him Luciu Juliu w

ppoined m
e of he ho e:

upenion of civil buine i

lo p ocl
imed;
nd, h
 nohing ele
hould be
ended o h oughou he ciy bu p ep

ion fo w
, he
ex
min
ion of he c
e of hoe who cl
imed exempion f om he
mili
y e vice i defe ed ill
fe he w
. Thu even doubful
pe on
e induced o give in hei n
me. oldie  we e
lo enjoined
of he He nici
n
nd L
in: he mo ze
lou obedience i hown o he
dic
o on boh ide.
27. All hee me
u e we e execued wih g e
 dep
ch:
nd C
iu
Juliu he conul being lef o gu
d he ciy,
nd Luciu Juliu m
e
of he ho e, fo he udden exigencie of he w
, le
ny hing which
hey migh w
n in he c
mp hould c
ue del
y, he dic
o , epe
ing
he wo d
fe Aulu Co neliu he chief poniff, vowed he g e
 g
me
on
ccoun of he udden w
;
nd h
ving e ou f om he ciy,
fe
dividing hi
my wih he conul Quiniu, he c
me up wih he enemy.
A hey h
d obe ved wo ep

e c
mp of he enemy

m
ll di
nce
one f om he ohe , hey in lie m
nne enc
mped ep

ely
bou
mile
f om hem, he dic
o ow
d Tuculum, he conul ow
d L
nuvium.
Thu hey h
d hei fou
mie,
 m
ny fo ified po, h
ving beween
hem
pl
in ufficienly exended no only fo excu ion o i mih,
bu even fo d
wing up he
mie on boh ide in b
le-

y. F om
he ime c
mp w
 b ough cloe o c
mp, hey ce
ed no f om ligh
i mihing, he dic
o e
dily
llowing hi oldie , by comp
ing
 engh, o ene 
in befo eh
nd he hope of
gene
l vico y,
fe

hey h
d g
du
lly e
yed he eul of ligh i mihe. Whe efo e
he enemy, no hope being now lef in
egul
eng
gemen,

ced he
conul' c
mp in he nigh,
nd b ing he m
e o he ch
nce of

doubful eul. The hou which

oe uddenly
woe no only he
conul' eninel
nd hen
ll he
my, bu he dic
o
lo. When
ci cum
nce eui ed in
n exe ion, he conul evinced no
deficiency eihe in pi i o in judgmen. One p
 of he  oop
einfo ce he gu
d
 he g
e,
nohe m
n he
mp

ound. In
he ohe c
mp wih he dic
o , in
much
 he e i le of
confuion, o much he mo e e
dily i i obe ved, wh
 i eui ed o
be done. Dep
ching hen fo hwih
einfo cemen o he conul'
c
mp, o which pu iu Poumiu Albu i
ppoined lieuen
n-gene
l,
he himelf wih
p
 of hi fo ce, m
ing
m
ll ci cui, p oceed
o
pl
ce eni ely euee ed f om he bule, whence he migh
uddenly

c he enemy' e
. Quinu ulpiciu, hi
lieuen
n-gene
l, he
ppoin o 
e ch
ge of he c
mp; o M
cu
F
biu
 lieuen
n he
ign he c
v
l y,
nd o de  h
 hoe
 oop, which i would be difficul o m
n
ge
mid
nighly conflic,
hould no i befo e d
y-ligh. All he me
u e which
ny ohe
p uden
nd
cive gene
l could o de
nd execue
 uch
juncu e,
he o de 
nd execue wih egul
iy; h
 w

n ex
o din
y
pecimen of judgmen
nd in epidiy,
nd one dee ving of no o din
y
p
ie, h
 he dep
ched M
cu Geg
niu wih ome choen  oop o


c he enemy' c
mp, whence i h
d been
ce 
ined h
 hey h
d
dep
ed wih he g e
e p
 of hei  oop. When he fell on hee
men, wholly inen on he eul of he d
nge of hei f iend,
nd
inc
uiou wih epec o hemelve, he w
che
nd
dv
nced gu
d
being even negleced, he oo hei c
mp
lmo befo e he enemy we e
pe fecly u e h
 i w


ced. Then when he ign
l given wih
moe,
 h
d been
g eed on, w
 pe ceived by he dic
o , he
excl
im h
 he enemy' c
mp w
 
en,
nd o de  i o be
nnounced
in eve y di ecion.
28. And now d
y w

ppe
ing,
nd eve y hing l
y open o view;
nd
F
biu h
d m
de
n

c wih hi c
v
l y,
nd he conul h
d 
llied
f om he c
mp on he enemy now diconce ed; when he dic
o on he
ohe ide, h
ving

ced hei ee ve
nd econd line, h ew hi
vico iou  oop, boh ho e
nd foo, in he w
y of he enemy
 hey
u ned hemelve
bou o he dion
n hou
nd he v
iou udden


ul. Thu u ounded on eve y ide, hey would o
m
n h
ve
uffe ed he punihmen due o hei e
umpion of hoiliie, h
d
no Veciu Meiu,
Volci
n,
m
n mo e ennobled by hi deed h
n
hi ex
cion, upb
iding hi men
 hey we e fo ming
ci cle, c
lled
ou wih
loud voice, "A e ye
bou offe ing you elve he e o he
we
pon of he enemy, undefended, un
venged? why i i hen ye h
ve

m? o why h
ve you unde 
en
n offenive w
, eve u bulen in
pe
ce,
nd d

dly in w
? Wh
 hope h
ve you in 
nding he e? do
you expec h
 ome god will p oec you
nd be
you hence? Wih he
wo d w
y mu be opened. Come on ye, who wih o behold you home,
you p
en, you wive,
nd you child en, follow me in he w
y in
which you h
ll ee me le
d you on. I i no
w
ll, no

mp
, bu

med men h
 
nd in you w
y wih
m in you h
nd. In v
lou you

e eu
l o hem; in neceiy, which i he ulim
e
nd mo
effecive we
pon, upe io ." A he ue ed hee wo d
nd w
 puing
hem ino execuion, hey, enewing he hou
nd following him, m
e

puh in h
 u
e whe e Poumiu Alb
h
d oppoed hi  oop o
hem:
nd hey m
de he vico give g ound, unil he dic
o c
me up,

 hi own men we e now e e

ing. To h
 u
e he whole weigh of
he b
le w
 now u ned. On Meiu
lone he fo une of he enemy
depend. M
ny wound
nd g e
 l
ughe now oo pl
ce on boh ide.

By hi ime no even he Rom

n gene
l hemelve figh wihou
eceiving wound, one of hem, Poumiu, ei ed f om he field h
ving
hi ull f
cu ed by
 oe of
one; neihe he dic
o could
be emoved by
wound in he houlde , no F
biu by h
ving hi high

lmo pinned o hi ho e, no he conul by hi

m being cu off,
f om he pe ilou conflic.
29. Meiu, wih
b
nd of he b
ve youh, by
fu iou ch
ge
h ough he
p of l
ughe ed foe, w
 c
ied on o he c
mp of he
Volci
n, which h
d no ye been 
en: he 
me oue he eni e body
of he
my followed. The conul, pu uing hem in hei dio de ed
fligh o he ve y
mp
,

c boh he c
mp
nd he
mp
; in
he 
me di ecion he dic
o
lo b ing up hi fo ce on he ohe
ide. The

ul w
 conduced wih no le in epidiy h
n he b
le
h
d been. They 
y h
 he conul even h ew

nd
d wihin he

mp
, in o de h
 he oldie  migh puh on he mo e b ily,
nd
h
 he fi  imp eion w
 m
de in ecove ing he 
nd
d. The
dic
o
lo, h
ving levelled he
mp
, h
d now c
ied he figh
ino he c
mp. Then he enemy beg
n in eve y di ecion o h ow down
hei
m
nd o u ende :
nd hei c
mp
lo being 
en,
ll he
enemy we e e up o 
le, excep he en
o .[156] P
 of he plunde
w
 eo ed o he L
in
nd He nici
n, when hey dem
nded hei
p ope y; he em
inde he dic
o old by
ucion:
nd he conul,
being inveed wih he comm
nd of he c
mp, he himelf, ene ing he
ciy in  iumph, eigned hi dic
o hip. ome w ie  c

gloom on
he memo y of hi glo iou dic
o hip, when hey 
e h
 hi on,
hough vico iou, w
 behe
ded by Aulu Poumiu, bec
ue, emped by

f
vou
ble oppo uniy of fighing o
dv
n
ge, he h
d lef hi po
wihou o de . We
e dipoed o efue ou belief;
nd we
e
w

ned by he v
iey of opinion on he m
e . And i i
n

gumen
g
in i, h
 uch o de  h
ve been eniled "M
nli
n," no
"Poumi
n," ince he pe on who fi  e on foo o b
b
ou

p eceden, w
 liely o ob
in he ign
l ile of c uely. Beide,
he cognomen of "Impe iou" w

ffixed o M
nliu: Poumiu h
 no
been m
ed by
ny h
eful b
nd. C
iu Juliu he conul, in he

bence of hi colle
gue, wihou c
ing lo, dedic
ed he emple of
Apollo: Quiniu eening hi, when,
fe dib
nding hi
my, he
eu ned ino he ciy, m
de
compl
in of i in he en
e o no
pu poe.
To he ye
m
ed by g e

chievemen i
dded
n even which eemed
o h
ve no el
ion o he ine e of Rome, viz. h
 he
C
h
gini
n, deined o be uch fo mid
ble enemie, hen, fo he
fi  ime on he occ
ion of ome diu b
nce
mong he icili
n,

npo ed
n
my ino icily in
id of one of he p
ie.
[Foonoe 156: _en
o ._ Niebuh , ii. noe 995, eem o doub whehe
hee belonged o ingle ciie o we e he en
o  of he eni e
Volci
n n
ion.]
30. In he ciy effo  we e m
de by he  ibune of he people h

mili
y  ibune wih conul
powe hould be eleced; no could he
poin be c
ied. Luciu P
pi iu C
u
nd Luciu Juniu we e m
de
conul. When he
mb

do  of he u
n olicied
 e
y f om he
en
e,
nd ine
d of
 e
y
u ende w
 poined ou o hem,
hey ob
ined
 uce fo eigh ye
. The
ff
i  of he Volci
n, in

ddiion o he di
e u
ined
 Algidum, we e involved in  ife

nd ediion by
n obin
e conenion beween he
dvoc
e fo pe
ce

nd hoe fo w
. The Rom
n enjoyed 
nuilliy on
ll ide. The
conul, h
ving
ce 
ined h ough he info m
ion of one of he

college, h

l
w eg
ding he
pp
iing of he fine,[157] which
w
 ve y
ccep
ble o he people, w

bou o be in oduced by he
 ibune, oo he le
d hemelve in p opoing i. The new conul we e
Luciu e giu Fiden

econd ime,
nd Hou Luc eiu T icipiinu.
Du ing hei conul
e nohing wo h menioning occu ed. The conul
who followed hem we e Aulu Co neliu Cou
nd Tiu Quiniu Pennu

econd ime. The Veieni

n m
de excu ion ino he Rom
n e io y.
A epo  exied h
 ome of he youh of he Fiden
i
n h
d been
p
icip
o  in h
 dep ed
ion;
nd he cogniz
nce of h
 m
e w

lef o Luciu e giu,
nd Quinu e viliu
nd M
me cu miliu. ome
of hem we e en ino b
nihmen o Oi
, bec
ue i did no
ppe

ufficienly cle
why du ing hee d
y hey h
d been
ben f om
Fiden. A numbe of new ele  w

dded,
nd he l
nd of hoe who
h
d f
llen in w
w

igned o hem. The e w
 ve y g e
 di e
h
 ye
in coneuence of d ough; he e w
 no only
deficiency of

in; bu he e
h
lo deiue of i n
u
l moiu e, c
cely
en
bled he ive  o flow. In ome pl
ce he w
n of w
e occ
ioned
he
p of c
le, which h
d died of hi ,
ound he p ing
nd
ivule which we e d ied up; ohe  we e c
ied off by he m
nge;
nd
he diempe  p e
d by infecion o he hum
n ubjec,
nd fi 


iled he hub
ndmen
nd l
ve; oon
fe he ciy become filled
wih hem;
nd no only we e men' bodie
ffliced by he con
gion,
bu upe iion of v
iou ind,
nd mo of hem of fo eign g owh,
oo poeion of hei mind; pe on, o whom mind enl
ved by
upe iion we e
ou ce of g
in, in oducing by p eending o
divin
ion new mode of 
c ificing; unil
ene of public h
me now
e
ched he le
ding men of he 
e, eeing in
ll he  ee
nd
ch
pel ex
neou
nd un
ccuomed ce emonie of expi
ion fo he
pu poe of ob
ining he f
vou of he god. A ch
ge w
 hen given o
he dile, h
 hey hould ee h
 no ohe h
n Rom
n god hould be
wo hipped, no in
ny ohe m
nne , 
ve h
 of he coun y. Thei
eenmen
g
in he Veieni
n w
 defe ed ill he following ye
,
C
iu e viliu Ah
l

nd Luciu P
pi iu Mugill
nu being conul. Then

lo upe iiou influence p evened he immedi

e decl

ion of w

o he
mie being en; hey deemed i nece
y h
 he
ld hould
be fi  en o dem
nd eiuion. The e h
d been b
le fough
l
ely wih he Veieni
n
 Nomenum
nd Fiden;
nd
fe h


 uce, no
pe
ce, h
d been concluded; of which boh he ime h
d
expi ed
nd hey h
d enewed hoiliie befo e he expi
ion. He
ld
howeve we e en;
nd when,
cco ding o
ncien u
ge, hey we e wo n

nd dem
nded eiuion, hei
pplic
ion w
 no liened o. Then

oe
dipue whehe
w
hould be decl
ed by o de of he people,
o whehe
dec ee of he en
e would be ufficien. The  ibune, by
h e
ening h
 hey would op he levy, o f
p ev
iled h
 he
conul hould 
e he ene of he people conce ning he w
. All he
cenu ie voed fo i. In hi p
icul

lo he common howed

upe io iy by g
ining hi poin, h
 conul hould no be eleced
fo he nex ye
.
[Foonoe 157: _Fine_. The fine impoed in e
ly ime we e ce 
in
numbe  of heep o oxen;
fe w
d i w
 o de ed by l
w h
 hee
fine hould be
pp
ied
nd he v
lue p
id in money. Anohe l
w fixed

ce 
in
e
 which he c
le hould be eim
ed, 100
e fo
n
ox, 10 fo
heep.]
31. Fou mili
y  ibune wih conul

uho iy we e eleced--Tiu
Quiniu Pennu, f om he conulhip, C
iu Fu iu, M
cu Poumiu,

nd Aulu Co neliu Cou. Of hee Cou held he comm

nd in he
ciy. The ohe h ee,
fe he levy w
 held, e ou o Veii,
nd
we e
n in
nce how michievou in mili
y
ff
i  i
plu
liy of

comm
nde . By iniing e
ch on hi own pl
n, whil hey eve
lly
ene 
ined diffe en view, hey lef
n oppo uniy open o he enemy
o 
e hem

dv
n
ge. Fo he Veieni
n, 
ing
n oppo uniy,


ced hei line whil ill unce 
in
 o hei movemen, ome
o de ing he ign
l o be given, ohe 
e e
 o be ounded: hei
c
mp, which w
 nigh
 h
nd, eceived hem in hei confuion
nd
u ning hei b
c. The e w
 mo e dig
ce he efo e h
n lo. The

e, un
ccuomed o defe
, w
 become mel
ncholy; hey h
ed he
 ibune, hey inied on
dic
o , he hope of he 
e now eemed
o e on him. When
eligiou c uple ine fe ed he e
lo, le

dic
o could no be
ppoined excep by
conul, he
ugu  on being
conuled emoved h
 c uple. Aulu Co neliu nomin
ed M
me cu
miliu,
nd he himelf w
 nomin
ed by him m
e of he ho e. o
lile did ceno i
l
nim
dve ion
v
il, o
 o p even hem f om
eeing
egul
o of hei
ff
i  f om
f
mily unme iedly cenu ed,

 oon
 he condiion of he 
e ood in need of genuine me i.
The Veieni
n el
ed wih hei ucce, h
ving en
mb

do 
ound
he 
e of E u i
, bo
ing h
 h ee Rom
n gene
l h
d been
be
en by hem in
n eng
gemen, hough hey could no effec
public
co-ope
ion in hei deign, p ocu ed volunee  f om
ll u
e 

llu ed by he hope of plunde . The 

e of he Fiden
i
n
lone
dee mined on enewing hoiliie;
nd
 if i would be
n impiey o
commence w
unle wih guil,
fe 
ining hei
m wih he blood
of he new ele  he e,
 hey h
d on
fo me occ
ion wih h
 of
he
mb

do , hey join he Veieni
n. Afe hi he le
ding men of
he wo 
e conuled whehe hey hould elec Veii o Fiden

he e
 of w
. Fiden
ppe
ed he mo e convenien. Acco dingly,
h
ving c oed he Tibe , he Veieni
n 
nfe ed he w
hihe .
The e w
 g e
 cone n
ion
 Rome. The
my being ec
lled f om
Veii,
nd h
 
me
my dipi ied in coneuence of hei defe
, he
c
mp i piched befo e he Colline g
e,
nd
med oldie 
e poed

long he w
ll,
nd
upenion of
ll civil buine i p ocl
imed in
he fo um,
nd he hop we e cloed;
nd eve y pl
ce become mo e lie
o
c
mp h
n
ciy.
32. Then he dic
o , h
ving en c ie  h ough he  ee,
nd
h
ving ummoned he
l
med ciizen o
n
embly, beg
n o chide hem
"h
 hey
llowed hei mind o depend on uch ligh impule of
fo une, h
, on he eceip of
 ifling lo, which ielf w

u
ined no by he b
ve y of he enemy, no by he cow
dice of he
Rom
n
my, bu by he di
g eemen of he gene
l, hey now d e
ded
he Veieni
n enemy, ix ime v
nuihed,
nd Fiden, which w

lmo

en ofene h
n

ced. Th
 boh he Rom
n
nd he enemie we e
he 
me
 hey we e fo o m
ny
ge: h
 hey e
ined he 
me
pi i, he 
me bodily  engh, he 
me
m. Th
 he himelf,
M
me cu miliu, w

lo he 
me dic
o , who fo me ly defe
ed he

mie of he Veieni

n
nd Fiden
i
n, wih he
ddiion
l uppo  of
he F
lici
n,
 Nomenum. Th
 hi m
e of he ho e, Aulu
Co neliu, would be he 
me in he field, he who,
 mili
y  ibune
in
fo me w
, lew L
Tolumniu, ing of he Veieni
n, in he
igh of boh
mie,
nd b ough he _poli
opim
_ ino he emple of
Jupie Fe e iu. Whe efo e h
 hey hould 
e up
m, mindful h

wih hem we e  iumph, wih hem poil, wih hem vico y; wih he
enemy he guil of mu de ing he
mb

do  con
y o he l
w of
n
ion, he m

c e of he Fiden
i
n coloni in ime of pe
ce, he
inf
cion of  uce,
evenh unucceful evol. A oon
 hey
hould b ing hei c
mp ne
hem, he w
 fully confiden h
 he joy
of hee mo impiou enemie
 he dig
ce of he Rom
n
my would
no be of long coninu
nce,
nd h
 he Rom
n people would be convinced
how much bee hoe pe on dee ved of he epublic, who nomin
ed

him dic
o fo he hi d ime, h
n hoe who, in coneuence of hi

bolihing he depoim of he ceno hip, would c


lu on hi
econd dic
o hip." H
ving offe ed up hi vow
nd e ou on hi
m
ch, he piche hi c
mp fifeen hund ed p
ce on hi ide of Fiden,
cove ed on hi igh by moun
in, on hi lef by he ive Tibe . He
o de  Tiu Quiniu Pennu o 
e poeion of he moun
in,
nd o
po himelf ec ely on ome eminence which migh be in he enemy'
e
. On he following d
y, when he E u i
n h
d m
ched ou o he
field, full of confidence in coneuence of hei
cciden
l ucce of
he p eceding d
y,
he h
n of hei good fighing, he himelf,
h
ving del
yed
lile unil he en
e b ough b
c wo d h
 Quiniu
h
d g
ined
n eminence nigh o he ci
del of Fiden, pu hi  oop
ino moion
nd led on hi line of inf
n y in o de of b
le in hei
uice p
ce
g
in he enemy: he m
e of he ho e he di ec no
o commence he figh wihou o de ; h
, when i would be nece
y,
he would give he ign
l fo he
id of he c
v
l y; hen h
 he would
conduc he
cion, mindful of hi figh wih he ing, mindful of he
ich obl
ion,
nd of Romulu
nd Jupie Fe e iu. The legion begin
he conflic wih impeuoiy. The Rom
n, fi ed wih h
 ed, g
ified
h
 feeling boh wih deed
nd wo d, c
lling he Fiden
i
n impiou,
he Veieni
n obbe ,  uce-b e
e , 
ined wih he ho id mu de of

mb

do , p inled wih he blood of hei own b ohe -coloni,
 e
che ou
llie,
nd d

dly enemie.
33. In he ve y fi  one hey h
d m
de
n imp eion on he enemy;
when on
udden, he g
e of Fiden flying open,

nge o  of

my 
llie fo h, unhe
d of
nd uneen befo e h
 ime. An immene
muliude
med wih fi e
nd
ll bl
zing wih fi e-b
nd,
 if u ged
on by f
n
ic
l
ge, uh on he enemy:
nd he fo m of hi unuu
l
mode of fighing f ighened he Rom
n fo he momen. Then he
dic
o , h
ving c
lled o him he m
e of he ho e
nd he c
v
l y,

nd
lo Quiniu f om he moun
in
nim
ing he figh, h
en
himelf o he lef wing, which, mo e ne
ly eembling
confl
g
ion
h
n
b
le, h
d f om e o given w
y o he fl
me,
nd excl
im
wih
loud voice, "V
nuihed by moe, d iven f om you g ound
 if

w
m of bee, will ye yield o
n un
med enemy? will ye no exinguih
he fi e wih he wo d? o if i i wih fi e, no wih we
pon, we

e o figh, will ye no, e

ch in hi po, n
ch hoe b
nd,
nd
hu l hem on hem? Come, mindful of he Rom
n n
me, of he v
lou of
you f
he ,
nd of you own, u n hi confl
g
ion
g
in he ciy
of you enemy,
nd de oy Fiden by i own fl
me, which ye could no
ecl
im by you indne. The blood of you
mb

do 
nd coloni

nd he deol
ion of you f onie  ugge hi." A he comm
nd of
he dic
o he whole line
dv
nced; he fi eb
nd h
 we e
dich
ged
e p
ly c
ugh up; ohe 
e w eed by fo ce: he
mie
on eihe ide
e now
med wih fi e. The m
e of he ho e oo, on
hi p
, in oduce
mong he c
v
l y
new mode of fighing; he
comm
nd hi men o 
e he b idle off hei ho e:
nd he himelf

hei he
d, puing pu  o hi own, d
hing fo w
d, i c
ied by he
unb idled eed ino he mid of he fi e: he ohe ho e
lo being
u ged on c
y hei ide  wih un e
ined peed
g
in he enemy.
The du being
ied
nd mixed wih moe excluded he ligh f om he
eye of boh men
nd ho e. Th

ppe

nce which h
d e ified he
oldie , no longe e ified he ho e. The c
v
l y he efo e,
whe eve hey pene
ed, p oduced
he
p of bodie lie
uin. A new
hou hen

iled hei e
;
nd when hi

ced he
enion of
he wo
mie looing wih
m
zemen
 e
ch ohe , he dic
o c ie
ou "h
 hi lieuen
n-gene
l
nd hi men h
d

ced he enemy on
he e
:" he himelf, on he hou being enewed,
dv
nce
g
in hem
wih edoubled vigou . When wo
mie, wo diffe en b
le p eed on

he E u i
n, now u ounded, in f on
nd e
,
nd he e w
 now no
me
n of fligh b
c o hei c
mp, no o he moun
in, whe e new
enemie we e e
dy o oppoe hem,
nd he ho e, now f eed f om hei
b idle, h
d c
e ed hei ide  in eve y di ecion, he p incip
l
p
 of he Veieni
n m
e p ecipi
ely fo he Tibe . uch of he
Fiden
i
n
 u vived, bend hei cou e o he ciy of Fiden. Thei
fligh hu ie hem in hei 
e of p
nic ino he mid of l
ughe ;
hey
e cu o piece on he b
n; ohe , when d iven ino he w
e ,
we e c
ied off by he eddie; even hoe who could wim we e weighed
down by f
igue, by hei wound,
nd by f igh;
few ou of he m
ny
m
e hei w
y
c o. The ohe p
y m
e hei w
y h ough he c
mp
ino he ciy. In he 
me di ecion hei impeuoiy c
ie he
Rom
n in pu ui; Quiniu mo e epeci
lly,
nd wih him hoe who h
d
ju come down f om he moun
in, being he oldie  who we e f ehe
fo l
bou , bec
ue hey h
d come up ow
d he cloe of he
eng
gemen.
34. Thee,
fe hey ene ed he g
e mixed wih he enemy, m
e hei
w
y o he w
ll,
nd
ie f om hei ummi
ign
l o hei f iend
of he own being 
en. When he dic
o 
w hi, (fo he h
d now
m
de hi w
y ino he dee ed c
mp of he enemy,) he le
d on he
oldie , who we e now
nxiou o dipe e hemelve in ue of booy,
ene 
ining
hope of
g e
e poil in he ciy, o he g
e;
nd
being
dmied wihin he w
ll, he p oceed o he ci
del, whihe he

w he c owd of fugiive hu ying. No w
 he l
ughe in he ciy
le h
n in he b
le; unil, h owing down hei
m, begging
nohing bu hei life, hey u ende ed o he dic
o . The ciy
nd
c
mp
e plunde ed. On he following d
y, one c
pive being
lloed o
e
ch ho em
n
nd cenu ion,
nd wo o hoe whoe v
lou h
d been
conpicuou,
nd he e being old by
ucion, he dic
o in  iumph
led b
c o Rome hi
my vico iou
nd en iched wih poil;
nd h
ving
o de ed he m
e of he ho e o eign hi office, he immedi
ely
eigned hi own on he ixeenh d
y (
fe he h
d ob
ined i);
u ende ing in pe
ce h

uho iy which he h
d eceived du ing w

nd  epid
ion. ome
nn
l h
ve epo ed h
 he e w

n
v
l
eng
gemen wih he Veieni
n
 Fiden,
hing
 difficul
 i w

inc edible, he ive even now no being b o
d enough fo uch

pu poe;
nd
 h
 ime,
 we le
n f om old w ie , being
conide
bly n
owe : excep h
 pe h
p in dipuing he p

ge of
he ive , m
gnifying,
 will h
ppen, he cuffle of
few hip, hey
ough he empy honou of
n
v
l vico y.
35. The following ye
h
d
 mili
y  ibune wih conul
powe
Aulu emp oniu A
inu, Luciu Quiniu Cincinn
u, Luciu Fu iu
Medullinu, Luciu Ho
iu B
b
u. To he Veieni
n
 uce fo
weny ye
 w
 g
ned,
nd one fo h ee ye
 o he u
n, hough
hey h
d olicied one fo
longe e m. The e w
 uie
lo f om ciy
io. The ye
following, hough no diinguihed eihe by w

b o
d
o by diu b
nce
 home, w
 ende ed celeb
ed by he g
me which
h
d been vowed du ing he w
, boh h ough he m
gnificence dipl
yed
in hem by he mili
y  ibune,
nd
lo h ough he concou e of he
neighbou ing 
e. The  ibune wih conul
powe we e Appiu
Cl
udiu C
u, pu iu N
uilu Ruilu, Luciu e giu Fiden
,
exu Juliu Iulu. The exhibiion, beide h
 hey h
d come wih he
public concu ence of hei 
e, w
 ende ed ill mo e g
eful o
he 
nge  by he cou ey of hei ho. Afe he g
me ediiou
h

ngue we e delive ed by he  ibune of he common upb
iding he
muliude; "h
 upified wih
dmi
ion of hoe pe on whom hey
h
ed, hey ep hemelve in

e of ee n
l bond
ge;
nd hey no
only h
d no he cou
ge o
pi e o he ecove y of hei hope of

h
e in he conulhip, bu even in he elecing of mili
y  ibune,
which elecion l
y open o boh p
 ici
n
nd common, hey neihe
hough of hemelve no of hei p
y. Th
 hey mu he efo e ce
e
feeling u p ied why no one buied himelf
bou he ine e of he
common: h
 l
bou
nd d
nge would be expended on objec whence
emolumen
nd honou migh be expeced. Th
 he e w
 nohing men would
no
emp if g e
 ew
d we e p opoed fo hoe who m
e g e


emp. Th

ny  ibune of he common hould uh blindly
 g e

i
nd wih no
dv
n
ge ino conenion, in coneuence of which he
m
y e 
ified h
 he p
 ici
n
g
in whom he hould  ive,
will pe ecue him wih inexpi
ble w
, whil wih he common in whoe
beh
lf he m
y h
ve conended he will no be one whi he mo e honou ed,
w

hing neihe o be expeced no eui ed. Th
 by g e
 honou 
mind bec
me g e
. Th
 no plebei
n would hin me
nly of himelf, when
hey ce
ed o be depied by ohe . Th
 he expe imen hould be

lengh m
de in he c
e of one o wo, whehe he e we e
ny plebei
n
c
p
ble of u
ining
high digniy, o whehe i we e nex o

mi
cle
nd
p odigy h

ny one p ung f om he common hould be

b
ve
nd indu iou m
n. Th
 by he umo ene gy he poin h
d been
g
ined, h
 mili
y  ibune wih conul
powe migh be choen f om

mong he common

lo. Th
 men well
pp oved boh in he civil
nd
mili
y line h
d ood
 c
ndid
e. Th
 du ing he fi  ye
 hey
we e hooed
, ejeced,
nd idiculed by he p
 ici
n: h


lengh hey h
d ce
ed o expoe hemelve o inul. No did he fo
hi p
 ee why he l
w ielf migh no be epe
led; by which h
 w

m
de l
wful which neve could 
e pl
ce; fo h
 he e would be le
c
ue fo bluhing
 he injuice of he l
w, h
n if hey we e o be
p
ed ove h ough hei own w
n of me i."
36. H

ngue of hi ind, liened o wih
pp ob
ion, induced ome
pe on o 
nd fo he mili
y  ibunehip, e
ch
vowing h
 if in
office he would p opoe omehing o he
dv
n
ge of he common. Hope
we e held ou of
di ibuion of he public l
nd, of colonie o be
pl
ned,
nd of money o be
ied fo he p
y of he oldie , by

x
impoed on he p op ieo  of e
e. Then
n oppo uniy w
 l
id
hold of by he mili
y  ibune, o h
 du ing he
bence of mo
pe on f om he ciy, when he p
 ici
n who we e o be ec
lled by

p iv
e inim
ion we e o
end on
ce 
in d
y,
dec ee of he
en
e migh be p
ed in he
bence of he  ibune of he common;
h

epo  exied h
 he Volci
n h
d gone fo h ino he l
nd
of He nici o commi dep ed
ion, he mili
y  ibune we e o e ou
o ex
mine ino he m
e ,
nd h

n
embly hould be held fo he
elecion of conul. H
ving e ou, hey le
ve Appiu Cl
udiu, on of
he decemvi ,
 p efec of he ciy,
young m
n of g e
 ene gy,
nd
one who h
d eve f om hi c
dle imbibed
h
 ed of he  ibune
nd
he common. The  ibune of he common h
d nohing fo which hey
hould conend, eihe wih hoe pe on now
ben, who h
d p ocu ed
he dec ee of he en
e, no wih Appiu, he m
e being now
ll
ove .
37. C
iu emp oniu A
inu, Quinu F
biu Vibul
nu we e eleced
conul. An
ff
i in
fo eign coun y, bu one dee ving of eco d, i

ed o h
ve h
ppened in h
 ye
. Vulu num,
ciy of he
E u i
n, which i now C
pu
, w
 
en by he 
mnie;
nd w
 c
lled
C
pu
f om hei le
de , C
py, o , wh
 i mo e p ob
ble, f om i
ch
mp
ign g ound. Bu hey oo poeion of i,
fe h
ving been

dmied ino
h
e of he ciy
nd i l
nd, when he E u i
n h
d
been p eviouly much h

ed in w
;
fe w
d he new-come 

ced

nd m

c ed du ing he nigh he old inh
bi
n, when on
feiv
l
d
y hey h
d become he
vy wih wine
nd leep. Afe hoe 
n
cion

he conul whom we h

ve menioned ene ed on office on he ide of
Decembe . Now no only hoe who h
d been exp ely en, epo ed h


Volci
n w
w
 impending; bu
mb

do 
lo f om he L
in
nd
He nici
n b ough wo d, "h
 neve

ny fo me pe iod we e he
Volci
n mo e inen eihe in elecing comm
nde , o in levying
n

my; h
 hey commonly obe ved eihe h

m
nd w
we e o be
fo eve conigned o oblivion,
nd he yoe o be ubmied o; o h

hey mu no yield o hoe, wih whom hey conended fo empi e,
eihe in v
lou , pe eve
nce, o mili
y dicipline." The
ccoun
hey b ough we e no unfounded; bu neihe he en
e we e o much

ffeced by he ci cum

nce;
nd C
iu emp oniu, o whom he p ovince
fell by lo, elying on fo une,
 if
mo con
n objec, bec
ue
he w
 he le
de of
vico iou 
e
g
in one f euenly
v
nuihed, execued
ll hi me
u e c
elely
nd emily; o h

he e w
 mo e of he Rom
n dicipline in he Volci
n h
n in he Rom
n

my. ucce he efo e,

 on m
ny ohe occ
ion,
ended me i. In
he fi  b
le, which w
 ene ed on by emp oniu wihou eihe
p udence o c
uion, hey me, wihou hei line being  enghened by
ee ve, o hei c
v
l y being p ope ly 
ioned. The hou w
 he
fi  p e
ge which w
y he vico y would incline; h

ied by he
enemy w
 loude
nd mo e coninued; h
 by he Rom
n, being
dion
n, uneven,
nd f euenly epe
ed in
lifele m
nne ,
be
yed he p o
ion of hei pi i. The enemy
dv
ncing he mo e
boldly on hi
ccoun, puhed wih hei hield, b
ndihed hei
wo d; on he ohe ide he helme d ooped,
 he men looed
ound,

nd diconce ed hey w

ve ,
nd eep cloe o he m
in body. The
enign
 one ime 
nding hei g ound
e dee ed by hei
uppo e ,

nohe ime hey e e
 beween hei epecive
comp
nie. A ye he e w
 no
bolue fligh, no w
 he e vico y.
The Rom
n
he cove ed hemelve h
n fough. The Volci
n

dv
nced, puhed
g
in hei line, 
w mo e of he enemy l
in h
n
unning
w
y.
38. They now give w
y in eve y di ecion, he conul emp oniu in v
in
chiding
nd exho ing hem; neihe hi
uho iy no hi digniy

v
iled
ny hing;
nd hey would p eenly h
ve u ned hei b
c o
he enemy, h
d no exu Temp
niu,
comm
nde of
 oop of ho e,
wih g e
 p eence of mind b ough hem uppo , when m
e  we e now
depe
e. When he c
lled ou
loud, "h
 he ho emen who wihed fo
he 
fey of he commonwe
lh hould le
p f om hei ho e," he
ho emen of
ll he  oop being moved,
 if by he conul' o de , he

y, "unle hi coho  by i
m c
n op he p og e of he
enemy, he e i
n end of he empi e. Follow my pe

 you 
nd
d.
how o he Rom
n
nd Volci
n, h
 no c
v
l y
e eu
l o you

c
v
l y, no inf
n y o you
 inf
n y." When hi exho 
ion w


pp oved by
loud hou, he
dv
nce, holding hi pe

lof. Whe eve
hey go, hey open
p

ge fo hemelve; puing fo w
d hei

ge hey fo ce on o he pl
ce whe e hey 
w he di e of hei
f iend g e
e. The figh i eo ed in eve y p
,
 f

 hei
one e
ched; no w
 he e
doub bu h
 if o few could,

ccomplih eve y hing

 he 
me ime, he enemy would h
ve u ned
hei b
c.
39. And when hey could now be wihood in no p
, he Volci
n
comm
nde give
ign
l, h

n opening hould be m
de fo he

geee , he enemy' new coho ; unil c
ied
w
y by hei
impeuoiy hey hould be cu off f om hei own p
y. When hi w

done, he ho emen we e ine ceped; no we e hey
ble o fo ce hei
w
y in he 
me di ecion
 h
 h ough which hey h
d p
ed; he
enemy being hice in h
 p
 h ough which hey h
d m
de hei w
y;


nd he conul
nd Rom
n legion, when hey could no whe e ee h

p
y which h
d l
ely been
p oecion o he eni e
my, le he
enemy hould cu down o m
ny men of diinguihed v
lou by cuing
hem off, puh fo w
d

ll h
z
d. The Volci
n, fo ming wo
f on, u
ined he

c of he conul
nd he legion on he one
h
nd, wih he ohe f on p eed on Temp
niu
nd he ho emen:
nd
when hey
fe epe
ed
emp we e un
ble o fo ce hei w
y o
hei own p
y, hey oo poeion of
n eminence,
nd defended
hemelve by fo ming
ci cle, no wihou 
ing venge
nce on hei
enemie. No w
 he e
n end of he b
le befo e nigh. The conul

lo, neve el
xing hi effo 
 long

ny ligh em
ined, ep he
enemy employed. The nigh
 lengh ep

ed hem undecided
 o
vico y;
nd uch
p
nic eized boh c
mp, f om hei unce 
iny

o he iue, h
, le
ving behind hei wounded
nd
g e
 p
 of he
b
gg
ge, boh
mie,
 if v
nuihed, beoo hemelve o he

djoining moun
in. The eminence, howeve , coninued o be beieged
ill beyond midnigh; bu when wo d w
 b ough o he beiege  h

he c
mp w
 dee ed, uppoing h
 hei own p
y h
d been defe
ed,
hey oo fled, e
ch whihe oeve hi fe
 c
ied him in he d
.
Temp
niu, h ough fe
of
n
mbuh, de
ined hi men ill d
yligh.
Then h
ving himelf decended wih
few men o loo
bou, when he

ce 
ined by inui ing f om ome of he wounded enemy h
 he c
mp of
he Volci
n w
 dee ed, he joyouly c
ll down hi men f om he
eminence,
nd m
e hi w
y ino he Rom
n c
mp: whe e, when he found
eve y hing w
e
nd dee ed,
nd he 
me unighline
 wih he
enemy, befo e he dicove y of hi mi
e hould b ing b
c he
Volci
n, 
ing wih him
ll he wounded he could,
nd no nowing
wh
 oue he conul h
d 
en, he p oceed by he ho e o
d o
he ciy.
40. The epo  of he unucceful b
le
nd of he
b
ndonmen of he
c
mp h
d
l e
dy e
ched he e;
nd,
bove
ll ohe objec, he
ho emen we e mou ned no mo e wih p iv
e h
n wih public g ief;
nd
he conul F
biu, he ciy
lo being now
l
med, 
ioned gu
d
befo e he g
e; when he ho emen, een

di
nce, no wihou
ome deg ee of e o by hoe who doubed who hey we e, bu oon being
ecognied, f om

e of d e
d p oduced uch joy, h

hou
pe v
ded he ciy, of pe on cong
ul
ing e
ch ohe on he ho emen
h
ving eu ned 
fe
nd vico iou;
nd f om he houe
lile befo e
in mou ning,
 hey h
d given up hei f iend fo lo, pe on we e
een unning ino he  ee;
nd he
ff ighed mohe 
nd wive,
fo geful of
ll ce emony h ough joy,
n ou o mee he b
nd, e
ch
one uhing up o he own f iend,
nd h ough ex
v
g
nce of deligh
c
cely e
ining powe ove body o mind. The  ibune of he people
who h
d
ppoined
d
y of  i
l fo M
cu Poumiu
nd Tiu
Quiniu, bec
ue of he unucceful b
le fough ne
Veii by hei
me
n, hough h

n oppo uniy now p eened ielf fo enewing he
public odium
g
in hem by e
on of he ecen diple
u e fel

g
in he conul emp oniu. Acco dingly,
meeing being convened,
when hey excl
imed
loud h
 he commonwe
lh h
d been be
yed

Veii by he gene
l, h
 he
my w

fe w
d be
yed by he
conul in he coun y of he Volci
n, bec
ue hey h
d ec
ped wih
impuniy, h
 he ve y b
ve ho emen we e conigned o l
ughe , h

he c
mp w
 h
mefully dee ed; C
iu Juliu, one of he  ibune,
o de ed he ho em
n Temp
niu o be cied,
nd in p eence of hem he

y, "exu Temp
niu, I
 of you, whehe do you hin h
 C
iu
emp oniu he conul eihe commenced he b
le
 he p ope ime, o
 enghened hi line wih ee ve, o h
 he dich
ged
ny duy of

good conul? o did you you elf, when he Rom
n legion we e be
en, of
you own judgmen dimoun he c
v
l y
nd eo e he figh? hen when

you
nd he ho emen wih you we e cu off f om ou
my, did eihe he
conul himelf come o you elief, o did he end you uccou ? Then

g
in, on he following d
y, h
d you
ny
i
nce
ny whe e? o did
you
nd you coho  by you own b
ve y m
e you w
y ino you c
mp?
Did you find
conul o
n
my in he c
mp, o did you find he c
mp
fo 
en, he wounded oldie  lef behind? Thee hing
e o be
decl
ed by you hi d
y,
 become you v
lou
nd honou , by which

lone he epublic h

 ood i g ound on hi d
y. In
wo d, whe e i
C
iu emp oniu, whe e
e ou legion? H
ve you been dee ed, o h
ve
you dee ed he conul
nd he
my? In
wo d, h
ve we been defe
ed,
o h
ve we g
ined he vico y?"
41. In
nwe o hee ueion he l
ngu
ge of Temp
niu i 
id o
h
ve been eni ely devoid of eleg
nce, bu fi m
 bec
me
oldie , no
v
inly p

ding hi own me i, no exuling in he inculp
ion of
ohe : "How much mili
y ill C
iu emp oniu poeed, h
 i w

no hi buine

oldie o judge wih epec o hi comm
nde ,
bu he buine of he Rom
n people when hey we e chooing conul

he elecion. Whe efo e h
 hey hould no eui e f om him
de
il
of he pl
n o be
doped by
gene
l, no of he u
lific
ion o be
looed fo in
conul; which m
e  eui ed o be conide ed by g e

mind
nd g e
 c
p
ciie; bu wh
 he 
w, h
 he could 
e. Th

befo e he w
 ep

ed f om hi own p
y, he 
w he conul fighing
in he fi  line, encou
ging hi men,
cively employed
mid he Rom
n
enign
nd he we
pon of he enemy; h
 he w

fe w
d c
ied ou
of igh of hi f iend. Th
 f om he din
nd houing he pe ceived
h
 he cone w
 p o
ced ill nigh; no did he hin i
poible, f om he g e
 numbe  of he enemy, h
 hey could fo ce
hei w
y o he eminence which he h
d eized on. Whe e he
my migh
be, he did no now; he uppoed h

 he p oeced himelf
nd hi
men, by
dv
n
ge of iu
ion when in d
nge , in he 
me w
y he
conul, fo he pu poe of p ee ving hi
my, h
d eleced
mo e
ecu e pl
ce fo hi c
mp. No did he hin h
 he
ff
i  of he
Volci
n we e in
bee condiion h
n hoe of he Rom
n people.
Th
 fo une
nd he nigh h
d occ
ioned
muliude of mi
e on
boh ide:"
nd hen when he begged h
 hey would no de
in him,
f
igued wih oil
nd wound, he w
 dimied wih high encomium, no
mo e on hi b
ve y h
n hi modey. While hee hing we e going on,
he conul w

 he emple of Re on he o
d le
ding o L
vici.
W
ggon
nd ohe mode of convey
nce we e en hihe f om he ciy,

nd oo up he
my, exh
ued by he
cion
nd he 
velling by
nigh. oon
fe he conul ene ed he ciy, no mo e
nxiou o
emove he bl
me f om himelf, h
n o beow on Temp
niu he p
ie
o well dee ved. Whil he ciizen we e ill o owful in
coneuence of hei ill ucce,
nd incened
g
in hei le
de ,
M
cu Poumiu, being

igned
nd b ough befo e hem, he who h
d
been mili
y  ibune wih conul
powe
 Veii, i condemned in

fine of en hou

nd _
e_ in weigh, of b
. Hi colle
gue, Tiu
Quiniu, who ende
vou ed o hif he eni e bl
me of h
 pe iod on
hi p eviouly condemned colle
gue, w

cuied by
ll he  ibe,
bec
ue boh in he coun y of he Volci
n, when conul, he h
d
conduced buine uccefully unde he
upice of he dic
o ,
Poumiu Tube u,
nd
lo
 Fiden,
 lieuen
n-gene
l of
nohe
dic
o , M
me cu miliu. The memo y of hi f
he , Cincinn
u,
m
n
highly dee ving of vene
ion, i 
id o h
ve been e vice
ble o him,


lo C
piolinu Quiniu, now
dv
nced in ye
, humbly en e
ing
h
 hey would no uffe him who h
d o ho 
ime o live o be he
be
e of uch dim
l iding o Cincinn
u.
42. The common eleced
  ibune of he people, hough
ben, exu

Temp
niu, Aulu elliu, exu Aniiu,
nd pu iu Iciliu, whom
he ho emen by he
dvice of Temp
niu h
d
ppoined o comm
nd hem

cenu ion. The en
e, in
much
 he n
me of conul w
 now becoming
diple
ing h ough he h
 ed fel ow
d emp oniu, o de ed h

mili
y  ibune wih conul
powe hould be eleced. Thoe eleced
we e Luciu M
nliu C
piolinu, Quinu Anoniu Me end
, Luciu
P
pi iu Mugill
nu. A he ve y commencemen of he ye
, Luciu
Ho eniu,
 ibune of he people,
ppoined
d
y of  i
l fo C
iu
emp oniu,
conul of he p eceding ye
,
nd when hi fou
colle
gue, in igh of he Rom
n people, en e
ed him h
 he would
no involve in vex
ion hei unoffending gene
l, in whoe c
e
nohing bu fo une could be bl
med, Ho eniu oo offence, hining
i o be
 ying of hi pe eve
nce,
nd h
 he
ccued depended no
on he en e
ie of he  ibune, which we e me ely ued fo how, bu
on hei p oecion. The efo e now u ning o him, he
ed, "Whe e we e
hoe p
 ici
n
i , whe e he pi i uppo ed
nd confiding in
conciou innocence; h

m
n of conul
digniy oo hele unde
he h
de of he  ibune?" Anohe ime o hi colle
gue, "Wh
 do you
inend doing, if I go on wih he p oecuion; will you w e hei
ju idicion f om he people
nd ove u n he  ibunii
n
uho iy?"
When hey 
id h
, "boh wih epec o emp oniu
nd
ll ohe ,
he powe of he Rom
n people w
 up eme; h
 hey h
d neihe he
will no he powe o do
w
y wih he judgmen of he people; bu if
hei en e
ie fo hei comm
nde , who w
 o hem in he ligh of

p
en, we e o p ove of no
v
il, h
 hey would ch
nge hei
pp
el

long wih him:" hen Ho eniu 

y, "The common of Rome h
ll no
ee hei  ibune in he g
b of culp i. To C
iu emp oniu I h
ve
nohing mo e o 
y, ince when in office he h


ined hi good
fo une, o be o de
o hi oldie ." No w
 he duiful

chmen
of he fou  ibune mo e g
eful
lie o he common
nd p
 ici
n,
h
n w
 he empe of Ho eniu, which yielded o e
dily o hei
ju en e
ie. Fo une no longe indulged he u
n, who h
d emb
ced
he doubful vico y of he Volci
n
 hei own.
43. In he ye
following, when Nume iu F
biu Vibul
nu
nd Tiu
Quiniu C
piolinu, on of C
piolinu, we e conul, nohing wo h
menioning w
 pe fo med unde he conduc of F
biu, o whom h

p ovince h
d f
llen by lo. When he u
n h
d me ely howed hei
d

dly
my, hey we e oued by
h
meful fligh, wihou
ny g e

honou o he conul; he efo e
 iumph i efued. Howeve in
coneuence of h
ving eff
ced he ignominy of emp oniu' defe
, he
w

llowed o ene he ciy wih
n ov
ion. A he w
w
 e min
ed
wih le difficuly h
n hey h
d
pp ehended, o in he ciy, f om


e of 
nuilliy,
n unexpeced m
 of dienion
oe beween
he common
nd p
 ici
n, which commenced wih doubling he numbe of
uo . When he p
 ici
n
pp oved mo highly of hi me
u e,
(viz. h
, beide he wo ciy uo , wo hould
end he
conul o dich
ge ome duie of he mili
y e vice,)
fe i w

moved by he conul, he  ibune of he common conended in
oppoiion o he conul, h
 h
lf of he uo  hould be
ppoined
f om he common; fo up o h
 ime
ll p
 ici
n we e
ppoined.
Ag
in hi p oceeding boh he conul
nd p
 ici
n
 fi   ove
wih
ll hei migh; hen by m
ing
conceion h
 he will of he
people hould be eu
lly f ee in he c
e of uo ,
 hey enjoyed
in he elecion of  ibune wih conul
powe , when hey p oduced bu
lile effec, hey g
ve up he eni e m
e
bou inc e
ing he
numbe of uo . When elinuihed, he  ibune 
e i up,
nd
ohe ediiou cheme
e coninu
lly 
ed,
mong which i h
 of
he
g
i
n l
w. On
ccoun of hee diu b
nce he en
e w

dei ou h
 conul hould be eleced
he h
n  ibune, bu no

dec ee of he en
e could be p
ed in coneuence of he p oe of
he  ibune; he gove nmen f om being conul
c
me o
n ine egnum,

nd no even h
 wihou
g e
  uggle (fo he  ibune p evened
he p
 ici
n f om meeing). When he g e
e p
 of he following
ye
w
 w
ed in conenion by he new  ibune of he common
nd
ome ine ege, he  ibune
 one ime hinde ing he p
 ici
n f om

embling o decl
e
n ine ex,

nohe ime p evening he
ine ex f om p
ing
dec ee eg
ding he elecion of conul;

lengh Luciu P
pi iu Mugill
nu, being nomin
ed ine ex, cenu ing
now he p
 ici
n, now he  ibune of he people,
e ed "h
 he

e, dee ed
nd fo 
en by m
n, being 
en up by he p ovidence

nd c
e of he god, ubied by he Veieni
n  uce
nd he
dil
o ine of he u
n. F om which u
e if
ny
l
m of d
nge be
he
d, did i ple
e hem h
 he 
e, lef wihou
p
 ici
n
m
gi
e, hould be 
en by u p ie? h
 he e hould be no
my,
no gene
l o enli one? Will hey epel
fo eign w
by
n ineine
one? And if hey boh mee, he Rom
n 
e c
n c
cely be 
ved, even
by he
id of he god, f om being ove whelmed. Th
 hey, by eigning
e
ch
po ion of hei  ic igh, hould e
blih conco d by

comp omie; he p

 ici
n, by uffe ing mili
y  ibune wih conul

uho iy o be eleced; he  ibune of he common, by ce

ing o
p oe
g
in he fou uo  being eleced p omicuouly f om he
common
nd p
 ici
n by he f ee uff
ge of he people."
44. The elecion of  ibune w
 fi  held. The e we e choen  ibune
wih conul
powe , Luciu Quiniu Cincinn
u
hi d ime, Luciu
Fu iu Medullinu
econd ime, M
cu M
nliu, Aulu emp oniu
A
inu. On he l
-n
med  ibune p eiding
 he elecion of
uo ,
nd
mong eve
l ohe plebei
n
on of Aniiu,

plebei
n  ibune,
nd
b ohe of exu Pompiliu,
lo
 ibune of
he common, becoming c
ndid
e, neihe he powe no ine e of he
l
e

ll
v
iled o
 o p even hoe, whoe f
he 
nd
g
ndf
he  hey h
d een conul, f om being p efe ed fo hei high
bi h. All he  ibune of he common bec
me en
ged,
bove
ll
Pompiliu
nd Aniiu we e incened
 he ejecion of hei
el
ive. "Wh
 could hi me
n? h
 neihe h ough hei own
indnee, no in coneuence of he inju iou  e
men of he
p
 ici
n, no even h ough he n
u
l dei e of m
ing ue of hei
new igh,
 h
 i now
llowed which w
 no
llowed befo e, w

ny
individu
l of he common eleced if no
mili
y  ibune, no even

uo . Th
 he p
ye  of
f
he in beh
lf of
on, hoe of one
b ohe in beh
lf of
nohe , h
d been of no
v
il, hough p oceeding
f om  ibune of he people,

c o
nc powe c e
ed fo he uppo 
of libe y. The e mu h
ve been ome f
ud in he m
e ,
nd Aulu
emp oniu mu h
ve ued mo e of
ifice
 he elecion h
n w

comp
ible wih honou ." They compl
ined h
 by he unf
i ne of hi
conduc hei f iend h
d been ep ou of office. Acco dingly
 no


c could be m
de on him, ecu ed by hi innocence
nd by he office
he hen held, hey u ned hei eenmen
g
in C
iu emp oniu,
uncle o A
inu;
nd, wih he
id of hei colle
gue M
cu
Co neliu, hey ene ed
p oecuion
g
in him on
ccoun of he
dig
ce u
ined in he Volci
n w
. By he 
me  ibune menion w

f euenly m
de in he en
e conce ning he diviion of he l
nd,
(which cheme C
iu emp oniu h
d
lw
y mo vigo ouly oppoed,) hey
uppoing,
 w
 e
lly he c
e, h
 he
ccued, hould he give up
he ueion, would become le v
lued
mong he p
 ici
n, o by
pe eve ing up o he pe iod of  i
l he would give offence o he
common. He p efe ed o expoe himelf o he o en of popul

p ejudice,
nd o inju e hi own c
ue, h
n o be w
ning o he public
c
ue;
nd he ood fi m in he 
me enimen, "h
 no l
ge hould

be m
de, which w
 u e o u n o he benefi of he h ee  ibune;
h
 i w
 no l
nd w
 ough fo he people, bu odium fo him. Th

he oo would unde go h
 o m wih
dee mined mind; no hould
eihe himelf, no
ny ohe ciizen, be of o much coneuence o he
en
e, h
 in howing ende ne o
n individu
l,
public inju y m
y
be done." When he d
y of  i
l c
me, he, h
ving ple
ded hi own c
ue
wih
pi i by no me
n ubdued, i condemned in
fine of fifeen
hou
nd _
e_, hough he p
 ici
n  ied eve y me
n o m
e he
people elen. The 
me ye
Poumi
,
Ve
l vi gin, i  ied fo

b e
ch of ch
iy, hough guille of he ch
ge; h
ving f
llen unde
upicion in coneuence of he d e being oo g
y
nd he m
nne  le
ee ved h
n become
vi gin, no
voiding he impu
ion wih
ufficien c
e. The c
e w
 fi  defe ed, he w

fe w
d

cuied; bu he chief poniff, by he in ucion of he college,

comm
nded he o ef
in f om indic ee mi h,
nd o d e wih mo e
eg
d o 
nciy h
n eleg
nce. In he 
me ye
Cum,
ciy which
he G ee hen occupied, w
 
en by he C
mp
ni
n.
45. The following ye
h
d fo mili
y  ibune wih conul
powe ,
Ag ipp
Meneniu L
n
u, Publiu Luc eiu T icipiinu, pu iu
N
uiu Ruilu: o he good fo une of he Rom
n people, he ye
w

em

ble
he by g e
 d
nge h
n by loe. The l
ve conpi e o
e fi e o he ciy in eve
l u
e ,
nd whil he people hould
be inen in be
ing
i
nce o he houe in eve y di ecion, o

e up
m
nd eize he ci
del
nd C
piol. Jupie f u
ed hei
ho id deign;
nd he offende , being eized on he info m
ion of
wo (
ccomplice), we e punihed. Ten hou
nd _
e_ in weigh of
b
 p
id ou of he  e
u y,
um which
 h
 ime w
 conide ed
we
lh,
nd hei f eedom, w
 he ew
d confe ed on he p
ie who
dicove ed. The u
n hen beg
n o p ep
e fo
enew
l of
hoiliie;
nd
n
ccoun w
 b ough o Rome f om good
uho iy,
h
 new enemie, he L
vic
ni
n, we e fo ming
co
liion wih he old
one. The 
e h
d now become h
biu
ed,
 i we e, o he

nnive 
y
m of he u
n. When
mb

do  we e en o L
vici

nd b ough b
c f om hence
n ev
ive
nwe , f om which i bec
me
eviden h
 neihe w
w
 inended he e, no would pe
ce be of long
coninu
nce, in ucion we e given o he Tucul
n, h
 hey hould
obe ve
enively, le
ny new commoion hould
ie
 L
vici. To
he mili
y  ibune, wih conul
powe , of he following ye
,
Luciu e giu Fiden
, M
cu P
pi iu Mugill
nu, C
iu e viliu he
on of P icu, in whoe dic
o hip Fiden h
d been 
en,
mb

do 
c
me f om Tuculum, ju
 hey ene ed on hei office. The

mb

do  b ough wo d h
 he L
vic
ni
n h
d 
en
m,
nd h
ving

v
ged he Tucul
n e io y in conjuncion wih he
my of he
u
n, h
 hey h
d piched hei c
mp
 Algidum. Then w
w

p ocl
imed
g
in he L
vic
ni
n;
nd
dec ee of he en
e h
ving
been p
ed, h
 wo of he  ibune hould p oceed o he w
,
nd
h
 one hould m
n
ge
ff
i 
 Rome,
cone uddenly p ung up

mong he  ibune. E

ch ep eened himelf

fie pe on o 
e
he le
d in he w
,
nd co ned he m
n
gemen of he ciy

di
g ee
ble
nd inglo iou. When he en
e beheld wih u p ie he
indecen conenion beween he colle
gue, Quinu e viliu 
y,
"ince he e i no epec eihe fo hi houe, o fo he
commonwe
lh, p
en
l
uho iy h
ll e
ide hi
le c
ion of
you . My on, wihou h
ving ecou e o lo, h
ll 
e ch
ge of he
ciy. I wih h
 hoe who
e o dei ou of m
n
ging he w
, m
y
conduc i wih mo e conide
ion
nd h
mony h
n hey cove i."
46. I w
 dee mined h
 he levy hould no be m
de ou of he eni e
body of he people indic imin
ely. Ten  ibe we e d
wn by lo; he

wo  ibune enlied he younge men ou of hee,

nd led hem o he
w
. The conenion which commenced beween hem in he ciy, we e,
h ough he 
me e
ge
mbiion fo comm
nd, c
ied o
much g e
e
heigh in he c
mp: on no one poin did hey hin
lie; hey conended
 enuouly fo hei own opinion; hey dei ed hei own pl
n, hei
own comm
nd only o be
ified; hey muu
lly depied e
ch ohe ,
nd
we e depied, unil, on he emon
nce of he lieuen
n-gene
l,
i w

 lengh o

nged, h
 hey hould hold he up eme comm
nd
on
le n
e d
y. When
n
ccoun of hee p oceeding w
 b ough o
Rome, Quinu e viliu, 
ugh by ye

nd expe ience, i 
id o
h
ve p
yed o he immo 
l god, h
 he dico d of he  ibune migh
no p ove mo e de imen
l o he commonwe
lh h
n i h
d done
 Veii:

nd,
 if ome ce 
in di
e w
 impending ove hem, he p eed hi
on o enli oldie 
nd p ep
e
m. No w
 he
f
le p ophe. Fo
unde he conduc of Luciu e giu, whoe d
y of comm
nd i w
, being
uddenly

ced by he u
n on di
dv
n
geou g ound ne
he
enemy' c
mp,
fe h
ving been decoyed hihe by he v
in hope of

ing i, bec
ue he enemy h
d coune feied fe

nd be
en
hemelve o hei
mp
, hey we e be
en down
decliviy,
nd
g e
 numbe  we e ove powe ed
nd l
ughe ed by hei umbling one
ove he ohe
he h
n by fligh:
nd he c
mp, e
ined wih
difficuly on h
 d
y, w
, on he following d
y, dee ed by

h
meful fligh h ough he oppoie g
e, he enemy h
ving inveed i
in eve
l di ecion. The gene
l, lieuen
n-gene
l,
nd uch of
he m
in body of he
my
 ep ne
he colou , m
de hei w
y o
Tuculum; ohe , dipe ed in eve y di ecion h ough he field,
h
ened o Rome by diffe en o
d,
nnouncing
he
vie lo h
n h
d
been u
ined. The e w
 le of cone n
ion, bec
ue he eul
co eponded o he
pp ehenion of pe on;
nd bec
ue he
einfo cemen, which hey could loo o in hi di eing 
e of
hing, h
d been p ep
ed by he mili
y  ibune:
nd by hi o de ,

fe he diu b
nce in he ciy w
 uieed by he infe io
m
gi
e, cou we e in
nly dep
ched,
nd b ough inelligence
h
 he gene
l
nd he
my we e
 Tuculum; h
 he enemy h
d no
emoved hei c
mp. And, wh

ied hei pi i mo, Quinu
e viliu P icu w
 c e
ed dic
o in pu u
nce of
dec ee of he
en
e;
m
n whoe judgmen in public
ff
i  he 
e h
d expe ienced

 well on m
ny p eviou occ
ion,
 in he iue of h
 w
, bec
ue
he
lone h
d exp eed hi
pp ehenion of he eul of he dipue

mong he  ibune, befo e he occu ence of he mifo une; he h

ving

ppoined fo hi m
e of he ho e, by whom,
 mili
y  ibune, he
h
d been nomin
ed dic
o , hi own on,
 ome h
ve 
ed, (fo
ohe  menion h
 Ah
l
e viliu w
 m
e of he ho e h
 ye
;)

nd eing ou o he w

wih hi newly-
ied
my,
fe ending fo
hoe who we e
 Tuculum, choe g ound fo hi c
mp
 he di
nce
of wo mile f om he enemy.
47. The
og
nce
nd negligence
iing f om ucce, which h
d
p eviouly exied in he Rom
n gene
l, we e now 
nfe ed o he
u
n. Acco dingly, when in he ve y fi  eng
gemen he dic
o h
d
h own he enemy' v
n ino dio de by
ch
ge of hi c
v
l y, he
immedi
ely o de ed he inf
n y o
dv
nce,
nd lew one of hi own

nd
d-be
e  who hei
ed in o doing. o g e
 w
 he
dou o
figh, h
 he u
n did no 
nd he hoc;
nd when, v
nuihed in
he field, hey m
de fo hei c
mp in
p ecipi
e fligh, he 
ing
of i w
 ho e in ime
nd le in  ouble h
n he b
le h
d been.
Afe he c
mp h
d been 
en
nd plunde ed,
nd he dic
o h
d given
up he poil o he oldie ,
nd he c
v
l y, who h
d pu ued he enemy
in hei fligh, b ough b
c inelligence h

ll he L
vic
ni
n we e
v
nuihed,
nd h

conide
ble numbe of he u
n h
d fled o

L
vici, he
my w
 m
ched o L
vici on he following d
y;
nd he
own, being inveed on
ll ide, w
 
en by o m
nd plunde ed. The
dic
o , h
ving m
ched b
c hi vico iou
my o Rome, eigned hi
office on he eighh d
y
fe he h
d been
ppoined;
nd befo e

g
i
n diu b
nce could be
ied by he  ibune of he common,

lluion h
ving been m
de o
diviion of he L
vic
ni
n l
nd, he
en
e ve y oppo unely voed in full
embly h

colony hould be
conduced o L
vici. One hou
nd five hund ed coloni we e en f om
he ciy,
nd eceived e
ch wo
c e. L
vici being 
en,
nd
ubeuenly Ag ipp
Meneniu L
n
u,
nd Luciu e viliu  ucu,

nd Publiu Luc eiu T icipiinu,

ll hee
econd ime,
nd pu iu
Ruiliu C
u being mili
y  ibune wih conul

uho iy,
nd on
he following ye
Aulu emp oniu A
inu
hi d ime,
nd M
cu
P
pi iu Mugill
nu
nd pu iu N
uiu Ruilu boh
econd ime,

ff
i 
b o
d we e pe
ce
ble fo wo ye
, bu
 home he e w

dienion f om he
g
i
n l
w.
48. The diu be  of he common we e pu iu Mciliu
fou h ime,

nd pu iu Miliu
hi d ime,  ibune of he people, boh eleced
du ing hei
bence. And
fe hey h
d p opoed
bill, h
 he l
nd

en f om he enemy hould be divided m
n by m
n,
nd he p ope y of

conide
ble p
 of he noble would be confic
ed by uch

me
u e; fo he e w
 c
cely
ny of he l
nd, conide ing he ciy
ielf w
 buil on

nge oil, h
 h
d no been
cui ed by
m;
no h
d
ny ohe pe on excep he common poeion of h
 which
h
d been old o publicly
igned,
violen cone beween he
common
nd p
 ici
n eemed o be
 h
nd; no did he mili
y
 ibune dicove eihe in he en
e, o in he p iv
e meeing of
he noble,
ny line of conduc o pu ue; when Appiu Cl
udiu, he
g
ndon of him who h
d been decemvi fo compiling he l
w, being he
younge en
o of he meeing, i 
ed o h
ve 
id; "h
 he
b ough f om home
n old
nd
f
mily cheme, fo h
 hi
g e
-g
ndf
he , Appiu Cl
udiu, h
d hown he p
 ici
n one mehod
of b
ffling  ibunii
n powe by he p oe of hei colle
gue; h

men of low
n we e e
ily led
w
y f om hei opinion by he
influence of men of diincion, if l
ngu
ge we e
dd eed o hem
ui
ble o he ime,
he h
n o he digniy of he pe
e . Th

hei enimen we e egul
ed by hei ci cum
nce. When hey hould
ee h
 hei colle
gue, h
ving he 
 in in oducing he me
u e,
h
d eng oed o hemelve he whole c edi of i wih he common,
nd
h
 no oom w
 lef fo hem, h
 hey would wihou eluc
nce
incline o he ine e of he en
e, h ough which hey m
y concili
e
he f
vou no only of he p incip
l en
o , bu of he whole body."
All exp eing hei
pp ob
ion,
nd
bove
ll, Quiniu e viliu
P icu eulogizing he youh, bec
ue he h
d no degene
ed f om he
Cl
udi
n
ce,
ch
ge i given, h
 hey hould g
in ove
 m
ny of
he college of he  ibune
 hey could, o ene p oe. On he
b e
ing up of he en
e he  ibune
e
pplied o by he le
ding
p
 ici
n: by pe u
ding,
dmonihing,
nd
u ing hem "h
 i would
be g
efully fel by hem individu
lly,
nd g
efully by he eni e
en
e, hey p ev
iled on ix o give in hei p oe." And on he
following d
y, when he p opoiion w
 ubmied o he en
e,
 h
d
been p econce ed, conce ning he ediion which Mciliu
nd Miliu
we e exciing by u ging
l
ge of
mo michievou p eceden, uch
peeche we e delive ed by he le
ding en
o , h
 e
ch decl
ed
"h
 fo hi p
 he h
d no me
u e o
dvie, no did he ee
ny
ohe eou ce in
ny hing, excep in he
id of he  ibune. Th
 o
he p oecion of h
 powe he epublic, emb

ed
 i w
, fled
fo uccou , ju

p iv
e individu
l in di e. Th
 i w

highly honou
ble o hemelve
nd o hei office h
 he e eided

no in he  ibunehip mo e  engh o h

 he en
e
nd o excie
diunion
mong he eve
l o de , h
n o ei hei pe ve e
colle
gue." Then
hou
oe h oughou he eni e en
e, when he
 ibune we e
ppe
led o f om
ll p
 of he houe: hen ilence
being e
blihed, hoe who h
d been p ep
ed h ough he ine e of
he le
ding men, decl
e h
 hey will p oe
g
in he me
u e
which h
d been p opoed by hei colle
gue,
nd which he en
e
conide  o end o he dioluion of he 
e. Th
n we e eu ned
o he p oeo  by he en
e. The move  of he l
w, h
ving convened

meeing,
nd yling hei colle
gue 
io  o he ine e of he
common
nd he l
ve of he conul
,
nd
fe inveighing
g
in
hem in ohe
buive l
ngu
ge, elinuihed he me
u e.
49. The following ye
, on which Publiu Co neliu Cou, C
iu
V
le iu Poiu, Quinu Quiniu Cincinn
u, Nume iu F
biu
Vibul
nu we e mili
y  ibune wih conul
powe , would h
ve b ough
wih i wo coninu
l w
, h
d no he Veieni
n c
mp
ign been defe ed
by he eligiou c uple of he le
de , whoe l
nd we e de oyed,
chiefly by he uin of he coun y-e
, in coneuence of he Tibe
h
ving ove flowed i b
n. A he 
me ime he lo u
ined h ee
ye
 befo e p evened he u
n f om
ffo ding
i
nce o he
Bol
ni,

e belonging o hei own n
ion. Excu ion h
d been m
de
f om hence on he coniguou e io y of L
vici,
nd hoiliie we e
commied on he new colony. A hey h
d expeced o be
ble o defend
hi
c of
gg eion by he concu en uppo  of
ll he u
n, when
dee ed by hei f iend hey lo boh hei own
nd l
nd,
fe

w
no even wo h menioning, h ough
iege
nd one ligh b
le. An

emp m
de by Luciu exiu,  ibune of he people, o move
l
w by
which coloni migh be en o Bol
lo, in lie m
nne
 o L
vici,
w
 defe
ed by he p oe of hi colle
gue, who decl
ed openly h

hey would uffe no o de of he common o be p
ed, unle wih he

pp ob
ion of he en
e. On he following ye
he u
n, h
ving
ecove ed Bol,
nd en
colony hihe ,  enghened he own wih

ddiion
l fo ific
ion, he mili
y  ibune wih conul
powe

Rome being Cneiu Co neliu Cou, Luciu V
le iu Poiu, Quinu
F
biu Vibul
nu
econd ime, M
cu Poumiu Regilleni. The w

g
in he u
n w
 in ued o he l
e ,
m
n of dep
ved mind,
which vico y m
nifeed mo e effecu
lly h
n w
. Fo h
ving wih
g e

civiy levied
n
my
nd m
ched i o Bol,
fe b e
ing
down he pi i of he u
n in ligh eng
gemen, he
 lengh
fo ced hi w
y ino he own. He hen u ned he cone f om he enemy
o hi coun ymen;
nd when du ing he

ul he h
d p ocl
imed, h

he plunde hould belong o he oldie ,
fe he own w
 
en he
b oe hi wo d. I
m mo e inclined o believe h
 hi w
 he c
ue of
he diple
u e of he
my, h
n h
 in
ciy l
ely 
ced
nd in

colony ill young he e w

 le booy found h
n he  ibune h
d
ep eened. An exp eion of hi he
d in he
embly, which w
 ve y
illy
nd
lmo in
ne,
fe he eu ned ino he ciy on being en
fo on
ccoun of ome  ibunii
n diu b
nce, inc e
ed hi b
d
feeling; on exu,
 ibune of he common, p opoing
n
g
i
n l
w,

nd
 he 
me ime decl
ing h
 he would
lo p opoe h
 coloni
hould be en o Bol; fo h
 hoe who h
d 
en hem by hei
m
we e dee ving h
 he ciy
nd l
nd of Bol hould belong o hem, he
excl
imed, "Woe o my oldie , if hey
e no uie;" which wo d,
when he
d, g
ve no g e
e offence o he
embly, h
n hey did oon

fe o he p
 ici
n. And he plebei
n  ibune being
h
p m
n
nd
by no me
n devoid of elouence, h
ving found
mong hi
dve 
ie hi
h
ughy empe
nd unb idled ongue, which by i i
ing
nd exciing he
could u ge ino uch exp eion
 migh p ove
ou ce of odium no
only o himelf, bu o hi c
ue
nd o he eni e body, he  ove o

d
w Poumiu ino dicuion mo e f euenly h
n
ny of he college
of mili
y  ibune. Then indeed,
fe o b u
l
nd inhum
n
n
exp eion, "Rom
n," 
y he, "do ye he
him h e
ening woe o hi
oldie 
 o l
ve? Ye hi b ue will
ppe
o you mo e dee ving
of o high
n honou h
n hoe who end you ino colonie,
fe h
ving
g
ned o you ciie
nd l
nd; who p ovide
elemen fo you old

ge, who figh

g
in uch c uel
nd
og
n
dve 
ie in defence
of you ine e. Begin hen o wonde why few pe on now unde 
e
you c
ue. Wh

e hey o expec f om you? i i honou  which you
give o you
dve 
ie
he h
n o he ch
mpion of he Rom
n
people. You fel indign
n ju now, on he
ing
n exp eion of hi
m
n? Wh
 m
e  h
, if you will p efe hi m
n who h e
en woe o
you, o hoe who
e dei ou o ecu e fo you l
nd, elemen,
nd
p ope y?"
50. Thi exp eion of Poumiu being conveyed o he oldie , excied
in he c
mp much g e
e indign
ion. "Did he embezzle of he poil

nd he def
ude h e
en woe
lo o he oldie ?" Acco dingly, when
he mu mu of indign
ion now bec
me
vowed,
nd he uo , Publiu
eiu, hough h
 he muiny migh be u
hed by he 
me violence
by which i h
d been excied; on hi ending
lico o one of he
oldie  who w
 cl
mo ou, when
umul
nd cuffle
oe f om he
ci cum
nce, being  uc wih
one he ei ed f om he c owd; he
pe on who h
d given he blow, fu he obe ving wih
nee , "Th
 he
uo go wh
 he gene
l h
d h e
ened o he oldie ." Poumiu
being en fo in coneuence of he diu b
nce, ex
pe
ed eve y
hing by he eve iy of hi inui ie
nd he c uely of hi
punihmen. A l
, when he e no bound o hi eenmen,
c owd
collecing
 he c ie of hoe whom he h
d o de ed o be pu o de
h
unde
hu dle, he himelf m
dly
n down f om hi  ibun
l o hoe who
we e ine uping he execuion. The e, when he lico , ende
vou ing
o dipe e hem,

lo he cenu ion, i i
ed he c owd, hei
indign
ion bu  fo h o uch
deg ee, h
 he mili
y  ibune w

ove whelmed wih one by hi own
my. When
n
ccoun w
 b ough o
Rome of o heinou
deed, he mili
y  ibune ende
vou ing o p ocu e

dec ee of he en
e fo
n inui y ino he de
h of hei colle
gue,
he  ibune of he people ene ed hei p oe. Bu h
 conenion
b
nched ou of
nohe ubjec of dipue; bec
ue he p
 ici
n h
d
become une
y le he common, h ough d e
d of he inui ie
nd
h ough eenmen, migh elec mili
y  ibune f om hei own body:

nd hey  ove wih

ll hei migh h
 conul hould be eleced.
When he plebei
n  ibune did no uffe he dec ee of he en
e o
p
,
nd when hey
lo p oeed
g
in he elecion of conul, he

ff
i w
 b ough o
n ine egnum. The vico y w
 hen on he ide
of he p
 ici
n.
51. Quinu F
biu Vibul
nu, ine ex, p eiding in he
embly, Aulu
Co neliu Cou, Luciu Fu iu Medullinu we e eleced conul. Du ing
hei office,
 he commencemen of he ye
,
dec ee of he en
e
w
 p
ed h
 he  ibune hould,
 he e
lie oppo uniy,
p opoe o he common
n inui y ino he mu de of Poumiu,
nd h

he common hould
ppoin whomoeve hey hough p ope o conduc he
inui y. The office i in ued o he conul by he common wih he
conen of he people
 l
ge, who,
fe h
ving execued he 
 wih
he umo mode
ion
nd leniy by punihing only
few, who he e
e
ufficien g ound fo believing pu
pe iod o hei own live, ill
could no ucceed o
 o p even he people f om feeling he umo
diple
u e. "Th
 coniuion, which we e en
ced fo hei

dv
n
ge, l
y o long unexecued; while
l
w p
ed in he me
n ime
eg
ding hei blood
nd punihmen w
 in
nly pu ino execuion


nd poeed full fo ce." Thi w

mo e
on
ble ime,
fe he
punihmen of he muiny, h
 he diviion of he e io y of Bol
hould be p eened

oohe o hei mind; by which p oceeding
hey would h
ve diminihed hei e
ge ne fo
n
g
i
n l
w, which
ended o expel he p
 ici
n f om he public l
nd unjuly poeed
by hem. Then hi ve y indigniy ex
pe
ed hei mind, h
 he
nobiliy pe ied no only in e
ining he public l
nd, which hey
go poeion of by fo ce, bu would no even di ibue o he common
he unoccupied l
nd l
ely 
en f om he enemy,
nd which would, lie
he e, oon become he p ey of
few. The 
me ye
he legion we e
led ou by he conul Fu iu
g
in he Volci
n, who we e
v
ging
he coun y of he He nici
n,
nd finding no enemy he e, hey oo
Fe eninum, whihe
g e
 muliude of he Volci
n h
d be
en
hemelve. The e w
 le plunde h
n hey h
d expeced; bec
ue he
Volci
n, eeing m
ll hope of eeping i, c
ied off hei effec

nd
b
ndoned he own. I w
 
en on he following d
y, being ne
ly
dee ed. The l
nd ielf w
 given o he He nici
n.
52. The ye
, 
nuil h ough he mode
ion of he  ibune, w

ucceeded by one in which Luciu Iciliu w
 plebei
n  ibune, Quinu
F
biu Ambuu, C
iu Fu iu P
cilu being conul. When hi m
n,

he ve y commencemen of he ye
, beg
n o excie diu b
nce by he
public
ion of
g
i
n l
w,
 if uch w
 he 
 of hi n
me
nd
f
mily,
peilence b oe ou, mo e
l
ming howeve h
n de
dly, which
dive ed men' hough f om he fo um
nd poliic
l dipue o hei
domeic conce n
nd he c
e of hei pe on
l he
lh;
nd pe on
hin h
 i w
 le michievou h
n he diu b
nce would h
ve
p oved. The 
e being f eed f om hi (which w

ended) wih
ve y
gene
l p e
d of illne, hough ve y few de
h, he ye
of
peilence w
 followed by
c
ciy of g
in, he culiv
ion of he
l
nd h
ving been negleced,
 uu
lly h
ppen, M
cu P
pi iu
A
inu, C
iu N
uiu Ruilu being conul. The f
mine would now
h
ve p oved mo e dim
l h
n he peilence, h
d no he c
ciy been
elieved by ending envoy
ound
ll he 
e, which bo de on he
Tuc
n e

nd he Tibe , o pu ch
e he co n. The envoy we e
p evened f om 
ding in
n inolen m
nne by he 
mnii
n, who we e
in poeion of C
pu

nd Cum; on he con
y, hey we e indly

ied by he y
n of icily. The Tibe b ough down he g e
e
upplie, h ough he ve y
cive ze
l of he E u i
n. In coneuence
of he icne, he conul l
bou ed unde
p
uciy of h
nd in
conducing he gove nmen; when no finding mo e h
n one en
o fo
e
ch emb
y, hey we e obliged o

ch o i wo nigh. Excep f om
he peilence
nd he c
ciy, he e w
 no ine n
l o exe n
l

nnoy
nce du ing hoe wo ye
. Bu
 oon
 hee c
ue of
nxiey
di
ppe
ed,
ll hoe evil by which he 
e h
d hihe o been
di eed, 
ed up, dico d
 home, w

b o
d.
53. In he conulhip of M
me cu miliu
nd C
iu V
le iu Poiu,
he u
n m
de p ep

ion fo w
; he Volci
n, hough no by
public
uho iy, 
ing up
m,
nd ene ing he e vice
 volunee 
fo p
y. When on he epo  of hee enemie h
ving 
ed up, (fo
hey h
d now p
ed ino he L
in
nd He nic
n l
nd,) M
cu Mniu,

p opoe of
n
g
i
n l
w, would ob uc V
le iu he conul when
holding
levy,
nd when no one oo he mili
y o
h
g
in hi own
will unde he p oecion of he  ibune;
n
ccoun i uddenly b ough
h
 he ci
del of C
ven
h
d been eized by he enemy. The dig
ce
incu ed by hi even w
 boh
ou ce of odium o Mniu in he h
nd
of he f
he ,
nd i mo eove
ffo ded o he ohe  ibune,
l e
dy
p e-eng
ged
 p oeo 
g
in
n
g
i
n l
w,
mo e juifi
ble
p eex fo eiing hei colle
gue. Whe efo e
fe he m
e h
d

been p o
ced fo
long ime by w
ngling, he conul c
lling god

nd men o wine, h
 wh
eve dig
ce o lo h
d eihe been

l e
dy u
ined o hung ove hem f om he enemy, he bl
me of i
would be impued o Mniu, who hinde ed he levy; Mniu, on he ohe
h
nd, excl
iming "h
 if he unju occupie  would yield up poeion
of he public l
nd, he would c
ue no del
y o he levy:" he nine
 ibune ine poing
dec ee, pu
n end o he cone;
nd hey
p ocl
imed
 he dee min
ion of hei college, "h
 hey would, fo
he pu poe of he levy, in oppoiion o he p oe of hei
colle
gue,
ffo d hei
id o C
iu V
le iu he conul in inflicing
fine
nd ohe pen
lie on hoe who efued o enli." When he
conul,
med wih hi dec ee, o de ed ino p ion
few who
ppe
led
o he  ibune, he e oo he mili
y o
h f om fe
. The
my w

m
ched o he ci
del of C
ven
,
nd hough h
ed by
nd diliing
he conul, hey on hei fi 
iv
l ecove ed he ci
del in

pi ied m
nne , h
ving dilodged hoe who we e p oecing i; ome in
ue of plunde h
ving 
ggled
w
y h ough c
elene f om he
g
ion,
ffo ded
n oppo uniy fo

cing hem. The e w

conide
ble booy f om he con
n dev

ion, bec
ue
ll h
d been
colleced ino

fe pl
ce. Thi he conul o de ed he uo  o
ell by
ucion
nd c
y i ino he  e
u y, decl
ing h
 he
my
hould hen p
icip
e in he booy, when hey h
d no declined he
e vice. The ex
pe
ion of he common
nd oldie 
g
in he conul
w
 hen
ugmened. Acco dingly, when by
dec ee of he en
e he
conul ene ed he ciy in
n ov
ion, ude ve e in couple we e
h own ou wih mili
y licence; in which he conul w
 eve ely
h
ndled, whil he n
me of Mniu w
 c ied up wih encomium, when

eve y menion of he  ibune he

chmen of he u ounding people
vied by hei
ppl
ue
nd commend
ion wih he loud p
ie of he
oldie . And h
 ci cum
nce occ
ioned mo e
nxiey o he
p
 ici
n, h
n he w
non
ille y of he oldie 
g
in he
conul, which w
 in
m
nne
uu
l hing;
nd he elecion of Mniu

mong he mili

y  ibune being deemed
 no longe ueion
ble, if
he hould become
c
ndid
e, he w
 ep ou of i by
n elecion fo
conul being
ppoined.
54. Cneiu Co neliu Cou
nd Luciu Fu iu Medullinu we e eleced
conul. The common we e no on
ny ohe occ
ion mo e di
ified

he elecion of  ibune no being conceded o hem. Thi ene of

nnoy
nce hey boh m
nifeed
 he nomin
ion of uo ,
nd

venged by hen elecing plebei

n fo he fi  ime
 uo ; o
h
 in elecing fou , oom w
 lef fo only one p
 ici
n; whil
h ee plebei
n, Quinu iliu, Publiu Aeliu,
nd Publiu Pupiu,
we e p efe ed o young men of he mo illu iou f
milie. I le
n
h
 he p incip
l
dvie  of he people, in hi o independen

beowing of hei uff

ge, we e he Icilii, h ee ou of hi f
mily
mo hoile o he p
 ici
n h
ving been eleced  ibune of he
common fo h
 ye
, by hei holding ou he g
nd p opec of m
ny

nd g e

chievemen o he people, who bec
me coneuenly mo

den;
fe hey h
d
ffi med h
 hey would no i
ep, if he
people would no, even
 he elecion of uo , he only one which
he en
e h
d lef open o he common
nd p
 ici
n, evince
ufficien pi i o
ccomplih h
 which hey h
d o long wihed fo ,

nd which w

llowed by he l
w. Thi he efo e he people conide ed

n impo 
n vico y;
nd h
 uo hip hey eim
ed no by he
exen of he honou ielf; bu
n
cce eemed opened o new men o
he conulhip
nd he honou  of
 iumph. The p
 ici
n, on he
ohe h
nd, exp eed hei indign
ion no o much
 he honou  of
he 
e being h
ed, bu
 hei being lo; hey 
id h
, "if
m
e  be o, child en need no longe be educ
ed; who being d iven

f om he 
ion of hei
nceo ,
nd eeing ohe  in he poeion
of hei digniy, would be lef wihou comm
nd o powe ,
 me e 
lii

nd fl
men, wih no ohe employmen h
n o offe 
c ifice fo he
people." The mind of boh p
ie being i i
ed, ince he common
h
d boh
umed new cou
ge,
nd h
d now h ee le
de  of he mo
diinguihed epu
ion fo he popul
ide; he p
 ici
n eeing
h
 he eul of
ll he elecion would be imil
o h
 fo
uo , whe eve he people h
d he choice f om boh ide,  ove
vigo ouly fo he elecion of conul, which w
 no ye open o hem.
The Icilii, on he con
y, 
id h
 mili
y  ibune hould be
eleced,
nd h
 po of honou hould be
 lengh imp
ed o he
common.
55. Bu he conul h
d no p oceeding on h
nd, by oppoing which hey
could exo  h
 which hey dei ed; when by
n ex
o din
y
nd
f
vou
ble occu ence
n
ccoun i b ough h
 he Volci
n
nd
u
n h
d p oceeded beyond hei f onie  ino he L
in
nd He nic
n
e io y o commi dep ed
ion. Fo which w
when he conul
commence o hold
levy in pu u
nce of
dec ee of he en
e, he
 ibune hen  enuouly oppoed hem,
ffi ming h
 uch
fo un
e
oppo uniy w
 p eened o hem
nd o he common. The e we e h ee,

nd
ll ve y
cive men,
nd of epec
ble f
milie, conide ing hey
we e plebei
n. Two of hem chooe e
ch
conul, o be w
ched by hem
wih un emiing
iduiy; o one i
igned he ch
ge omeime of
e
ining, omeime of exciing, he common by hi h

ngue.
Neihe he conul effeced he levy, no he  ibune he elecion
which hey dei ed. Then fo une inclining o he c
ue of he people,
exp ee
ive h
 he u
n h
d

ced he ci
del of C
ven
,
he oldie  who we e in g
ion h
ving 
ggled
w
y in ue of
plunde ,
nd h
d pu o de
h he few lef o gu
d i; h
 ohe  we e
l
in
 hey we e eu ning o he ci
del,
nd ohe  who we e
dipe ed h ough he coun y. Thi ci cum
nce, p ejudici
l o he

e,
dded fo ce o he p ojec of he  ibune. Fo ,

iled by
eve y
gumen o no pu poe h
 hey would hen
 lengh dei f om
ob ucing he w
, when hey yielded neihe o he public o m, no
o he odium hemelve, hey ucceed o f

 o h
ve
dec ee of he
en
e p
ed fo he elecion of mili
y  ibune; wih
n exp e
ipul
ion, howeve , h
 no c
ndid
e hould be conide ed, who w

 ibune of he people h
 ye
,
nd h
 no one hould be e-eleced
plebei
n  ibune fo he ye
following; he en
e undoubedly poining

 he Icili
n, whom hey upeced of
iming
 he conul

 ibunehip
 he ew
d of hei u bulen  ibunehip of he common.
Then he levy beg
n o p oceed,
nd p ep

ion fo w
beg
n o be
m
de wih he concu ence of
ll
n. The dive iy of he 
emen
of w ie  le
ve i unce 
in whehe boh he conul e ou fo he
ci
del of C
ven
, o whehe one em
ined behind o hold he
elecion; hoe f
c in which hey do no di
g ee
e o be eceived

 ce 
in, h
 hey ei ed f om he ci
del of C
ven
,
fe h
ving
c
ied on he

c fo
long ime o no pu poe: h
 Ve ugo in he
Volci
n coun y w
 
en by he 
me
my,
nd h
 g e
 dev

ion
h
d been m
de,
nd conide
ble booy c
pu ed boh
mong he u
n

nd in he Volci
n e io y.
56. A Rome,
 he common g
ined he vico y o f

 o h
ve he
ind of elecion which hey p efe ed, o in he iue of he elecion
he p
 ici
n we e vico iou; fo , con
y o he expec
ion of
ll,
h ee p
 ici
n we e eleced mili
y  ibune wih conul
powe ,
C
iu Juliu Julu, Publiu Co neliu Cou, C
iu e viliu Ah
l
.
They 
y h

n
ifice w
 employed by he p
 ici
n (wih which he
Icilii ch
ged hem even
 he ime); h
 by ine mixing
c owd of

unwo hy c
ndid
e wih he dee ving, hey u ned
w
y he hough of
he people f om he plebei
n h ough he digu excied by he
em

ble me
nne of ome. Then iding
e b ough h
 he Volci
n

nd u
n, whehe he eenion of he ci
del of C
ven

ied
hei hope, o he lo of he g
ion
 Ve ugo excied hei
eenmen, unied in m
ing p ep

ion fo w
wih he umo
ene gy: h
 he Ani
n we e he chief p omoe  of he p ojec; h

hei
mb

do  h
d gone
bou he 
e of boh hee n
ion,
upb
iding hei d

dly conduc; h
 hu up wihin hei w
ll,
hey h
d on he p eceding ye
uffe ed he Rom
n o c
y hei
dep ed
ion h oughou hei coun y,
nd he g
ion of Ve ugo o be
ove powe ed. Th
 now no only
med  oop bu colonie
lo we e en
ino hei e io ie;
nd h
 no only he Rom
n di ibued
mong
hemelve
nd ep hei p ope y, bu h
 hey h
d m
de
p een o
he He nici of Fe eninum wh
 h
d been 
en f om hem. Afe hei
mind we e infl
med by hee emon
nce,
cco ding
 hey m
de

pplic
ion o e
ch,
g e
 numbe of young men we e enlied. Thu
he youh of
ll he 
e we e d
wn ogehe o Anium: he e hey
piched hei c
mp
nd
w
ied he enemy. When hee
ccoun
e
epo ed
 Rome wih much g e
e
l
m h
n he ci cum
nce
w

ned, he en
e in
nly o de ed
dic
o o be nomin
ed,
which w
 hei l
 eou ce in pe ilou ci cum
nce. They 
y h

Juliu
nd Co neliu we e much offended
 hi p oceeding,
nd h
 he
m
e w

ccomplihed wih g e
 w
mh of empe : when he le
ding
men of he p
 ici
n, compl
ining f uilely h
 he mili
y
 ibune would no confo m o he judgmen of he en
e,
 l


ppe
led even o he  ibune of he common,
nd 
ed h
 fo ce h
d
been ued even wih he conul by h
 body on
imil
occ
ion. The
plebei
n  ibune, ove joyed
 he dienion
mong he p
 ici
n,

id, "h
 he e w
 no uppo  in pe on who we e no held in he

n of ciizen, no even of hum
n being; if eve he po of honou
we e open,
nd he
dmini
ion of gove nmen we e h
ed, h
 hey
hould hen ee h
 he dec ee of he en
e hould no be inv
lid
ed
by he
og
nce of m
gi
e; h
 in he me
n while, he p
 ici
n,
un e
ined
 hey we e by epec fo l
w o m
gi
e, mu
m
n
ge he  ibunii
n office
lo by hemelve."
57. Thi conenion occupied men' hough

mo une
on
ble ime,
when
w
of uch impo 
nce w
 on h
nd: unil when Juliu
nd
Co neliu dec
ned fo
long ime by u n, on "how unju i w
 h


po of honou confe ed on hem by he people w

 now o be w eed
f om hem, ince hey we e gene
l ufficienly u
lified o conduc
h
 w
." Then Ah
l
e viliu, mili
y  ibune, 
y, "h
 he h
d
em
ined ilen fo o long
ime, no bec
ue he w
 unce 
in
 o
hi opinion, (fo wh
 good ciizen c
n ep

e hi own ine e f om
hoe of he public,) bu bec
ue he wihed h
 hi colle
gue hould
of hei own
cco d yield o he
uho iy of he en
e,
he h
n
uffe he  ibunii
n powe o be uppli
nly
ppe
led o
g
in hem.
Th
 even hen, if ci cum
nce pe mied, he would ill give hem
ime o e
c
n opinion oo pe in
ciouly
dhe ed o. Bu ince he
exigence of w
do no
w
i he counel of men, h
 he public we
l
w
 of deepe impo 
nce o him h
n he good will of hi colle
gue,

nd if he en
e coninued in he 
me enimen, he would, on he
following nigh, nomin
e
dic
o ;
nd if
ny one p oeed
g
in

dec ee of he en
e being p
ed, h
 he would be conen wih i

uho iy."[158] When by hi conduc he bo e

w
y he well-me ied
p
ie
nd good will of
ll, h
ving n
med Publiu Co neliu dic
o ,
he himelf being
ppoined by him
 m
e of he ho e, e ved

n
in
nce o hoe who conide ed hi c
e
nd h
 of hi colle
gue,
how much mo e

in
ble public f
vou
nd honou omeime we e o

hoe who evinced no dei e fo hem. The w

w
 in no epec

memo
ble one. The enemy we e be
en
 Anium in one,
nd h

n e
y
b
le; he vico iou
my l
id w
e he Volci
n e io y; hei
fo 
 he l
e Fucinu w
 
en by o m,
nd in i h ee hou
nd
men m
de p ione ; he e of he Volci
n being d iven wihin he
w
ll,
nd no defending he l
nd. The dic
o h
ving conduced he
w
in uch
m
nne
 o how h
 he w
 no negligen of fo une'
f
vou , eu ned o he ciy wih
g e
e h
e of ucce h
n of
glo y,
nd eigned hi office. The mili
y  ibune, wihou m
ing

ny menion of
n elecion of conul, (h ough piue, I uppoe, fo
he
ppoinmen of
dic
o ,) iued
p ocl
m
ion fo he elecion
of mili
y  ibune. Then indeed he pe plexiy of he p
 ici
n
bec
me ill g e
e ,
 eeing hei c
ue be
yed by hei own p
y.
Whe efo e,
 on he ye
befo e, by b inging fo w
d
 c
ndid
e he
mo unwo hy individu
l f om
mong he plebei
n, hey p oduced

digu
g
in
ll, even hoe who we e dee ving; o hen by eng
ging
uch of he p
 ici
n
 we e mo diinguihed by he plendou of
hei ch

ce
nd by hei influence o 
nd
 c
ndid
e, hey
ecu ed
ll he pl
ce; o h
 no plebei
n could ge in. Fou we e
eleced,
ll of hem men who h
d
l e
dy e ved he office, Luciu
Fu iu Medullinu, C
iu V
le iu Poiu, Nume iu F
biu Vibul
nu,
C
iu e viliu Ah
l
. The l
 h
d he honou coninued o him by
e-elecion,
 well in coneuence of hi ohe dee ,
 on
ccoun
of hi ecen popul
iy,
cui ed by hi ingul
mode
ion.
[Foonoe 158: The p
ing of
_en
u-conulum_, o dec ee of he
en
e, migh be p evened in eve
l w
y;
, fo in
nce, by he
w
n of
ufficienly full meeing, &c.; in uch c
e he judgmen of
he m
jo iy w
 eco ded,
nd h
 w
 c
lled _
uco i
 en
_.]
58. In h
 ye
, bec
ue he e m of he  uce wih he Veieni
n
n
ion w
 expi ed, eiuion beg
n o be dem
nded h ough
mb

do 

nd he
ld, who on coming o he f onie  we e me by
n emb
y f om
he Veieni
n. They eueed h
 hey would no p oceed o Veii,
unil hey hould fi  h
ve
cce o he Rom
n en
e. They ob
ined
f om he en
e, h
, bec
ue he Veieni
n we e di eed by
ineine dienion, eiuion would no be dem
nded f om hem; o
f
we e hey f om eeing, in he  ouble of ohe ,
n oppo uniy
fo
dv
ncing hei own ine e. In he Volci
n e io y
lo

di
e w
 u
ined in he lo of he g
ion
 Ve ugo; whe e o
much depended on ime, h
 when he oldie  who we e beieged he e,

nd we e c
lling fo uccou , migh h
ve been elieved, if expediion
h
d been ued, he
my en o hei
id only c
me in ime o u p ie
he enemy, who we e 
ggling in ue of plunde , ju
fe hei
puing [he g
ion] o he wo d. The c
ue of he dil
o ine w

le efe ible o he  ibune h
n o he en
e, who, bec
ue wo d
w
 b ough h
 hey we e holding ou wih he mo vigo ou
ei
nce, did no duly eflec h
 he e i
limi o hum
n
 engh, which no b
ve y c
n exceed. Thee ve y g
ll
n oldie ,
howeve , we e no wihou evenge, boh befo e
nd
fe hei de
h. In
he following ye
, Publiu
nd Cneiu Co neliu Cou, Nume iu F
biu
Ambuu,
nd Luciu V
le iu Poiu, being mili
y  ibune wih
conul
powe , he Veieni
n w
w
 commenced on
ccoun of
n
inolen
nwe of he Veieni
n en
e, who, when he
mb

do 
dem
nded eiuion, o de ed hem o be old, h
 if hey did no
peedily ui he ciy
nd he e io ie, hey hould give hem wh

L
 Tolumniu h
d given hem. The en
e, indign
n
 hi, dec eed
h
 he mili
y  ibune hould, on
 e
ly
d
y
 poible,
p opoe o he people he p ocl
iming w

g
in he Veieni
n. When
hi w
 fi  m
de public, he young men exp eed hei

di
if
cion. "Th
 he w
wih he Volci
n w
 no ye ove ; h


lile ime
go wo g
ion we e ue ly de oyed,
nd h
 [one of
he fo ] w
 wih g e
 i e
ined. Th
 he e w
 no
ye
in
which hey h
d no o figh in he field:
nd,
 if hey we e
di
ified
 he inufficiency of hee oil,
new w
w
 now e
on foo wih
neighbou ing
nd mo powe ful n
ion, who we e liely o
oue
ll E u i
." Thee diconen, fi  dicued
mong hemelve,
we e fu he
gg
v
ed by he plebei
n  ibune. Thee con
nly

ffi m h
 he w
of he g e
e momen w
 h
 beween he
p
 ici
n
nd common. Th
 he l
e w
 deignedly h

ed by
mili
y e vice,
nd expoed o be buche ed by he enemy; h
 hey
we e ep

di
nce f om he enemy,
nd
 i we e b
nihed, le
du ing he enjoymen of e
 home, mindful of libe y
nd of
e
blihing colonie, hey m
y fo m pl
n fo ob
ining ome of he
public l
nd, o fo giving hei uff
ge f eely;
nd 
ing hold of
he vee
n, hey ecouned he c
mp
ign of e
ch,
nd hei wound
nd
c
, f euenly
ing wh
 ound po w
 he e on hei body fo he
ecepion of new wound? wh
 blood h
d hey em
ining which could be
hed fo he commonwe
lh? When by dicuing hee ubjec in p iv
e
conve 
ion,
nd
lo in public h

ngue, hey p oduced in he people

n
ve ion o unde 
ing
w
, he ime fo p opoing he l
w w


djou ned; which would obviouly h

ve been ejeced, if i h
d been
ubjeced o he feeling of diconen hen p ev
iling.
59. In he me
n ime i w
 dee mined h
 he mili
y  ibune hould
le
d
n
my ino he Volci
n e io y. Cneiu Co neliu
lone w

lef
 Rome. The h ee  ibune, when i bec
me eviden h
 he
Volci
n h
d no e
blihed
c
mp
ny whe e,
nd h
 hey would no
venu e
n eng
gemen, ep

ed ino h ee diffe en p
ie o l
y
w
e he coun y. V
le iu m
e fo Anium, Co neliu fo Ece .
Whe eve hey c
me, hey commied exenive dev

ion on he houe

nd l
nd, o
 o ep

e he Volci
n: F
biu, wihou commiing

ny dev

ion, p oceeded o

c Auxu , which w

p incip
l objec
in view. Auxu i he own now c
lled T

cin;
ciy buil on

decliviy le
ding o
mo
: F
biu m
de
fein of

cing i on
h
 ide. When fou coho  en ound unde C
iu e viliu Ah
l
oo
poeion of
hill which comm
nded he ciy, hey

ced he w
ll
wih
loud hou
nd umul, f om he highe g ound whe e he e w
 no
gu
d of defence. Thoe who we e defending he lowe p
 of he ciy

g
in F
biu,
ounded
 hi umul,
ffo ded him
n oppo uniy of

pplying he c
ling l
dde ,
nd eve y pl
ce oon bec
me filled wih
he enemy,
nd
d e
dful l
ughe coninued fo
long ime,
indic imin
ely of hoe who fled
nd hoe who eied, of he
med
o un
med. The v
nuihed we e he efo e obliged o figh, he e being
no hope fo hoe who g
ve w
y, when
p ocl
m
ion uddenly iued,
h
 no pe on excep hoe wih
m in hei h
nd hould be inju ed,
induced
ll he em
ining muliude volun
ily o l
y down hei
m;
of whom wo hou
nd five hund ed
e 
en
live. F
biu ep hi
oldie  f om he poil, unil hi colle
gue hould come;
ffi ming
h
 Auxu h
d been 
en by hee
mie
lo, who h
d dive ed he
ohe Volci
n  oop f om he defence of h
 pl
ce. When hey c
me,
he h ee
mie plunde ed he own, which w
 en iched wih we
lh of
m
ny ye
'
ccumul
ion;
nd hi gene oiy of he comm
nde  fi 
econciled he common o he p
 ici
n. I w

fe w
d
dded, by

libe
liy ow
d he people on he p
 of he le
ding men he mo
e
on
ble eve hown, h
 befo e
ny menion hould be m
de of i by
he common o  ibune, he en
e hould dec ee h
 he oldie 
hould eceive p
y ou of he public  e
u y, whe e
 up o h
 pe iod
eve y one h
d dich
ged h
 duy
 hi own expene.

60. I i eco ded h

 nohing w
 eve eceived by he common wih o
much joy; h
 hey
n in c owd o he en
e-houe,
nd c
ugh he
h
nd of hoe coming ou,
nd c
lled hem f
he  indeed;
cnowledging
h
 he eul of uch conduc w
 h
 no one would p
e hi pe on
o hi blood, whil he h
d
ny  engh em
ining, in defence of

coun y o libe
l. Whil he p opec of
dv
n
ge ple
ed hem, h

hei p iv
e p ope y hould em
in unimp
i ed
 he ime du ing which
hei bodie hould be devoed
nd employed fo he ine e of he
commonwe
lh, i fu he inc e
ed hei joy ve y much,
nd ende ed
hei g
iude fo he f
vou mo e complee, bec
ue i h
d been
offe ed o hem volun
ily, wihou eve h
ving been
gi
ed by he
 ibune of he common, o m
de he ubjec of
dem
nd in hei own
conve 
ion. The  ibune of he common, he only p
ie who did no
p
icip
e in he gene
l joy
nd h
mony p ev
iling h ough he
diffe en
n, denied "h
 hi me
u e would p ove o much
m
e
of joy, o o honou
ble o he p
 ici
n,[159]
 hey hemelve
migh im
gine. Th
 he me
u e
 fi  igh w
 bee h
n i would
p ove by expe ience. Fo f om wh
 ou ce w
 h
 money o be
ied,
excep by levying

x on he people. Th
 hey we e gene ou o ome
he efo e
 he expene of ohe ;
nd even hough ohe  m
y endu e
i, hoe who h
d
l e
dy e ved ou hei ime in he e vice, would
neve endu e h
 ohe  hould e ve on bee e m h
n hey
hemelve h
d e ved;
nd h
 hee 
me individu
l hould h
ve o
be
he expene of hei own e vice,
nd hen h
 of ohe ." By
hee
gumen hey influenced
p
 of he common. A l
, when he

x w
 now
nnounced, he  ibune publicly decl
ed, h
 hey would

ffo d p oecion o
ny one who hould efue o con ibue hi
p opo ion fo he p
y of he oldie . The p
 ici
n pe ied in
uppo ing
m
e o h
ppily commenced. They hemelve we e he fi 
o con ibue;
nd bec
ue he e w

 ye no coined ilve , ome of
hem conveying hei weighed b
 o he  e
u y in w
ggon, ende ed
hei con ibuion ve y howy. Afe he en
e h
d con ibued wih he
umo puncu
liy
cco ding o hei
ed p ope ie, he p incip
l
plebei
n, f iend of he nobiliy,
cco ding o
conce ed pl
n, beg
n
o con ibue. And when he popul
ce 
w hee men highly
ppl
uded by
he p
 ici
n,
nd
lo looed up o
 good ciizen by men of he
mili
y
ge, co ning he uppo  of he  ibune,
n emul
ion
commenced
 once
bou p
ying he 
x. And he l
w being p
ed
bou
decl
ing w

g
in he Veieni
n, he new mili
y  ibune wih
conul
powe m
ched o Veii
n
my coniing in
g e
 me
u e of
volunee .
[Foonoe 159: The e
ding of he o igin
l he e i decidedly inco ec.
V
iou emend
ion h
ve been
emped, bu none c
n be deemed

if
co y.]
61. The  ibune we e Tiu Quiniu C
piolinu, Publiu Quiniu
Cincinn
u, C
iu Juliu Julu
econd ime, Aulu M
nliu, Luciu
Fu iu Medullinu
econd ime,
nd M
niu miliu M
me cinu. By hee
Veii w
 fi  inveed. A lile befo e he commencemen of hi iege,
when
full meeing of he E u i
n w
 held
 he emple of Volumn
,
i w
 no fin
lly dee mined whehe he Veieni
n we e o be
uppo ed by he public concu ence of he whole confede
cy. The iege
w
 le vigo ou in he following ye
, ome of he  ibune
nd hei

my being c
lled off o he Volci
n w
. The mili
y  ibune wih
conul
powe in hi ye
we e C
iu V
le iu Poiu
hi d ime,
M
niu L
giu Fiden
, Publiu Co neliu M
lugineni, Cneiu Co neliu
Cou, Ko F
biu Ambuu, pu iu N
uiu Ruilu
econd ime. A
piched b
le w
 fough wih he Volci
n beween Fe eninum
nd
Ece
; he eul of he b
le w
 f
vou
ble o he Rom
n. A en

hen,
own of he Volci
n, beg
n o be beieged by he  ibune.
Thence du ing
n
emp


lly, he enemy being d iven b
c ino
he own,
n oppo uniy w

ffo ded o he Rom
n of fo cing in;
nd
eve y pl
ce w
 
en excep he ci
del. Ino he fo  e, well
p oeced by n
u e,
body of
med men ei ed. Bene
h he fo  e
m
ny we e l
in
nd m
de p ione . The ci
del w
 hen beieged; no
could i eihe be 
en by o m, bec
ue i h
d
g
ion ufficien
fo he ize of he pl
ce, no did i hold ou
ny hope of u ende ,

ll he public co n h
ving been conveyed o he ci
del befo e he ciy
w
 
en;
nd hey would h
ve ei ed f om i, being we
ied ou, h
d
no
l
ve be
yed he fo  e o he Rom
n: he oldie  being

dmied by him h ough

pl
ce difficul of
cce, oo i; by whom
when he gu
d we e being illed, he e of he muliude,
ove powe ed wih udden p
nic, u ende ed. Afe demolihing boh he
ci
del
nd ciy of A en
, he legion we e led b
c f om he Volci
n
e io y;
nd he whole Rom
n powe w
 u ned
g
in Veii. To he

io , beide hi f eedom, he p ope y of wo f
milie w
 given


ew
d. Hi n
me w
 e viu Rom
nu. The e
e ome who hin h

A en
belonged o he Veieni
n, no o he Volci
n. Wh
 occ
ion
he mi
e i h
 he e w

ciy of he 
me n
me beween C e
nd
Veii. Bu he Rom
n ing de oyed i;
nd i belonged o he
C ei
n, no o he Veieni
n. The ohe of he 
me n
me, he
demoliion of which h
 been menioned, w
 in he Volci
n e io y.

BOOK V.
_Du ing he iege of Veii wine dwelling e eced fo he
oldie . Thi being
novely,
ffo d he  ibune of he people

p eex fo exciing diconen. The c

v
l y fo he fi  ime
e ve on ho e of hei own. Fu iu C
millu, dic
o , 
e Veii

fe
iege of en ye
. In he ch

ce of mili
y  ibune,
whil l
ying iege o F
lici, he end b
c he child en of he
enemy, who we e be
yed ino hi h
nd. Fu iu C
millu, on
d
y
being
ppoined fo hi  i
l, goe ino exile. The enoni
n G
ul
l
y iege o Cluium. Rom
n
mb

do , en o medi
e pe
ce
beween he Clui
n
nd G
ul,
e found o 
e p
 wih he
fo me ; in coneuence of which he G
ul m
ch di ecly
g
in
Rome,
nd
fe defe
ing he Rom
n
 Alli

e poeion of
he ciy wih he excepion of he C
piol. They c
led he C
piol
by nigh, bu
e dicove ed by he c
cling of geee,
nd
epuled, chiefly by he exe ion of M
cu M
nliu. The Rom
n,
compelled by f
mine,
g ee o
nom hemelve. Whil he gold i
being weighed o hem, C
millu, who h
d been
ppoined dic
o ,

ive wih
n
my, expel he G
ul,
nd de oy hei
my. He
uccefully oppoe he deign of emoving o Veii._
1. Pe
ce being e
blihed in eve y ohe u
e , he Rom
n
nd
Veieni
n we e ill in
m wih uch
ncou
nd
nimoiy, h
 i
w
 eviden h
 uin
w
ied he v
nuihed p
y. The elecion in he
wo 
e we e conduced in ve y diffe en mehod. The Rom
n

ugmened he numbe of mili

y  ibune wih conul
powe . Eigh,

numbe g e
e h
n on
ny p eviou occ
ion, we e
ppoined, M
niu
miliu M
me cinu
econd ime, Luciu V
le iu Poiu
hi d ime,
Appiu Cl
udiu C
u, M
cu Quiniliu V
u, Luciu Juliu Iulu,
M
cu Poumiu, M
cu Fu iu C
millu, M
cu Poumiu Albinu. The

Veieni
n, on he con
y, h ough digu
 he
nnu
l in iguing
which w
 omeime he c
ue of dienion, eleced
ing. Th
 ep
g
ve offence o he feeling of he 
e of E u i
, no mo e f om
hei h
 ed of ingly gove nmen h
n of he ing himelf. He h
d
befo e hi become obnoxiou o he n
ion by e
on of hi we
lh
nd

og
nce, bec
ue he h
d violenly b oen off he pe fo m
nce of ome

nnu
l g
me, he omiion of which w
 deemed
n impiey: when h ough
eenmen of
epule, bec
ue
nohe h
d been p efe ed o him


p ie by he uff
ge of he welve 
e, he uddenly c
ied off,
in he middle of he pe fo m
nce, he pe fo me , of whom
g e
 p

we e hi own l
ve. The n
ion, he efo e, devoed beyond
ll ohe  o
eligiou pe fo m
nce, bec
ue hey excelled in he mehod of
conducing hem, p
ed
dec ee h

id hould be efued o he
Veieni
n,
 long
 hey hould be ubjec o
ing. All
lluion o
hi dec ee w
 upp eed
 Veii h ough fe
of he ing, who would
h
ve conide ed he pe on by whom
ny uch m
e migh be menioned


le
de of ediion, no
 he
uho of
n idle umou . Alhough
m
e  we e
nnounced o he Rom
n
 being uie in E u i
, ye
bec
ue i w
 
ed h
 hi m
e w
 being
gi
ed in
ll hei
meeing, hey o m
n
ged hei fo ific
ion, h
 he e hould be
ecu iy on boh ide; ome we e di eced ow
d he ciy
nd he

llie of he ownmen; by me
n of ohe 
f on looing ow
d
E u i
w
 oppoed o uch
uxili
ie
 migh h
ppen o come f om
hence.
2. When he Rom
n gene
l conceived g e
e hope f om
bloc
de h
n
f om
n

ul, wine hu
lo,
hing uie new o he Rom
n
oldie , beg
n o be buil;
nd hei dee min
ion w
 o coninue he
w
by wine ing he e. Afe
n
ccoun of hi w
 b ough o Rome o
he  ibune of he people, who fo
long ime p
 h
d found no
p eex fo exciing diu b
nce, hey un fo w
d ino he
embly,
i up he mind of he common, 
ying h
 "hi w
 he moive fo
which p
y h
d been e
blihed fo he oldie , no h
d i ec
ped
hei nowledge, h
 uch
p een f om he enemie w
 
ined wih
poion. Th
 he libe y of he common h
d been old; h
 hei youh
emoved fo eve ,
nd exiled f om he ciy
nd he epublic, did no now
even yield o he wine
nd o he e
on of he ye
,
nd vii hei
home
nd p iv
e
ff
i . Wh
 could hey uppoe w
 he c
ue fo
coninuing he e vice wihou ine miion? Th
 undoubedly hey
hould find none ohe h
n [he fe
] le
ny hing migh be done in
fu he
nce of hei ine e by he
end
nce of hoe youh in
whom he eni e  engh of he common l
y. Beide h
 hey we e
h

ed
nd wo ed much mo e eve ely h
n he Veieni
n. Fo he
l
e pen he wine bene
h hei own oof, defending hei ciy by
 ong w
ll
nd i n
u
l iu
ion, whil he Rom
n oldie , in he
mid of oil
nd h
dhip, coninued bene
h he cove ing of in,
ove whelmed wih now
nd f o, no l
ying
ide hi
m even du ing
he pe iod of wine , which i
epie f om
ll w
 by l
nd
nd e
.
Neihe ing, no hoe conul, y
nnic
l
 hey we e befo e he
iniuion of he  ibunii
n office, no he e n
uho iy of he
dic
o , no he ove be
ing decemvi , eve impoed uch l
ve y

h
 hey hould pe fo m un emiing mili
y e vice, which deg ee of
eg
l powe he mili
y  ibune now exe cied ove he Rom
n common.
Wh
 would hee men h
ve done
 conul o dic
o , who h
ve
exhibied he picu e of he p oconul
office o impl
c
ble
nd
men
cing? bu h

ll hi h
ppened july. Among eigh mili
y
 ibune he e w
 no oom even fo one plebei
n. Fo me ly he
p
 ici
n filled up h ee pl
ce wih he umo difficuly; now hey
wen in file eigh deep o 
e poeion of he v
iou office;
nd
no even in uch
c owd i
ny plebei
n ine mixed; who, if he did no

ohe good, migh emind hi colle

gue, h
 i w
 f eemen
nd fellow
ciizen,
nd no l
ve, h
 coniued he
my, who ough o be
b ough b
c du ing wine
 le
 o hei home
nd oof;
nd o
come
nd ee
 ome p
 of he ye
hei p
en, child en,
nd
wive,
nd o exe cie he igh of f eedom,
nd o 
e p
 in
elecing m
gi
e." While hey excl
imed in hee
nd uch e m,
hey found in Appiu Cl
udiu
n opponen no uneu
l o hem, who h
d
been lef behind by hi colle
gue o chec he u bulence of he
 ibune;
m
n 
ined even f om hi youh in cone wih he
plebei
n; who eve
l ye
' befo e,
 h
 been menioned, ecommended
he dioluion of he  ibunii
n powe by me
n of he p oe of
hei colle
gue.
3. He, no only endowed wih good n
u
l powe , bu well 
ined
lo
by expe ience, on h
 p
icul
occ
ion, delive ed he following

dd e: "If, Rom
n, he e w
 eve e
on o doub, whehe he
 ibune of he people h
ve eve p omoed ediion fo you 
e o
hei own, I
m ce 
in h
 in he cou e of hi ye
h
 doub mu
h
ve ce
ed o exi;
nd while I ejoice h

n end h

 lengh come
of
mi
e of uch long coninu
nce, I in he nex pl
ce cong
ul
e
you,
nd on you
ccoun he epublic, h
 hi deluion h
 been
emoved du ing
cou e of p ope ou even. I he e
ny pe on who
c
n feel
doub h
 he  ibune of he common we e neve o highly
diple
ed
nd p ovoed by
ny w ong done o you, if eve uch did
h
ppen,
 by he munificence of he p
 ici
n o he common, when p
y
w
 e
blihed fo hoe e ving in he
my. Wh
 ele do you uppoe
h
 hey eihe hen d e
ded, o now wih o diu b, excep he union
beween he o de , which hey hin con ibue mo o he dioluion
of he  ibunii
n powe ? Thu, by Jove, lie wo e  in iniuiy, hey

e eeing fo wo , who
lo wih h
 he e hould be
lw
y ome
die
ed p
 in he epublic, h
 he e m
y be omehing fo he cu e
of which hey m
y be employed by you. Fo , [ ibune,] whehe do you
defend o

c he common? whehe
e you he enemie of hoe in
he e vice, o do you ple
d hei c
ue? Unle pe h
p you 
y,
wh
eve he p
 ici
n do, diple
e u; whehe i i fo he
common, o
g
in he common;
nd ju
 m
e  fo bid hei l
ve
o h
ve
ny de
ling wih hoe belonging o ohe ,
nd deem i igh
h
 hey hould eu
lly ef
in f om h
ving
ny comme ce wih hem,
eihe fo indne o unindne; ye, in lie m
nne , ine dic u he
p
 ici
n f om
ll ine cou e wih he people, le by ou
cou eoune
nd munificence we m
y ch
llenge hei eg
d,
nd hey
become 
c
ble
nd obedien o ou di ecion. And if he e we e in you

ny hing of he feeling, I 

y no of fellow-ciizen, bu of hum
n
being, how much mo e ough you o f
vou ,
nd,
 f

 in you l
y, o
p omoe
he he indly deme
nou of he p
 ici
n
nd he

c
biliy of he common! And if uch conco d we e once pe m
nen,
who would no venu e o eng
ge, h
 hi empi e would in
ho  ime
become he highe
mong he neighbou ing 
e?
4. "I h
ll he e
fe expl
in o you how no only expedien, bu even
nece
y h
 been hi pl
n of my colle
gue,
cco ding o which hey
would no d
w off he
my f om Veii unil he buine h
 been
compleed. Fo he p een I
m dipoed o pe
 conce ning he
condiion of he oldie . Which obe v
ion of mine I hin would

ppe
e
on
ble no only befo e you, bu even, if hey we e delive ed
in he c
mp, in he opinion of he oldie  hemelve; on which ubjec
if nohing could ugge ielf o my own mind o 
y, I ce 
inly
hould be 
ified wih h
 which i uggeed by he
gumen of my

dve 
ie. They l
ely 
id, h
 p
y hould no be given o he
oldie  bec
ue i h
d neve been given. How hen c
n hey now feel

diple
ed, h

ddiion
l l
bou hould be impoed in due p opo ion
on hoe o whom ome
ddiion of p ofi h
 been
dded? In no c
e i
he e eihe l
bou wihou emolumen, no emolumen in gene
l wihou
he expene of l
bou . Toil
nd ple
u e, in hei n
u e mo unlie,

e ye lined ogehe by

o  of n
u
l connexion. Fo me ly he
oldie hough i
h
dhip h
 he g
ve hi l
bou o he
commonwe
lh
 hi own expene;
 he 
me ime he w
 gl
d fo
p

of he ye
o ill hi own g ound; o
cui e h
 me
n whence he
migh uppo  himelf
nd f
mily
 home
nd in w
. Now he feel

ple
u e h
 he epublic i
ou ce of
dv
n
ge o him,
nd gl
dly
eceive hi p
y. Le him he efo e be
wih p
ience h
 he i

lile longe
ben f om home
nd hi f
mily
ff
i , o which no he
vy
expene i now

ched. Whehe if he commonwe
lh hould c
ll him o

elemen of
ccoun, would i no july 
y, You h
ve p
y by he
ye
, pe fo m l
bou by he ye
? do you hin i ju o eceive

whole ye
' p
y fo ix monh' e vice? Rom
n, wih eluc
nce do I
dwell on hi opic; fo o ough hoe pe on p oceed who employ
me cen
y  oop. Bu we wih o  e

 wih fellow-ciizen,
nd we
hin i only ju h
 you  e
 wih u
 wih he coun y. Eihe
he w
hould no h
ve been unde 
en, o i ough o be conduced
ui
bly o he digniy of he Rom
n people,
nd b ough o
cloe

oon
 poible. Bu i will be b ough o
concluion if we p e on
he beieged; if we do no ei e unil we h
ve conumm
ed ou hope by
he c
pu e of Veii. In  uh, if he e we e no ohe moive, he ve y
dic edi of he hing hould impoe on u pe eve
nce. In fo me ime

ciy w
 ep beieged fo en ye
, on
ccoun of one wom
n, by
ll
G eece. A wh

di
nce f om hei home! how m
ny l
nd, how m
ny
e
 di
n! We g umble
 endu ing
iege of
ye
' du
ion wihin
weny mile of u,
lmo wihin igh of ou own ciy; bec
ue, I
uppoe, he c
ue of he w
i  ifling, no i he e eenmen
ufficienly ju o imul
e u o pe eve e. even ime hey h
ve
ebelled: in pe
ce hey neve
ced f
ihfully. They h
ve l
id w
e ou
l
nd
hou
nd ime: he Fiden
i
n hey fo ced o evol f om u:
hey h
ve pu o de
h ou coloni he e: con
y o he l
w of
n
ion, hey h
ve been he inig
o  of he impiou mu de of ou

mb

do : hey wihed o excie
ll E u i

g
in u,
nd
e

hi d
y buily employed
 i;
nd hey c
cely ef
ined f om
viol
ing ou
mb

do  when dem
nding eiuion. Wih uch people
ough w
o be conduced in
emi
nd dil
o y m
nne ?
5. "If uch ju eenmen h
ve no influence wih u, will no, I
en e
 you, he following conide
ion influence you? Thei ciy h

been encloed wih immene wo , by which he enemy i confined wihin
hei w
ll. They h
ve no illed hei l
nd,
nd wh
 w
 p eviouly
illed h
 been l
id w
e in he w
. If we wihd
w ou
my, who i
he e who c
n doub h
 hey will inv
de ou e io y no only f om

dei e of evenge, bu f om he neceiy

lo impoed on hem of
plunde ing f om he p ope y of ohe , ince hey h
ve lo hei own?
By uch me
u e hen we do no pu off he w
, bu
dmi i wihin ou
own f onie . Wh
 h
ll I 
y of h
 which p ope ly ine e he
oldie , fo whoe ine e hoe wo hy  ibune of he common,
ll
on
udden,
e now o
nxiou o p ovide,
fe hey h
ve ende
vou ed
o w e hei p
y f om hem? How doe i 
nd? They h
ve fo med

mp

nd
 ench, boh wo  of g e
 l
bou , h ough o g e

n
exen of g ound; hey h
ve e eced fo ,
 fi  only
few,

fe w
d ve y m
ny, when he
my bec
me inc e
ed; hey h
ve
ied
defende  no only ow
d he ciy, bu ow
d E u i

lo,
g
in

ny uccou  which m
y come f om hence. Wh
 need I menion owe ,
vine,
nd eudine,
nd he ohe
pp

u ued in

cing own?
When o much l
bou h
 been expended,
nd hey h
ve now
 lengh

 e
ched he end of he wo , do you hin h

ll hee p ep

ion
hould be
b
ndoned h
, nex umme , he 
me cou e of oil m
y h
ve
o be unde gone
g
in in fo ming hem
new? How much le  ouble o
uppo  he wo 
l e
dy done,
nd o p e on
nd pe eve e,
nd o
ge id of ou 
! Fo ce 
inly he m
e i of ho  du
ion, if
i be conduced wih
unifo m cou e of exe ion; no do we by hee
ine miion
nd ine upion expedie he

inmen of ou hope. I

m now pe
ing of l
bou
nd of lo of ime. Wh
? do hee uch
f euen meeing in E u i
on he ubjec of ending
id o Veii
uffe u o di eg
d he d
nge which we encoune by p oc
in
ing
he w
? A m
e  
nd now, hey
e incened, hey dilie hem,
hey efue o end
ny;
 f

 hey
e conce ned, we
e
 libe y
o 
e Veii. Who c
n p omie h
 hei empe will be he 
me
he e
fe , if he w
i upended? when, if you uffe
ny el
x
ion,
mo e epec
ble
nd mo e f euen emb
ie will go; when h
 which
now diple
e he E u i
n, he e
blihmen of
ing
 Veii, m
y,

fe
n ine v
l, be done
w
y wih, eihe by he join dee min
ion
of he 
e h
 hey m
y ecove he good will of he E u i
n, o by

volun
y
c of he ing, who m
y be unwilling h
 hi eign hould

nd in he w
y of he welf
e of hi coun ymen. ee how m
ny
ci cum
nce,
nd how de imen
l, follow h
 line of conduc: he
lo of wo  fo med wih o g e
 l
bou ; he h e
ening dev

ion
of ou f onie ;
n E uc
n excied ine
d of
Veieni
n w
. Thee,
 ibune,
e you me
u e, p ey much he 
me, in  uh,
 if

pe on hould ende
die
e ediou,
nd pe h
p incu
ble, fo he

e of p een me
 o d in, in
p
ien who, by eoluely uffe ing
himelf o be  e
ed, migh oon ecove hi he
lh.
6. "If, by Jove, i we e of no coneuence wih epec o he p een
w
, ye i ce 
inly would be of he umo impo 
nce o mili
y
dicipline, h
 ou oldie  hould be
ccuomed no only o enjoy he
vico y ob
ined by hem; bu even hough m
e  hould p oceed mo e
lowly h
n w

nicip
ed, o b oo he edioune
nd
w
i he
iue of hei hope, howeve 
dy;
nd if he w
be no finihed in
he umme , o w
i fo he wine ,
nd no, lie umme bi d, in he
ve y commencemen of
uumn loo ou fo hele
nd
e e
. I p
y
you, he e
ge ne
nd ple
u e of huning hu ie men ino now
nd
f o, ove moun
in
nd wood; h
ll we no employ h
 p
ience on
he exigencie of w
, which even po 
nd ple
u e
e won o c
ll
fo h? A e we o uppoe h
 he bodie of ou oldie 
e o
effemin
e, hei mind o feeble, h
 hey c
nno hold ou fo one
wine in
c
mp,
nd be
ben f om home? h
, lie pe on who w
ge

n
v
l w
, by 
ing
dv
n
ge of he we
he ,
nd obe ving he e
on
of he ye
, hey
e
ble o endu e neihe he
 no cold? They would
ce 
inly bluh, hould
ny one l
y hee hing o hei ch
ge;
nd
would m
in
in h
 boh hei mind
nd hei bodie we e poeed of
m
nly endu
nce,
nd h
 hey we e
ble o conduc w
eu
lly well in
wine
nd in umme ;
nd h
 hey h
d no conigned o he  ibune
he p
 on
ge of indolence
nd loh,
nd h
 hey emembe ed h

hei
nceo  h
d c e
ed hi ve y powe , neihe in he h
de no
bene
h hei oof. uch enimen
e wo hy of he v
lou of you
oldie , uch enimen
e wo hy of he Rom
n n
me, no o conide
me ely Veii, no hi w
which i now p eing u, bu o ee

epu
ion fo he e
fe fo ohe w

nd fo ohe 
e. Do you
conide he diffe ence of opinion liely o eul f om hi m
e

 ivi
l? Whehe , p
y,
e he neighbou ing 
e o uppoe h
 he
Rom
n people i uch, h
 if
ny one h
ll u
in hei fi 

ul,

nd h
 of ve y ho  coninu
nce, hey h
ve nohing
fe w
d o
fe
? o whehe uch hould be he e o of ou n
me, h
 neihe he
edioune of
di
n iege, no he inclemency of wine , c
n

dilodge he Rom

n
my f om
ciy once inveed,
nd h
 hey now no
ohe e min
ion of w
h
n vico y,
nd h
 hey c
y on w
 no
mo e by b ine h
n by pe eve
nce; which i nece
y no doub in
eve y ind of w
, bu mo e epeci
lly in beieging ciie; mo of
which, imp egn
ble boh by hei wo 
nd by n
u
l iu
ion, ime
ielf ove powe 
nd educe by f
mine
nd hi ;
 i will educe
Veii, unle he  ibune of he common h
ll
ffo d
id o he enemy,

nd he Veieni
n find in Rome einfo cemen which hey ee in v
in
in E u i
. I he e
ny hing which c
n h
ppen o much in
cco d
nce
wih he wihe of he Veieni
n,
 h
 fi  he Rom
n ciy, hen
he c
mp,
 i we e by con
gion, hould be filled wih ediion? Bu,
by Jove,
mong he enemy o fo be
ing

e of mind p ev
il, h

no
ingle ch
nge h
 
en pl
ce
mong hem, eihe h ough digu

 he lengh of he iege no even of he ingly fo m of gove nmen;

no h
 he efu
l of
id by he E u i
n
oued hei empe . Fo
whoeve will be he
beo of ediion, will be in
nly pu o de
h;
no will i be pe mied o
ny one o ue hoe enimen which

mong you
e exp eed wih impuniy. He i u e o eceive he
b
in
de, who fo 
e hi colou  o ui hi po. Pe on
dviing
no one o wo oldie , bu whole
mie o elinuih hei colou  o
o fo 
e hei c
mp,
e openly liened o in you public
emblie.
Acco dingly wh
eve
 ibune of he people 
y,
lhough i end o
he uin of he coun y o he dioluion of he commonwe
lh, you
e

ccuomed o lien o wih p

i
liy;
nd c
piv
ed wih he ch
m
of h

uho iy, you uffe
ll o  of c ime o lie conce
led
bene
h i. The only hing h
 em
in i, h
 wh
 hey vocife
e
he e, he 
me p ojec do hey e
lize in he c
mp
nd
mong he
oldie ,
nd educe he
mie,
nd no uffe hem o obey hei
office ; ince h

nd h
 only i libe y in Rome, o how no
defe ence o he en
e, no o m
gi
e, no l
w, no he u
ge of

nceo , no he iniuion of ou f

he , no mili
y
dicipline."
7. Even
l e
dy Appiu w

m
ch fo he  ibune of he people in he
popul

emblie; when uddenly
mifo une u
ined befo e Veii,
f om
u
e whence no one could expec i, boh g
ve Appiu he
upe io iy in he dipue, p oduced
lo
g e
e h
mony beween he
diffe en o de ,
nd g e
e
dou o c
y on he iege of Veii wih
mo e pe in
ciy. Fo when he  enche we e now
dv
nced o he ve y
ciy,
nd he m
chine we e
lmo
bou o be
pplied o he w
ll,
whil he wo 
e c
ied on wih g e
e
iduiy by d
y, h
n hey

e gu
ded by nigh,
g
e w
 h own open on
udden,
nd
v

muliude,
med chiefly wih o che, c
 fi e
bou on
ll ide;
nd

fe he l
pe of
n hou he fl
me de oyed boh he
mp

nd he
m
chine, he wo  of o long
ime,
nd g e
 numbe  of men, be
ing

i
nce in v
in, we e de oyed by he wo d
nd by fi e. When he

ccoun of hi ci cum

nce w
 b ough o Rome, i inpi ed 
dne
ino
ll
n; ino he en
e
nxiey
nd
pp ehenion, le he
ediion could no longe be wihood eihe in he ciy o in he c
mp,

nd le he  ibune of he common hould inul ove he

commonwe
lh,
 if v
nuihed by hem; when on
udden, hoe who
poeed
n eue i
n fo une, bu o whom ho e h
d no been

igned by he public, h

ving p eviouly held
meeing ogehe , wen
o he en
e;
nd h
ving ob
ined pe miion o pe
, p omie h

hey will e ve on hei own ho e. And when h
n we e eu ned o
hem by he en
e in he mo complimen
y e m,
nd he epo  of
hi p oceeding p e
d h ough he fo um
nd he ciy, he e uddenly
enue
concou e of he common o he en
e-houe. They 
y h

"hey
e now of he pede i
n o de ,
nd hey p efe ed hei e vice
o he commonwe
lh, hough no compelled o e ve, whehe hey wihed

o m
ch hem o Veii, o o
ny ohe pl
ce. If hey we e led o Veii,
hey
ffi m, h
 hey would no eu n f om hence, unil he ciy of
he enemy w
 
en." Then indeed hey wih difficuly e bound o he
joy which now pou ed in upon hem; fo hey we e no o de ed,
 in he
c
e of he ho emen, o be publicly eulogized, he o de fo o doing
being conigned o he m
gi
e, no we e hey ummoned ino he
en
e-houe o eceive
n
nwe ; no did he en
e confine hemelve
wihin he h ehold of hei houe, bu eve y one of hem individu
lly
wih hei voice
nd h
nd eified f om he elev
ed g ound he public
joy o he muliude 
nding in he
embly; hey decl
ed h
 by
h
 un
nimiy he Rom
n ciy would be h
ppy,
nd invincible
nd
ee n
l; p
ied he ho emen, p
ied he common; exolled he d
y
ielf by hei p
ie; hey
cnowledged h
 he cou ey
nd
indne of he en
e w
 oudone. Te
 flowed in
bund
nce h ough
joy boh f om he p
 ici
n
nd common; unil he en
o  being
c
lled b
c ino he houe,
dec ee of he en
e w
 p
ed, "h
 he
mili
y  ibune, ummoning
n
embly, hould eu n h
n o he
inf
n y
nd c
v
l y;
nd hould 
e h
 he en
e would be mindful
of hei
ffecion
e

chmen o hei coun y. Bu h
 i w
 hei
wih h
 hei p
y hould go on fo hoe who h
d, ou of hei u n,
unde 
en volun
y e vice." To he ho emen
lo
ce 
in ipend
w

igned. Then fo he fi  ime he c
v
l y beg
n o e ve on
hei own ho e. Thi
my of volunee  being led o Veii, no only
eo ed he wo  which h
d been lo, bu
lo e eced new one.
upplie we e conveyed f om he ciy wih g e
e c
e h
n befo e; le

ny hing hould be w
ning fo he
ccommod
ion of
n
my who
dee ved o well.
8. The following ye
h
d mili
y  ibune wih conul

uho iy,
C
iu e viliu Ah
l

hi d ime, Quinu e viliu, Luciu Vi giniu,
Quinu ulpiciu, Aulu M
nliu
econd ime, M
niu e giu
econd
ime. Du ing hei  ibunehip, whil he oliciude of
ll w

di eced o he Veieni
n w
, he g
ion
 Anxu w
 negleced in
coneuence of he
bence of he oldie  on le
ve,
nd f om he
indic imin
e
dmiion of Volci
n 
de  w
 ove powe ed, he gu
d

 he g
e being uddenly be
yed. Le of he oldie  pe ihed,
bec
ue hey we e
ll 
fficing h ough he coun y
nd ciy lie
ule . No we e m
e  conduced mo e uccefully
 Veii, which
w
 hen he chief objec of
ll public oliciude. Fo boh he Rom
n
comm
nde  h
d mo e u
el
mong hemelve, h
n pi i
g
in he
enemy;
nd he eve iy of he w
w
 ex
gge
ed by he udden
iv
l
of he C
pen
i
n
nd he F
lici
n. Thee wo 
e of E u i
,
bec
ue hey we e coniguou in iu
ion, judging h
 in c
e Veii w

conue ed, hey hould be nex o he

c of he Rom
n in w
; he
F
lici
n
lo, incened f om
c
ue
ffecing hemelve, bec
ue
hey h
d
l e
dy on
fo me occ
ion mixed hemelve up in

Fiden
i
n w
, being bound ogehe by
n o
h by ecip oc
l emb
ie,
m
ched unexpecedly wih hei
mie o Veii. I o h
ppened, hey


ced he c
mp in h
 u
e whe e M
niu e giu, mili
y
 ibune, comm
nded,
nd occ
ioned g e

l
m; bec
ue he Rom
n
im
gined h

ll E u i
w

oued
nd we e
dv
ncing in
g e

m
. The 
me opinion
oued he Veieni
n in he ciy. Thu he
Rom
n c
mp w


ced on boh ide;
nd c owding ogehe , whil
hey wheeled ound hei b

lion f om one po o
nohe , hey we e
un
ble eihe o confine he Veieni
n wihin hei fo ific
ion, o
epel he

ul f om hei own wo ,
nd o defend hemelve f om
he enemy on he ouide. The only hope w
, if uccou could be b ough
f om he g e
e c
mp, h
 he diffe en legion hould figh, ome

g
in he C
pen
i
n
nd F
lici
n, ohe 
g
in he 
llie of
he ownmen. Bu Vi giniu h
d he comm
nd of h
 c
mp, who, f om

pe on
l g ound, w
 h
eful o
nd incened
g
in e giu. Thi
m
n, when wo d w
 b ough h
 mo of he fo  we e

ced, he
fo ific
ion c
led,
nd h
 he enemy we e pou ing in on boh ide,
ep hi men unde
m, 
ying h
 if he e w
 need of
i
nce,
hi colle
gue would end o him. Hi
og
nce w
 eu
lled by he
obin
cy of he ohe ; who, h
 he migh no
ppe
o h
ve ough
ny

id f om
n
dve 
y, p efe ed being defe
ed by
n enemy o
conue ing h ough
fellow-ciizen. Hi men we e fo
long ime cu
down beween boh:
 lengh,
b
ndoning hei wo ,
ve y m
ll
numbe m
de hei w
y o he p incip
l c
mp; he g e
e numbe , wih
e giu himelf, m
de hei w
y o Rome. Whe e, when he h ew he eni e
bl
me on hi colle
gue, i w
 eolved h
 Vi giniu hould be en
fo f om he c
mp,
nd h
 lieuen
n-gene
l hould 
e he comm
nd
in he me
n ime. The
ff
i w
 hen dicued in he en
e,
nd he
dipue w
 c
ied on beween he colle
gue wih (muu
l)
ec imin
ion. Bu few oo up he ine e of he epublic, (he
g e
e numbe ) f
vou ed he one o he ohe ,
cco ding
 p iv
e
eg
d o ine e p ejudiced e
ch.
9. The p incip
l en
o  we e of opinion, h
 whehe o ignominiou

defe
 h
d been u
ined h ough he miconduc o he mifo une of
he comm
nde , "he egul
ime of he elecion hould no be w
ied
fo , bu h
 new mili
y  ibune hould be c e
ed immedi
ely, who
hould ene ino office on he c
lend of Ocobe ." Whil hey we e
p oceeding o inim
e hei
en o hi opinion, he ohe mili
y
 ibune offe ed no oppoiion. Bu e giu
nd Vi giniu, on whoe

ccoun i w
 eviden h
 he en
e we e di
ified wih he
m
gi
e of h
 ye
,
 fi  dep ec
ed he ignominy, hen
p oeed
g
in he dec ee of he en
e; hey decl
ed h
 hey
would no ei e f om office befo e he ide of Decembe , he uu
l d
y
fo pe on ene ing on m
gie i
l duie. Upon hi he  ibune of
he plebei
n, whil in he gene
l h
mony
nd in he p ope ou 
e
of public
ff
i  hey h
d unwillingly ep ilence, uddenly becoming
confiden, beg
n o h e
en he mili
y  ibune, h
 unle hey
confo med o he o de of he en
e, hey would o de hem o be h own
ino p ion. Then C
iu e viliu Ah
l
,
mili
y  ibune, obe ved,
"Wih epec o you,  ibune of he common,
nd you h e
, I
would wih ple
u e pu i o he e, how he e i no mo e of

uho iy in he l

e h
n of pi i in you elve. Bu i i impiou
o  ive
g
in he
uho iy of he en
e. Whe efo e do you ce
e o
ee
mid ou u
el fo
n oppo uniy of doing michief;
nd my
colle
gue will eihe do h
 which he en
e hin fi, o if hey
h
ll pe i wih oo much pe in
ciy, I will immedi
ely nomin
e

dic
o , who will oblige hem o ei e f om office." When hi peech
w

pp oved wih gene
l conen,
nd he p
 ici
n ejoiced, h

wihou he e o  of he  ibunii
n office,
nohe
nd
upe io
powe h
d been dicove ed o coe ce he m
gi
e, ove come by he
unive 
l conen, hey held he elecion of mili
y  ibune, who
we e o commence hei office on he c
lend of Ocobe ,
nd befo e h

d
y hey ei ed f om office.
10. Du ing he mili
y  ibunehip of Luciu V
le iu Poiu fo he
fou h ime, M
cu Fu iu C
millu fo he econd ime, M
niu miliu
M
me cinu
hi d ime, Cneiu Co neliu Cou
econd ime, Ko
F
biu Ambuu, Luciu Juliu Iulu, much buine w
 
n
ced

home
nd
b o
d. Fo he e w
 boh
complex w

 he 
me ime,

Veii,
 C
pen
,
 F
le ii,
nd
mong he Volci
n, h
 Anxu migh
be ecove ed f om he enemy;
nd
 he 
me ime he e w
 ome
difficuly expe ienced boh in coneuence of he levy,
nd of he
con ibuion of he 
x: he e w

lo
conenion
bou he


ppoinmen of plebei
n  ibune;
nd he wo  i
l of hoe, who

lile befo e h
d been inveed wih conul

uho iy, excied no
 ifling commoion. Fi  of
ll he  ibune of he oldie  oo c
e
h
 he levy hould be held;
nd no only he junio  we e enlied,
bu he enio 
lo we e compelled o give in hei n
me, o e ve


g
ion o he ciy. Bu in p opo ion
 he numbe of he oldie 
w

ugmened, o much he g e
e um of money w
 eui ed fo p
y;

nd hi w
 colleced by

x, hoe who em
ined
 home con ibuing

g
in hei will, bec
ue hoe who gu
ded he ciy h
d o pe fo m
mili
y e vice
lo,
nd o e ve he commonwe
lh. The  ibune of
he common, by hei ediiou h

ngue, c
ued hee hing, g ievou
in hemelve, o eem mo e ex
pe
ing, by hei
e ing, "h
 p
y
w
 e
blihed fo he oldie  wih hi view, h
 hey migh we

ou one h
lf of he common by mili
y e vice, he ohe h
lf by he

x. Th

ingle w
w
 being w
ged now fo he hi d ye
, on
pu poe h
 hey m
y h
ve
longe ime o w
ge i. Th

mie h
d
been
ied
 one levy fo fou diffe en w
,
nd h
 boy even
nd
old men we e d
gged f om home. Th
 neihe umme no wine now m
de

ny diffe ence, o h
 he e m
y neve be
ny epie fo he
unfo un
e common, who we e now even
 l
 m
de o p
y

x; o
h

fe hey b ough home hei bodie w
ed by h
dhip, wound,

nd evenu
lly by
ge,
nd found hei p ope ie
 home negleced by
he
bence of he p op ieo , h
d o p
y

x ou of hei imp
i ed
fo une,
nd o efund o he 
e in
m
nifold p opo ion he
mili
y p
y which h
d been
 i we e eceived on ine e." Beween
he levy
nd he 
x,
nd hei mind being 
en up by mo e impo 
n
conce n, he numbe of plebei
n  ibune could no be filled up
 he
elecion. A  uggle w

fe w
d m
de h
 p
 ici
n hould be
eleced ino he v
c
n pl
ce. When hi could no be c
ied, ill,
fo he pu poe of we
ening he T eboni
n l
w, i w
 m
n
ged h

C
iu L
ce iu
nd M
cu Acuiu hould be
dmied
  ibune of he
common, no doub h ough he influence of he p
 ici
n.
11. Ch
nce o di eced i, h
 hi ye
Cneiu T eboniu w
  ibune
of he common,
nd he conide ed h
 he unde oo he p
 on
ge of he
T eboni
n l
w

deb due o hi n
me
nd f
mily. He c ying ou
loud,
"h

poin which ome p
 ici
n h
d
imed
, hough b
ffled in
hei fi 
emp, h
d ye been c
ied by he mili
y  ibune; h

he T eboni
n l
w h
d been ubve ed,
nd  ibune of he common h
d
been eleced no by he uff
ge of he people bu by he m
nd
e of
he p
 ici
n;
nd h
 he hing w
 now come o hi, h
 eihe
p
 ici
n o depend
n of p
 ici
n we e o be h
d fo  ibune of
he common; h
 he devoing l
w we e 
en
w
y, he  ibunii
n
powe w eed f om hem; he
lleged h
 hi w
 effeced by ome

ifice of he p
 ici
n, by he vill
ny
nd  e
che y of hi
colle
gue." While no only he p
 ici
n, bu he  ibune of he
common
lo bec
me objec of public eenmen;
 well hoe who we e
eleced,
 hoe who h
d eleced hem; hen h ee of he college,
Publiu Cu i
iu, M
cu Meiliu,
nd M
cu Minuciu,
l
med fo
hei ine e, m
e
n

c on e giu
nd Vi giniu, mili
y
 ibune of he fo me ye
; hey u n
w
y he eenmen of he
common,
nd public odium f om hemelve on hem, by
ppoining
d
y
of  i
l fo hem. They obe ve h
 "hoe pe on by whom he levy,
he  ibue, he long e vice,
nd he di
n e
 of he w
w
 fel


g iev
nce, hoe who l
mened he c
l
miy u
ined
 Veii; uch

 h
d hei houe in mou ning h ough he lo of child en, b ohe ,
el
ive,
nd inmen, h
d now h ough hei me
n he igh
nd powe
of
venging he public
nd p iv
e o ow on he wo guily c
ue. Fo
h
 he ou ce of
ll hei uffe ing we e cen ed in e giu
nd
Vi giniu: no did he p oecuo
dv
nce h
 ch
ge mo e


if
co ily h
n he
ccued
cnowledged i; who, boh guily, h ew
he bl
me f om one o he ohe , Vi giniu ch
ging e giu wih unning

w
y, e giu ch
ging Vi giniu wih  e
che y. The folly of whoe
conduc w
 o inc edible, h
 i i much mo e p ob
ble h
 he
ff
i
h
d been con ived by conce ,
nd by he common
ifice of he
p
 ici
n. Th
 by hem
lo
n oppo uniy w
 fo me ly given o he
Veieni
n o bu n he wo  fo he 
e of p o
cing he w
;
nd
h
 now he
my w
 be
yed,
nd he Rom
n c
mp delive ed up o he
F
lici
n. Th
 eve y hing w
 done h
 he young men hould g ow old
befo e Veii,
nd h
 he  ibune hould no be
ble o conul he
people eihe eg
ding he l
nd o he ohe ine e of he common,

nd o give weigh o hei me

u e by
nume ou
end
nce [of
ciizen],
nd o m
e he
d
g
in he conpi
cy of he p
 ici
n.
Th

p eviou judgmen h
d been
l e
dy p
ed on he
ccued boh by
he en
e
nd he Rom
n people
nd by hei own colle
gue. Fo h
 by

dec ee of he en
e hey h
d been emoved f om he
dmini
ion of

ff
i ,
nd when hey efued o eign hei office hey h
d been
fo ced ino i by hei colle
gue;
nd h
 he Rom
n people h
d
eleced  ibune, who we e o ene on hei office no on he ide of
Decembe , he uu
l d
y, bu in
nly on he c
lend of Ocobe ,
bec
ue he epublic could no longe ubi, hee pe on em
ining in
office. And ye hee individu
l, ove whelmed
nd
l e
dy condemned by
o m
ny deciion
g
in hem, p eened hemelve fo  i
l befo e
he people;
nd hough h
 hey we e done wih he m
e ,
nd h
d
uffe ed ufficien punihmen, bec
ue hey we e educed o he 
e
of p iv
e ciizen wo monh oone [h
n o din
y]:
nd did no
conide h
 he powe of doing michief
ny longe w
 hen 
en f om
hem, h
 punihmen w
 no infliced; fo h
 he offici
l powe of
hei colle
gue
lo h
d been 
en f om hem who ce 
inly h
d
commied no f
ul. Th
 he Rom
n ciizen hould eume hoe
enimen which hey h
d when he ecen di
e w
 u
ined, when
hey beheld he
my flying in cone n
ion, cove ed wih wound,
nd
in dim
y pou ing ino he g
e,
ccuing no fo une no
ny of he
god, bu hee hei comm
nde . They we e ce 
in, h
 he e w
 no

m
n p een in he
embly who did no exec
e
nd dee he
pe on, f
milie,
nd fo une of Luciu Vi giniu
nd M
niu e giu.
Th
 i w
 by no me
n conien h
 now, when i w
 l
wful
nd
hei duy, hey hould no exe  hei powe
g
in pe on, on whom
hey h
d eve
lly imp ec
ed he venge
nce of he god. Th
 he god
hemelve neve l
id h
nd on he guily; i w
 enough if hey
med
he inju ed wih he me
n of 
ing evenge."
12. U ged on by hee dicou e he common condemn he
ccued [in

fine] of en hou

nd _
e_ in weigh, e giu in v
in h owing he
bl
me on fo une
nd he common ch
nce of w
, Vi giniu en e
ing h

he migh no be mo e unfo un
e
 home h
n he h
d been in he field.
The eenmen of he people being u ned
g
in hem, oblie
ed he
ememb
nce of he
umpion of he  ibune
nd of he f
ud commied

g
in he T eboni
n l
w. The vico iou  ibune, in o de h
 he
people migh e
p
n immedi
e benefi f om he  i
l, publih
fo m of

n
g
i
n l
w,
nd p even he 
x f om being con ibued, ince he e
w
 need of p
y fo o g e

numbe of  oop,
nd he ene p ie of
he e vice we e conduced wih ucce in uch
m
nne , h
 in none
of he w
 did hey e
ch he conumm
ion of hei hope. A Veii he
c
mp which h
d been lo w
 ecove ed
nd  enghened wih fo 
nd

g
ion. He e M. miliu
nd Ko F
biu, mili
y  ibune, comm
nded.
None of he enemy we e found ouide he w
ll by M
cu Fu iu in he
F
lie
n e io y,
nd Cneiu Co neliu in he C
pen
i
n di ic:
poil w
 d iven off,
nd he coun y l
id w
e by bu ning of he
houe
nd he f ui of he e
h: he own we e neihe

uled

no beieged. Bu
mong he Volci
n, hei e io y being
depopul
ed, Anxu , which w
 iu
e on
n eminence, w


uled, bu
o no pu poe;
nd when fo ce w
 ineffecu
l, hey commenced o
u ound i wih

mp

nd
 ench. The p ovince of he Volci
n
h
d f
llen [o he lo of] V
le iu Poiu. In hi 
e of mili
y

ff
i 
n ineine diu b
nce b oe ou wih g e
e violence h
n
he w
 we e p oceeded wih. And when i w
 ende ed impoible by he
 ibune o h
ve he 
x p
id,
nd he p
ymen [of he
my] w
 no
emied o he gene
l,
nd he oldie  bec
me impo un
e fo hei
p
y, he c
mp
lo w
 well nigh being involved in he con
gion of he
ediion in he ciy. Amid hi eenmen of he common
g
in he
p
 ici
n, hough he  ibune
e ed h
 now w
 he ime fo
e
blihing libe y,
nd 
nfe ing he ove eign digniy f om he
e gii
nd Vi ginii o plebei
n, men of fo iude
nd ene gy, ill
hey p oceeded no fu he h
n he elecion of one of he common,
Publiu Liciniu C
lvu, mili
y  ibune wih conul
powe fo he
pu poe of e
blihing hei igh by p eceden: he ohe  eleced
we e p
 ici
n, Publiu Mniu, Luciu Tiiniu, Publiu Mliu, Luciu
Fu iu Medullinu, Luciu Publiu Volcu. The common hemelve we e
u p ied
 h
ving g
ined o impo 
n
poin,
nd no me ely he who
h
d been eleced, being
pe on who h
d filled no po of honou
befo e, being only
en
o of long 
nding,
nd now weighed down wih
ye
. No doe i ufficienly
ppe
, why he w
 eleced fi 
nd in
p efe ence o
ny one ele o 
e he wee of he new digniy. ome
hin h
 he w

ied o o high
digniy h ough he influence of
hi b ohe , Cneiu Co neliu, who h
d been mili
y  ibune on he
p eceding ye
,
nd h
d given  iple p
y o he c
v
l y. Ohe  [
y]
h
 he h
d himelf delive ed
e
on
ble
dd e eu
lly
ccep
ble o
he p
 ici
n
nd common, conce ning he h
mony of he eve
l o de 
[of he 
e]. The  ibune of he common, exuling in hi vico y

he elecion, el
xed in hei oppoiion eg
ding he 
x,
m
e
which ve y much impeded he p og e of public buine. I w
 p
id in
wih ubmiion,
nd en o he
my.
13. In he coun y of he Volci
n Anxu w
 oon e
en, he gu
ding
of he ciy h
ving been negleced du ing
feiv
l d
y. Thi ye
w

em

ble fo
cold
nd nowy wine , o h
 he o
d we e
imp

ble,
nd he Tibe no n
vig
ble. The p ice of p oviion
unde wen no ch
nge, in coneuence of he
bund
nce p eviouly l
id in.
And bec
ue Publiu Liciniu,
 he ob
ined hi office wihou
ny
ioing, o he g e
e joy of he common h
n
nnoy
nce of he
p
 ici
n, o
lo did he
dminie i;

pu ou dei e of elecing
plebei
n
 he nex elecion oo poeion of hem. Of he
p
 ici
n M
cu Veu iu
lone ob
ined
pl
ce:
lmo
ll he
cenu ie
ppoined he ohe plebei
n c
ndid
e
 mili
y  ibune
wih conul

uho iy. M
cu Pomponiu, C
iu Duiliu, Vole o
Publiliu, Cneiu Genuciu, Luciu Ailiu. The eve e wine , whehe
f om he ill empe
u e of he
i [
iing] f om he
b up 
niion
o he con
y 
e, o f om wh
oeve ohe c
ue, w
 followed by

n unhe
lhy umme , de ucive o
ll pecie of
nim
l;
nd when
neihe he c
ue no e min
ion of hi in
c
ble peilence could
be dicove ed, he ibylline boo we e conuled
cco ding o
dec ee
of he en
e. The duumvi  fo he di ecion of eligiou m
e , he
lecie nium being hen fo he fi  ime in oduced ino he ciy of
Rome, fo eigh d
y implo ed he f
vou of Apollo
nd L
on
, Di
n

nd
He cule, Me cu y
nd Nepune, h ee couche being l
id ou wih he
g e
e m
gnificence h
 w
 hen poible. The 
me olemn ie w

obe ved
lo by p iv
e individu
l. The doo  lying open h oughou
he eni e ciy,
nd he ue of eve y hing lying ou in common, hey

y h

ll p
enge , boh hoe nown
nd hoe unnown

indic imin
ely, we e invied o lodging,
nd h
 conve 
ion w


doped beween pe on
 v
i
nce wih compl
i
nce
nd indne,
nd
h
 hey ef
ined f om dipue
nd u
el; hei ch
in we e
lo

en off hoe who we e in confinemen du ing hoe d
y; h


fe w
d
c uple w
 fel in imp ioning hoe o whom he god h
d
b ough uch
id. In he me
n while he
l
m w
 muliplied
 Veii,
h ee w
 being concen ed in he one pl
ce. Fo
 he C
pen
i
n
nd
F
lici
n h
d uddenly come wih uccou [o he Veieni
n], hey h
d
o figh
g
in h ee
mie on diffe en ide in he 
me m
nne

fo me ly, h ough he whole exen of hei wo . The ecollecion of
he enence p
ed on e giu
nd Vi giniu
ided hem
bove eve y
hing ele. Acco dingly ome fo ce being led
ound in
ho  ime
f om he p incip
l c
mp, whe e ome del
y h
d been m
de on he fo me
occ
ion,

c he C
pen
i
n on hei e
, whil hey we e eng
ged
in f on
g
in he Rom
n
mp
. The figh commencing in hi u
e
 uc e o ino he F
lici
n
lo,
nd

lly f om he c
mp
oppo unely m
de pu hem o fligh, h own ino dio de
 hey now
we e. The vico , h
ving hen pu ued hem in hei e e
, m
de g e

l
ughe
mong hem. And oon
fe hoe who h
d been dev

ing
he e io y of C
pen
, h
ving me hem
 i we e by ch
nce, eni ely
cu off he u vivo  of he figh
 hey we e 
ggling h ough he
coun y:
nd m
ny of he Veieni
n in hei e e
 o he ciy we e
l
in befo e he g
e; whil, h ough fe
le he Rom
n hould
fo ce in
long wih hem, hey excluded he hindmo of hei men by
cloing he g
e.
14. Thee we e he 
n
cion of h
 ye
. And now he elecion of
mili
y  ibune
pp o
ched;
bou which he p
 ici
n fel mo e
inene oliciude h
n
bou he w
, in
much
 hey 
w h
 he
up eme
uho iy w
 no only h
ed wih he common, bu
lmo lo
o hemelve. Whe efo e he mo diinguihed individu
l being, by
conce , p ep
ed o 
nd c
ndid
e, whom hey hough [he people]
would feel
h
med o p
 by, hey hemelve, neve hele,
 if hey
we e
ll c
ndid
e,  ying eve y expedien,  ove o g
in ove no
only men, bu he god
lo,
iing eligiou c uple
bou he
elecion held he wo p eceding ye
; h
, in he fo me of hoe
ye
,
wine e in inole
bly eve e,
nd lie o
p odigy f om
he god; on he nex ye
[hey h
d] no p odigie, bu even,

peilence infliced on boh ciy

nd coun y h ough he m
nife
eenmen of he god: whom,
 w
 dicove ed in he boo of he
f
e, i w
 nece
y o
ppe
e, fo he pu poe of w
ding off h

pl
gue. Th
 i eemed o he god
n
ff on h
 honou  hould be
p oiued,
nd he diincion of bi h confounded, in
n elecion
which w
 held unde p ope
upice. The people, ove
wed
 well by
he digniy of he c
ndid
e
 by
ene of eligion, eleced
ll he
mili
y  ibune wih conul
powe f om
mong he p
 ici
n, he
g e
e p
 being men who h
d been mo highly diinguihed by honou ;
Luciu V
le iu Poiu
fifh ime, M
cu V
le iu M
ximu, M
cu
Fu iu C
millu
hi d ime, Luciu Fu iu Medullinu
hi d ime,
Quinu e viliu Fiden

econd ime, Quinu ulpiciu C
me inu

econd ime. Du ing hi  ibun

e, nohing ve y memo
ble w
 pe fo med

 Veii. All hei fo ce w

 employed in depopul
ing he coun y. Two
conumm
e comm
nde , Poiu f om F
le ii, C
millu f om C
pen
,
c
ied off g e
 booy, nohing being lef unde oyed which could be
inju ed by wo d o by fi e.
15. In he me
n ime m
ny p odigie we e
nnounced; he g e
e p
 of
which we e lile c edied o even lighed, bec
ue individu
l we e
he epo e  of hem,
nd
lo bec
ue, he E u i
n being now
 w

wih hem, hey h
d no
upice h ough whom hey migh
end o hem.

The
enion of
ll w
 u ned o
p
icul
one: he l
e in he
Alb
n g ove welled o
n unuu
l heigh wihou
ny
in, o
ny ohe
c
ue which could
ccoun fo he m
e independenly of
mi
cle.
Commiione  we e en o he Delphic o
cle o inui e wh
 he god
po ended by hi p odigy; bu
n ine p ee of he f
e w
 p eened
o hem ne
e home in
ce 
in
ged Veieni
n, who,
mid he coff
h own ou by he Rom
n
nd E u i
n oldie  f om he ou-po
nd
gu
d, decl
ed,
fe he m
nne of one delive ing
p ophecy, h

unil he w
e hould be dich
ged f om he Alb
n l
e, he Rom
n
hould neve become m
e  of Veii. Thi w
 di eg
ded
 fi 

h
ving been h own ou

ndom,
fe w
d i beg
n o be c
nv
ed in
conve 
ion; unil one of he Rom
n oldie  on gu
d
ed one of he
ownmen who w
 ne
e him (
conve 
ion
l ine cou e h
ving now

en pl
ce in coneuence of he long coninu
nce of he w
) who he
w
, who h ew ou hoe d
 exp eion conce ning he Alb
n l
e?
Afe he he
d h
 he w

n
upex, being
m
n whoe mind w
 no
wihou
incu e of eligion, p eending h
 he wihed o conul him
on he expi
ion of
p iv
e po en, if he could
id him, he eniced
he p ophe o
confe ence. And when, being un
med, hey h
d p oceeded

conide
ble di
nce f om hei epecive p
ie wihou
ny

pp ehenion, he Rom

n youh h
ving he
dv
n
ge in  engh, oo up
he feeble old m
n in he igh of
ll,
nd
mid he ineffecu
l bule
m
de by he E u i
n, c
ied him
w
y o hi own p
y. When he w

conduced befo e he gene
l,
nd en f om hence o Rome o he
en
e, o hoe who
ed him wh
 h
 w
 which he h
d 
ed
conce ning he Alb
n l
e, he eplied, "h
 undoubedly he god we e

ng y wih he Veieni

n people on h
 d
y, on which hey h
d inpi ed
him wih he eolve o dicloe he uin of hi coun y
 deined by
he f
e. Whe efo e wh
 he hen decl
ed u ged by divine inpi
ion,
he neihe could ec
ll o h
 i m
y be un
id;
nd pe h
p by
conce
ling wh
 he immo 
l god wihed o be publihed, no le guil
w
 con
ced h
n by openly decl
ing wh
 ough o be conce
led. Thu
he efo e i w
 eco ded in he boo of he f
e, hu in he
E u i
n doc ine, h
 whenoeve he Alb
n w
e hould ie o

g e
 heigh, hen, if he Rom
n hould dich
ge i in
p ope
m
nne , vico y w
 g
ned hem ove he Veieni
n: befo e h

occu ed, h
 he god would no dee  he w
ll of Veii." He hen
de
iled wh
 would be he legiim
e mehod of d
ining. Bu he en
e
deeming hi
uho iy
 bu of lile weigh,
nd no o be eni ely
depended on in o impo 
n
m
e , dee mined o w
i fo he
depuie
nd he epone of he Pyhi
n o
cle.
16. Befo e he commiione  eu ned f om Delpho, o
n expi
ion of
he Alb
n p odigy w
 dicove ed, he new mili
y  ibune wih
conul
powe ene ed on hei office, Luciu Juliu Iulu, Luciu
Fu iu Medullinu fo he fou h ime, Luciu e giu Fiden
, Aulu
Poumiu Regilleni, Publiu Co neliu M
lugineni,
nd Aulu
M
nliu. Thi ye

new enemy, he T
uini
n, 
ed up. Bec
ue
hey 
w he Rom
n eng
ged in m
ny w
 ogehe , h
 of he Volci
n

 Anxu , whe e he g

ion w
 beieged, h
 of he u
n
 L
vici,
who we e

cing he Rom
n colony he e, mo eove in he Veieni
n,
F
lic
n,
nd C
pen
i
n w
,
nd h
 m
e  we e no mo e 
nuil
wihin he w
ll, by e
on of he dienion beween he p
 ici
n

nd common; conide ing h


mid hee [ ouble] he e w

n
oppo uniy fo
n

c, hey end hei ligh-
med coho  o commi
dep ed
ion on he Rom
n e io y. Fo [hey concluded] eihe h

he Rom
n would uffe h
 inju y o p
 off un
venged, h
 hey
migh no encumbe hemelve wih
n
ddiion
l w
, o h
 hey would
een i wih
c
ny
my,
nd one by no me
n  ong. The Rom
n
[fel] g e
e indign
ion, h
n
l
m,
 he in o
d of he

T
uini
n. On hi
ccoun he m
e w
 neihe 
en up wih g e

p ep

ion, no w
 i del
yed fo
ny lengh of ime. Aulu Poumiu

nd Luciu Juliu, h
ving
ied
body of men, no by
egul
levy,
(fo hey we e p evened by he  ibune of he common,) bu [
body
coniing] moly of volunee , whom hey h
d
oued by exho 
ion,
h
ving p oceeded by c o m
che h ough he e io y of C e, fell
unexpecedly on he T
uini
n,
 hey we e eu ning f om hei
dep ed
ion
nd l
den wih booy; hey lew g e
 numbe ,  ipped
hem
ll of hei b
gg
ge,
nd, h
ving ecove ed he poil of hei own
l
nd, hey eu n o Rome. Two d
y we e
llowed o he owne  o
ecl
im hei effec. On he hi d d
y, h
 po ion no owned (fo
mo of i belonged o he enemie hemelve) w
 old by public

ucion;
nd wh
 w
 p oduced f om hence, w
 di ibued
mong he
oldie . The ohe w
,
nd mo e epeci
lly he Veieni
n, we e of
doubful iue. And now he Rom
n, dep
i ing of hum
n
id, beg
n o
loo o he f
e
nd he god, when he depuie eu ned f om Delpho,
b inging wih hem
n
nwe of he o
cle, co eponding wih he
epone of he c
pive p ophe: "Rom
n, bew
e le he Alb
n w
e be
confined in he l
e, bew
e of uffe ing i o flow ino he e
in i
own  e
m. Thou h
l le i ou
nd fo m
p

ge fo i h ough he
field,
nd by dipe ing i in ch
nnel hou h
l conume i. Then
p e boldly on he w
ll of he enemy, mindful h
 he vico y i
g
ned o you by hee f
e which
e now eve
led ove h
 ciy
which hou
 beieging fo o m
ny ye
. The w
being ended, do
hou,
 vico iou, b ing
mple offe ing o my emple,
nd h
ving
enewed he eligiou iniuion of you coun y, he c
e of which
h
 been given up, pe fo m hem in he uu
l m
nne ."
17. Upon hi he c
pive p ophe beg
n o be held in high eeem,
nd
Co neliu
nd Poumiu, he mili
y  ibune, beg
n o employ him fo
he expi
ion of he Alb
n p odigy,
nd o
ppe
e he god in due fo m.
And i w

 lengh dicove ed whe ein he god found f
ul wih he
neglec of he ce emonie
nd he omiion of he cuom
y ie; h

i w
 undoubedly nohing ele, h
n h
 he m
gi
e, h
ving been

ppoined unde ome defec [in hei elecion], h

d no di eced he
L
in feiv
l
nd he olemniie on he Alb
n moun wih due
egul
iy. The only mode of expi
ion in he c
e w
, h
 he
mili
y  ibune hould eign hei office, he
upice be 
en

new,
nd
n ine egnum be
doped. All hee hing we e pe fo med

cco ding o
dec ee of he en
e. The e we e h ee ine ege in
ucceion, Luciu V
le iu, Quinu e viliu Fiden
, M
cu Fu iu
C
millu. In he me
n ime diu b
nce neve ce
ed o exi, he
 ibune of he common impeding he elecion unil i w
 p eviouly
ipul
ed, h
 he g e
e numbe of he mili
y  ibune hould be
eleced ou of he common. Whil hee hing
e going on,
emblie
of E u i
we e held
 he emple of Volumn
,
nd he C
pen
i
n
nd
F
lici
n dem
nding h

ll he 
e of E u i
hould by common
conen
nd eolve
id in
iing he iege of Veii, he
nwe given
w
: "h
 on
fo me occ
ion hey h
d efued h
 o he Veieni
n,
bec
ue hey h
d no igh o dem
nd
id f om hoe f om whom hey h
d
no olicied
dvice on o impo 
n
m
e . Th
 fo he p een
hei own condiion ine
d of hemelve[160] denied i o hem, mo e
epeci
lly in h
 p
 of E u i
. Th


nge n
ion, he G
ul,
we e become new neighbou , wih whom hey neihe h
d
ufficienly
ecu e pe
ce, no
ce 
iny of w
: o he blood, howeve ,
nd he
n
me
nd he p een d
nge  of hei inmen hi [m
 of epec] w

p
id, h
 if
ny of hei youh we e dipoed o go o h
 w
, hey
would no p even hem." Hence he e w

epo 
 Rome, h

g e

numbe of enemie h
d
ived,
nd in coneuence he ineine
dienion beg
n o ubide,
 i uu
l, h ough
l
m fo he gene
l


fey.
[Foonoe 160: o I h
ve ende ed _p o e_--o i m
y be ende ed,
"conide ing hei ci cum
nce," cil. he exe n
l ci cum
nce in
which hey we e pl
ced.]
18. Wihou oppoiion on he p
 of he p
 ici
n, he p e og
ive
 ibe elec Publiu Liciniu C
lvu mili
y  ibune wihou hi uing
fo i,
m
n of  ied mode
ion in hi fo me  ibun
e, bu now of
ex eme old
ge;
nd i w
 obe ved h

ll we e e-eleced in egul

ucceion ou of he college of he 
me ye
, Luciu Tiiniu, Publiu
Mniu, Publiu Mliu, Cneiu Genuciu, Luciu Ailiu: befo e hee
we e p ocl
imed, he  ibe being ummoned in he o din
y cou e,
Publiu Liciniu C
lvu, by pe miion of he ine ex, poe

follow: "Rom
n, I pe ceive h
 f om he ecollecion of ou

dmini
ion you
e eeing
n omen of conco d,
hing mo
impo 
n
 he p een ime, fo he enuing ye
. If you e-elec he

me colle
gue, imp oved
lo by expe ience, in me you no longe behold
he 
me pe on, bu he h
dow
nd n
me of Publiu Liciniu now lef.
The powe  of my body
e dec
yed, my ene of igh
nd he
ing
e
g own dull, my memo y f
le , he vigou of my mind i bluned. Behold
he e
youh," 
y he, holding hi on, "he ep een
ion
nd im
ge
of him whom ye fo me ly m
de
mili
y  ibune, he fi  f om
mong
he common. Thi youh, fo med unde my own dicipline, I p een
nd
dedic
e o he commonwe
lh

ubiue fo myelf. And I beeech
you, Rom
n, h
 he honou e
dily offe ed by you elve o me, you
would g
n o hi ui,
nd o my p
ye 
dded in hi beh
lf." The
f
vou w
 g
ned o he eue of he f
he ,
nd hi on, Publiu
Liciniu, w
 decl
ed mili
y  ibune wih conul
powe
long wih
hoe whom I h
ve menioned
bove. Tiiniu
nd Genuciu, mili
y
 ibune, p oceeded
g
in he F
lici
n
nd C
pen
i
n,
nd whil
hey conduc he w
wih mo e cou
ge h
n conduc, hey f
ll ino
n

mbuh. Genuciu,
oning fo hi eme iy by
n honou
ble de
h, fell

mong he fo emo in f on of he 

nd
d. Tiiniu, h
ving colleced
hi men f om he g e
 confuion [ino which hey we e h own] on

iing g ound, eo ed hei o de of b

le; no did he, howeve ,
venu e o eng
ge he enemy on even g ound. Mo e of dig
ce h
n of
lo w
 u
ined; which w
 well nigh p oving
g e
 c
l
miy; o
much
l
m w
 excied no only
 Rome, whihe
n ex
gge
ed
ccoun
of i h
d e
ched, bu in he c
mp
lo
 Veii. The e he oldie  we e
wih difficuly e
ined f om fligh,

epo  h
d p e
d h ough
he c
mp h
, he gene
l
nd
my h
ving been cu o piece, he
vico iou C
pen
i
n
nd F
lici
n
nd
ll he youh of E u i
we e
no f
off. A Rome hey g
ve c edi o
ccoun ill mo e
l
ming
h
n hee, h
 he c
mp
 Veii w
 now

ced, h

p
 of he
enemy w
 now
dv
ncing o he ciy p ep
ed fo
n

c: hey c owded
o he w
ll,
nd upplic
ion of he m
 on, which he public p
nic
h
d c
lled fo h f om hei houe, we e offe ed up in he emple;
nd
he god we e peiioned by p
ye , h
 hey would epel de ucion
f om he houe
nd emple of he ciy
nd f om he w
ll of Rome,
nd
h
 hey would
ve  h
 e o o Veii, if he 
c ed ie h
d been
duly enewed, if he p odigie h
d been expi
ed.
19. The g
me
nd he L
in feiv
l h
d now been pe fo med
new; now
he w
e f om he Alb
n l
e h
d been dich
ged upon he field,
nd
he f
e we e dem
nding [he uin of] Veii. Acco dingly
gene
l
deined fo he de ucion of h
 ciy
nd he p ee v
ion of hi
coun y, M
cu Fu iu C
millu, being nomin
ed dic
o ,
ppoined
Publiu Co neliu cipio hi m
e of he ho e. The ch
nge of he
gene
l uddenly p oduced
ch
nge in eve y hing. Thei hope eemed

diffe en, he pi i of he people we e diffe en, he fo une

lo of
he ciy eemed ch
nged. Fi  of
ll, he punihed
cco ding o mili
y
dicipline hoe who h
d fled f om Veii in h
 p
nic,
nd oo me
u e
h
 he enemy hould no be he mo fo mid
ble objec o he oldie .
Then
levy being p ocl
imed fo
ce 
in d
y, he himelf in he me
n
while m
e
n excu ion o Veii o  enghen he pi i of he
oldie : hence he eu n o Rome o enli he new
my, no
ingle
m
n declining he e vice. Youh f om fo eign 
e
lo, L
in
nd
He nici
n, c
me, p omiing hei e vice fo he w
:
fe he
dic
o eu ned hem h
n in he en
e,
ll p ep

ion being now
compleed fo he w
, he vowed,
cco ding o
dec ee of he en
e,
h
 he would, on he c
pu e of Veii, celeb
e he g e
 g
me,
nd
h
 he would ep
i
nd dedic
e he emple of Mohe M
u
, which h
d
been fo me ly conec
ed by King e viu Tulliu. H
ving e ou f om
he ciy wih hi
my
mid he high expec
ion[161]
he h
n me e
hope of pe on, he fi  encoune ed he F
lici
n
nd C
pen
i
n in
he di ic of Nepoe. Eve y hing he e being m
n
ged wih conumm
e
p udence
nd ill, w

ended,
 i uu
l, wih ucce. He no only
oued he enemy in b
le, bu he  ipped hem
lo of hei c
mp,
nd
ob
ined
g e
 u
niy of poil, he p incip
l p
 of which w

h
nded ove o he uo ; no much w
 given o he oldie . F om
hence he
my w
 m
ched o Veii,
nd
ddiion
l fo  cloe o e
ch
ohe we e e eced;
nd by
p ocl
m
ion being iued, h
 no one
hould figh wihou o de , he oldie  we e 
en off f om hoe
i mihe, which f euenly oo pl
ce

ndom beween he w
ll
nd

mp
, [o
 o
pply] o he wo . Of
ll he wo , f
he
g e
e
nd mo e l
bo iou w

mine which hey commenced o c
y
ino he enemie' ci
del. And h
 he wo  migh no be ine uped,

nd h
 he coninued l
bou unde g ound migh no exh
u he 
me
individu
l, he divided he numbe of pionee  ino ix comp
nie; ix
hou  we e
lloed fo he wo  in o
ion; no by nigh o d
y did
hey give up, unil hey m
de
p

ge ino he ci
del.
[Foonoe 161: _Expec
ione, &c._ Wih confiden expec
ion on he
p
 of hi coun ymen,
he h
n imple hope.]
20. When he dic
o now 
w h
 he vico y w
 in hi h
nd, h


mo opulen ciy w
 on he poin of being 
en,
nd h
 he e would
be mo e poil h
n h
d been ob
ined in
ll p eviou w
 
en
ogehe , h
 he migh no incu eihe he eenmen of he oldie 
f om
p
imoniou p
iion of he plunde , o diple
u e
mong he
p
 ici
n f om
p odig
l l
vihing of i, he en
lee o he
en
e, "h
 by he indne of he immo 
l god, hi own me
u e,

nd he pe eve
nce of he oldie , Veii would be oon in he powe of
he Rom
n people." Wh
 did hey hin hould be done wih epec o
he poil? Two opinion divided he en
e; he one h
 of he elde
Publiu Liciniu, who on being fi 
ed by hi on,
 hey 
y,
p opoed i
 hi opinion, h

p ocl
m
ion hould be openly en
fo h o he people, h
 whoeve wihed o h
e in he plunde , hould
p oceed o he c
mp befo e Veii; he ohe h
 of Appiu Cl
udiu,[162]
who, cenu ing uch p ofuion
 unp ecedened, ex
v
g
n, p
i
l,

nd one h
 w
 un
dvi
ble, if hey hould once judge i c imin
l,
h
 money 
en f om he enemy hould be [depoied] in he  e
u y
when exh
ued by w
,
dvied hei p
y o be p
id o he oldie  ou
of h
 money, o h
 he common migh he eby h
ve o p
y le 
x.
Fo h
 "he f
milie of
ll would feel hei h
e of uch
bouny in
eu
l p opo ion; h
 he h
nd of he idle  in he ciy, eve g eedy
fo plunde , would no hen c
y off he p ize due o b
ve w
io ,

 i gene
lly o h
ppen h

cco ding
 e
ch individu
l i won o
ee he p incip
l p
 of he oil
nd d
nge , o i he he le



cive

plunde e ." Liciniu, on he ohe h
nd,
gued h
 he
money in h
 c
e would eve p ove he ou ce of je
louy
nd

nimoiy,
nd h
 i would
ffo d g ound fo ch
ge befo e he
common,
nd hence fo ediion
nd new l
w. "Th
 i w
 mo e

dvi
ble he efo e h
 he feeling of he common hould be
concili
ed by h
 bouny; h
 uccou hould be
ffo ded hem,
exh
ued
nd d
ined by

x of o m
ny ye
,
nd h
 hey hould
feel he f ui
iing f om
w
, in which hey h
d in
m
nne g own
old. Wh
 e
ch oo f om he enemy wih hi own h
nd
nd b ough home
wih him would be mo e g
ifying
nd delighful, h
n if he we e o
eceive
much l
ge h
e
 he will of
nohe ." Th
 he dic
o
himelf wihed o hun he odium
nd ec imin
ion
iing f om he
m
e ; fo h
 e
on he 
nfe ed i o he en
e. The en
e,
oo, ough o h
nd he m
e hu efe ed o hem ove o he common,

nd uffe eve y m
n o h
ve wh
 he fo une of w
g
ve o him. Thi
p opoiion
ppe
ed o be he 
fe ,
 i would m
e he en
e
popul
. A p ocl
m
ion w
 he efo e iued, h
 hoe who choe
hould p oceed o he c
mp o he dic
o fo he plunde of Veii.
[Foonoe 162: Acco ding o Niebuh , (vol. ii. p. 233,) hi fe
pu
ino he mouh of Cl
udiu, i
 ibu
ble o igno
nce o
fo gefulne on he p
 of Livy, of he e
ly u
ge in he dividing of
poil, which h
d ce
ed o be obe ved in he ime of Auguu.
Acco ding o fo me Rom
n u
ge, h
lf of he conue ing
my w

employed, unde he 
ncion of
olemn o
h, o ub
c nohing, in
collecing he poil, which w
 hen p
ly divided by lo, p
ly old,

nd he p oceed, if p omied o he oldie , dibu ed o hem m

n by
m
n, if ohe wie, i w
 b ough ino he  e
u y. Boh cheme
menioned he e by Livy, i will be obe ved, conempl
ed compen
ion
o he people fo he w
-
x which hey h
d o long p
id; bu h
 of
Liciniu w
 mo e f
vou
ble, epeci
lly o he poo ,
 he o din
y
ciizen would eceive eu
l h
e,
nd he compen
ion would be
di ec
nd immedi
e.--_Gunne._]
21. The v
 muliude who wen filled he c
mp. Then he dic
o ,
going fo h
fe 
ing he
upice, h
ving iued o de  h
 he
oldie  hould 
e
m, 
y, "Unde hy guid
nce, O Pyhi
n Apollo,

nd inpi ed by hy diviniy, I p oceed o de oy he ciy of Veii,

nd
I vow o hee he enh p
 of he poil.[163] Thee
lo, ueen Juno,
who inh
bie Veii, I beeech, h
 hou wil
ccomp
ny u, when
vico , ino ou ciy, oon o be hine, whe e
emple wo hy of hy
m
jey h
ll eceive hee."[164] H
ving offe ed up hee p
ye , he e
being mo e h
n
ufficien numbe of men, he

ul he ciy on
eve y u
e , in o de h
 he pe cepion of he d
nge h e
ening
hem f om he mine migh be diminihed. The Veieni
n, igno
n h

hey h
d
l e
dy been doomed by hei own p ophe,
l e
dy by fo eign
o
cle, h
 he god h
d been
l e
dy invied o
h
e in hei
plunde , h
 ome, c
lled ou by vow f om hei ciy, we e looing
ow
d he emple of he enemy
nd new h
bi
ion,
nd h
 hey we e
pending h
 he l
 d
y [of hei exience], fe
ing nohing le
h
n h
, hei w
ll being unde mined, he ci
del w
 now filled wih
enemie, b ily un o he w
ll in
m, wonde ing wh
 could be he
e
on h
, when no one h
d i ed f om he Rom
n po fo o m
ny
d
y, hen,
 if  uc wih udden fu y, hey hould un heedlely o
he w
ll. A f
bulou n

ive i in oduced he e, h
, when he ing
of he Veieni
n w
 offe ing 
c ifice, he voice of he
upex,
decl
ing h
 he vico y w
 given o him who hould cu up he
en
il of h
 vicim, h
ving been he
d in he mine, incied he
Rom
n oldie  o bu  open he mine, c
y off he en
il,
nd b ing
hem o he dic
o . Bu in m
e  of uch emoe
niuiy, I hould

deem i ufficien, if m
e  be
ing
eembl
nce o  uh be

dmied
  ue. uch o ie
 hi, mo e uied o dipl
y on he

ge, which deligh in he m
vellou, h
n o hio ic
uheniciy,
i i no wo h while eihe o
ffi m o efue. The mine,
 hi ime
full of choen men, uddenly dich
ged he
med  oop in he emple
of Juno which w
 in he ci
del of Veii.[165] ome of hem

c he
e
of he enemy on he w
ll; ome o e open he b
 of he g
e;
ome e fi e o he houe, while one
nd ile we e h own down
f om he oof by he women
nd l
ve. Cl
mou , coniing of he
v
iou voice of he

il
n
nd he e ified, mixed wih he
c ying of women
nd child en, fill eve y pl
ce. The oldie  being in

n in
n be
en off f om he w
ll,
nd he g
e being h own open,
ome ene ing in bodie, ohe  c
ling he dee ed w
ll, he ciy
become filled wih enemie, fighing 
e pl
ce in eve y u
e . Then,
much l
ughe being now m
de, he
dou of he figh
b
e;
nd he
dic
o comm
nd he he
ld o p ocl
im h
 he un
med hould be
p
ed. Thi pu
n end o bloodhed. Then l
ying down hei
m, hey
commenced o u ende ;
nd, by pe miion of he dic
o , he oldie 
dipe e in ue of plunde . And when hi w
 colleced befo e hi
eye, g e
e in u
niy
nd in he v
lue of he effec h
n he h
d
hoped o expeced, he dic
o ,
iing hi h
nd o he
ven, i 
id o
h
ve p
yed, "h
, if hi ucce
nd h
 of he Rom
n people eemed
exceive o
ny of he god
nd men, i migh be pe mied o he Rom
n
people o
ppe
e h
 je
louy wih
 lile de imen
 poible o
himelf
nd he Rom
n people."[166] I i eco ded h
, when u ning

bou du ing hi p

ye , he umbled
nd fell;
nd o pe on judging
of he m
e by ubeuen even, h
 eemed o efe

n omen o
C
millu' own condemn
ion,
nd he di
e of he ciy of Rome being

in, which h
ppened
few ye

fe . And h
 d
y w
 conumed in
l
ughe ing he enemy
nd in he plunde of hi mo opulen ciy.
[Foonoe 163: "Thi vow f euenly occu  in G eci
n hio y, lie h

m
de of he Pe i
n booy, bu hi i he only in
nce in he hio y
of Rome."--_Niebuh _, vol. ii. 239.]
[Foonoe 164: _Evoc
o_. When he Rom
n beieged
own,
nd hough
hemelve u e of 
ing i, hey ued olemnly o c
ll ou of i he
god in whoe p oecion he pl
ce w
 uppoed o be.]
[Foonoe 165: The ide
of he Rom
n wo ing
mine, even h ough he
oil of Veii, o
 o be u e of e
ching no only he own
nd he
ci
del,
nd even he emple, i conide ed by Niebuh
 ex emely
idiculou. He deem he ci cum
nce
cle
p oof of he ficion h



che o he eni e o y of he c
pu e of Veii. The whole eem o
be
n imi
ion of he iege of T oy.--_Gunne._]
[Foonoe 166: The p

ge in he o igin
l, in he gene
liy of
ediion, i e
d
 follow: _u e
m invidium leni e, um minimo uo
p iv
o incommodo publicoue, populo Rom
no lice e_: i. e. h
 boh
himelf
nd he Rom
n people m
y ge ove he evil coneuence of he
je
louy of he god wih
 lile de imen
 poible o eihe :
_populi Rom
ni_ eem p efe
ble he e: i. e. "h
 i migh be
llowed
o lighen h
 je
louy, by he le
 poible inju y o hi own
p iv
e ine e,
nd o he public ine e of he Rom
n people."
The e we e ce 
inly wo pe on conce ned in he _invidi
_
nd
_incommodum_ he e, C
millu himelf,
nd he Rom
n people; o whom
epecively he _d
mn
io_,
nd _el
de c
p u bi_,
fe w
d
menioned, obviouly efe . ome ediion e
d, _invidi
m leni e uo
p iv
o incommodo, um minimo publico populi Rom
ni lice e_. Thi i
he e
ding
doped by C evie ; i. e. "o
ppe
e he je
louy by hi

own p iv
e lo,
he h
n he le
 public lo." Thi i mo e in

cco d
nce wih he
ccoun given of C
millu by Plu
ch,
nd con
in

enimen ce 
inly mo e wo hy boh of Livy
nd of C
millu.
enimen
c ibed by Plu
ch o C
millu, will h
ve uo p iv
o
incommodo, u
m minimo publico P. R., giving him he p
 ioic wih o
ende ligh he odium by hi own p iv
e lo, _
he h
n_ he le

public lo; o , by hi own p iv
e lo, bu if no, _by_
 m
ll

public lo
 poible. Pop-_li_ R-_i_, bee h
n _o_, _o_,

_lice e_ would, in he l
e c
e,
pply only o one of he p
ie;
in he fo me boh
e unde ood.]
22. On he following d
y he dic
o old he inh
bi
n of f ee
condiion by
ucion: h
 w
 he only money
pplied o public ue, no
wihou eenmen on he p
 of he people:
nd fo he poil hey
b ough home wih hem, hey fel no oblig
ion eihe o hei
comm
nde , who, in hi e
ch fo
beo  of hi own p
imony, h
d
efe ed o he en
e
m
e wihin hi own ju idicion, o o he
en
e, bu o he Licini
n f
mily, of which he on h
d l
id he m
e
befo e he en
e,
nd he f
he h
d been he p opoe of o popul

eoluion. When
ll hum
n we
lh h
d been c
ied
w
y f om Veii, hey
hen beg
n o emove he offe ing o hei god
nd he god
hemelve, bu mo e
fe he m
nne of wo hippe  h
n of plunde e .
Fo youh eleced f om he eni e
my, o whom he ch
ge of
conveying ueen Juno o Rome w

igned,
fe h
ving ho oughly
w
hed hei bodie
nd

yed hemelve in whie g
men, ene ed
he emple wih p ofound
do
ion,
pplying hei h
nd
 fi  wih
eligiou
we, bec
ue,
cco ding o he E u i
n u
ge, no one bu

p ie of
ce 
in f
mily h
d been
ccuomed o ouch h
 
ue.
Then when ome one, moved eihe by divine inpi
ion, o in youhful
jocul
iy, 
id, "Juno,
 hou willing o go o Rome," he e
joined in houing h
 he godde h
d nodded
en. To he o y
n

ddiion w

fe w
d m
de, h
 he voice w
 he
d, decl
ing h

"he w
 willing." Ce 
in i i, we
e info med h
, h
ving been

ied f om he pl
ce by m
chine of  ifling powe , he w
 ligh
nd
e
ily emoved, lie
 if he [willingly] followed;
nd h
 he w

conveyed 
fe o he Avenine, he ee n
l e
, whihe he vow of he
dic
o h
d invied he ; whe e he 
me C
millu who h
d vowed i,

fe w
d dedic
ed
emple o he . uch w
 he f
ll of Veii, he
we
lhie ciy of he E u i
n n
ion, which even in i fin
l
ove h ow demon
ed i g e
ne; fo h
ving been beieged fo en
umme 
nd wine  wihou ine miion,
fe i h
d infliced
conide
bly g e
e loe h
n i h
d u
ined, evenu
lly, f
e now

 lengh u ging [i de ucion], i w

 c
ied
fe
ll by he
con iv
nce of
, no by fo ce.
23. When new w
 b ough o Rome h
 Veii w
 
en,
lhough boh
he p odigie h
d been expi
ed,
nd he
nwe  of he p ophe
nd he
Pyhi
n epone we e well nown,
nd hough hey h
d eleced
 hei
comm
nde M
cu Fu iu, he g e
e gene
l of he d
y, which w

doing
 much o p omoe ucce
 could be done by hum
n p udence; ye
bec
ue he w
h
d been c
ied on he e fo o m
ny ye
 wih v
iou
ucce,
nd m
ny loe h
d been u
ined, hei joy w
 unbounded,

if fo
n even no expeced;
nd befo e he en
e could p

ny
dec ee,
ll he emple we e c owded wih Rom
n m
 on eu ning h
n
o he god. The en
e dec ee upplic
ion fo he p
ce of fou
d
y,
numbe of d
y g e
e h
n [w
 p ec ibed] in
ny fo me w
.
The dic
o '
iv
l
lo,
ll
n pou ing ou o mee him, w

bee
ended h
n h
 of
ny gene
l befo e,
nd hi  iumph
conide
bly u p
ed
ll he o din
y yle of honou ing uch
d
y.
The mo conpicuou of
ll w
 himelf, iding h ough he ciy in

ch
io d
wn by whie ho e;
nd h

ppe
ed unbecoming, no o 
y

ciizen, bu even

hum
n being. The people conide ed i
n ou
ge
on eligion h
 he dic
o ' euip
ge hould emul
e h
 of Jupie

nd Apollo;
nd fo h
 ingle e
on hi  iumph w

he plendid
h
n ple
ing. He hen con
ced fo
emple fo ueen Juno on Moun
Avenine,
nd conec
ed h
 of Mohe M
u
:
nd,
fe h
ving
pe fo med hee e vice o he god
nd o m
nind, he l
id down hi
dic
o hip. They hen beg
n o conide eg
ding he offe ing o
Apollo;
nd when C
millu 
ed h
 he h
d vowed he enh p
 of he
poil o him,
nd he poniff decl
ed h
 he people ough o
dich
ge hei own oblig
ion,
pl
n w
 no e
dily  uc ou of
o de ing he people o efund he poil, o h
 he due p opo ion
migh be e
ide ou of i fo 
c ed pu poe. A lengh hey h
d
ecou e o hi which eemed he e
ie cou e, h
, whoeve wihed
o
cui himelf
nd hi f
mily of he eligiou oblig
ion,
fe he
h
d m
de hi own eim
e of hi po ion of he plunde , hould p
y ino
he  e
u y he v
lue of he enh p
, o h
 ou of i
golden
offe ing wo hy of he g
ndeu of he emple
nd he diviniy of he
god migh be m
de, ui
ble o he digniy of he Rom
n people. Thi
con ibuion
lo ended o
lien
e he
ffecion of he common f om
C
millu. Du ing hee 
n
cion
mb

do  c
me f om he Volci
n

nd u
n o ue fo pe
ce;
nd pe
ce w
 ob
ined,
he h
 he

e we
ied by o ediou
w
migh ob
in epoe, h
n h
 he
peiione  we e dee ving of i.
24. Afe he c
pu e of Veii, he following ye
h
d ix mili
y
 ibune wih conul
powe , he wo Publii Co nelii, Cou
nd
cipio, M
cu V
le iu M
ximu
econd ime, Ko F
biu Ambuu

hi d ime, Luciu Fu iu Medullinu

fifh ime, Quinu e viliu

hi d ime. To he Co nelii he F

lici
n w
, o V
le iu
nd e viliu
he C
pen
i
n w
, fell by lo. By hem no ciie we e
emped by
o m o by iege, bu he coun y w
 l
id w
e,
nd he plunde of
he effec on he l
nd w
 d iven off; no
ingle f ui  ee, no

vege
ble w
 lef on he l
nd. Thee loe educed he people of
C
pen
; pe
ce w
 g
ned o hem on hei uing fo i. The w

mong
he F
lici
n ill coninued. A Rome in he me
n ime ediion bec
me
muliplied;
nd fo he pu poe of
u
ging hi hey eolved h


colony hould be en off o he Volci

n coun y, fo which h ee
hou
nd Rom
n ciizen hould be en olled;
nd he  iumvi 
ppoined
fo he pu poe, di ibued h ee
c e
nd even-welfh o e
ch m
n.
Thi don
ion beg
n o be co ned, bec
ue hey hough h
 i w

offe ed

ol
ce fo he di
ppoinmen of highe hope. Fo why we e
he common o be en ino exile o he Volci
n, when he m
gnificen
ciy of Veii w
 ill in view,
nd he Veieni
n e io y, mo e
fe ile
nd exenive h
n he Rom
n e io ? The ciy
lo hey
exolled
 p efe
ble o he ciy of Rome, boh in iu
ion, in he
g
ndeu of i enclou e,
nd building, boh public
nd p iv
e. N
y,
even h
 cheme w
 p opoed, which
fe he 
ing of Rome by he
G
ul w
 ill mo e  ongly u ged, of emoving o Veii. Bu hey
deined Veii o be inh
bied by h
lf he common
nd h
lf he en
e;

nd h
 wo ciie of one common epublic migh be inh
bied by he
Rom
n people.[167] When he noble  ove
g
in hee me
u e o
 enuouly,
 o decl
e "h
 hey would oone die in he igh of
he Rom
n people, h
n h

ny of hee hing hould be pu o he
voe; fo h
 now in one ciy he e we e o m
ny dienion; wh

would he e be in wo? Would
ny one p efe
v
nuihed o
vico iou
ciy;
nd uffe Veii now
fe being c
pu ed o enjoy g e
e
p ope iy h
n i h
d befo e i c
pu e? L
ly, h
 hey m
y be
fo 
en in hei coun y by hei fellow-ciizen; h
 no powe hould
eve oblige hem o fo 
e hei coun y
nd fellow-ciizen,
nd

follow Tiu Liciniu (fo he w

 he  ibune of he common who
p opoed he me
u e)

founde o Veii,
b
ndoning he divine
Romulu, he on of
god, he p
en
nd founde of he ciy of Rome."
When hee p oceeding we e going on wih h
meful conenion, (fo he
p
 ici
n h
d d
wn ove , one h
lf of he  ibune of he common o
hei enimen,) nohing ele obliged he common o ef
in f om
violence, bu h
 wheneve
cl
mou w
 e up fo he pu poe of
commencing
io, he p incip
l membe  of he en
e, p eening
hemelve
mong he fo emo o he c owd, o de ed h
 hey hemelve
hould be

ced,  uc,
nd pu o de
h. Whil hey
b
ined f om
viol
ing hei
ge, digniy,
nd honou
ble 
ion, hei epec fo
hem checed hei
ge even wih epec o imil

emp on ohe .
[Foonoe 167: "A p opo
l o
bu d would h
ve juified he mo
vehemen oppoiion of he en
e. Bu i i much mo e p ob
ble, h

he cope of he p opoiion w
, h
 on hi occ
ion he whole of he
conue ed l
nd hould be divided, bu
mong he whole n
ion, o h

he p
 ici
n
lo
nd hei clien hould eceive
h
e

bolue
p ope y."--_Neibuh _, vol. ii. p. 248.]
25. C
millu,
 eve y oppo uniy
nd in
ll pl
ce, 
ed publicly,
"h
 hi w
 no

ll u p iing; h
 he 
e w
 gone m
d;
which, hough bound by
vow, ye fel g e
e conce n in
ll ohe
m
e  h
n in
cuiing ielf of i eligiou oblig
ion. He would

y nohing of he con ibuion of
n
lm mo e  icly pe
ing h
n
of
enh; ince e
ch m
n bound himelf in hi p iv
e c
p
ciy by i,
he public w
 e f ee. Howeve , h
 hi concience would no pe mi
him o p
 hi ove in ilence, h
 ou of h
 poil only which
conied of mov
ble effec,
enh w
 e
p
; h
 no menion w

m
de of he ciy
nd c
pu ed l
nd, which we e
lo included in he
vow." A he dicuion of hi poin eemed difficul o he en
e, i
w
 efe ed o he poniff; C
millu being invied [o he council],
he college decided, h
 wh
eve h
d belonged o he Veieni
n befo e
he ue ing of he vow,
nd h
d come ino he powe of he Rom
n people

fe he vow w

 m
de, of h

enh p
 w
 
c ed o Apollo. Thu
he ciy
nd l
nd we e b ough ino he eim
e. The money w
 iued
f om he  e
u y,
nd he conul
 ibune of he oldie  we e
commiioned o pu ch
e gold wih i. And when he e w
 no

ufficien u
niy of hi [me
l], he m
 on h
ving held meeing o
delibe
e on he ubjec,
nd by
gene
l eoluion h
ving p omied
he mili
y  ibune hei gold
nd
ll hei o n
men, b ough hem
ino he  e
u y. Thi ci cum
nce w
 peculi
ly g
eful o he
en
e,
nd hey 
y h
 in eu n fo hi gene oiy he honou w

confe ed on he m
 on, h
 hey migh ue cove ed ch
io [when
going] o public wo hip
nd he g
me,
nd open ch
ie on feiv
l
nd
common d
y. A ce 
in weigh of gold being eceived f om e
ch
nd
v
lued, in o de h
 he p ice migh be p
id fo i, i w
 eolved
h

golden bowl hould be m
de of i, which w
 o be c
ied o
Delpho

n offe ing o Apollo. A oon
 hey dieng
ged hei mind
f om he eligiou oblig
ion, he  ibune of he common enew hei
ediiou p
cice; he popul
ce
e excied
g
in
ll he noble,
bu
bove
ll
g
in C
millu: h
 "he by confic
ing
nd
conec
ing he plunde of Veii h
d educed i o nohing." The
ben
[noble] hey
bue in violen e m: hey evince
epec fo hem in
hei p eence, when hey volun
ily p eened hemelve o hei
fu y. A oon
 hey pe ceived h
 he buine would be p o
ced
beyond h
 ye
, hey e-elec
  ibune of he common fo he
following ye
he 
me
beo  of he l
w;
nd he p
 ici
n  ove
o
ccomplih he 
me hing wih epec o hoe who we e opponen of
he l
w. Thu he 
me pe on in
g e
 me
u e we e e-eleced

 ibune of he common.

26. A he elecion of mili
y  ibune he p
 ici
n ucceeded by
hei umo exe ion in h
ving M
cu Fu iu C
millu eleced. They
p eended h
 he w
 w
ned

comm
nde on
ccoun of he w
; bu
he w
 inended

n opponen o he  ibune in hei p ofuion. The
mili
y  ibune wih conul

uho iy eleced wih C
millu we e,
Luciu Fu iu Medullinu
ixh ime, C
iu miliu, Luciu V
le iu
Publicol
, pu iu Poumiu, Publiu Co neliu
econd ime. A he
commencemen of he ye
he  ibune of he common oo no
ep
unil M
cu Fu iu C
millu hould e ou o he F
lici
n,
 h

w
h
d been
igned o him. Then by del
ying he p ojec cooled;
nd
C
millu, whom hey chiefly d e
ded

n
n
goni,
cui ed
n
inc e
e of glo y
mong he F
lici
n. Fo when he enemy
 fi 
confined hemelve wihin he w
ll, conide ing i he 
fe pl
n, by
l
ying w
e hei l
nd
nd bu ning hei houe, he compelled hem o
come fo h f om he ciy; bu hei fe
 p evened hem f om p oceeding
o
ny conide
ble lengh. A
bou
mile f om he own hey pich
hei c
mp;  uing h
 i w
 ufficienly ecu e f om no ohe
c
ue, h
n he difficuly of he
pp o
che, he o
d
ound being
ough
nd c
ggy, in ome p
 n
ow, in ohe  eep. Bu C
millu
h
ving followed he di ecion of
p ione belonging o he coun y

hi guide, dec
mping

n
dv
nced hou of he nigh,
 b e
 of d
y
how himelf on g ound conide
bly highe [h
n hei ]. The Rom
n
wo ed
 he fo ific
ion in h ee diviion: he e of he
my
ood p ep
ed fo b
le. The e he ou
nd pu o fligh he enemy
when hey
emped o ine up hi wo ;
nd uch e o w
  uc
ino he F
lici
n in coneuence, h
, in hei p ecipi
e fligh
p
ing by hei own c
mp which l
y in hei w
y, hey m
de fo he
ciy. M
ny we e l
in
nd wounded, befo e h
 in hei p
nic hey could
m
e hei w
y h ough he g
e. Thei c
mp w
 
en; he poil w

given up o he uo , o he g e
 di
if
cion of he oldie ;
bu ove come by he  icne of hi
uho iy, hey boh h
ed
nd

dmi ed he 
me fi mne of conduc. Then
egul
iege of he ciy
oo pl
ce,
nd he line of ci cumv
ll
ion we e c
ied on,
nd
omeime occ
ion
l

c we e m
de by he ownmen on he Rom
n
po,
nd ligh i mihe oo pl
ce:
nd he ime w
 pen, no hope
[of ucce] inclining o eihe ide, whil co n
nd ohe p oviion
we e poeed in much g e
e
bund
nce by he beieged h
n he
beiege  f om [he o e] which h
d been p eviouly l
id in. And hei
oil
ppe
ed liely o p ove ju
 ediou
 i h
d
 Veii, h
d no
fo une p eened o he Rom
n gene
l
 once boh
n oppo uniy fo
dipl
ying hi vi uou fi mne of mind
l e
dy eed in w
lie

ff
i ,
nd
peedy vico y.
27. I w
 he cuom
mong he F
lici
n o employ he 
me pe on

p ecepo
nd p iv
e uo fo hei child en;
nd,
 coninue he
u
ge o hi d
y in G eece, eve
l youh we e in ued o he c
e
of one m
n. The pe on who
ppe
ed o excel in nowledge, in uced,

 i i n
u
l o uppoe, he child en of he le
ding men. A he h
d
e
blihed i

cuom du ing pe
ce o c
y he boy ou beyond he
ciy fo he 
e of pl
y
nd of exe cie; h
 cuom no h
ving been
diconinued du ing he exience of he w
; hen d
wing hem
w
y
f om he g
e, omeime in ho e , omeime in longe excu ion,

dv
ncing f
he h
n uu
l, when
n oppo uniy offe ed, by v
ying
hei pl
y
nd conve 
ion, he led hem on beween he enemy' gu
d,

nd hence o he Rom

n c
mp ino hi en o C
millu. The e o he

 ociou
c he
dded
ill mo e
 ociou peech: h
 "he h
d
delive ed F
le ii ino he h
nd of he Rom
n, when he pu ino hei
powe hoe child en, whoe p
en
e he e
 he he
d of
ff
i ."

When C
millu he
d hi, he 
y, "Wiced
 hou
, hou h
 come
wih hy vill
nou offe ing neihe o
people no
comm
nde lie
hyelf. Beween u
nd he F
lici
n he e exi no h
 fo m of
ociey which i e
blihed by hum
n comp
c; bu beween boh he e
doe exi,
nd eve will exi, h
 which n
u e h
 impl
ned. The e

e l
w of w

 well of pe
ce;
nd we h
ve le
ned o w
ge hem
july no le h
n b
vely. We c
y
m no
g
in h

ge which
i p
ed even when own
e 
en, bu
g
in men who
e hemelve

med,
nd who, no h
ving been inju ed o p ovoed by u,

ced he
Rom
n c
mp
 Veii. Thoe hou h
 u p
ed,
 f

 l
y in you, by

n unp ecedened
c of vill
ny: I h
ll conue hem,
 I did Veii, by
Rom
n
, by b
ve y, l
bou ,
nd by
m." Then h
ving  ipped him
n
ed,
nd ied hi h
nd behind hi b
c, he delive ed him up o he
boy o be b ough b
c o F
le ii;
nd upplied hem wih od o
cou ge he 
io
nd d ive him ino he ciy. A which pec
cle,

c owd of people being

embled,
fe w
d he en
e being convened by
he m
gi
e on he ex
o din
y ci cum
nce, o g e

ch
nge w

p oduced in hei enimen, h
 he eni e 
e e
nely dem
nded
pe
ce
 he h
nd of hoe, who l
ely, ou
geou by h
 ed
nd
nge ,

lmo p efe ed he f

e of he Veieni
n o he pe
ce of he
C
pen
i
n. The Rom
n f
ih, he juice of he comm
nde ,
e c ied up
in he fo um
nd in he en
e-houe;
nd by unive 
l conen

mb

do  e ou o he c
mp o C
millu,
nd hence by pe miion of
C
millu o Rome o he en
e, in o de o delive up F
le ii. When
in oduced befo e he en
e, hey
e ep eened
 h
ving poen
hu: "Conc ip f
he , ove come by you
nd you comm
nde by

vico y
 which neihe god no m
n c
n feel diple
u e, we u ende
ou elve o you, conide ing h
 we h
ll live mo e h
ppily unde you
ule h
n unde ou own l
w, h
n which nohing c
n be mo e glo iou fo

conue o . In he eul of hi w

, wo 
lu
y ex
mple h
ve been
exhibied o m
nind. You p efe ed f
ih in w
o p een vico y: we,
ch
llenged by you good f
ih, h
ve volun
ily given up o you he
vico y. We
e unde you ove eigny. end men o eceive ou
m,
ou ho
ge, ou ciy wih i g
e h own open. You h
ll neve h
ve
o epen of ou fideliy, no we of you dominion." Th
n we e
eu ned o C
millu boh by he enemy
nd by hi own coun ymen. Money
w
 eui ed of he F
lici
n o p
y off he oldie  fo h
 ye
,
h
 he Rom
n people migh be elieved f om he  ibue. Pe
ce being
g
ned, he
my w
 led b
c o Rome.
28. When C
millu eu ned home, ign
lized by much mo e olid glo y
h
n when whie ho e h
d d
wn him h ough he ciy, h
ving v
nuihed
he enemy by juice
nd good f
ih, he en
e did no conce
l hei
ene of epec fo him, bu immedi
ely e
bou
cuiing him of
hi vow;
nd Luciu V
le iu, Luciu e giu, Aulu M
nliu, being en
in
hip of w


mb

do  o c
y he golden bowl o Delpho


n offe ing o Apollo, we e ine ceped by he pi

e of he Lip
ene
no f
f om he icili
n 
i,
nd c
ied o Lip
. I w
 he
cuom of he 
e o m
e
diviion of
ll booy which w

cui ed,

 i we e, by public pi
cy. On h
 ye
i o h
ppened h
 one
Tim
iheu filled he office of chief m
gi
e,
m
n mo e lie he
Rom
n h
n hi own coun ymen. Who, himelf eve encing he n
me of

mb

do ,
nd he offe ing,
nd he god o whom i w
 en,
nd he
c
ue of he offe ing, imp eed he muliude
lo, who
lmo on
ll
occ
ion eemble hei ule , wih [
ene] of eligiou juice;
nd

fe h
ving b ough he
mb

do  o
public ene 
inmen, eco ed
hem wih he p oecion of ome hip o Delpho,
nd f om hence
b ough hem b
c in 
fey o Rome. By
dec ee of he en
e
le
gue
of hopi
liy w
 fo med wih him,
nd p een we e confe ed on him
by he 
e. Du ing he 
me ye
he w
wih he u
n w


conduced wih v
ying ucce; o h
 i w

m
e of doub boh

mong he  oop hemelve

nd
 Rome, whehe hey h
d been
vico iou o we e v
nuihed. The Rom
n comm
nde  we e C
iu miliu

nd pu iu Poumiu, wo of he mili

y  ibune. A fi  hey
ced
in conjuncion; hen,
fe he enemy we e oued in he field, i w


g eed h
 miliu hould 
e poeion of Ve ugo wih
ce 
in
fo ce,
nd h
 Poumiu hould dev

e he coun y. The e,
 he
l
e p oceeded
he negligenly,
nd wih hi  oop i egul
ly
d
wn up, he w


ced by he u
n,
nd
n
l
m being occ
ioned,
he w
 d iven o he ne
e hill;
nd he p
nic p e
d f om hence o
Ve ugo o he ohe de
chmen of he
my. When Poumiu, h
ving
wihd
wn hi men o
pl
ce of 
fey, ummoned
n
embly
nd
upb
ided hem wih hei f igh
nd fligh; wih h
ving been be
en by

mo cow
dly
nd d

dly enemy; he eni e
my hou
loud h

hey dee ved o he

ll hi,
nd
dmied he dig
ce hey h
d
incu ed; bu [hey p omied] h
 hey would m
e
mend,
nd h
 he
enemy' joy hould no be of long du
ion. Dem
nding h
 he would
in
nly le
d hem f om hence o he c
mp of he enemy, (hi l
y in
he pl
in wihin hei view,) hey ubmied o
ny punihmen, if hey
did no 
e i befo e nigh. H
ving p
ied hem, he o de  hem o

e ef ehmen,
nd o be in e
dine
 he fou h w
ch. And he
enemy, in o de o p even he fligh of he Rom
n f om he hill
h ough he o
d which led o Ve ugo, we e poed o mee hem;
nd he
b
le commenced befo e d
yligh, (bu he moon w
 up
ll he nigh,)

nd w
 no mo e confued h
n
b
le fough by d
y. Bu he hou
h
ving e
ched Ve ugo, when hey hough h
 he Rom
n c
mp w



ced, occ
ioned uch
p
nic, h
 in pie of he en e
ie of
miliu
nd hi effo  o op hem, hey fled o Tuculum in g e

dio de . F om hence
epo  w
 c
ied o Rome h
 "Poumiu
nd
hi
my we e cu o piece." When he d
wn of d
y h
d emoved
ll

pp ehenion of
n
mbuc
de in c
e of
h
y pu ui,
fe iding
h ough he
n, by dem
nding [he pe fo m
nce of] hei p omie he
infued uch
dou ino hem, h
 he u
n could no longe wih
nd
hei impeuoiy. Then he l
ughe of hem in hei fligh, uch


e pl
ce when m
e 
e conduced mo e unde he influence of

nge h
n of cou
ge, w
 coninued even o he o
l de ucion of
he enemy,
nd he mel
ncholy new f om Tuculum, he 
e h
ving been

l
med wihou c
ue, w
 followed by
lee f om Poumiu deced
wih l
u el, (
nnouncing) h
 "he vico y belonged o he Rom
n
people; h
 he
my of he u
n w
 de oyed."
29. A he p oceeding of he plebei
n  ibune h
d no ye

ined

e min
ion, boh he common exe ed hemelve o coninue hei
office fo he p omoe  of he l
w,
nd he p
 ici
n o e-elec he
opponen of he l
w; bu he common we e mo e ucceful in he
elecion of hei own m
gi
e. Which
nnoy
nce he p
 ici
n

venged by p
ing
dec ee of he en
e h
 conul hould be
eleced, m
gi
e deeed by he common. Afe
n ine v
l of
fifeen ye
, Luciu Luc eiu Fl
vu
nd e viu ulpiciu C
me inu
we e
ppoined conul. In he beginning of hi ye
, whil he
 ibune of he common unied hei effo  o p
 he l
w, bec
ue
none of hei college we e liely o oppoe hem,
nd he conul
eied hem wih no le ene gy, he u
n o m Vielli
,
Rom
n
colony in hei e io y. The chief p
 of he coloni m
de hei
w
y in 
fey o Rome, bec
ue he own, h
ving been 
en by  e
che y
in he nigh,
ffo ded
n unimpeded mode of ec
pe by he emoe ide of
he ciy. Th
 p ovince fell o he lo of Luciu Luc eiu he conul.
He h
ving e ou wih hi
my, v
nuihed he enemy in he field;
nd
eu ned vico iou o Rome o
much mo e e iou cone. A d
y of
 i
l h
d been
ppoined fo Aulu Vi giniu
nd Quinu Pomponiu,

plebei
n  ibune of he wo p eceding ye
, in whoe defence by he
combined powe of he p
 ici
n, he honou of he en
e w
 involved.
Fo no one l
id
g
in hem
ny ohe impe
chmen, eihe of hei mode
of life o of hei conduc in office, 
ve h
, o g
ify he
p
 ici
n, hey h
d p oeed
g
in he  ibunii
n l
w. The
eenmen of he common, howeve , p ev
iled ove he influence of he
en
e;
nd by
mo pe niciou p eceden hee men, hough innocen,
we e condemned [o p
y
fine of] en hou
nd _
e_ in weigh. A
hi he p
 ici
n we e ve y much incened. C
millu openly ch
ged he
common wih g o viol
ion of duy, "who, now u ning hei venom

g
in hei own body, did no feel h
 by hei iniuiou enence
on he  ibune hey
bolihed he igh of p oeing; h

bolihing
hi igh of p oeing, hey h
d upe he  ibunii
n
uho iy. Fo
hey we e mi
en in expecing h
 he p
 ici
n would ole
e he
unb idled licenioune of h
 office. If  ibunii
n violence could
no be epelled by  ibunii
n
id, h
 he p
 ici
n would find ou
ome ohe we
pon." The conul he
lo bl
med, bec
ue hey h
d in
ilence uffe ed hoe  ibune who h
d followed he
uho iy of he
en
e o be deceived by [hei eli
nce] on he public f
ih. By openly
exp eing hee enimen, he eve y d
y ill fu he ex
pe
ed he

ng y feeling of he people.

30. Bu he ce
ed no o u ge he en
e o oppoe he l
w; "h
 when
he d
y fo p opoing he l
w h
d
ived hey hould go down o he
fo um wih no ohe feeling h
n
 men who emembe ed h
 hey h
d o
conend fo hei
l

nd home,
nd he emple of he god,
nd he
oil in which hey h
d been bo n. Fo h

 f

 he himelf
individu
lly w
 conce ned, if du ing hi cone [o be u
ined] by
hi coun y i we e
llow
ble fo him o hin of hi own glo y, i
would even eflec honou on himelf, h

ciy c
pu ed by him hould
be denely inh
bied, h
 he would d
ily enjoy he monumen of hi
glo y,
nd h
 he would h
ve befo e hi eye
ciy bo ne by him in hi
 iumph, h

ll would  e
d in he fooep of hi enown. Bu h

he deemed i
n impiey h

ciy dee ed
nd fo 
en by he
immo 
l god hould be inh
bied; h
 he Rom
n people hould eide
in
c
pive oil,
nd h

v
nuihed hould be 
en in exch
nge fo

vico iou coun y." imul

ed by hee exho 
ion of hei le
de ,
he p
 ici
n, boh young
nd old, ene ed he fo um in
body, when
he l
w w

bou o be p opoed:
nd dipe ing hemelve h ough he
 ibe, e
ch e
nely
ppe
ling o he membe  of hei own  ibe,
beg
n o en e
 hem wih e
 "no o dee  h
 coun y fo which
hey hemelve
nd hei f
he  h
d fough mo v
li
nly
nd
uccefully," poining o he C
piol, he emple of Ve
,
nd he
ohe emple of he god
ound; "no o d ive he Rom
n people, exile

nd ouc
, f om hei n
ive oil
nd houehold god ino he ciy of
he enemy;
nd no o b ing m
e  o uch

e, h
 i w
 bee
h
 Veii we e no 
en, le Rome hould be dee ed." Bec
ue hey
p oceeded no by violence, bu by en e
ie,
nd in he mid of hee
en e
ie f euen menion w
 [m
de] of he god, he g e
e p

[of he people] we e influenced by eligiou c uple:
nd mo e  ibe
by one ejeced he l
w h
n voed fo i. And o g
ifying w
 hi
vico y o he p
 ici
n, h
 on he following d
y, on
moion m
de
by he conul,
dec ee of he en
e w
 p
ed, h
 even
c e

m
n of Veieni
n e io y hould be di ibued o he common;
nd no
only o he f
he  of f
milie, bu o h

ll pe on in hei houe
in

e of f eedom hould be conide ed,
nd h
 hey migh be
willing o e
up hei child en wih h
 p opec.
31. The common being won ove by uch
boon, no oppoiion w
 m
de o
holding he elecion fo conul. Luciu V
le iu Poiu,
nd M
cu

M
nliu, who
fe w
d ob
ined he u n
me of C
piolinu, we e
eleced conul. Thee conul celeb
ed he g e
 g
me which M
cu
Fu iu, when dic
o , h
d vowed in he Veieni
n w
. In he 
me ye

he emple of impe i
l Juno, vowed by he 
me dic
o
nd du ing he

me w
, i dedic
ed;
nd hey 
e h
 he dedic
ion w

ended
wih g e
 ze
l by he m
 on. A w
c
cely wo h menioning w

w
ged wih he u
n
 Algidum, he enemie 
ing o fligh
lmo
befo e hey commenced he figh. To V
le iu, bec
ue he w
 mo e
pe eve ing in l
ughe ing hem in hei fligh,
 iumph w
 g
ned;
i w
 dec eed h
 M
nliu hould ene he ciy wih
n ov
ion. The

me ye

new w
b oe ou wih he Volini
n; whihe
n
my could
no be led, on
ccoun of
f
mine
nd peilence in he Rom
n
e io ie, which
oe f om d ough
nd exceive he
; on
ccoun of
which he Volini
n fo ming
juncion wih he 
lpini
n, being
el
ed wih p ide, m
de
n unp ovoed incu ion ino he Rom
n
e io ie. W
w
 hen p ocl
imed
g
in he wo 
e. C
iu
Juliu died du ing hi ceno hip; M
cu Co neliu w
 ubiued in
hi oom;
p oceeding which w

fe w
d conide ed
 offenive o
eligion; bec
ue du ing h
 lu um Rome w
 
en. No ince h

ime h

ceno eve been ubiued in he oom of one dece
ed. And
he conul being eized by he diempe , i w
 dee mined h
 he

upice hould be 
en
new du ing
n ine egnum.
32. The efo e when in pu u
nce of
dec ee of he en
e he conul
eigned hei office, M
cu Fu iu C
millu i c e
ed ine ex, who

ppoined Publiu Co neliu cipio ine ex,

nd he
fe w
d Luciu
V
le iu Poiu. By him we e
ppoined ix mili
y  ibune wih
conul
powe ; o h
, hough
ny one of hem hould be incommoded by
b
d he
lh, he 
e migh h
ve
ufficien numbe of m
gi
e. On
he c
lend of July, he following ene ed on hei office, Luciu
Luc eiu, e viu ulpiciu, M
cu miliu, Luciu Fu iu Medullinu

evenh ime, Ag ipp

Fu iu, C
iu miliu
econd ime. Of hee,
Luciu Luc eiu
nd C
iu miliu go he Volini
n
 hei p ovince;
he 
lpini
n fell o he lo of Ag ipp
Fu iu
nd e viu ulpiciu.
The fi  eng
gemen w
 wih he Volini
n. The w
, impo 
n f om
he numbe of he enemy, w
 wihou difficuly b ough o
cloe. A
he fi  one, hei
my w
 pu o fligh. Eigh hou
nd oldie ,
hemmed in by he c
v
l y, l
id down hei
m
nd u ende ed. The

ccoun eceived of h
 w
h
d he effec of p evening he 
lpini
n
f om h
z
ding
n eng
gemen; he  oop ecu ed hemelve wihin hei
own. The Rom
n d ove poil in eve y di ecion, boh f om he

lpini
n
nd Volini
n e io y, he e being no one o epel h


gg eion; unil
 uce fo weny ye
 w
 g
ned o he
Volini
n, exh
ued by he w
, on hi condiion, h
 hey hould
m
e eiuion o he Rom
n people,
nd fu nih he p
y of he
my
fo h
 ye
. Du ing he 
me ye
, M
cu Cdiciu,
plebei
n,

nnounced o he  ibune h

 in he New  ee, whe e he ch
pel now

nd,
bove he emple of Ve
, he h
d he
d in he ilence of he
nigh
voice loude h
n h
 of
hum
n being, which o de ed he
m
gi
e o be old, h
 he G
ul we e
pp o
ching. Thi,
 i
uu
l, w
 di eg
ded, on
ccoun of he humble 
ion of he
uho ,

nd
lo bec
ue he n
ion w

emoe one,
nd he efo e he le
nown. And no only we e he w
ning of he god di eg
ded, f
e now
impending; bu fu he , he only hum
n
id which w
 lef hem, M
cu
Fu iu, hey d ove
w
y f om he ciy; who, on
d
y [of  i
l] being

ppoined fo him by Luciu Appuleiu,

 ibune of he people, in
efe ence o he Veieni
n poil, he h
ving
lo lo hi on,
young
m
n,
bou he 
me ime, when he ummoned o hi houe he membe  of
hi  ibe
nd hi dependen, (hey coniued
conide
ble po ion
of he common,)
nd h
ving ounded hei enimen, he eceived fo


nwe , "h
 hey would con ibue wh
eve fine he hould be condemned
o p
y; h
 o
cui him hey we e un
ble,"[168] ei ed ino exile;

fe p
ying o he immo 
l god, "h
 if h
 ou
ge w
 done o
him wihou hi dee ving i, hey would
 he e
lie oppo uniy
give c
ue o hi ung
eful coun y o eg e hi
bence." In hi

bence he w
 fined fifeen hou
nd _
e_ in weigh.
[Foonoe 168: Niebuh
nd A nold unde 
nd hee wo d o ignify,
h
 hee pe on h
d
l e
dy m
de up hei mind no o
cui him, o

i him by voing in f
vou of him--in f
c, h
 hey could no
concieniouly do o. I m
y, howeve , ignify imply, h
 he people
we e o incened
g
in him, h
 he e exied no

ion
l p opec
of
cui
l fo him.]
33. Th
 ciizen being d iven
w
y, who being p een, Rome could no be
c
pu ed, if
ny hing i ce 
in eg
ding hum
n
ff
i ; he deined
uin now
pp o
ching he ciy,
mb

do  c
me f om he Cluini
n,
oliciing
id
g
in he G
ul. A epo  i cu en h
 h
 n
ion,

llu ed by he delighfulne of he c op,

nd mo e epeci
lly of he
wine,
n enjoymen hen new o hem, c oed he Alp,
nd oo
poeion of he l
nd fo me ly culiv
ed by he E u i
n;
nd h

A un,
n
ive of Cluium, in oduced wine ino G
ul fo he pu poe of
enicing he n
ion, h ough eenmen fo hi wife' h
ving been
deb
uched by Lucumo, whoe gu
di
n he himelf h
d been,
ve y
influeni
l young m
n,
nd on whom venge
nce could no be 
en, unle
fo eign
id we e eo ed o; h
 hi pe on e ved

guide o hem
when c oing he Alp,
nd
dvied hem o l
y iege o Cluium. I
would no indeed deny h
 he G
ul we e b ough o Cluium by A un o

ny ohe n
ive of Cluium; bu h
 hoe pe on who l
id iege o
Cluium we e no hey who fi  c oed he Alp, i ufficienly
ce 
in. Fo wo hund ed ye
 befo e hey l
id iege o Cluium
nd
c
pu ed he ciy of Rome, he G
ul p
ed ove ino I
ly. No we e
hee he fi  of he E u i
n wih whom he G
ul fough, bu long
befo e h
 hey f euenly fough wih hoe who dwel beween he
Apennine
nd he Alp. Befo e he Rom
n empi e he w
y of he Tuc
n
w
 much exended by l
nd
nd by e
; how ve y powe ful hey we e in
he uppe
nd lowe e
, by which I
ly i encomp
ed lie
n il
nd,
he n
me [of hee e
] i
p oof; he one of which he I
li
n
n
ion h
ve c
lled he Tuc
n e
, he gene
l
ppell
ion of he
people; he ohe he H
d i
ic, f om H
d i
,
colony of Tuc
n. The
G ee c
ll hee 
me e
 he Ty heni
n
nd H
d i
ic. Thi people
inh
bied he coun y exending o boh e
 in welve ciie, colonie
eu
l in numbe o he mohe ciie h
ving been en, fi  on hi
ide he Apennine ow
d he lowe e
,
fe w
d o he ohe ide
of he Apennine; who ob
ined poeion of
ll he di ic beyond he
Po, even
 f

 he Alp, excep he co ne of he Venei
n, who
dwell ound he ex eme poin of he [H
d i
ic] e
. The Alpine n
ion

lo h
ve hi o igin, mo e epeci
lly he Rhi
n; whom hei ve y
iu
ion h
 ende ed 
v
ge, o
 o e
in nohing of hei
o igin
l, excep he
ccen of hei l
ngu
ge,
nd no even h
 wihou
co upion.
34. Conce ning he p

ge of he G
ul ino I
ly we h
ve he
d

follow. In he eign of T
uiniu P icu
 Rome, he up eme
gove nmen of he Cel, who compoe he hi d p
 of G
ul, w
 in he
h
nd of he Biu igi
n: hey g
ve
ing o he Celic n
ion. Thi
w
 Ambig
u, one ve y much diinguihed by hi me i,
nd boh hi
g e
 p ope iy in hi own conce n
nd in hoe of he public; fo
unde hi
dmini
ion G
ul w
 o f uiful
nd o well peopled, h

o ve y g e

popul
ion
ppe
ed c
cely c
p
ble of being e
ined

by
ny gove nmen. He being now
dv
nced in ye
,
nd
nxiou o
elieve hi ingdom of o opp eive
c owd, decl
e hi inenion o
end hi ie ' on, Belloveu
nd igoveu, wo ene p iing
youh, ino wh
eve elemen he god hould g
n hem by
ugu y:
h
 hey hould 
e ou wih hem
 g e

numbe of men
 hey
ple
ed, o h
 no n
ion migh be
ble o ob uc hem in hei
p og e. Then o igoveu he He cyni
n fo e w

igned by he
o
cle: o Belloveu he god m
ed ou
much mo e chee ing oue
ino I
ly. He c
ied ou wih him f om he Biu igi
n, he
A ve ni
n, he enoni
n, he du
n, he Amb
i
n, he C
nui
n,

nd he Aule ci
n,
ll h
 w
 upe fluou in hei popul
ion. H
ving
e ou wih
n immene fo ce of ho e
nd foo, he
ived in he
coun y of he T ic
ini
n. Nex he Alp we e oppoed [o hei
p og e],
nd I
m no u p ied h
 hey hould eem imp

ble,

hey h
d neve been climbed ove h ough
ny p
h
 ye,
 f


le

 
diion c
n exend, unle we
e dipoed o believe he
o ie eg
ding He cule. When he heigh of he moun
in ep he
G
ul he e penned up
 i we e,
nd hey we e looing
ound [o
dicove ] by wh
 p
h hey migh p
 ino
nohe wo ld beween he
ummi, which joined he y,
eligiou c uple de
ined hem, i
h
ving been
nnounced o hem h
 
nge  in e
ch of l
nd we e


ced by he n
ion of he 
ly
n. Thee we e he M
ili
n, who
h
d come by e
f om Phoc
. The G
ul conide ing hi
n omen of hei
own fo une,
ied hem in fo ifying he g ound which hey h
d 
en
poeion of on hei fi  l
nding, cove ed wih p
ciou wood. They
hemelve c oed he Alp h ough he T
u ini
n
nd p
hle fo e;

nd h
ving defe
ed he E u i
n no f
f om he Ticinu, on he
ing
h
 he l
nd in which hey h
d poed hemelve w
 c
lled Inub i
,
he 
me n
me
 he Inub e,
c
non of he dui: emb
cing he omen
of he pl
ce, hey buil
ciy he e,
nd c
lled i Mediol
num.
35. ome ime
fe
nohe body, coniing of Cenom
ni
n, h
ving
followed he 
c of he fo me unde he conduc of Elioviu,
c oed he Alp h ough he 
me fo e, wih he
id of Belloveu,

nd ele hemelve whe e he ciie of B ixi

nd Ve on
now 
nd
(he Libu
n hen poeed hee pl
ce). Afe hee c
me he

lluvi
n, who fix hemelve ne
he
ncien c
non of he Ligu i
n
c
lled Lvi, inh
biing he b
n of he Ticinu. Nex he Boi
n
nd
Lingoni
n, h
ving m
de hei w
y ove h ough he Penine p
,
ll he

c beween he Po
nd he Alp being occupied, c oed he Po on

f,
nd d ove ou of he coun y no only he E u i
n, bu he
Umb i
n
lo: hey confined hemelve howeve wihin he Apennine.
Then he enoni
n, he l
e of hee emig
n, oo poeion of
he 
c [exending] f om he Uen o he i. I find h
 i w

hi n
ion h
 c
me o Cluium,
nd hence o Rome; whehe
lone, o

ided by
ll he n
ion of he Ci
lpine G
ul, i no duly

ce 
ined. The Clui
n, e ified
 hei 
nge enemy, on
beholding hei g e
 numbe , he fo m of he men uch
 hey h
d
neve een,
nd he ind of
m [hey c
ied],
nd on he
ing h

he  oop of he E u i
n h
d been f euenly defe
ed by hem on boh
ide of he Po, en
mb

do  o Rome o olici
id f om he
en
e, hough hey h
d no cl
im on he Rom
n people, in epec eihe
of
lli
nce o f iendhip, excep h
 hey h
d no defended hei
el
ion he Veieni
n
g
in he Rom
n people. No
id w
 ob
ined:
h ee
mb

do  we e en, on of M
cu F
biu Ambuu, o  e

wih he G
ul in he n
me of he en
e
nd Rom
n people; h
 hey
hould no

c he
llie
nd f iend of he Rom
n people f om whom
hey h
d eceived no w ong. Th
 hey hould be uppo ed by he Rom
n
even by fo ce of
m, if ci cum
nce obliged hem; bu i eemed
bee h
 w
ielf hould be ep
loof, if poible;
nd h
 he

G
ul,
n
ion 
nge  o hem, hould be nown by pe
ce,
he h
n
by
m.
36. The emb
y w

mild one, h
d i no been conigned o
mb

do 
oo ho in empe ,
nd who eembled G
ul mo e h
n Rom
n. To whom,

fe hey delive ed hei commiion in he

embly of he G
ul, he
following
nwe i eu ned: Though he n
me of he Rom
n w
 new o
hei e
, ye hey believed hem o be b
ve men, whoe
id w

implo ed by he Clui
n in hei pe ilou conjuncu e. And ince hey
choe o defend hei
llie
g
in hem by negoci
ion
he h
n by

m, h
 hey on hei p
 would no ejec he p
cific e m which
hey p opoe, if he Clui
n would give up o he G
ul in w
n of
l
nd,
po ion of hei e io ie which hey poeed o
g e
e
exen h
n hey could culiv
e; ohe wie pe
ce could no be ob
ined:
h
 hey wihed o eceive
n
nwe in p eence of he Rom
n;
nd if
he l
nd we e efued hem, h
 hey would decide he m
e wih he
wo d in p eence of he 
me Rom
n; h
 hey migh h
ve
n
oppo uniy of c
ying home
n
ccoun how much he G
ul excelled
ll
ohe mo 
l in b
ve y. On he Rom
n
ing wh
 igh hey h
d o
dem
nd l
nd f om he poeo , o o h e
en w
[in c
e of
efu
l],
nd wh
 buine he G
ul h
d in E u i
,
nd on hei
fie cely eplying, h
 hey c
ied hei igh in hei wo d, h


ll hing we e he p ope y of he b

ve, wih mind infl
med on boh
ide hey eve
lly h
ve ecou e o
m,
nd he b
le i commenced.
He e, f
e now p eing h
d on he Rom
n ciy, he
mb

do ,
con
y o he l
w of n
ion, 
e up
m; no could hi be done in
ec e,
 h ee of he noble
nd b
ve of he Rom
n youh fough in
he v
n of he E u i
n; o conpicuou w
 he v
lou of he
fo eigne . Mo eove Quinu F
biu, iding ou beyond he line, lew

gene
l of he G
ul who w
 fu iouly ch
ging he ve y 
nd
d of
he E u i
n, h
ving un him h ough he ide wih hi pe
:
nd he
G
ul ecognied him when  ipping him of hi poil;
nd
ign
l w

given h oughou he eni e line h
 he w

Rom
n
mb

do . Giving
up he efo e hei eenmen
g
in he Clui
n, hey ound

e e
, h e
ening he Rom
n. ome g
ve i
 hei opinion h
 hey
hould p oceed fo hwih o Rome. The enio  p ev
iled, h


mb

do  hould be en o compl
in of he inju ie done hem,
nd o
dem
nd h
 he F
bii hould be given up o hem in 
if
cion fo
h
ving viol
ed he l
w of n
ion. When he
mb

do  h
d 
ed
m
e ,
cco ding o he in ucion given o hem, he conduc of he
F
bii w
 neihe
pp oved by he en
e,
nd he b
b
i
n eemed o
hem o dem
nd wh
 w
 ju: bu in he c
e of men of uch 
ion
p
y f
vou p evened hem f om dec eeing h
 which hey fel o be
igh. Whe efo e le he bl
me of
ny mifo une, which migh h
ppen o
be eceived in
w
wih he G
ul, hould lie wih hem, hey efe
he conide
ion of he dem
nd of he G
ul o he people, whe e
influence
nd we
lh we e o p edomin
n, h
 hoe pe on, whoe
punihmen w
 unde conide
ion, we e eleced mili
y  ibune wih
conul
powe fo he enuing ye
. A which p oceeding he G
ul being
en
ged,
 w
 ve y n
u
l, openly men
cing w
, eu n o hei own
p
y. Wih he h ee F
bii he mili
y  ibune eleced we e Quinu
ulpiciu Longu, Quinu e viliu
fou h ime, e viu Co neliu
M
lugineni.
37. Though d
nge of uch m
gniude w
 impending (o compleely doe
Fo une blind he mind of men when he wihe no he h e
ening
 oe o be foiled)

e, which
g
in he Fiden
i
n
nd Veieni
n
enemie,
nd ohe neighbou ing 
e, h
d ecou e o
id even f om
he mo ex eme u
e ,
nd h
d
ppoined
dic
o on m
ny  ying
occ
ion, h
 
me 
e now, when
n enemy, neve befo e een o

he
d of, f om he oce
n
nd emoe egion of he e
h, w


dv
ncing in
m
g
in hem, looed no fo
ny ex
o din
y comm
nd
o
id. T ibune, by whoe eme iy he w
h
d been b ough on hem,
we e
ppoined o he chief di ecion of
ff
i ,
nd even m
ing le
of he w
h
n f
me h
d ep eened i, held he levy wih no g e
e
diligence h
n ued o be exe cied fo o din
y w
. In he me
n while
he G
ul, on he
ing h
 honou w
 even confe ed on he viol
o  of
hum
n l
w,
nd h
 hei emb
y w
 lighed, infl
med wih
eenmen, ove which h
 n
ion h
 no con ol, immedi
ely n
ched
up hei 
nd
d,
nd ene on hei m
ch wih he umo expediion.
When he ciie,
l
med
 he umul occ
ioned by hem
 hey p
ed
p ecipi
ely
long, beg
n o un o
m,
nd he pe

n oo o
fligh, hey indic
ed by
loud hou h
 hey we e p oceeding o
Rome, 
ing up
n immene p
ce of g ound, whe eve hey p
ed, wih
hei ho e
nd men, hei  oop p e
ding widely in eve y di ecion.
Bu f
me
nd he meenge  of he Clui
n,
nd hen of he ohe

e one
fe
nohe , p eceding hem, he
pid
dv
nce of he enemy
b ough he g e
e cone n
ion o Rome; fo , wih hei umulu
y
 oop h
ily led on, hey me hem wihin he di
nce of he elevenh
mile-one, whe e he ive Alli
, decending f om he C uumini
n
moun
in in
ve y deep ch
nnel, join he ive Tibe no f
below
he o
d. Al e
dy
ll pl
ce in f on
nd on e
ch ide we e c owded wih
he enemy,
nd hi n
ion, which h

n
u
l u n fo c
uele
confuion, by hei h
h muic
nd dico d
n cl
mou , filled
ll
pl
ce wih
ho ible din.
38. The e he mili
y  ibune, wihou h
ving p eviouly eleced

pl
ce fo hei c
mp, wihou h
ving p eviouly
ied

mp
 o
which hey migh h
ve
e e
, unmindful of hei duy o he god, o

y nohing of h
 o m
n, wihou 
ing
upice o offe ing

c ifice, d
w up hei line, which w
 exended ow
d he fl
n,
le hey hould be u ounded by he g e
 numbe  of he enemy. ill
hei f on could no be m
de eu
l o h
 of he enemy, hough by
hinning hei line hey ende ed hei cen e we

nd c
cely
conneced. The e w
 on he igh
m
ll eminence, which i w

dee mined o fill wih bodie of ee ve;
nd h
 ci cum
nce,
 i
w
 he fi  c
ue of hei dim
y
nd fligh, o i p oved hei only
me
n of 
fey in hei fligh. Fo B ennu, he chief
in of he
G
ul, being chiefly
pp ehenive of ome deign[169] being inended in
he m
ll numbe of he enemy, hining h
 he high g ound h
d been
eized fo hi pu poe, h
, when he G
ul h
d been eng
ged in f on
wih he line of he legion, he ee ve w
 o m
e
n

c on hei
e

nd fl
n, di eced hi  oop
g
in he ee ve; ce 
in, h

if he h
d dilodged hem f om hei g ound, he vico y would be e
y in
he pl
in fo
fo ce which h
d o much he
dv
n
ge in poin of
numbe : hu no only fo une, bu judgmen
lo ood on he ide of
he b
b
i
n. In he oppoie
my he e
ppe
ed nohing lie Rom
n,
eihe in he comm
nde , o in he oldie . Te o
nd dim
y h
d

en poeion of hei mind,
nd uch
fo gefulne of eve y
hing, h

f
g e
e numbe of hem fled o Veii,
ciy of hei
enemy, hough he Tibe ood in hei w
y, h
n by he di ec o
d o
Rome, o hei wive
nd child en. Thei iu
ion defended he ee ve
fo ome ime; h oughou he em
inde of he line
 oon
 he hou
w
 he
d, by hoe who ood ne
e on hei fl
n,
nd by hoe


di
nce on hei e
,
lmo befo e hey could loo
 he enemy

ye un ied, no only wihou
emping o figh, bu wihou even
eu ning he hou, f eh
nd unhu  hey oo o fligh. No w
 he e

ny l
ughe of hem in he
c of fighing; bu hei e
w
 cu o
piece, whil hey ob uced hei fligh by hei  uggling one wih

nohe . G e
 l
ughe w
 m
de on he b
n of he Tibe , whihe he

eni e lef wing, h

ving h own down hei
m, di eced hei fligh;

nd m
ny who did no now how o wim, o we e exh
ued, being weighed
down by hei co
 of m
il
nd ohe defenive
mou , we e w
llowed
up in he cu en. The g e
e p
 howeve ec
ped 
fe o Veii;
whence no only no einfo cemen, bu no even
n
ccoun of hei
defe
, w
 fo w
ded o Rome. Thoe on he igh wing which h
d been
poed

di
nce f om he ive ,
nd
he ne
he foo of he
moun
in,
ll m
de fo Rome,
nd, wihou even huing he g
e, fled
ino he ci
del.
[Foonoe 169: In my 
nl
ion of hi p

ge I h
ve diffe ed f om
B
e , who hu ende : "hining, h

 hi enemie we e few in
numbe , hei ill w
 wh
 he h
d chiefly o gu
d
g
in." Du e
u De
L
m
lle hu 
nl
e: "uppo
n de l
ue
ux ennemi,

ion de
leu pei nomb e." Thi i obviouly he co ec ve ion.]
39. The mi
culou

inmen of o udden
vico y held even he G
ul
in

e of upef
cion. And
 fi  hey ood moionle wih
p
nic,
 if no nowing wh
 h
d h
ppened; hen hey
pp ehended



gem;
 lengh hey beg
n o collec he poil of he l
in,
nd
o pile up he
m in he
p,
 i hei cuom. Then,
 lengh, when
no
ppe

nce of
ny hing hoile w

ny whe e obe ved, h
ving
p oceeded on hei jou ney, hey e
ch he ciy of Rome no long befo e
un-e: whe e when ome ho emen, who h
d
dv
nced befo e, b ough b
c
wo d h
 he g
e we e no hu, h
 no gu
d w
 poed befo e he
g
e, no
med  oop on he w
ll,
nohe c
ue of
m
zemen imil

o he fo me m
de hem h
l;
nd d e
ding he nigh
nd igno
nce of
he iu
ion of he ciy, hey poed hemelve beween Rome
nd he
Anio,
fe ending cou
bou he w
ll
nd he eve
l g
e o

ce 
in wh
 pl
n he enemy would
dop in hei depe
e
ci cum
nce. Wih epec o he Rom
n,
 he g e
e p
 h
d gone
o Veii f om he field of b
le,
nd no one uppoed h

ny u vived
excep hoe who h
d fled b
c o Rome, being
ll l
mened
 lo, boh
hoe living
nd hoe de
d, hey c
ued he eni e ciy o be filled
wih w
iling. The
l
m fo he public ine e ifled p iv
e o ow,

 oon
 i w

nnounced h
 he enemy we e
 h
nd. P eenly he
b
b
i
n p
 olling
ound he w
ll in  oop, hey he
d hei yell

nd he dion
n cl
ngou of hei
m. All he ine v
l up o he
nex d
y ep hei mind in uch

e of upene, h

n

ul
eemed eve y momen
bou o be m
de on he ciy: on hei fi 

pp o
ch, when hey
ived
 he ciy, [i w
 expeced;] fo if hi
we e no hei deign, h
 hey would h
ve em
ined
 he Alli
; hen
ow
d une, bec
ue he e w
 no much of he d
y em
ining, hey
im
gined h
 hey would

c hem befo e nigh; hen h
 he deign
w
 defe ed unil nigh, in o de o  ie he g e
e e o . A
lengh he
pp o
ch of ligh  uc hem wih dim
y;
nd he c
l
miy
ielf followed cloely upon hei coninued
pp ehenion of i, when
he  oop ene ed he g
e in hoile

y. Du ing h
 nigh,
howeve ,
nd he following d
y, he 
e by no me
n bo e
ny
eembl
nce o h
 which which h
d fled in o d

dly
m
nne
 he
Alli
. Fo
 he e w
 no
hope h
 he ciy could be defended, o
m
ll
numbe of  oop now em
ining, i w
 dee mined h
 he
youh fi fo mili
y e vice,
nd he
ble p
 of he en
e wih
hei wive
nd child en, hould ei e ino he ci
del
nd C
piol;

nd h
ving colleced o e of
m
nd co n,
nd hence f om

fo ified po, h
 hey hould defend he deiie,
nd he
inh
bi
n,
nd he Rom
n n
me: h
 he fl
men [Qui in
li]
nd he
ve
l p ieee hould c
y
w
y f
f om l
ughe
nd
confl
g
ion he objec
ppe 
ining o he eligion of he 
e:
nd
h
 hei wo hip hould no be ine mied, unil he e em
ined no

one who hould coninue i. If he ci

del
nd C
piol, he m
nion of
he god, if he en
e, he ou ce of public counel, if he youh of
mili
y
ge, hould u vive he impending uin of he ciy, he lo
would be ligh of he
ged, he c owd lef behind in he ciy,
nd who
we e u e o pe ih[170] unde
ny ci cum
nce. And in o de h
 he
plebei
n po ion of he muliude migh be
he hing wih g e
e
eign
ion, he
ged men, who h
d enjoyed  iumph
nd conulhip,
openly decl
ed h
 hey would die
long wih hem,
nd h
 hey would
no bu den he c
ny o e of he
med men wih hoe bodie, wih
which hey we e now un
ble o be

m, o o defend hei coun y.
uch w
 he conol
ion
dd eed o e
ch ohe by he
ged now
deined o de
h.
[Foonoe 170: The
ged we e doomed o pe ih unde
ny ci cum
nce,
(_uiue_,) f om c
ciy of p oviion, whehe hey ei ed ino he
C
piol wih he mili
y youh, o we e lef behind in he ciy.]
40. Thei exho 
ion we e hen u ned o he b
nd of young men, whom
hey eco ed o he C
piol
nd ci
del, commending o hei v
lou
nd
youh wh
eve migh be he em
ining fo une of
ciy, which fo h ee
hund ed
nd ixy ye
 h
d been vico iou in
ll i w
. When hoe
who c
ied wih hem
ll hei hope
nd eou ce, p
ed wih he
ohe , who h
d dee mined no o u vive he uin of hei c
pu ed
ciy; boh he ci cum
nce ielf
nd he
ppe

nce [i exhibied] w

e
lly di eing,
nd
lo he weeping of he women,
nd hei
undecided unning ogehe , following now hee, now hoe,
nd
ing
hei hub
nd
nd child en wh
 w
 o become of hem, [
ll ogehe ]
lef nohing h
 could be
dded o hum
n mie y. A g e
 m
ny of hem,
howeve , eco ed hei f iend ino he ci
del, no one eihe
p evening o inviing hem; bec
ue he me
u e which w

dv
n
geou
o he beieged, h
 of educing he numbe of uele pe on, w
 bu
lile in
cco d
nce wih hum
niy. The e of he c owd, chiefly
plebei
n, whom o m
ll
hill could no con
in, no could hey be
uppo ed
mid uch
c
ciy of co n, pou ing ou of he ciy
 if in
one coninued 
in, ep
i ed o he J
niculum. F om hence ome we e
dipe ed h ough he coun y, ome m
de fo he neighbou ing ciie,
wihou
ny le
de o conce , following e
ch hi own hope, hi own
pl
n, hoe of he public being given up
 lo. In he me
n ime he
Fl
men Qui in
li
nd he ve
l vi gin, l
ying
ide
ll conce n fo
hei own
ff
i , conuling which of he 
c ed depoi hould be
c
ied wih hem, which hould be lef behind, fo hey h
d no
 engh o c
y hem
ll, o wh
 pl
ce would be p ee ve hem in

fe cuody, conide i be o pu hem ino c

nd o bu y hem
in he ch
pel
djoining o he eidence of he Fl
men Qui in
li, whe e
now i i p of
ne o pi ou. The e hey c
y
w
y wih hem,
fe
dividing he bu den
mong hemelve, by he o
d which le
d by he
ublici
n b idge o he J
niculum. When Luciu Albiniu,
Rom
n
plebei
n, who w
 conveying hi wife
nd child en in
w
ggon, beheld
hem on h

cen
mong he e of he c owd which w
 le
ving he
ciy
 unfi o c
y
m; even hen he diincion of hing divine

nd hum
n being p ee ved, conide ing i
n ou
ge on eligion, h

he public p ie
nd 
c ed uenil of he Rom
n people hould go on
foo
nd be c
ied, h
 he
nd hi f
mily hould be een in

c
i
ge, he comm
nded hi wife
nd child en o
ligh, pl
ced he
vi gin
nd 
c ed uenil in he vehicle,
nd c
ied hem on o C e,
whihe he p ie h
d inended o go.
41. Me
nwhile
 Rome
ll

ngemen being now m
de,
 f

 w

poible in uch
n eme gency, fo he defence of he ci
del, he c owd
of
ged pe on h
ving eu ned o hei houe,
w
ied he enemy'

coming wih mind fi mly p ep

ed fo de
h. uch of hem
 h
d bo ne
cu ule office, in o de h
 hey m
y die in he inigni
of hei
fo me 
ion, honou ,
nd me i,

ying hemelve in he mo
m
gnificen g
men wo n by hoe d
wing he ch
io of he god in
p oceion, o by pe on iding in  iumph, e
ed hemelve in hei
ivo y ch
i , in he middle of hei h
ll. ome 
y h
 hey devoed
hemelve fo hei coun y
nd he ciizen of Rome, M
cu F
biu,
he chief poniff, dic
ing he fo m of wo d. The G
ul, boh bec
ue
by he ine venion of he nigh hey h
d
b
ed
ll
ng y feeling

iing f om he i i
ion of b
le,
nd bec
ue hey h
d on no
occ
ion fough
well-dipued figh,
nd we e hen no 
ing he ciy
by o m o violence, ene ing he ciy he nex d
y, f ee f om
eenmen o he
 of p
ion, h ough he Colline g
e which l
y open,

dv
nce ino he fo um, c
ing hei eye
ound on he emple of he
god,
nd on he ci
del, which
lone exhibied
ny
ppe

nce of w
.
F om hence,
fe le
ving
m
ll gu
d, le
ny

c hould be m
de
on hem whil c
e ed, f om he ci
del o C
piol, hey dipe ed in
ue of plunde ; he  ee being eni ely deol
e, uh ome of hem
in
body ino he houe h
 we e ne
e; ome ep
i o hoe which
we e mo di
n, conide ing hee o be unouched
nd
bounding wih
poil. Afe w
d being e ified by he ve y oliude, le
ny


gem of he enemy hould u p ie hem whil being dipe ed, hey
eu ned in bodie ino he fo um
nd he p

djoining o he fo um,
whe e he houe of he common being hu,
nd he h
ll of he le
ding
men lying open,
lmo g e
e b
cw
dne w
 fel o

c he open
h
n he hu houe; o compleely did hey behold wih
o  of
vene
ion men iing in he po che of he p
l
ce, who beide hei
o n
men
nd
pp
el mo e
ugu h
n hum
n, bo e
 iing
eembl
nce o god, in he m
jey which hei loo
nd he g
viy of
hei counen
nce dipl
yed. Whil hey ood g
zing on hee
 on

ue, i i 
id h
 M
cu P
pi iu, one of hem, oued he
nge
of
G
ul by  iing him on he he
d wih hi ivo y, while he w

 oing hi be
d, which w
 hen unive 
lly wo n long;
nd h
 he
commencemen of he bloodhed beg
n wih him, h
 he e we e l
in
in hei e
. Afe he l
ughe of he noble, no pe on wh
eve
w
 p
ed; he houe we e plunde ed,
nd when empied we e e on
fi e.
42. Bu whehe i w
 h

ll we e no poeed wih
dei e of
de oying he ciy, o i h
d been o dee mined by he le
ding men of
he G
ul, boh h
 ome fi e hould be p eened o hei view, [o
ee] if he beieged could be fo ced ino
u ende h ough
ffecion
fo hei dwelling,
nd h

ll he houe hould no be bu ned down,
o h
 wh
eve po ion hould em
in of he ciy, hey migh hold


pledge o wo  upon he mind of he enemy; he fi e by no me

n
p e
d eihe indic imin
ely o exenively on he fi  d
y,
 i
uu
l in
c
pu ed ciy. The Rom
n beholding f om he ci
del he ciy
filled wih he enemy,
nd hei unning o
nd f o h ough
ll he
 ee, ome new c
l
miy p eening ielf in eve y diffe en u
e ,
we e neihe
ble o p ee ve hei p eence of mind, no even o h
ve
pe fec comm
nd of hei e

nd eye. To wh
eve di ecion he hou
of he enemy, he c ie of women
nd child en, he c
cling of he
fl
me,
nd he c
h of f
lling houe, h
d c
lled hei
enion,
hihe , e ified
 eve y inciden, hey u ned hei hough, f
ce,

nd eye,
 if pl
ced by fo une o be pec
o  of hei f
lling
coun y,
nd
 if lef
 p oeco  of no ohe of hei effec,
excep hei own pe on: o much mo e o be commie
ed h
n
ny
ohe  who we e eve beieged, bec
ue, hu ou f om hei coun y,
hey we e beieged, beholding
ll hei effec in he powe of he
enemy. No w
 he nigh, which ucceeded o hocingly pen
d
y,

mo e 
nuil; d
yligh hen followed
ele nigh; no w
 he e

ny ime which f
iled o p oduce he igh of ome new di
e . Lo
ded

nd ove whelmed by o m
ny evil, hey did no

ll
b
e hei
dee min
ion, [ eolved,] hough hey hould ee eve y hing in fl
me

nd levelled o he du, o defend by hei b

ve y he hill which hey
occupied, m
ll
nd ill p ovided
 i w
, being lef [

efuge] fo
libe y. And now,
 he 
me even ecu ed eve y d
y,
 if
h
biu
ed o mifo une, hey
b
ced hei hough f om
ll
feeling of hei ci cum
nce, eg
ding hei
m only,
nd he
wo d in hei igh h
nd,
 he ole emn
n of hei hope.
43. The G
ul
lo,
fe h
ving fo eve
l d
y w
ged
n ineffecu
l
w

g
in he building of he ciy, when hey 
w h

mong he
fi e
nd uin of he c
pu ed ciy nohing now em
ined excep
med
enemie, neihe e ified by o m
ny di
e , no liely o u n
hei hough o
u ende , unle fo ce we e employed, dee mine o
h
ve ecou e o ex emiie,
nd o m
e
n

c on he ci
del. A
ign
l being given
 b e
 of d
y, hei eni e muliude i m
h
lled
in he fo um; hence,
fe
iing he hou
nd fo ming
eudo,
hey
dv
nce o he

c. Ag
in whom he Rom
n,
cing neihe

hly no p ecipi
ely, h
ving  enghened he gu
d
 eve y

pp o
ch,
nd oppoing he m
in  engh of hei men in h
 u
e
whe e hey 
w he b

lion
dv
ncing, uffe he enemy o
cend,
judging h
 he highe hey
cended, he mo e e
ily would hey be
d iven b
c down he eep. Abou he middle of he
cen hey me
hem:
nd m
ing
ch
ge hence f om he highe g ound, which of ielf
bo e hem
g
in he enemy, hey oued he G
ul wih l
ughe
nd
de ucion, o h
 neve
fe , eihe in p
ie o wih hei whole
fo ce, did hey  y h
 ind of fighing. L
ying
ide
ll hope of
ucceeding by fo ce of
m, hey p ep
e fo
bloc
de; of which
h
ving h
d no ide
up o h
 ime, hey h
d, whil bu ning he ciy,
de oyed wh
eve co n h
d been he ein,
nd du ing hoe ve y d
y
ll
he p oviion h
d been c
ied off f om he l
nd o Veii. Acco dingly,
dividing hei
my, hey eolved h
 one p
 hould plunde h ough
he neighbou ing 
e, h
 he ohe p
 hould c
y on he iege
of he ci
del, o h
 he
v
ge  of he coun y migh upply he
beiege  wih co n.
44. The G
ul, who m
ched f om he ciy, we e led by fo une he elf,
o m
e  i
l of Rom
n v
lou , o A de
, whe e C
millu w
 in exile:
who, mo e di eed by he fo une of he public h
n hi own, whil
he now pined
w
y

igning god
nd men, fi ed wih indign
ion,
nd
wonde ing whe e we e now hoe men who wih him h
d 
en Veii
nd
F
le ii, who h
d conduced ohe w

he by hei own v
lou h
n by
he f
vou of fo une, he
 on
udden h
 he
my of he G
ul w


pp o
ching,
nd h
 he people of A de
in cone n
ion we e me in
council on he ubjec. And
 if moved by divine inpi
ion,
fe he

dv
nced ino he mid of he
embly, h
ving hihe o been
ccuomed
o
ben himelf f om uch meeing, he 
y, "People of A de
, my
f iend of old, of l
e my fellow-ciizen
lo, ince you indne o
o de ed i,
nd my good fo une
chieved i, le no one of you uppoe
h
 I h
ve come fo w
d he e fo geful of my condiion; bu he
[p een] c
e
nd he common d
nge oblige eve y one o con ibue o
he common good wh
eve e vice he c
n in ou p een
l
ming
iu
ion. And when h
ll I ep
y you fo you o ve y impo 
n
e vice o me, if I now be emi? o whe e will you de ive benefi
f om me, if no in w
? By hi
ccomplihmen I m
in
ined my
n in
my n
ive coun y:
nd, unconue ed in w
, I w
 b
nihed du ing pe
ce
by my ung
eful fellow-ciizen. To you, men of A de
,
f
vou
ble
oppo uniy h
 been p eened of m
ing
eu n fo
ll he fo me

f
vou  confe ed by he Rom
n people, uch
 you you elve emembe ,
(fo which e
on,
 being mindful of hem, you
e no o be upb
ided
wih hem,)
nd of ob
ining g e
 mili
y enown fo hi you ciy
ove he common enemy. The n
ion, which now
pp o
che in dio de ly
m
ch, i one o which n
u e h
 given g e
 pi i
nd bodie
he
huge h
n fi m. Le he di
e of Rome e ve

p oof. They c
pu ed
he ciy when lying open o hem;
m
ll h
ndful of men f om he
ci
del
nd C
piol wih
nd hem. Al e
dy i ed ou by he low
p oce of
iege, hey ei e
nd p e
d hemelve h ough he
coun y. Go ged wih food
nd wine h
ily w
llowed, when nigh come
on hey  ech hemelve indic imin
ely, lie b ue, ne
 e
m
of w
e , wihou en enchmen, wihou gu
d o
dv
nced po; mo e
inc
uiou even now h
n uu
l in coneuence of ucce. If you hen

e dipoed o defend you own w

ll,
nd no o uffe
ll hee
pl
ce o become G
ul, 
e up
m in
full body
 he fi  w
ch:
follow me o l
ughe , no o b
le. If I do no delive hem up o
you fee ed by leep, o be buche ed lie c
le, I decline no he

me iue of my
ff
i 
 A de

 I h
d
 Rome."
45. Boh f iend
nd enemie we e 
ified h
 he e exied no whe e

 h
 ime
m
n of eu
l mili
y 
len. The
embly being
dimied, hey ef eh hemelve, c
efully w
ching he momen he
ign
l hould be given; which being given, du ing he ilence of he
beginning of he nigh hey
ended C
millu
 he g
e. H
ving gone
fo h o no g e
 di
nce f om he ciy, hey found he c
mp of he
G
ul,
 h
d been fo eold, unp oeced
nd negleced on eve y ide,

nd

c i wih
hou. No figh
ny whe e, bu l
ughe eve y
whe e; hei bodie, n
ed
nd el
xed wih leep,
e cu o piece.
Thoe mo emoe, howeve , being oued f om hei bed, no nowing
wh
 he umul w
, o whence i c
me, we e di eced o fligh,
nd
ome of hem, wihou pe ceiving i, ino he mid of he enemy. A
g e
 numbe flying ino he e io y of Anium,
n

c being m
de
on hem in hei 
ggling m
ch by he ownpeople, we e u ounded

nd cu off. A lie c

n
ge w
 m
de of he Tuc
n in he Veieni
n
e io y; who we e o f
f om comp
ion
ing he ciy which h
d now
been i neighbou fo ne
ly fou hund ed ye
, ove powe ed
 i now
w
 by

nge
nd unhe
d-of enemy, h

 h
 ve y ime hey m
de
incu ion on he Rom
n e io y;
nd l
den wih plunde , h
d i in
conempl
ion o l
y iege o Veii, he bulw

nd l
 hope of he
Rom
n
ce. The Rom
n oldie  h
d een hem 
ggling ove he
coun y,
nd colleced in
body, d iving he poil befo e hem,
nd
hey pe ceived hei c
mp piched
 no g e
 di
nce f om Veii. Upon
hi, fi  elf-commie
ion, hen indign
ion,
nd
fe h

eenmen, oo poeion of hei mind: "We e hei c
l
miie o be

ubjec of moce y o he E u i

n, f om whom hey h
d u ned off he
G
llic w
on hemelve?" c
ce could hey cu b hei p
ion, o

o ef
in f om

cing hem
 he momen;
nd being e
ined by
Quinu Cdiciu, he cenu ion, whom hey h
d
ppoined hei
comm
nde , hey defe ed he m
e unil nigh. A le
de eu
l o
C
millu w

ll h
 w
 w
ned; in ohe epec m
e  we e
conduced in he 
me o de
nd wih he 
me fo un
e eul. And
fu he , unde he guid
nce of ome p ione , who h
d u vived he
nighly l
ughe , hey e ou o 
lin
g
in
nohe body of
Tuc
n, hey uddenly m
de on he following nigh ill g e
e h
voc,

nd eu ned o Veii exuling in hei double vico y.

46. Me
nwhile,
 Rome, he iege, in gene
l, w
 low,
nd he e w

uie on boh ide, he G
ul being inen only on hi, h
 none of
he enemy hould ec
pe f om beween hei po; when, on
udden,

Rom
n youh d ew on himelf he
dmi
ion boh of hi coun ymen
nd

he enemy. The e w



c ifice olemnized
 
ed ime by he
F
bi
n f
mily on he Qui in
l hill. To pe fo m hi C
iu F
biu Do o
h
ving decended f om he C
piol, in he G
bine cincu e, c
ying in
hi h
nd he 
c ed uenil, p
ed ou h ough he mid of he
enemy' po, wihou being

ll moved by he c
ll o h e
 of
ny
of hem,
nd e
ched he Qui in
l hill;
nd
fe duly pe fo ming he e
he olemn ie, coming b
c by he 
me w
y wih he 
me fi m
counen
nce
nd g
i, confiden h
 he god we e p opiiou, whoe
wo hip he h
d no even negleced when p ohibied by he fe
of de
h,
he eu ned o he C
piol o hi f iend, he G
ul being eihe

ounded
 uch
n ex
o din
y m
nife
ion of boldne, o moved
even by eligiou conide
ion, of which he n
ion i by no me
n
eg
dle. In he me
n ime, no only he cou
ge, bu he  engh of
hoe
 Veii inc e
ed d
ily, no only hoe Rom
n ep
i ing hihe
f om he coun y who h
d 
yed
w
y
fe he unucceful b
le, o
he di
e of he ciy being 
en, bu volunee 
lo flowing in
f om L
ium, o come in fo h
e of he poil. I now eemed high ime
h
 hei coun y hould be ecove ed
nd ecued f om he h
nd of he
enemy. Bu
he
d w
 w
ning o hi  ong body. The ve y po pu
hem in mind of C
millu,
nd
conide
ble p
 conied of oldie 
who h
d fough uccefully unde hi guid
nce
nd
upice:
nd
Cdiciu decl
ed h
 he would no give occ
ion h

ny one, whehe
god o m
n, hould e min
e hi comm
nd
he h
n h
, mindful of
hi own
n, he would himelf c
ll (fo he
ppoinmen of)
gene
l.
Wih unive 
l conen i w
 eolved h
 C
millu hould be en fo
f om A de
, bu no unil he en
e
 Rome we e fi  conuled: o
f
did
ene of p op iey egul
e eve y p oceeding,
nd o c
efully
did hey obe ve he diincion of hing in hei
lmo depe
e
ci cum
nce. They h
d o p

 g e
 i h ough he enemy'
gu
d. Fo hi pu poe
pi ied youh, Poniu Cominiu, offe ed hi
e vice,
nd uppo ing himelf on co  w
 c
ied down he Tibe o
he ciy. F om hence, whe e he di
nce f om he b
n w
 ho e, he
m
e hi w
y ino he C
piol ove
po ion of he oc h
 w

c
ggy,
nd he efo e negleced by he enemy' gu
d:
nd being
conduced o he m
gi
e, he delive  he in ucion eceived f om
he
my. Then h
ving eceived
dec ee of he en
e, boh h

C
millu hould be ec
lled f om exile
 he comii
cu i

,
nd be
fo hwih
ppoined dic
o by o de of he people,
nd h
 he
oldie  hould h
ve he gene
l whom hey wihed, he p
ed ou he

me w
y
nd p oceeded wih hi dep
che o Veii;
nd depuie being
en o C
millu o A de
, conduced him o Veii: o ele he l
w w

p
ed by he cu i,
nd he w
 nomin
ed dic
o in hi
bence; fo I

m mo e inclined o believe h
 he did no e ou f om A de
unil he
found h
 he l
w w
 p
ed; bec
ue he could neihe ch
nge hi
eidence wihou
n o de of he people, no hold he p ivilege of he

upice in he
my unil he w
 nomin
ed dic
o .
47. Whil hee hing we e going on
 Veii, in he me
n while he
ci
del
nd C
piol of Rome we e in g e
 d
nge . Fo he G
ul eihe
h
ving pe ceived he 
c of
hum
n foo whe e he meenge f om Veii
h
d p
ed, o h
ving of hemelve em
ed he e
y
cen by he oc

 he emple of C
meni, on
moonligh nigh,
fe hey h
d

fi  en fo w
d
n un
med pe on, o m
e  i
l of he w
y,
delive ing hei
m, wheneve
ny difficuly occu ed,
le n
ely
uppo ed
nd uppo ing e
ch ohe ,
nd d
wing e
ch ohe up,

cco ding
 he g ound eui ed, hey e
ched he ummi in uch
ilence, h
 hey no only ec
ped he noice of he eninel, bu of
he dog
lo,
n
nim
l ex emely w
eful wih epec o noie by
nigh. The noice of he geee hey did no ec
pe, which,
 being

c ed o Juno, we e p
ed hough hey we e in he g e
e c
ciy of

food. Which ci cum

nce w
 he c
ue of hei p ee v
ion. Fo M
cu
M
nliu, who h ee ye
 befo e h
d been conul,
m
n diinguihed in
w
, being
oued f om leep by hei c
cling
nd he cl
pping of
hei wing, n
ched up hi
m,
nd
 he 
me ime c
lling he
ohe  o do he 
me, p oceed o he po;
nd whil he ohe 
e
h own ino confuion, he  uc wih he bo of hi hield
nd umble
down
G
ul, who h
d
l e
dy go fooing on he ummi;
nd when he
f
ll of hi m
n
 he umbled h ew down hoe who we e nex him, he
lew ohe , who in hei cone n
ion h
d h own
w
y hei
m,
nd
c
ugh hold of he oc o which hey clung. And now he ohe 
lo
h
ving
embled be
 down he enemy by j
velin
nd one,
nd he
eni e b
nd, h
ving lo hei fooing, we e hu led down he p ecipice
in p omicuou uin. The
l
m hen ubiding, he em
inde of he
nigh w
 given up o epoe, (
 f

 could be done conide ing he
diu bed 
e of hei mind,) when he d
nge , even hough p
,
ill ep hem in

e of
nxiey. D
y h
ving
ppe
ed, he oldie 
we e ummoned by ound of  umpe o
end he  ibune in
embly,
when ecompence w
 o be m
de boh o me i
nd o deme i; M
nliu w

fi  of
ll commended fo hi b
ve y
nd p eened wih gif, no
only by he mili
y  ibune, bu wih he conen of he oldie , fo
hey
ll c
ied o hi houe, which w
 in he ci
del,
con ibuion
of h
lf
pound of co n
nd h
lf
pin of wine:
m
e  ifling in
he el
ion, bu he [p ev
iling] c
ciy h
d ende ed i
 ong
p oof of eeem, when e
ch m
n, dep iving himelf of hi own food,
con ibued in honou of one m
n
po ion ub
ced f om hi body
nd
f om hi nece
y eui emen. Then he gu
d of h
 pl
ce whe e he
enemy h
d climbed up unobe ved, we e ummoned;
nd when Quinu
ulpiciu decl
ed openly h
 he would punih
ll
cco ding o he
u
ge of mili
y dicipline, being dee ed by he conenien hou of
he oldie  who h ew he bl
me on one eninel, he p
ed he e.
The m
n, who w
 m
nifely guily of he c ime, he h ew down f om he
oc, wih he
pp ob
ion of
ll. F om hi ime fo h he gu
d on
boh ide bec
me mo e vigil
n; on he p
 of he G
ul, bec
ue

umou p e
d h
 meenge  p
ed beween Veii
nd Rome,
nd on h

of he Rom
n, f om he ecollecion of he d
nge which occu ed du ing
he nigh.
48. Bu beyond
ll he evil of iege
nd w
, f
mine di eed boh

mie; peilence, mo eove , [opp eed] he G

ul, boh
 being
enc
mped in
pl
ce lying beween hill,
 well
 he
ed by he
bu ning of he houe,
nd full of exh
l
ion,
nd ending up no only

he bu embe 
lo, wheneve he wind oe o
ny deg ee;
nd
 he
n
ion,
ccuomed o moiu e
nd cold, i mo inole
n of hee

nnoy
nce,
nd, uffe ing eve ely f om he he

nd uffoc
ion, hey
we e dying, he die
e p e
ding

mong c
le, now becoming we
y
of bu ying ep

ely, hey he
ped up he bodie p omicuouly
nd
bu ned hem;
nd ende ed he pl
ce em

ble by he n
me of G
llic
pile. A  uce w
 now m
de wih he Rom
n,
nd confe ence we e held
wih he pe miion of he comm
nde ; in which when he G
ul
f euenly
lluded o he f
mine,
nd efe ed o he u gency of h



fu he moive fo hei u ende ing, fo he pu poe of emoving

h
 opinion, b e
d i 
id o h
ve been h own in m
ny pl
ce f om he
C
piol, ino he
dv
nced po of he enemy. Bu he f
mine could
neihe be diembled no endu ed
ny longe . Acco dingly, whil he
dic
o i eng
ged in pe on in holding
levy, in o de ing hi m
e
of he ho e, Luciu V
le iu, o b ing up he  oop f om Veii, in
m
ing p ep

ion
nd

ngemen, o h
 he m
y

c he enemy on
eu
l e m, in he me
n ime he
my of he C
piol, we
ied ou wih
eeping gu
d
nd wih w
che, h
ving u mouned
ll hum
n uffe ing,
whil n
u e would no uffe f
mine
lone o be ove come, looing

fo w
d f om d
y o d
y, o ee whehe
ny uccou would come f om he
dic
o ,
 lengh no only food bu hope
lo f
iling,
nd hei
m
weighing down hei debili
ed bodie, whil he gu
d we e being
elieved, inied h
 he e hould be eihe
u ende , o h
 hey
hould be bough off, on wh
eve e m we e poible, he G
ul
inim
ing in
he pl
in e m, h
 hey could be induced fo no ve y
g e
 compen
ion o elinuih he iege. Then he en
e w
 held
nd
in ucion we e given o he mili
y  ibune o c
piul
e. Upon
hi he m
e w
 eled beween Quinu ulpiciu,
mili
y
 ibune,
nd B ennu, he chief
in of he G
ul,
nd one hou
nd
pound' weigh of gold w

g eed on
 he
nom of
people, who we e
oon
fe o be he ule  of he wo ld. To

n
cion ve y
humili
ing in ielf, inul w

dded. F
le weigh we e b ough by
he G
ul,
nd on he  ibune objecing, hi wo d w
 h own in in

ddiion o he weigh by he inolen G

ul,
nd
n exp eion w
 he
d
inole
ble o he Rom
n, "Woe o he v
nuihed!"
49. Bu boh god
nd men ine fe ed o p even he Rom
n f om living
on he condiion of being
nomed; fo by ome ch
nce, befo e he
exec
ble p ice w
 compleed,
ll he gold being no ye weighed in
coneuence of he
le c
ion, he dic
o come up,
nd o de  he
gold o be emoved,
nd he G
ul o cle

w
y. When hey, holding ou

g
in him,
ffi med h
 hey h
d concluded
b
g
in, he denied h

he
g eemen w

v
lid one, which h
d been ene ed ino wih

m
gi
e of infe io
uho iy wihou hi o de ,
fe he h
d been
nomin
ed dic
o ;
nd he give noice o he G
ul o ge e
dy fo
b
le. He o de  hi men o h ow hei b
gg
ge in
he
p,
nd o ge
e
dy hei
m,
nd o ecove hei coun y wih eel, no wih
gold, h
ving befo e hei eye he emple of he god,
nd hei wive

nd child en,
nd he oil of hei coun y difigu ed by he c
l
miie
of w
,
nd
ll hoe objec which hey we e olemnly bound o defend,
o ecove ,
nd o evenge. He hen d
w up hi
my,
 he n
u e of
he pl
ce
dmied, on he ie of he h
lf-demolihed ciy,
nd which
w
 uneven by n
u e,
nd he ecu ed
ll hoe
dv
n
ge fo hi own
men, which could be p ep
ed o eleced by mili
y ill. The G
ul,
h own ino confuion by he unexpeced even, 
e up
m,
nd wih

ge,
he h
n good judgmen, uhed upon he Rom
n. Fo une h
d now
ch
nged; now he
id of he god
nd hum
n p udence
ied he Rom
n
c
ue. A he fi  encoune , he efo e, he G
ul we e oued wih no
g e
e difficuly h
n hey h
d found in g
ining he vico y
 Alli
.
They we e
fe w
d be
en unde he conduc
nd
upice of he 
me
C
millu, in
mo e egul
eng
gemen,
 he eighh one on he
G
bine o
d, whihe hey h
d be
en hemelve
fe hei defe
.
The e he l
ughe w
 unive 
l: hei c
mp w
 
en,
nd no even
one pe on w
 lef o c
y new of he defe
. The dic
o ,
fe
h
ving ecove ed hi coun y f om he enemy, eu n ino he ciy in
 iumph;
nd
mong he ough mili
y je which hey h ow ou [on
uch occ
ion] he i yled, wih p
ie by no me
n undee ved,
Romulu,
nd p
en of hi coun y,
nd
econd founde of he ciy.
Hi coun y, hu p ee ved by
m, he unueion
bly 
ved
econd
ime in pe
ce, when he hinde ed he people f om emoving o Veii, boh
he  ibune p eing he m
e wih g e
e e
nene
fe he
bu ning of he ciy,
nd he common of hemelve being mo e inclined
o h
 me
u e;
nd h
 w
 he c
ue of hi no eigning hi
dic
o hip
fe he  iumph, he en
e en e
ing him no o le
ve
he commonwe
lh in o uneled

e.
50. Fi  of
ll, he p opoed m
e 
ppe 
ining o he immo 
l god;
fo he w

mo c upulou obe ve of eligiou duie;
nd he
p ocu e
dec ee of he en
e, "h

ll he emple,
 he enemy h
d

poeed hem, hould be eo ed, hei bound 

ced,
nd expi
ion
m
de fo hem,
nd h
 he fo m of expi
ion hould be ough in he
boo by he decemvi ; h

le
gue of hopi
liy hould be ene ed
ino by public
uho iy wih he people of C e, bec
ue hey h
d

ffo ded
ecepion o he 
c ed uenil of he Rom
n people
nd o
hei p ie;
nd bec
ue, by he indne of h
 people, he wo hip
of he immo 
l god h
d no been ine mied; h
 C
pioline g
me
hould be exhibied, fo h
 Jupie , up emely good
nd g e
, h
d
p oeced hi own m
nion
nd he ci
del of he Rom
n people when in
d
nge ;
nd h
 M
cu Fu iu, he dic
o , hould e
blih
college
fo h
 pu poe, ou of hoe who hould inh
bi he C
piol
nd
ci
del." Menion w

lo in oduced of expi
ing he voice he
d by
nigh, which h
d been he
d
nnouncing he c
l
miy befo e he G
llic
w
,
nd negleced,
nd
emple w
 o de ed in he New  ee o Aiu
Locuiu. The gold, which h
d been ecued f om he G
ul,
nd h

lo
which du ing he
l
m h
d been colleced f om he ohe emple ino
he ece of Jupie ' emple, he ecollecion being confued
 o
he emple o which i hould be c
ied b
c, w

ll judged o be

c ed,
nd o de ed o be pl
ced unde he h one of Jupie . Al e
dy
he eligiou c uple of he 
e h
d
ppe
ed in hi, h
 when gold
w
 w
ning fo public ue, o m
e up fo he G
ul he
moun of he

nom
g eed upon, hey h
d
cceped h
 which w
 con ibued by he
m
 on, o h
 hey migh no ouch he 
c ed gold. Th
n we e
eu ned o he m
 on,
nd o hi w

dded he honou of hei
h
ving fune
l o
ion p onounced on hem
fe de
h, in he 
me
m
nne
 he men. Thoe hing being finihed which
ppe 
ined o he
god,
nd uch me
u e
 could be 
n
ced h ough he en
e, hen,

 lengh,
 he  ibune we e e
ing he common by hei unce
ing
h

ngue, o le
ve he uin, o emove o Veii,
ciy e
dy p ep
ed
fo hem, being eco ed by he eni e en
e, he
cend he  ibun
l,

nd poe
 follow:
51. "Rom
n, o di
g ee
ble o me
e conenion wih he  ibune of
he people, h
 in my mo mel
ncholy exile, whil I eided
 A de
,
I h
d no ohe conol
ion h
n h
 I w
 emoved f om hee cone;

nd fo hi 
me e
on I would neve h
ve eu ned, even hough you
ec
lled me by
dec ee of he en
e,
nd by o de of he people. No
h
 i been
ny ch
nge in my own enimen, bu in you fo une, h

h
 pe u
ded me o eu n now. Fo he ueion w
 h
 my coun y
hould em
in in i own e
blihed e
, no h
 I hould eide in
my coun y. And on he p een occ
ion I would gl
dly em
in uie
nd
ilen, we e no he p een  uggle
lo
ppe 
ining o my coun y'
ine e, o be w
ning o which,
 long
 life l
, we e b
e in
ohe , in C
millu impiou. Fo why h
ve we ecove ed i? Why h
ve we
ecued i when beieged ou of he h
nd of he enemy, if we ou elve
dee  i when ecove ed? And when, he G
ul being vico iou, he
eni e ciy c
pu ed, boh he god
nd he n
ive of Rome ill
e
ined
nd inh
bied he C
piol
nd ci
del, h
ll even he ci
del

nd he C
piol be dee ed, now when he Rom
n
e vico iou
nd he
ciy h
 been ecove ed? And h
ll ou p ope ou fo une c
ue mo e
deol
ion o hi ciy h
n ou
dve e c
ued? T uly if we h
d no
eligiou iniuion e
blihed ogehe wih he ciy,
nd egul
ly

nmied down o u, ill he divine powe h
 o m
nifely
ine eed ielf in beh
lf of he Rom
n 
e on he p een  ying
occ
ion, h
 I hould hin h

ll neglec of he divine wo hip w

emoved f om he mind of men. Fo conide he even of hee l
e
ye
 one
fe he ohe , whehe p ope ou o
dve e; you will find
h

ll hing ucceeded f
vou
bly wih u whil we followed he
god,
nd unf
vou
bly when we negleced hem. Now, fi  of
ll he
Veieni
n w
--of how m
ny ye
' du
ion, wih wh
 immene l
bou

w
ged!--w
 no b ough o
e min
ion, unil he w
e w
 dich
ged
f om he Alb
n l
e by he
dmoniion of he god. Wh
, in he n
me of
he
ven, eg
ding hi ecen c
l
miy of ou ciy? did i
ie, unil
he voice en f om he
ven conce ning he
pp o
ch of he G
ul w

 e
ed wih ligh? unil he l
w of n
ion w
 viol
ed by ou

mb

do ,
nd unil uch viol
ion w
 p
ed ove by u wih he

me indiffe ence ow
d he god, when i hould h
ve been punihed by
u? Acco dingly v
nuihed, m
de c
pive
nd
nomed, we h
ve uffe ed
uch punihmen
 he h
nd of god
nd men,
 h
 we
e now

w
ning o he whole wo ld. Afe w
d ou mifo une eminded u of
ou eligiou duie. We fled fo efuge o he god, o he e
 of
Jupie up emely good
nd g e
;
mid he uin of
ll ou effec ou

c ed uenil we p
ly conce
led in he e
h; p
 of hem we
c
ied
w
y o he neighbou ing ciie
nd emoved f om he eye of he
enemy. Though dee ed by god
nd men, ill we ine mied no he
wo hip of he god. Acco dingly hey h
ve eo ed o u ou coun y,

nd vico y, ou
ncien enown in w
which h
d been lo,
nd on ou
enemie, who, blinded by
v
ice, h
ve viol
ed he f
ih of
 e
y
wih epec o he weigh of gold, hey h
ve u ned dim
y,
nd fligh,

nd l
ughe .
52. "When you behold uch  iing in
nce of he effec of honou ing
o neglecing he deiy, do you pe ceive wh

n
c of impiey we
e

bou o pe pe
e, c
cely eme ging f om he w ec of ou fo me
miconduc
nd c
l
miy? We poe
ciy founded unde
upice
nd

ugu ie; no
po i he e in i h
 i no full of eligiou ie

nd of he god: he d

y fo he
nnive 
y 
c ifice
e no mo e
definiely 
ed, h
n
e he pl
ce in which hey
e o be
pe fo med. All hee god, boh public
nd p iv
e, do ye, Rom
n,
p eend o fo 
e. Wh
 imil
iy doe you conduc be
[o h
]
which l
ely du ing he iege w
 beheld wih no le
dmi
ion by he
enemy h
n by you elve in h
 excellen C
iu F
biu, when he
decended f om he ci
del
mid he G
llic we
pon,
nd pe fo med on he
Qui in
l hill he olemn ie of he F
bi
n f
mily? I i you wih
h
 he f
mily eligiou ie hould no be ine mied even du ing
w
, bu h
 he public ie
nd he Rom
n god hould be dee ed
even in ime of pe
ce,
nd h
 he poniff
nd fl
men hould be mo e
negligen of public eligiou ce emonie, h
n
p iv
e individu
l in
he
nnive 
y ie of
p
icul
f
mily? Pe h
p ome one m
y 
y,
h
 we will eihe pe fo m hee duie
 Veii, o h
 we will end
ou p ie hihe f om hence in o de o pe fo m hem; neihe of
which c
n be done, wihou inf inging on he e
blihed fo m. Fo no
o enume
e
ll he 
c ed ie eve
lly
nd
ll he god, whehe in
he b
nue of Jupie c
n he lecie nium be pe fo med in
ny ohe
pl
ce, 
ve in he C
piol? Wh
 h
ll I 
y of he ee n
l fi e of
Ve
,
nd of he 
ue, which,
 he pledge of empi e, i ep unde
he 
fegu
d of he emple? Wh
, O M
 G
divu,
nd you, f
he
Qui inu, of you Ancili
? I i igh h
 hee 
c ed hing, coev
l
wih he ciy, ome of hem mo e
ncien h
n he o igin of he ciy,
hould be
b
ndoned o p of
n
ion? And, obe ve he diffe ence exiing
beween u
nd ou
nceo . They h
nded down o u ce 
in 
c ed
ie o be pe fo med by u on he Alb
n
nd on he L
vini
n moun. W

i in confo miy wih eligion h
 hee 
c ed ie we e 
nfe ed
o u o Rome f om he ciie of ou enemie? h
ll we 
nfe hem
hence o Veii,
n enemy' ciy, wihou impiey? Come, ecollec how
ofen 
c ed ie
e pe fo med
new, bec
ue ome ce emony of ou
coun y h
d been omied h ough negligence o
cciden. On
l
e
occ
ion, wh
 ci cum
nce,
fe he p odigy of he Alb
n l
e, p oved

emedy o he 
e di eed by he Veieni
n w
, bu he
epeiion of he 
c ed ie
nd he enew
l of he
upice? Bu

fu he ,
 if duly mindful of
ncien eligiou u
ge, we h
ve boh

nfe ed fo eign deiie o Rome,
nd h
ve e
blihed new one. Ve y
ecenly, impe i
l Juno w
 
nfe ed f om Veii,
nd h
d he
dedic
ion pe fo med on
d
y how diinguihed fo he ex
o din
y
ze
l of he m
 on,
nd wih wh

full
end
nce! We h
ve di eced

emple o be e eced o Aiu Locuiu, in coneuence of he he

venly
voice he
d in he New  ee. To ou ohe olemniie we h
ve
dded
he C
pioline g
me,
nd, by di ecion of he en
e, we h
ve founded

new college fo h
 pu poe. Which of hee hing need we h
ve done,
if we we e o le
ve he Rom
n ciy ogehe wih he G
ul? if i w

no volun
ily we em
ined in he C
piol fo o m
ny monh of iege;
if we we e e
ined by he enemy h ough moive of fe
? We
e
pe
ing of he 
c ed ie
nd of he emple; wh
, p
y, of he
p ie? Doe i no occu o you, wh

deg ee of p of
nene would be
commied in epec of hem. The Ve
l, fo ooh, h
ve bu h
 one
elemen, f om which nohing eve diu bed hem, excep he c
pu e
of he ciy. I i
n
c of impiey fo he fl
men Di
li o em
in fo

ingle nigh wihou he ciy. Do ye me

n o m
e hem Veieni
n
ine
d of Rom
n p ie? And h
ll he vi gin fo 
e hee, O Ve
?
And h
ll he fl
men by living
b o
d d
w on himelf
nd on hi coun y
uch
weigh of guil eve y nigh? Wh
 of he ohe hing,
ll of
which we 
n
c unde
upice wihin he Pom ium, o wh
 oblivion,
o wh
 neglec do we conign hem? The
emblie of he Cu i
, which
comp ie mili
y
ff
i ; he
emblie of he Cenu ie,
 which you
elec conul
nd mili
y  ibune, when c
n hey be held unde

upice, unle whe e hey

e won [o be held]? h
ll we 
nfe
hem o Veii? o whehe fo he pu poe of holding hei elecion
h
ll he people
emble
 o g e
 inconvenience ino
ciy dee ed
by god
nd men?
53. "Bu he c
e ielf fo ce u o le
ve
ciy deol
ed by fi e
nd
uin,
nd emove o Veii, whe e
ll hing
e eni e,
nd no o
di e he needy common by building he e. Bu h
 hi i only held
ou

p eex,
he h
n h
 i i he e
l moive, I hin i
eviden o you, hough I hould 
y nohing on he ubjec; fo you
emembe h
 befo e he
iv
l of he G
ul, when he building, boh
public
nd p iv
e, we e ill unhu ,
nd he ciy ill ood in

fey, hi 
me ueion w

gi
ed, h
 we hould emove o Veii.
Obe ve hen,  ibune, wh

diffe ence he e i beween my w
y of
hining
nd you . Ye hin h
 hough i m
y no h
ve been
dvi
ble
o do i hen, ill h
 now i ough ce 
inly o be done; I, on he
con
y, (
nd be no u p ied unil you h
ll h
ve he
d he 
e of
he c
e,)
dmiing i we e
dvi
ble o emove when he eni e ciy
w
 
fe, would no voe fo elinuihing hee uin now. Fo hen
vico y would be he c
ue of ou emoving ino
c
pu ed ciy, one
h
 would be glo iou o ou elve
nd ou poe iy; whil now hi

me emov
l would be w eched
nd dig
ceful o u,
nd glo iou o
he G
ul. Fo we h
ll
ppe
no o h
ve lef ou coun y

conue o , bu o h
ve lo i f om h
ving been v
nuihed; he fligh

 Alli
, he c
pu e of he ciy, he bloc
ding of he C
piol, [will
eem] o h
ve impoed hi neceiy on u of fo 
ing ou houehold
god, of h
ving ecou e o exile
nd fligh f om h
 pl
ce which we
we e un
ble o defend. And h
ve he G
ul been
ble o demolih Rome,
which he Rom
n h
ll be deemed o h
ve been un
ble o eo e? Wh

em
in, bu h
 if hey hould now come wih new fo ce, (fo i i
eviden h
 hei numbe i c
cely c edible,)
nd hould hey feel
dipoed o dwell in hi ciy, c
pu ed by hem,
nd dee ed by you,
would you uffe hem? Wh
, if no he G
ul, bu you old enemie, he
u
n
nd Volci
n, hould fo m he deign of emoving o Rome; would
you be willing h
 hey hould become Rom
n, you Veieni
n? Would ye

p efe h
 hi hould be
dee  in you poeion, o
ciy of he
enemy? Fo my p
 I c
n ee nohing mo e impiou. I i bec
ue ye
e

ve e o building, ye
e p ep
ed o incu hi guil, hi dig
ce?
Even hough no bee , no mo e
mple  ucu e could be e eced
h oughou he eni e ciy h
n h
 co
ge of ou founde , i i no
bee o dwell in co
ge, lie hephe d
nd uic,
mid you

c ed pl
ce
nd you houehold god, h
n o go publicly ino exile?
Ou fo ef
he , 
nge 
nd hephe d, when he e w
 nohing in
hee pl
ce bu wood
nd m
he, e eced
new ciy in
ve y ho 
ime; do we, wih
C
piol
nd ci
del 
fe,
nd he emple of he
god ill 
nding, feel i i ome o build up wh
 h
 been bu n?

nd wh
 we individu
lly would h
ve done, if ou p iv
e eidence h
d
been bu ned down, h
ll we

body efue o do in he c
e of

public confl
g
ion?
54. "Wh
, if by ome evil deign of
cciden
fi e hould b e
 ou

Veii,
nd he fl
me p e
d by he wind,
 m
y h
ppen, hould conume

conide
ble po ion of he ciy;
e we hen o ee Fiden, o G
bii,
o
ny ohe ciy o emove o? H
 ou n
ive oil o ligh
hold on
u, o hi e
h which we c
ll mohe ; o doe ou love of coun y lie
me ely in he u f
ce
nd in he imbe of he houe? Fo my p
, I
will
cnowledge o you, whil I w

ben, hough I
m le dipoed
o emembe hi
 he effec of you injuice h
n of my own
mifo une,
 ofen
 my coun y c
me ino my mind,
ll hee
ci cum
nce occu ed o me, he hill, he pl
in, he Tibe , he f
ce
of he coun y f
mili
o my eye,
nd hi y, bene
h which I h
d
been bo n
nd educ
ed; m
y hee now induce you, by hei ende
ing
hold on you, o em
in in you p een elemen,
he h
n hey
hould c
ue you o pine
w
y h ough eg e,
fe h
ving lef hem.
No wihou good e
on did god
nd men elec hi pl
ce fo founding

ciy: hee mo he
lhful hill;
commodiou ive , by me
n of
which he p oduce of he oil m
y be conveyed f om he inl
nd coun ie,
by which m
iime upplie m
y be ob
ined; cloe enough o he e
fo

ll pu poe of convenience,
nd no expoed by oo much p oximiy o
he d
nge  of fo eign flee;
iu
ion in he cen e of he egion
of I
ly, ingul
ly
d
ped by n
u e fo he inc e
e of
ciy. The
ve y ize of o new
ciy i
p oof. Rom
n, he p een ye
i he
h ee hund ed
nd ixy-fifh ye
of he ciy; fo o long
ime
e
you w
ging w

mid n
ion of uch long 
nding; ye no o menion
ingle ciie, neihe he Volci
n combined wih he u
n, o m
ny

nd uch  ong own, no

ll E u i
, o poen by l
nd
nd e
,
occupying he b e
dh of I
ly beween he wo e
, c
n cope wih you
in w
. And
 he c
e i o, whe e, in he n
me of goodne, i he
widom in you who h
ve  ied [hi iu
ion] o m
e  i
l now of ome
ohe , when, hough you own v
lou m
y be emoved elewhe e, he
fo une of hi pl
ce ce 
inly c
nno be 
nfe ed? He e i he
C
piol, whe e,
hum
n he
d being found, i w
 fo eold h
 in h

pl
ce would be he he
d of he wo ld,
nd he chief e
 of empi e.
He e, when he C
piol w
 o be f eed by he ie of
ugu y, Juven


nd Te minu, o he ve y g e
 joy of ou f
he , uffe ed no
hemelve o be moved. He e i he fi e of Ve
, he e he Ancili
en
down f om he
ven, he e
e
ll he god p opiiou o you if you 
y."
55. C
millu i 
id o h
ve moved hem
 well by ohe p
 of hi
peech, bu chiefly by h
 which el
ed o eligiou m
e . Bu
n
exp eion e
on
bly ue ed dee mined he m
e whil ill
undecided; fo when
meeing of he en
e,
lile
fe hi, w

being held in he Cu i
Hoili
eg
ding hee ueion,
nd ome
 oop eu ning f om elieving gu
d p
ed h ough he fo um in hei
m
ch,
cenu ion in he comiium c ied ou, "
nd
d-be
e , fix you


nd
d! i i be fo u o em
in he e." Which exp eion being
he
d, boh he en
e c
me ou f om he en
e-houe,
nd
ll c ied ou
h
 "hey emb
ced he omen,"
nd he common, who we e colleced

ound, joined hei

pp ob
ion. The l
w [unde dicuion] being
ejeced, he building of he ciy commenced in eve
l p

 once.
Tile we e upplied
 he public expene. The p ivilege of hewing one

nd felling imbe whe eve e

ch pe on wihed w
 g
ned, ecu iy
being 
en h
 hey would finih he building on h
 ye
. Thei
h
e oo
w
y
ll
enion o he egul
ing he cou e of he
 ee, whil, eing
ide
ll diincion of p ope y, hey build
on
ny p
 h
 w
 v
c
n. Th
 i he e
on why he
ncien ewe ,

 fi  conduced h ough he public  ee, now in m

ny pl
ce p

unde p iv
e houe,
nd why he fo m of he ciy
ppe
 mo e lie one

en up by individu
l, h
n egul
ly po ioned ou [by
commiione ].

BOOK VI.
_ucceful ope
ion
g
in he Volci
n,
nd u
n,
nd
P neine. Fou  ibe we e
dded. M
cu M
nliu, who h
d
defended he C
piol f om he G
ul, being condemned fo
pi ing
o eg
l powe , i h own f om he T
pei
n oc; in commemo
ion
of which ci cum
nce
dec ee of he en
e w
 p
ed, h
 none
of he M
nli
n f
mily hould hencefo w
d be
he cognomen of
M
cu. C
iu Liciniu
nd Luciu exiu,  ibune of he people,
p opoed
l
w h
 conul migh be choen f om
mong he common;

nd
fe
violen cone, ucceeded in p
ing h
 l
w,
nowih
nding he oppoiion of he p
 ici
n, he 
me  ibune
of he common being fo five ye
 he only m
gi
e in he

e;
nd Luciu exiu w
 he fi  conul eleced f om he
common._
1. The 
n
cion of he Rom
n, f om he building of he ciy of Rome
o he c
pu e of he 
me ciy, fi  unde ing, hen unde conul,

nd dic
o ,
nd decemvi ,
nd conul
 ibune, hei w

b o
d,
hei dienion
 home, I h
ve exhibied in five boo: m
e 
obcu e,
 well by e
on of hei ve y g e

niuiy, lie objec
which f om hei g e
 di
nce
e c
cely pe cepible,

lo
bec
ue in hoe ime he ue of lee , he only f
ihful gu
di
n of
he memo y of even, w
 inconide
ble
nd
e:
nd, mo eove ,
wh
eve w
 con
ined in he commen
ie of he poniff,
nd ohe
public
nd p iv
e eco d, we e lo fo he mo p
 in he bu ning
of he ciy. Hencefo w
d, f om he econd o igin of he ciy, which
p ung up
g
in mo e he
lhfully
nd vigo ouly,
 if f om i oo,
i
chievemen
 home
nd
b o
d, h
ll be n

ed wih mo e
cle
ne
nd
uheniciy. Bu i now ood e ec, le
ning chiefly on
he 
me uppo , M
cu Fu iu, by which i h
d been fi 
ied; no
did hey uffe him o l
y down he dic
o hip unil he end of he
ye
. I w
 no
g ee
ble o hem, h
 he  ibune du ing whoe ime
of office he ciy h
d been 
en, hould p eide
 he elecion fo
he following ye
: he
dmini
ion c
me o
n ine egnum. Whil
he 
e w
 ep occupied in he employmen
nd con
n l
bou of
ep
i ing he ciy, in he me
n ime
d
y of  i
l w
 n
med by C
iu
M
ciu,  ibune of he people, fo Quinu F
biu,
 oon
 he wen
ou of office, bec
ue whil
n
mb

do he h
d, con
y o he l
w

of n
ion,
ppe
ed in
m
g
in he G
ul, o whom he h
d been en


negoi
o ; f om which  i
l de
h emoved him o oppo unely h

mo people hough i volun
y. The ine egnum commenced. Publiu
Co neliu cipio w
 ine ex,
nd
fe him M
cu Fu iu C
millu. He
nomin
e
 mili
y  ibune wih conul
powe , Luciu V
le iu
Publicol

econd ime, Luciu Vi giniu, Publiu Co neliu, Aulu
M
nliu, Luciu miliu, Luciu Poumiu. Thee h
ving ene ed on hei
office immedi
ely
fe he ine egnum, conuled he en
e on no
ohe buine p eviou o h
 which el
ed o eligion. In he fi 
pl
ce hey o de ed h
 he  e
ie
nd l
w which could be found,
hould be colleced; (hee conied of he welve 
ble,
nd ome
l
w m
de unde he ing.) ome of hem we e publicly p omulg
ed; bu
uch

ppe 
ined o eligiou m
e  we e ep ec e chiefly by he
poniff, h
 hey migh hold he mind of he people fee ed by hem.
Then hey beg
n o u n hei
enion o he ubjec of deec
ed
d
y;
nd he d
y befo e he fifeenh d
y of he c
lend of Augu,
em

ble fo
double di
e , (
 being he d
y on which he F
bii
we e l
in
 C eme
,
nd
fe w
d he dig
ceful b
le
ended
wih he uin of he ciy h
d been fough
 Alli
,) hey c
lled he
Alli
n d
y f om he l
e di
e ,
nd hey ende ed i em

ble fo

n
cing no buine whehe public o p iv
e. ome pe on hin,
h
 bec
ue ulpiciu, he mili
y  ibune, h
d no duly offe ed

c ifice on he d
y
fe he ide of July,
nd bec
ue, wihou h
ving
ob
ined he f
vou of he god, he Rom
n
my h
d been expoed o he
enemy on he hi d d
y
fe ,
n o de w

lo m
de o
b
in f om
ll
eligiou unde 
ing on he d
y following he ide: hence he 
me
eligiou obe v
nce w
 de ived wih epec o he d
y following he
c
lend
nd he none.
2. Bu i w
 no long
llowed hem o conul in uie eg
ding he
me
n of
iing he ciy,
fe o g ievou
f
ll. On he one ide
hei old enemie, he Volci
n, h
d 
en
m, o exinguih he
Rom
n n
me: on he ohe , ome 
de  b ough [inelligence] h


conpi
cy of he le
ding men of E u i
f om
ll he 
e h
d been
fo med
 he emple of Volumn
. A new c
ue of e o
lo h
d been

dded by he defecion of he L

in
nd He nici
n, who, ince he
b
le fough
 he l
e Regillu, h
d em
ined in f iendhip wih he
Rom
n people wih fideliy no o be ueioned. Acco dingly, when uch
g e

l
m u ounded hem on eve y ide,
nd i bec
me
pp
en o

ll h
 he Rom
n n
me l
bou ed no only unde h
 ed wih hei
enemie, bu unde conemp
lo wih hei
llie; i w
 eolved h

he 
e hould be defended unde he 
me
upice,
 hoe unde
which i h
d been ecove ed,
nd h
 M
cu Fu iu hould be nomin
ed
dic
o . He, when dic
o , nomin
ed C
iu e viliu Ah
l
m
e of
he ho e;
nd
upenion of
ll public buine being p ocl
imed, he
held
levy of he junio , in uch
m
nne
 o divide hem ino
cenu ie
fe hey h
d wo n
llegi
nce o him. The
my, when
ied

nd euipped wih
m, he divided ino h ee p
. One p
 he oppoed
o E u i
in he Veieni
n e io y;
nohe he o de ed o pich hei
c
mp befo e he ciy. A mili
y  ibune, Aulu M
nliu, comm
nded he
l
e ; hoe who we e en
g
in he E u i
n, Luciu miliu
comm
nded. The hi d p
 he led in pe on
g
in he Volci
n;
nd
no f
f om L
nuvium, (he pl
ce i c
lled
d Mcium,) he e
bou
o ming hei c
mp. Ino hee, who e ou o he w
f om moive of
conemp, bec
ue hey hough h

ll he Rom
n youh we e cu off by
he G
ul, he f
c of h
ving he
d h
 C
millu w

ppoined o he
comm
nd  uc uch e o , h
 hey fenced hemelve wih

mp
,

nd he
mp
 ielf wih  ee piled up ogehe , le he enemy
migh by
ny me
n e
ch o he wo . When C
millu obe ved hi, he
o de ed fi e o be h own ino he fence oppoed o him;
nd i o

h
ppened h

ve y  ong wind w
 u ned ow
d he enemy. He
he efo e no only opened
p

ge by he fi e, bu he fl
me being
di eced
g
in he c
mp, by he v
pou
lo
nd he moe,
nd by he
c
cling of he g een imbe
 i bu ned, he o confounded he enemy
h
 he Rom
n h
d le difficuly in p
ing he
mp
 ino he
c
mp of he Volci
n, h
n hey h
d expe ienced in climbing ove he
fence which h
d been conumed by he fi e. The enemy being oued
nd
cu down,
fe he dic
o h
d 
en he c
mp by

ul, he g
ve up
he booy o he oldie , which w
 o much he mo e
g ee
ble,
 i
w
 le expeced, he comm
nde being by no me
n p ofuely gene ou.
Then h
ving pu ued hem in hei fligh,
fe he h
d depopul
ed he
eni e Volci
n l
nd, he
 lengh in he evenieh ye
fo ced he
Volci
n o
u ende . Afe hi vico y he p
ed f om he Volci
n
o he u
n, who we e
lo p ep
ing fo hoiliie: he u p ied
hei
my
 Bol,
nd h
ving

ced no only hei c
mp, bu hei
ciy
lo, he oo hem
 he fi  one.
3. When uch fo une m
nifeed ielf on h
 ide whe e C
millu, he
life
nd oul of he Rom
n ine e, w
,
g e

l
m h
d f
llen on

nohe u
e . Fo
lmo
ll E u i
, 
ing up
m, we e beieging
u ium,
llie of he Rom
n people, whoe
mb

do  h
ving
pplied o
he en
e, implo ing
id in hei di e, ob
ined
dec ee, h
 he
dic
o hould
 he e
lie oppo uniy be

id o he u i
n.
And when he ci cum
nce of he beieged would no uffe hem o
b oo he del
y of hi hope,
nd he m
ll numbe of he ownmen we e
pen wih l
bou , w
ching,
nd wound,
ll which fell he
vily on he

me individu
l,
nd when, he ciy being delive ed up o he enemy by

c
piul
ion, hey we e le
ving hei h
bi
ion in
mie
ble

in, being dich
ged wihou hei
m wih only
ingle g
men;

 h
 juncu e C
millu h
ppened o come up
 he he
d of he Rom
n

my. And when he mou nful c owd p o

ed hemelve
 hi fee,
nd
he
dd e of he le
ding men, w ung f om hem by ex eme neceiy,
w
 followed by he weeping of women
nd boy, who we e d
gged
long by
he comp
nion of hei exile, he b
de he u i
n o give ove hei
l
men
ion: h
 he b ough wih him g ief
nd e
 o he E u i
n.
He hen o de  he b
gg
ge o be depoied,
nd he u i
n o em
in
he e wih
m
ll gu
d lef wih hem,
nd he oldie  o follow him
in
m. H
ving hu p oceeded o u ium wih hi
my diencumbe ed,
he found,
 he expeced, eve y hing in dio de ,
 uu
lly h
ppen in
ucce; no
dv
nced gu
d befo e he w
ll, he g
e lying open,
nd
he conue o  dipe ed, c
ying ou he booy f om he houe of he
enemy. u ium i he efo e 
en
econd ime on he 
me d
y; he
E u i
n, l
ely vico iou,
e cu down in eve y u
e by hei new
enemy, no i ime
ffo ded hem o collec
nd fo m one body, o even
o 
e up
m. When e
ch puhed e
ge ly ow
d he g
e, o  y if
by
ny ch
nce hey could h ow hemelve ino he field, hey found
he g
e hu; fo he dic
o h
d given hoe o de  in he fi 
in
nce. Upon hi ome oo up
m, ohe , who h
ppened o be
med
befo e he umul c
me on hem, c
lled hei f iend ogehe in o de
o m
e b
le; which would h
ve been indled by he dep
i of he
enemy, h
d no c ie , en in eve y di ecion h ough he ciy, iued
o de  h
 hei
m hould be l
id down, h
 he un
med hould be
p
ed,
nd h
 no one hould be inju ed excep hoe who we e
med.
Then even hoe whoe mind h
d been, in hei l
 hope, obin
ely
ben on fighing, when hope of life we e offe ed, h ew down hei
m
in eve y di ecion,
nd u ende ed hemelve un
med o he enemy,
which fo une h
d ende ed he 
fe mehod. Thei numbe being
conide
ble, hey we e di ibued
mong eve
l gu
d; he own w

befo e nigh eo ed o he u i
n uninju ed
nd f ee f om
ll he
c
l
miie of w
, bec
ue i h
d no been 
en by fo ce bu delive ed

up on e m.
4. C
millu eu ned o he ciy in  iumph, being vico iou in h ee
w

 he 
me ime. By f
he g e
e numbe of he p ione  whom
he led befo e hi ch
io we e f om
mong he E u i
n. And hee being
old by
ucion, uch
um of money w

ied, h

fe p
ying he
m
 on he p ice of hei gold, ou of h
 which w
 ove
nd
bove,
h ee golden bowl we e m
de; which, inc ibed wih he n
me of
C
millu, i i ce 
in, l
y, befo e he bu ning of he C
piol, in he
ece of Jupie ' emple
 he fee of Juno. On h
 ye
uch of he
Veieni
n, C
pen
i
n,
nd F
lici
n
 h
d come ove o he Rom
n
du ing he w
 wih hoe n
ion, we e
dmied ino he 
e,
nd
l
nd w

igned o hee new ciizen. Thoe
lo we e ec
lled by

dec ee of he en
e f om Veii, who, f om
dilie o building
 Rome,
h
d be
en hemelve o Veii,
nd h
d eized on he v
c
n houe
he e. And
 fi  he e w

mu mu ing on hei p
 di eg
ding he
o de ; hen
d
y h
ving been
ppoined,
nd c
pi
l punihmen
[denounced
g
in
ny one] who did no eu n o Rome, f om being
ef
co y
 hey we e collecively, ende ed hem when 
en ingly
obedien, e
ch h ough fe
fo himelf. And Rome boh now inc e
ed in
numbe ,
nd oe h oughou i eni e exen by i building, he

e
iing in he expene,
nd he dile u ging on he wo 
 if
public,
nd p iv
e pe on (fo he w
n fel of
ccommod
ion
imul
ed hem) h
ening o complee he wo ;
nd wihin
ye

new
ciy w
 e eced. A he e min
ion of he ye

n elecion w
 held of
mili
y  ibune wih conul
powe . Thoe eleced we e, Tiu
Quinciu Cincinn
u, Quinu e viliu Fiden

fifh ime, Luciu
Juliu Iulu, Luciu Auilliu Co vu, Luciu Luc eiu T icipiinu,
e viu ulpiciu Rufu. They led one
my
g
in he u
n, no o
w
, (fo hey owned hemelve conue ed,) bu f om moive of

nimoiy, o l
y w
e hei e io ie, le hey hould le
ve hem

ny  engh fo new deign; he ohe ino he e io y of T

uinii.
He e Co uo

nd Coneneb
, own belonging o he E u i
n, we e

en by o m
nd demolihed. A Co uo
he e w
 no cone; h
ving


ced i by u p ie, hey oo i
 he fi  hou
nd one; he
own w
 plunde ed
nd bu ned. Coneneb
u
ined
iege fo
few
d
y;
nd i w
 coninu
l l
bou ,
b
ed neihe by nigh no by d
y,
h
 educed hem. When he Rom
n
my, h
ving been divided ino ix
p
, e
ch [diviion] elieved he ohe in he b
le one hou in ix
in o
ion,
nd he p
uciy of numbe  expoed he 
me individu
l
ownmen, we
ied
 hey we e, o
cone eve new, hey
 lengh
yielded,
nd
n oppo uniy w

ffo ded o he Rom
n of ene ing he
ciy. I w
 he wih of he  ibune h
 he poil hould be m
de
public p ope y; bu he o de [h
 uch hould be o] w
 oo l
e fo
hei dee min
ion. Whil hey hei
e, he poil
l e
dy bec
me he
p ope y of he oldie ; no could i be 
en f om hem, excep by
me
n c
lcul
ed o excie di
if
cion. On he 
me ye
, h
 he
ciy hould no inc e
e by p iv
e building only, he lowe p
 of
he C
piol
lo we e buil of hewn one;
wo  dee ving of

dmi
ion even
mid he p een m
gnificence of he ciy.
5. Now, whil he 
e w
 buily occupied in building, he  ibune
of he common ende
vou ed o d
w c owd o hei h

ngue by
[p opoing] he
g
i
n l
w. The Pompine e io y w
 hen, fo he
fi  ime ince he powe of he Volci
n h
d been educed by
C
millu, held ou o hem
 hei indipu
ble igh. They
lleged i


ch
ge, h
 "h
 di ic w
 much mo e h

ed on he p
 of
he nobiliy h
n i h
d been on h
 of he Volci
n, fo h

incu ion we e m
de by he one p
y on i, only
 long
 hey h
d
 engh
nd
m; h
 pe on belonging o he nobiliy enc o
ched on

he poeion of l
nd h
 w
 public, no would he e be
ny oom in
i fo he common, unle
diviion we e now m
de, befo e hey eized
on
ll." They m
de no much imp eion on he common, who h ough hei

nxiey fo building
ended he fo um only in m
ll numbe ,
nd we e
d
ined by hei expene on he 
me objec,
nd we e he efo e
c
ele
bou l
nd fo he imp ovemen of which me
n we e w
ning. The

e being full of eligiou imp eion,
nd hen even he le
ding men
h
ving become upe iiou by e
on of hei ecen mifo une, in
o de h
 he
upice migh be 
en
new, he gove nmen h
d once
mo e ecou e o
n ine egnum. The ucceive ine ege we e, M
cu
M
nliu C
piolinu, e viu ulpiciu C
me inu,
nd Luciu V
le iu
Poiu. The l

 lengh held
n elecion of mili
y  ibune wih
conul
powe . He nomin
e Luciu P
pi iu, C
iu Co neliu, C
iu
e giu, Luciu miliu
econd ime, Luciu Meneniu,
nd Luciu
V
le iu Publicol

hi d ime. Thee ene ed on hei office
fe he
ine egnum. Thi ye
he emple of M
, vowed in he G
llic w
, w

dedic
ed by Tiu Quinciu, duumvi fo pe fo ming eligiou ie.
Fou  ibe we e
dded f om he new ciizen, he ell
ine, he
To menine, he 
b
ine,
nd he A ni
n,
nd hey m
de up he numbe of
weny-five  ibe.
6. Reg
ding he Pompine l
nd he m
e w
 p eed by Luciu
iciniu, plebei
n  ibune, on he people, who now
ended in g e
e
numbe ,
nd mo e e
dily
oued o he dei e of l
nd h
n hey h
d
been. And menion h
ving been in oduced in he en
e eg
ding w

g
in he L
in
nd He nici
n, he m
e w
 defe ed in
coneuence of hei
ending o
mo e impo 
n w
, bec
ue E u i

w
 up in
m. M
e  eve ed o hei elecing C
millu mili
y
 ibune wih conul
powe . Five colle
gue we e
dded, e viu
Co neliu M
lugineni, Quinu e viliu Fiden

ixh ime, Luciu
Quinciu Cincinn
u, Luciu Ho
iu Pulvillu,
nd Publiu V
le iu.
A he commencemen of he ye
he
enion of he people w
 d
wn

w
y f om he E u i
n w
, bec
ue
body of fugiive f om he
Pompine di ic, uddenly ene ing he ciy, b ough wo d h
 he
Ani
n we e up in
m;
nd h
 he 
e of he L
in p iv
ely
en hei youh o h
 w
, denying h
 he e w

ny public conce 
in i, hey
lleging h
 volunee  we e only no p evened f om
e ving in wh
eve u
e hey ple
ed. They h
d now ce
ed o depie

ny w
. Acco dingly he en
e eu ned h
n o he god, bec
ue
C
millu w
 in office; fo (hey new) h
 i would h
ve been
nece
y o nomin
e him dic
o , if he we e in
p iv
e 
ion. And
hi colle
gue
g eed h
 when
ny e o wih epec o w

h e
ened, he up eme di ecion of eve y hing hould be veed in one
m
n,
nd h
 hey h
d dee mined o conign hei
uho iy ino he
h
nd of C
millu;
nd h
 hey did no conide , h

ny conceion
hey hould m
e o he digniy of h
 m
n, de og
ed in
ny w
y f om
hei own. The  ibune h
ving been highly commended by he en
e,
C
millu himelf
lo, cove ed wih confuion, eu ned h
n. He hen

id h
 "
he
vy bu den w
 l
id on him by he Rom
n people, by hei
h
ving now nomin
ed him dic
o fo he fou h ime;
g e
 one by
he en
e, by e
on of uch fl
e ing judgmen of h
 houe
conce ning him; he g e
e of
ll, howeve , by he condecenion of
uch diinguihed colle
gue. Whe e if
ny
ddiion could be m
de o
hi diligence
nd vigil
nce, h
, vying wih himelf, he would  ive
o ende he opinion of he 
e, [exp eed] wih uch un
nimiy
eg
ding him,
 pe m
nen
 i w
 mo honou
ble." In efe ence o
he w

nd o he people of Anium, h
 he e w
 mo e of h e

he e h
n of d
nge ; h
 he, howeve , would
dvie h
,
 hey
hould fe
nohing, o hould hey depie nohing. Th
 he ciy of
Rome w
 bee by he ill-will
nd h
 ed of i neighbou : he efo e

h
 he commonwe
lh hould be m
in
ined by
plu
liy, boh of
gene
l
nd of
mie. "I i my wih," 
id he, "h
 you, Publiu
V
le iu,
 my
oci
e in comm
nd
nd counel, hould le
d he  oop
wih me
g
in he enemy
 Anium; h
 you, Quinu e viliu,
fe

iing
nd euipping
nohe
my, h
ll enc
mp in he ciy, e
dy o

c, whehe E u i
,
 l
ely, o hee new c
ue of
nxiey, he
L
in
nd He nici
n, hould bei hemelve. I deem i
 ce 
in
h
 you will conduc m
e ,
 i wo hy of you f
he
nd
g
ndf
he ,
nd of you elf
nd ix  ibunehip. Le
hi d
my be

ied by Luciu Quinciu, ou of hoe excued f om e vice
nd he
enio , [hoe p
 he mili
y
ge,] who m
y p oec he ciy
nd he
w
ll. Le Luciu Ho
iu p ovide
m, we
pon, co n,
nd wh
eve he
ohe exigencie of he w
h
ll dem
nd. You, e viu Co neliu, we
you colle
gue
ppoin he p eiden of hi council of he 
e, he
gu
di
n of eligion, of he
emblie, of he l
w,
nd of
ll m
e 
pe 
ining o he ciy." All chee fully p omiing hei umo
ende
vou  in he dich
ge of hei
ppo ioned office, V
le iu,
choen
 hi
oci
e in comm
nd,
dded, "h
 M
cu Fu iu hould be
conide ed by him
 dic
o ,
nd h
 he would
c
 m
e of he
ho e o him. Whe efo e, h
 hey hould ene 
in hope eg
ding he
w
, p opo ioned o he opinion hey fo med of hei ole comm
nde ."
The en
e, el
ed wih joy, c y ou, h
 "hey ene 
ined good hope,
boh eg
ding w
,
nd pe
ce,
nd he epublic in gene
l;
nd h
 he
epublic would neve h
ve need of
dic
o , if i we e o h
ve uch
men in office, unied ogehe in uch h
mony of enimen, p ep
ed

lie o obey
nd o comm
nd,
nd who we e l
ying up p
ie
 common
oc,
he h
n 
ing i f om he common fund o hemelve
individu
lly."
7. A upenion of civil buine being p ocl
imed,
nd
levy being
held, Fu iu
nd V
le iu e ou o 
 icum; o which pl
ce he
Ani
n h
d d
wn ogehe no only he youh of he Volci
n, eleced
ou of he new gene
ion, bu immene numbe  of he L
in
nd
He nici
n, ou of 
e which by
long [enjoymen of] pe
ce we e in
he mo unimp
i ed condiion. The new enemy hen
dded o he old hoo
he pi i of he Rom
n oldie . When he cenu ion epo ed hi o
C
millu, whil fo ming hi line of b
le, h
 "he mind of he
oldie  we e diu bed, h

m we e 
en up by hem wih
b
cw
dne,
nd h
 hey lef he c
mp wih hei
ion
nd
eluc
nce; n
y, h
 ome exp eion we e he
d, h
 hey hould e
ch
h
ve o figh wih one hund ed enemie,
nd h
 uch numbe , even if
un
med, much le when fu nihed wih
m, could wih difficuly be
wihood," he le
ped on hi ho e,
nd in f on of he  oop, u ning
o he line,
nd iding beween he
n, "Wh
 dejecion of mind i
hi, oldie , wh
 b
cw
dne? I i wih he enemy, o me, o
you elve you
e un
cu
ined? Wh
 ele
e he enemy, bu he
con
n ubjec of you b
ve y
nd you glo y? on he ohe h
nd, wih
me
 you gene
l, o 
y nohing of he 
ing of F
le ii
nd Veii,
you h
ve l
ely celeb
ed
 iple  iumph fo
h ee-fold vico y
ove hee elf-
me Volci
n
nd u
n,
nd E u i
. Do you no
ecognie me
 you gene
l, bec
ue I g
ve you he ign
l, no

dic
o , bu
  ibune? I neihe feel he w
n of he highe

uho iy ove you,

nd you hould loo o nohing in me bu myelf; fo
he dic
o hip neihe
dded o my cou
ge,
ny mo e h
n exile oo
i f om me. We
e
ll he efo e he 
me individu
l;
nd
 we b ing
o hi w
he 
me euiie
 we b ough o fo me w
, le u
loo fo he 
me eul of he w
. A oon
 you commence he figh,
e
ch will do h
 which he h
 le
ned
nd been
ccuomed o do. You
will conue , hey will un."

8. Then h
ving given he ign
l, he le
p f om hi ho e,
nd eizing
he 
nd
d-be
e who w
 nex him by he h
nd, he hu ie him on wih
him
g
in he enemy, c
lling
loud, "oldie ,
dv
nce he 
nd
d."
And when hey 
w C
millu himelf, now di
bled h ough
ge fo bodily
exe ion,
dv
ncing
g
in he enemy, hey
ll uh fo w
d ogehe ,
h
ving
ied
hou, e
ch e
ge ly c ying ou, "Follow he gene
l."
They 
y fu he h
 he 
nd
d w
 h own ino he enemy' line by
o de of C
millu,
nd h
 he v
n w
 hen exe ed o ecove i. Th

he e fi  he Ani
n we e fo ced o give w
y,
nd h
 he p
nic
p e
d no only o he fi  line, bu o he ee ve  oop
lo. No
w
 i me ely he
dou of he oldie 
nim
ed by he p eence of
hei gene
l h
 m
de hi imp eion, bu bec
ue nohing w
 mo e
e ible o he mind of he Volci
n, h
n he igh of C
millu which
h
ppened o p een ielf. Thu, in wh
eve di ecion he wen, he
c
ied ce 
in vico y wih him. Thi w
 p
icul
ly eviden, when,
h
ily mouning hi ho e, he ode wih
foom
n' hield o he lef
wing, which w

lmo giving w
y, by he f
c of howing himelf he
eo ed he b
le, poining ou he e of he line g
ining he
vico y. Now he eul w
 decided, bu he fligh of he enemy w

impeded by hei g e
 numbe ,
nd he we
ied oldie  would h
ve h
d
ediou wo  in puing o g e

numbe o he wo d, when
in
uddenly f
lling wih
violen o m, pu
n end o he pu ui of he
vico y which w
 now decided,
he h
n o he b
le. Then he
ign
l fo e e
 being given, he f
ll of nigh pu
n end o he w
,
wihou fu he  ouble o he Rom
n. Fo he L
in
nd He nici
n,
h
ving
b
ndoned he Volci
n, m
ched o hei home, h
ving

ined
eul co eponding o hei wiced me
u e. The Volci
n, when hey

w hemelve dee ed by hoe h ough eli
nce on whom hey h
d
eumed hoiliie,
b
ndoned hei c
mp,
nd hu hemelve up wihin
he w
ll of 
 icum. C
millu
 fi  p ep
ed o u ound hem by
line of ci cumv
ll
ion,
nd o p oecue he iege by
mound
nd
ohe wo . Bu eeing h
 hi w
 ob uced by no 
lly f om he
own,
nd conide ing h
 he enemy poeed oo lile pi i fo him
o w
i in ediou expec
ion of vico y unde he ci cum
nce,
fe
exho ing hi oldie  no o w
e hemelve by ediou l
bou ,

[hey h
d done] when beieging Veii, h
 he vico y w
 in hei
h
nd, he

ced he w
ll on eve y ide,
mid he g e

l
c iy of
he oldie ,
nd oo he own by c
l
de. The Volci
n, h
ving h own
down hei
m, u ende ed hemelve.
9. Bu he gene
l' hough we e fixed on
highe objec, on Anium:
[he new] h
 h
 w
 he g e

im of he Volci
n,
nd m
in ou ce
of he l
e w
. Bu bec
ue o  ong
ciy could no be 
en wihou
g e
 p ep

ion, engine
nd m
chine, le
ving hi colle
gue wih he

my, he e ou fo Rome, in o de o

dvie he en
e o h
ve Anium
de oyed. In he middle of hi dicou e, (I uppoe h
 i w
 he
wih of he god h
 he 
e of Anium hould l

longe ime,)

mb

do  c
me f om Nepee
nd u ium, oliciing
id
g
in he
E u i
n, u ging h
 he ime fo giving hem
id would oon p
 by.
Thihe did fo une
ve  he fo ce of C
millu f om Anium; fo

hoe pl
ce we e iu
e oppoie E u i
,
nd we e b
ie  o g
e

 i we e on h
 ide, boh hey h
d
wih o ge poeion of hem,
wheneve hey medi
ed
ny new ene p ie,
nd he Rom
n o ecove

nd ecu e hem. Whe efo e he en

e eolved o  e
 wih C
millu,
h
 he would elinuih Anium
nd unde 
e he E u i
n w
. The ciy
 oop, which Quinciu h
d comm
nded,
e dec eed o him. Though he
would h
ve p efe ed he
my which w
 in he Volci
n e io y,

being  ied
nd
ccuomed o him, he m
de no objecion: he only
dem
nded V
le iu
 hi
oci
e in comm
nd. Quinciu
nd Ho
iu
we e en
g
in he Volci
n,
 ucceo  o V
le iu. Fu iu
nd

V
le iu, h
ving e ou f om he ciy o u ium, found one p
 of he
own
l e
dy 
en by he E u i
n,
nd on he ohe p
, he

pp o
che o which we e b
ic
ded, he ownmen wih difficuly
epelling he

ul of he enemy. Boh he
pp o
ch of
id f om Rome,


lo he n
me of C
millu, unive 
lly epeced boh wih he enemy

nd he
llie, u
ined hei oe ing 
e fo he p een,
nd

ffo ded ime fo b inging hem elief. Acco dingly C

millu, h
ving
divided hi
my, o de  hi colle
gue o le
d ound hi  oop o h

ide which he enemy
l e
dy poeed,
nd o

ul he w
ll; no o
much f om
ny hope h
 he ciy could be 
en by c
l
de,
 h
, by
u ning
w
y he enemy'
enion o h
 u
e , boh he ownmen
who we e we
ied wih fighing migh h
ve ome el
x
ion of hei oil,

nd h
 he himelf migh h
ve
n oppo uniy of ene ing he ciy
wihou
cone. Thi h
ving been done on boh ide,
nd he double
e o now u ounding he E u i
n, when hey 
w h
 he w
ll we e


iled wih he umo fu y,
nd h
 he enemy we e wihin he w
ll,
hey h ew hemelve ou in cone n
ion, in one body, by
g
e which

lone h
ppened no o be gu
ded. G e
 l
ughe w
 m
de on hem

hey fled, boh in he ciy
nd h ough he field. The g e
e numbe
we e l
in wihin he w
ll by Fu iu' oldie : hoe of V
le iu we e
mo e
le  fo he pu ui; no did hey pu
n end o he l
ughe
unil nigh, which p evened hem f om eeing. u ium being ecove ed

nd eo ed o he
llie, he
my w
 led o Nepee, which h
ving
been eceived by c
piul
ion, w
 now eni ely in he poeion of he
E u i
n.
10. I
ppe
ed p ob
ble, h
 he e would be mo e of l
bou in
ecove ing he ciy, no only fo hi e
on, bec
ue i w

ll in
poeion of he enemy, bu
lo bec
ue he u ende h
d been m
de in
coneuence of
p
y of he Nepeini
n h
ving be
yed he 
e. I
w
 dee mined, howeve , h

me
ge hould be en o hei le
ding
men, o ep

e hemelve f om he E u i
n,
nd h
 hey hemelve
hould evince h
  ic fideliy, which hey h
d implo ed f om he
Rom
n. Whence
 oon

n
nwe w
 b ough h
 he e w
 nohing
in hei powe , h
 he E u i
n occupied he w
ll
nd he gu
d of
he g
e, fi , e o w
  uc ino he ownmen by l
ying w
e
hei l
nd; hen, when he f
ih of he c
piul
ion w
 mo e
eligiouly obe ved h
n h
 of he
lli
nce, he
my w
 led up o
he w
ll wih f
cine of buhe colleced f om he field,
nd he
diche being filled, he c
ling l
dde  we e
ied,
nd he own w


en
 he fi  hou
nd

c. P ocl
m
ion w
 hen m
de o he
Nepeini
n, h
 hey hould l
y down hei
m,
nd o de  we e given
h
 he un
med hould be p
ed. The E u i
n,
med
nd un
med,
we e pu o he wo d wihou diincion: of he Nepeini
n
lo he

uho  of he u ende we e behe

ded. To he unoffending muliude
hei p ope y w
 eo ed,
nd he own w
 lef wih
g
ion. Thu
h
ving ecove ed wo
llied ciie f om he enemy, he  ibune m
ched
b
c hei vico iou
my o Rome. Du ing he 
me ye
eiuion w

dem
nded f om he L
in
nd He nici
n,
nd he c
ue w

ed why
hey h
d no du ing ome ye
 upplied oldie 
cco ding o
ipul
ion. An
nwe w
 given in
full
embly of boh n
ion,
"h
 neihe he bl
me w
 public, no w
 he e
ny deign in he
ci cum
nce of ome of hei youh h
ving e ved
mong he Volci
n.
Th
 hee individu
l, howeve , uffe ed he pen
ly of hei imp ope
conduc,
nd h
 none of hem h
d eu ned. Bu h
 he c
ue of hei
no upplying he oldie  h
d been hei coninu
l e o f om he
Volci
n, which pe
dhe ing o hei ide, h
d no been c
p
ble of
being de oyed by o m
ny ucceive w
." Which
nwe being epo ed
o he en
e, hey decided h
 he e w
 w
ning
he
e
on
ble
ime fo decl
ing w
h
n ufficien g ound fo i.

11. In he following ye

, Aulu M
nliu, Publiu Co neliu, Tiu
nd
Luciu Quinii C
piolini, Luciu P
pi iu Cu o
econd ime, C
iu
e giu
econd ime, being mili
y  ibune wih conul
powe ,

g ievou w
b oe ou
b o
d,
ill mo e g ievou diu b
nce

home; he w
o igin
ed on he p
 of he Volci
n, o which w


dded
evol of he L
in
nd He nici
n; he ediion f om one f om
whom i could be le
 of
ll
pp ehended,
m
n of p
 ici
n bi h
nd
diinguihed ch

ce , M
cu M
nliu C
piolinu; who being oo

pi ing in mind, whil he depied he ohe le

ding men, envied one,
who w
 peculi
ly diinguihed boh by honou 
nd by me i, M
cu
Fu iu: he bec
me indign
n h
 he hould be he only m
n
mong he
m
gi
e; he only m
n
 he he
d of he
mie; h
 he now


ined uch eminence h
 he  e
ed no
 colle
gue bu
 me e
ool he pe on eleced unde he 
me
upice; hough, in he me
n
ime, if
ny one would fo m
ju eim
e, hi coun y could no h
ve
been ecove ed by M
cu Fu iu f om he iege of he enemy, h
d no he
C
piol
nd ci
del been fi  p ee ved by him;
nd he ohe

ced
he G
ul, whil hei
enion w
 di
ced beween eceiving he
gold
nd he hope of pe
ce, when he himelf d ove hem off when
med

nd 
ing he ci
del; of he ohe ' glo y,
m
n' h
e
ppe 
ined
o
ll he oldie  who conue ed
long wih him; h
 in hi vico y no
m
n living w

h
e . Hi mind puffed by hee noion,
nd mo eove ,
f om
vicioune of dipoiion being vehemen
nd he
d ong, when he
pe ceived h
 hi influence
mong he p
 ici
n did no 
nd fo h

p ominen
 he hough i hould, he, he fi  of
ll he p
 ici
n,
bec
me
plebei
n p
i
n,
nd fo med pl
n in conjuncion wih he
plebei
n m
gi
e;
nd by c imin
ing he f
he ,
nd
llu ing he
common o hi ide, he now c
me o be c
ied
long by he ide of
popul

ppl
ue, no by p udence,
nd p efe ed o be of
g e
,

he h
n of
good ch

ce :
nd no conen wih
g
i
n l
w,
which h
d eve e ved he  ibune of he common
 m
e i
l fo
diu b
nce, he now beg
n o unde mine public c edi; fo [he well
new] "h
 he incenive of deb we e h
pe ,
 no only h e
ening
pove y
nd ignominy, bu inimid
ed pe on
l libe y wih oc
nd
ch
in." And he
moun of he deb w
 immene, con
ced by building,

ci cum
nce mo de ucive even o he ich. The Volci
n w

he efo e, he
vy in ielf, ch
ged wih
ddiion
l weigh by he
defecion of he L
in
nd He nici
n, w
 held ou

colou
ble
p eex, fo h
ving
highe
uho iy eo ed o. Bu i w

he
he efo ming pl
n h
 d ove he en
e o c e
e
dic
o . Aulu
Co neliu Cou h
ving been eleced dic
o , nomin
ed Tiu Quinciu
C
piolinu hi m
e of he ho e.
12. The dic
o , hough he pe ceived h

g e
e  uggle w

ee ved fo him
 home h
n
b o
d; ill, eihe bec
ue he e w

need of dep
ch fo he w
, o uppoing h
 by
vico y
nd

 iumph he hould
dd o he powe  of he dic
o hip ielf, held

levee
nd p oceed ino he Pompine e io y, whe e he h
d he
d h

he Volci
n h
d
ppoined hei
my o
emble. I doub no bu
h
, in
ddiion o 
iey, o pe on e
ding of o m
ny w
 w
ged
wih he Volci
n, hi 
me ci cum
nce will ugge ielf, which
ofen e ved

n occ
ion of u p ie o me when pe uing he w ie 
who lived ne
e o he ime of hee occu ence, f om wh
 ou ce he
Volci
n
nd u
n, o ofen v
nuihed, could h
ve p ocu ed upplie
of oldie . And
 hi h
 been unnoiced
nd p
ed ove in ilence
by
ncien w ie ; on which m
e wh
 c
n I 
e, excep me e
opinion, which eve y one m
y f om hi own conjecu e fo m fo himelf?
I eem p ob
ble, eihe h
 hey employed,
 i now p
cied in he
Rom
n levie, ucceive gene
ion of hei young men one
fe he

ohe , du ing he ine v

l beween he w
; o h
 he
mie we e
no
lw
y ec uied ou of he 
me 
e, hough he 
me n
ion m
y
h
ve m
de w
; o h
 he e w

n innume
ble muliude of f ee-men in
hoe pl
ce, which,
 he p een d
y, Rom
n l
ve 
ve f om being

dee ,
c
ny emin
y of oldie  being c
cely lef. Ce 
in i
i, (
 i
g eed upon
mong
ll
uho ,)
lhough hei powe w
 ve y
much imp
i ed unde he guid
nce
nd
upice of C
millu, he fo ce of
he Volci
n we e  ong: beide, he L
in
nd He nici
n h
d been

dded,
nd ome of he Ci cei
n,
nd ome Rom
n coloni
lo f om
Veli . The dic
o , h
ving piched hi c
mp on h
 d
y,
nd on
coming fo h on he d
y following
fe 
ing he
upice,
nd h
ving,
by 
c ificing
vicim, implo ed he f
vou of he god, wih joyful
counen
nce p eened himelf o he oldie , who we e now 
ing
m

 d
y-b e
,
cco ding o o de , on he ign
l fo b
le being
dipl
yed. "oldie ," 
y he, "he vico y i ou , if he god
nd
hei p ophe ee
ugh ino fuu iy. Acco dingly,
 i become men
full of well-g ounded hope,
nd who
e
bou o eng
ge wih hei
infe io , le u pl
ce ou pe

 ou fee,
nd
m ou igh h
nd
only wih ou wo d. I would no even wih h

ny hould puh fo w
d
beyond he line; bu h
, 
nding fi m, you eceive he enemy' ch
ge
in
e
dy pou e. When hey h
ll h
ve dich
ged hei ineffecive
miive,
nd, b e
ing hei
n, hey h
ll uh on you
 you 
nd
fi m, hen le you wo d glie ,
nd le e
ch m
n ecollec, h

he e
e god who
id he Rom
n; hoe god, who h
ve en u ino
b
le wih f
vou
ble omen. Do you, Tiu Quinciu, eep b
c he
c
v
l y,
enively obe ving he ve y commencemen of he cone;

oon
 you obe ve he
mie cloed foo o foo, hen, whil hey

e 
en up wih
nohe p
nic,  ie e o ino hem wih you
c
v
l y,
nd by m
ing
ch
ge on hem, dipe e he
n of hoe
eng
ged in he figh." The c
v
l y, he inf
n y conduc he figh, ju

 he h
d o de ed hem. No did eihe he gene
l di
ppoin he
legion, no fo une he gene
l.
13. The
my of he enemy, elying on nohing bu on hei numbe ,
nd
me
u ing boh
mie me ely by he eye, ene ed on he b
le
inconide
ely,
nd inconide
ely g
ve i ove : fie ce only in hei
hou
nd wih hei miive we
pon,
nd
 he fi  one of he
figh, hey we e un
ble o wih
nd he wo d,
nd he cloe
eng
gemen foo o foo,
nd he loo of he enemy, d
ing fi e
h ough hei
dou fo he figh. Thei f on line w
 d iven in,
nd
confuion p e
d o he ee ve  oop,
nd he c
v
l y occ
ioned
l
m
on hei p
: he
n we e hen b oen in m
ny pl
ce, eve y hing
w
 e in moion,
nd he line eemed
 i we e flucu
ing. Then
when, he fo emo h
ving f
llen, e
ch 
w h
 de
h w

bou o e
ch
himelf, hey u n hei b
c. The Rom
n followed cloe on hem;
nd

long
 hey wen off
med
nd in bodie, he l
bou in he pu ui
fell o he inf
n y; when i w
 obe ved h
 hei
m we e h own

w
y in eve y di ecion,
nd h
 he enemy' line w
 c
e ed in
fligh h ough he coun y; hen u
d on of ho e we e en ou,
inim
ion being given h
 hey hould no, by loing ime wih he
m

c e of individu
l,
ffo d
n oppo uniy in he me
n ime o he
muliude o ec
pe: i would be ufficien h
 hei peed hould be
e
ded by miive we
pon
nd by e o ,
nd h
 he p og e of
hei fo ce hould be de
ined by i mihing, unil he inf
n y
hould be
ble o ove 
e
nd dep
ch he enemy by egul
l
ughe .
The e w
 no end of he fligh
nd l
ughe befo e nigh; on he 
me
d
y he c
mp of he Volci
n w
 
en
lo
nd pill
ged,
nd
ll he
plunde , 
ve he pe on of f ee condiion, w
 given up o he
oldie . The g e
e p
 of he p ione  conied of L
in
nd
He nici
n,
nd hee no men of plebei
n
n, o h
 i could be

uppoed h
 hey h
d e ved fo hi e, bu ome young men of
n we e
found
mong hem:
n eviden p oof h
 he Volci
n enemie h
d been

ided by public
uho iy. ome of he Ci cei
n
lo we e ecognied,

nd coloni f om Veli ;
nd being
ll en o Rome, on being
ine og
ed by he le
ding en
o , pl
inly eve
led he 
me
ci cum
nce
 hey h
d done o he dic
o , he defecion e
ch of
hi epecive 
e.
14. The dic
o ep hi
my in he 
nding c
mp, no

ll doubing
h
 he en
e would o de w
wih hee 
e; when
mo e momenou
difficuly h
ving occu ed
 home, ende ed i nece
y h
 he hould
be en fo o Rome, he ediion g
ining  engh eve y d
y, which he
fomene w
 now ende ing mo e h
n o din
ily fo mid
ble. Fo now i
w
 e
y o ee f om wh
 moive p oceeded no only he dicou e of
M
nliu, bu hi
cion
lo,
pp
enly uggeed by popul
ze
l, bu

 he 
me ime ending o c e
e diu b
nce. When he 
w
cenu ion,
illu iou fo hi mili
y exploi, le
ding off o p ion by e
on
of
judgmen fo deb, he
n up wih hi
end
n in he middle of
he fo um
nd l
id h
nd on him;
nd excl
iming
loud
g
in he
inolence of he p
 ici
n, he c uely of he uu e ,
nd he
g iev
nce of he common,
nd he dee 
nd mifo une of he m
n.
"Then indeed," 
id he, "in v
in h
ve I p ee ved he C
piol
nd
ci
del by hi igh h
nd, if I
m o ee my fellow-ciizen
nd
fellow-oldie ,
 if c
pu ed by he vico iou G
ul, d
gged ino
l
ve y
nd ch
in." He hen p
id he deb o he c edio openly befo e
he people,
nd h
ving pu ch
ed hi f eedom wih he c
le
nd b
,
he e he m
n
 libe y, whil he l
e implo ed boh god
nd
men, h
 hey would g
n
ecompence o M
cu M
nliu, hi
libe
o , he p
en of he Rom
n common;
nd being immedi
ely
eceived ino he umuluou c owd, he himelf
lo inc e
ed he
umul, dipl
ying he c
 eceived in he Veieni
n, G
llic,
nd
ohe ucceeding w
: "h
 he, whil e ving in he field,
nd
ebuilding hi dwelling which h
d been demolihed, hough he h
d p
id
off he p incip
l m
ny ime ove , he ine e
lw
y eeping down he
p incip
l, h
d been ove whelmed wih ine e: h
 h ough he ind
ine fe ence of M
cu M
nliu, he now beheld he ligh, he fo um,
nd
he f
ce of hi fellow-ciizen: h
 he eceived f om him
ll he ind
e vice uu
lly confe ed by p
en; h
 o him he efo e he devoed
wh
eve em
ined of hi pe on, of hi life,
nd of hi blood; wh
eve
ie ubied beween him
nd hi coun y, public
nd p iv
e gu
di
n
deiie, we e
ll cen ed in h
 one m
n." When he common, wo ed
upon by hee exp eion, we e now wholly in he ine e of he one
individu
l,
nohe ci cum
nce w

dded, em
n
ing f om
cheme
ill mo e effecu
lly c
lcul
ed o c e
e gene
l confuion. A f
m in
he Veieni
n e io y, he p incip
l p
 of hi e
e, he ubjeced
o public 
le: "h
 I m
y no," 
y he, "uffe
ny of you, Rom
n,

 long

ny of my p ope y h
ll em
in, o be d
gged off o p ion,

fe judgmen h
 been given
g
in him,
nd he h
 been conigned o

c edio ." Th
 ci cum
nce, indeed, o infl
med hei mind, h

hey eemed dee mined on following he
e o of hei f eedom
h ough eve y hing, igh
nd w ong. Beide hi, peeche [we e m
de]

 hi houe,
 if he we e delive ing
n h

ngue, full of impu
ion

g
in he p
 ici
n;
mong which he h ew ou, w
ving
ll diincion
whehe he 
id wh
 w
  ue o f
le, h
  e
u e of he G
llic
gold we e conce
led by he p
 ici
n; h
 "hey we e now no longe
conen wih poeing he public l
nd, unle hey
pp op i
ed he
public money
lo; if h
 we e m
de public, h
 he common migh be
f eed f om hei deb." When hi hope w
 p eened o hem, hen
indeed i eemed
c
nd
lou p oceeding, h
 when gold w
 o be
con ibued o
nom he 
e f om he G
ul, he collecion w
 m
de

by
public  ibue; h
 he 
me gold, when 
en f om he G
ul, h
d
become he plunde of
few. Acco dingly hey followed up he inui y,
whe e he fu ive poeion of o eno mou
 e
u e could be ep;

nd when he defe ed,

nd old hem h
 he would info m hem
 he
p ope ime,
ll ohe objec being given up, he
enion of
ll w

di eced o hi poin;
nd i bec
me eviden h
 neihe hei
g
iude, if he info m
ion we e  ue, no hei diple
u e if i
p oved f
le, would now
ny bound.
15. M
e  being in hi 
e, he dic
o , being ummoned home f om
he
my, c
me ino he ciy. A meeing of he en
e being held on he
following d
y, when, h
ving ufficienly ounded he inclin
ion of he
people, he fo b
de he en
e o le
ve him,
ended by h
 body, he
pl
ced hi h one in he comiium,
nd en hi e ge
n o M
cu
M
nliu; who on being ummoned by he dic
o ' o de ,
fe he h
d
given inim
ion o hi p
y h

cone w

 h
nd, c
me o he
 ibun
l,
ended by
nume ou p
y. On he one ide ood he
en
e, on he ohe he people
 if in b
le-

y,
enively
obe ving, e
ch p
y, hei epecive le
de . Then ilence being m
de,
he dic
o 
id, "I wih h
 I
nd he Rom
n p
 ici
n m
y
g ee
wih he common on
ll ohe m
e ,
 I
m confiden we h
ll
g ee
on he buine which eg
d you,
nd on h

bou which I
m
bou o
ine og
e you. I pe ceive h
 hope h
ve been
ied by you in he
mind of he ciizen, h
, wih 
fey o he public c edi, hei
deb m
y be p
id off ou of he G
llic  e
u e, which i i
lleged
he le
ding p
 ici
n
e ec eing. To which p oceeding o f

m I
f om being
ny ob ucion, h
 on he con
y, M
cu M
nliu, I
exho  you o f ee he Rom
n common f om he weigh of ine e;
nd o
umble f om hei ec eed poil, hoe who lie now b ooding on hoe
public  e
u e. If you efue o do hi, whehe bec
ue you you elf
dei e o be
h
e in he poil, o bec
ue he info m
ion i
unfounded, I h
ll o de you o be c
ied off o p ion, no will I
ny
longe uffe he muliude o be diuieed by you wih deluive
hope." To hi M
nliu eplied, "Th
 i h
d no ec
ped him, h
 i
w
 no
g
in he Volci
n, who we e enemie
 ofen
 i uied
he ine e of he p
 ici
n, no
g
in he L
in
nd He nici
n,
whom hey we e d iving ino hoiliie by f
le ch
ge, bu
g
in
him
nd he Rom
n common, h
 he w

ppoined dic
o . Now he w

being d opped, which w
 only feigned, h

n

c w
 being m
de

g
in himelf; h
 he dic
o now p ofeed o defend he uu e 

g
in he common; h
 now
ch
ge
nd de ucion w
 ough fo
him ou of he f
vou of he muliude. Doe he c owd h
 u ound my
pe on offend you," 
id he, "Aulu Co neliu,
nd you, conc ip
f
he ? Why hen do you no d
w i
w
y f om me, e
ch of you by you
own
c of indne? by becoming u ey, by delive ing you
fellow-ciizen f om he oc, by p evening hoe c
 in l
w-ui,

nd
igned ove o hei c edio , f om being d
gged
w
y o p ion,
by u
ining he neceiie of ohe  ou of you own upe fluiie?
Bu why do I exho  you o expend ou of you own p ope y? Fix ome
c
pi
l; deduc f om he p incip
l wh
 h
 been p
id in ine e; oon
will my c owd no be
whi mo e em

ble h
n h
 of
ny ohe
pe on. Bu [I m
y be
ed] why do I
lone hu ine e myelf in
beh
lf of my fellow-ciizen? I h
ve no ohe
nwe o give, h
n if
you we e o
 me, why in he 
me w
y did I
lone p ee ve he C
piol

nd he ci
del. Boh hen I
ffo ded he
id which I could o
ll
collecively,
nd now I will
ffo d i o e
ch individu
lly. Now wih
epec o he G
llic  e
u e, he mode of ine og
ion ende 
difficul
m
e which in ielf i e
y. Fo why do you
 h

which you now? why do you o de h
 which i in you own l
p o be
h
en ou of hem
he h
n eign i, unle ome f
ud lu 

bene
h? The mo e you eui e you own impoiion o be ex
mined ino,
he mo e do I d e
d le you hould blind he eye of hoe n
owly
w
ching you. Whe efo e, i i no I h

m o be compelled o dicove
you ho
d, bu you mu be fo ced o p oduce i o he public."
16. When he dic
o o de ed him o l
y
ide ev
ion,
nd u ged him o
p ove he  uh of hi info m
ion, o o own he guil of h
ving

dv
nced
f
le
ccu
ion
g
in he en
e,
nd of h
ving expoed
hem o he odium of
lying ch
ge of conce
lmen; when he efued o
pe
, o mee he wihe of hi enemie, he o de ed him o be c
ied
off o p ion. When
eed by he e ge
n, he 
id, "O Jupie ,
up emely g e

nd good, impe i
l Juno,
nd Mine v
,
nd ye ohe god

nd goddee, who inh

bi he C
piol
nd ci
del, do ye uffe you
oldie
nd defende o be hu h

ed by hi enemie? h
ll hi
igh h
nd, by which I be
 off he G
ul f om you emple, be now in
bond
nd ch
in?" Neihe he eye no e
 of
ny one could well
endu e he indigniy [hu offe ed him], bu he 
e, mo p
ien of
legiim
e
uho iy, h
d ende ed ce 
in office
bolue o
hemelve; no did eihe he  ibune of he common, no he common
hemelve, d
e o
ie hei eye o ue
enence in oppoiion
o he dic
o i
l powe . On M
nliu being h own ino p ion, i

ppe
 h

g e
 p
 of he common pu on mou ning, h

g e

m
ny pe on h
d le hei h
i
nd be
d g ow,
nd h

dejeced
c owd p eened ielf
 he en
nce of he p ion. The dic
o
 iumphed ove he Volci
n;
nd h
  iumph w
 he occ
ion
he
of ill-will h
n of glo y. Fo hey mu mu ed h
 "i h
d been
cui ed

 home, no
b o
d,
nd h
 i w
 celeb
ed ove
ciizen, no ove

n enemy; h
 only one hing w
 w
ning o hi
og
nce, h
 M
nliu
w
 no led befo e hi c
." And now he
ff
i fell lile ho  of
ediion, fo he pu poe of
ppe
ing which, he en
e, wihou he
olici
ion of
ny one, uddenly becoming bouniful of hei own
f ee-will, dec eed h

colony of wo hou
nd Rom
n ciizen hould
be conduced o 
 icum; wo
c e
nd h
lf of l
nd we e
igned o
e
ch. And when hey conide ed hi, boh
 c
ny in ielf, confe ed
on
few,
nd

b ibe fo be
ying M
cu M
nliu, he ediion w

i i
ed by he emedy. And now he c owd of M
nliu' p
i
n w

become mo e em

ble, boh by hei u
lid
i e
nd by he

ppe

nce of pe on unde p oecuion,
nd e o being emoved by
he eign
ion of he dic
o hip,
fe he  iumph h
d e boh he
ongue
nd hough of men
 libe y.
17. Exp eion we e he efo e he
d f eely ue ed of pe on
upb
iding he muliude, h
 "by hei f
vou hey
lw
y
ied hei
defende  o
p ecipice, hen
 he ve y c iic
l momen of d
nge
hey fo oo hem. Th
 in hi w
y pu iu C
iu, when inviing he
common o
h
e in he l
nd, in hi w
y pu iu Mliu, when
w
ding off f
mine f om he mouh of hi fellow-ciizen
 hi own
expene, h
d been undone; hu M
cu M
nliu w
 be
yed o hi
enemie, whil d
wing fo h o libe y
nd ligh one h
lf of he

e, when un
nd ove whelmed wih uu y. Th
 he common f
ened
hei f
vou ie h
 hey migh be l
ughe ed. W
 hi punihmen o
be uffe ed, if
m
n of conul

n did no
nwe
 he nod of

dic
o ? uppoe h
 he h
d lied befo e,
nd h
 on h

ccoun he
h
d h
d no
nwe o m
e; wh
 l
ve w
 eve imp ioned in punihmen
of
lie? Did no he memo y of h
 nigh p een ielf, which w

well nigh he l

nd
n ee n
l one o he Rom
n n
me? no
ny ide
of
he b
nd of G
ul climbing up he T
pei
n oc? no h
 of M
cu
M
nliu himelf, uch
 hey h
d een him in
m, cove ed wih we


nd blood,
fe h
ving in
m
nne ecued Jupie himelf f om he
h
nd of he enemy? W

ecompence m
de o he p ee ve of hei

coun y wih hei h

lf pound of co n?
nd would hey uffe
pe on,
whom hey
lmo deified, whom hey h
d e on
fooing wih Jupie ,

 le
 wih epec o he u n
me of C
piolinu, o d
g ou
n
exience ubjec o he will of
n execuione , ch
ined in
p ion
nd
in d
ne? W
 he e hu ufficien
id in one pe on fo
ll;
nd no
elief fo one in o m
ny?" The c owd did no dipe e f om h
 pl
ce
even du ing he nigh,
nd hey h e
ened h
 hey would b e
 open
he p ion; when h
 being conceded which hey we e
bou o 
e by
fo ce, M
nliu w
 dich
ged f om p ion by
dec ee of he en
e; by
which p oceeding he ediion w
 no e min
ed, bu
le
de w

upplied o he ediion. Abou he 
me ime he L
in
nd He nici
n,


lo he coloni of Ci ceii
nd Veli , when  iving o cle

hemelve of he ch
ge [of being conce ned] in he Volci
n w
,
nd
dem
nding b
c he p ione , h
 hey m
y punih hem
cco ding o
hei own l
w, eceived
h
h
nwe ; he coloni he eve e ,
bec
ue being Rom
n ciizen hey h
d fo med he
bomin
ble deign of


cing hei own coun y. They we e he efo e no only efued wih
epec o he p ione , bu noice w
 given hem in he n
me of he
en
e, who howeve fo bo e f om uch
p oceeding in he c
e of he

llie, in
nly o dep
 f om he ciy, f om he p eence
nd igh
of he Rom
n people; le he l
w of emb
y, p ovided fo he
fo eigne , no fo he ciizen, hould
ffo d hem no p oecion.
18. The ediion excied by M
nliu e
uming i fo me violence, on
he expi
ion of he ye
he elecion w
 held,
nd mili
y  ibune
wih conul
powe we e eleced f om
mong he p
 ici
n; hey we e
e viu Co neliu M
lugineni
hi d ime, Publiu V
le iu Poiu

econd ime, M
cu Fu iu C
millu, e viu ulpiciu Rufu
econd
ime, C
iu P
pi iu C
u, Tiu Quinciu Cincinn
u
econd ime.
A he commencemen of which ye
pe
ce wih fo eign coun ie
ffo ded
eve y oppo uniy boh o he p
 ici
n
nd plebei
n: o he
plebei
n, bec
ue no being c
lled
w
y by
ny levy, hey conceived
hope of de oying uu y, whil hey h
d o influeni
l
le
de ; o
he p
 ici
n, bec
ue hei mind we e no c
lled
w
y by
ny exe n
l
e o f om elieving he evil exiing
 home. Acco dingly,
 boh
ide
oe much mo e  enuou hen eve , M
nliu
lo w
 p een fo
he
pp o
ching cone. H
ving ummoned he common o hi houe, he
hold conul
ion boh by nigh
nd d
y wih he le
ding men
mong
hem wih epec o effecing
evoluion of
ff
i , being filled
wih
much highe deg ee boh of pi i
nd of eenmen h
n he h
d
been befo e. The ecen ignominy h
d lighed up eenmen in
mind
unued o
ff on; i g
ve him
ddiion
l cou
ge, h
 he dic
o h
d
no venu ed o he 
me exen
g
in him,
 Quinciu Cincinn
u
h
d done in he c
e of pu iu Mliu,
nd bec
ue he dic
o h
d no
only ende
vou ed o
void he unpopul
iy of hi imp ionmen by

bdic
ing he dic
o hip, bu no even he en
e could be
up

g
in i. El
ed by hee conide
ion,
nd
 he 
me ime
ex
pe
ed, he e
bou infl
ming he mind of he common,
l e
dy
ufficienly he
ed of hemelve: "How long," 
y he, "will you be
igno
n of you own  engh, which n
u e h
 no wihed even he
b ue o be igno
n of? A le
 coun how m
ny you
e,
nd how m
ny
enemie you h
ve. Even if e
ch of you we e o

c
n individu
l

n
goni, ill I hould uppoe h
 you would  ive mo e vigo ouly
in defence of libe y, h
n hey in defence of y
nny. Fo
 m
ny of
you
 h
ve been clien
ound e
ch ingle p
 on, in he 
me numbe
will ye be
g
in
ingle enemy. Only m
e
how of w
; ye h
ll
h
ve pe
ce. Le hem ee you p ep
ed fo open fo ce; hey hemelve
will el
x hei p eenion. Collecively you mu
emp omehing,
o individu
lly ubmi o eve y hing. How long will you loo o me? I
fo my p
 will no be w
ning o
ny of you: do you ee h
 my

fo une f
il no. I, you
venge , when my enemie hough well of i,
w
 uddenly educed o nohing;
nd you
ll in
body beheld h

pe on h own ino ch
in, who h
d w
ded off ch
in f om e
ch one of
you. Wh

m I o hope, if my enemie
emp mo e
g
in me? Am I o
expec he f
e of C
iu
nd Mliu? You
ced indly in
ppe
ing
hoced
 i: he god will
ve  i: bu neve will hey come down
f om he
ven on my
ccoun: hey mu inpi e you wih
dee min
ion o

ve  i;
 hey inpi ed me, in
m
nd in pe
ce, o defend you f om
b
b
ou foe
nd y
nnic
l fellow-ciizen. I he pi i of o g e


people o me
n, h

id
g
in you
dve 
ie
lw
y 
ifie
you? And
e you no o now
ny cone
g
in he p
 ici
n, excep
how you m
y uffe hem o dominee ove you? No i hi impl
ned in
you by n
u e; bu you
e hei  by poeion. Fo why i i you be

uch pi i wih epec o fo eigne ,
 o hin i mee h
 you
hould ule ove hem? bec
ue you h
ve been
ccuomed o vie wih hem
fo empi e,
g
in hee o e
y libe y
he h
n o m
in
in i.
Neve hele, wh
oeve o  of le
de  you h
ve, wh
eve h
 been
you own conduc, ye h
ve up o hi c
ied eve y hing which ye h
ve
dem
nded, eihe by fo ce, o you own good fo une. I i now ime o

im
 ill highe objec. Only m
e  i
l boh of you own good
fo une,
nd of me, who h
ve been,
 I hope,
l e
dy  ied o you

dv
n
ge. Ye will wih le difficuly e up ome one o ule he
p
 ici
n, h
n ye h
ve e up pe on o ei hei ule.
Dic
o hip
nd conulhip mu be levelled o he g ound, h
 he
Rom
n common m
y be
ble o
ie hei he
d. Whe efo e 
nd by me,
p even judici
l p oceeding f om going on eg
ding money. I p ofe
myelf he p
 on of he common--
ile wih which my oliciude
nd
ze
l inve me. If you will dignify you le
de by
ny mo e
diinguihing ile of honou o comm
nd, ye will ende him ill mo e
powe ful o ob
in wh
 ye dei e." F om hi hi fi 
emp i 
id
o h
ve
ien wih epec o he ob
ining of eg
l powe ; bu no
ufficienly cle

ccoun i h
nded down, eihe wih whom [he
ced],
o how f
hi deign exended.
19. Bu, on he ohe ide, he en
e beg
n o delibe
e eg
ding he
eceion of he common ino
p iv
e houe,
nd h
,
 i o
h
ppened, iu
e in he ci
del,
nd eg
ding he g e
 d
nge h

w
 h e
ening libe y. G e
 numbe  c y ou, h

e viliu Ah
l

w
 w
ned, who would no i i
e
public enemy by o de ing him o be
led o p ion, bu would finih
n ineine w
wih he lo of one
ciizen. They c
me o
eoluion milde in e m, bu poeing he

me fo ce, h
 he m
gi
e hould ee h
 "he commonwe
lh
eceived no de imen f om he deign of M
cu M
nliu." Then he
conul
 ibune,
nd he  ibune of he common, (fo hee
lo h
d
ubmied o he
uho iy of he en
e, bec
ue hey 
w h
 he
e min
ion of hei own powe
nd of he libe y of
ll would be he

me,)
ll hee hen conul ogehe
 o wh
 w
 nece
y o be
done. When nohing uggeed ielf o he mind of
ny, excep violence

nd bloodhed,
nd i w
 eviden h
 h
 would be
ended wih g e

i; hen M
cu Mniu,
nd Quinu Publiliu,  ibune of he
common, 
y, "Why do we m
e h

cone beween he p
 ici
n
nd
common, which ough o be beween he 
e
nd one peilen ciizen?
Why do we

c, ogehe wih he common,
m
n whom i i 
fe o


c h ough he common hemelve, h
 he m
y f
ll ove powe ed by
hi own  engh? We h
ve i in conempl
ion o
ppoin
d
y of  i
l
fo him. Nohing i le popul
h
n eg
l powe ;
 oon
 he
muliude h
ll pe ceive h
 he cone i no wih hem,
nd h

f om
dvoc
e hey
e o be m
de judge,
nd h
ll behold he
p oecuo  f om
mong he common, he
ccued
p
 ici
n,
nd h

he ch
ge beween boh p
ie i h
 of
iming
 eg
l powe , hey

will f
vou no objec mo e h
n hei own libe y."
20. Wih he
pp ob
ion of
ll, hey
ppoin
d
y of  i
l fo
M
nliu. When hi oo pl
ce, he common we e
 fi  excied,
epeci
lly when hey 
w he
ccued in
mou ning h
bi,
nd wih him
no only none of he p
 ici
n, bu no even
ny of hi inmen o
el
ive, n
y, no even hi b ohe  Aulu
nd Tiu M
nliu;

ci cum
nce which h
d neve occu ed befo e, h

 o c iic
l

juncu e
m
n' ne
e f iend did no pu on mou ning. When Appiu
Cl
udiu w
 h own ino p ion [hey em
ed], h
 C
iu Cl
udiu,
who w

 enmiy wih him
nd he eni e Cl
udi
n f
mily,
ppe
ed in
mou ning; h
 hi f
vou ie of he people w

bou o be de oyed by

conpi
cy, bec
ue he w
 he fi  who h
d come ove f om he
p
 ici
n o he common. When he d
y
ived, I find in no
uho ,
wh

c we e
lleged by he p oecuo 
g
in he
ccued be
ing
p ope ly on he ch
ge of
pi ing o ingly powe , excep hi

embling he muliude,

nd hi ediiou exp eion
nd hi
l
gee,
nd p eended dicove y; no h
ve I
ny doub h
 hey we e
by no me
n unimpo 
n,
 he people' del
y in condemning him w

occ
ioned no by he me i of he c
ue, bu by he pl
ce of  i
l.
Thi eem dee ving of noice, h
 men m
y now wh
 g e

nd
glo iou
chievemen hi dep
ved
mbiion of eg
l powe ende ed no
only be ef of
ll me i, bu
boluely h
eful. He i 
id o h
ve
b ough fo w
d ne
fou hund ed pe on o whom he h
d len money
wihou ine e, whoe good he h
d p evened f om being old, whom he
h
d p evened f om being c
ied off o p ion
fe being
djudged o
hei c edio . Beide hi, h
 he no only enume
ed
lo hi
mili
y ew
d, bu
lo p oduced hem o view; poil of enemie
l
in up o hi y; p een f om gene
l o he numbe of fo y; in
which he mo em

ble we e wo mu
l c own
nd eigh civic. In

ddiion o hi, h
 he b ough fo w
d ciizen 
ved f om he enemy,

mong whom w
 menioned C
iu e viliu, when m
e of he ho e,
now
ben. Then
fe he h
d ecouned hi exploi in w
, in pompou
l
ngu
ge ui
ble o he digniy of he ubjec, eu
lling hi
cion
by hi elouence, he b
ed hi b e
 m
ed wih c
 eceived in
b
le:
nd now
nd hen, di ecing hi eye o he C
piol, he c
lled
down Jupie
nd he ohe god o
id him in hi p een lo;
nd he
p
yed, h
 he 
me enimen wih which hey h
d inpi ed him when
p oecing he fo  e of he C
piol, fo he p ee v
ion of he
Rom
n people, hey would now inpi e he Rom
n people wih in hi
c iic
l iu
ion:
nd he en e
ed hem ingly
nd collecively, h

hey would fo m hei judgmen of him wih hei eye fixed on he
C
piol
nd ci
del
nd hei f
ce u ned o he immo 
l god. A he
people we e ummoned by cenu ie in he field of M
,
nd
 he

ccued, exending hi h

nd ow
d he C
piol, di eced hi p
ye 
f om men o he god; i bec
me eviden o he  ibune, h
 unle
hey emoved he eye of men
lo f om he memo y of o g e

n
exploi, he be founded ch
ge would find no pl
ce in mind
p ejudiced by e vice. Thu he d
y of  i
l being
djou ned,
meeing
of he people w
 ummoned in he Peline g ove ouide he Nomen
n
g
e, f om whence he e w
 no view of he C
piol; he e he ch
ge w

m
de good,
nd hei mind being now unmoved [by
dveniiou
ci cum
nce],
f

l enence,
nd one which excied ho o even in
hi judge, w
 p
ed on him. The e
e ome who 
e h
 he w

condemned by duumvi 
ppoined o inui e conce ning c
e of  e
on.
The  ibune c
 him down f om he T
pei
n oc:
nd he 
me pl
ce in
he c
e of one m
n bec
me
monumen of diinguihed glo y
nd of
ex eme punihmen. M
 of inf
my we e offe ed o him when de
d: one,

public one; h
, when hi houe h
d been h
 whe e he emple of
Mone

nd he min-office now 
nd, i w
 p opoed o he people,

h
 no p
 ici
n hould dwell in he ci
del
nd C
piol: he ohe

ppe 
ining o hi f
mily; i being comm
nded by
dec ee h
 no one
of he M
nli
n f
mily hould eve
fe be
he n
me of M
cu M
nliu.
uch w
 he f
e of
m
n, who, h
d he no been bo n in
f ee 
e,
would h
ve been celeb
ed wih poe iy. In
ho  ime, when he e
w
 no longe
ny d
nge f om him, he people, ecollecing only hi
vi ue, we e eized wih eg e fo him. A peilence oo which oon
followed, no c
ue of o g e

c
l
miy p eening hemelve, eemed
o
g e
 m
ny o h
ve
ien f om he punihmen infliced on M
nliu:
"The C
piol" [hey 
id] "h
d been pollued wih he blood of i
p ee ve ; no w
 i
g ee
ble o he god h
 he punihmen of him
by whom hei emple h
d been ecued f om he h
nd of he enemy, h
d
been b ough in
m
nne befo e hei eye."
21. The peilence w
 ucceeded by
c
ciy of he f ui of he
e
h,
nd he epo  of boh c
l
miie by p e
ding [w
 followed] by

v
iey of w
 in he following ye
, Luciu V
le iu
fou h ime,
Aulu M
nliu
hi d ime, e viu ulpiciu
hi d ime, Luciu
Luc eiu, Luciu miliu
hi d ime, M
cu T eboniu, being mili
y
 ibune wih conul
powe . Beide he Volci
n,
igned by ome
f

liy o give ee n
l employmen o he Rom
n oldie y,
nd he
colonie of Ci ceii
nd Veli , long medi
ing
evol,
nd L
ium
which h
d been upeced, new enemie uddenly p ung up in he people
of L
nuvium, which h
d been
mo f
ihful ciy. The f
he ,
conide ing h
 hi
oe f om conemp, bec
ue he evol of hei
own ciizen, he people of Veli , h
d been o long unpunihed,
dec eed h

p opoiion hould be ubmied o he people
 he
e
lie oppo uniy on he ubjec of decl
ing w

g
in hem:
nd
in o de h
 he common migh be he mo e dipoed fo h
 e vice,
hey
ppoined five commiione  fo di ibuing he Pompine l
nd,

nd h ee fo conducing
colony o Nepee. Then i w
 p opoed o he
people h
 hey hould o de
decl

ion of w
;
nd he plebei
n
 ibune in v
in ende
vou ing o diu
de hem,
ll he  ibe decl
ed
fo w
. Th
 ye
p ep

ion we e m
de fo w
; he
my w
 no led
ou ino he field on
ccoun of he peilence. And h
 del
y
ffo ded
full ime o he coloni o dep ec
e he
nge of he en
e;
nd

g e
 numbe of he people we e dipoed h

uppli
n emb
y hould
be en o Rome, h
d no he public been involved,
 i uu
l, wih he
p iv
e d
nge ,
nd he
beo  of he evol f om he Rom
n, h ough
fe
, le hey, being
lone
nwe
ble fo he guil, migh be given up

 vicim o he eenmen of he Rom

n, diu
ded he colonie f om
counel of pe
ce. And no only w
 he emb
y ob uced by hem in
he en
e, bu
g e
 p
 of he common we e excied o m
e
p ed
o y excu ion ino he Rom
n e io y. Thi new inju y b oe off

ll hope of pe
ce. Thi ye

epo  fi  o igin
ed eg
ding

evol of he P neine;

nd he people of Tuculum, G
bii
nd L
vici,
ino whoe e io ie he incu ion h
d been m
de,
ccuing hem of
he f
c, he en
e eu ned o pl
cid
n
nwe , h
 i bec
me
eviden h
 le c edi w
 given o he ch
ge, bec
ue hey wihed
hem no o be  ue.
22. In he following ye
he P
pi ii, pu iu
nd Luciu, new mili
y
 ibune, led he legion o Veli ; hei fou colle
gue in he
 ibunehip, e viu Co neliu M
lugineni
fou h ime, Quinu
e viliu, e viu ulpiciu, Luciu miliu
fou h ime, being lef
behind o p oec he ciy,
nd in c
e
ny new commoion hould be

nnounced f om E u i
; fo eve y hing w

pp ehended f om h

u
e . A Veli hey fough
ucceful b
le
g
in he

uxili
ie of he P neine, who we e
lmo g e
e h
n he numbe
of coloni hemelve; o h
 he p oximiy of he ciy w
 boh he

c
ue of
n e
lie fligh o he enemy,
nd w
 hei only efuge
fe
he fligh. The  ibune ef
ined f om beieging he own, boh bec
ue
[he eul] w
 unce 
in,
nd hey conide ed h
 he w
hould no
be puhed o he o
l de ucion of he colony. Lee  we e en o
Rome o he en
e wih new of he vico y, exp eive of mo e

nimoiy
g
in he P neine enemy h
n
g
in hoe of Veli . In
coneuence, by
dec ee of he en
e
nd
n o de of he people, w

w
 decl
ed
g
in he P neine: who, in conjuncion wih he
Volci
n, oo, on he following ye
, 
 icum,
colony of he Rom
n
people, by o m,
fe
n obin
e defence by he coloni,
nd m
de,
wih epec o he p ione ,
dig
ceful ue of hei vico y.
Incened
 hi, he Rom
n eleced M
cu Fu iu C
millu
evenh
ime mili
y  ibune. The colle
gue conjoined wih him we e he wo
Poumii Regillene, Aulu
nd Luciu,
nd Luciu Fu iu, wih Luciu
Luc eiu
nd M
cu F
biu Ambuu. The Volci
n w
w
 dec eed o
M
cu Fu iu ou of he o din
y cou e, Luciu Fu iu i
igned by
lo f om
mong he  ibune hi
i
n; [which p oved] no o

dv
n
geou o he public

ou ce of
ll m
nne of p
ie o hi
colle
gue: boh on public g ound, bec
ue he eo ed he [Rom
n]
ine e which h
d been p o
ed by hi
h conduc;
nd on p iv
e
g ound, bec
ue f om hi e o he ough o ob
in hi g
iude
he
h
n hi own glo y. C
millu w
 now in he decline of life,
nd when
p ep
ed
 he elecion o 
e he uu
l o
h fo he pu poe of
excuing himelf on he ple
of hi he
lh, he w
 oppoed by he
conen of he people: bu hi
cive mind w
 ill vigo ou wihin hi

den b e
,
nd he enjoyed
ll hi f
culie eni e,
nd now h
 he
conce ned himelf bu lile in civil
ff
i , w
ill
oued him.
H
ving enlied fou legion of fou hou
nd men e
ch,
nd h
ving
o de ed he  oop o
emble he nex d
y
 he Euiline g
e, he
e ou o 
 icum. The e he conue o  of he colony, nowie
dim
yed, confiding in hei numbe of men, in which hey h
d
conide
bly he
dv
n
ge,
w
ied him. When hey pe ceived h
 he
Rom
n we e
pp o
ching, hey m
ched ou immedi
ely o he field,
dee mined o m
e no del
y o pu
ll o he i of
n eng
gemen,
h
 by p oceeding hu hey hould de ive no
dv
n
ge f om he
judgmen of hei diinguihed comm
nde , on which
lone hey confided.
23. The 
me
dou exied
lo in he Rom
n
my; no did
ny hing,
bu he widom
nd
uho iy of one m
n, del
y he fo une of he
p een eng
gemen, who ough, by p o
cing he w
,
n oppo uniy
of
iding hei  engh by ill. The enemy u ged hem he mo e on h


ccoun,
nd now no only did hey d
w ou hei  oop in o de of
b
le befo e hei c
mp, bu
dv
nced ino he middle of he pl
in,
nd
by h owing up  enche ne
he b

lion of he enemy, m
de
how of
hei inolen confidence in hei  engh. The Rom
n oldie w

indign
n
 hi; he ohe mili
y  ibune, Luciu Fu iu, ill mo e
o, who, encou
ged boh by hi youh
nd hi n
u
l dipoiion, w

ill fu he el
ed by he hope ene 
ined by he muliude, who

umed g e
 pi i on g ound he mo unce 
in. The oldie ,

l e
dy excied of hemelve, he ill fu he inig
ed by
dip

ging he
uho iy of hi colle
gue by efe ence o hi
ge, he
only poin on which he could do o: 
ying con
nly, "h
 w
 we e
he p ovince of young men,
nd h
 wih he body he mind
lo
flou ihe
nd wihe ; h
 f om h
ving been
mo vigo ou w
io he
w
 become
d one;
nd h
 he who, on coming up, h
d been won o
c
y off c
mp
nd ciie
 he fi  one, now conumed he ime
in
cive wihin he  enche. Wh

cceion o hi own  engh, o
diminuion of h
 of he enemy, did he hope fo ? Wh
 oppo uniy, wh

e
on, wh
 pl
ce fo p
ciing 

gem? h
 he old m
n' pl
n
we e f igid
nd l
nguid. C
millu h
d boh ufficien h
e of life


well
 of glo y. Wh
 ue w
 i o uffe he  engh of

e
which ough o be immo 
l, o in ino old
ge
long wih one mo 
l
body." By uch obe v
ion, he h
d

ced o himelf he
enion
of he eni e c
mp;
nd when in eve y u
e b
le w
 c
lled fo , "We
c
nno," he 
y, "M
cu Fu iu, wih
nd he violence of he
oldie ;
nd he enemy, whoe pi i we h
ve inc e
ed by del
ying,
inul u by inolence by no me
n o be bo ne. Do you, who
e bu one
m
n, yield o
ll,
nd uffe you elf o be ove come in counel, h

you m
y he oone ove come in b
le." To hi C
millu eplie, h

"wh
eve w
 h
d been w
ged up o h
 d
y unde hi ingle
upice,
in hee h
 neihe himelf no he Rom
n people h
d been
di
ified eihe wih hi judgmen o wih hi fo une; now he new
h
 he h
d
colle
gue, hi eu
l in comm
nd
nd in
uho iy, in
vigou of
ge upe io ; wih epec o he
my, h
 he h
d been

ccuomed o ule, no o be uled; wih hi colle

gue'
uho iy he
could no ine fe e. Th
 he migh do, wih he f
vou of he god,
wh
eve he migh deem o be o he ine e of he 
e. Th
 he would
even olici fo hi ye
 he indulgence, h
 he migh no be pl
ced
in he f on line; h
 wh
eve duie in w

n old m
n could
dich
ge, in hee he would no be deficien; h
 he p
yed o he
immo 
l god, h
 no mich
nce migh p ove hi pl
n o be he mo e

dvi
ble." Neihe hi 
lu
y
dvice w
 liened o by men, no uch
piou p
ye  by he god. The
dvie of he b
le d
w up he f on
line; C
millu fo m he ee ve,
nd po
 ong gu
d befo e he
c
mp; he himelf oo hi 
ion on
n elev
ed pl
ce

pec
o ,

nxiouly w
ching he eul of he ohe ' pl
n.
24. A oon
 he
m cl
hed
 he fi  encoune , he enemy, f om


gem, no f om fe
, e e
ed. The e w

genle
ccliviy in
hei e
, beween he
my
nd hei c
mp;
nd bec
ue hey h
d
ufficien numbe , hey h
d lef in he c
mp eve
l  ong coho ,

med
nd e
dy fo
cion, which we e o uh fo h, when he b
le
w
 now commenced,
nd when he enemy h
d
pp o
ched he
mp
. The
Rom
n being d
wn ino di
dv
n
geou g ound by following he
e e
ing enemy in dio de , bec
me expoed o hi 
lly. Te o
he efo e being u ned on he vico , by e
on of hi new fo ce,
nd
he decliviy of he v
lley, c
ued he Rom
n line o give w
y. The
Volci
n, who m
de he

c f om he c
mp, being f eh, p e on
hem; hoe
lo who h
d given w
y by
p eended fligh, enew he
figh. The Rom
n oldie  no longe ecove ed hemelve; bu unmindful
of hei ecen p eumpion
nd fo me glo y, we e u ning hei b
c
in eve y di ecion,
nd wih dio de ly peed we e m
ing fo hei
c
mp, when C
millu, being mouned on hi ho e by hoe
ound him,
nd
h
ily oppoing he ee ved  oop o hem, "I hi," 
y he,
"oldie , he b
le which ye c
lled fo ? Wh
 m
n, wh
 god i he e,
whom ye c
n bl
me? Th
 w
 you
hne, hi you cow
dice. H
ving
followed
nohe le
de , now follow C
millu;
nd
 ye
e
ccuomed
o do unde my le
de hip, conue . Why do ye loo o he
mp

nd
c
mp? No
m
n of you h
ll h
 c
mp eceive, excep
 vico ." h
me

 fi  opped hei dio de ly fligh; hen when hey 

w he

nd
d wheel
bou,
nd
line fo med o mee he enemy,
nd he
gene
l, beide being diinguihed by o m
ny  iumph, vene
ble
lo
by hi
ge, p eened himelf in f on of he b

lion, whe e he
g e
e oil
nd d
nge w
, eve y one beg
n o upb
id boh himelf

nd ohe ,
nd muu
l exho 
ion wih
b i hou pe v
ded he
eni e line. No w
 he ohe  ibune deficien on he occ
ion. Being
dep
ched o he c
v
l y by hi colle
gue, who w
 eo ing he line
of he inf
n y, no by ebuing hem, (fo which 
 hi h
e in
hei f
ul h
d ende ed him
n
uho iy of lile weigh,) bu f om
comm
nd u ning eni ely o en e
ie, he beough hem individu
lly


nd collecively, "o edeem him f om bl
me, who w

nwe
ble fo he
even of h
 d
y. Nowih
nding he epugn
nce
nd diu
ion of my
colle
gue, I g
ve myelf
p
ne in he
hne of
ll
he h
n in
he p udence of one. C
millu ee hi own glo y in you fo une,
wh
eve i be; fo my p
, unle he b
le i eo ed, I h
ll feel
he eul wih you
ll, he inf
my
lone (which i mo di eing)."
I w
 deemed be h
 he ho e hould be 
nfe ed ino he line
whil ill une
dy,
nd h
 hey hould

c he enemy by fighing
on foo. Diinguihed by hei
m
nd cou
ge, hey p oceed in
wh
eve di ecion hey pe ceive he line of he inf
n y mo p eed;
no
mong eihe he office  o oldie  i he e
ny
b
emen
obe ved f om he umo effo  of cou
ge. The eul he efo e fel
he
id of he b
ve y exe ed;
nd he Volci
n being pu o e
l
fligh in h
 di ecion in which hey h
d l
ely e e
ed unde
p eended fe
, g e
 numbe  we e l
in boh in he b
le ielf,
nd

fe w
d in fligh; he ohe  in he c
mp, which w
 
en in he

me one: mo e, howeve , we e c
pu ed h
n l
in.
25. Whe e when, on 
ing
n
ccoun of he p ione , eve
l Tucul
n
we e ecognied, being ep

ed f om he e, hey
e b ough o he
 ibune;
nd hey confeed o hoe who ine og
ed hem, h
 hey
h
d 
en up
m by he
uho iy of he 
e. By he fe
of which
w
o ne
home C
millu being
l
med, 
y h
 he would immedi
ely
c
y he p ione  o Rome, h
 he en
e migh no be igno
n, h

he Tucul
n h
d evoled f om he
lli
nce; me
nwhile hi colle
gue,
if he hough p ope , hould comm
nd he c
mp
nd
my. One d
y h
d been

leon o him no o p efe hi own counel o bee . Howeve

neihe himelf, no
ny pe on in he
my, uppoed h
 C
millu
would p
 ove hi miconduc wihou ome
ng y feeling, by which he
commonwe
lh h
d been b ough ino o pe ilou
iu
ion;
nd boh in
he
my
nd
 Rome, he unifo m
ccoun of
ll w
, h
,
 m
e 
h
d been conduced wih v
ying ucce
mong he Volci
n, he bl
me
of he unucceful b
le
nd of he fligh l
y wih Luciu Fu iu,
ll
he glo y of he ucceful one w
 o be
 ibued o C
millu. The
p ione  being b ough ino he en
e, when he en
e dec eed h

he Tucul
n hould be punihed wih w
,
nd hey in ued he
m
n
gemen of h
 w
o C
millu, he eue one
i
n fo
himelf in h
 buine,
nd being
llowed o elec which eve of hi
colle
gue he ple
ed, con
y o he expec
ion of eve y one, he
olicied Luciu Fu iu. By which mode
ion of feeling he boh

llevi
ed he dig
ce of hi colle
gue,
nd
cui ed g e
 glo y o
himelf. The e w
 no w
, howeve , wih he Tucul
n. By fi m

dhe ence o pe
ce hey w
ded off he Rom
n violence, which hey could
no h
ve done by
m. When he Rom
n ene ed hei e io ie, no
emov
l we e m
de f om he pl
ce
djoining o he o
d, he
culiv
ion of he l
nd w
 no ine uped: he g
e of he ciy
lying open, hey c
me fo h in c owd cl
d in hei gown o mee he
gene
l; p oviion fo he
my w
 b ough wih
l
c iy f om he ciy

nd he l
nd. C
millu h
ving piched hi c
mp befo e he g
e,
wihing o now whehe he 
me
ppe

nce of pe
ce, which w

dipl
yed in he coun y, p ev
iled
lo wihin he w
ll, ene ed he
ciy, whe e he beheld he g
e lying open,
nd eve y hing expoed o

le in he open hop,
nd he wo men eng
ged e
ch on hei epecive
employmen,
nd he chool of le
ning buzzing wih he voice of he
chol
,
nd he  ee filled
mid he diffe en ind of people,
wih boy
nd women going diffe en w
y, whihe oeve he occ
ion of
hei epecive c
lling c
ied hem; nohing in
ny u
e h
 bo e

ny
ppe

nce of p
nic o even of u p ie; he looed
ound
 eve y
objec,
enively inui ing whe e he w
h
d been. No 
ce w
 he e
of
ny hing h
ving been emoved, o b ough fo w
d fo he occ
ion;

o compleely w
 eve y hing in

e of e
dy 
nuil pe
ce, o
h
 i c
cely eemed h
 even he umou of w
could h
ve e
ched
hem.
26. Ove come he efo e by he ubmiive deme
nou of he enemy, he
o de ed hei en
e o be c
lled. "Tucul
n," he 
y, "ye
e he
only pe on who h
ve ye found he  ue
m
nd he  ue  engh, by
which o p oec you poeion f om he eenmen of he Rom
n.
P oceed o Rome o he en
e. The f
he  will conide , whehe you
h
ve me ied mo e punihmen fo you fo me conduc, o fo givene fo
you p een. I h
ll no
nicip
e you g
iude fo
f
vou o be
confe ed by he 
e. F om me ye h
ll h
ve he powe of eeing
p
don. The en
e will g
n o you en e
ie uch
eul,
 hey
h
ll conide mee." When he Tucul
n c
me o Rome,
nd he en
e
[of
people], who we e ill
lile befo e f
ihful
llie, we e een
wih o owful counen
nce in he po ch of he en
e-houe, he
f
he , immedi
ely moved [
 he igh,] even hen o de ed hem o be
c
lled in
he in
f iendly h
n
hoile m
nne . The Tucul
n
dic
o poe
 follow: "Conc ip f
he , we
g
in whom ye
p ocl
imed
nd m
de w
, ju
 you ee u now 
nding in he po ch of
you houe, o
med
nd o
i ed did we go fo h o mee you
gene
l
nd you legion. Thi w
 ou h
bi, hi he h
bi of ou
common;
nd eve h
ll be, unle wheneve we h
ll eceive
m f om
you
nd defence of you. We eu n h
n o you gene
l
nd you
 oop fo h
ving  ued hei eye mo e h
n hei e
;
nd fo
h
ving commied nohing hoile, whe e none ubied. The pe
ce, which
we obe ved, he 
me we olici
 you h
nd: we p
y you,
ve  w

o h
 u
e whe e, if
ny whe e, i ubi. Wh
 you
m m
y be

ble o effec on u, if
fe ou ubmiion we
e o expe ience i,
we will expe ience un
med. Thi i ou dee min
ion. M
y he immo 
l
god g
n h
 i be
 ucceful
 i i duiful! Wih epec o
he ch
ge, by which you we e induced o decl
e w

g
in u, hough
i i needle o efue by wo d wh
 h
 been con
diced by f
c;
ye,
dmiing hey we e  ue, we hin i 
fe fo u o confe hem,

fe h
ving hown uch eviden m
 of epen
nce. Admi hen h
 we
h
ve offended
g
in you, ince ye dee ve h
 uch 
if
cion be
m
de o you." Thee we e ne
ly he wo d ued by he Tucul
n. They
ob
ined pe
ce
 he p een,
nd no long
fe he f eedom of he

e
lo. The legion we e wihd
wn f om Tuculum.
27. C
millu, diinguihed by hi p udence
nd b
ve y in he Volci
n
w
, by hi ucce in he Tucul
n expediion, in boh by hi
ex
o din
y mode
ion
nd fo be

nce ow
d hi colle
gue, wen ou
of office; he mili
y  ibune fo he following ye
being Luciu
nd
Publiu V
le iu, Luciu
fifh, Publiu
hi d ime,
nd C
iu
e giu
hi d ime, Luciu Meneniu
econd ime, pu iu P
pi iu,

nd e viu Co neliu M
lugineni. The ye
eui ed ceno 
lo,
chiefly on
ccoun of he unce 
in ep een
ion eg
ding he deb;
he  ibune of he common ex
gge
ing he
moun of i on
ccoun of
he odium of he hing, whil i w
 unde
ed by hoe whoe ine e
i w
 h
 he difficuly of p ocu ing p
ymen hould
ppe
o depend

he on [he w
n of] ineg iy, h
n of
biliy in he debo . The
ceno 
ppoined we e C
iu ulpiciu C
me inu, pu iu Poumiu
Regilleni;
nd he m
e h
ving been commenced w
 ine uped by he
de
h of Poumiu, bec
ue i w
 no confo m
ble o eligion h


ubiue hould be colle

gue o
ceno . Acco dingly
fe ulpiciu
h
d eigned hi office, ohe ceno  h
ving been
ppoined unde ome
defec, hey did no dich
ge he office; h

hi d e hould be

ppoined w
 no
llowed,
 hough he god did no
dmi
ceno hip
fo h
 ye
. The  ibune denied h
 uch moce y of he common w


o be ole
ed; "h
 he en
e we e
ve e o he public 
ble, he
winee of e
ch m
n' p ope y, bec
ue hey we e unwilling h
 he

moun of he deb hould be een, which would cle

ly how h
 one
p
 of he 
e w
 dep eed by he ohe ; whil in he me
n ime
he common, opp eed wih deb, we e expoed o one enemy
fe

nohe . W
 we e now ough ou in eve y di ecion wihou
diincion. T oop we e m
ched f om Anium o 
 icum, f om 
 icum
o Veli ,
nd hence o Tuculum. The L
in, He nici
n,
nd he
P neine we e now h e
ened wih hoiliie, mo e h ough
h
 ed
of hei fellow-ciizen h
n of he enemy, in o de o we
ou he
common unde
m,
nd no uffe hem o b e
he in he ciy, o o
eflec on hei libe y
 hei leiu e, o o 
nd in
n
embly
whe e hey m
y he

 ibune' voice dicuing conce ning he
educion of ine e
nd he e min
ion of ohe g iev
nce. Bu if
he common h
d
pi i mindful of he libe y of hei f
he , h

hey would neihe uffe
ny Rom
n ciizen o be
igned o
c edio
on
ccoun of deb, no
levy o be held; unil, he deb being
ex
mined,
nd ome mehod
doped fo leening hem, e
ch m
n hould
now wh
 w
 hi own,
nd wh

nohe '; whehe hi pe on w
 ill
f ee o him, o h

lo w
 due o he oc." The p ice held ou fo
ediion oon
ied i: fo boh eve
l we e m
de ove o c edio ,

nd on
ccoun of he umou of he P neine w
, he en
e dec eed
h
 new legion hould be levied; boh which me
u e beg
n o be
ob uced by  ibunii
n ine poiion
nd he combined effo  of he
common. Fo neihe he  ibune uffe ed hoe conigned o hei
c edio  o be h own ino p ion, no did he young men give in hei
n
me. While he en
e fel le p eing
nxiey
bou enfo cing he
l
w eg
ding he lending of money h
n
bou he levy; fo now i w


nnounced h
 he enemy, h
ving m
ched f om P nee, h
d enc
mped in
he G
bini
n e io y; me
nwhile hi ve y epo 
he
oued he
 ibune of he common o he  uggle commenced h
n dee ed hem;
no did
ny hing ele uffice o
ll
y he diconen in he ciy, bu
he
pp o
ch of hoiliie o he ve y w
ll.
28. Fo when he P neine h
d been info med h
 no
my w
 levied

 Rome, no gene
l fixed on, h
 he en
e
nd people we e u ned he
one
g
in he ohe ; hei le
de  hining h

n oppo uniy
p eened ielf, m
ing
h
y m
ch,
nd l
ying w
e he coun y

hey wen
long, hey
dv
nced hei 
nd
d
 f

 he Colline
g
e. The p
nic in he ciy w
 g e
. The
l
m w
 given o 
e up

m; pe on
n ogehe o he w
ll
nd g
e,
nd
 lengh u ning
f om ediion o w
, hey c e
ed Tiu Quinciu Cincinn
u dic
o .
He
ppoined Aulu emp oniu A
inu hi m
e of he ho e. When
hi w
 he
d, (uch w
 he e o of h
 office,) he enemy ei ed
f om he w
ll,
nd he young Rom
n
embled o he edic wihou
efu
l. Whil he
my i being levied
 Rome, in he me
n ime he
enemy' c
mp i piched no f
f om he ive Alli
: hence l
ying
w
e he l
nd f

nd wide, hey bo
ed one o he ohe h
 hey h
d
choen
pl
ce f

l o he Rom
n ciy; h
 he e would be
imil

cone n
ion
nd fligh f om hence
 occu ed in he G
llic w
. Fo
"if he Rom
n d e
d
d
y deemed in
upiciou,
nd m
ed wih he n
me
of h
 pl
ce, how much mo e h
n he Alli
n d
y would hey d e
d he
Alli
ielf, he monumen of o g e

di
e . No doub he fie ce
loo of he G
ul
nd he ound of hei voice would ecu o hei
eye
nd e
." Tu ning ove in mind hoe g oundle noion of
ci cum
nce
 g oundle, hey eed hei hope on he fo une of
he pl
ce. On he ohe h
nd, he Rom
n [conide ed] h
, "in wh
eve
pl
ce
L
in enemy ood, hey new full well h
 hey we e he 
me
whom,
fe h
ving ue ly defe
ed
 he l
e Regillu, hey ep in
pe
ce
ble ubjecion fo one hund ed ye
; h
 he pl
ce being

diinguihed by he memo y of hei defe

, would
he imul
e hem
o blo ou he ememb
nce of hei dig
ce, h
n
ie
fe
h


ny l
nd hould be unf
vou
ble o hei ucce. We e even he G
ul
hemelve p eened o hem in h
 pl
ce, h
 hey would figh ju

 hey fough
 Rome in ecove ing hei coun y,
 he d
y
fe

G
bii; hen, when hey oo c
e, h
 no enemy, who h
d ene ed he
w
ll of Rome, hould c
y home
n
ccoun of hei ucce o defe
."
29. Wih hee feeling on eihe ide hey c
me o he Alli
. The Rom
n
dic
o , when he enemy we e in view d
wn up
nd e
dy fo
cion,

y, "Aulu emp oniu, do you ee h
 hee men h
ve 
en hei

nd
 he Alli
, elying on he fo une of he pl
ce? no h
ve he
immo 
l god g
ned hem
ny hing of u e confidence, o
ny mo e
effecu
l uppo . Bu do you, elying on
m
nd on cou
ge, m
e

b i ch
ge on he middle of hei line; I will be
down on hem when
h own ino dio de
nd cone n
ion wih he legion. Ye god,
winee of he  e
y,
i u,
nd ex
c he pen
ly, due fo
you elve h
ving been viol
ed,
nd fo u who h
ve been deceived
h ough he
ppe
l m
de o you diviniy." The P neine u
ined no
he

c of c
v
l y, o inf
n y; hei
n we e b oen
 he fi 
ch
ge
nd hou. Then when hei line m
in
ined i g ound in no
u
e , hey u n hei b
c;
nd being h own ino cone n
ion
nd
c
ied beyond hei own c
mp by hei p
nic, hey op no f om hei
p ecipi
e peed, unil P nee c
me in view. The e, h
ving been
dipe ed in coneuence of hei fligh, hey elec
po fo he
pu poe of fo ifying i in
h
y m
nne ; le, if hey beoo
hemelve wihin he w
ll, he coun y hould be bu ned fo hwih,
nd
when
ll pl
ce hould be deol
ed, iege hould be l
id o he ciy.
Bu when he vico iou Rom
n
pp o
ched, he c
mp
 he Alli
h
ving
been plunde ed, h
 fo  e
lo w

b
ndoned,
nd conide ing he
w
ll c
cely ecu e, hey hu hemelve up wihin he own of
P nee. The e we e eigh own beide unde he w
y of he
P neine. Hoiliie we e c
ied ound o hee
lo;
nd hee
being 
en one
fe he ohe wihou much difficuly, he
my w

led o Veli . Thi
lo w
 
en by o m. They hen c
me o
P nee, he m
in ou ce of he w
. Th
 own w
 ob
ined, no by
fo ce, bu by c
piul
ion. Tiu Quinciu, being once vico iou in

piched b
le, h
ving 
en
lo wo c
mp belonging o he enemy,
nd
nine own by o m,
nd P nee being ob
ined by u ende , eu ned
o Rome:
nd in hi  iumph b ough ino he C
piol he 
ue of
Jupie Impe
o , which he h
d conveyed f om P nee. I w
 dedic
ed
beween he ecee of Jupie
nd Mine v
,
nd

ble fixed unde
i,

monumen of hi exploi, w
 eng
ved wih ne
ly hee wo d:
"Jupie
nd
ll he god g
ned, h
 Tiu Quinciu, dic
o ,
hould 
e nine own." On he wenieh d
y
fe he
ppoinmen he

bdic
ed he dic
o hip.
30. An elecion w
 hen held of mili
y  ibune wih conul
powe ;
in which he numbe of p
 ici
n
nd plebei
n w
 eu
l. F om he
p
 ici
n we e eleced Publiu
nd C
iu M
nliu, wih Luciu Juliu;
he common g
ve C
iu exiliu, M
cu Albiniu,
nd Luciu Aniiu.
To he M
nlii, bec
ue hey h
d he
dv
n
ge of he plebei
n in f
mily

ion,
nd of Juliu in ine e, he p ovince of he Volci
n w


igned ou of he o din

y cou e, wihou lo, o muu
l

ngemen; of which ci cum
nce boh hemelve
nd he p
 ici
n
who confe ed i
fe w
d epened. Wihou
ny p eviou econnoi e
hey en ou ome coho  o fo
ge. I h
ving been f
lely epo ed
o hem h
 hee we e enn
ed, whil hey m
ch in g e
 h
e, in
o de o uppo  hem, wihou even e
ining he
uho [of he epo ]
who h
d deceived hem, he being
L
in enemy ine
d of
Rom
n

oldie , hey hemelve fell ino

n
mbuc
de. The e, whil hey
uffe
nd commi g e
 h
voc, m
ing ei
nce on di
dv
n
geou
g ound olely by he v
lou of he oldie , he enemy in he me
n ime
in
nohe u
e

ced he Rom
n c
mp which w
 iu
e on
pl
in.
By hei eme iy
nd w
n of ill, m
e  we e b ough ino jeop
dy
in boh pl
ce by he gene
l. Wh
eve po ion [of he
my] w


ved, he good fo une of he Rom
n people,
nd he e
dy v
lou of
he oldie , even wihou
di eco , p oeced. When
n
ccoun of
hee even w
 b ough o Rome, i w

 fi 
g ee
ble o hem h


dic
o hould be
ppoined; hen when inelligence w
 eceived f om
he Volci
n coun y h
 m
e  we e uie,
nd i
ppe
ed m
nife
h
 hey new no how o 
e
dv
n
ge of vico y
nd of oppo uniy,
he
my
nd gene
l we e ec
lled f om hence
lo;
nd he e w

uie f om h
 u
e ,
 f

 eg
ded he Volci
n. The only
diu b
nce he e w
 ow
d he end of he ye
w
, h
 he
P neine, h
ving i ed up ome of he 
e of he L
in, enewed
hoiliie. Du ing he 
me ye
new coloni we e en olled fo ei
,
he colony ielf compl
ining of he p
uciy of men. Domeic

nuilliy, which he influence of he plebei
n mili
y  ibune
nd
he epec hown o hem
mong hei own p
y p ocu ed, w


conol
ion fo he w
n of ucce in w
.
31. The commencemen of he following ye
bl
zed fo h wih violen
ediion, he mili
y  ibune wih conul
powe being pu iu
Fu iu, Quinu e viliu
econd ime, C
iu Liciniu, Publiu
Clliu, M
cu Ho
iu, Luciu Geg
niu. The deb w
 boh he
g ound-wo 
nd c
ue of he diu b
nce: fo he pu poe of

ce 
ining which pu iu e viliu P icu
nd Quinu Clliu
iculu, being
ppoined ceno , we e p evened by w
f om p oceeding
in he buine. Fo
l
ming new
 fi , hen he fligh [of he
coun y people] f om he l
nd, b ough inelligence h
 he legion of
he Volci
n h
d ene ed he bo de ,
nd we e l
ying w
e he Rom
n
l
nd in eve y di ecion. In which
l
m, o f
w
 he fe
of he
fo eign enemy f om puing
chec o he domeic feud, h
 on he
con
y he  ibunii
n powe bec
me even mo e vehemen in ob ucing
he levy; unil hee condiion we e impoed on he p
 ici
n, h
 no
one w
 o p
y  ibue
 long
 he w
l
ed, no iue
ny judici
l
p oce epecing money due. Thi el
x
ion being ob
ined fo he
common, he e w
 no del
y wih epec o he levy. New legion being
enlied, i w
 eolved h
 wo
mie hould be led ino he
Volci
n e io y, he legion being divided. pu iu Fu iu
nd M
cu
Ho
iu p oceed o he igh, ow
d he e
-co

nd Anium; Quinu
e viliu
nd Luciu Geg
niu o he lef, o Ece
ow
d he
moun
in. On neihe ide did he enemy mee hem. Dev

ion w

he efo e commied, no imil
o h
 
ggling ind which he
Volci
n h
d p
cied by n
che unde he influence of  epid
ion

fe he m
nne of
b
ndii, elying on he dienion
mong he
enemy
nd d e
ding hei v
lou ; bu commied wih he full meed of
hei eenmen by
egul

my, mo e eve e
lo by e
on of hei
coninu
nce. Fo he incu ion h
d been m
de by he Volci
n on he
i  of he bo de ,
 hey we e
f
id le
n
my migh in he
me
n ime come fo h f om Rome: he Rom
n, on he con
y, h
d

moive fo 
ying in he enemy' coun y, in o de o enice hem o

n eng
gemen. All he houe he efo e on he l
nd,
nd ome vill
ge

lo, being bu n down, no

f ui- ee no he eed being lef fo he
hope of
h
ve,
ll he booy boh of men
nd c
le, which w

ouide he w
ll, being d iven off, he  oop we e led b
c f om boh
u
e  o Rome.
32. A ho  ine v
l h
ving been g
ned o he debo  o ecove

b e
h, when m
e  bec
me pe fecly uie wih epec o he enemy,
leg
l p oceeding beg
n o be iniued
new;
nd o emoe w

ll
hope of elieving he fo me deb, h

new one w
 now con
ced by


x fo building
w
ll of hewn one b
g
ined fo by he ceno : o
which bu den he common we e obliged o ubmi, bec
ue he  ibune of
he common h
d no levy which hey could ob uc. Fo ced by he
influence of he noble, hey eleced
ll he mili
y  ibune f om

mong he p
 ici
n, Luciu miliu, Publiu V
le iu
fou h ime,
C
iu Veu iu, e viu ulpiciu, Luciu
nd C
iu Quinciu
Cincinn
u. By he 
me influence hey ucceeded in
iing h ee

mie
g
in he L
in
nd Volci
n, who wih combined fo ce we e
enc
mped
 
 icum,
ll he junio  being bound by he mili
y o
h
wihou
ny oppoiion; one
my fo he p oecion of he ciy; he
ohe o be en fo he udden eme gencie of w
, if
ny diu b
nce
hould
ie elewhe e. The hi d,
nd by f
he mo powe ful, Publiu
V
le iu
nd Luciu miliu led o 
 icum. Whe e when hey found he
enemy' line of b
le d
wn up on level g ound, hey immedi
ely
eng
ged;
nd befo e he vico y w
 ufficienly decl
ed, he b
le,
which held ou f
i hope of ucce, w
 pu
op o by
in

ccomp
nied by
violen o m of wind. On he following d
y he b
le
w
 enewed;
nd fo
conide
ble ime he L
in  oop p
icul
ly,
who h
d le
ned he Rom
n dicipline du ing he long confede
cy, ood
hei g ound wih eu
l b
ve y
nd ucce. A ch
ge of c
v
l y b oe
hei
n; when hu confued, he inf
n y
dv
nced upon hem;
nd

much
 he Rom
n line
dv
nced, o much we e he enemy dilodged f om
hei g ound;
nd when once he b
le g
ve w
y, he Rom
n p owe
bec
me i eiible. When he enemy being oued m
de fo 
 icum,
which w
 wo mile di
n, no fo hei c
mp, hey we e cu down
chiefly by he c
v
l y; hei c
mp w
 
en
nd plunde ed. The nigh
ucceeding he b
le, hey be
e hemelve o Anium in
m
ch
eembling
fligh;
nd hough he Rom
n
my followed hem
lmo in
hei ep, fe
howeve poeed mo e wifne h
n
nge . Whe efo e
he enemy ene ed he w
ll befo e he Rom
n could
nnoy o impede hei
e
. Afe h
 eve
l d
y we e pen in l
ying w
e he coun y,

he Rom
n we e neihe upplied wih mili
y engine o

c w
ll,
no he ohe  o h
z
d he ch
nce of
b
le.
33. A hi ime
dienion
oe beween he Ani
n
nd he L
in;
when he Ani
n, ove come by mifo une
nd educed by
w
, in which
hey h
d boh been bo n
nd h
d g own old, beg
n o hin of

u ende ; whil hei ecen evol

fe
long pe
ce, hei pi i
being ill f eh, ende ed he L
in mo e dee mined o pe eve e in
he w
. The e w

n end o he cone, when i bec
me eviden o boh
p
ie h
 neihe would 
nd in he w
y of he ohe o
 o
p even hem f om following ou hei own view. The L
in by dep
ing
edeemed hemelve f om
h
e in wh
 hey deemed
dihonou
ble
pe
ce. The Ani
n, on he emov
l of hoe who by hei p eence
impeded hei 
lu
y counel, u ende hei ciy
nd l
nd o he
Rom
n. The eenmen
nd
ge of he L
in, bec
ue hey we e neihe

ble o d
m
ge he Rom
n in w
, no o e
in he Volci
n in
m,
vened ielf in eing fi e o he ciy of 
 icum, which h
d been
hei fi  pl
ce of e e

fe hei defe
; no did
ny ohe
building in h
 ciy em
in, ince hey c
 fi eb
nd
indic imin
ely ino hoe 
c ed
nd p of
ne, excep he emple of
Mohe M
u
. F om h
 neihe he 
nciy of he building ielf,
no epec fo he god, i 
id o h
ve e
ined hem, bu
n
wful
voice, emied f om he emple wih h e
 of dim
l venge
nce, unle
hey emoved hei
bomin
ble fi e o
di
nce f om he emple.
Fi ed wih hi
ge, hei impeuoiy c
ied hem on o Tuculum,
unde he influence of eenmen, bec
ue, h
ving
b
ndoned he gene
l


oci
ion of he L
in, hey joined hemelve no only in
lli
nce
wih he Rom
n, bu
lo
 membe  of hei 
e. A hey
unexpecedly uhed in
 he g
e, which we e lying open, he own,
excep he ci
del, w
 
en
 he fi  hou. The ownmen wih
hei wive
nd child en oo efuge in he ci
del,
nd en meenge 
o Rome, o info m he en
e of hei iu
ion. An
my w
 led o
Tuculum wih no le expediion h
n w
 wo hy of he honou of he
Rom
n people. Luciu Quinciu
nd e viu ulpiciu, mili
y  ibune,
comm
nded i. They beheld he g
e of Tuculum hu,
nd he L
in,
wih he feeling of beiege 
nd beieged, on he one ide defending
he w
ll of Tuculum, on he ohe h
nd

cing he ci
del; hey
 uc e o
nd fel i
 he 
me ime. The
iv
l of he Rom
n
p oduced
ch
nge in he mind of boh p
ie: i u ned he Tucul
n
f om g e

l
m ino he umo
l
c iy,
nd he L
in f om
lmo

u ed confidence of oon 
ing he ci
del,
 hey we e m
e  of
he own, o ve y lende hope of even hei own 
fey. A hou i

ied by he Tucul
n f om he ci
del; i i
nwe ed by
much
loude one f om he Rom
n
my. The L
in
e h
d p eed on boh
ide: hey neihe wih
nd he fo ce of he Tucul
n pou ing down on
hem f om he highe g ound; no
e hey
ble o epel he Rom
n

dv
ncing up o he w
ll,
nd fo cing he b
 of he g
e. The w
ll
we e fi  
en by c
l
de; he g
e we e hen b oen open;
nd when
he wo enemie p eed hem boh in f on
nd in he e
, no did
he e em
in
ny  engh fo figh, no
ny oom fo unning
w
y,
beween boh hey we e
ll cu o piece o
m
n. Tuculum being
ecove ed f om he enemy, he
my w
 led b
c o Rome.
34. In p opo ion

ll m
e  we e mo e 
nuil
b o
d in
coneuence of hei uccee in w
hi ye
, o much did he
violence of he p
 ici
n
nd he di ee of he common in he ciy
inc e
e eve y d
y;
 he
biliy o p
y w
 p evened by he ve y f
c
h
 i w
 nece
y o p
y. Acco dingly, when nohing could now be
p
id ou of hei p ope y, being c
 in ui
nd
igned ove o
cuody, hey 
ified hei c edio  by hei ch

ce
nd pe on,

nd punihmen w
 ubiued fo p
ymen. Whe efo e no only he
lowe, bu even he le
ding men in he common h
d un o low in
pi i, h
 no ene p iing
nd
dvenu ou m
n h
d cou
ge, no only
o 
nd fo he mili
y  ibunehip
mong he p
 ici
n, (fo which
p ivilege hey h
d 
ined
ll hei ene gie,) bu no even o 
e on
hem
nd ue fo plebei
n m
gi
cie:
nd he p
 ici
n eemed o
h
ve fo eve ecove ed he poeion of
n honou h
 h
d been only
uu ped by he common fo
few ye
. A  ifling c
ue,
 gene
lly
h
ppen, which h
d he effec of p oducing
mighy eul, ine vened
o p even he ohe p
y f om exuling oo much in h
. Two d
ughe 
of M
cu F
biu Ambuu,
n influeni
l m
n, boh
mong pe on of hi
own 
ion,
nd
lo wih he common, bec
ue he w
 by no me
n
conide ed
depie of pe on of h
 o de , h
d been m
ied, he
elde o e viu ulpiciu, he younge o C
iu Liciniu olo,

diinguihed pe on, bu ill

plebei
n;
nd he f
c of uch
n

lli
nce no h
ving been co ned, h
d g
ined influence fo F
biu wih
he people. I o h
ppened, h
 when he wo ie , he F
bi, we e
p
ing
w
y he ime in conve 
ion in he houe of e viu ulpiciu,
mili
y  ibune,
lico of ulpiciu, when he eu ned home f om he
fo um,
pped
 he doo ,
 i uu
l, wih he od. When he younge
F
bi
,

nge o hi cuom, w
 f ighened
 i, he w
 l
ughed

 by he ie , who w
 u p ied
 he ie no nowing he
m
e . Th
 l
ugh, howeve , g
ve
ing o he fem
le mind, eniive

 i i o me e  ifle. F om he numbe of pe on

ending on he ,

nd
ing he comm
nd, he ie ' m
ch, I uppoe,
ppe
ed o he
o be
fo un
e one,
nd he epined
 he own,
cco ding o h


e oneou feeling, by which eve y one i mo

nnoyed
 being
ou ipped by hoe ne
e o him. When he f
he h
ppened o ee he
di
ppoined
fe he ecen mo ific
ion, by indly inui ing he
p ev
iled on he , who w
 diembling he c
ue of he
nnoy
nce, (

being neihe
ffecion
e wih epec o he ie , no epecful
ow
d he hub
nd,) o confe, h
 he c
ue of he ch
g in w
,
h
 he h
d been unied o
n infe io ,
nd m
ied ino
houe which
neihe honou no influence could ene . Ambuu hen, conoling hi
d
ughe , bid he eep up good pi i; h
 he hould oon ee he

me honou 
 he own houe, which he now ee
 he ie '. Upon
hi he beg
n o d
w up hi pl
n wih hi on-in-l
w, h
ving

ched
o himelf Luciu exiu,
n ene p iing young m
n,
nd one o whoe
hope nohing w
 w
ning bu p
 ici
n decen.
35. The e
ppe
ed
f
vou
ble oppo uniy fo m
ing innov
ion on

ccoun of he immene lo

d of deb, no
llevi
ion of which evil he
common could hope fo unle hei own p
y we e pl
ced in he highe

uho iy. To [b ing

bou] h
 objec [hey 
w] h
 hey hould
exe  hemelve. Th
 he plebei
n, by ende
vou ing
nd pe eve ing,
h
d
l e
dy g
ined
ep ow
d i, whence, if hey  uggled fo w
d,
hey migh e
ch he ummi,
nd be on
level wih he p
 ici
n, in
honou
 well
 in me i. Fo he p een i w
 eolved h

plebei
n  ibune hould be c e
ed, in which office hey migh open fo
hemelve
w
y o ohe honou . And C
iu Liciniu
nd Luciu
exiu, being eleced  ibune, p opoed l
w
ll
g
in he powe of
he p
 ici
n,
nd fo he ine e of he common: one eg
ding he
deb, h
, wh
eve h
d been p
id in ine e being deduced f om he
p incip
l, he em
inde hould be p
id off in h ee ye
 by eu
l
in
lmen; he ohe conce ning he limi
ion of l
nd, h
 no one
hould poe mo e h
n five hund ed
c e of l
nd;
hi d, h
 he e
hould be no elecion of mili
y  ibune,
nd h
 one
 le
 of he
conul hould be eleced f om he common;
ll m
e  of g e

impo 
nce,
nd uch
 could no be

ined wihou he g e
e
 uggle. A cone he efo e fo
ll hoe objec, of which he e i
eve
n ino din
e dei e
mong men, viz. l
nd, money,
nd honou ,
being now p opoed, he p
 ici
n bec
me e ified
nd dim
yed,
nd
finding no ohe emedy in hei public
nd p iv
e conul
ion excep
he p oe, which h
d been  ied in m
ny p eviou cone, hey g
ined
ove hei colle
gue o oppoe he bill of he  ibune. When hey 
w
he  ibe ummoned by Liciniu
nd exiu o
nnounce hei voe,
u ounded by b
nd of p
 ici
n, hey neihe uffe ed he bill o be
e
d, no
ny ohe uu
l fo m fo 
ing he voe of he common o be
gone h ough. And now
emblie being f euenly convened o no
pu poe, when he p opoiion we e now conide ed
 ejeced; "I i
ve y well," 
y exiu; "ince i i dee mined h

p oe hould
poe o much powe , by h
 
me we
pon will we p oec he people.
Come, p
 ici
n, p ocl
im
n
embly fo he elecion of mili
y
 ibune; I will 
e c
e h
 h
 wo d, I FORBID IT, which you lien
o ou colle
gue ch
uning wih o much ple
u e, h
ll no be ve y
delighful o you." No did he h e
 f
ll ineffecu
l: no elecion
we e held, excep hoe of dile
nd plebei
n  ibune. Liciniu
nd
exiu, being e-eleced plebei
n  ibune, uffe ed no
ny cu ule
m
gi
e o be
ppoined,
nd hi o
l
bence of m
gi
e
coninued in he ciy fo he p
ce of five ye
, he people
e-elecing he wo  ibune,
nd hee p evening he elecion of
mili
y  ibune.
36. The e w

n oppo une ce
ion of ohe w
: he coloni of
Veli , becoming w
non h ough e
e, bec
ue he e w
 no Rom
n
my,
m
de epe
ed incu ion on he Rom
n e io y,
nd e
bou l
ying

iege o Tuculum. Thi ci cum

nce, he Tucul
n, old
llie, new
fellow-ciizen, implo ing
id, moved no only he p
 ici
n, bu he
common
lo, chiefly wih
ene of honou . The  ibune of he
common el
xing hei oppoiion, he elecion we e held by he
ine ex;
nd Luciu Fu iu, Aulu M
nliu, e viu ulpiciu, e viu
Co neliu, Publiu
nd C
iu V
le iu, found he common by no me
n o
complying in he levy
 in he elecion;
nd
n
my h
ving been

ied
mid g e
 conenion, hey e ou,
nd no only dilodged he
enemy f om Tuculum, bu hu hem up even wihin hei own w
ll.
Veli beg
n o be beieged by
much g e
e fo ce h
n h
 wih
which Tuculum h
d been beieged; no ill could i be 
en by hoe
by whom he iege h
d been commenced. The new mili
y  ibune we e
eleced fi : Quiniu e viliu, C
iu Veu iu, Aulu
nd M
cu
Co neliu, Quinu Quinciu, M
cu F
biu. Nohing wo hy of menion
w
 pe fo med even by hee
 Veli . M
e  we e involved in g e
e
pe il
 home: fo beide exiu
nd Liciniu, he p opoe  of he
l
w, e-eleced  ibune of he common now fo he eighh ime, F
biu

lo, mili
y  ibune, f
he -in-l
w of olo,
vowed himelf he
unhei
ing uppo e of hoe l
w of which he h
d been he
dvie .
And whe e
, he e h
d been
 fi  eigh of he college of he
plebei
n  ibune p oee 
g
in he l
w, he e we e now only five:

nd (
 i uu
l wih men who le
ve hei own p
y) dim
yed
nd

ounded, hey in wo d bo owed f om ohe , u ged


e
on fo
hei p oe, h
 which h
d been 
ugh hem
 home; "h

g e

numbe of he common we e
ben wih he
my
 Veli ; h
 he

embly ough o be defe ed ill he coming of he oldie , h

 he
eni e body of he common migh give hei voe conce ning hei own
ine e." exiu
nd Liciniu wih ome of hei colle
gue,
nd
F
biu one of he mili
y  ibune, well-ve ed now by
n expe ience of
m
ny ye
 in m
n
ging he mind of he common, h
ving b ough fo w
d
he le
ding men of he p
 ici
n, e
ed hem by ine og
ing hem on
e
ch of he ubjec which we e
bou o be b ough befo e he people:
"would hey d
e o dem
nd, h
 when wo
c e of l
nd
he
d we e
di ibued
mong he plebei
n, hey hemelve hould be
llowed o
h
ve mo e h
n five hund ed
c e? h

ingle m
n hould poe he
h
e of ne
ly h ee hund ed ciizen; whil hi po ion of l
nd
c
cely exended fo he plebei
n o
ined h
bi
ion
nd
pl
ce
of bu i
l? W
 i hei wih h
 he common, u ounded wih uu y,
hould u ende hei pe on o he oc
nd o punihmen,
he
h
n p
y off hei deb by [dich
ging] he p incip
l;
nd h
 pe on
hould be d
ily led off f om he fo um in floc,
fe being
igned
o hei c edio ,
nd h
 he houe of he nobiliy hould be filled
wih p ione ?
nd h
 whe eve
p
 ici
n dwel, he e hould be

p iv
e p ion?"
37. When hey h
d ue ed hee 
emen, ex
pe
ing
nd pii
ble
in he eci
l, befo e pe on
l
med fo hemelve, exciing g e
e
indign
ion in he he
e  h
n w
 fel by hemelve, hey
ffi med
"h
 he e neve would be
ny ohe limi o hei occupying he l
nd,
o o hei buche ing he common by uu y, unle he common we e o
elec one conul f om
mong he plebei
n,

gu
di
n of hei
libe y. Th
 he  ibune of he common we e now depied,
 being
n
office which b e
 down i own powe by he p ivilege of p oe. Th

he e could be no eu
liy of igh, whe e he dominion w
 in he h
nd
of he one p
y,
i
nce only in h
 of he ohe . Unle he

uho iy we e h
ed, he common would neve enjoy
n eu
l h
e in
he commonwe
lh; no w
 he e
ny e
on why
ny one hould hin i
enough h
 plebei
n we e 
en ino
ccoun
 he conul
elecion;
unle i we e m
de indipen
ble h
 one conul
 le
 hould be
f om he common, no one would be eleced. O h
d hey
l e
dy

fo goen, h
 when i h
d been dee mined h
 mili
y  ibune
hould be eleced
he h
n conul, fo hi e
on, h
 he highe
honou  hould be opened o plebei
n
lo, no one ou of he common
w
 eleced mili
y  ibune fo fo y-fou ye
? How could hey
uppoe, h
 hey would volun
ily confe , when he e
e bu wo
pl
ce,
h
e of he honou on he common, who
 he elecion of
mili
y  ibune ued o monopolize he eigh pl
ce?
nd h
 hey
would uffe
w
y o be opened o he conulhip, who ep he
 ibunehip o long
ime fenced up? Th
 hey mu ob
in by
l
w,
wh
 could no be ob
ined by influence
 elecion;
nd h
 one
conul
e mu be e
p
 ou of he w
y of cone, o which he
common m
y h
ve
cce; ince when lef open o dipue i i u e eve
o become he p ize of he mo e powe ful. No c
n h
 now be
lleged,
which hey ued fo me ly o bo
 of, h
 he e we e no
mong he
plebei
n u
lified pe on fo cu ule m
gi
cie. Fo , w
 he
gove nmen conduced wih le
civiy
nd le vigou , ince he
 ibun
e of Publiu Liciniu C
lvu, who w
 he fi  plebei
n eleced
o h
 office, h
n i w
 conduced du ing hoe ye
 when no one bu
p
 ici
n w

mili
y  ibune? N
y, on he con
y, eve
l
p
 ici
n h
d been condemned
fe hei  ibunehip, no plebei
n.
Quo 
lo,
 mili
y  ibune, beg
n o be eleced f om he
common
few ye
 befo e; no h
d he Rom
n people been di
ified
wih
ny one of hem. The conul
e ill em
ined fo he

inmen of
he plebei
n; h
 i w
 he bulw
, he p op of hei libe y. If
hey hould

in h
, hen h
 he Rom
n people would conide h

ing we e e
lly expelled f om he ciy,
nd hei libe y fi mly
e
blihed. Fo f om h
 d
y h
 eve y hing in which he p
 ici
n
u p
ed hem, would flow in on he common, powe
nd honou , mili
y
glo y, bi h, nobiliy, v
lu
ble
 p een fo hei own enjoymen,
u e o be lef ill mo e v
lu
ble o hei child en." When hey 
w
uch dicou e f
vou
bly liened o, hey publih
new p opoiion;
h
 ine
d of wo commiione  fo pe fo ming eligiou ie, en
hould be
ppoined; o h
 one h
lf hould be eleced ou of he
common, he ohe h
lf f om he p
 ici
n;
nd hey defe ed he
meeing [fo he dicuion] of
ll hoe p opoiion, ill he coming
of h

my which w
 beieging Veli .
38. The ye
w
 compleed befo e he legion we e b ough b
c f om
Veli . Thu he ueion eg
ding he l
w w
 upended
nd defe ed
fo he new mili
y  ibune; fo he common e-eleced he 
me wo
plebei
n  ibune, bec
ue hey we e he p opoe  of he l
w. Tiu
Quinciu, e viu Co neliu, e viu ulpiciu, pu iu e viliu,
Luciu P
pi iu, Luciu V
le iu, we e eleced mili
y  ibune.
Immedi
ely
 he commencemen of he ye
he ueion
bou he l
w
w
 puhed o he ex eme of conenion;
nd when he  ibe we e
c
lled, no did he p oe of hei colle
gue p even he p opoe  of
he l
w, he p
 ici
n being
l
med h
ve ecou e o hei wo l


id, o he highe
uho iy
nd he highe ciizen. I i eolved
h

dic
o be
ppoined: M
cu Fu iu C
millu i
ppoined, who
nomin
e Luciu miliu hi m
e of he ho e. To mee o powe ful

me
u e of hei opponen, he p opoe  of he l
w
lo e fo h he
people' c
ue wih g e
 dee min
ion of mind,
nd h
ving convened
n

embly of he people, hey ummon he  ibe o voe. When he
dic
o oo hi e
,
ccomp
nied by
b
nd of p
 ici
n, full of

nge
nd of h e
,
nd he buine w
 going on
 fi  wih he
uu
l conenion of he plebei
n  ibune, ome p opoing he l
w
nd
ohe  p oeing
g
in i,
nd hough he p oe w
 mo e powe ful
by igh, ill i w
 ove powe ed by he popul
iy of he l
w
hemelve
nd of hei p opoe ,
nd when he fi   ibe p onounced,
"Be i
 you p opoe," hen C
millu 
y, "ince, Rom
n,  ibunii
n

ex
v
g
nce, no
uho iy, w
y you now,
nd ye
e ende ing he
igh of p oe,
cui ed fo me ly by
eceion of he common,
o
lly un
v
iling by he 
me violen conduc by which you
cui ed i,
I,
 dic
o , will uppo  he igh of p oe, no mo e fo he
ine e of he whole commonwe
lh h
n fo you 
e;
nd by my

uho iy I will defend you igh of p oecion, which h

ve been
ove u ned. Whe efo e if C
iu Liciniu
nd Luciu exiu give w
y o
he p oe of hei colle
gue, I h
ll no in oduce
p
 ici
n
m
gi
e ino
n
embly of he common. If, in oppoiion o he
igh of p oe, hey will  ive o 
ddle l
w on he 
e
 hough
c
pive, I will no uffe he  ibunii
n powe o be de oyed by
ielf." When he plebei
n  ibune ill pe ied in he m
e wih
un
b
ed ene gy
nd conempuouly, C
millu, being highly p ovoed,
en hi lico  o dipe e he common;
nd
dded h e
, h
 if
hey pe ied he would bind down he younge men by he mili
y o
h,

nd would fo hwih le
d
n
my ou of he ciy. He  uc g e
 e o
ino he people; by he oppoiion he
he infl
med h
n leened he
pi i of hei le
de . Bu he m
e inclining neihe w
y, he

bdic
ed hi dic
o hip, eihe bec
ue he h
d been
ppoined wih
ome info m
liy,
 ome h
ve 
ed; o bec
ue he  ibune of he
people p opoed o he common,
nd he common p
ed i, h
 if
M
cu Fu iu did
ny hing
 dic
o , he hould be fined five hund ed
hou
nd _
e_. Bu boh he dipoiion of he m
n himelf,
nd he
f
c h
 Publiu M
nliu w
 immedi
ely ubiued
 dic
o fo
him, incline me o believe, h
 he w
 dee ed
he by ome defec
in he
upice h
n by hi unp ecedened o de . Wh
 could be he ue
of
ppoining him (M
nliu) o m
n
ge
cone in which C
millu h
d
been defe
ed?
nd bec
ue he following ye
h
d he 
me M
cu Fu iu
dic
o , who ce 
inly would no wihou h
me h
ve eumed
n

uho iy which bu he ye

befo e h
d been wo ed in hi h
nd;

he 
me ime, bec
ue
 he ime when he moion
bou fining him i

id o h
ve been publihed, he could eihe ei hi o de , by which
he 
w himelf deg
ded, o he could no h
ve ob uced hoe ohe 
on
ccoun of which hi w
 in oduced,
nd h oughou he whole e ie
of dipue eg
ding he  ibunii
n
nd conul

uho iy, even down
o ou own memo y, he p e-eminence of he dic
o hip w

lw
y
decided.
39. Beween he
bdic
ion of he fo me dic
o hip
nd he new one
ene ed on by M
nliu,
n
embly of he common being held by he
 ibune,
 if i we e
n ine egnum, i bec
me eviden which of he
l
w p opoed we e mo e g
eful o he common, which o he p opoe .
Fo hey p
ed he bill eg
ding he ine e
nd he l
nd, ejeced
he one eg
ding he plebei
n conul
e. And boh deciion would h
ve
been c
ied ino effec, h
d no he  ibune decl
ed h
 hey
conuled he people on
ll he l
w collecively. Publiu M
nliu,
dic
o , hen inclined he
dv
n
ge o he ide of he people, by
n
ming C
iu Liciniu f om he common, who h
d been mili
y  ibune,

 m
e of he ho e. The p
 ici
n, I unde 
nd, we e much
diple
ed
 hi nomin
ion, bu he dic
o ued o excue himelf
o he en
e,
lleging he ne
el
ionhip beween him
nd Liciniu;

 he 
me ime denying h
 he
uho iy of m
e of he ho e w

highe h
n h
 of conul
 ibune. When he elecion fo he

ppoinmen of plebei
n  ibune we e decl
ed, Liciniu
nd exiu o
conduced hemelve, h
 by denying h
 hey
ny longe dei ed

coninu
ion of he honou , hey mo powe fully imul
ed he common
o effecu
e h
 which hey we e
nxiou fo nowih
nding hei
diimul
ion. "Th
 hey we e now 
nding he ninh ye

 i we e in
b
le-

y
g
in he p
 ici
n, wih he g e
e d
nge o hei
p iv
e ine e, wihou
ny benefi o he public. Th
 he me
u e

publihed,
nd he eni e  engh of he  ibunii
n
uho iy, h
d
g own old wih hem; he

c w
 m
de on hei p opoiion, fi  by
he p oe of hei colle
gue, hen by b
nihing hei youh o he
w

 Veli ;
 lengh he dic
o i
l hunde w
 levelled
g
in
hem. Th
 now neihe colle
gue, no w
, no dic
o ood in hei
w
y;
 being
m
n, who by nomin
ing
plebei
n
 m
e of he
ho e, h
 even given
n omen fo
plebei
n conul. Th
 he common
e
ded hemelve
nd hei ine e. They could, if hey lied, h
ve
he ciy
nd fo um f ee f om c edio , hei l
nd immedi
ely f ee
f om unju poeo . Which indnee, when would hey eve eim
e
hem wih ufficienly g
eful feeling, if, whil eceiving he
me
u e epecing hei own ine e, hey cu
w
y f om he
uho 
of hem
ll hope of diincion? Th
 i w
 no becoming he modey
of he Rom
n people o eui e h
 hey hemelve be e
ed f om uu y,

nd be pu in poeion of he l

nd unjuly occupied by he g e
,
whil hey le
ve hoe pe on h ough whom hey

ined hee

dv
n
ge, become old  ibunii
n, no only wihou honou , bu even
wihou he hope of honou . Whe efo e hey hould fi  dee mine in
hei mind wh
 choice hey would m
e, hen decl
e h
 choice
 he
 ibunii
n elecion. If hey wihed h
 he me
u e publihed by
hem hould be p
ed collecively, he e w
 ome e
on fo
e-elecing he 
me  ibune; fo hey would c
y ino effec wh

hey publihed. Bu if hey wihed h
 only o be ene 
ined which m
y
be nece
y fo e
ch in p iv
e, he e w
 no occ
ion fo he
invidiou coninu
ion of honou ; h
 hey would neihe h
ve he
 ibunehip, no he people hoe m
e  which we e p opoed."
40. In eply o uch pe empo y l
ngu
ge of he  ibune, when
m
zemen

 he inolence of hei conduc

nd ilence  uc
ll he e of he
p
 ici
n moionle, Appiu Cl
udiu C
u, he g
ndon of he
decemvi , i 
id o h
ve epped fo w
d o efue hei
gumen,
[u ged on] mo e by h
 ed
nd
nge h
n by hope [of ucceeding],
nd o
h
ve poen ne
ly o hi effec: "Rom
n, o me i would be neihe
new no u p iing, if I oo on he p een occ
ion we e o he
h

one ch
ge, which h
 eve been
dv
nced
g
in ou f
mily by u bulen
 ibune, h
 even f om he beginning nohing in he 
e h
 been of
mo e impo 
nce o he Cl
udi
n f
mily h
n he digniy of he
p
 ici
n; h
 hey h
ve eve eied he ine e of he common.
Of which ch
ge I neihe deny no objec o he one, h
 we, ince we
h
ve been
dmied ino he 
e
nd he p
 ici
n, h
ve  enuouly
done ou umo, h
 he digniy of hoe f
milie,
mong which ye we e
ple
ed h
 we hould be, migh be  uly 
id
he o h
ve been
inc e
ed h
n diminihed. Wih epec o he ohe , in my own defence

nd h
 of my
nceo , I would venu e o m
in
in, Rom
n, (unle

ny one m
y conide hoe hing, which m
y be done fo he gene
l
good of he 
e, we e inju iou o he common
 if inh
bi
n of

nohe ciy,) h
 we, neihe in ou p iv
e no in ou offici
l
c
p
ciy, eve nowingly did
ny hing which w
 inended o be
de imen
l o he common;
nd h
 no
c no wo d of ou  c
n be
menioned wih  uh con
y o you ine e (hough ome m
y h
ve
been con
y o you inclin
ion). Even hough I we e no of he
Cl
udi
n f
mily, no decended f om p
 ici
n blood, bu
n o din
y
individu
l of he Rom
n ciizen, who me ely fel h
 I w
 decended
f om f ee-bo n p
en,
nd h
 I lived in
f ee 
e, could I be
ilen on hi m
e : h
 Luciu exiu
nd C
iu Liciniu, pe peu
l
 ibune, fo ooh, h
ve
umed uch
oc of
og
nce du ing he
nine ye
 in which hey h
ve eigned,
 o efue o
llow you he
f ee exe cie of you uff
ge eihe
 he elecion o in en
cing
l
w. On
ce 
in condiion, one of hem 
y, ye h
ll e-elec u
 ibune fo he enh ime. Wh
 ele i i, bu 
ying, wh
 ohe 

ue fo , we did
in o ho oughly, h
 wihou ome conide
ion we
will no
ccep i? Bu in he n
me of goodne, wh
 i h

conide
ion, fo which we m
y
lw
y h
ve you  ibune of he common?
h
 ye
dmi collecively
ll ou me
u e, whehe hey ple
e o
diple
e,
e p ofi
ble o unp ofi
ble. I beg you, T
uinii,
 ibune of he common, uppoe h
 I,
n individu
l ciizen, hould
c
ll ou in eply f om he middle of he
embly, Wih you good le
ve
be i pe mied u o elec ou of hee me
u e hoe which we deem
o be benefici
l o u; o ejec he ohe . I will no be pe mied,
he 
y. Mu you en
c conce ning he ine e of money
nd he l
nd,
h
 which end o he ine e of you
ll;
nd mu no hi p odigy

e pl
ce in he ciy of Rome, h
 of eeing Luciu exiu
nd hi
C
iu Liciniu conul,
hing which you lo
he
nd
bomin
e? Eihe

dmi
ll; o I p opoe none. Ju
 if
ny one we e o pl
ce poion

nd food ogehe befo e

ny one who w
 opp eed wih f
mine,
nd
o de him eihe o
b
in f om h
 which would u
in life, o o
mix wih i h
 which would c
ue de
h. Whe efo e, if hi 
e we e
f ee, would hey no
ll in full
embly h
ve eplied o you, Begone
hence wih you  ibunehip
nd you p opoiion? Wh
? if you will
no p opoe h
 which i i he ine e of he people o
ccep, will
he e be no one who will p opoe i? If
ny p
 ici
n, if (wh
 hey
dei e o be ill mo e invidiou)
ny Cl
udiu hould 
y, Eihe

ccep
ll, o I p opoe nohing; which of you, Rom
n, would be
i?
Will ye neve loo
 f
c
he h
n pe on? bu
lw
y lien wih
p
i
l e
 o eve y hing which h
 office will 
y,
nd wih
p ejudiced e
 o wh
 m
y be 
id by
ny of u? Bu, by Jove, hei
l
ngu
ge i by no me
n becoming membe  of
epublic. Wh
! wh
 o 
i he me
u e, which hey
e indign
n
 i h
ving been ejeced by
you? ve y lie hei l
ngu
ge, Rom
n. I
, he 
y, h
 i m
y no
be l
wful fo you o elec,
 conul, uch pe on
 ye m
y wih.
Doe he eui e
ny hing ele, who o de  h
 one conul
 le
 be
eleced f om he common; no doe he g
n you he powe of elecing
wo p
 ici
n? If he e we e w

 he p een d
y, uch
 he
E u i
n fo in
nce, when Po enn
oo he J
niculum, uch
 he
G
llic w
l
ely, when, excep he C
piol
nd ci
del,
ll hee
pl
ce we e in poeion of he enemy;
nd hould Luciu exiu 
nd
c
ndid
e fo he conul
e wih M
cu Fu iu o
ny ohe of he
p
 ici
n: could ye endu e h
 exiu hould be conul wihou
ny
i; h
 C
millu hould un he i of
epule? I hi
llowing

communiy of honou , h
 i hould be l
wful h
 wo plebei
n,
nd
no l
wful h
 wo p
 ici
n, be m
de conul,
nd h
 i hould be
nece
y h
 one be eleced f om
mong he common,
nd l
wful o p

by boh of he p
 ici
n? wh
 fellowhip, wh
 confede
cy i h
? I
i no ufficien, if you come in fo
h
e of h
 in which you h
d
no h
e hihe o, unle whil uing fo
p
 you eize on he
whole? I fe
, he 
y, le, if i be l
wful h
 wo p
 ici
n
e o
be eleced, ye will elec no plebei
n. Wh
 ele i hi bu 
ying,
Bec
ue ye will no of you own choice elec unwo hy pe on, I will
impoe on you he neceiy of elecing pe on whom you do no wih?
Wh
 follow, bu h
 if one plebei
n 
nd c
ndid
e wih wo
p
 ici
n, he owe no oblig
ion o he people,
nd m
y 
y h
 he w


ppoined by he l
w, no by uff
ge?
41. "How hey m
y exo , no how hey m
y ue fo honou , i wh
 hey
ee:
nd hey
e
nxiou o

in he highe honou , o h
 hey
m
y no owe he oblig
ion incu ed even fo he lowe;
nd hey
p efe o ue fo honou 
he h ough f
vou
ble conjuncu e h
n
by me i. I he e
ny one who c
n feel i
n
ff on o h
ve himelf
inpeced
nd eim
ed; who hin i e
on
ble h
 o himelf
lone,

mid  uggling compeio , honou  hould be ce 

in? who would

wihd
w himelf f om you judgmen? who would m
e you uff
ge
nece
y ine
d of volun
y; e vile ine
d of f ee? I omi menion
of Liciniu
nd exiu, whoe ye
 of pe peu
ed powe ye numbe ,

h
 of he ing in he C
piol; who i he e hi d
y in he 
e o
me
n, o whom he o
d o he conul
e i no ende ed e
ie h ough
he
dv
n
ge of h
 l
w, h
n o u
nd o ou child en? in
much

you will omeime no be
ble o elec u even hough you m
y wih i;
hoe pe on you mu elec, even hough you we e unwilling. Of he
inul offe ed o me i enough h
 been 
id (fo me i
ppe 
in o
hum
n being); wh
 h
ll I 
y epecing eligion
nd he
upice,
which i conemp
nd injuice el
ing excluively o he immo 
l
god? Who i he e who doe no now h
 hi ciy w
 buil by

upice, h

ll hing
e conduced by
upice du ing w

nd
pe
ce,
 home
nd
b o
d? In whom he efo e
e he
upice veed

cco ding o he u

ge of ou fo ef
he ? In he p
 ici
n, no doub;
fo no plebei
n m
gi
e i eve eleced by
upice. o peculi
o
u
e he
upice, h
 no only do he people elec in no ohe
m
nne , 
ve by
upice, he p
 ici
n m
gi
e whom hey do elec,
bu even we ou elve, wihou he uff
ge of he people,
ppoin he
ine ex by
upice,
nd in ou p iv
e 
ion we hold hoe
upice,
which hey do no hold even in office. Wh
 ele hen doe he do, h
n

bolih
upice ou of he 
e, who, by c e
ing plebei
n conul,

e hem
w
y f om he p
 ici
n who
lone c
n hold hem? They m
y
now moc
 eligion. Fo wh
 ele i i, if he chicen do no feed?
if hey come ou oo lowly f om he coop? if
bi d ch
un
n
unf
vou
ble noe? Thee
e  ifling: bu by no depiing hee
 ifling m
e , ou
nceo  h
ve
ied hi 
e o he highe
eminence. Now,
 if we h
d no need of he f
vou of he god, we
viol
e
ll eligiou ce emonie. Whe efo e le poniff,
ugu , ing
of he 
c ifice be
ppoined

ndom. Le u pl
ce he i

of
Jupie ' fl
men on
ny pe on, p ovided he be
m
n. Le u h
nd ove
he
ncili
, he h ine, he god,
nd he ch
ge of he wo hip of he
god, o hoe o whom i i impiou o commi hem. Le no l
w be
en
ced, no m
gi
e eleced unde
upice. Le no he en
e give
hei
pp ob
ion, eihe o he
emblie of he cenu ie o of he
Cu i. Le exiu
nd Liciniu, lie Romulu
nd T
iu, eign in he
ciy of Rome, bec
ue hey give
w
y
 don
ion ohe pe on' money

nd l
nd. o g e
 i he ch
m of plunde ing he poeion of ohe
pe on: no doe i occu o you h
 by he one l
w v
 wild
e
p oduced h oughou he l
nd by expelling he p op ieo  f om hei
e io ie; by he ohe c edi i de oyed,
long wih which
ll
hum
n ociey ce
e o exi. Fo eve y e
on, I conide h
 hoe
p opoiion ough o be ejeced by you. Wh
eve ye m
y do, I p
y he
god o ende i ucceful."
42. The peech of Appiu me ely h
d hi effec, h
 he ime fo
p
ing he p opoiion w
 defe ed. The 
me  ibune, exiu
nd
Liciniu, being e-eleced fo he enh ime, ucceeded in p
ing

l
w, h
 of he decemvi  fo eligiou m
e , one h
lf hould be
eleced f om he common. Five p
 ici
n we e eleced,
nd five ou of
he plebei
n;
nd by h
 ep he w
y
ppe
ed opened o he
conulhip. The common, conen wih hi vico y, yielded o he
p
 ici
n, h
,
ll menion of conul being omied fo he p een,
mili
y  ibune hould be eleced. Thoe eleced we e, Aulu
nd
M
cu Co neliu
econd ime, M
cu Geg
niu, Publiu M
nliu, Luciu
Veu iu,
nd Publiu V
le iu
ixh ime. When, excep he iege of
Veli ,
m
e
he of
low h
n dubiou eul, he e w
 no
diuie f om fo eign conce n
mong he Rom
n; he udden umou of

G
llic w
being b ough, influenced he 
e o
ppoin M
cu Fu iu
dic
o fo he fifh ime. He n
med Tiu Quinciu Pennu m
e of

he ho e. Cl
udiu
e  h

b
le w
 fough h
 ye
wih he
G
ul, on he b
n of he Anio;
nd h
 hen he f
mou b
le w

fough on he b idge, in which Tiu M
nliu, eng
ging wih
G
ul by
whom he h
d been ch
llenged, lew him in he igh of he wo
mie
nd
depoiled him of hi ch
in. Bu I
m induced by he
uho iy of eve
l
w ie  o believe h
 hoe hing h
ppened no le h
n en ye

l
e ; bu h
 in hi ye

piched b
le w
 fough wih he G
ul
by he dic
o , M
cu Fu iu, in he e io y of Alb
. The vico y
w
 neihe doubful no difficul o he Rom
n, hough f om he
ecollecion of he fo me defe
 he G
ul h
d diffued g e
 e o .
M
ny hou
nd of he b
b
i
n we e l
in in he field,
nd g e

numbe  in he o ming of he c
mp. The e dipe ing, m
ing chiefly
fo Apuli
, 
ved hemelve f om he enemy, boh by coninuing hei
fligh o
g e
 di
nce,

lo bec
ue p
nic
nd e o h
d
c
e ed hem ve y widely. A  iumph w
 dec eed o he dic
o wih
he concu ence of he en
e
nd common. c
cely h
d he
 ye
finihed he w
, when
mo e violen diu b
nce
w
ied him
 home;

nd by g e
  uggle he dic
o
nd he en
e we e ove powe ed, o
h
 he me
u e of he  ibune we e
dmied;
nd he elecion of
he conul we e held in pie of he ei
nce of he nobiliy,

which Luciu exiu w
 m
de conul, he fi  of plebei
n
n. And
no even w
 h

n end of he cone. Bec
ue he p
 ici
n efued
o give hei
pp ob
ion, he
ff
i c
me ve y ne

eceion of he
people,
nd ohe e ible h e
 of civil cone: when, howeve , he
dienion we e
ccommod
ed on ce 
in e m h ough he ine fe ence
of he dic
o ;
nd conceion o he common we e m
de by he
nobiliy eg
ding he plebei
n conul; by he common o he nobiliy,
wih epec o one p o o be eleced ou of he p
 ici
n, o

dminie juice in he ciy. The diffe en o de  being

 lengh
eo ed o conco d
fe hei long-coninued
nimoiy, when he
en
e we e of opinion h
 fo he 
e of he immo 
l god hey would
e
dily do
hing dee ving,
nd h
 july, if eve on
ny occ
ion
befo e, h
 he mo m
gnificen g
me hould be pe fo med,
nd h

one d
y hould be
dded o he h ee; he plebei
n dile efuing he
office, he young p
 ici
n c ied ou wih one
cco d, h
 hey, fo
he pu poe of p
ying honou o he immo 
l god, would e
dily
unde 
e he 
, o h
 hey we e
ppoined dile. And when h
n
we e eu ned o hem by
ll,
dec ee of he en
e p
ed, h
 he
dic
o hould
 of he people wo pe on
 dile f om
mong he
p
 ici
n; h
 he en
e hould give hei
pp ob
ion o
ll he
elecion of h
 ye
.

BOOK VII.
_Two m
gi
e we e
dded, he p o hip
nd cu ule dilehip. A
peilence
ge in he ciy, which c
ie off he celeb
ed
Fu iu C
millu. cenic ep een
ion fi  in oduced. Cu iu
le
p on ho eb
c compleely
med ino
gulf in he fo um. Tiu
M
nliu, h
ving l
in
G
ul in ingle comb
, who ch
llenged
ny
of he Rom
n oldie , 
e f om him
golden ch
in,
nd hence
ge he n
me of To u
u. Two new  ibe
e
dded, c
lled he
Pompine
nd Publili
n. Liciniu olo i condemned on
l
w which
he himelf h
d c
ied, fo poeing mo e h
n five hund ed
c e
of l
nd. M
cu V
le iu, u n
med Co vinu, f om h
ving wih he

id of
c ow illed
G
ul, who ch
llenged him, i on he
following ye
eleced conul, hough bu weny-h ee ye
 old. A

 e
y of f iendhip m
de wih he C
h
gini
n. The C
mp
ni
n,
ove powe ed by he 
mnie, u ende hemelve o he Rom
n
people, who decl
e w

g
in he 
mnie. P. Deciu Mu 
ve
he Rom
n
my, when b ough ino ve y g e
 d
nge by he conul
A. Co neliu. Conpi
cy
nd evol of he Rom
n oldie  in he
g
ion of C
pu
. They
e b ough o
ene of duy,
nd
eo ed o hei coun y, by M
cu V
le iu Co vu, dic
o .
ucceful ope
ion
g
in he He nici
n, G
ul, Tibu i
n,
P ive ni
n, T
uini
n, 
mnie,
nd Volci
n._
1. Thi ye
will be em

ble fo he conulhip of
m
n of me
n
bi h, em

ble fo wo new m
gi
cie, he p o hip
nd cu ule
dilehip. Thee honou  he p
 ici
n cl
imed o hemelve, in
conide
ion of one conulhip h
ving been conceded o he plebei
n.
The common g
ve he conulhip o Luciu exiu, by whoe l
w i h
d
been ob
ined. The p
 ici
n by hei popul
influence ob
ined he
p o hip fo pu iu Fu iu C
millu, he on of M
cu, he dilehip
fo Cneiu Quinciu C
piolinu
nd Publiu Co neliu cipio, men of
hei own
n. To Luciu exiu, he p
 ici
n colle
gue
igned w

Luciu miliu M
me cinu. In he beginning of he ye
menion w
 m
de
boh of he G
ul, who,
fe h
ving 
yed
bou h ough Apuli
, i
w
 now umou ed we e fo ming ino
body;
nd
lo conce ning
evol
of he He nici
n. When
ll buine w
 pu poely defe ed, o h

nohing hould be 
n
ced h ough me
n of he plebei
n conul,
ilence w
 obe ved on
ll m
e ,
nd

e of in
cion lie o

juiium; excep h
, he  ibune no uffe ing i o p
 unnoiced
h
 he nobiliy h
d
og
ed o hemelve h ee p
 ici
n
m
gi
cie

compen
ion fo one plebei
n conul, iing in
cu ule ch
i , cl
d in he p ex
lie conul; he p o , oo,

dminie ing juice,

nd
 if colle
gue o he conul,
nd eleced
unde he 
me
upice, he en
e we e in coneuence m
de
h
med o
o de he cu ule dile o be eleced f om
mong he p
 ici
n. I w


 fi 
g eed, h
 hey hould be eleced f om he common eve y
econd ye
:
fe w
d he m
e w
 lef open. Then, in he conul
e
of Luciu Genuciu
nd Quinu e viliu,
ff
i  being 
nuil boh

home
nd
b o
d, h
 hey migh
 no pe iod be exemp f om fe

nd
d
nge ,
g e
 peilence
oe. They 
y h

p o ,
cu ule
dile,
nd h ee plebei
n  ibune died of i,
nd h
 eve
l ohe
de
h oo pl
ce in p opo ion
mong he popul
ce;
nd h
 peilence
w
 m
de memo
ble chiefly by he de
h of M
cu Fu iu, which, hough
occu ing

n
dv
nced
ge, w
 ill much l
mened. Fo he w


 uly ex
o din
y m
n unde eve y ch
nge of fo une; he fi  m
n in
he 
e in pe
ce
nd w
, befo e he wen ino exile; ill mo e
illu iou in exile, whehe by he eg e fel fo him by he 
e,
which, when in c
piviy, implo ed hi
id when
ben; o by he
ucce wih which, when eo ed o hi coun y, he eo ed h

coun y
long wih himelf. Fo five
nd weny ye

fe w
d (fo o
m
ny ye

fe w
d did he live) he unifo mly p ee ved hi cl
im o
uch g e
 glo y,
nd w
 deemed dee ving of hei conide ing him,
nex
fe Romulu,
econd founde of he ciy of Rome.
2. The peilence coninued boh fo hi
nd he following ye
, C
iu
ulpiciu Peicu
nd C
iu Liciniu olo being conul. Du ing h

ye
nohing wo h eco ding oo pl
ce, excep h
 fo he pu poe of
implo ing he f
vou of he god, he e w

Lecie nium, he hi d
ime ince he building of he ciy. And when he violence of he
die
e w

llevi
ed neihe by hum
n me
u e no by divine
ine fe ence, hei mind being b oen down by upe iion,
mong
ohe me
n of
ppe
ing he w
h of he
ven, cenic pl
y
lo
e 
id

o h
ve been iniued,
new hing o
w
lie people (fo hihe o
he e h
d been only he how of he ci cu). Bu he m
e w

 ivi
l, (

ll beginning gene
lly
e,)
nd even h
 ielf f om

fo eign ou ce. Wihou

ny poe y, o geicul
ing in imi
ion of
uch poe y,
co  we e en fo f om E u i
, d
ncing o he me
u e
of
muici
n,
nd exhibied,
cco ding o he Tuc
n f
hion, movemen
by no me
n ung
ceful. The young men
fe w
d beg
n o imi
e hee,
h owing ou
 he 
me ime
mong e
ch ohe jocul
exp eion in
uncouh ve e; no we e hei geu e i elev
n o hei l
ngu
ge.
Whe efo e he m
e w
 eceived wih
pp ob
ion,
nd by f euen ue
w
 much imp oved. To he n
ive pe fo me  he n
me of _hi ione_ w

given, bec
ue _hie _, in he Tuc
n voc
bul
y, w
 he n
me of
n

co , who did no,

 fo me ly, h ow ou
le n
ely
le
nd
unpolihed ve e lie he Fecennine

ndom, bu ep eened medley
complee wih me e, he muic being egul
ly
djued fo he
muici
n,
nd wih
pp op i
e geicul
ion. Liviu, who eve
l ye


fe , giving up medley, w

 he fi  who venu ed o dige
o y
wih
egul
plo, (he 
me being, fo ooh,

ll we e
 h

ime, he
co of hi own piece,)
fe h
ving b oen hi voice f om
h
ving been oo epe
edly c
lled on,
nd
fe h
ving ough
pe miion, i 
id o h
ve pl
ced
boy befo e he muici
n o ch
un,

nd o h
ve pe fo med he geicul
ion wih conide
bly f ee
movemen, bec
ue he employmen of hi voice w
 no impedimen o him.
Thence commenced he p
cice of ch
uning o he
co 
cco ding o
hei m
nu
l geicul
ion,
nd he di
logue only we e lef o hei
voice. When by hi

ngemen he buine of he cenic pe fo m
nce
w
 c
lled
w
y f om l
ughe
nd inempe
e mi h,
nd he
muemen
bec
me g
du
lly conve ed ino
n
, he young men, le
ving o
egul

co  he pe fo m
nce of pl
y, beg
n hemelve,
cco ding o
he
ncien u
ge, o h ow ou ludic ou je comp ied in ve e,
which f om h
 ime we e c
lled _exodi
_,
nd we e colleced chiefly
f om he Aell
n f
ce. Which ind of
muemen, eceived f om he
Oci, he young ep o hemelve, no did hey uffe i o be deb
ed
by egul
pl
ye . Hence i em
in
n e
blihed u
ge h
 he

co  of he Aell

n f
ce
e neihe deg
ded f om hei  ibe,
nd
m
y e ve in he
my,
 if h
ving no connexion wih he p ofeion of
he 
ge. Among he  ifling beginning of ohe m
e , i eemed o
me h
 he fi  o igin of pl
y
lo hould be noiced; h
 i migh

ppe
how f om
mode
e commencemen i h
 e
ched i p een
ex
v
g
nce, c
cely o be uppo ed by opulen ingdom.
3. Howeve , he fi  in oducion of pl
y, inended

eligiou
expi
ion, neihe elieved hei mind f om eligiou
we, no hei
bodie f om die
e. N
y mo e, when he ci cu being inund
ed by he
ove flowing of he Tibe h
ppened o ine up he middle of he
pe fo m
nce, h
 indeed,
 if he god we e now u ned f om hem,
nd
depied hei effo  o oohe hei w
h, excied g e
 e o .
Acco dingly, Cneiu Genuciu
nd Luciu miliu M
me cinu being

econd ime conul, when he e

ching fo expi
ion h

ed hei
mind, mo e h
n he die
e did hei bodie, i i 
id o h
ve been
colleced f om he memo y of he mo e
ged, h

peilence h
d
fo me ly been elieved, on he n
il being d iven by
dic
o . Induced
by hi upe iiou ci cum
nce, he en
e o de ed
dic
o o be

ppoined fo he pu poe of d iving he n

il. Luciu M
nliu Impe iou
being
ppoined, n
med Luciu Pin
iu m
e of he ho e. The e i
n

ncien l
w w ien in
niue lee 
nd wo d, h
 whoeve i
up eme office hould d ive
n
il on he ide of epembe . I w

d iven ino he igh ide of he emple of Jupie up emely good
nd
g e
, on h
 p
 whe e he emple of Mine v
i. They 
y h
 he
n
il w

m
 of he numbe of ye
 el
ped, bec
ue lee  we e


e in hoe ime,
nd h
 he l
w w
 efe ed o he emple of
Mine v
, bec
ue numbe i he invenion of h
 godde. Cinciu,

c
eful w ie on uch monumen,
e  h
 he e we e een

Volinii
lo n
il fixed in he emple of No i
,
Tuc
n godde,

indice of he numbe of ye
. M
cu Ho
iu, being conul,
cco ding
o l
w dedic
ed he emple of Jupie he be
nd g e
e he ye

fe he expulion of ing; he olemniy of fixing he n

il w


fe w
d 
nfe ed f om he conul o he dic
o , bec
ue hei 
w

upe io office. The cuom being
fe w
d d opped, i eemed

m
e of ufficien impo 
nce in ielf, on
ccoun of which

dic
o hould be
ppoined. Fo which e
on Luciu M
nliu being

ppoined, ju
 if he h
d been
ppoined fo he pu poe of m
n
ging
he buine of he 
e in gene
l,
nd no o
cui i of

eligiou oblig
ion, being
mbiiou o m
n
ge he He nici
n w
,
h

ed he youh by
eve e levy,
nd
 lengh,
ll he plebei
n
 ibune h
ving ien up
g
in him, whehe ove come by fo ce o
h
me, he eigned he dic
o hip.
4. Nowih
nding hi, in he commencemen of he enuing ye
,
Quinu e viliu Ah
l
, Luciu Genuciu being conul,
d
y of  i
l
i
ppoined fo M
nliu, by M
cu Pomponiu,  ibune of he common.
Hi eve iy in he levie, c
ied no only o he fining of he
ciizen, bu even o he l
ce
ion of hei bodie, hoe who h
d no

nwe ed o hei n
me being ome be
en wih od, ohe  h own ino
p ion, w
 h
eful;
nd mo e h
eful h
n
ll w
 hi violen empe ,

nd he u n
me of Impe iou, offenive o
f ee 
e,
doped by him
f om
n oen
ion of eve iy, which he exe cied no mo e
g
in

nge  h
n hi ne
e f iend,
nd even hoe of hi own blood. And

mong ohe hing, he  ibune

lleged

ch
ge
g
in him h
 "he
h
d b
nihed hi on,
youh conviced of no imp ope conduc, f om he
ciy, home, houehold god, fo um, ligh, f om he ociey of hi
eu
l,
nd conigned him in
m
nne o
p ion o wo houe; whe e

youh of dic
o i
n
n, bo n of
ve y high f
mily, hould le
n by
hi d
ily uffe ing h
 he w
 decended of
 uly impe iou f
he .
And fo wh
 offence? bec
ue he w
 no elouen, no e
dy in
dicou e. Which defec of n
u e, whehe ough i o be  e
ed wih
leniency if he e we e
p
icle of hum
niy in him, o ough i o be
punihed,
nd ende ed mo e em

ble by h
h  e
men? The dumb
be
 even, if
ny of hei offp ing h
ppen o be b
dly fo med,
e
no he le c
eful in nou ihing
nd che ihing hem. Bu Luciu
M
nliu
gg
v
ed he mifo une of hi on by eve iy,
nd fu he
clogged he lowne of hi inellec;
nd if he e we e in him even
he le
 p
 of n
u
l
biliy he exinguihed i by
uic life

nd
clownih educ
ion,
nd eeping him
mong c
le."
5. By hee ch
ge he mind of
ll we e ex
pe
ed
g
in him mo e
h
n h
 of he young m
n himelf: n
y, on he con
y, being g ieved
h
 he w
 even he c
ue of public odium
nd
ccu
ion o hi
f
he , h

ll he god
nd men migh now h
 he would
he
ffo d

id o hi f
he h
n o hi enemie, he fo m he deign,
ch

ce iic of
ude
nd uic mind no doub,
nd hough of

p eceden no confo m

ble o he ule of civil life, ye commend
ble
fo i fili
l piey. H
ving fu nihed himelf wih
nife, wihou he
nowledge of
ny one he p oceed e
ly in he mo ning ino he ciy,
nd
f om he g
e 
ighw
y o he houe of M
cu Pomponiu he  ibune:
he ell he po e , h
 he w
ned o ee hi m
e immedi
ely,
nd
bid him o
nnounce h
 he w
 Tiu M
nliu, on of Luciu. Being
in oduced immedi
ely, (fo he h
d hope h
 he youh, incened

g
in hi f
he , b ough eihe ome new ch
ge, o ome
dvice o

ccomplih he p ojec,)

fe muu
l g eeing, he 
y h
 he e we e

ome m
e  which he wihed o 
n
c wih him in p iv
e. Then,
ll
pe on being o de ed o wihd
w o
di
nce, he d
w hi d
gge ;

nd 
nding ove he couch wih hi d
gge e
dy o  ie, he
h e
en h
 he would immedi
ely 
b him, unle he would we
in
he wo d which he would dic
e, h
 "he neve would hold
meeing of
he common fo he pu poe of p oecuing hi f
he ." The  ibune

l
med, (fo he 
w he eel glie ing befo e hi eye, himelf
lone

nd un
med; he ohe
young m
n,
nd ve y powe ful,
nd wh
 w
 no
le e ifying, 
v
gely fe ociou in hi bodily  engh,) we
 in
he e m in which he w
 obliged;
nd
fe w
d
cnowledged h

fo ced by hi p oceeding he g
ve up hi unde 
ing. No hough he
common would h
ve p efe ed h

n oppo uniy w

ffo ded hem of
p
ing enence on o c uel
nd y
nnic
l
culp i, hey we e no
much diple
ed h
 he on h
d d
ed o
c o in beh
lf of hi
f
he ;
nd h
 w
 he mo e commend
ble in hi, h
 uch g e

eve iy on he p
 of he f
he h
d no we
ned hi mind f om hi
fili
l
ffecion. Whe efo e he ple
ding of hi c
ue w
 no only
dipened wih fo he f
he , bu he m
e even bec
me
ou ce of
honou o he young m
n;
nd when i h
d been dee mined on h
 ye

fo he fi  ime h
  ibune of he oldie  fo he legion hould
be
ppoined by uff
ge, (fo befo e h
 he comm
nde  hemelve
ued o
ppoin hem,
 hey now do hoe whom hey c
ll Rufuli,) he
ob
ined he econd pl
ce
mong ix, wihou
ny me i of
civil o
mili
y n
u e o concili
e public f
vou ;
 he h
d pen hi youh
in he coun y
nd

di
nce f om
ll ine cou e wih he wo ld.
6. On he 
me ye
he middle of he fo um i 
id o h
ve f
llen in o

n immene deph, fo ming

o  of v
 c
ve, eihe by e
on of
n
e
hu
e, o ome ohe violen c
ue; no could h
 gulf be filled
up by h owing e
h ino i, eve y one exe ing himelf o he umo,
unil by he
dmoniion of he god
n inui y beg
n o be iniued,

 o wh
 coniued he chief  engh of he Rom
n people? fo he
ooh
ye  decl
e h
 mu be devoed o h
 pl
ce, if hey dei ed
he Rom
n 
e o be pe peu
l. Then hey ell u h
 M
cu Cu iu,

youh diinguihed in w

, ep oved hem fo hei
ing, whehe
he e w

ny g e
e Rom
n good h
n
m
nd v
lou . ilence being
m
de, looing o he emple of he immo 
l god, which comm
nd
view
of he fo um,
nd ow
d he C
piol,
nd exending hi h
nd
 one
ime ow
d he
ven,

nohe ow
d he infe n
l god, h ough he
g
ping
pe u e of he e
h, he devoed himelf: hen, mouned on

ho e
ccou ed in he mo go geou yle poible, he plunged in full

mou ino he opening,

nd offe ing
nd he f ui of he e
h we e
h own in ove him by he muliude of men
nd women,
nd he l
e w

c
lled Cu i
n no f om Cu iu Meu, he
ncien oldie of Tiu
T
iu, bu f om hi ci cum
nce. If
ny w
y would le
d one' inui y
o he  uh, indu y would no be w
ning: now, when lengh of ime
p eclude
ll ce 
iny of evidence, we mu 
nd by he umou of

diion;
nd he n
me of he l
e mu be
ccouned fo f om hi mo e
ecen o y. Afe due
enion being p
id o o g e

p odigy, he
en
e, du ing he 
me ye
, being conuled eg
ding he He nici
n,
(
fe h
ving en he
ld o dem
nd eiuion in v
in,) voed, h


moion be ubmied on he e

lie d
y o he people on he ubjec of
decl
ing w

g
in he He nici
n,
nd he people, in full
embly,
o de ed i. Th
 p ovince fell by lo o he conul Luciu Genuciu. The

e w
 in
nxiou upene, bec
ue he w
 he fi  plebei
n conul
h
 w

bou o conduc
w
unde hi own
upice, being u e o
judge of he good o b
d policy of e
blihing
communiy of honou ,

cco ding
 he m
e hould u n ou. Ch
nce o

nged i h

Genuciu, m
ching
g
in he enemy wih
conide
ble fo ce, fell
ino
n
mbuh; he legion being oued by e
on of
udden p
nic,

he conul w
 l
in
fe being u ounded by pe on who new no whom
hey h
d l
in. When hi new w
 b ough o Rome, he p
 ici
n, by
no me
n o g ieved fo he public di
e ,
 el
ed
 he
unucceful guid
nce of he plebei
n conul, eve y whe e excl
im, "They
migh now go,
nd elec conul f om he common, hey migh 
nfe
he
upice whe e i w
 impiou o do o. The p
 ici
n migh by

voe of he people be d iven f om hei own excluive honou : whehe
h
d hi in
upiciou l
w
v
iled
lo
g
in he immo 
l god? They
h
d vindic
ed hei
uho iy, hei
upice; which
 oon
 eve
hey we e defiled by one by whom i w
 con
y o hum
n
nd divine l
w
h
 hey hould h
ve been, he de ucion of he
my wih i le
de
w

w
ning, h
 elecion hould he e
fe be conduced in ue
viol
ion of he igh of bi h." The en
e-houe
nd he fo um
eound wih exp eion uch
 hee. Appiu Cl
udiu, bec
ue he h
d
diu
ded he l
w,
nd now wih g e
e
uho iy bl
med he iue of

me
u e which h
d been found f
ul wih by himelf, he conul e viliu

ppoin dic
o by he gene
l wih of he p
 ici
n,
nd
levy
nd
ce
ion of buine
e p oc
imed.
7. Befo e he dic
o
nd he new legion could
ive
mong he
He nici
n, m
e  we e conduced wih g e
 ucce unde he
di ecion of C
iu ulpiciu he lieuen
n-gene
l, m
ing ue of

f
vou
ble oppo uniy. On he He nici
n, who
fe he de
h of he
conul c
me up conempuouly o he Rom
n c
mp wih he ce 
iny of

ing i,

lly w
 m
de by he exho 
ion of he conul, he mind
of he oldie 
lo being full of
ge
nd indign
ion. The He nici
n
we e much di
ppoined in hei hope of
pp o
ching he
mp
; in
uch complee confuion did hey ei e f om hence. Then on he
iv
l
of he dic
o he new
my i joined o he old, he fo ce
e
doubled;
nd he dic
o in
public
embly, by beowing p
ie on
he lieuen
n-gene
l
nd he oldie  by whoe v
lou he c
mp h
d
been defended,
 he 
me ime
ie he pi i of hoe who he
d
hei own dee ved p
ie,
nd
 he 
me ime imul
e he ohe 
o iv
l uch v
lou . Wih no le vigou
e he mili
y p ep

ion
m
de on he p
 of he enemy, who, mindful of he honou p eviouly

cui ed,
nd no igno
n h
 he enemy h
d inc e
ed hei  engh,

ugmen hei fo ce
lo. The eni e He nici
n
ce,
ll of mili
y

ge,
e c
lled ou. Eigh coho , e
ch coniing of fou hund ed men,
he choen  engh of hei people,
e levied. Thi, he elec flowe
of hei youh, hey filled wih hope
nd cou
ge by hei h
ving
dec eed h
 hey hould eceive double p
y. They we e exemp
lo f om
mili
y wo , h
, being ee ved fo he ingle l
bou of fighing,
hey migh feel h
 hey hould m
e exe ion mo e h
n
e m
de by
o din
y men. They
e pl
ced in
n ex
o din
y poiion in he field,
h
 hei v
lou migh be he mo e conpicuou. A pl
in wo mile in
b e
dh ep

ed he Rom
n c
mp f om he He nici
n; in he middle of
hi, he p
ce being
bou eu
l on boh ide, hey c
me o
n
eng
gemen. A fi  he figh w
 ep up wih doubful hope; he Rom
n
c
v
l y h
ving epe
edly e
yed o no pu poe o b e
 he enemy'
line by hei ch
ge. When hei fighing
 c
v
l y w
 le m
ed by
ucce h
n by g e
 effo , he c
v
l y, h
ving fi  conuled he
dic
o ,
nd hen ob
ined hi pe miion, le
ving hei ho e behind,
uh fo w
d in f on of he line, wih
loud hou,
nd ecommence he
b
le
fe
new yle; no could hey be eied, h
d no he
ex
o din
y coho , poeing eu
l vigou boh of body
nd pi i,
h own hemelve in hei w
y.
8. Then he cone i c
ied on beween he le
ding men of he wo

e. Wh
eve he common fo une of w
c
ied off f om eihe ide,
he lo w
 m
ny ime g e
e h
n c
n be eim
ed by he numbe :

he e,
n
med popul
ce,
 if hey h
d deleg
ed he figh o he
le
ding men, e he iue of hei own ucce on he b
ve y of
ohe . M
ny f
ll on boh ide; mo e
e wounded. A lengh he
ho emen, chiding e
ch ohe ,
ing, "wh
 now em
ined," if neihe
when mouned hey h
d m
de
n imp eion on he enemy, no
 inf
n y
did hey
chieve
ny hing of momen; wh
 hi d mode of fighing did
hey w
i fo ? Why h
d hey o fie cely uhed fo w
d befo e he line,

nd fough in
po no belonging o hem? A oued by hee muu
l
chiding, hey
ie he hou
new,
nd p e fo w
d;
nd fi  hey
m
de he enemy h in, hen m
de hem give w
y,
nd
 lengh f
i ly
m
de hem u n hei b
c. No i i e
y o 
y wh
 ci cum
nce
ob
ined he
dv
n
ge
g
in  engh o well m
ched; excep h
 he
con
n fo une of boh people migh h
ve
ied o dep eed hei
pi i. The Rom
n pu ued he He nici
n in hei fligh o hei
c
mp; hey ef
ined f om

cing he c
mp, bec
ue i w
 l
e. The
f
c of no h
ving finihed he 
c ifice wih ucce de
ined he
dic
o , o h
 he could no give he ign
l befo e noon,
nd hence
he cone w
 p o
ced ill nigh. Nex d
y he c
mp of he
He nici
n w
 dee ed,
nd ome wounded men we e found lef behind,

nd he m
in body of he fugiive w
 oued by he igni
n,
 hei

nd
d we e een p
ing by hei w
ll bu hinly
ended,
nd
dipe ed ove he coun y in p ecipi
e fligh. No w
 he vico y
n
unbloody one o he Rom
n;
fou h p
 of he oldie  pe ihed;
nd,
whe e he e w
 no le of lo, eve
l Rom
n ho emen fell.
9. On he following ye
, when he conul C
iu ulpiciu
nd C
iu
Liciniu C
lvu led
n
my
g
in he He nici
n,
nd finding no enemy
in he coun y oo hei ciy Fe eninum by o m,
 hey we e
eu ning hence, he Tibu i
n hu hei g
e
g
in hem. Though
m
ny compl
in h
d been m
de on boh ide befo e hi, hi w
 he
dee mining c
ue why w
w
 decl
ed
g
in he Tibu i
n people,
eiuion h
ving been dem
nded h ough he
ld. I i ufficienly

ce 
ined h
 Tiu Quinciu Pennu w
 dic
o h
 ye
,
nd h

e viu Co neliu M
lugineni w
 hi m
e of he ho e. M
ce
Liciniu w ie, h
 he w
 n
med by he conul fo he pu poe of
holding he elecion, bec
ue hi colle
gue h
ening o h
ve he
elecion ove befo e unde 
ing he w
, h
 he migh coninue he
conulhip, he hough i igh o hw
 hi
mbiiou deign. Thi
being deigned

complimen o hi own f
mily, ende  he
uho iy
of Liciniu of he le weigh. A I find no menion of h

ci cum
nce in he mo e
ncien
nn
l, my mind incline me o conide
h
 he dic
o w

ppoined on
ccoun of he G
llic w
. On h

ye
, ce 
inly, he G
ul piched hei c
mp
 he hi d one on he

l
i
n o
d,
 he fu he ide of he b idge of he Anio. The
dic
o ,
fe he h
d p ocl
imed
ce
ion of civil buine on

ccoun of he G
llic umul, bound
ll he younge ciizen by he
mili
y o
h;
nd h
ving e fo h f om he ciy wih
g e

my,
piched hi c
mp on he hihe b
n of he Anio. The b idge l
y beween
boh
mie, neihe ide
emping o b e
 i down, le i hould be

n indic
ion of fe
. The e we e f euen i mihe fo he poeion
of he b idge; no could i be cle
ly dee mined who we e m
e  of
i, he upe io iy being o indeciive. A G
ul of ve y l
ge 
u e

dv
nced on he b idge, hen unoccupied,
nd 
y wih
 loud
voice

 he could exe , "Le he b

ve m
n h
 Rome now poee come
fo w
d he e o b
le, h
 he even of
n eng
gemen beween u boh
m
y how which n
ion i upe io in w
."
10. The e w
 fo
long ime ilence
mong he young Rom
n nobiliy,

hey we e boh
h
med o decline he cone,
nd unwilling o cl
im
he p incip
l po of d
nge . Then Tiu M
nliu, on of Luciu, he


me who h
d f eed hi f
he f om he vex
iou pe ecuion of he
 ibune, p oceed f om hi 
ion o he dic
o : "Wihou you
comm
nd, gene
l, I would neve figh ou of he o din
y cou e, no
hough I hould ee ce 
in vico y befo e me. If you pe mi me, I wih
o how h
 b ue, who inolenly m
e uch
p

de befo e he
enemy' line, h
 I
m p ung f om h
 f
mily which dilodged
body
of G
ul f om he T
pei
n oc." Then he dic
o 
y, "Tiu
M
nliu, m
y you p ope fo you v
lou
nd duiful
ffecion o you
f
he
nd you coun y. Go on,
nd m
e good he invincibiliy of he
Rom
n n
me wih he
id of he god." Hi comp
nion hen
m he youh;
he 
e
foom
n' hield, gi d himelf wih
p
nih wo d, fi fo

cloe figh. When

med
nd euipped, hey le
d him ou
g
in he
G
ul, who exhibied olid exul
ion,
nd (fo he
ncien hough
h

lo wo hy of menion) h u ou hi ongue in de iion. They
hen ei e o hei 
ion;
nd he wo being
med,
e lef in he
middle p
ce, mo e
fe he m
nne of
pec
cle, h
n
cco ding o
he l
w of comb
, by no me
n well m
ched,
cco ding o hoe who
judged by igh
nd
ppe

nce. The one h
d
body eno mou in ize,
glie ing in
ve of v
iou colou ,
nd in
mou p
ined
nd
inl
id wih gold; he ohe h
d
middle 
u e,
 i een
mong
oldie ,
nd
mien unoen
iou, in
m fi fo e
dy ue
he
h
n
d
ped fo how. He h
d no ong, no c
pe ing, no idle flou ihing
of
m, bu hi b e
, eeming wih cou
ge
nd ilen
ge, h
d
ee ved
ll i fe ociy fo he deciion of he cone. When hey
oo hei 
nd beween he wo
mie, he mind of o m
ny
individu
l
ound hem upended beween hope
nd fe
, he G
ul, lie

huge m
 h e
ening o f
ll on h
 which w
 bene
h i,  eching
fo w
d hi hield wih hi lef h
nd, dich
ged
n ineffecu
l cu of
hi wo d wih
g e
 noie on he
mou of hi foe
 he
dv
nced
ow
d him. The Rom
n,
iing he poin of hi wo d,
fe he h
d
puhed
ide he lowe p
 of he enemy' hield wih hi own,
nd
cloing on him o
 o be exemp f om he d
nge of
wound, ininu
ed
himelf wih hi eni e body beween he body
nd
m of he foe, wih
one
nd immedi
ely wih
nohe h u pie ced hi belly
nd g oin,
nd
 eched hi enemy now p o
e ove
v
 exen of g ound. Wihou
offe ing he body of he p o
e foe
ny ohe indigniy, he depoiled
i of one ch
in; which, hough me
ed wih blood, he h ew
ound hi
nec. Dim
y wih
onihmen now held he G
ul moionle. The
Rom
n, el
ed wih joy,
dv
ncing f om hei po o mee hei
ch
mpion, wih cong
ul
ion
nd p
ie conduc him o he dic
o .
Among hem ue ing ome uncouh je in mili
y f
hion omewh

eembling ve e, he n
me of To u
u w
 he
d: hi n
me, being
ep up, bec
me
fe w
d
n honou o he decend
n even of he
f
mily. The dic
o
dded
p een of
golden c own,
nd befo e

public
embly exolled h

cion wih he highe p
ie.
11. And, indeed, of o g e
 momen w
 he cone wih epec o he
iue of he w
in gene
l, h
 on he nigh following he
my of he
G
ul, h
ving
b
ndoned hei c
mp in confuion, p
ed ove ino he
e io y of Tibu ,
nd f om hence oon
fe ino C
mp
ni
, h
ving
concluded
n
lli
nce fo he pu poe of w
,
nd being
bund
nly
upplied wih p oviion by he Tibu i
n. Th
 w
 he e
on why, on
he nex ye
, C
iu Peliu B
lbu, conul, hough he p ovince of he
He nici
n h
d f
llen o he lo of hi colle
gue, M
cu F
biu
Ambuu, led
n
my, by o de of he people,
g
in he Tibu i
n.
To whoe
i
nce when he G
ul c
me b
c f om C
mp
ni
, d e
dful
dev

ion we e commied in he L
vic
n, Tucul
n,
nd Alb
n
e io ie. And hough he 
e w
 
ified wih
conul
 le
de

g
in he Tibu i
n enemy, he
l
m c e
ed by he G
ul ende ed i
nece
y h

dic
o hould be
ppoined. Quinu e viliu Ah
l

h
ving been
ppoined, n
med Tiu Quinciu m
e of he ho e;
nd
wih he 
ncion of he en
e, vowed he g e
 g
me, hould h
 w

u n ou uccefully. The dic
o hen, h
ving o de ed he conul

my o em
in o confine he Tibu i
n o hei own w
, bound
ll he
younge ciizen by he mili
y o
h, none declining he e vice. A
b
le w
 fough no f
f om he Colline g
e wih he  engh of he
eni e ciy, in he igh of hei p
en, wive,
nd child en: which
being g e
 inciemen o cou
ge, even when hee el
ive
e

ben, being now pl

ced befo e hei eye, fi ed he oldie 
 once
wih feeling of h
me
nd comp
ion. G e
 h
voc being m
de on boh
ide, he G
llic
my i
 lengh wo ed. In hei fligh hey m
e
fo Tibu ,
 being he m
in 
y of he w
;
nd being ine ceped
whil 
ggling by he conul Peliu no f
f om Tibu ,
nd he
Tibu i
n h
ving come ou o b ing hem
id, hey
e wih he l
e
d iven wihin he g
e. M
e  we e m
n
ged wih diinguihed ucce
boh by he dic
o
nd he conul. And he ohe conul, F
biu,

fi  in ligh i mihe,
nd
 lengh in one ingle b
le, defe
ed
he He nici
n, when hey

ced him wih
ll hei fo ce. The
dic
o ,
fe p
ing he highe encomium on he conul in he
en
e
nd befo e he people,
nd yielding up he honou of hi own
exploi o hem, eigned hi dic
o hip. Peliu enjoyed
double
 iumph, ove he G
ul
nd he Tibu i
n. F
biu w
 
ified wih
ene ing he ciy in ov
ion. The Tibu i
n de ided he  iumph of
Peliu; "fo whe e," hey 
id, "h
d he encoune ed hem in he field?
h

few of hei people h
ving gone ouide he g
e o wine he
fligh
nd confuion of he G
ul, on eeing
n

c m
de on
hemelve,
nd h
 hoe who c
me in he w
y we e l
ughe ed wihou
diincion, h
d ei ed wihin he ciy. Did h
 eem o he Rom
n
wo hy of
 iumph? They hould no conide i
n ex
o din
y
nd
wond ou fe
 o
ie
umul
 he enemy' g
e,
 hey hould
oon ee g e
e confuion befo e hei own w
ll."
12. Acco dingly in he ye
following, M
cu Popiliu Ln

nd Cneiu
M
nliu being conul, du ing he fi  ilence of he nigh h
ving e
ou f om Tibu wih
n
my p ep
ed fo
cion, hey c
me o he ciy
of Rome. The uddenne of he hing,
nd he p
nic occu ing
 nigh,
occ
ioned ome e o
mong hem on being uddenly
oued f om leep;
fu he , he igno
nce of m
ny
 o who he enemy we e o whence hey
h
d come. Howeve hey uicly
n o
m,
nd gu
d we e poed

he g
e,
nd he w
ll we e ecu ed wih  oop;
nd when d
yligh
howed bu
n inconide
ble fo ce befo e he w
ll,
nd h
 he enemy
we e none ohe h
n he Tibu ine, he conul, h
ving gone fo h f om
he wo g
e,

c on eihe ide he
my of hee now
dv
ncing up
o he w
ll;
nd i bec
me obviou h
 hey h
d come elying
he on
he oppo uniy h
n on hei v
lou , fo hey h
dly u
ined he
fi  ch
ge of he Rom
n. N
y mo e, i w
 eviden h
 hei coming
p oved
n
dv
n
ge o he Rom
n,
nd h

diu b
nce ju
iing
beween he p
 ici
n
nd common w
 checed by he d e
d of
w
o
ne
hem. In he nex w
he e w

nohe i upion of he enemy,
mo e e ible o he coun y h
n o he ciy. The T
uini
n ove
n
he Rom
n f onie , commiing dep ed
ion on h
 ide mo e
epeci
lly whe e hey
e coniguou o E u i
;
nd eiuion being
dem
nded in v
in, he new conul, Cneiu F
biu
nd C
iu Pl
uiu,
p ocl
imed w
on hem by o de of he people;
nd h
 p ovince fell o
he lo of F
biu, he He nici
n o Pl
uiu. A umou of
G
llic w

lo w
 g
ining g ound. Bu
mid hei m
ny e o , hey h
d ome
conol
ion f om
pe
ce g
ned o he L
in
 hei own eue,


lo f om
conide
ble einfo cemen of oldie  eceived f om hem in
confo miy wih
n old  e
y, which, hey h
d fo eve
l ye
 ce
ed
o obe ve. When he Rom
n c
ue w
 uppo ed by hi
id, he iding

h
 he G
ul h
d come o P nee
nd we e enc
mped ne
o Pedum,
we e le heeded. I w
 dee mined h
 C
iu ulpiciu hould be

ppoined dic
o . C
iu Pl
uiu he conul, being en fo fo he
pu poe, nomin
ed him; M
cu V
le iu w

igned
 m
e of he
ho e o he dic
o . Thee h
ving eleced he be of he oldie 
ou of he wo conul

mie, led hem
g
in he G
ul. Thi w
w

mo e ediou h
n w
 
if
co y o eihe p
y. When
 fi  he
G
ul only we e dei ou of fighing,
fe w
d he Rom
n oldie 
conide
bly u p
ed he fe ociy of he G
ul in hei
dou fo

m
nd b
le; i by no me
n me he
pp ob
ion of he dic
o when
no u gen neceiy exied o un
ny h
z
d
g
in
n enemy, whoe
 engh ime
nd inconvenien iu
ion would d
ily imp
i , in o
l
in
civiy, wihou p oviion p eviouly l
id up o
ny fo ified
iu
ion; beide, being pe on of uch mind
nd bodie, h

ll
hei fo ce l
y in b i exe ion, whil he 
me fl
gged by ho 
del
y. On hee conide
ion he dic
o p o
ced he w
,
nd
denounced
eve e pen
ly
g
in
ny one who hould figh
g
in he
enemy wihou o de . The oldie , being much di
ified wih hi,
fi  cenu ed he dic
o , in hei conve 
ion, when on gu
d
nd on
he w
che; omeime hey found f
ul wih he p
 ici
n in gene
l,
fo no h
ving comm
nded he w
o be conduced by he conul. "Th


n excellen gene
l,
n ex
o din
y comm
nde , h
d been eleced, who
hin h
 whil he doe nohing vico y will fly down f om he
ven
ino hi l
p." Afe w
d hey g
ve exp eion o hee 
me enimen
openly du ing he d
y,
nd o ohe  ill mo e ou
geou; h
 "hey
would eihe figh wihou he gene
l' o de , o would p oceed in

body o Rome." The cenu ion, oo, beg

n o mix wih he oldie ;
nd
hey mu mu ed no only in hei own u
e , bu now hei obe v
ion
beg
n o be confounded ogehe
 he
d-u
e 
nd
 he gene
l'
en,
nd he c owd inc e
ed o he m
gniude of
n
embly,
nd hey
now houed f om
ll u
e  h
 "hey hould go fo hwih o he
dic
o ; h
 exu Tulliu hould pe
 in beh
lf of he
my, o

bec
me hi cou
ge."
13. Tulliu w
 now fo he evenh ime fi  cenu ion of
legion,
no w
 he e in he
my,
 le

mong hoe who e ved in he
inf
n y,
m
n mo e diinguihed by hi conduc. He,
 he he
d of

body of he oldie , p oceed o he  ibun

l,
nd o ulpiciu, no
mo e u p ied
 he c owd h
n
 Tulliu, he le
de of he c owd,

oldie mo obedien o comm

nd, he 
y: "Dic
o , he whole
my,
conceiving h
 hey h
ve been condemned by you of cow
dice,
nd ep
wihou hei
m by w
y of dig
ce, h
 en e
ed me o ple
d hei
c
ue befo e you. In  uh, if h
ving dee ed ou po
ny whe e, if
u ning ou b
c o he enemy, if he dig
ceful lo of ou

nd
d could be l
id o ou ch
ge, I would ill hin i bu ju
h
 we hould ob
in hi f om you, h
 you would uffe u o edeem
ou f
ul by ou b
ve y,
nd o blo ou he memo y of ou dig
ce by
newly
cui ed glo y. Even he legion defe
ed
 he Alli
, when hey

fe w
d e ou f om Veii, ecove ed by hei v
lou he 
me coun y
which hey h
d lo h ough
p
nic. We, by he bouny of he god, you
good fo une,
nd h
 of he Rom
n people, h
ve boh ou c
ue
nd ou
glo y uninju ed. Though of glo y I would c
cely venu e o 
y
ny
hing; ince boh he enemy coff
 u wih eve y ind of inul,

women hiding ou elve behind

mp
;
nd you, ou gene
l, wh
 we
g ieve
 ill mo e, judge you
my o be wihou pi i, wihou

m, wihou h
nd;
nd befo e you h
d m
de  i
l of u, you h
ve o
dep
i ed of u,
 o conide you elf o be he le
de of
e of
m
imed
nd di
bled men. Fo wh
 ele h
ll we believe o be he e
on
why you,
vee
n gene
l, mo v
li
n in w
, i down wih h
nd
folded,
 hey 
y. Bu howeve i m
y be, i i fie h
 you hould

eem o doub of ou cou

ge h
n we of you . If howeve hi pl
n of
p oceeding be no you own, bu
public one, if ome conce ed cheme
of he p
 ici
n,
nd no he G
llic w
, eep u exiled f om he
ciy, f om ou home, I beg h
 you conide wh
 I m
y 
y he e,


dd eed no by oldie  o hei gene

l, bu o he p
 ici
n by he
common, who ell you h

 ye h
ve you ep

e pl
n, o will hey
h
ve hei . Who in he n
me of goodne c
n be
ng y h
 we (conide
ou elve) you oldie , no you l
ve?
 men who h
ve been en o
w
, no ino exile?
 men who, if
ny one give he ign
l,
nd le
d
hem ou ino he field, will figh
 become men
nd Rom
n?
 men
who, if he e be no need of
m, would pend hei idle ime in Rome

he h
n in
c
mp? Conide hee obe v
ion

dd eed o he
p
 ici
n. A you oldie , we en e
 you, gene
l, o
ffo d u
n
oppo uniy of fighing. We boh dei e o conue ,
nd
lo o conue
wih you fo ou le
de ; o confe on you he diinguihed l
u el, wih
you o ene he ciy in  iumph; following you c
wih
cong
ul
ion
nd ejoicing, o
pp o
ch he emple of Jupie
up emely g e

nd good." The en e
ie of he muliude followed he
peech of Tulliu;
nd f om eve y ide hey c ied ou, h
 he would
give he ign
l, h
 he would o de hem o 
e
m.
14. The dic
o , hough he 
w h

good eul w
 b ough
bou by

p eceden no o be
pp oved of, ye oo on himelf o do wh
 he
oldie  wihed,
nd inui e of Tulliu p iv
ely, wh
 he n
u e of
hi 
n
cion w
, o on wh
 p eceden i w
 done? Tulliu
e
nely en e
ed he dic
o "no o believe him fo geful of
mili
y dicipline, of himelf, no of he epec due o hi gene
l;
h
 he h
d no declined o pu himelf
 he he
d of he excied
muliude, who gene
lly we e lie o hei inig
o , le
ny ohe
pe on migh ep fo w
d, uch
n excied muliude we e won o elec.
Th
 fo hi own p
 he would do nohing wihou he o de  of hi
gene
l; h
 he
lo howeve mu c
efully ee, h
 he eep he
my
in obedience. Th
 mind o excied could no be pu off: h
 hey
would chooe fo hemelve ime
nd pl
ce, if hey we e no g
ned by
he gene
l." While hey
e conve ing in hi w
y, i o h
ppened,
h


G
ul w
 d iving
w
y ome c
le feeding on he ouide of
he
mp
 wo Rom
n oldie  oo hem f om him. one we e h own

hem by he G
ul, hen
hou w

ied
 he nex Rom
n po,
nd
eve
l
n fo w
d on boh ide. And now m
e  we e no f
f om

egul
eng
gemen, h
d no he cone been uicly opped by he
cenu ion. By hi even he eimony of Tulliu w
 ce 
inly
confi med wih he dic
o ;
nd he m
e no
dmiing of fu he
del
y,
p ocl
m
ion i iued h
 hey we e o figh on he d
y
following. The dic
o howeve ,
 one who wen ino he field elying
mo e on he cou
ge of hi men h
n on hei nume ic
l  engh, beg
n
o loo
bou
nd conide how he migh by ome
ifice  ie e o
ino he enemy. Wih

g
ciou mind he devie
new p ojec, which
m
ny gene
l boh of ou own
nd of fo eign coun ie h
ve ince

doped, ome indeed in ou own ime. He o de  he p

nnie  o be

en f om he mule,
nd wo ide-cloh only being lef, he moun he
muleee  on hem, euipped wih
m p
ly belonging o he p ione ,

nd ome o he ic. Abou

hou
nd of hee being euipped, he mixe
wih hem one hund ed ho emen,
nd o de  hem o go up du ing he
nigh ino he moun
in ove he c
mp
nd o conce
l hemelve in he
wood,
nd no o i f om hence, ill hey hould eceive
ign
l
f om him. A oon
 d
y d
wned, he himelf beg
n o exend hi line

long he boom of he moun

in, fo he exp e pu poe h
 he enemy
hould f
ce he moun
in. The me
u e fo infuing g oundle e o
being now compleed, which e o indeed p oved
lmo mo e e vice
ble
h
n e
l  engh, he le
de  of he G
ul fi  believed h
 he

Rom
n would no come down o he pl
in: hen when hey 
w hem begin
on
udden o decend, hey
lo, on hei p
 e
ge fo he figh,
uh fo w
d o he encoune ;
nd he b
le commenced befo e he
ign
l could be given by he le
de .
15. The G
ul

ced he igh wing wih g e
e fie cene, no could
hey h
ve been wihood, h
d no he dic
o h
ppened o be on he
po, ebuing exu Tulliu by n
me,
nd
ing him, "W
 i in hi
w
y he h
d eng
ged h
 he oldie  would figh? Whe e now we e he
hou of hoe dem
nding hei
m? whe e he h e
 h
 hey would
commence he figh wihou he o de  of hei gene
l? Behold he
gene
l himelf c
lling hem wih
loud voice o b
le,
nd
dv
ncing
in
m befo e he f on of he line. Would
ny of hoe now follow him,
who we e ju now o h
ve led he w
y; fie ce in he c
mp, bu cow
d
in he field?" Wh
 hey he
d w

ll  ue; whe efo e h
me
pplied
uch  ong incenive, h
 hey uhed upon he we
pon of he enemy,
hei
enion being u ned
w
y f om he hough of d
nge . Thi
one, which w

lmo f
nic
 fi , h ew he enemy ino dio de ;
hen he c
v
l y ch
ging hem whil hu dio de ed, m
de hem u n
hei b
c. The dic
o himelf, when he 
w hei line w
ve ing in
one di ecion, c
ie ound ome  oop o he lef wing, whe e he 
w

c owd of he enemy colleced,

nd g
ve o hoe who we e on he
moun
in he ign
l which h
d been
g eed on. When
new hou
oe
f om h
 u
e
lo,
nd hey eemed o m
e hei w
y in
n obliue
di ecion, down he moun
in o he c
mp of he G
ul; hen h ough fe

le hey hould be cu off f om i, he figh w
 given up,
nd hey
we e c
ied ow
d he c
mp wih p ecipi
e peed. Whe e when M
cu
V
le iu, m
e of he ho e, who,
fe h
ving oued hei lef wing,
w
 iding ow
d he enemie' en enchmen, me hem, hey u n hei
fligh o he moun
in
nd wood:
nd he g e
e p
 of hem we e
he e ine ceped by he f
ll
ciou how of ho emen,
nd he muleee ,

nd of hoe whom p
nic h
d c
ied ino he wood,
d e
dful l
ughe
oo pl
ce
fe he b
le w
 ended. No did
ny one ince C
millu
ob
in
mo e complee  iumph ove he G
ul h
n C
iu ulpiciu. A
conide
ble weigh of gold 
en f om he G
llic poil, which he
encloed in hewn one, he conec
ed in he C
piol. The 
me ye
he
conul
lo we e eng
ged in fighing wih v
iou ucce. Fo he
He nici
n we e v
nuihed
nd ubdued by Cneiu Pl
uiu. Hi colle
gue
F
biu fough
g
in he T
uini
n wihou c
uion o p udence; no
w
 he lo u
ined in he field o much [
ubjec of eg e]

h
 he T
uini
n pu o de
h h ee hund ed
nd even Rom
n
oldie , hei p ione , by which b
b
ou mode of punihmen he
dig
ce of he Rom
n people w
 ende ed conide
bly mo e em

ble.
To hi di
e mo eove w

dded, he l
ying w
e of he Rom
n
e io y, which he P ive n
i
n,
nd
fe w
d he people of
Veli , commied by
udden incu ion. The 
me ye
wo  ibe, he
Pompine
nd Publili
n, we e
dded. The voive g
me, which M
cu
Fu iu in hi dic
o hip h
d vowed, we e pe fo med;
nd
p opoiion
w
 hen fo he fi  ime m
de o he people eg
ding b ibe y

elecion by C
iu Piliu,  ibune of he common, wih he

pp ob
ion of he en
e;
nd by h
 bill hey hough h
 he

mbiion of new men in p

icul
, who h
d been
ccuomed o go
ound
he m
e
nd pl
ce of meeing, w
 checed.
16. No eu
lly ple
ing o he p
 ici
n on he following ye
w


l
w p
ed in he conulhip of C
iu M
ciu
nd Cneiu M
nliu, by
M
cu Duiliu
nd Luciu Mniu,  ibune of he common, eg
ding he
ine e of money
 welve pe cen.,
nd he people eceived
nd
p
ed i wih much mo e e
ge ne. In
ddiion o he new w

dee mined on he p eceding ye
,
new enemy
oe in he F
lici
n,

in coneuence of
double ch
ge; boh h
 hei youh h
d 
en up

m in conjuncion wih he T

uini
n,
nd bec
ue hey h
d efued
o eo e o he dem
nd of he Rom
n he
ld hoe who h
d fled o
F
le ii,
fe he unucceful b
le. Th
 p ovince fell o he lo of
Cneiu M
nliu, M
ciu led he
my ino he P ive n
i
n e io y,
which, f om he long coninu
nce of pe
ce, w
 in
flou ihing
condiion;
nd he en iched he oldie  wih
bund
nce of poil. To he
g e
 u
niy of effec he
dded
n
c of munificence; fo , by
eing
ide nohing fo public ue, he f
vou ed he oldie in hi
ende
vou  o
ccumul
e p iv
e p ope y. When he P ive n
i
n h
d

en hei po in
well-fo ified c
mp unde hei own w
ll, h
ving
ummoned he oldie  o
n
embly, he 
y o hem, "I now give o
you he c
mp
nd ciy of he enemy fo plunde , if you p omie me h

you will exe  you elve b
vely in he field,
nd h
 you
e no
bee p ep
ed fo plunde h
n fo fighing." Wih loud hou hey
c
ll fo he ign
l,
nd el
ed
nd buoyed up wih ce 
in confidence,
hey p oceed o he b
le. Then, in f on of he line, exu Tulliu,
whom we h
ve
l e
dy menioned, excl
im, "Behold, gene
l," 
y he,
"how you
my
e pe fo ming hei p omie o you;"
nd l
ying
ide
hi j
velin, he

c he enemy wo d in h
nd. The whole v
n follow
Tulliu,
nd
 he fi  one pu he enemy o fligh; hen pu uing
hem, when oued, o he own, when hey we e ju
pplying he c
ling
l
dde  o he w
ll, hey eceived he ciy on
u ende . A  iumph
w
 h
d ove he P ive n
i
n. Nohing wo h menioning w

chieved by
he ohe conul, excep h
 he, by
n unuu
l p eceden, holding
n

embly of he  ibe in he c

mp
 u ium, he p
ed
l
w eg
ding
he wenieh p
 of he v
lue of hoe e f ee by m
numiion. A by
hi l
w no m
ll evenue w

dded o he  e
u y, now low, he en
e
g
ve i hei 
ncion. Bu he  ibune of he common, influenced no
o much by he l
w
 by he p eceden, p
ed
l
w, m
ing i

c
pi
l offence fo
ny one in fuu e o ummon
n
embly of he
people

di
nce f om he ciy; fo if h
 we e
llowed, he e w

nohing, no m
e how de ucive o he people, h
 migh no he done
by oldie , who h
d wo n
llegi
nce o hei conul. The 
me ye

C
iu Liciniu olo w
 condemned in
fine of en hou
nd _
e_, on
hi own l
w, by M
cu Popilliu Ln
, bec
ue he poeed in
conjuncion wih hi on
hou
nd
c e of l
nd,
nd bec
ue he h
d

emped o ev
de he l
w by em
ncip
ing hi on.
17. The nex wo conul, M
cu F
biu Ambuu
econd ime,
nd
M
cu Popilliu Ln

econd ime, h
d wo w
 on hei h
nd. The
one wih he Tibu i
n w
 e
y, which Liciniu m
n
ged, who d ove he
enemy ino hei ciy,
nd l
id w
e hei l
nd. The F
lici
n
nd
T
uini
n oued he ohe conul in he commencemen of he figh.
F om hee p
ie he umo e o w

ied, in coneuence of hei
p ie, who, by c
ying befo e hem lighed o che
nd he figu e of
e pen,
nd
dv
ncing wih he g
i of fu ie, diconce ed he Rom
n
oldie  by hei ex
o din
y
ppe

nce;
nd hen indeed hey
n
b
c o hei en enchmen, in
ll he hu y of  epid
ion,
 if
f enzied o hunde  uc;
nd hen when he conul,
nd
lieuen
n-gene
l,
nd  ibune beg
n o idicule
nd chide hem fo
being f ighened lie child en
 me e igh, h
me uddenly ch
nged
hei mind;
nd hey uhed,
 if blindfold, on hoe ve y objec
f om which hey h
d fled. H
ving, he efo e, diip
ed he idle
con iv
nce of he enemy, h
ving

ced hoe who we e in
m, hey
d ove hei whole line befo e hem,
nd h
ving go poeion of he
c
mp
lo on h
 d
y,
nd ob
ined g e
 booy, hey eu ned
vico iou, ue ing mili
y je, boh on he 

gem of he enemy


lo on hei own p
nic. Then he whole E uc
n n
ion i
oued,

nd unde he conduc of he T

uini
n
nd F
lici
n, hey come o


lin. To mee hi
l
m, C
iu M
ciu Ruilu, being
ppoined
dic
o , he fi  plebei
n who w
 o, n
med C
iu Pl
uiu,
lo

plebei
n, m
e of he ho e. Thi w
 deemed
n indigniy by he
p
 ici
n, h
 he dic
o hip
lo w
 now become common,
nd wih

ll hei exe ion hey p evened

ny hing f om eihe being dec eed
o p ep
ed fo he dic
o , fo he p oecuion of h
 w
. Wih he
mo e p ompiude, on h

ccoun, did he people o de hing,

p opoed by he dic
o . H
ving e ou f om he ciy,
long boh ide
of he Tibe ,
nd 
npo ing hi
my on
f whihe oeve hi
inelligence of he enemy led him, he u p ied m
ny of hem 
ggling

bou in c
e ed p
ie, l
ying w
e he l
nd. Mo eove , he
uddenly

ced hei c
mp
nd oo i;
nd eigh hou
nd of he
enemy being m
de p ione ,
ll he e being eihe l
in o d iven
ou of he Rom
n e io y, he  iumphed by o de of he people, wihou
he 
ncion of he en
e. Bec
ue hey neihe wihed h
 he
conul
elecion hould be held by
plebei
n dic
o o conul,
nd
he ohe conul, F
biu, w
 de
ined by he w
, m
e  c
me o
n
ine egnum. The e we e hen ine ege in ucceion, Quinu
e viliu Ah
l
, M
cu F
biu, Cneiu M
nliu, C
iu F
biu, C
iu
ulpiciu, Luciu miliu, Quinu e viliu, M
cu F
biu Ambu
. In
he econd ine egnum
dipue
oe, bec
ue wo p
 ici
n conul
we e eleced:
nd he  ibune p oeing, F
biu he ine ex 
id,
h
 "i w

l
w in he welve 
ble, h
 wh
eve he people
o de ed l
 hould be l
w
nd in fo ce; h
 he uff
ge of he
people we e hei o de ." When he  ibune by hei p oe h
d been

ble o effec nohing ele h

n o pu off he elecion, wo
p
 ici
n we e choen conul, C
iu ulpiciu Peicu
hi d ime,
M
cu V
le iu Publicol
;
nd on he 
me d
y hey ene ed ino office.
18. On he fou hund edh ye

fe he building of he ciy of Rome,

nd he hi y-fifh

fe i ecove y f om he G
ul, he conulhip
being 
en
w
y f om he common
fe eleven ye
, conul, boh
p
 ici
n, ene ed ino office
fe he ine egnum, C
iu ulpiciu
Peicu
hi d ime,
nd M
cu V
le iu Publicol
. Du ing hi ye

Empulum w
 
en f om he Tibu i
n wih
 uggle no wo h
menioning; whehe he w
w
 w
ged he e unde he
upice of he
wo conul,
 ome h
ve 
ed; o whehe he l
nd of he
T
uini
n we e l
id w
e by he conul ulpiciu
bou he 
me ime
h
 V
le iu led he  oop
g
in he Tibu i
n. The conul h
d

mo e
duou cone
 home wih he common
nd  ibune. A wo
p
 ici
n h
d eceived he conulhip, hey conide ed h
 no only
hei eoluion, bu hei honou
lo, w
 involved in hei
conigning i o wo p
 ici
n. Fo if he conulhip we e m
de

plebei
n m
gi
cy, hey mu eihe yield i up eni ely, o poe
i eni e, which poeion hey h
d eceived f om hei f
he 
unimp
i ed. The common on he ohe h
nd loudly emon
e; "Why did
hey live; why we e hey econed in he numbe of ciizen; if hey
collecively c
nno m
in
in h
 which w

cui ed by he fi mne of
wo men, Luciu exiu
nd C
iu Liciniu? Th
 eihe ing, o
decemvi , o , if he e be
ny denomin
ion of powe mo e offenive,
would be ubmied o
he h
n ee boh he conul p
 ici
n, o

he h
n no obey
nd ule in u n; bu he one h
lf, loc
ed in
pe peu
l powe , hin he common bo n fo no ohe pu poe h
n o be
ube vien." The  ibune
e no emi in encou
ging he
diu b
nce; bu
mid he excied 
e of
ll c
cely
ny
e
diinguihed
 le
de . When hey h
d eve
l ime gone down o he
C
mpu M
iu o no pu poe,
nd when m
ny d
y of meeing h
d been
pen in ediiou movemen;
 lengh he eenmen of he common,
ove come by he pe eve
nce of he conul, b oe ou o uch
deg ee,
h
 he common followed in o ow he  ibune, excl
iming, h
 he e

w

n end of libe y; h
 no only he C
mpu hould be elinuihed,
bu he ciy
lo
 being held c
pive
nd opp eed by he y
nny of
he p
 ici
n. The conul, dee ed by
p
 of he people, finih
he elecion neve hele wih he m
ll numbe [who
ended]. Boh he
conul eleced we e p
 ici
n, M
cu F
biu Ambuu
hi d ime,
Tiu Quinciu. In ome
nn
l I find M
cu Popiliu menioned

conul ine
d of Tiu Quinciu.
19. Two w
 we e conduced wih ucce on h
 ye
:
nd hey fo ced
he Tibu i
n by fo ce of
m o
u ende . The ciy of 
ul
w


en f om hem;
nd he ohe own would h
ve h
ed he 
me f
e,
h
d no he eni e n
ion l
id down hei
m,
nd pu hemelve unde
he p oecion of he conul. A  iumph w
 ob
ined by him ove he
Tibu i
n: in ohe epec he vico y w

mild one. Rigo ou
eve iy w
 p
cied
g
in he T
uini
n. A g e
 m
ny being
l
ughe ed in he field, ou of
g e
 numbe of p ione  h ee
hund ed
nd fify-eigh we e eleced,
ll of he highe
n, o be
en o Rome; he e of he muliude we e pu o he wo d. No we e
he people mo e me ciful ow
d hoe who h
d been en o Rome. They
we e
ll be
en wih od
nd behe
ded in he middle of he fo um. Th

w
 he punihmen e
li
ed on he enemy fo hei buche ing he
Rom
n in he fo um of T
uinii. The uccee in w
induced he

mnie o ee hei f iendhip. A cou eou
nwe w
 eu ned o
hei
mb

do  by he en
e: hey we e eceived ino
n
lli
nce by

 e
y. The Rom
n common h
d no he 
me ucce
 home
 in w
.
Fo hough he bu den of ine e money h
d been elieved by fixing he

e
 one o he hund ed, he poo we e ove whelmed by he p incip
l

lone,
nd ubmied o confinemen. On hi
ccoun, he common oo
lile heed eihe of he wo conul being p
 ici
n, o he
m
n
gemen of he elecion, by e
on of hei p iv
e di ee.
Boh conulhip he efo e em
ined wih he p
 ici
n. The conul

ppoined we e C
iu ulpiciu Picu
fou h ime, M
cu V
le iu
Publicol

econd ime. Whil he 
e w
 occupied wih he E u i
n
w
, [ene ed ino] bec
ue
epo  p ev
iled h
 he people of C e
h
d joined he T
uini
n h ough comp
ion fo hem f om hei
el
ionhip,
mb

do  f om he L
in d ew hei
enion o he
Volci
n, b inging iding h

n
my enlied
nd fully
med w

now on he poin of

cing hei f onie ; f om hence h
 hey
we e o ene he Rom
n e io y in o de o commi dep ed
ion. The
en
e he efo e dee mined h
 neihe
ff
i hould be negleced;
hey o de ed h
  oop hould be
ied fo boh pu poe,
nd h

he conul hould c
 lo fo he p ovince. The g e
e h
e of
hei
nxiey
fe w
d inclined o he E u i
n w
;
fe i w


ce 
ined, f om
lee of he conul ulpiciu, o whom he p ovince
of T
uinii h
d f
llen, h
 he l
nd
ound he Rom
n 
lin h
d been
depopul
ed,
nd h
 p
 of he plunde h
d been c
ied
w
y ino he
coun y of he people of C e,
nd h
 he young men of h
 people
we e ce 
inly
mong he dep ed
o . The en
e he efo e, h
ving
ec
lled he conul V
le iu, who w
 oppoed o he Volci
n,
nd who
h
d hi c
mp on he f onie  of Tuculum, o de ed him o nomin
e

dic
o . He nomin
ed Tiu M
nliu, on of Luciu. He,
fe he h
d

ppoined Aulu Co neliu Cou hi m

e of he ho e, conen wih
he conul

my, decl
ed w

g
in he C ii
n by o de of he
people, wih he 
ncion of he en
e.
20. Then fo he fi  ime we e he C ii
n eized wih
e
l d e
d
of w
,
 if he e w
 g e
e powe in he wo d of he enemy o
indic
e w
h
n in hei own
c, who h
d p ovoed he Rom
n by
dev

ion;
nd hey pe ceived how ill uied he cone w
 o hei
 engh. They epened of hei dep ed
ion,
nd cu ed he

T
uini
n
 he inig
o  of he evol. No did
ny one hin of
p ep
ing
m
nd hoiliie; bu e
ch  enuouly u ged he neceiy
of ending
mb

do  o ue fo p
don fo hei e o . When hei

mb

do 
pplied o he en
e, being efe ed by he en
e o he
people, hey implo ed he god, whoe 
c ed uenil hey h
d eceived
in he G
llic w

nd  e
ed wih
ll due ce emony, h
 he 
me
comp
ion fo hem migh influence he Rom
n now in
flou ihing
condiion, which h
d fo me ly influenced hemelve when he 
e of
he Rom
n people w
 di eed;
nd u ning o he emple of Ve
,
hey invoed he bond of hopi
liy ubiing [beween hemelve]

nd he fl
men
nd ve
l ene ed ino by hem wih holy
nd eligiou
ze
l: "Would
ny one believe h
 pe on, who poeed uch me i,
h
d uddenly become enemie wihou c
ue? o if hey h
d commied
ny

c in
hoile m
nne , h
 hey h
d, h ough deign
he h
n unde
he influence of e o f om f enzy, o
ced,
 o c
ncel hei fo me

c of indne by ecen inju ie, mo e epeci

lly when confe ed on
pe on o g
eful,
nd h
 hey would chooe o hemelve
 enemie
he Rom
n people, now in he mo flou ihing 
e
nd mo ucceful
in w
, whoe f iendhip hey h
d culiv
ed when hey we e di eed?
Th
 hey hould no c
ll i deign, which hould
he be c
lled fo ce

nd neceiy. Th
 he T
uini
n, p
ing h ough hei e io y
wih
hoile
my,
fe hey h
d
ed fo nohing bu
p

ge,
fo ced wih hem ome of hei pe

n, o
ccomp
ny hem in h

dep ed
ion, which w
 ch
ged on hem

c ime. Th
 hey we e
p ep
ed o delive hem up, if i ple
ed hem h
 hey hould be
delive ed up; o h
 hey hould be ubjeced o punihmen, if [hey
dei ed] h
 hey hould be punihed. Th
 C e, he 
ncu
y of he
Rom
n people, he h
bou e of i p ie, he ecep
cle of he 
c ed
uenil of Rome, hey hould uffe o ec
pe, in eg
d o he ie of
hopi
liy con
ced wih he ve
l,
nd in eg
d o he eligiou
devoion p
id o hei god, in
c
nd un
ined wih he ch
ge of
hoiliie commied." The people we e influenced no o much by [he
me i of] he p een c
e,
 by hei fo me dee , o
 o be
unmindful
he of he inju y h
n of he indne. Pe
ce w
 he efo e
g
ned o he people of C e,
nd i w
 eolved h
 he m
ing of

 uce fo one hund ed ye

 hould be efe ed o
dec ee of he
en
e. Ag
in he F
lici
n, implic
ed in he 
me ch
ge, he fo ce
of he w
w
 u ned; bu he enemy w
 no whe e found. Though hei
e io ie we e viied in
ll di ecion wih dev

ion, hey
ef
ined f om beieging he own;
nd he legion being b ough b
c
o Rome, he em
inde of he ye
w
 pen in ep
i ing he w
ll
nd
he owe ,
nd he emple of Apollo w
 dedic
ed.
21. A he cloe of he ye

dipue beween he p
 ici
n
nd
common upended he conul
elecion, he  ibune efuing o
llow
he elecion o be held, unle hey we e held confo m
bly o he
Licini
n l
w; he dic
o being dee mined o do
w
y wih he
conul
e
logehe f om he 
e,
he h
n o m
e i common o
he p
 ici
n
nd he common. Acco dingly when, he elecion being
epe
edly
djou ned, he dic
o eigned hi office, m
e  c
me o

n ine egnum. Upon hi, when he ine ege found he common
incened
g
in he f
he , he cone w
 c
ied on by v
iou
diu b
nce o he elevenh ine ex. The  ibune held ou
 hei
ple
, he p oecion of he Licini
n l
w. The people h
d he p
inful
ene of he inc e
ing weigh of ine e ne
e o hei he
;
nd
hei p iv
e  ouble bec
me p edomin
n
mid he public cone.
Th ough he we
iome effec of which he p
 ici
n o de ed Luciu
Co neliu cipio, he ine ex, fo pe
ce' 
e o obe ve he Licini
n
l
w in he elecion of conul. To Publiu V
le iu Publicol
, C
iu
M
ciu Ruilu,
plebei
n, w

igned

colle
gue. Once hei

mind we e dipoed o conco d, he new conul, eing

bou o
elieve he
ff
i of he ine e money
lo, which eemed o p even
pe fec un
nimiy, m
de he p
ymen of he deb
m
e of public
conce n, five commiione  h
ving been
ppoined, whom f om hei
m
n
gemen of he money hey c
lled b
ne . By hei juice
nd
diligence hey dee ved o h
ve hei n
me ign
lized by he eco d of
eve y hio y. They we e C
iu Duiliu, Publiu Deciu Mu, M
cu
P
pi iu, Quinu Publiliu,
nd Tiu miliu; who unde wen


mo difficul o be m
n
ged,
nd di
if
co y in gene
l o boh
p
ie, ce 
inly
lw
y o o one, boh wih mode
ion in ohe
epec,
 well

 he public expene,
he h
n wih
ny lo
[o he c edio ]. Fo he 
dy deb
nd hoe which we e mo e
 oubleome,
he by he ine ne of he debo  h
n by w
n of
me
n, eihe he  e
u y p
id off, 
ble wih money being pl
ced in
he fo um, in uch
m
nne h
 he public w
 fi  ecu ed; o

v
lu
ion,
 eui
ble p ice, of hei p ope y f eed hem; o h

no only wihou inju y, bu even wihou compl
in on eihe ide,
n
immene
moun of deb w
 cle
ed off. Afe hi
g oundle
l
m of

n E u i
n w
,
 he e w

epo  h
 he welve 
e h
d
conpi ed, ende ed i nece
y h

dic
o hould be
ppoined.
C
iu Juliu w
 nomin
ed in he c
mp, (fo he dec ee of he en
e
w
 en hihe o he conul,) o whom Luciu miliu w


ched

m
e of he ho e. Bu
ll hing we e uie
b o
d.
22. An
emp m
de
 home by he dic
o , o h
ve he elecion of wo
p
 ici
n conul, b ough he gove nmen o
n ine egnum. The wo
ine ege, C
iu ulpiciu
nd M
cu F
biu, ucceeded in h
 which
he dic
o h
d in v
in
emped, cil. in h
ving boh he conul
eleced f om he p
 ici
n, he people being
he mo e
ppe
ed in
coneuence of he e vice done hem in lighening hei deb. The
pe on eleced we e, C
iu ulpiciu Peicu himelf, who fi 
eigned he office of ine ex,
nd Tiu Quinciu Pennu. ome

ch
he n
me of Ko, ohe  h
 of C
iu o Quinciu. They boh e ou
o he w
, Quinciu o he F
lici
n, ulpiciu o he T
uini
n;
nd
he enemy no whe e meeing hem in he field, hey w
ged w
mo e

g
in he l
nd h
n he men, by bu ning
nd l
ying w
e eve y hing,
by he debili
ing effec of which,
 of
low conumpion, he
pe in
ciy of boh 
e w
 o b oen, h
 hey olicied
 uce,
fi  f om he conul, hen h ough hei pe miion f om he en
e.
They ob
ined
 uce fo fo y ye
. Thu he conce n eg
ding he
wo w
 which we e h
nging ove hem being l
id
ide, whil he e w

ome epoe f om
m, i w
 dee mined h

cenu hould be
iniued, bec
ue he p
ymen of he deb h
d ch
nged he owne  of
much p ope y. Bu when he
embly w
 p ocl
imed fo he
ppoinmen
of ceno , C
iu M
ciu Ruilu, who h
d been he fi  plebei
n
dic
o , h
ving decl
ed himelf
c
ndid
e fo he ceno hip,
diu bed he h
mony of he diffe en o de . Thi ep he eemed o
h
ve 
en

n une
on
ble ime; bec
ue boh he conul hen
h
ppened o be p
 ici
n, who decl
ed h
 hey would 
e no
ccoun
of him. Bu he boh ucceeded in hi unde 
ing by hi own
pe eve
nce,
nd he  ibune
ided him by ecove ing
igh lo in
he elecion of he conul;
nd boh he wo h of he m
n b ough him
o he level of he highe honou ,
nd
lo he common we e
nxiou
h
 he ceno hip
lo hould be b ough wihin hei p
icip
ion
h ough he medium of he 
me pe on who h
d opened
w
y o he
dic
o hip. No w

ny dien [f om hi feeling] evinced
 he
elecion, o h
 M
ciu w
 eleced ceno
long wih Cneiu M
nliu.
Thi ye

lo h
d M
cu F
biu
 dic
o , no by e
on of
ny
e o of w
, bu in o de h
 he Licini
n l
w hould no be obe ved

 he conul
elecion. Quinu e viliu w


ched o he

dic
o
 m
e of he ho e. No ye did he dic
o hip ende
h
 combin
ion of he en
o  mo e effecu
l
 he conul

elecion, h
n i h
d p oved
 h
 of he ceno .
23. M
cu Popilliu Ln
 w
 choen conul on he p
 of he common,
Luciu Co neliu cipio on h
 of he p
 ici
n. Fo une even ende ed
he plebei
n conul mo e diinguihed; fo when new w
 b ough h


v

my of he G
ul h
d piched hei c
mp in he L
in e io y,
cipio being

ced wih
e iou fi of illne, he G
llic w
w

in ued ou of cou e o Popilliu. He h
ving
ied
n
my wih
g e
 ene gy,
fe he h
d o de ed he younge ciizen o
emble in

m ouide he C

pu
n g
e,
nd he uo  o c
y he 
nd
d
f om he  e
u y o he 
me pl
ce, h
ving compleed fou legion, he
g
ve he u plu of he men o he p o Publiu V
le iu Publicol
,
ecommending o he en
e o
ie
nohe
my, which migh be

ee ve o he 
e
g
in he udden coningencie of w
. He
himelf,
fe ufficienly p ep
ing
nd

nging eve y hing,
p oceed ow
d he enemy;
nd in o de o
ce 
in hei  engh
befo e he hould h
z
d
deciive
cion, he commenced d
wing
n
in enchmen on
hill, he ne
e he could elec o he c
mp of he
G
ul. They being
fie ce
ce
nd of
n e
ge u n fo fighing, when,
on dec ying he 
nd
d of he Rom
n

di
nce, hey d ew ou
hei fo ce,
 expecing o commence he b
le fo hwih, when hey
pe ceived h
 neihe he oppoie
my decended ino he pl
in,
nd
h
 he Rom
n we e p oeced boh by he heigh of he g ound
nd
lo
by he en enchmen, uppoing h
 hey we e dim
yed wih fe
,
nd

lo mo e expoed o

c, bec
ue hey we e inen on he wo , hey

dv
nce wih
fu iou hou. On he ide of he Rom
n neihe he
wo  we e ine uped, (i w
 he  i
ii who we e employed
 hem,)
bu he b
le w
 commenced by he h

i
nd he p incipe, who ood
in f on of he wo men
med
nd p ep
ed fo he figh. Beide hei
own v
lou , he highe g ound
ided hem, o h

ll he pe

nd
j
velin did no f
ll ineffecu
l,
 when h own on he 
me level, (

i gene
lly he c
e,) bu being e
died by hei own weigh hey oo
effec;
nd he G
ul weighed down by he we
pon, wih which hey h
d
hei bodie 
nfixed, o hei hield ende ed oo cumb ou by hoe
icing in hem. When hey
dv
nced
lmo up he eep

un,
becoming i eolue, hey
 fi  h
led; hen when he ve y del
y
hoo he cou
ge of he one p
y,
nd
ied h
 of he enemy, being
hen puhed b
cw
d hey fell one upon he ohe ,
nd p oduced

c
n
ge
mong hemelve mo e hocing h
n he c
n
ge [c
ued by he
enemy]. Fo mo e we e c uhed by he p ecipi
e ou, h
n he e we e
l
in by he wo d.
24. No
 ye w
 he vico y decided in f
vou of he Rom
n;
nohe
difficuly ill w
 em
ining fo hem
fe hey h
d decended ino
he pl
in; fo he g e
 numbe  of he G
ul being uch
 o p even

ll feeling of uch
di
e ,
ied up f eh  oop
g
in he
vico iou enemy,
 if
new
my oe up once mo e. And he Rom
n
ood ill, upp eing hei
dou ; boh bec
ue he  uggle h
d o
be unde gone
econd ime by hem we
ied
 hey we e,
nd he conul,
h
ving hi lef
m well nigh 
nfixed wih
j
velin, whil he
expoed himelf inc
uiouly in he v
n, h
d ei ed fo
ho  ime
f om he field. And now, by he del
y, he vico y w
 on he poin of
being elinuihed, when he conul, h
ving h
d hi wound ied up,
iding b
c o he v
n, c ie ou, "oldie , why do you 
nd? You h
ve
no o do wih
L
in o 
bine enemy, whom, when you h
ve v
nuihed
by you
m, f om
n enemy you m
y m
e
n
lly;
g
in b ue we h
ve
d
wn ou wo d. Thei blood mu be d
wn o ou  given o hem. You
h
ve epuled hem f om you c
mp, you h
ve d iven hem he
dlong down

he v
lley, you 
nd on he p o
ed bodie of you foe. Fill he
pl
in wih he 
me c
n
ge
 you h
ve filled he moun
in; do no
w
i ill hey fly, you 
nding ill; you 
nd
d mu be
dv
nced,
you mu p oceed
g
in he enemy." Roued
g
in by hee
exho 
ion, hey d ive b
c f om hei g ound he fo emo comp
nie
of he G
ul,
nd by fo ming wedge, hey b e
 h ough he cen e of
hei body. By hee me
n, he enemy being diunied,
 being now
wihou egul
comm
nd, o ubo din
ion of office , hey u n hei
violence
g
in hei own;
nd being dipe ed h ough he pl
in,
nd
c
ied beyond hei own c
mp in hei p ecipi
e fligh, hey m
e fo
he ci
del of Alb
, which me hei eye
 he mo elev
ed
mong
hill of eu
l
liude. The conul, no pu uing hem beyond he c
mp,
bec
ue he wound we
ened him,
nd he w
 unwilling o expoe hi
we
ied
my o hill occupied by he enemy, beowed he eni e plunde
of he c
mp on he oldie ,
nd led b
c hi
my, vico iou
nd
en iched wih he G
llic poil, o Rome. The conul' wound occ
ioned

del
y of he  iumph,
nd he 
me c
ue m
de he en
e wih fo

dic
o , h
 he e migh be ome one who, he conul being boh ic,
hould hold he elecion. Luciu Fu iu C
millu being nomin
ed
dic
o , Publiu Co neliu cipio being

ched
 m
e of he
ho e, eo ed o he p
 ici
n hei fo me poeion of he
conulhip. He himelf being, fo h
 e vice, eleced conul, h
d
Appiu Cl
udiu C
u n
med
 hi colle
gue.
25. Befo e he new conul ene ed on hei office,
 iumph w

celeb
ed by Popilliu ove he G
ul
mid he g e

ppl
ue of he
common;
nd hey, in
low voice, f euenly
ed one
nohe , whehe

ny one w
 di
ified wih
plebei
n conul. A he 
me ime hey
found f
ul wih he dic
o , who h
d ob
ined he conulhip


b ibe fo h
ving inf inged he Licini
n l
w, mo e dihonou
ble fo he
p iv
e
mbiion [evinced] he eby h
n fo he inju y infliced on he
public, o h
, when dic
o , he migh h
ve himelf
ppoined conul.
The ye
w
 em

ble fo m
ny
nd v
iou commoion. The G
ul
[decending] f om he Alb
n moun
in, bec
ue hey we e un
ble o
endu e he eve iy of he wine , 
ggling h ough he pl
in
nd he
p

djoining he e
, commied dev

ion. The e
w
 infeed by
flee of he G ee;
nd he bo de  of he Ani
n ho e,
nd he mouh
of he Tibe ; o h
 he m
iime plunde e , encoune ing hoe on
l
nd, fough on one occ
ion
n obin
e figh,
nd ep

ed, he
G
ul o hei c
mp, he G ee b
c o hei hip, doubing whehe
hey hould conide hemelve
 v
nuihed o vico . Among hee
he g e
e
l
m
oe
 he ci cum
nce, h

emblie of he
L
in 
e we e held
 he g ove of Fe enin
;
nd
n uneuivoc
l

nwe w
 given o he Rom
n on hei o de ing oldie  f om hem,
"h
 hey hould ce
e o iue hei o de  o hoe of whoe

i
nce hey ood in need: h
 he L
in would 
e up
m in
defence of hei own libe y,
he h
n fo he dominion of ohe ."
The en
e becoming une
y
 he defecion of hei
llie, whil wo
fo eign w
 exied
 he 
me ime, when hey pe ceived h
 hoe
whom fideliy h
d no e
ined, hould be e
ined by fe
, o de ed
he conul o exe  o he umo he ene gie of hei
uho iy in
holding
levy. Fo h
 hey hould depend on
n
my of hei
coun ymen, ince hei
llie we e dee ing hem. Ten legion
e 
id
o h
ve been levied, coniing e
ch of fou hou
nd wo hund ed
inf
n y
nd h ee hund ed ho e. uch
newly-
ied
my, if
ny
fo eign fo ce hould

il, he p een powe of he Rom
n people,
which i c
cely confined wihin he whole wo ld, could no e
ily

ie now, if concen
ed upon one poin: o  ue i i, we h
ve
imp oved in hoe p
icul
 only
bou which we
e oliciou, iche

nd luxu y. Among he ohe di eing even of hi ye

, Appiu

Cl
udiu, one of he conul, die in he mid of he p ep

ion fo
he w
;
nd he whole di ecion of
ff
i  devolved on C
millu; ove
whom, he only conul, i did no
ppe
eemly h

dic
o hould
be
ppoined, eihe in conide
ion of hi high ch

ce , which
hould no be m
de ubo din
e o he dic
o hip, o on
ccoun of he

upiciou omen of hi u n
me wih epec o
G
llic w
. The conul,
hen, h
ving 
ioned wo legion o p oec he ciy,
nd divided he
em
ining eigh wih he p o Luciu Pin
iu, mindful of hi f
he '
v
lou , elec he G
llic w
fo himelf wihou
ny
ppe
l o lo:
he p o he comm
nded o p oec he e
-co
,
nd o d ive he
G ee f om he ho e. And
fe he h
d m
ched down ino he Pompine
e io y, bec
ue he neihe wihed o eng
ge on he level g ound, no
ci cum
nce ende ing i nece
y,
nd he conide ed h
 he enemy
we e ufficienly ubdued, by p evening f om plunde pe on whom
neceiy obliged o live on wh
 w
 o ob
ined, he eleced

ui
ble pl
ce fo
fixed enc
mpmen.
26. Whe e when hey we e pending he ime in uie in hei u
e ,

G
ul, em

ble fo hi ize
nd he
ppe

nce of hi
m, c
me
fo w
d;
nd  iing hi hield wih hi pe
,
fe he h
d p ocu ed
ilence, h ough
n ine p ee he ch
llenged
ny one of he Rom
n o
conend wih him wih he wo d. The e w

 ibune of he oldie ,

young m
n, M
cu V
le iu, who conide ing himelf no le wo hy of
h
 diincion h
n Tiu M
nliu, h
ving fi 
ce 
ined he
conul' ple
u e,
dv
nced fully
med ino he middle p
ce. The hum
n
cone w
 ende ed le em

ble by e
on of he ine poiion of
he divine powe . Fo ju
 he Rom
n w
 commencing he encoune ,

c ow eled uddenly on hi helme, f

cing he enemy, which,

n

ugu y en f om he
ven, he  ibune
 fi  eceived wih ple
u e.
Then he p
yed h
 wh
eve god o godde h
d en him he
upiciou
bi d, would willingly
nd indly
id him. Wond ou o el
e, he bi d
no only ep he pl
ce i h
d once 
en, bu
 ofen
 he encoune
w
 enewed,
iing ielf on i wing, i

ced he f
ce
nd eye
of he foe wih i be

nd 
lon, unil V
le iu l
y him, e ified

 he igh of uch

p odigy,
nd confounded boh in hi viion
nd
unde 
nding. The c ow o
ing ou of igh m
e ow
d he e
.
Hihe o he
dv
nced gu
d on boh ide em
ined uie. When he
 ibune beg
n o  ip he body of he l
in enemy, neihe he G
ul

ny longe confined hemelve o hei po,

nd he Rom
n beg
n o
un o hei ucceful ch
mpion wih ill g e
e peed. The e

cuffle 
ing pl
ce
ound he body of he p o
e G
ul,
depe
e
figh i i ed up. And now he cone i c
ied on no by he
comp
nie of he ne
e po, bu by he legion pou ing ou f om boh
ide. The oldie  exuling in he vico y of he  ibune,
nd
lo

uch f
vou
nd
enion f om he god,
e comm
nded by C
millu o

dv
nce
g
in he enemy:
nd he, poining o he  ibune diinguihed
by he poil, "oldie ," 
id he, "imi
e hi m
n;
nd
ound hei
f
llen le
de  ew he
p of G
ul." God
nd men
ied
 h

figh;
nd he  uggle w
 c
ied on
g
in he G
ul wih
fu y by
no me
n euivoc
l in i eul, o ho oughly we e boh
mie
imp eed wih he epecive ucce of he wo oldie , beween whom
he ingle comb
 h
d 
en pl
ce. Among he fi  p
y, whoe
encoune h
d c
lled ou he ohe , he e w

depe
e encoune :
he e of he oldie y, befo e hey c
me wihin h ow of
we
pon,
u ned hei b
c. A fi  hey we e dipe ed h ough he Volci
n

nd he F
le ni
n e io y; hence hey m
de fo Apuli

nd he uppe
e
. The conul, c
lling
n
embly,
fe he
ping p
ie on he
 ibune, beow on him en oxen
nd
golden c own. He himelf, being
comm
nded by he en
e o 
e ch
ge of he m
iime w
, joined hi
c
mp o h
 of he p o . The e bec
ue m
e  eemed o be del
yed

by he d

dly conduc of he G ee, who did no venu e ino he
field, wih he
pp ob
ion of he en
e, he nomin
ed Tiu M
nliu
To u
u dic
o . The dic
o ,
fe
ppoining Aulu Co neliu
Cou hi m
e of he ho e, held he conul
elecion,
nd wih
he g e
e
ppl
ue of he people he eu ned M
cu V
le iu Co vu
(fo h
 w
 hi u n
me f om hencefo h)
 conul, hough
ben,
he iv
l of hi own glo y, hen h ee
nd weny ye
 of
ge. A
colle
gue o Co vu, M
cu Popilliu Ln
,
plebei
n, w

igned o
be conul fo he fou h ime. Nohing memo
ble occu ed beween
C
millu
nd he G ee; neihe he one we e w
io  by l
nd, no he
Rom
n by e
. A lengh, when hey we e epelled f om he ho e,
mong
ohe hing nece
y fo ue, w
e
lo f
iling, hey
b
ndoned
I
ly. To wh
 
e o wh
 n
ion h
 flee belonged, he e i
nohing ce 
in. I would be mo inclined o hin h
 hey belonged o
he y
n of icily; fo he f
he G eece, being
 h
 ime
we
ied by ineine w
, w
 now in d e
d of he powe of he
M
cedoni
n.
27. The
mie being dib
nded, whil he e w
 boh pe
ce
b o
d,
nd

nuilliy
 home by e
on of he conco d of he diffe en o de ,
le m
e  migh be oo h
ppy,
peilence h
ving

ced he 
e,
compelled he en
e o o de he decemvi  o inpec he ibylline
boo,
nd by hei uggeion
lecie nium oo pl
ce. The 
me ye

colony w
 led o 
 icum by he Ani
n,
nd he ciy, which he
L
in h
d demolihed, w
 ebuil. And
 e
y w
 concluded
 Rome
wih he C
h
gini
n
mb

do , hey h
ving come o eue
f iendhip
nd
n
lli
nce. The 
me 
nuilliy coninued
 home
nd

b o
d, du ing he conul
e of Tiu M
nliu To u
u
nd C
iu
Pl
uiu. Only he ine e of money f om welve w
 educed o ix pe
cen;
nd he p
ymen of he deb w

djued ino eu
l po ion of
h ee ye
, on condiion h
 he fou h p
ymen hould be m
de
 he
p een ime. And hen
lo, hough
po ion of he common we e
di eed, ill public c edi eng oed he
enion of he en
e in
p efe ence o he difficulie of p iv
e individu
l. Thei
ci cum
nce we e elieved mo effecu
lly, bec
ue
ce
ion w

in oduced of he 
xe
nd levy. On he hi d ye

fe 
 icum w

ebuil by he Volci
n, M
cu V
le iu Co vu h
ving been eleced
conul fo he econd ime wih C
iu Poeeliu, when new h
d been
b ough f om L
ium, h

mb

do  f om Anium we e going ound he

e of he L
in o excie
w
, being o de ed o

c he
Volci
n, befo e g e
e numbe  of he enemy hould be
embled,
p oceed o 
 icum wih hi
my e
dy fo
cion. And when he
Ani
n
nd ohe Volci
n me him, hei fo ce being p eviouly
p ep
ed, in c
e
ny movemen hould be m
de on he p
 of Rome, no
del
y of eng
ging oo pl
ce beween he wo p
ie incened wih long
pen-up h
e. The Volci
n,
n
ion mo e pi ied o enew hoiliie
h
n o c
y on w
, being defe
ed in he figh, m
e fo he w
ll of

 icum in
p ecipi
e fligh;
nd hei eli
nce in hei w
ll no
being ufficienly  ong, when he ciy, encomp
ed by
coninuou
line of  oop, w
 now on he poin of being 
en by c
l
de, hey
u ende ed o he numbe of fou hou
nd oldie , beide he un
med
muliude. The own w
 demolihed
nd bu n; only hey ep he fi e
f om he emple of Mohe M
u
. The eni e plunde w
 given up o he
oldie . The fou hou
nd who h
d u ende ed we e conide ed
excluive of he poil; hee he conul when  iumphing d ove befo e
hi ch
io in ch
in;
fe w
d by elling hem he b ough
g e
 um
of money ino he  e
u y. The e
e ome who 
e h
 hi body of
c
pive conied of l
ve;
nd hi i mo e p ob
ble h
n h

pe on who h
d u ende ed we e expoed o 
le.

28. M
cu F
biu Do o
nd e viu ulpiciu C
me inu ucceeded hee
conul. Afe hi he Au unc
n w
commenced in coneuence of

udden
emp
 dep ed
ion:
nd h ough fe
le hi
c of one

e migh be he conce ed cheme of he whole L
in n
ion, Luciu
Fu iu being c e
ed dic
o ,
 if
g
in
ll L
ium
l e
dy in

m, nomin
ed Cneiu M
nliu C
piolinu hi m
e of he ho e. And
when,
upenion of public buine being p ocl
imed, (
me
u e
uu
lly
doped du ing g e

l
m,) he levy w
 held wihou
exempion, he legion we e led
g
in he Au unc
n wih
ll poible
expediion. The pi i of f eebooe 
he h
n of enemie w
 found
he e. They we e v
nuihed he efo e in he fi  encoune . Howeve
he dic
o , boh bec
ue hey h
d commenced hoiliie wihou
p ovoc
ion,
nd p eened hemelve o he cone wihou eluc
nce,
conide ing h
 he
id of he god hould
lo be eng
ged, vowed

emple o Juno Mone

in he he
 of he b
le,
nd when he eu ned
vico iou o Rome, obliged by hi vow, he eigned hi dic
o hip.
The en
e o de ed duumvi  o be
ppoined o h
ve he emple buil
ui
bly o he g
ndeu of he Rom
n people; he ie deined fo i
w
 in he ci
del, whe e he g ound w
 on which he houe of M
cu
M
nliu C
piolinu h
d ood. The conul, h
ving employed he
dic
o '
my fo he Volci
n w
, oo o
f om he enemy, h
ving


ced hem by u p ie. The emple of Mone
i dedic
ed he ye

fe i h
d been vowed, C
iu M
ciu Ruilu being conul fo he
hi d ime,
nd Tiu M
nliu To u
u fo he econd ime. A p odigy
immedi
ely followed he dedic
ion, imil
o he
ncien one of he
Alb
n moun. Fo i boh
ined one,
nd du ing he d
y nigh eemed
o be p e
d [ove he y];
nd on he boo being inpeced, he 
e
being filled wih eligiou c uple, i w
 eolved by he en
e h


dic
o hould be nomin
ed fo he pu poe of egul
ing he
ce emonie. Publiu V
le iu Publicol
w
 nomin
ed; Quinu F
biu
Ambuu w

igned o him
 m
e of he ho e. I w
 dee mined
h
 no only he  ibe, bu he neighbou ing 
e
lo hould offe
upplic
ion:
nd
ce 
in o de w

ppoined fo hem on wh
 d
y
e
ch hould offe upplic
ion. eve e enence of he people
e 
id
o h
ve been p
ed on h
 ye

g
in uu e , fo whom
d
y of
 i
l h
d been
ppoined by he dile. M
e  c
me o
n ine egnum,
he e being no p
icul
e
on on eco d. Afe he ine egnum, boh
he conul we e eleced f om he p
 ici
n, M
cu V
le iu Co vu

hi d ime,
nd Aulu Co neliu Cou, o h
 i would eem h
 uch
w
 he end
imed
.
29. Hencefo w
d h
ll be eco ded w
 of g e
e impo 
nce, boh by
he  engh of he bellige en powe , by he di
nce of he
coun ie, o he lengh of ime du ing which hey we e c
ied on. Fo
in h
 ye

m we e 
en up
g
in he 
mnie,
n
ion powe ful
boh in we
lh
nd in
m. Py hu followed

n enemy he w
of he

mnie c
ied on wih v
iou ucce, he C
h
gini
n followed
Py hu. How g e

m
 of even! How ofen h
ve ex eme d
nge  been
encoune ed, h
 he empi e migh be
ied o i p een m
gniude,
which i now c
cely u
ined! Bu he c
ue of he w
beween he

mnie
nd Rom
n,
 hey h
d been joined in
lli
nce
nd f iendhip,
c
me f om wihou; i o igin
ed no
mong hemelve. Afe he

mnie h
d unjuly 
en up
m, bec
ue hey h
d he
dv
n
ge in
 engh,
g
in he idicini
n, he we
e p
y being obliged o
h
ve ecou e o he
id of he mo e powe ful, unie hemelve o he
C
mp
ni
n. A he C
mp
ni
n b ough o he elief of hei
llie

he
n
me h
n  engh, ene v
ed
 hey we e by luxu y, hey we e
be
en in he idicini
n e io y by men who we e inu ed o he ue of

m,
nd hen b ough on hemelve he eni e bu hen of he w
. Fo
he 
mnie, 
ing no fu he noice of he idicini
n, h
ving



ced he C
mp
ni
n
 being he chief of he neighbou ing 
e,
f om whom he vico y migh be eu
lly e
y,
nd
g e
e h
e of
poil
nd glo y,
fe hey h
d ecu ed Tif

,
idge of hill h
nging
ove C
pu
, wih
 ong g
ion, hey m
ch down f om hence wih
hei
my fo med in
u
e ino he pl
in which lie beween C
pu

nd Tif

. The e
econd b
le w
 fough;
nd he C
mp
ni
n,
fe

n unucceful figh, being d iven wihin hei w

ll, when he flowe
of hei youh being cu down, no hope w
 nigh
 h
nd, hey we e
obliged o ue fo
id f om he Rom
n.
30. Thei
mb

do , being in oduced ino he en
e, poe
 ne

 poible o hi pu po : "Conc ip f

he , he C
mp
ni
n 
e h

en u o you, o olici f om you f iendhip fo eve ,
nd p een

id, which if we h
d olicied whil ou
ff
i  we e p ope ou,
 i
would h
ve commenced mo e e
dily, o would i h
ve been bound by

we
e ie. Fo hen,
 we hould h
ve ecolleced h
 we ene ed ino
f iendhip on eu
l e m, we migh be eu
lly f iendly
 now, bu
le ubmiive
nd compli
n wih you wihe. Now, won ove by you
comp
ion fo u,
nd defended by you
id in ou c iic
l
ci cum
nce, i i incumben on u h
 we how ou ene
lo of he
indne eceived; le we hould eem ung
eful,
nd undee ving of

id f om eihe god o m
n. No , indeed, do I hin h
 bec
ue he

mnie fi  bec
me you
llie
nd f iend, uch
ci cum
nce i
ufficien o p even ou being
dmied ino f iendhip; bu me ely
how h
 hey excel u in p io iy
nd in he deg ee of honou ; fo no
p oviion h
 been m
de in you  e
y wih he 
mnie h
 you hould
no fo m
ny new  e
ie. I h
 eve been wih you
ufficien ile
o you f iendhip, h
 he who ough i dei ed o be
f iend of
you . We, C
mp
ni
n, hough ou p een 
e fo bid u o pe
 in
high e m, no yielding o
ny 
e 
ve you in he exen of ou
ciy, o in he fe iliy of ou l
nd, come ino f iendhip wih you, no
inconide
ble
cceion in my opinion o you flou ihing condiion. We
h
ll be in he e
of he u
n
nd Volci
n, he ee n
l enemie of
hi ciy, wheneve hey m
y i ;
nd wh
eve ye h
ll be he fi  o
pe fo m in defence of ou 
fey, he 
me h
ll we eve do in defence
of you empi e
nd glo y. Thoe n
ion which lie beween u
nd you
being educed, which boh you b
ve y
nd good fo une m
e i ce 
in
will oon be he c
e, you will hen h
ve
n unine uped empi e
exending even o u. I i di eing
nd p
inful, wh
 ou condiion
oblige u o confe. Conc ip f
he , m
e 
e come o hi, h

we C
mp
ni
n mu be he p ope y eihe of f iend o enemie. If you
defend u, you ; if you dee  u, we h
ll be he p ope y of he

mnie. Conide , hen, whehe you would
he h
 C
pu

nd
ll
C
mp
ni
hould be
dded o you powe o o h
 of he 
mnie.
Rom
n, i i u ely bu ju, h
 you comp
ion
nd you
id hould
lie open o
ll men; o hoe, howeve , chiefly, who, whil hey
ffo d
i beyond hei me
n o ohe  implo ing
id, h
ve hemelve been
involved in hi di e. Alhough we fough nomin
lly fo he
idicini
n, in e
liy fo ou elve, when we 
w
neighbou ing 
e


iled by he nef
iou plunde of he 
mnie;
nd
fe he
idicini
n h
d been conumed, we 
w h
 he confl
g
ion would p

ove o ou elve. Fo he 
mnie do no come o

c u, bec
ue
hey een
n inju y eceived, bu bec
ue hey
e gl
d h

p eex
h
 been p eened o hem. If hi we e he g
ific
ion of hei
eenmen,
nd no
n occ
ion fo 
i
ing hei
mbiion, w
 i no
ufficien h
 hey cu down ou legion once in he idicini
n
e io y,
econd ime in C
mp
ni
ielf? Wh
 o  of eenmen
mu h
 be, which he blood hed in wo piched b
le c
nno

i
e? To hi
dd he l
ying w
e of ou l
nd; he poil of men
nd
c
le d iven
w
y, he bu ning
nd uin of ou coun y-houe, eve y

hing de oyed by fi e
nd wo d. Could no eenmen be 
ified
wih hi? Bu
mbiion mu be 
i
ed. Th
 hu ie hem on o
beiege C
pu
. They eihe wih o de oy h
 mo be
uiful ciy, o
o poe i hemelve. Bu, Rom
n, do you 
e poeion of i in
you indne,
he h
n uffe hem o hold i by injuice. I
m no

dd eing
people who decline ju w
; bu ill, if you m
e bu

how of you
id, I do no hin h
 you will h
ve occ
ion fo w
.
The conemp of he 
mnie h
 ju e
ched o u; i o
 no
highe . Acco dingly, Rom
n, we m
y be p oeced even by he h
dow of
you
id: wh
eve
fe hi we h
ll poe, wh
eve we ou elve
h
ll be, dee mined o conide
ll h

 you . Fo you he
C
mp
ni
n field h
ll be ploughed; fo you he ciy of C
pu
h
ll be
m
de populou; you h
ll be o u in he ligh of founde , p
en,
y,
even immo 
l god. The e h
ll be no colony of you own which h
ll
u p
 u in

chmen
nd loy
ly o you. G
n o he C
mp
ni
n,
conc ip f
he , you nod,
nd you i eiible f
vou ,
nd bid u
hope h
 C
pu
will be 
fe. Wih wh
 c owd of pe on of
ll cl
e

ending u do you uppoe h

 we e ou f om hence--how, hin you,
did we le
ve eve y pl
ce full of vow
nd e
? In wh


e of
expec
ion do you uppoe h
 he en
e
e, he C
mp
ni
n n
ion,
ou wive
nd ou child en? I
m ce 
in h
 he eni e muliude
e

nding
 he g
e, looing fo w
d o he o
d h
 le
d f om
hence,
nxiou
 o wh

nwe you m
y o de u, conc ip f
he , o
b ing b
c o hem, in hei oliciude
nd upene of mind. One ind
of
nwe m
y b ing hem 
fey, vico y, ligh,
nd libe y--wh
 he
ohe m
y, I feel ho o o hin. Dee mine he efo e
bou u,


bou pe on who will be you fuu e f iend

nd
llie, o
 pe on
who
e o h
ve no exience
ny whe e."
31. The
mb

do  hen wihd
wing,
fe he en
e h
d been
conuled, hough o
g e
 m
ny, hei ciy he g e
e
nd
we
lhie in I
ly, hei l
nd he mo fe ile,
nd iu
ed ne
he
e
, eemed liely o p ove
g
n
y o he Rom
n people fo
ll
v
ieie of p oviion; ill he f
ih of hei eng
gemen w
 mo e
eg
ded h
n uch g e

dv
n
ge,
nd he conul, by he di ecion of
he en
e,
nwe ed
 follow: "C
mp
ni
n, he en
e conide  you
dee ving of
id. Bu i i mee h
 f iendhip be o e
blihed wih
you, h
 no p io f iendhip
nd
lli
nce be viol
ed. The 
mnie
e
unied in
 e
y wih u. The efo e we efue you
m
g
in he

mnie, which would be
viol
ion of duy o he god fi ,
nd hen
o men. We will,
 divine
nd hum
n l
w eui e, end
mb

do  o
ou
llie
nd f iend o en e
 h
 no violence be commied
g
in
you?" To hi he chief of he emb
y eplied, (fo uch we e he
in ucion hey h
d b ough f om home,) "ince you
e no willing o
defend by ju fo ce ou poeion
g
in violence
nd injuice,

le
 you will defend you own. Whe efo e, conc ip f
he , we
u ende he C
mp
ni
n people,
nd he ciy of C
pu
, hei l
nd, he
emple of he god,
ll hing divine
nd hum
n, ino you ju idicion

nd h
 of he Rom
n people; wh
eve we h
ll uffe hencefo h, being
dee mined o uffe
 men who h
ve u ende ed o you." On hee
wo d,
ll exending hei h
nd ow
d he conul, b
hed in e

hey fell p o
e in he po ch of he en
e-houe. The f
he ,

ffeced
 he viciiude of hum
n g e
ne, eeing h

n
ion

bounding in we
lh, noed fo luxu y
nd p ide, f om which
lile
ime ince hei neighbou  h
d olicied
i
nce, w
 now o b oen
in pi i,
 o give up hemelve
nd
ll hey poeed ino he
powe of ohe ; mo eove , hei honou
lo eemed o be involved in
no be
ying hoe who h
d u ende ed, no did hey conide h
 he
people of he 
mnie would
c f
i ly, if hey hould

c

e io y
nd
ciy which h
d become he p ope y of he Rom
n people

by
u ende . I w
 eolved he efo e, h

mb

do  hould be
en fo hwih o he 
mnie; in ucion we e given "h
 hey
hould l
y befo e he 
mnie he en e
ie of he C
mp
ni
n, he

nwe of he en
e duly mindful of he f iendhip of he 
mnie,
nd
fin
lly he u ende h
 h
d been concluded. Th
 hey eueed, in
conide
ion of he f iendhip
nd
lli
nce ubiing beween hem,
h
 hey would p
e hei ubjec;
nd h
 hey would no c
y
hoiliie ino h
 e io y which h
d become he p ope y of he
Rom
n people. If by genle me
u e hey did no ucceed, h
 hey
hould denounce o he 
mnie in he n
me of he en
e
nd Rom
n
people, o wihhold hei
m f om he ciy of C
pu

nd he C
mp
ni
n
e io y." When he
mb

do  u ged hee m
e  in he
embly of
he 
mnie, o fie ce
n
nwe w
 eu ned, h
 hey no only 
id
h
 hey would p oecue h
 w
, bu hei m
gi
e, h
ving gone
ou of he en
e-houe, in he ve y p eence of he
mb

do ,
ummoned he p efec of he coho ;
nd wih
diinc voice
comm
nded hem, o p oceed fo hwih ino he C
mp
ni
n e io y, in
o de o plunde i.
32. The eul of hi emb
y being epo ed
 Rome, he c
e of
ll
ohe conce n being l
id
ide, he en
e, h
ving dep
ched he
ld
o dem
nd 
if
cion,
nd, bec
ue hi w
 no complied wih, w

being p ocl
imed in he uu
l w
y, hey dec eed h
 he m
e hould
be ubmied o he people
 he ve y e
lie oppo uniy;
nd boh
he conul h
ving e ou f om he ciy by o de of he people wih wo

mie, V
le iu ino C
mp
ni
, Co neliu ino 
mnium, he fo me
piche hi c
mp
 Moun G
u u, he l
e
 
icul
. The legion of
he 
mnie me wih V
le iu fi ; fo hey hough h
 he whole
weigh of he w
would incline o h
 ide. A he 
me ime
eenmen imul
ed hem
g
in he C
mp
ni
n, h
 hey hould be
o e
dy
 one ime o lend
id,

nohe o c
ll in
id
g
in
hem. Bu
 oon
 hey beheld he Rom
n c
mp, hey fie cely dem
nded
he ign
l e
ch f om hi le
de ; hey m
in
ined h
 he Rom
n would
b ing
id o he C
mp
ni
n wih he 
me f
e wih which he C
mp
ni
n
h
d done o he idicini
n. V
le iu, h
ving del
yed fo
few d
y in
ligh i mihe fo he pu poe of m
ing  i
l of he enemy,
dipl
yed he ign
l fo b
le, exho ing hi men in few wo d "no o
le he new w
o he new enemy e ify hem. In p opo ion
 hey
hould c
y hei
m o
g e
e di
nce f om he ciy, he mo e

nd mo e unw
lie hould he n
ion p ove o be
g
in whom hey
hould p oceed. Th
 hey hould no eim
e he v
lou of he 
mnie
by he defe
 of he idicini
n
nd C
mp
ni
n. Le he comb

n be
of wh
 ind hey m
y be, h
 i w
 nece
y h
 one ide hould be
v
nuihed. Th

 fo he C
mp
ni
n indeed, hey we e undoubedly
v
nuihed mo e by ci cum
nce flowing f om exceive luxu y
nd by
hei own w
n of ene gy h
n by he b
ve y of he enemy. Wh
 we e he
wo ucceful w
 of he 
mnie, du ing o m
ny
ge,
g
in o
m
ny glo iou exploi of he Rom
n people, who couned
lmo mo e
 iumph h
n ye
 ince he building of hei ciy? who held ubdued
by hei
m
ll he 
e
ound hem, he 
bine, E u i
, he
L
in, He nici
n, u
n, Volci
n, Au unc
n? who evenu
lly d ove
by fligh ino he e
,
nd ino hei hip, he G
ul,
fe
l
ughe ing hem in o m
ny eng
gemen? Th
 oldie  ough boh o
ene he field elying on hei n
ion
l mili
y enown,
nd on hei
own v
lou ,
nd
lo o conide unde whoe comm
nd
nd
upice he
b
le i o be fough; whehe he be one which i o be liened o


pompou exho e , bold me ely in wo d, un

cu
ined wih mili
y
l
bou , o one who now how o wield
m himelf
lo, o
dv
nce
befo e he 
nd
d,
nd o how himelf in he mid of he d
nge . My

c, no my wo d me ely, I wih you o follow;

nd o ee f om me no

mili
y o de  only, bu ex
mple
lo. I w
 no by in igue me ely,
no by c
b
l uu
l
mong he noble, bu by hi igh h
nd, I p ocu ed
fo myelf h ee conulhip,
nd he highe eulogie. The e w

ime
when hi could be 
id; [no wonde ,] fo you we e
p
 ici
n,
nd
p ung f om he libe
o  of you coun y;
nd h
 f
mily of you  h
d
he conulhip he 
me ye
h
 he ciy h
d conul. Now he
conulhip lie open in common o u p
 ici
n
nd o you plebei
n;
no i i,
 fo me ly, he p ize of bi h, bu of v
lou . Loo fo w
d,
he efo e, oldie , o even he highe honou . Though you,
 men,
h
ve, wih he
pp ob
ion of he god, given me hi new u n
me of
Co vu, he
ncien u n
me of ou f
mily, Publicol, h
 no been
e
ed f om my memo y. I eve do
nd eve h
ve culiv
ed he good will
of he Rom
n common
b o
d
nd
 home,

p iv
e m
n
nd in public
office, high
nd low,
  ibune eu
lly
 when conul, wih he 
me
undevi
ing line of conduc h ough
ll my ucceive conulhip. Now,
wih epec o h
 which i
 h
nd, wih he
id of he god, join
wih me in eeing
new
nd complee  iumph ove he 
mnie."
33. Neve w

gene
l on
mo e f
mili
fooing wih hi oldie , by
hi pe fo ming
ll he duie
mong he lowe of he oldie  wihou
eluc
nce. Mo eove in he mili
y po , whe ein eu
l vie wih
hei eu
l in cone of wifne
nd  engh,
ff
ble
nd
condecending, he conue ed
nd w
 conue ed wih he 
me counen
nce;
no did he pu n
ny compeio who hould offe ; in hi
c ind

cco ding o he occ

ion; in hi conve 
ion no le mindful of he
e
e of ohe  h
n of hi own digniy;
nd,
hing h
n which nohing
i mo e
g ee
ble o he people, he
dminie ed hi office by he 
me
line of conduc by which he h
d g
ined hem. The whole
my he efo e,
chee ing he exho 
ion of hei le
de wih he umo
l
c iy, m
ch
fo h f om he c
mp. The b
le commenced wih eu
l hope
nd eu
l
 engh on boh ide,
 much

ny b
le eve did, wih confidence
in hemelve,
nd wihou conemp of hei enemie. Thei ecen
exploi
nd hei double vico y
few d
y befo e, inc e
ed he
pi i of he 
mnie on he ohe ide; he glo ie of fou hund ed
ye

nd vico y coev
l wih he building of hei ciy [h
d he 
me
effec] on he Rom
n; o boh ide, howeve , he ci cum
nce of he
enemy being
new one g
ve
ddiion
l
nxiey. The b
le w

p oof
wh
 pi i hey poeed; fo hey m
in
ined he conflic in uch

m
nne , h
, fo
conide
ble ime, he
mie inclined o neihe
ide. Then he conul, hining h
 ome confuion hould be c
ued

mong hem, ince hey could no be ove powe ed by fo ce, ende
vou  o
dio de hei fo emo b

lion by
ch
ge of c
v
l y. And when he

w hem wheel hei  oop wihin
n
ow comp
 in f uile
dio de ,
nd h
 hey could no open
p

ge o he enemy, iding
b
c o he v
n of he legion,
fe le
ping f om hi ho e, he 
y,
"oldie , hi i he 
 fo u inf
n y; come on,
 ye h
ll ee me
m
ing w
y wih my wo d, in wh
eve di ecion I h
ll
dv
nce ino he
enemy' line, o le e
ch m
n, wih
ll hi migh, be
 down hoe who
oppoe him. All hoe pl
ce, whe e hei e eced pe
 now glie ,
you h
ll ee cle
ed by widely-exended l
ughe ." He h
d ue ed
hee wo d, when he c
v
l y by o de of he conul u n o he wing,

nd open
p

ge fo he legion o he cen e of he line. Fi  of

ll, he conul


c he enemy,
nd l
y him whom he h
ppened o
eng
ge. Thoe on he igh
nd lef, fi ed
 hi igh, commence

d e
dful figh, e
ch wih he foe oppoie him. The 
mnie obin
ely

nd hei g ound, hough hey eceive mo e wound h
n hey inflic.
The b
le h
d now l
ed fo
conide
ble ime, g e
 l
ughe
occu ed
ound he 
nd
d of he 
mnie; in no p
 w
 he e

fligh, o fi mly h
d hey m
de up hei mind o be v
nuihed by de
h

lone. Whe efo e he Rom

n, when hey pe ceived hei  engh o el
x

by f
igue,
nd bu
m
ll p
 of he d
y ill em
ined, fi ed wih
fu y, uh upon he enemy. Then fo he fi  ime i
ppe
ed h
 hey
we e giving g ound,
nd h
 he m
e w
 inclining o
fligh; hen
he 
mnie we e 
en, ome l
in; no would m
ny h
ve u vived, h
d
no nigh e min
ed he vico y
he h
n he b
le. Boh he Rom
n
confeed, h
 hey h
d neve fough wih
mo e dee mined enemy;
nd
he 
mnie, on being
ed wh
 c
ue fi  d ove hem o fly
fe
being o dee mined, 
id, h
 i w
 he eye of he Rom
n which
eemed o hem o fl
h fi e,
nd hei di
ced loo,
nd fu iou

pec; h
 mo e of e o
oe f om hence, h
n f om
ny hing ele.
Which e o hey confeed no only in he iue of he b
le, bu in
hei dep
u e by nigh. Nex d
y he Rom
n 
e poeion of he
dee ed c
mp of he enemy, whihe
ll he C
mp
ni
n floced o
cong
ul
e hem.
34. Bu hi joy w
 well nigh
lloyed by
g e
 lo u
ined in

mnium. Fo he conul Co neliu, h
ving e ou f om 
icul
,
inc
uiouly led hi
my ino
moun
inou 
c, p

ble h ough

deep defile,
nd bee on
ll ide by he enemy; no did he pe ceive
he enemy 
ioned ove hi he
d, unil
e e
 could no longe be
m
de wih 
fey. Whil he 
mnie del
yed only ill he hould b ing
down hi eni e
my ino he v
lley; Publiu Deciu,
 ibune of he
oldie , epie in he 
c
hill highe h
n he e, h
nging ove
he enemie' c
mp,
he eep o be
cended by
n encumbe ed
my,
no difficul fo uch
 we e lighly
med. He 
y he efo e o he
conul, g e
ly
l
med in mind, "Aulu Co neliu, do you pe ceive h

elev
ed poin
bove he enemy? Th
 i he bulw
 of ou hope
nd

fey, if we b ily g
in poeion of i, which he 
mnie in hei
blindne h
ve given up. Only give me he fi 
n
nd pe
men of one
legion; when wih hee I h
ll h
ve g
ined he ummi, do you p oceed
hence f ee f om
ll
pp ehenion,
nd 
ve you elf
nd he
my. Fo
he enemy, lying bene
h u
nd [expoed he eby] o
ll ou we
pon,
will no be
ble o i wihou de ucion o hemelve. Afe h

eihe he good fo une of he Rom
n people o ou own b
ve y will
ex ic
e u." Being comm
nded by he conul, he eceived he body of
men [ eui ed]
nd p oceed by ec e p
h h ough he moun
in, no
w
 he obe ved by he enemy unil he
pp o
ched he pl
ce which he w

m
ing fo . Then, whil
ll we e  uc wih
onihmen,
fe he h
d


ced he eye of
ll o himelf, he boh
ffo ded he conul ime
o d
w off hi
my o mo e
dv
n
geou g ound,
nd he himelf w

poed on he op of he hill. The 
mnie, whil hey m
ch hei
fo ce now in hi di ecion, now in h
, h
ving lo he oppo uniy
of effecing eihe objec, c
n neihe pu ue he conul, unle
h ough he 
me defile in which hey h
d him
lile befo e expoed o
hei we
pon, no m
ch up he iing g ound ove hemelve, which h
d
been eized on by Deciu. Bu boh hei eenmen imul
ed hem mo e

g
in he l
e , who h
d 
en f om hem he f
vou
ble oppo uniy
of
chieving hei objec,
nd
lo he p oximiy of he pl
ce,
nd he
p
uciy of he enemy;
nd one ime hey would f
in u ound he hill on

ll ide wih
med men, o
 o cu off Deciu f om he conul;


nohe ime hey wihed o open

p

ge, o h
 hey m
y f
ll on
hem when hey h
d decended ino he defile. Befo e hey h
d dee mined
on wh
 hey hould do, nigh c
me on hem. Deciu
 fi  ene 
ined

hope, h
 he would h
ve o eng
ge hem f om he highe g ound,

hey
cended
g
in he eep; hen u p ie oo poeion of him,
h
 hey neihe commenced he figh, no if hey we e dee ed f om
h
 by he unevenne of he g ound, h
 hey did no u ound him
wih wo 
nd
ci cumv
ll
ion. Then ummoning he cenu ion o him,
he 
id, "Wh
 igno
nce of w

nd indolence i h
? o how did uch
men ob
in
vico y ove he idicini
n
nd C
mp
ni
n? You ee h


hei b

lion move o
nd f o, h
 omeime hey
e colleced o
one po,
 ohe ime hey
e d
wn ou. A fo wo , no one

emp i, when we migh by hi ime h

ve been u ounded wih

mp
. Then indeed hould we be lie o hem, if we del
y longe he e
h
n i expedien. Come on,
ccomp
ny me; h
 whil ome d
y ligh
em
in, we m
y
ce 
in in wh
 pl
ce hey pu hei gu
d, in wh

di ecion
n ec
pe m
y lie open f om hence." All hee poin he
c
efully obe ved, cl
d in
oldie ' ve, he cenu ion whom he
oo wih him being
lo in he
i e of common oldie , le he
enemy migh noice he gene
l going he ound.
35. Then h
ving pl
ced w
ch-gu
d, he comm
nd he ice o be iued
o
ll he e, h
 when he ign
l h
d been given by he  umpe of
he econd w
ch, hey hould
emble o him in ilence fully
med.
Whihe when hey h
d
embled in ilence
cco ding o he o de 
iued, "oldie ," 
y he, "hi ilence i o be obe ved in
liening o me, w
ving he mili
y mode of exp eing
en. When I
h
ll h
ve ho oughly expl
ined my enimen o you, hen uch of you

 h
ll
pp ove he 
me, will p
 ove ; we will follow h
 line of
conduc which h
ll mee he judgmen of he m
jo iy. Now he
wh
 I
medi
e in mind. The enemy h
ve u ounded you, no b ough hihe in
fligh, no lef behind h ough cow
dice. By v
lou you eized hi
g ound; by v
lou you mu m
e you w
y f om i. By coming hihe you
h
ve 
ved
v
lu
ble
my of he Rom
n people; by fo cing you w
y
hence, 
ve you elve. You h
ve p oved you elve wo hy, hough few in
numbe , of
ffo ding
id o muliude, whil you you elve 
nd in
need of
id f om no one. You h
ve o do wih h
 enemy, who on
yee d
y, h ough hei upinene,
v
iled hemelve no of he
fo un
e oppo uniy of de oying ou whole
my, who did no ee hi
hill o
dv
n
geouly iu
e h
nging ove hei he
d, unil i w

eized on by u; who wih o m
ny hou
nd men did no p even u o few
f om he
cen,
nd did no u ound u wih

mp
 when in
poeion of he g ound, hough o much of he d
y ill em
ined. Th

enemy which wih hei eye open
nd
w
e you o b
ffled, i i
incumben on you now o beguile, bu ied,
 hey
e, in leep; n
y, i
i
boluely nece
y. Fo ou
ff
i 
e in h
 iu
ion, h
 I

m
he o poin ou o you you neceiy h
n o p opoe
dvice. Fo
whehe you
e o em
in o o dep
 hence, c
n no longe be m
e of
delibe
ion, ince, wih he excepion of you
m,
nd cou
ge
mindful of hoe
m, fo une h
 lef you nohing,
nd we mu die of
f
mine
nd hi , if we
e mo e
f
id of he wo d h
n become men

nd Rom
n. The efo e ou only 
fey i o 
lly fo h f om hi
nd o
dep
. Th
 we mu do eihe by d
y o by nigh. Bu lo!
nohe poin
which
dmi of le doub; fo if d
yligh be w
ied fo , wh
 hope i
he e, h
 he enemy, who h
ve now encomp
ed he hill on eve y ide,

 you pe ceive, wih hei bodie expoed

 di
dv
n
ge, will no hem
u in wih
coninued
mp

nd dich? If nigh hen be f
vou
ble
fo

lly,
 i i, hi i undoubedly he mo ui
ble hou of
nigh. You
embled he e on he ign
l of he econd w
ch,
ime
which bu ie mo 
l in he p ofounde leep. You will p
 h ough
hei bodie lulled o leep, eihe in ilence unnoiced by hem, o
e
dy o  ie e o ino hem, hould hey pe ceive you, by
udden
hou. Only follow me, whom you h
ve followed. The 
me fo une which
conduced u hihe , will I follow. Thoe of you o whom hee me
u e
eem 
lu
y, come on, p
 ove o he igh."
36. They
ll p
ed ove ,
nd followed Deciu
 he p oceeded h ough
he ine v
l which l
y beween he gu
d. They h
d now p
ed he
middle of he c
mp, when
oldie ,  iding ove he bodie of he
w
chmen
 hey l
y
leep, occ
ioned
noie by  iing one of hei

hield. When he w

chm
n, being
oued by hi, i ed he nex one
o him,
nd hoe who we e
w
e i ed up ohe , no nowing whehe
hey we e f iend o foe, whehe i w
 he g
ion h
 
llied
fo h o he conul h
d 
en hei c
mp; Deciu, h
ving o de ed he
oldie  o
ie
hou,
 hey we e no longe unobe ved,
dihe
en hem by p
nic whil ill he
vy f om leep, by which being
pe plexed, hey we e neihe
ble o 
e
m b ily, no m
e
ei
nce, no o pu ue hem. Du ing he  epid
ion
nd confuion of
he 
mnie, he Rom
n gu
d, l
ying uch of he gu
d
 c
me in
hei w
y, e
ched he conul' c
mp. A conide
ble po ion of nigh
ill em
ined,
nd hing now
ppe
ed o be in 
fey; when Deciu

y, "Rom
n oldie , be honou ed fo you b
ve y. You jou ney
nd
eu n
ge h
ll exol. Bu o behold uch b
ve y ligh
nd d
y
e
nece
y; no do you dee ve h
 ilence
nd nigh hould cove you,
whil you eu n o he c
mp wih uch diinguihed glo y. He e le u
w
i in uie fo he d
yligh." Hi wo d hey obeyed. And
 oon

i w
 d
y,
meenge being dep
ched o he c
mp o he conul, hey
we e
oued f om leep wih g e
 joy;
nd he ign
l being given by
ice, h
 hoe pe on eu ned 
fe who h
d expoed hei pe on
o eviden d
nge fo he p ee v
ion of
ll, uhing ou e
ch mo

nxiouly o mee hem, hey

ppl
ud hem, cong
ul
e hem, hey c
ll
hem ingly
nd collecively hei p ee ve , hey give p
ie
nd
h
n o he god, hey
ie Deciu o he
ven. Thi w

o  of c
mp
 iumph fo Deciu, who p oceeded h ough he middle of he c
mp, wih
hi gu
d fully
med, he eye of
ll being fixed on him,
nd
ll
giving him eu
l honou wih he conul. When hey c
me o he gene
l'
en, he conul ummon hem by ound of  umpe o
n
embly;
nd
commencing wih he well-e
ned p
ie of Deciu, he
djou ned he

embly on he ine poiion of Deciu himelf, who

dviing he
poponemen of eve y hing ele, whil he occ
ion w
 ill p een,
pe u
ded he conul o

c he enemy, whil ill in cone n
ion
f om he p
nic of he nigh,
nd dipe ing in ep

e de
chmen

ound he hill, [

dding] h
 he believed h
 ome who h
d been en
ou in pu ui of him we e 
ggling h ough he fo e. The legion
we e o de ed o 
e
m;
nd h
ving dep
ed f om he c
mp,
 he
fo e w
 now bee nown by me
n of cou, hey
e led onw
d o
he enemy h ough
mo e open 
c. H
ving unexpecedly

ced he
enemy when off hei gu
d, ince he oldie  of he 
mnie

ggling in eve y di ecion, mo of hem un
med, we e no
ble
eihe o
lly, no o 
e
m, no o be
e hemelve wihin he

mp
, hey fi  d ive hem in
p
nic ino he c
mp: hen hey 
e
he c
mp ielf, h
ving dilodged he gu
d. The hou p e
d
ound
he hill;
nd pu e
ch o fligh f om hei epecive po. Thu

g e
 p
 yielded o
n enemy hey h
d no een. Thoe whom he p
nic
h
d d iven wihin he
mp
 (hey
mouned o hi y hou
nd) we e

ll l
in; he c
mp w
 plunde ed.
37. M
e  being hu conduced, he conul, h
ving ummoned
n

embly, p onounce
p
negy ic on Deciu, no only h
 which h
d been
commenced on
p eviou occ
ion, bu
 now compleed by hi ecen
dee ;
nd beide ohe mili
y gif, he p een him wih
golden
c own
nd one hund ed oxen,
nd wih one whie one of diinguihed
be
uy, ichly deco
ed wih gilded ho n. The oldie  who h
d been in
he gu
d wih him, we e p eened wih
double
llow
nce of co n fo
eve ; fo he p een, wih
n ox
nd wo ve e
ch. Immedi
ely
fe
he conul' don
ion, he legion pl
ce on he he
d of Deciu
c own
of g
, indic
ive of hei delive
nce f om
bloc
de, exp eing
hei
pp ob
ion of he p een wih
hou. Deco
ed wih hee
emblem, he 
c ificed he be
uiful ox o M
; he hund ed oxen he
beowed on he oldie , who h
d been wih him in he expediion. On

he 
me oldie  he legion confe ed, e
ch
pound of co n
nd
pin
of wine;
nd
ll hee hing we e pe fo med wih g e

l
c iy, wih

mili
y hou,
oen of he
pp ob
ion of
ll. The hi d b
le w

fough ne
ueul
, in which he
my of he 
mnie, h
ving been
oued by M
cu V
le iu, h
ving ummoned f om home he flowe of hei
youh, dee mined on  ying hei  engh by
fin
l cone. F om
ueul
meenge  c
me in g e
 h
e o C
pu
,
nd f om hence
ho emen in full peed o he conul V
le iu, o implo e
id. The
 oop we e immedi
ely pu in moion;
nd he b
gg
ge in he c
mp being
lef wih
 ong gu
d, he
my move on wih
pidiy;
nd hey
elec
 no g e
 di
nce f om he enemy
ve y n
ow po (
, wih
he excepion of hei ho e, hey we e un
ccomp
nied by
c owd of
c
le
nd e v
n). The
my of he 
mnie,
 if he e w
 o be no
del
y in coming o
n eng
gemen, d
w up in o de of b
le; hen, when
no one c
me o mee hem, hey
dv
nce o he enemy' c
mp in e
dine
fo
cion. The e when hey 
w he oldie  on he
mp
,
nd pe on
en ou o econnoi e in eve y di ecion, b ough b
c wo d ino how
n
ow
comp
 he c
mp h
d been con
ced, infe ing hence he
c
ny numbe of he enemy. The whole
my beg
n o excl
im, h
 he
 enche ough o be filled up, he
mp
 o be o n down,
nd h

hey hould fo ce hei w
y ino he c
mp;
nd by h
 eme iy he w

would h
ve been oon ove , h
d no he gene
l e
ined he
impeuoiy of he oldie . Howeve ,
 hei own numbe  bo e he
vily
on hei upplie,
nd in coneuence, fi  of hei iing down o
long
 ueul
,
nd hen by he del
y of he cone, hey we e no
f
f om
w
n of p oviion, i w
 dee mined, whil he enemy
em
ined hu up
 if h ough fe
, h
 he oldie  hould be led
h ough he coun y o fo
ge; [uppoing] in he me
n ime, h

ll
upplie would f
il he Rom
n
lo, who h
ving m
ched in h
e, h
d
b ough wih him only
 much co n
 could be c
ied on hi houlde 

mid hi
m. The conul,
fe he h
d obe ved he enemy c
e ed
h ough he coun y, h
 he po we e lef bu inufficienly

ended, h
ving in
few wo d encou
ged hi men, le
d hem on o
beiege he c
mp. Afe he h
d 
en hi on he fi  hou
nd
cone, mo e of he enemy being l
in in hei en h
n
 he g
e

nd
mp
, he o de ed he c
pive 
nd
d o be colleced ino one
pl
ce,
nd h
ving lef behind wo legion

gu
d
nd p oecion,

fe giving hem  ic o de h

 hey hould
b
in f om he booy,
unil he himelf hould eu n; h
ving e ou wih hi  oop in
egul
o de , he c
v
l y who h
d been en on d iving he dipe ed

mnie
 i we e by huning oil, he commied g e
 l
ughe
mong
hem. Fo in hei e o hey could neihe dee mine by wh
 ign
l
hey hould collec hemelve ino
body, whehe hey hould m
e fo
he c
mp, o coninue hei fligh o
g e
e di
nce. And o g e

w
 hei e o ,
nd o p ecipi
e hei fligh, h
 o he numbe of
fo y hou
nd hield, hough by no me
n we e o m
ny l
in,
nd one
hund ed
nd eveny 
nd
d, wih hoe which h
d been 
en in he
c
mp, we e b ough o he conul. Then hey eu ned o he enemy'
c
mp;
nd he e
ll he plunde w
 given up o he oldie .
38. The eul of hi cone obliged he F
lici
n, who we e on e m
of
 uce, o peiion fo
 e
y of
lli
nce f om he en
e;
nd
dive ed he L
in, who h
d hei
mie
l e
dy p ep
ed, f om he
Rom
n o
Peligni
n w
. No did he f
me of uch ucce confine
ielf wihin he limi of I
ly; bu he C
h
gini
n
lo en

mb

do  o Rome o cong
ul
e hem, wih
n offe ing of
golden
c own, o be pl
ced in Jupie ' h ine in he C
piol. I weigh w

weny-five pound. Boh conul  iumphed ove he 
mnie, whil
Deciu followed diinguihed wih p
ie
nd p een, when
mid he
ough jeing of he oldie  he n
me of he  ibune w
 no le

celeb
ed h
n h
 of he conul. The emb
ie of he C
mp
ni
n
nd
ueul
n we e hen he
d;
nd o hei en e
ie i w
 g
ned h


g
ion hould be en hihe , in o de h
 he incu ion of he

mnie migh be epelled. C
pu
, even hen by no me
n f
vou
ble o
mili
y dicipline,
lien
ed f om he memo y of hei coun y he

ffecion of he oldie , which we e deb

uched by he upply of
ple
u e of
ll ind;
nd cheme we e being fo med in wine -u
e 
fo 
ing
w
y C
pu
f om he C
mp
ni
n by he 
me ind of wicedne

 h
 by which hey h
d 
en i f om i o igin
l poeo : "
nd
no undee vedly would hey u n hei own ex
mple
g
in hemelve.
Fo why hould he C
mp
ni
n, who we e neihe
ble o defend
hemelve no hei poeion, occupy he mo fe ile l
nd of I
ly,

nd
ciy wo hy of h
 l
nd,
he h
n he vico iou
my, who h
d
d iven he 
mnie f om hence by hei we

nd blood? W
 i
e
on
ble h
 men who h
d u ende ed o hem hould h
ve he full
enjoymen of h
 fe ile
nd delighful coun y; h
 hey, we
ied by
mili
y oil, h
d o  uggle in
n in
lub iou
nd
id oil
ound
hei ciy, o wihin he ciy o uffe he opp eive
nd exh
uing
weigh of ine e-money d
ily inc e
ing?" Thee cheme
gi
ed in
ec e c
b
l,
nd
 ye communic
ed only o
few, we e encoune ed
by he new conul C
iu M
ciu Ruilu, o whom he p ovince of
C
mp
ni
h
d f
llen by lo, Quinu e viliu, hi colle
gue, being lef
behind in he ciy. Acco dingly when he w
 in poeion of
ll hee
ci cum
nce ju
 hey h
d occu ed, h
ving
ce 
ined hem h ough
he  ibune, m
u ed by ye

nd expe ience, (fo he w
 conul now
fo he fou h ime,
nd h
d been dic
o
nd ceno ,) hining i he
wie p oceeding o f u
e he violence of he oldie , by
p olonging hei hope of execuing hei p ojec wheneve hey migh
wih, he p e
d he umou , h
 he  oop we e o wine in he 
me
own on he ye

fe
lo. Fo hey h
d been c
noned h oughou he
ciie of C
mp
ni
,
nd hei plo h
d p e
d f om C
pu
o he eni e

my. Thi
b
emen being given o he e
ge ne of hei p ojec, he
muiny w
 e
 e fo he p een.
39. The conul, h
ving led ou hi
my o he umme c
mp
ign,
dee mined, whil he h
d he 
mnie uie, o pu ge he
my by
ending
w
y he u bulen men; by elling ome h
 hei egul
ime
h
d been e ved; h
 ohe  we e weighed down by ye

nd debili
ed
in bodily vigou . ome we e en
w
y on fu lough,
 fi 
individu
l, hen ome coho 
lo, on he ple
h
 hey h
d wine ed
f
f om hei home
nd domeic
ff
i . When diffe en individu
l
we e en o diffe en pl
ce unde p eence of he buine of he
e vice,
conide
ble numbe we e pu ou of he w
y; which muliude
he ohe conul de
ined in Rome unde diffe en p eence. And fi 
indeed, no upecing he
ifice, hey eu ned o hei home by no
me
n wih eluc
nce. Afe hey 
w h
 neihe hoe fi  en
eu ned o hei 
nd
d,
nd h
 c
cely
ny ohe , excep hoe
who h
d wine ed in C
mp
ni
,
nd chiefly he fomene  of he muiny,
we e en
w
y;
 fi  wonde ,
nd hen ce 
in fe
ene ed hei
mind, h
 hei cheme h
d been divulged; "h
 now hey would h
ve
o uffe  i
l, dicove ie, he ec e punihmen of individu
l,

nd he y
nnic
l
nd c uel depoim of he conul
nd he en
e.
Thoe who we e in he c
mp, dicu hee hing in ec e confe ence,
eeing h
 he inew of he conpi
cy h
d been go id of by he

ifice of he conul." One coho , when hey we e

 no g e
 di
nce
f om Anxu , poed ielf
 L
uul, in
n
ow woody p
 beween he
e

nd he moun
in, o ine cep hoe whom he conul w
 dimiing
unde v
iou p eence (
 h
 been
l e
dy menioned). Thei body w

now becoming  ong in numbe ; no w

ny hing w
ning o complee
he fo m of
egul

my, excep
le
de . Wihou o de , he efo e,

hey come ino he Alb

n e io y commiing dep ed
ion,
nd unde
he hill of Alb
Long
, hey encomp
 hei c
mp wih

mp
. The
wo  he e being compleed, du ing he em
inde of he d
y hey dicu
hei diffe en opinion eg
ding he choice of
comm
nde , no h
ving
ufficien confidence in
ny of hoe p een. Whom could hey invie
ou f om Rome? Wh
 individu
l of he p
 ici
n o of he common w

he e, who would eihe nowingly expoe himelf o uch imminen
d
nge , o o whom could he c
ue of he
my, e m
d by
ill- e
men, be 
fely commied? On he following d
y, when he 
me
ubjec of delibe
ion de
ined hem, ome of he 
ggling m

ude 

ce 
ined
nd b ough
n
ccoun, h
 Tiu Quinciu culiv
ed

f
m in he Tucul
n e io y, fo geful of he ciy
nd i honou .
Thi w

m
n of p
 ici
n f
mily, whoe mili
y c
ee , which w

p
ed wih g e
 glo y, h
ving been elinuihed in coneuence of one
of hi fee being l
med by
wound, he dee mined on pending hi life
in he coun y f
f om
mbiion
nd he fo um. Hi n
me once he
d,
hey immedi
ely ecognied he m
n;
nd wih wihe fo ucce,
o de ed him o be en fo . The e w
, howeve , bu lile hope h
 he
would do
ny hing volun
ily; hey eolved on employing fo ce
nd
inimid
ion. Acco dingly hoe who h
d been en fo he pu poe,
h
ving ene ed he houe in he ilence of he nigh,
nd u p iing
Quinciu ove come in leep, h e
ening h
 he e w
 no
le n
ive,
eihe
uho iy
nd honou , o de
h, in c
e he eied, unle he
followed, hey fo ce him o he c
mp. Immedi
ely on hi
iv
l he w

yled gene
l,
nd whil he w
 
led
 he 
nge n
u e of he
udden occu ence, hey convey o him he enign of honou ,
nd bid him
le
d hem o he ciy. Then h
ving o n up hei 
nd
d, mo e unde
he influence of hei own impeuoiy h
n by he comm
nd of hei
gene
l, hey
ive in hoile

y
 he eighh one on he o
d,
which i now he Appi
n;
nd would h
ve p oceeded immedi
ely o he
ciy, h
d hey no he
d h

n
my w
 coming o mee hem,
nd h

M
cu V
le iu Co vu w
 nomin
ed dic
o
g
in hem,
nd Luciu
miliu M
me cinu m
e of he ho e.
40. A oon
 hey c
me in igh
nd ecognied he
m
nd 
nd
d,
in
nly he ecollecion of hei coun y ofened he eenmen of

ll. No ye we e hey o h

dy
 o hed he blood of hei
coun ymen, no h
d hey nown
ny bu fo eign w
,
nd eceion f om
hei own w
 deemed he ex eme of
ge. Acco dingly now he gene
l,
now he oldie  ough
meeing fo
negoi
ion. Quinciu, who w


i
ed wih
m [
en up] even in defence of hi coun y, much mo e
o
g
in i; Co vu, who ene 
ined
w
m
ffecion fo
ll hi
coun ymen, chiefly he oldie ,
nd
bove ohe , fo hi own
my,

dv
nced o
confe ence. To him, being immedi
ely ecognied, ilence
w
 g
ned wih no le epec by hi
dve 
ie, h
n by hi own
p
y: he 
y, "oldie ,
 my dep
u e f om he ciy, I p
yed o
he immo 
l god, you public deiie
 well
 mine,
nd e
nely
implo ed hei goodne o, h
 hey would g
n me he glo y of
e
blihing conco d
mong you, no vico y ove you. The e h
ve been

nd he e will be ufficien oppo uniie, whence mili

y f
me m
y be
ob
ined: on hi occ
ion pe
ce hould be he objec of ou wihe.
Wh
 I e
nely c
lled fo f om he immo 
l god when offe ing up my
p
ye , you h
ve i in you powe o g
n o me, if you will emembe ,
h
 you h
ve you c
mp no in 
mnium, no
mong he Volci
n, bu on
Rom
n g ound; h
 hoe hill which you behold
e hoe of you
coun y, h
 hi i he
my of you coun ymen; h
 I
m you own
conul, unde whoe guid
nce
nd
upice ye l
 ye
wice defe
ed
he legion of he 
mnie, wice oo hei c
mp by o m. oldie , I

m M
cu V
le iu Co vu, whoe nobiliy ye h
ve fel by
c of
indne ow
d you, no by ill- e
men; he p opoe of no

y
nnic
l l
w
g
in you, of no h
h dec ee of he en
e; in eve y
po of comm
nd mo e  ic on myelf h
n on you. And if bi h, if
pe on
l me i, if high digniy, if public honou  could ugge

og
nce o
ny one, f om uch
nceo  h
ve I been decended, uch

pecimen h
d I given of myelf,
 uch
n
ge did I

in he
conulhip, h
 when bu weny-h ee ye
 old I migh h
ve been

p oud conul, even o he p

 ici
n, no o he common only. Wh

c
o 
ying of mine, when conul, h
ve ye he
d of mo e eve e h
n when
only  ibune? Wih he 
me eno did I
dminie wo ucceive
conulhip; wih he 
me h
ll hi uncon oll
ble office, he
dic
o hip, be
dminie ed. o h
 I h
ll be found no mo e
indulgen o hee my own oldie 
nd he oldie  of my coun y, h
n
o you, I hudde o c
ll you o, i enemie. Ye h
ll he efo e d
w
he wo d
g
in me, befo e I d
w i
g
in you. On h
 ide he
ign
l h
ll be ounded, on h
 he hou
nd one h
ll begin, if

b
le mu 
e pl
ce. Dee mine in you mind, on h
 which neihe
you f
he  no g
ndf
he  could; neihe hoe who eceded o he

c ed Moun, no ye hoe who
fe w
d poed hemelve on he
Avenine. W
i ill you mohe 
nd wive come ou o mee you f om he
ciy wih dihevelled h
i ,
 hey did fo me ly o Co iol
nu. A h

ime he legion of he Volci
n, bec
ue hey h
d
Rom
n fo hei
le
de , ce
ed f om hoiliie; will no ye,
Rom
n
my, dei f om

n unn
u
l w
? Tiu Quinciu, unde wh
eve ci cum
nce you

nd on h
 ide, whehe volun
ily o eluc
nly, if he e mu be
fighing, do you hen ei e o he e
. Wih mo e honou even will you
fly,
nd u n you b
c o you coun ym
n, h
n figh
g
in you
coun y. Now you will 
nd wih p op iey
nd honou
mong he fo emo
o p omoe pe
ce;
nd m
y you be

lu
y
gen in hi confe ence.
Reui e
nd offe h
 which i ju; hough we hould
dmi even unju
e m,
he h
n eng
ge in
n impiou comb
 wih e
ch ohe ." Tiu
Quinciu, u ning o hi p
y wih hi eye full of e
, 
id, "In
me oo, oldie , if he e i
ny ue of me, ye h
ve
bee le
de fo
pe
ce h
n fo w
. Fo h
 peech ju now delive ed, no
Volci
n,
no

mnie exp eed, bu
Rom
n: you own conul, you own gene
l,
oldie : whoe
upice h
ving
l e
dy expe ienced fo you, do no wih
o expe ience hem
g
in you. The en
e h
d ohe gene
l
lo, who
would eng
ge you wih mo e
nimoiy; hey h
ve eleced he one who
would be mo indulgen o you, hi own oldie , in whom
 you
gene
l you would h
ve mo confidence. Even hoe who c
n conue ,
dei e pe
ce: wh
 ough we o dei e? Why do we no, enouncing
eenmen
nd hope, hoe f
ll
ciou
dvie , eign ou elve
nd
ll
ou ine e o hi  ied honou ?"
41. All
pp oving wih
hou, Tiu Quinciu,
dv
ncing befo e he

nd
d, decl
ed h
 "he oldie  would be obedien o he
dic
o ; he en e
ed h
 he would epoue he c
ue of hi
unfo un
e coun ymen,
nd h
ving epoued i, he would m
in
in i
wih he 
me fideliy wih which he h
d won o
dminie public

ff
i . Th
 fo himelf individu
lly he m
de no e m: h
 he would
found hi hope in nohing ele bu in hi innocence. Th
 p oviion
hould be m
de fo he oldie ,
 p oviion h
d been m
de by he
en
e, once fo he common,
econd ime fo he legion, o h
 he
eceion hould no be viied wih punihmen." The dic
o , h
ving
l
uded Quinciu,
nd h
ving bid he ohe  o hope fo he be,
eu ned b
c o he ciy wih
ll peed,
nd, wih he
pp ob
ion of
he en
e, p opoed o he people in he Peeline g ove, h
 he
eceion hould no be viied wih ch
iemen on
ny of he
oldie . He
lo en e
ed, wih hei pe miion, h
 no one hould
eihe in je o e
ne upb
id
ny one wih h
 p oceeding. A
mili
y devoing l
w w

lo p
ed, h
 he n
me of
ny oldie once

en olled, hould no be e

ed unle wih hi own conen;
nd o he
l
w [
cl
ue] w

dded h
 no one,
fe he h
d been
 ibune of he
oldie , hould
fe w
d be
cenu ion. Th
 dem
nd w
 m
de by he
conpi
o  on
ccoun of Publiu 
loniu; who in
le n
e ye
 w

boh  ibune of he oldie 
nd fi  cenu ion, which hey now c
ll
_p imi pili_. The oldie  we e incened
g
in him, bec
ue he h
d

lw
y been oppoed o hei ecen me
u e,
nd h
d fled f om L
nul,
h
 he migh h
ve no h
e in hem. Acco dingly when hi
lone w
 no
ob
ined f om he en
e h ough hei eg
d fo 
loniu, hen

loniu, conju ing he conc ip f
he , h
 hey would no v
lue hi
p omoion mo e highly h
n he conco d of he 
e, p ev
iled in h
ving
h

lo c
ied. Eu
lly ineffecu
l w
 he dem
nd, h
 ome
deducion hould be m
de f om he p
y of he c
v
l y, (hey hen
eceived  iple,) bec
ue hey h
d oppoed he conpi
cy.
42. Beide hee, I find in ome w ie  h
 Luciu Genuciu,  ibune
of he common, p opoed o he people, h
 no one hould be
llowed o
p
cie uu y; liewie p oviion w
 m
de by ohe en
cmen, h
 no
one hould fill he 
me office wihin en ye
; no hold wo office
on he 
me ye
;
nd h
 i hould be
llowed h
 boh he conul
hould be plebei
n. If
ll hee conceion we e m
de o he people,
i i eviden h
 he evol poeed no lile  engh. In ohe

nn
l i i eco ded, h
 V
le iu w
 no
ppoined dic
o , bu
h
 he eni e buine w
 m
n
ged by he conul;
nd
lo h
 h

b
nd of conpi
o  we e d iven o
m no befo e hey c
me o Rome,
bu
 Rome;
nd h
 i w
 no on he coun y-houe of Tiu
Quinciu, bu on he eidence of C
iu M
nliu he

ul w
 m
de by
nigh,
nd h
 he w
 eized by he conpi
o  o become hei
le
de : h
 h
ving p oceeded hence o he fou h mile-one, hey
poed hemelve in
well-defended pl
ce;
nd h
 i w
 no wih he
le
de  menion of
econcili
ion o igin
ed; bu h
 uddenly, when
he
mie m
ched ou o b
le fully
med,
muu
l 
lu
ion oo
pl
ce; h
 mixing ogehe he oldie  beg
n o join h
nd,
nd o
emb
ce e
ch ohe wih e
;
nd h
 he conul, on eeing he mind
of he oldie 
ve e f om fighing, m
de
p opoiion o he en
e
conce ning he e-e
blihmen of conco d. o h

mong
ncien
w ie  nohing i
g eed on, excep h
 he e w

muiny,
nd h

i w
 compoed. Boh he epo  of hi diu b
nce,
nd he he
vy w

ene ed ino wih he 
mnie,
lien
ed ome 
e f om he Rom
n

lli
nce:
nd beide he  e
y of he L
in, which now fo
long
ime w
 no o be depended on, he P ive ni
n
lo by
udden
incu ion l
id w
e No b

nd ei
, Rom
n colonie in hei
neighbou hood.

BOOK VIII.
_The L
in wih he C
mp
ni
n evol;
nd
mb

do  h
ving been
en o he en
e, hey p opoe h
, if hey wihed fo pe
ce,
hey hould elec one of he conul f om
mong he L
in. Tiu
M
nliu, he conul, pu hi on o de
h, bec
ue he h
d fough,
hough uccefully,
g
in he L
in, con
y o o de . The
Rom
n being h
d p eed in he b
le, Publiu Deciu, hen
conul wih M
nliu, devoed himelf fo he
my. The L
in
u ende . None of he young men c
me ou o mee M
nliu on hi
eu n o he ciy. Minuci
,
ve
l vi gin, w
 condemned fo
ince. eve
l m
 on conviced of poioning. L
w hen fi 

m
de
g
in h
 c ime. The Auoni
n, P ive ni
n,
nd
P
lpoli
n ubdued. Quinu Publiliu he fi  in
nce of

pe on coninuing in comm
nd
fe he expi
ion of hi office,

nd of
 iumph dec eed o
ny pe on no
conul. L
w
g
in
confinemen fo deb. Quinu F
biu, m
e of he ho e, figh
he 
mnie wih ucce, con
y o he o de  of Luciu
P
pi iu, dic
o ;
nd, wih difficuly, ob
in p
don, h ough
he ine ceion of he people. ucceful expediion
g
in he

mnie._
1. The conul now we e C
iu Pl
uiu
econd ime,
nd Luciu miliu
M
me cinu; when he people of ei

nd No b
c
me o Rome o
nnounce
he evol of he P ive ni
n, wih compl
in of he d
m
ge eceived
by hem. New we e b ough h
 he
my of he Volci
n, unde he
guid
nce of he people of Anium, h
d 
en po
 
 icum. Boh w

fell by lo o Pl
uiu. He, m
ching fi  o P ive num, immedi
ely
c
me o
n eng
gemen. The enemy we e defe
ed
fe
ligh
ei
nce: he own w
 
en,
nd given b
c o he P ive ni
n,

 ong g
ion being pl
ced in i: wo hi d of hei l
nd we e 
en
f om hem. The vico iou
my w
 m
ched hence o 
 icum
g
in
he Ani
n; he e
depe
e b
le w
 fough wih g e
 l
ughe on
boh ide;
nd when
o m ep

ed he comb

n, hope inclining o
neihe ide, he Rom
n, nowie dihe
ened by hi o indeciive
n
eng
gemen, p ep
e fo b
le
g
in he following d
y. The
Volci
n, econing up wh
 men hey h
d lo in b
le, h
d by no
me
n he 
me pi i o epe
 he i. They wen off in he nigh o
Anium

v
nuihed
my in he umo confuion, le
ving behind
hei wounded
nd
p
 of hei b
gg
ge. A v
 u
niy of
m w

found, boh
mong he de
d bodie of he enemy,
nd
lo in he c
mp.
Thee, he conul decl
ed, h
 he offe ed up o Mohe Lu
;
nd he
l
id w
e he enemy' coun y
 f

 he e
-co
. The ohe
conul, miliu, on ene ing he 
bell
n e io y, found neihe

c
mp of he 
mnie no legion oppoed o him. Whil he l
id w
e
hei e io ie wih fi e
nd wo d, he
mb

do  of he 
mnie
c
me o him, uing fo pe
ce; by whom being efe ed o he en
e,

fe le
ve o
dd e hem w
 g
ned, l
ying
ide hei fe ociou
pi i, hey ued fo pe
ce fo hemelve f om he Rom
n,
nd he
igh of w
ging w

g
in he idicini
n. Which eue, [hey

lleged,] h
 "hey we e he mo e juified in m
ing, bec
ue hey h
d
boh unied in f iendhip wih he Rom
n people, when hei
ff
i  we e
flou ihing, no unde ci cum
nce of di e,
 he C
mp
ni
n h
d
done,
nd hey we e 
ing up
m
g
in he idicini
n, eve hei
enemie, neve he f iend of he Rom
n people; who h
d neihe ,
 he

mnie, ough hei f iendhip in ime of pe
ce, no ,
 he
C
mp
ni
n, hei
i
nce in ime of w
,
nd we e neihe in

lli
nce wih, no unde ubjecion o he Rom
n people."
2. Afe he p o Tibe iu miliu h
d conuled he en
e epecing
he dem
nd of he 
mnie,
nd he en
e voed h
 he  e
y hould
be enewed wih hem, he p o eu ned hi
nwe o he 
mnie:
"Th
 i neihe h
d been he f
ul of he Rom
n people h
 hei
f iendhip wih hem w
 no pe peu
l; no w

ny objecion m
de o
h
 f iendhip being once mo e e-e
blihed, ince hey hemelve
we e now become i ed of
w
ene ed ino h ough hei own f
ul.
Wih epec o wh
 eg
ded he idicini
n, hey did no ine fe e
wih he 
mnie n
ion h
ving he f ee deciion of pe
ce
nd w
." The
 e
y being concluded, on hei eu n home, he Rom
n
my w

immedi
ely wihd
wn
fe hey h
d eceived
ye
' p
y,
nd co n fo
h ee monh: fo which he conul h
d ipul
ed, o g
n ime fo

 uce, unil he

mb

do  hould eu n. The 
mnie h
ving m
ched

g
in he idicini
n wih he 
me fo ce which hey h
d employed in
hei w

g
in he Rom
n, ene 
ined
he 
nguine hope of
becoming m
e  of he enemie' ci
del. Then he idicini
n fi 
beg
n o u ende o he Rom
n. Afe w
d, when he en
e ejeced
h
 offe
 oo l
e,
nd
 being w ung f om hem by ex eme
neceiy, i w
 m
de o he L
in, who we e
l e
dy 
ing up
m on
hei own
ccoun. No did even he C
mp
ni
n (o much  onge w

hei ecollecion of he inju ie done hem by he 
mnie h
n of he
indne of he Rom
n) eep hemelve f om hi u
el. Ou of hee
o m
ny 
e, one v

my, ene ing he e io ie of he 
mnie
unde he di ecion of he L
in, commied mo e d
m
ge by dep ed
ion
h
n by b
le;
nd hough he L
in h
d he
dv
n
ge in he field,
hey ei ed ou of he enemie' e io y wihou eluc
nce, h
 hey
migh no be obliged o figh oo f euenly. Thi oppo uniy w


ffo ded o he 

mnie o end
mb

do  o Rome. When hey
ppe
ed
befo e he en
e, h
ving compl
ined h
 hey, hough now confede
e,
we e ubjeced o he 
me h
dhip
 hoe hey h
d uffe ed

enemie, olicied, wih he humble en e
ie, h
 "he Rom
n would
hin i enough he vico y, of which hey h
d dep ived he 
mnie,
ove hei C
mp
ni
n
nd idicini
n enemy; h
 hey would no beide
uffe hem o be v
nuihed by hee mo d

dly 
e. Th
 hey
could by hei ove eign
uho iy eep he L
in
nd he C
mp
ni
n
ou of he 
mnie e io y, if hey e
lly we e unde he dominion of
he Rom
n people; bu if hey ejeced hei
uho iy, h
 hey migh
compel hem by
m." To hi
n euivoc
l
nwe w
 eu ned, bec
ue
i w
 mo ifying o
cnowledge, h
 he L
in we e no now in hei
powe ,
nd hey we e
f
id le by finding f
ul hey migh e
nge
hem f om hei ide: h
 he c
e of he C
mp
ni
n w
 diffe en,
hey h
ving come unde hei p oecion, no by  e
y bu by u ende :

cco dingly, h
 he C
mp
ni
n, whehe hey wihed o no, hould
em
in uie: h
 in he L
in  e
y he e w
 no cl
ue by which hey
we e p evened f om going o w
wih whomoeve hey ple
ed.
3. Which
nwe , whil i en
w
y he 
mnie unce 
in
 o wh

conduc hey we e o hin h
 he Rom
n would pu ue, i fu he
e
nged he C
mp
ni
n h ough fe
; i ende ed he 
mnie mo e
p euming, hey conide ing h
 he e w
 nohing which he Rom
n
would now efue hem. Whe efo e, p ocl
iming f euen meeing unde
he p eex of p ep
ing fo w

g
in he 
mnie, hei le
ding
men, in hei eve
l delibe
ion
mong hemelve, ec ely fomened
he pl
n of
w
wih Rome. In hi w
he C
mp
ni
n oo joined

g
in hei p ee ve . Bu hough
ll hei cheme we e c
efully
conce
led,
nd hey we e
nxiou h
 hei 
mnie enemy hould be go
id of in hei e
befo e he Rom
n hould be
oued, ye h ough
he
gency of ome who we e

ched [o he l
e ] by p iv
e
f iendhip
nd ohe ie, info m
ion of hei conpi
cy m
de i w
y
o Rome,
nd he conul being o de ed o eign hei office befo e he
uu
l ime, in o de h
 he new conul migh be eleced he oone o
mee o impo 
n
w
,
eligiou c uple ene ed hei mind
 he
ide
of he elecion being held by pe on whoe ime of office h
d
been cu ho . Acco dingly
n ine egnum oo pl
ce. The e we e wo
ine ege, M
cu V
le iu
nd M
cu F
biu. The conul eleced we e
Tiu M
nliu To u
u
hi d ime,
nd Publiu Deciu Mu. I i

g eed on h
, in hi ye
, Alex
nde , ing of Epi u, m
de
decen
on I
ly wih
flee. Which w
, if he fi  commencemen h
d been
ufficienly ucceful, would unueion
bly h
ve exended o he
Rom
n. The 
me w
 he e
of he exploi of Alex
nde he G e
,
whom, being on o he ohe ' ie , in
nohe egion of he wo ld,
h
ving hown himelf invincible in w
, fo une cu ho  in hi youh

by die
e. Bu he Rom
n,
lhough he evol of hei
llie
nd of
he L
in n
ion w
 now no m
e of doub, ye
 if hey fel
oliciude eg
ding he 
mnie, no fo hemelve, ummoned en of
he le
ding men of he L
in o Rome, o whom hey wihed o iue uch
o de 
 hey migh wih. L
ium h
d
 h
 ime wo p o , Luciu
Anniu,
n
ive of ei
,
nd Luciu Numiiu of Ci ceii, boh f om he
Rom
n coloni; h ough whoe me
n, beide igni

nd Veli ,
lo
Rom
n colonie, he Volci
n oo h
d been i ed up o
m. I w

dee mined h
 hee wo hould be ummoned peci
lly; i w

m
e
of doub o no one, on wh
 m
e hey we e en fo . Acco dingly he
p o , h
ving held
n
embly, befo e hey e ou fo Rome, info m
hem, h
 hey we e ummoned by he Rom
n en
e,
nd conul hem

o wh

nwe i w
 hei wih hould be given on hoe ubjec which
hey hough would be dicued wih hem.
4. When diffe en pe on
dv
nced diffe en opinion, hen Anniu 
y:
"Though I myelf pu he ueion,
 o wh

nwe i migh be you
ple
u e hould be given, ye I hin i mo e conce n ou gene
l
ine e how we hould
c h
n how we hould pe
. You pl
n being
once unfolded, i will be e
y o ui wo d o he ubjec; fo if even
now we
e c
p
ble of ubmiing o l
ve y unde he h
dow of

confede
cy on eu
l e m, wh
 i w
ning bu o be
y he
idicini
n, be obedien o he o de  no only of he Rom
n, bu of
he 
mnie,
nd ell he Rom
n, h
 we will l
y down ou
m
wheneve hey inim
e i o be hei wih? Bu if
 lengh
dei e of
libe y imul
e you mind, if
confede
cy doe ubi, if

lli
nce be eu
liz
ion of igh, if he e be e
on now o bo
 h

we
e of he 
me blood
 he Rom
n, of which hey we e fo me ly

h
med, if hey h
ve uch
n
my of
llie, by he juncion of which
hey m
y double hei  engh, uch
one
 hei conul would be
unwilling o ep

e f om hemelve eihe in concluding o commencing
hei own w
; why
e no
ll hing eu
lized? why i no one of he
conul choen f om he L
in? Whe e he e i
n eu
l h
e of
 engh, i he e
lo
n eu
l h
e in he gove nmen? Thi indeed in
ielf eflec no ex
o din
y deg ee of honou on u,
 ill

cnowledging Rome o be he me opoli of L

ium; bu h
 i m
y
poibly
ppe
o do o, h
 been effeced by ou long-coninued
fo be

nce. Bu if ye eve wihed fo
n oppo uniy of h
ing in he
gove nmen,
nd enjoying f eedom, lo! hi oppo uniy i now
 h
nd,
p eened boh by you own v
lou
nd he bouny of he god. Ye h
ve
 ied hei p
ience by efuing hem oldie . Who doub h
 hey
we e fi ed wih
ge, when we b oe h ough
cuom of mo e h
n wo
hund ed ye
? ill hey ubmied o hi feeling of eenmen. We
w
ged w
wih he Peligni
n in ou own n
me. They who fo me ly did no
even concede o u he igh of defending ou own e io ie h ough
ou elve, ine fe ed no. They he
d h
 he idicini
n we e
eceived unde ou p oecion, h
 he C
mp
ni
n h
d evoled f om
hemelve o u, h
 we we e p ep
ing
mie
g
in hei
confede
e, he 
mnie; ye hey i ed no f om he ciy. Whence
hi o g e
 fo be

nce on hei p
, excep f om
nowledge of ou
 engh
nd hei own? I h
ve i f om compeen
uho iy, h
 when
he 
mnie compl
ined of u, uch
n
nwe w
 given hem by he
Rom
n en
e,
 pl
inly howed h
 no even hemelve inied h

L
ium w
 unde he Rom
n ju idicion. Only
ume you igh in
dem
nding h
 which hey 
cily concede o you. If fe
p even
ny
one f om 
ying hi, lo! I pledge myelf h
 I will 
y i, in he
he
ing no only of he Rom
n people
nd en
e, bu of Jupie himelf,
who inh
bi he C
piol; h
 if hey wih u o be in confede
cy
nd

lli
nce wih hem, hey
e o eceive one conul f om u,
nd one h
lf
of he en
e." When he no only ecommended hee me
u e boldly, bu

p omied
lo hi
id, hey
ll, wih
ccl
m
ion of
en, pe mied
him o do
nd 
y wh
eve migh
ppe
o him conducive o he epublic
of he L
in n
ion
nd hi own honou .
5. When hey
ived in Rome,
n
udience of he en
e w
 g
ned hem
in he C
piol. The e, when Tiu M
nliu he conul, by di ecion of
he en
e, eui ed of hem no o m
e w
on hei confede
e he

mnie, Anniu,
 if he h
d 
en he C
piol by
m

vico ,

nd we e no
dd eing hem

n
mb

do p oeced by he l
w of
n
ion, 
y: "I we e ime, Tiu M
nliu,
nd you, conc ip f
he ,
o ce
e
 lengh  e
ing wih u on
fooing of upe io iy, when
you ee L
ium in
mo flou ihing 
e by he bouny of he god in

m
nd men, he 
mnie being v
nuihed in w
, he idicini
n
nd
C
mp
ni
n ou
llie, he Volci
n now unied o u in
lli
nce,
nd
h
 you own colonie even p efe he gove nmen of L
ium o h
 of
Rome. Bu ince ye do no b ing you mind o pu
n end o you

bi
y depoim, we, hough
ble by fo ce of
m o vindic
e he
independence of L
ium, ye will m
e hi conceion o he ie of
blood beween u,
 o offe e m of pe
ce on e m of eu
liy fo
boh, ince i h
 ple
ed he immo 
l god h
 he  engh of boh
i eu
lized. One of he conul mu be eleced ou of Rome, he
ohe ou of L
ium;
n eu
l po ion of he en
e mu be f om boh
n
ion; we mu be one people, one epublic;
nd h
 he e
 of
gove nmen m
y be he 
me,
nd we
ll m
y h
ve he 
me n
me, ince he
conceion mu be m
de by he one p
y o ohe , le hi,
nd m
y i
be
upiciou o boh, h
ve he
dv
n
ge of being he mohe coun y,

nd le u
ll be c
lled Rom
n." I o h
ppened h
 he Rom
n
lo
h
d
conul,
m
ch fo hi m
n' high pi i; who, o f
f om
e
ining hi
ng y feeling, openly decl
ed, h
 if uch
inf
u
ion oo poeion of he conc ip f
he , h
 hey would
eceive l
w f om
m
n of ei
, he would himelf come ino he en
e

med wih
wo d,
nd would l
y wih hi h
nd
ny L
in whom he
hould ee in he en
e-houe. And u ning o he 
ue of Jupie ,
"He
hou, Jupie ," 
y he, "he
hee impiou p opo
l; he
ye
hem, Juice
nd Euiy. Jupie ,
 hou o behold fo eign conul

nd
fo eign en
e in hy conec
ed emple,
 if hou we 

c
pive
nd ove powe ed? We e hee he  e
ie which Tullu,
Rom
n
ing, concluded wih he Alb
n, you fo ef
he , L
in,
nd which
Luciu T
uiniu ubeuenly concluded wih you? Doe no he b
le

 he L
e Regillu occu o you hough? H
ve you o fo goen you
own c
l
miie
nd ou indnee ow
d you?"
6. When he indign
ion of he en
e followed hee wo d of he
conul, i i eco ded h
, in eply o he f euen
ppe
l o he
god, whom he conul f euenly invoed
 winee o he  e
ie,

n exp eion of Anniu w

 he
d in conemp of he diviniy of he
Rom
n Jupie . Ce 
inly, when
oued wih w
h he w
 p oceeding wih

pid ep f om he po ch of he emple, h
ving f
llen down he 
i ,
hi he
d being eve ely  uc, he w
 d
hed
g
in
one
 he
boom wih uch fo ce,
 o be dep ived of ene. A
ll w ie  do
no 
y h
 he w
 illed, I oo h
ll le
ve i in doub;

lo he
ci cum
nce, h

o m, wih
d e
dful noie in he he
ven, oo
pl
ce du ing he
ppe
l m
de in efe ence o he viol
ed  e
ie; fo
hey m
y boh be  ue,
nd
lo invened
ply o exp e in
 iing
m
nne he eenmen of he
ven. To u
u, being dep
ched by he
en
e o dimi he
mb

do , on eeing Anniu lying p o
e,
excl
imed, o
 h
 hi voice w
 he
d boh by he people
nd he
en
e, "I i well. The god h
ve excied
ju w
. The e i
deiy
in he
ven. Thou do exi, g e
 Jove; no wihou e
on h
ve we
conec
ed hee he f
he of god
nd men in hi m
nion. Why do ye

hei
e, Rom
n,
nd you, conc ip f
he , o 
e up
m unde he
di ecion of he god? Thu will I l
y low he legion of he L
in,

you now ee hi m
n lying p o
e." The wo d of he conul, eceived
wih he
pp ob
ion of he people, filled hei b e
 wih uch

dou , h
 he
mb

do  on hei dep
u e we e p oeced f om he

nge
nd violence of he people mo e by he c
e of he m
gi
e,
who eco ed hem by o de of he conul, h
n by he l
w of n
ion.
The en
e
lo voed fo he w
;
nd he conul,
fe
iing wo

mie, m
ched ino he e io ie of he M
i
n
nd Peligni
n, he

my of he 
mnie h
ving joined hem,
nd piched hei c
mp ne

C
pu
, whe e he L
in
nd hei
llie h
d now
embled. The e i i

id he e
ppe
ed o boh he conul, du ing leep, he 
me fo m of

m
n l
ge
nd mo e m
jeic h
n hum
n, who 
id, "Of he one ide

gene
l, of he ohe
n
my w
 due o he dii M
ne
nd o Mohe
E
h; f om whicheve
my
gene
l hould devoe he legion of he
enemy
nd himelf, in
ddiion, h
 he vico y would belong o h

n
ion
nd h
 p
y." When he conul comp
ed ogehe hee viion
of he nigh, i w
 eolved h
 vicim hould be l
in fo he
pu poe of
ve ing he
nge of he god;
 he 
me ime, h
 if he

me po en we e exhibied in he en
il
 hoe which h
d been
een du ing leep, eihe of he conul hould fulfil he f
e. When
he
nwe  of he h
upice coincided wih he ec e eligiou
imp eion
l e
dy impl
ned in hei mind; hen, h
ving b ough
ogehe he lieuen
n-gene
l
nd  ibune,
nd h
ving openly
expounded o hem he comm
nd of he god, hey ele
mong
hemelve, le he conul' volun
y de
h hould inimid
e he
my
in he field, h
 on which ide oeve he Rom
n
my hould commence
o give w
y, he conul in h
 u
e hould devoe himelf fo he
Rom
n people
nd he Qui ie. In hi conul
ion i w

lo
uggeed, h
 if eve on
ny occ
ion
ny w
h
d been conduced wih
 ic dicipline, hen indeed mili
y dicipline hould be educed o
he
ncien 
nd
d. Wh
 excied hei
enion p
icul
ly w
,
h
 hey h
d o conend
g
in L
in, who coincided wih hemelve
in l
ngu
ge, m
nne , in he 
me ind of
m,
nd mo e epeci
lly in
mili
y iniuion; oldie  h
d been mixed wih oldie , cenu ion
wih cenu ion,  ibune wih  ibune,
 com
de
nd colle
gue, in
he 
me
mie,
nd ofen in he 
me comp
nie. Le in coneuence of
hi he oldie  hould be involved in
ny mi
e, he conul iue
o de  h
 no one hould figh
g
in
n enemy ou of hi po.
7. I h
ppened h

mong he ohe p efec of he  oop, who h
d been
en ou in
ll di ecion o econnoi e, Tiu M
nliu, he conul'
on, c
me wih hi  oop o he b
c of he enemy' c
mp, o ne
h

he w
 c
cely di
n
d
' h ow f om he nex po. In h
 pl
ce
we e ome Tucul
n c
v
l y; hey we e comm
nded by Geminu Meiu,
m
n
diinguihed
mong hi coun ymen boh by bi h
nd exploi. When he
ecognied he Rom
n c
v
l y,
nd conpicuou
mong hem he conul'
on m
ching
 hei he
d, (fo hey we e
ll nown o e
ch ohe ,
epeci
lly he men of noe,) "Rom
n,
e ye going o w
ge w
wih he
L
in
nd
llie wih
ingle  oop. Wh
 in he ine im will he
conul, wh
 will he wo conul

mie be doing?" "They will be he e
in good ime," 
y M
nliu, "
nd wih hem will be Jupie himelf,


wine of he  e
ie viol
ed by you, who i  onge
nd mo e
powe ful. If we fough
 he l
e Regillu unil you h
d uie enough,
he e
lo we h
ll o
c, h

line of b
le
nd
n encoune wih
u m
y
ffo d you no ve y g e
 g
ific
ion." In eply o hi,
Geminu,
dv
ncing ome di
nce f om hi own p
y, 
y, "Do you
chooe hen, unil h
 d
y
ive on which you
e o pu you
mie
in moion wih uch mighy l
bou , o ene he li wih me, h
 f om
he eul of
cone beween u boh, i m
y be een how much
L
in

excel
Rom
n ho em
n?" Eihe eenmen, o h
me
 declining he
cone, o he invincible powe of f
e,
oue he dee mined pi i
of he youh. Fo geful he efo e of hi f
he ' comm
nd,
nd he
conul' edic, he i d iven he
dlong o h
 cone, in which i m
de
no much diffe ence whehe he conue ed o w
 conue ed. The ohe
ho emen being emoved o
di
nce
 if o wine he igh, in he
p
ce of cle
g ound which l
y beween hem hey pu ed on hei
ho e
g
in e
ch ohe ;
nd when hey we e ogehe in fie ce
encoune , he pe
of M
nliu p
ed ove he helme of hi

n
goni, h
 of Meiu
c o he nec of he ohe ' ho e. Then
wheeling ound hei ho e, when M
nliu
oe o epe
 he blow, he
fixed hi j
velin beween he e
 of hi opponen' ho e. When, by he
p
in of hi wound, he ho e, h
ving
ied hi fo e-fee on high,
oed hi he
d wih g e
 violence, he hoo off hi ide , whom, when
he w

iing himelf f om he eve e f
ll, by le
ning on hi pe

nd
bucle , M
nliu pie ced h ough he h o
, o h
 he eel p
ed
ou h ough he ib,
nd pinned him o he e
h;
nd h
ving colleced
he poil, he eu ned o hi own p
y,
nd wih hi  oop, who we e
exuling wih joy, he p oceed o he c
mp,
nd hence o he gene
l'
en o hi f
he , igno
n of wh

w
ied him, whehe p
ie o
punihmen h
d been me ied. "F
he ," 
y he, "h

ll m
y  uly
ep een me
 p ung f om you blood; when ch
llenged, I lew my

dve 
y,
nd h
ve 
en f om him hee eue i
n poil." When he
conul he
d hi, immedi
ely u ning
w
y f om hi on, he o de ed
n

embly o be ummoned by ound of  umpe. When hee

embled in
g e
 numbe , "ince you, Tiu M
nliu," 
y he, " eve ing neihe
he conul
powe no
f
he ' m
jey, h
ve fough
g
in he enemy
ou of you po con
y o ou o de ,
nd,
 f

 in you l
y, h
ve
ubve ed mili
y dicipline, by which he Rom
n powe h
 ood o
hi d
y,
nd h
ve b ough me o hi neceiy, h
 I mu eihe
fo ge he epublic, o myelf
nd mine; we h
ll expi
e ou own

ng eion
he h
n he epublic hould u
in o e iou
lo
fo ou mideed. We h
ll be
mel
ncholy ex
mple, bu
p ofi
ble
one, o he youh of fuu e
ge. A fo me, boh he n
u
l
ffecion
fo my child en,
 well
 h
 in
nce of b
ve y which h
 led you


y by he f
le noion of honou ,
ffec me fo you. Bu ince
eihe he
uho iy of conul i o be e
blihed by you de
h, o
by you fo givene o be fo eve
nnulled; I do no hin h
 even
you, if you h
ve
ny of ou blood in you, will efue o eo e, by
you punihmen, he mili
y dicipline which h
 been ubve ed by
you miconduc. Go, lico , bind him o he 
e." All bec
me
moionle, mo e h ough fe
h
n dicipline,
ounded by o c uel
n
o de , e
ch looing on he
xe
 if d
wn
g
in himelf. The efo e
when hey ood in p ofound ilence, uddenly, when he blood poued
f om hi eve ed nec, hei mind ecove ing,
 i we e, f om

e
of upef
cion, hen hei voice
oe ogehe in f ee exp eion of
compl
in, o h
 hey p
ed neihe l
men
ion no exec
ion:
nd
he body of he youh, being cove ed wih he poil, w
 bu ned on

pile e eced ouide he

mp
, wih
ll he mili
y ze
l wih which

ny fune
l could be celeb
ed:
nd M
nli
n o de  we e conide ed wih
ho o , no only fo he p een, bu of he mo
ue e eve iy fo
fuu e ime.
8. The eve iy of he punihmen howeve ende ed he oldie  mo e
obedien o he gene
l;
nd beide h
 he gu
d
nd w
che
nd he
egul
ion of he po we e eve y whe e mo e  icly
ended o, uch
eve iy w

lo p ofi
ble in he fin
l  uggle when hey c
me ino
he field of b
le. Bu he b
le w
 ve y lie o
civil w
; o
ve y imil
w
 eve y hing
mong he Rom
n
nd L
in, excep wih
epec o cou
ge. The Rom
n fo me ly ued 
ge;
fe w
d, when

hey beg
n o eceive p
y, hey m
de hield ine
d of 
ge;
nd
wh
 befo e coniued ph
l
nxe imil
o he M
cedoni
n,
fe w
d
bec
me
line d
wn up in diinc comp
nie. A lengh hey we e
divided ino eve
l cenu ie. A cenu y con
ined ixy oldie , wo
cenu ion,
nd one 
nd
d-be
e . The pe
men (h

i) fo med he
fi  line in fifeen comp
nie, wih m
ll ine v
l beween hem:

comp
ny h
d weny ligh-
med oldie , he e we
ing hield; hoe
we e c
lled ligh who c
ied only
pe

nd ho  i on j
velin.
Thi, which coniued he v
n in he field of b
le, con
ined he
youh in e
ly bloom
dv
ncing ow
d he
ge of e vice. Nex followed
men of mo e obu
ge, in he 
me numbe of comp
nie, who we e c
lled
p incipe,
ll we
ing hield,
nd diinguihed by he complee

mou . Thi b
nd of hi y comp
nie hey c
lled
nepil
ni, bec
ue
he e we e fifeen ohe  pl
ced behind hem wih he 
nd
d; of
which e
ch comp
ny conied of h ee diviion,
nd he fi  diviion
of e
ch hey c
lled
pilu. E
ch comp
ny conied of h ee enign,

nd con
ined one hund ed
nd eighy-ix men. The fi  enign w


he he
d of he T i
ii, vee
n oldie  of  ied b
ve y; he econd,

 he he
d of he Ro
ii, men whoe
biliy w
 le by e
on of
hei
ge
nd cou e of e vice; he hi d,
 he he
d of he Acceni,

body in whom ve y lile confidence w

 epoed. Fo hi e
on
lo
hey we e h own b
c o he e
. When he
my w
 m
h
lled

cco ding o hi

ngemen, he pe
men fi  commenced he figh.
If he pe
men we e un
ble o epule he enemy, hey e e
ed
leiu ely,
nd we e eceived by he p incipe ino he ine v
l of he

n. The figh hen devolved on he p incipe; he pe
men followed.
The T i
ii coninued neeling behind he enign, hei lef leg
exended fo w
d, holding hei hield eing on hei houlde ,
nd
hei pe
 fixed in he g ound, wih he poin e ec, o h
 hei
line b iled
 if encloed by

mp
. If he p incipe
lo did no
m
e ufficien imp eion in he figh, hey e e
ed lowly f om he
f on o he T i
ii. Hence, when
difficuly i fel, "M
e  h
ve
come o he T i
ii," bec
me
uu
l p ove b. The T i
ii iing up,

fe eceiving he p incipe

nd pe
men ino he ine v
l beween
hei
n, immedi
ely cloing hei file, hu up
 i we e he
opening;
nd in one comp
c body fell upon he enemy, no ohe hope
being now lef: h
 w
 he mo fo mid
ble ci cum
nce o he enemy,
when h
ving pu ued hem
 v
nuihed, hey beheld
new line uddenly

ing up, inc e
ed
lo in  engh. In gene
l
bou fou legion
we e
ied, e
ch coniing of five hou
nd inf
n y
nd h ee hund ed
ho e. A m
ny mo e we e
dded f om he L
in levy, who we e
 h

ime enemie o he Rom
n,
nd d ew up hei line
fe he 
me
m
nne ;
nd hey new h
 unle he
n we e diu bed hey would
h
ve o eng
ge no only 
nd
d wih 
nd
d, pe
men wih pe
men,
p incipe wih p incipe, bu cenu ion
lo wih cenu ion. The e we e

mong he vee

n wo fi  cenu ion in eihe
my, he Rom
n by no
me
n poeing bodily  engh, bu
b
ve m
n,
nd expe ienced in
he e vice; he L
in powe ful in bodily  engh,
nd
fi -
e
w
io ; hey we e ve y well nown o e
ch ohe , bec
ue hey h
d

lw
y held eu
l
n. The Rom
n, omewh
 diffiden of hi  engh,
h
d
 Rome ob
ined pe miion f om he conul, o elec
ny one whom
he wihed, hi own ubcenu ion, o p oec him f om he one deined o
be hi
dve 
y;
nd hi youh being oppoed o him in he b
le,
ob
ined he vico y ove he L
in cenu ion. They c
me o
n
eng
gemen no f
f om he foo of Moun Veuviu, whe e he o
d led
o he Vee i.
9. The Rom
n conul, befo e hey m
ched ou hei
mie o he field,
offe ed 
c ifice. The
upex i 
id o h
ve hown o Deciu he he
d
of he live wounded on he ide el
ing o himelf, in ohe epec

he vicim w

ccep
ble o he god; whil M
nliu ob
ined highly
f
vou
ble omen f om hi 
c ifice. "Bu
ll i well," 
y Deciu, "if
my colle
gue h
 offe ed
n
ccep
ble 
c ifice." The
n being d
wn
up in he o de
l e
dy dec ibed, hey m
ched fo h o b
le. M
nliu
comm
nded he igh, Deciu he lef wing. A fi  he
cion w

conduced wih eu
l  engh on boh ide,
nd wih he 
me
den
cou
ge. Afe w
d he Rom
n pe
men on he lef wing, no u
ining
he violen

ul of he L
in, beoo hemelve o he p incipe.
In hi 
e of  epid
ion he conul Deciu c ie ou wih
loud
voice o M
cu V
le iu, "V
le iu, we h
ve need of he
id of he
god. Come,
 public poniff of he Rom
n people, dic
e o me he
wo d in which I m
y devoe myelf fo he legion." The poniff
di eced him o 
e he gown c
lled p ex
,
nd wih hi he
d cove ed

nd hi h
nd h u ou unde he gown o he chin, 
nding upon

pe
pl
ced unde hi fee, o 
y hee wo d: "J
nu, Jupie , f
he
M
, Qui inu, Bellon
, ye L
e, ye god Novenile,[171] ye god
Indigee, ye diviniie, unde whoe powe we
nd ou enemie
e,
nd
ye dii M
ne, I p
y you, I
do e you, I
 you f
vou , h
 you would
p ope ouly g
n  engh
nd vico y o he Rom
n people, he
Qui ie;
nd h
 ye m
y
ffec he enemie of he Rom
n people, he
Qui ie, wih e o , dim
y,
nd de
h. In uch m
nne
 I h
ve
exp eed in wo d, o do I devoe he legion
nd
uxili
ie of he
enemy, ogehe wih myelf, o he dii M
ne
nd o E
h fo he
epublic of he Qui ie, fo he
my, legion,
uxili
ie of he
Rom
n people, he Qui ie." H
ving ue ed hi p
ye , he o de  he
lico  o go o Tiu M
nliu,
nd wihou del
y o
nnounce o hi
colle
gue h
 he h
d devoed himelf fo he
my. He, gi ding himelf
in
G
bine cincu e,
nd fully
med, mouned hi ho e,
nd uhed
ino he mid of he enemy. He w
 obe ved by boh
mie o p een

mo e m
jeic
ppe

nce h
n hum
n,
 one en f om he
ven

n
expi
ion of
ll he w
h of he god, o 
nfe o he enemy
de ucion u ned
w
y f om hi own ide:
cco dingly,
ll he e o

nd p
nic being c
ied
long wih him,
 fi  diu bed he
b

lion of he L
in, hen compleely pe v
ded hei eni e line.
Thi w
 mo eviden, bec
ue, in wh
eve di ecion he w
 c
ied
wih hi ho e, he e hey bec
me p
nic- icen,
 if  uc by ome
peileni
l conell
ion; bu when he fell ove whelmed wih d
,
in
nly he coho  of he L
in, h own ino m
nife cone n
ion,
oo o fligh, le
ving
void o
conide
ble exen. A he 
me
ime
lo he Rom
n, hei mind being f eed f om eligiou d e
d,
exe ing hemelve
 if he ign
l w
 hen given fo he fi  ime,
commenced o figh wih enewed
dou . Fo he Ro
ii
lo puhed
fo w
d
mong he
nepil
ni,
nd
dded  engh o he pe
men
nd
p incipe,
nd he T i
ii eing on he igh nee
w
ied he
conul' nod o ie up.
[Foonoe 171: The Novenile we e nine deiie b ough o Rome by he

bine: L

, Ve
, Mine v
, Fe oni
, Conco d, F
ih, Fo une, Ch
nce,
He
lh. ee Niebuh III. ii. 249.]
10. Afe w
d,
 he cone p oceeded, when he upe io numbe  of
he L
in h
d he
dv
n
ge in ome pl
ce, he conul, M
nliu, on
he
ing he ci cum
nce of hi colle
gue' de
h,
fe he h
d,
 w

igh
nd ju, honou ed hi o glo iou
de
h wih e
,
 well

wih p
ie o well me ied, hei
ed, fo
lile ime, whehe i
w
 ye ime fo he T i
ii o ie; hen judging i bee h
 hey
hould be ep f eh fo he deciive blow, he o de ed he Acceni o

dv
nce f om he e
befo e he 
nd
d. When hey moved fo w
d, he
L
in immedi
ely c
lled up hei T i
ii,
 if hei opponen h
d
done he 
me hing: who, when hey h
d by depe
e fighing fo

conide
ble ime boh f
igued hemelve,
nd h
d eihe b oen o
bluned hei pe
,
nd we e, howeve , be
ing b
c hei
dve 
ie,
hining h
 he b
le w
 now ne
ly decided,
nd h
 hey h
d come
o he l
 line; hen he conul c
ll o he T i
ii, "A ie now,
f eh
 ye
e,
g
in men now we
ied, mindful of you coun y
nd
p
en, you wive
nd child en; mindful of you conul who h

ubmied o de
h o inu e you vico y." When he T i
ii
oe,
f eh
 hey we e, wih hei
m glie ing,
new line which

ppe
ed unexpecedly, eceiving he
nepil
ni ino he ine v
l
beween he
n,
ied
hou,
nd b oe h ough he fi  line of
he L
in;
nd go
ding hei f
ce,
fe cuing down hoe who
coniued hei p incip
l  engh, hey p
ed
lmo in
c h ough
he ohe comp
nie, wih uch l
ughe h
 hey c
cely lef one
fou h of he enemy. The 
mnie
lo, d
wn up

di
nce
 he
foo of he moun
in,  uc e o ino he L
in. Bu of
ll, whehe
ciizen o
llie, he p incip
l p
ie fo h

cion w
 due o he
conul; he one of whom u ned on himelf
lone
ll he h e

nd
d
nge  (denounced) by he diviniie of he
ven
nd hell; he ohe
evinced uch v
lou
nd uch judgmen in he b
le, h
 i w

unive 
lly
g eed
mong boh he Rom
n
nd L
in who h
ve 
nmied
o poe iy
n
ccoun of he b
le, h
, on whicheve ide Tiu
M
nliu held he comm
nd, he vico y mu belong o h
. The L
in in
hei fligh beoo hemelve o Minu n. Immedi
ely
fe he b
le
he c
mp w
 
en,
nd g e
 numbe  ill
live we e u p ied
he ein, chiefly C
mp
ni
n. Nigh u p ied hem in hei e
ch,
nd
p evened he body of Deciu f om being dicove ed on h
 d
y. On he
d
y
fe i w
 found
mid v
 he
p of l
ughe ed enemie, pie ced
wih
g e
 numbe of d
,
nd hi fune
l w
 olemnized unde he
di ecion of hi colle
gue, in
m
nne uied o hi de
h. I eem
igh o
dd he e, h
 i i l
wful fo
conul,
dic
o ,
nd

p o , when he devoe he legion of he enemy, o devoe no himelf
p
icul
ly, bu wh
eve ciizen he m
y chooe ou of
Rom
n legion
egul
ly en olled: if he pe on who h
 been devoed die, he m
e
i duly pe fo med; if he do no pe ih, hen
n im
ge, even fee high
o mo e, mu be bu ied in he g ound,
nd
vicim l
in,

n
expi
ion. Whe e h
 im
ge h
ll be bu ied, he e i i no l
wful h


Rom
n m
gi
e hould p
. Bu if he wih o devoe himelf,

Deciu did, unle he who h
 devoed himelf die, he h
ll no wih
p op iey pe fo m
ny
c of eligion eg
ding eihe himelf o he
public. hould he wih o devoe hi
m o Vulc
n o o
ny ohe god,
he h

igh, whehe he h
ll ple
e, by
vicim, o in
ny ohe
m
nne . I i no p ope h
 he enemy hould ge poeion of he
we
pon, on which he conul, 
nding, p onounced he imp ec
ion: if
hey hould ge poeion of i, hen
n expi
ion mu be m
de o M

by he 
c ifice c
lled he uove-
u ili
. Alhough he memo y of
eve y divine
nd hum
n cuom h
 been oblie
ed, in coneuence of
p efe ing wh
 i mode n
nd fo eign o h
 which i
ncien
nd
belonging o ou own coun y, I deemed i no i elev
n o el
e he
p
icul
 even in he ve y e m ued,
 hey h
ve been h
nded down

nd exp eed.
11. I find i 
ed in ome w ie , h
 he 
mnie, h
ving
w
ied
he iue of he b
le, c
me
 lengh wih uppo  o he Rom
n
fe
he b
le w
 ove . Alo
id f om L
vinium, whil hey w
ed ime in
delibe
ing, w

 lengh en o he L
in
fe hey h
d been
v
nuihed. And when he fi  
nd
d
nd p
 of he
my ju
iued f om he g
e, new being b ough of he defe
 of he L
in,
hey f
ced
bou
nd eu ned b
c o he ciy; on which occ
ion hey

y h
 hei p o , Milioniu, obe ved, h
 "fo o ve y ho 

jou ney
high p ice mu be p
id o he Rom
n." uch of he L
in


u vived he b
le,
fe being c
e ed ove m
ny o
d, colleced
hemelve ino
body,
nd found efuge in he ciy of Veci
. The e
hei gene
l, Numiiu, inied in hei counel, h
 "he  uly
common fo une of w
h
d p o
ed boh
mie by eu
l loe,
nd
h
 only he n
me of vico y eed wih he Rom
n; h
 in ohe
epec hey oo h
ed he lo of defe
ed pe on; he wo p
vilion
of he conul we e pollued; one by he mu de commied on
on, he
ohe by he blood of
devoed conul; h
 hei
my w
 cu down in
eve y di ecion; hei pe
men
nd p incipe we e cu down; g e
 h
voc
w
 m
de befo e he 
nd
d
nd behind hem; he T i
ii
 lengh
eo ed hei c
ue. Though he fo ce of he L
in we e cu down in

n eu
l p opo ion, ye fo einfo cemen, L
ium o he Volci
n
we e ne
e h
n Rome. Whe efo e, if hey hough well of i, he would
peedily c
ll ou he youh f om he L
in
nd Volci
n 
e,
nd
would eu n o C
pu
wih
dee mined
my,
nd by hi unexpeced

iv
l  ie dim
y
mong he Rom
n, who we e expecing nohing le
h
n b
le." Decepive lee  being en
ound L
ium
nd he
Volci
n n
ion,
umulu
y
my, h
ily
ied f om
ll u
e ,
w

embled, fo
 hey h
d no been p een
 he b
le, hey we e
mo e dipoed o believe on ligh g ound. Thi
my he conul
To u
u me
 T i
num,
pl
ce beween inue

nd Minu n. Befo e

pl
ce w
 eleced fo
c
mp, he b
gg
ge on boh ide being piled
up in
he
p, hey fough
nd e min
ed he w
; fo o imp
i ed w

hei  engh, h

ll he L
in u ende ed hemelve o he
conul, who w
 le
ding hi vico iou
my o l
y w
e hei l
nd,

nd he C
mp
ni
n followed he ex
mple of hi u ende . L
ium
nd
C
pu
we e fined ome l
nd. The L
in wih he
ddiion of he
P ive ni
n l
nd;
nd he F
le ni
n l
nd, which h
d belonged o he
people of C
mp
ni
,
 f

 he ive Vulu nu, i
ll di ibued o
he common of Rome. In he L
in l
nd wo
c e
m
n we e
igned, o
h
 hey hould eceive
n
ddiion
l h ee-fou h of
n
c e f om he
P ive ni
n l
nd; in he F
le ni
n l
nd h ee
c e we e
igned, one
fou h of
n
c e being fu he
dded, in conide
ion of he di
nce.
Of he L
in he L
u eni
n we e exemped f om punihmen,

lo he
ho emen of he C
mp
ni
n, bec
ue hey h
d no evoled. An o de w

iued h
 he  e
y hould be enewed wih he L
u eni
n;
nd i i
enewed eve y ye
ince, on he enh d
y
fe he L
in feiv
l. The
igh of ciizenhip we e g
ned o he C
mp
ni
n ho emen;
nd h

i migh e ve

memo i
l, hey hung up
b
zen 
ble in he emple
of C
o
 Rome. The C
mp
ni
n 
e w

lo enjoined o p
y hem

ye
ly ipend of fou hund ed
nd fify den
ii e
ch; hei numbe

mouned o one hou

nd ix hund ed.
12. The w
being hu concluded,
fe ew
d
nd punihmen we e
di ibued
cco ding o he dee  of e
ch, Tiu M
nliu eu ned o
Rome: on hi
pp o
ch i
ppe
 h
 he
ged only wen fo h o mee
him;
nd h
 he young men, boh hen,
nd
ll hi life
fe , deeed

nd cu ed him. The Ani

n m
de incu ion on he e io ie of Oi
,
A de
,
nd oloni
. The conul M
nliu, bec
ue he w
 un
ble by e
on
of hi he
lh o conduc h
 w
, nomin
ed
 dic
o Luciu P
pi iu
C
u, who hen h
ppened o be p o ; by him Luciu P
pi iu Cu o
w

ppoined m
e of he ho e. Nohing wo hy of menion w

pe fo med
g
in he Ani
n by he dic
o ,
lhough he h
d ep


nding c
mp fo eve
l monh in he Ani
n e io y. To
ye

ign
lized by
vico y ove o m
ny
nd uch powe ful 
e, fu he
by he illu iou de
h of one of he conul,
 well
 by he
un elening, hough memo
ble, eve iy of comm
nd in he ohe , he e
ucceeded
 conul Tiu miliu M
me cinu
nd Quinu Publiliu
Philo; neihe o
imil
oppo uniy of exploi,
nd hey hemelve
being mindful
he of hei own ine e
 well
 of hoe of he

p
ie in he 
e, h
n of he ine e of hei coun y. They
oued on he pl
in of Fe eninum,
nd  ipped of hei c
mp, he
L
in, who, in eenmen of he l
nd hey h
d lo, oo up
m

g
in. Publiliu, unde whoe guid
nce
nd
upice he
cion h
d been
fough, eceiving he ubmiion of he L
in 
e, who h
d lo

g e
 m
ny of hei young men he e, miliu m
ched he
my o Pedum.
The people of Pedum we e uppo ed by he 
e of Tibu , P nee,
nd
Veli ;
uxili
ie h
d
lo come f om L
nuvium
nd Anium. Whe e,
hough he Rom
n h
d he
dv
n
ge in eve
l eng
gemen, ill he
eni e l
bou em
ined
 he ciy of Pedum ielf
nd
 he c
mp of
he
llied 
e, which w

djoining he ciy: uddenly le
ving he
w
unfinihed, bec
ue he he
d h

 iumph w
 dec eed o hi
colle
gue, he himelf
lo eu ned o Rome o dem
nd
 iumph befo e

vico y h
d been ob
ined. The en
e diple
ed by hi
mbiiou
conduc,
nd efuing
 iumph unle Pedum w
 eihe 
en o hould
u ende , miliu,
lien
ed f om he en
e in coneuence of hi

c,
dminie ed he em
inde of he conulhip lie o
ediiou
 ibunehip. Fo ,
 long
 he w
 conul, he neihe ce
ed o
c imin
e he p
 ici
n o he people, hi colle
gue by no me
n
ine fe ing, bec
ue he himelf
lo w

plebei
n; (he c
ny
di ibuion of he l
nd
mong he common in he L
in
nd F
le ni
n
e io y
ffo ded he g oundwo  of he c imin
ion;)
nd when he
en
e, wihing o pu
n end o he
dmini
ion of he conul,
o de ed
dic
o o be nomin
ed
g
in he L
in, who we e
g
in in

m, miliu, o whom he f

ce hen belonged, nomin
ed hi colle
gue
dic
o ; by him Juniu B uu w
 coniued m
e of he ho e. The
dic
o hip w
 popul
, boh in coneuence of hi dicou e
con
ining invecive
g
in he p
 ici
n,
nd bec
ue he p
ed
h ee l
w, mo
dv
n
geou o he common,
nd inju iou o he
nobiliy; one, h
 he o de  of he common hould be binding on
ll
he Rom
n;
nohe , h
 he p
 ici
n hould, befo e he uff
ge
commenced, decl
e hei
pp ob
ion of he l
w which hould be p
ed
in he
emblie of he cenu ie; he hi d, h
 one
 le
 of he
ceno  hould be eleced f om he common,
 hey h
d
l e
dy gone o
f

 h
 i w
 l
wful h
 boh he conul hould be plebei
n. The
p
 ici
n conide ed h
 mo e of de imen h
d been u
ined on h

ye
f om he conul
nd dic
o h
n w
 coune b
l
nced by hei
ucce
nd
chievemen
b o
d.
13. On he following ye
, Luciu Fu iu C
millu
nd C
iu Mniu we e
conul, in o de h
 he neglec of hi duy by miliu, he conul of
he p eceding ye
, migh be ende ed mo e m
edly ep o
chful, he
en
e loudly u ge h
 Pedum hould be

iled wih
m, men,
nd
eve y ind of fo ce,
nd be demolihed;
nd he new conul, being
fo ced o give h
 m
e he p ecedence of
ll ohe , e ou on h

expediion. The 
e of
ff
i  w
 now uch in L
ium, h
 hey could
no longe ubmi o eihe w
o pe
ce. Fo w
hey we e deficien in
eou ce; hey pu ned
 pe
ce h ough eenmen fo he lo of
hei l
nd. I eemed nece
y he efo e o ee
middle cou e, o
eep wihin hei own, o h
 he Rom
n by being p ovoed migh h
ve
no p eex fo hoiliie;
nd h
 if he iege of
ny own hould be

nnounced o hem,
id hould be en f om eve y u
e f om
ll he

e. And ill he people of Pedum we e
ided by only
ve y few

e. The Tibu i
n
nd P neine, whoe e io y l
y ne
e,
c
me o Pedum. Mniu uddenly m
ing
n

c, defe
ed he
A icini
n,
nd L
nuvi
n,
nd Velie ni
n,
 he ive Au
, he
Volci
n of Anium fo ming
juncion wih hem. The Tibu i
n, f
he
 onge body, C
millu eng
ge
 Pedum, encoune ing much g e
e
difficuly, hough wih
eul eu
lly ucceful. A udden 
lly of
he ownmen du ing he b
le chiefly occ
ioned confuion: C
millu,

u ning on hee wih

p
 of hi
my, no only d ove hem wihin
hei w
ll, bu on he ve y 
me d
y,
fe he h
d dicomfied
hemelve
nd hei
uxili
ie, he oo he own by c
l
de. I w

hen eolved o le
d ound wih g e
e ene gy
nd pi i hi
vico iou
my f om he o ming of
ingle ciy o he eni e
conue of L
ium. No did hey op unil hey educed
ll L
ium,
eihe by o ming, o by becoming m
e  of he ciie one
fe he
ohe by c
piul
ion. Then, dipoing g
ion in he own which hey
h
d 
en, hey dep
ed o Rome o
 iumph unive 
lly
dmied o
be due o hem. To he  iumph w

dded he honou of h
ving eue i
n

ue e eced o hem in he fo um,
complimen ve y unuu
l
 h

pe iod. Befo e hey commenced holding he meeing fo he elecion of
he conul fo he enuing ye
, C
millu moved he en
e conce ning
he L
in 
e,
nd poe hu: "Conc ip f
he , h
 which w
 o
be done by w

nd
m in L
ium h
 now been fully
ccomplihed by he
bouny of he god
nd he v
lou of he oldie . The
mie of he
enemy h
ve been cu down
 Pedum
nd he Au
. All he L
in own,

nd Anium belonging o he Volci

n, eihe 
en by o m, o
eceived ino u ende ,
e occupied by you g
ion. I now em
in
o be conide ed, ince hey
nnoy u by hei epe
ed ebellion, how
we m
y eep hem in uie ubmiion
nd in he obe v
nce of pe peu
l
pe
ce. The immo 
l god h
ve pu he dee min
ion of hi m
e o
compleely in you powe , h
 hey h
ve pl
ced i
 you opion
whehe L
ium i o exi hencefo w
d o no. Ye c
n he efo e inu e
o you elve pe peu
l pe
ce,
 f

 eg
d he L
in, eihe by

doping eve e o lenien me

u e. Do ye chooe o
dop c uel conduc
ow
d people who h
ve u ende ed
nd h
ve been conue ed? Ye m
y
de oy
ll L
ium, m
e
v
 dee  of
pl
ce whence, in m
ny
nd
e iou w
, ye h
ve ofen m
de ue of
n excellen
my of
llie. Do
you wih,
cco ding o he ex
mple of you
nceo , o
ugmen he
Rom
n 
e by
dmiing he v
nuihed
mong you ciizen? M
e i
l
fo exending you powe by he highe glo y
e
 h
nd. Th

gove nmen i ce 
inly by f
he mo ecu e, which he ubjec feel

ple
u e in obeying. Bu wh
eve dee min
ion ye wih o come o, i
i nece
y h
 i be peedy. o m
ny 
e h
ve ye in

e of
upene beween hope
nd fe
;
nd i i nece
y h
 you be
dich
ged
 oon
 poible of you oliciude
bou hem,
nd h

hei mind, whil hey
e ill in

e of inenibiliy f om
unce 
iny, be
 once imp eed eihe by punihmen o clemency. I
w
 ou duy o b ing m
e  o uch
p
 h
 you m
y h
ve full
powe o delibe
e on eve y m
e ; you  o decide wh
 i mo
expedien o you elve
nd he commonwe
lh."
14. The p incip
l membe  of he en
e
ppl
uded he conul'

emen of he buine on he whole; bu 
id h
 "
 he 
e
we e diffe enly ci cum
nced, h
 hei pl
n migh be e
dily

djued o h
 i migh be dee mined
cco ding o he dee  of e
ch,
if hey hould pu he ueion eg
ding e
ch 
e pecific
lly." The
ueion w
 he efo e o pu eg
ding e
ch ep

ely
nd
dec ee
p
. To he L
nuvi
n he igh of ciizenhip w
 g
ned,
nd he
exe cie of hei eligiou igh w
 eo ed o hem wih hi
p oviion, h
 he emple
nd g ove of Juno opi
hould be common
beween he L
nuvi
n bu ghe 
nd he Rom
n people. The A ici
n,
Nomen
n,
nd Ped
n we e
dmied ino he numbe of ciizen on he

me e m
 he L
nuvi
n. To he Tucul
n he igh of ciizenhip
which hey
l e
dy poeed we e coninued;
nd he c ime of ebellion
w
 u ned f om di
ffecion on public g ound
g
in
few
inig
o . On he Velie ni
n, Rom
n ciizen of long 
nding,
me
u e of g e
 eve iy we e infliced bec
ue hey h
d o ofen
ebelled; hei w
ll we e
zed,
nd hei en
e emoved f om hence,


nd hey we e o de ed o dwell on he ohe ide of he Tibe , o h

he fine of
ny individu
l who hould be c
ugh on he hihe ide of
h
 ive hould
moun o one hou
nd _
e_;
nd h
 he pe on
who h
d
pp ehended him, hould no dich
ge hi p ione f om
confinemen, unil he money w
 p
id down. Ino he l
nd of he
en
o  coloni we e en; f om he
ddiion of which Veli
ecove ed i
ppe

nce of fo me populoune. A new colony w

lo
en o Anium, wih hi p oviion, h
 if he Ani
n dei ed o be
en olled
 coloni, pe miion o h
 effec hould be g
ned.
Thei hip of w
we e emoved f om hence,
nd he people of Anium
we e ine diced he e
,
nd he igh of ciizenhip we e g
ned
hem. The Tibu i
n
nd P neine we e
me ced in ome l
nd, no only
on
ccoun of he ecen guil of he ebellion, which w
 common o
hem wih he ohe L
in; bu
lo bec
ue, f om hei dilie o he
Rom
n gove nmen, hey h
d fo me ly
oci
ed in
m wih he G
ul,

n
ion of 
v
ge. F om he ohe L
in 
e hey oo
w
y he
p ivilege of ine m
i
ge, comme ce,
nd of holding meeing. To he
C
mp
ni
n, in complimen o hei ho emen, bec
ue hey h
d efued o
join in ebellion wih he L
in,
nd o he Fund
n
nd Fo mi
n,
bec
ue he p

ge h ough hei e io ie h
d been
lw
y ecu e
nd
pe
ceful, he f eedom of he 
e w
 g
ned wih he igh of
uff
ge. I w
 dee mined h
 he people of Cum
nd ueul
hould
h
ve he 
me igh
nd be on he 
me fooing
 C
pu
. Of he hip
of he Ani
n ome we e d
wn up o he doc
 Rome, ome we e
bu ned,
nd wih he p ow of hee
pulpi buil in he fo um w

o de ed o be deco
ed;
nd h
 emple w
 c
lled Ro
.
15. Du ing he conulhip of C
iu ulpiciu Longu
nd Publiu liu
Pu, when he Rom
n powe no mo e h
n he indly feeling engende ed
by
c of indne diffued he bleing of pe
ce
mong
ll p
ie,

w
b oe ou beween he idicini
n
nd Au unc
n. The Au unc
n
h
ving been
dmied ino
lli
nce on he occ
ion of hei
u ende ing, h
d ince h
 pe iod m
de no diu b
nce;
cco dingly
hey h
d
jue p eex fo eeing
id f om he Rom
n. Bu befo e
he conul led fo h hei
my f om he ciy, (fo he en
e h
d
o de ed he Au unc
n o be defended,) inelligence i b ough h
 he
Au unc
n dee ed hei own h ough fe
,
nd flying wih hei wive

nd child en, h
 hey fo ified ue
, which i now c
lled Au unc
;
h
 hei
ncien w
ll
nd ciy we e demolihed by he idicini
n.
The en
e being in coneuence incened
g
in he conul, by whoe
del
y he
llie h
d been be
yed, o de ed
dic
o o be c e
ed.
C
iu Cl
udiu Regilleni w

ppoined,
nd he nomin
ed C
iu
Cl
udiu Ho 
o
 m
e of he ho e. A c uple
fe w
d
oe
conce ning he dic
o ;
nd when he
ugu  decl
ed h
 he eemed o
h
ve been c e
ed unde
n info m
liy, he dic
o
nd he m
e of
he ho e l
id down hei office. Thi ye
Minuci
,
ve
l,
 fi 
upeced on
ccoun of he d e being mo e eleg
n h
n w
 becoming,

fe w
d being

igned befo e he poniff on he eimony of

l
ve,
fe he h
d been o de ed by hei dec ee o
b
in f om
meddling in 
c ed ie,
nd o eep he l
ve unde he own powe ,
when b ough o  i
l, w
 bu ied
live
 he Colline g
e, on he
igh of he c
uew
y, in he field of wicedne. I uppoe h
 n
me
w
 given o he pl
ce f om he c ime. On he 
me ye
Quinu
Publiliu Philo w
 he fi  of he plebei
n eleced p o , being
oppoed by ulpiciu he conul, who efued o 
e
ny noice of him


c
ndid
e; he en
e,
 hey h
d no ucceeded on h
 g ound in
he c
e of he highe office, being le e
ne wih epec o he
p o hip.
16. The following ye
, Luciu P
pi iu C
u
nd Ko Duiliu being

conul, w
 diinguihed by
w
wih he Auoni
n,
 being new

he h
n impo 
n. Thi people inh
bied he ciy C
le; hey h
d
unied hei
m wih hei neighbou  he idicini
n;
nd he
my of
he wo 
e being defe
ed in one b
le c
cely wo hy of eco d,
w
 induced o 
e o fligh he e
lie in coneuence of he
p oximiy of he ciie,
nd he mo e hele ed on hei fligh. No did
he en
e, howeve , diconinue hei
enion o h
 w
, bec
ue
he idicini
n h
d now o ofen 
en up
m eihe
 p incip
l, o
h
d
ffo ded
id o hoe who did o, o h
d been he c
ue of
hoiliie. Acco dingly hey exe ed hemelve wih
ll hei migh,
o
ie o he conulhip fo he fou h ime, M
cu V
le iu Co vu,
he g e
e gene
l of h
 d
y. To Co vu w

dded M
cu Ailiu
Regulu
 colle
gue;
nd le
ny di
ppoinmen migh by
ny ch
nce
occu ,
eue w
 m
de of he conul, h
, wihou d
wing lo,
h
 p ovince migh be
igned o Co vu. Receiving he vico iou
my
f om he fo me conul, p oceeding o C
le, whence he w
h
d
o igin
ed,
fe he h
d,
 he fi  hou
nd one, oued he
enemy, who we e dihe
ened by he ecollecion
lo of he fo me
eng
gemen, he e
bou

cing he own ielf. And uch w
 he

dou of he oldie , h

 hey wihed o
dv
nce immedi
ely up o
he w
ll,
nd  enuouly
e ed h
 hey would c
le hem. Co vu,
bec
ue h
 w

h
z
dou unde 
ing, wihed o
ccomplih hi
objec
he by he l
bou h
n he i of hi men. Acco dingly he
fo med

mp
, p ep
ed hi vine,
nd
dv
nced owe  up o he
w
ll; bu
n oppo uniy which
cciden
lly p eened ielf, p evened
he occ
ion fo hem. Fo M
ciu F
biu,
Rom
n p ione , when,
h
ving b oen hi ch
in du ing he in
enion of hi gu
d on

feiv
l d
y, upending himelf by me
n of
ope which w
 f
ened
o
b
lemen of he w
ll, he le himelf down by he h
nd, pe u
ded
he gene
l o m
e
n

ul on he enemy whil upified by wine
nd
fe
ing; no we e he Auoni
n, ogehe wih hei ciy, c
pu ed
wih g e
e difficuly h
n hey h
d been oued in he field. A g e


moun of booy w
 ob
ined;
nd
g
ion being 
ioned
 C
le,
he legion we e m
ched b
c o Rome. The conul  iumphed in pu u
nce
of
dec ee of he en
e;
nd h
 Ailiu migh no be wihou
h
e
of glo y, boh he conul we e o de ed o le
d he
my
g
in he
idicini
n. Bu fi , in confo miy wih
dec ee of he en
e, hey
nomin
ed
 dic
o fo he pu poe of holding he elecion, Luciu
miliu M
me cinu; he n
med Quinu Publiliu Philo hi m
e of he
ho e. The dic
o p eiding
 he elecion, Tiu Veu iu
nd
pu iu Poumiu we e eleced conul. Though
p
 of he w
wih
he idicini
n ill em
ined; ye h
 hey migh
nicip
e, by
n

c of indne, he wihe of he common, hey p opoed

bou ending

colony o C
le;
nd
dec ee of he en
e being p
ed h
 wo
hou
nd five hund ed men hould be en olled fo h
 pu poe, hey

ppoined Ko Duiliu, Tiu Quinciu,

nd M
cu F
biu commiione 
fo conducing he colony
nd di ibuing he l
nd.
17. The new conul hen, ecove ing he
my f om hei p edeceo ,
ene ed he enemy' e io ie
nd c
ied hei dep ed
ion up o he
w
ll
nd he ciy. The e bec
ue he idicini
n, who h
d
ied

nume ou
my, eemed dee mined o figh vigo ouly fo hei l

hope,
nd
epo  exied h
 
mnium
lo w
 p ep
ing fo
hoiliie, Publiu Co neliu Rufinu w
 c e
ed dic
o by he
conul in pu u
nce of
dec ee of he en
e; M
cu Anoniu w

nomin
ed m
e of he ho e. A c uple
fe w
d
oe h
 hey we e
eleced unde
n info m
liy:
nd hey l
id down hei office;
nd
bec
ue
peilence followed, ecou e w
 h
d o
n ine egnum,
 if

ll he
upice h
d been infeced by h
 i egul
iy. By M
cu
V
le iu Co vu, he fifh ine ex f om he commencemen of he

ine egnum, Aulu Co neliu

econd ime,
nd Cneiu Domiiu we e
eleced conul. Thing being now 
nuil, he umou of
G
llic w

h
d he effec of
e
l oub e
, o h
 hey we e dee mined h


dic
o hould be nomin
ed. M
cu P
pi iu C
u w
 nomin
ed,
nd
Publiu V
le iu Publicol
m
e of he ho e. And when he levy w

conduced by hem wih mo e
civiy h
n w
 deemed nece
y in he
c
e of neighbou ing w
, cou we e en ou
nd b ough wo d, h

he e w
 pe fec uie wih he G
ul in eve y di ecion. I w

upeced h
 
mnium
lo w
 now fo he econd ye
in

e of
diu b
nce in coneuence of hei ene 
ining new deign: hence he
Rom
n  oop we e no wihd
wn f om he idicini
n e io y. Bu

hoile

c m
de by Alex
nde of Epi u on he Luc
ni
n d ew
w
y
he
enion of he 
mnie o
nohe u
e ; hee wo n
ion
fough
piched b
le
g
in he ing,
 he w
 m
ing
decen on
he di ic
djoining Pum. Alex
nde , h
ving come off vico iou in
h
 cone, concluded
pe
ce wih he Rom
n; wih wh
 fideliy he
would h
ve ep i, if hi ohe p ojec h
d been eu
lly ucceful,
i unce 
in. The 
me ye
he cenu w
 pe fo med,
nd he new
ciizen we e
ed; on hei
ccoun he Mci
n
nd c
pi
n  ibe
we e
dded: he ceno  who
dded hem we e Quinu Publiliu Philo
nd
pu iu Poumiu. The Ace
n we e en olled
 Rom
n, in confo miy
wih
l
w in oduced by he p o , Luciu P
pi iu, by which he igh
of ciizenhip wih he p ivilege of uff
ge w
 confe ed. Thee we e
he 
n
cion
 home
nd
b o
d du ing h
 ye
.
18. The following ye
w
 di
 ou, whehe by he inempe
u e of
he
i , o by hum
n guil, M
cu Cl
udiu M
cellu
nd C
iu V
le iu
being conul. I find in he
nn
l Fl
ccu
nd Poiu v
iouly given

 he u n
me of he conul; bu in hi i i of lile coneuence
which i he  ue one. I would he
ily wih h
 hi ohe
ccoun
we e
f
le one, (no indeed do
ll w ie  menion i,) viz. h

hoe pe on, whoe de
h ende ed he ye
ign
l fo he peilence,
we e c
ied off by poion. The ci cum
nce howeve mu be 
ed

i i h
nded down o u, h
 I m
y no de
c f om he c edi of
ny
w ie . When he p incip
l pe on of he 
e we e dying of imil

die
e,
nd
ll gene
lly wih he 
me eul,
ce 
in m
id-e v
n
unde oo, befo e Quiniu F
biu M
ximu, cu ule dile, o dicove he
c
ue of he public m
l
dy, p ovided he public f
ih would be given o
he by him, h
 he dicove y hould no be m
de de imen
l o he .
F
biu immedi
ely l
y he m
e befo e he conul,
nd he conul
befo e he en
e,
nd wih he concu ence of h
 o de he public
f
ih w
 pledged o he info me . I w
 hen dicloed h
 he 
e
w

ffliced by he wicedne of ce 
in women,
nd h
 ce 
in
m
 on we e p ep
ing hoe poionou d ug;
nd if hey wihed o
follow he fo hwih, hey migh be deeced in he ve y f
c. H
ving
followed he info me , hey found women p ep
ing ce 
in d ug,
nd
ohe  of he 
me ind l
id up. Thee being b ough ino he fo um,
nd
eve
l m
 on, o he numbe of weny, in whoe poeion hey h
d
been deeced, being ummoned by he be
dle, wo of hem, Co neli

nd
e gi
, boh of p
 ici
n
n, m
in
ining h
 hee d ug we e
wholeome, we e di eced by he info me who conf oned hem o d in
ome, h
 hey migh convic he of h
ving 
ed wh
 w
 f
le;
h
ving 
en ime o confe ogehe , when, he c owd being emoved,
hey efe ed he m
e o he ohe m
 on in he open view of
ll;
hey
lo no efuing o d in, hey
ll d
n off he p ep

ion,
nd
pe ihed by hei own wiced device. Thei
end
n being in
nly
eized, info med
g
in
g e
 numbe of m
 on, of whom o he
numbe of one hund ed
nd eveny we e condemned. No up o h
 d
y w

he e eve
n inui y m
de
 Rome conce ning poioning. The
ci cum
nce w
 conide ed
p odigy;
nd eemed he
c
he of

in
ne pe on h
n of pe on dep
ved by guil. Whe efo e menion
h
ving been found in he
nn
l, h
 fo me ly in he eceion of he
common he n
il h
d been d iven by he dic
o ,
nd h
 he mind of
he people, di
ced by dico d, h
d been eo ed o

ne 
e, i
w
 dee mined h

dic
o hould be nomin
ed fo he pu poe of
d iving he n
il. Cneiu Quinciliu being nomin
ed,
ppoined Luciu
V
le iu m
e of he ho e, who,
 oon
 he n
il w
 d iven,

bdic
ed hei office.
19. Luciu P
pi iu C
u
econd ime,
nd Luciu Pl
uiu Venno
we e eleced conul;
 he commencemen of which ye

mb

do  c
me
o Rome f om he F
b
e ni
n,
Volci
n people,
nd f om he
Luc
ni
n, oliciing o be
dmied ino
lli
nce: [p omiing] h
 if
hey we e defended f om he
m of he 
mnie, hey would coninue in
fideliy
nd obedience unde he gove nmen of he Rom
n people.
Amb

do  we e hen en by he en
e;
nd he 
mnie we e di eced
o wihhold
ll violence f om he e io ie of hoe 
e;
nd hi
emb
y p oved effecu
l no o much bec
ue he 
mnie we e dei ou
of pe
ce,
 bec
ue hey we e no p ep
ed fo w
. The 
me ye

w

b oe ou wih he people of P ive num; in which he people of Fundi
we e hei uppo e , hei le
de
lo being
Fund
ni
n, Vi uviu
V
ccu;
m
n of diincion no only
 home, bu in Rome
lo. He h
d

houe on he P
l
ine hill, which,
fe he building w

zed
nd
he g ound h own open, w
 c
lled he V
ccip

. Luciu P
pi iu
h
ving e ou o oppoe him whil dev

ing exenively he
di ic of ei
, No b
,
nd Co
, poed himelf
 no g e
 di
nce
f om hi c
mp. Vi uviu neihe
doped he p uden eoluion o
encloe himelf wih hi  enche
g
in
n enemy hi upe io in
 engh, no h
d he ufficien cou
ge o eng
ge

ny g e
 di
nce
f om hi c
mp. When hi
my h
d c
cely go ou of he g
e of he
c
mp,
nd hi oldie  we e looing b
cw
d o fligh
he h
n o
b
le o he enemy, he ene  on
n eng
gemen wihou judgmen o
boldne;
nd
 he w
 conue ed by
ve y ligh effo 
nd
uneuivoc
lly, o did he by he ve y ho ne of he di
nce,
nd by
he f
ciliy of hi e e
 ino he c
mp o ne

 h
nd, p oec hi
oldie  wihou difficuly f om much lo;
nd c
cely we e
ny l
in
in he eng
gemen ielf,
nd bu few in he confuion of he fligh in
he e
, whil hey we e m
ing hei w
y ino he c
mp;
nd
 oon

 i w
 d
 hey ep
i ed o P ive num in  epid
ion, o h
 hey
migh p oec hemelve
he by w
ll h
n by

mp
. Pl
uiu,
he ohe conul,
fe l
ying w
e he l
nd in eve y di ecion
nd
d iving off he poil, le
d hi
my ino he Fund
ni
n e io y. The
en
e of he Fund
ni
n me him
 he w
 ene ing hei bo de ; hey
decl
e h
 "hey h
d no come o ine cede in beh
lf of Vi uviu o
hoe who followed hi f
cion, bu in beh
lf of he people of Fundi,
whoe exempion f om
ny bl
me in he w
h
d been p oved by Vi uviu
himelf, when he m
de P ive num hi pl
ce of e e
,
nd no hi n
ive
coun y, Fundi. A P ive num, he efo e, he enemie of he Rom
n people
we e o be looed fo ,
nd punihed, who evoled
 he 
me ime f om
he Fund
ni
n
nd he Rom
n, unmindful of boh coun ie. Th
 he
Fund
ni
n we e
 pe
ce, h
 hey h
d Rom
n feeling
nd
g
eful
ecollecion of he poliic
l igh eceived. They en e
ed he conul
o wihhold w
f om
n inoffenive people; hei l
nd, ciy, hei own
bodie
nd hoe of hei wive
nd child en, we e,
nd eve hould be,

 he dipo
l of he Rom
n people." The conul, h
ving commended he
Fund
ni
n,
nd dep
ched lee  o Rome h
 he Fund
ni
n h
d
p ee ved hei
llegi
nce, u ned hi m
ch o P ive num. Cl
udiu

e, h
 he conul fi  punihed hoe who we e
 he he
d of he
conpi
cy; h
 h ee hund ed
nd fify of he conpi
o  we e en
in ch
in o Rome;
nd h
 uch ubmiion w
 no eceived by he

en
e, bec
ue hey conide ed h
 he people of Fundi wihed o come
off wih impuniy by he punihmen of needy
nd humble pe on.
20. While he iege of P ive num w
 being conduced by he wo conul

mie, one of he conul w

 ec
lled o Rome, on
ccoun of he
elecion. Thi ye
g
ol we e fi  e eced in he ci cu. While he

enion of he public w

 ill occupied by he P ive ni
n w
,
n

l
ming epo  of he G
ul being in
m,
m
e c
cely eve
lighed by he en
e, uddenly c
me on hem. The new conul,
he efo e, Luciu miliu M
me cinu
nd C
iu Pl
uiu, on he c
lend
of July, he ve y d
y on which hey ene ed ino office, eceived o de 
o ele he p ovince immedi
ely beween hemelve;
nd M
me cinu,
o whom he G
llic w
fell, w
 di eced o levy  oop, wihou

dmiing
ny ple
of immuniy: n
y, i i 
id, h
 even he
bble of
h
ndic
f,
nd hoe of eden
y 
de, of
ll he wo  u
lified
fo mili
y e vice, we e c
lled ou;
nd
v

my w
 colleced

Veii, in e
dine o mee he G
ul. I w
 hough p ope no o
p oceed o
g e
e di
nce, le he enemy migh by ome ohe oue

ive
 he ciy wihou being obe ved. In he cou e of
few d
y
i being
ce 
ined, on
c
eful inui y, h
 eve y hing on h

ide w
 uie
 he ime; he whole fo ce, which w
 o h
ve oppoed
he G
ul, w
 hen u ned
g
in P ive num. Of he iue of he
buine, he e
e wo diffe en
ccoun: ome 
y, h
 he ciy w


en by o m;
nd h
 Vi uviu fell
live ino he h
nd [of he
conue o ]: ohe  m
in
in h
 he ownmen, o
void he ex emiie
of
o m, p eening he od of pe
ce, u ende ed o he conul;
nd
h
 Vi uviu w
 delive ed up by hi  oop. The en
e, being
conuled wih epec o Vi uviu
nd he P ive ni
n, en
di ecion, h
 he conul Pl
uiu hould demolih he w
ll of
P ive num,
nd, le
ving
 ong g
ion he e, come home o enjoy he
honou of
 iumph;
 he 
me ime o de ing h
 Vi uviu hould be
ep in p ion, unil he eu n of he conul,
nd h
 he hould hen
be be
en wih od,
nd pu o de
h. Hi houe, which ood on he
P
l
ine hill, hey comm
nded o be
zed o he g ound,
nd hi effec
o be devoed o emo 
ncu. Wih he money p oduced by he 
le of
hem, b
zen globe we e fo med,
nd pl
ced in he ch
pel of 
ncu,
oppoie o he emple of Qui inu. A o he en
e of P ive num, i
w
 dec eed, h
 eve y pe on who h
d coninued o
c

en
o of
P ive num,
fe he evol f om he Rom
n, hould eide on he
f
he ide of he Tibe , unde he 
me e icion
 hoe of
Veli . Afe he p
ing of hee dec ee, he e w
 no fu he
menion of he P ive ni
n, unil Pl
uiu h
d  iumphed. Afe he
 iumph, Vi uviu, wih hi
ccomplice, h
ving been pu o de
h, he
conul hough h

ll being now fully g
ified by he uffe ing of
he guily,
lluion migh be 
fely m
de o he buine of he
P ive ni
n, he poe in he following m
nne : "Conc ip f
he , ince
he
uho  of he evol h
ve eceived, boh f om he immo 
l god
nd
f om you, he punihmen o well me ied, wh
 do ye judge p ope o be
done wih epec o he guille muliude? Fo my p
,
lhough my
duy coni
he in collecing he opinion of ohe  h
n in
offe ing my own, ye, when I eflec h
 he P ive ni
n
e iu
ed
in he neighbou hood of he 
mnie, ou pe
ce wih whom i exceedingly
unce 
in, I hould wih, h

 lile g ound of
nimoiy
 poible
m
y be lef beween hem
nd u."
21. The
ff
i n
u
lly
dmied of
dive iy of opinion, e
ch,

g ee
bly o hi p
icul
empe , ecommending eihe eve iy o
leniy; m
e  we e ill fu he pe plexed by one of he P ive ni
n

mb

do , mo e mindful of he p opec o which he h
d been bo n,
h
n o he exigency of he p een juncu e: who being
ed by one of

he
dvoc
e fo eve iy, "Wh
 punihmen he hough he P ive ni
n
dee ved?"
nwe ed, "uch
 hoe dee ve who deem hemelve wo hy
of libe y." The conul obe ving, h
, by hi ubbo n
nwe , hoe
who we e
dve e o he c
ue of he P ive ni
n we e he mo e
ex
pe
ed
g
in hem,
nd wihing, by
ueion of f
vou
ble
impo , o d
w f om him
mo e concili
ing eply, 
id o him, "Wh

if we emi he punihmen, in wh
 m
nne m
y we expec h
 ye will
obe ve he pe
ce which h
ll be e
blihed beween u?" He eplied,
"If he pe
ce which ye g
n u be
good one, boh inviol
ble
nd
ee n
l; if b
d, of no long coninu
nce." Then indeed ome excl
imed,
h
 he P ive ni
n men
ced hem,
nd no in
mbiguou e m;
nd h

by uch exp eion pe
ce
ble 
e we e incied o ebellion. Bu he
mo e e
on
ble p
 of he en
e ine p eed hi
nwe  mo e
f
vou
bly,
nd 
id, h
 "he wo d hey h
d he
d we e hoe of

m
n,
nd of
f ee-m
n. Could i be believed h

ny people, o even

ny individu
l, would em
in, longe h
n neceiy con
ined, in

iu
ion which he fel p
inful? Th
 pe
ce w
 f
ihfully obe ved,
only when hoe
 pe
ce we e volun
ily o; bu h
 fideliy w
 no
o be expeced whe e hey wihed o e
blih l
ve y." In hi opinion
hey we e led o concu , p incip
lly, by he conul himelf, who
f euenly obe ved o he conul
, who h
d p opoed he diffe en
eoluion, in uch
m
nne
 o be he
d by eve
l, h
 "u ely
hoe men only who hough of nohing bu libe y, we e wo hy of being
m
de Rom
n." They coneuenly boh c
ied hei c
ue in he en
e;

nd, mo eove , by di ecion of h

 body,
p opo
l w
 l
id befo e he
people, h
 he f eedom of he 
e hould be g
ned o he
P ive ni
n. The 
me ye

colony of h ee hund ed w
 en o Anxu ,

nd eceived wo
c e of l
nd e
ch.
22. The ye
following, in which he conul we e Publiu Pl
uiu
P oculu
nd Publiu Co neliu c
pul
, w
 em

ble fo no one

n
cion, civil o mili
y, excep he ending of
colony o
F egell,
di ic which h
d belonged o he idicini
n,
nd

fe w
d o he Volci
n;
nd
di ibuion of me
 o he people,
m
de by M
cu Fl
viu, on occ
ion of he fune
l of hi mohe . The e
we e m
ny who ep eened, h
, unde he
ppe

nce of doing honou o
hi p
en,
dee ved ecompence w
 m
de o he people, fo h
ving

cuied him, when p oecued by he dile on

ch
ge of h
ving
deb
uched
m
ied wom
n. Thi di ibuion of me
 inended


eu n fo f
vou  hown on he  i
l, p oved
lo he me
n of
p ocu ing him he honou of
public office; fo ,
 he nex elecion,
hough
ben, he w
 p efe ed befo e he c
ndid
e who olicied in
pe on he  ibunehip of he common. The ciy of P
lpoli w

iu
ed
 no g e
 di
nce f om he po whe e Ne
poli now 
nd.
The wo ciie we e inh
bied by one people: hee c
me f om Cum,
nd
he Cum
n de ive hei o igin f om Ch
lci in Eub
. By me
n of
he flee in which hey h
d been conveyed hihe , hey poeed g e

powe on he co
 of he e
, ne
which hey dwel. H
ving fi 
l
nded on he il
nd of n
i
,
nd he Pihecu, hey
fe w
d
venu ed o 
nfe hei elemen o he coninen. Thi 
e,
elying boh on hei own  engh,
 well
 on he  e
che ou n
u e
of he
lli
nce of he 
mnie wih he Rom
n; o , encou
ged by he
epo  of
peilence h
ving

ced he ciy of Rome, commied
v
iou
c of hoiliy
g
in he Rom
n eled in he C
mp
ni
n

nd F
le ni
n e io ie. Whe efo e, in he ucceeding conul
e of
Luciu Co neliu,
nd Quinu Publiliu Philo
econd ime, he
ld
being en o P
lpoli o dem
nd 
if
cion, when
h
ughy
nwe
w
 eu ned by hee G ee,

ce mo e m
gn
nimou in wo d h
n in

cion, he people, in pu u

nce of he di ecion of he en
e, o de ed
w
o be decl
ed
g
in he P
lpoli
n. On eling he p ovince

beween he conul, he w

g
in he G ee fell o Publiliu.
Co neliu, wih
nohe
my, w

ppoined o w
ch he 
mnie if
hey hould
emp
ny movemen; bu
epo  p ev
iled h
 hey,

nxiouly expecing
evol in C
mp
ni
, inended o m
ch hei  oop
hihe ; h
 w
 judged by Co neliu he p ope e 
ion fo him.
23. The en
e eceived info m
ion, f om boh he conul, h
 he e
w
 ve y lile hope of pe
ce wih he 
mnie. Publiliu info med
hem, h
 wo hou
nd oldie  f om Nol,
nd fou hou
nd of he

mnie, h
d been eceived ino P
lpoli,
me
u e
he fo ced on
he G ee by he Nol
n h
n
g ee
ble o hei inclin
ion. Co neliu
w oe, h

levy of  oop h
d been o de ed, h

ll 
mnium w
 in
moion,
nd h
 he neighbou ing 
e of P ive num, Fundi,
nd
Fo mi, we e openly olicied o join hem. When in coneuence i w

hough p ope , h
, befo e hoiliie we e commenced,
mb

do 
hould be en o he 
mnie,
n inolen
nwe i eu ned by hem;
hey even wen o f

 o
ccue he Rom
n of beh
ving inju iouly
ow
d hem; bu, neve hele, hey oo p
in o cle
hemelve of
he ch
ge m
de
g
in hem,
e ing, h
 "he G ee we e no

ied wih eihe counel o

id by hei 
e, no we e he
Fund
ni
n o Fo mi
n 
mpe ed wih by hem; fo , if hey we e dipoed
o w
, hey h
d no he le
 e
on o be diffiden of hei own
 engh. Howeve , hey could no diemble, h
 i g
ve g e
 offence
o he 
e of he 
mnie, h
 F egell, by hem 
en f om he
Volci
n
nd demolihed, hould h
ve been ebuil by he Rom
n;
nd
h
 hey hould h
ve e
blihed
colony wihin he e io y of he

mnie, o which hei coloni g
ve he n
me of F egell. Thi
inju y
nd
ff on, if no done
w
y by he
uho , hey we e
dee mined hemelve o emove, by eve y me
n in hei powe ." When
one of he Rom
n
mb

do  p opoed o dicu he m
e befo e hei
common
llie
nd f iend, hei m
gi
e 
id, "Why do we diguie
ou enimen? Rom
n, no confe ence of
mb

do , no
bi
ion
of
ny pe on wh
eve , c
n e min
e ou diffe ence; bu he pl
in of
C
mp
ni
, in which we mu mee; ou
m
nd he common fo une of w

will ele he poin. Le ou
mie, he efo e, mee beween C
pu

nd
ueul
;
nd he e le u decide, whehe he 
mnie o he Rom
n
h
ll hold he ove eigny of I
ly." To hi he
mb

do  of he
Rom
n eplied, "h
 hey would go, no whihe hei enemy c
lled, bu
whihe hei comm
nde  hould le
d." In he me
n ime, Publiliu, by
eizing
n
dv
n
geou po beween P
lpoli
nd Ne
poli, h
d cu off
h
 ine ch
nge of muu
l
id, which hey h
d hihe o
ffo ded e
ch
ohe ,
cco ding
 eihe pl
ce w
 h
d p eed. Acco dingly, when
boh he d
y of he elecion
pp o
ched,
nd
 i w
 highly
inexpedien fo he public ine e h
 Publiliu hould be c
lled
w
y
when on he poin of

iling he enemy' w
ll,
nd in d
ily
expec
ion of g
ining poeion of hei ciy,
pplic
ion w
 m
de o
he  ibune, o ecommend o he people he p
ing of
n o de , h

Publiliu Philo, when hi ye
of office hould expi e, migh coninue
in comm
nd,
 p o-conul, unil he w
wih he G ee hould be
finihed. A lee w
 dep
ched o Luciu Co neliu, wih o de  o
n
me
dic
o ; fo i w
 no hough p ope h
 he conul hould be
ec
lled f om he vigo ou p oecuion of he w
now h
 he h
d
ene ed ino 
mnium. He nomin
ed M
cu Cl
udiu M
cellu, who

ppoined pu iu Poumiu m

e of he ho e. The elecion, howeve ,
we e no held by he dic
o , bec
ue i bec
me
ueion whehe he
h
d been
ppoined unde
n i egul
iy;
nd he
ugu  being
conuled, p onounced h
 i
ppe
ed h
 he dic
o '
ppoinmen
w
 defecive. The  ibune inveighed
g
in hi p oceeding

d
nge ou
nd dihonou
ble; "fo i w
 no p ob
ble," hey 
id, "h

uch defec could h
ve been dicove ed,
 he conul, iing in he

nigh, h
d nomin
ed he dic
o while eve y hing w
 ill;[172] no
h
d he 
id conul in
ny of hi lee , eihe public o p iv
e,
m
de
ny menion of uch
hing o
ny one; no did
ny pe on wh
eve
come fo w
d who 
id h
 he 
w o he
d
ny hing which could vii
e
he
upice. Neihe could he
ugu  iing
 Rome divine wh

in
upiciou ci cum
nce h
d occu ed o he conul in he c
mp. Who
did no pl
inly pe ceive, h
 he dic
o ' being
plebei
n, w
 he
defec which he
ugu  h
d dicove ed?" Thee
nd ohe
gumen we e
u ged in v
in by he  ibune: he
ff
i howeve ended in
n
ine egnum. A l
,
fe he elecion h
d been
djou ned epe
edly
on one p eex o
nohe , he fou eenh ine ex, Luciu miliu,
eleced conul C
iu Peliu,
nd Luciu P
pi iu Mugill
nu, o
Cu o ,
 I find him n
med in ome
nn
l.
[Foonoe 172: Any noie h
ppening du ing he 
ing of he
upice w

econed in
upiciou; hence _ilenium_ ignified
mong he
ugu ,
eve y ci cum
nce being f
vou
ble.]
24. I h
 been eco ded, h
 in hi ye
Alex
nd i
in Egyp w

founded;
nd h
 Alex
nde , ing of Epi u, being l
in by
Luc
ni
n
exile, ve ified in he ci cum
nce of hi de
h he p edicion of
Jupie of Dodon
. A he ime when he w
 invied ino I
ly by he
T
enine,
c
uion h
d been given him, "o bew
e of he Ache ui
n
w
e 
nd he ciy P
ndoi
, fo he e we e fixed he limi of hi
deiny." Fo h
 e
on he m
de he g e
e h
e o p
 ove o
I
ly, in o de o be

 g e

di
nce
 poible f om he ciy
P
ndoi
in Epi u,
nd he ive Ache on, which,
fe flowing h ough
Moloi, un ino he l
e c
lled Infe n
l,
nd i eceived ino he
Thep oi
n gulf. Bu, (
 i f euenly h
ppen, h
 men, by
ende
vou ing o hun hei f
e, un di ecly upon i,)
fe h
ving
ofen defe
ed he
mie of B uium
nd Luc
ni
,
nd 
en He
cle
,

colony of he T
enine, Coneni

nd Me
ponum f om he Luc
ni
n,
Te in
f om he B ui
n,
nd eve
l ohe ciie of he Me
pi
n

nd Luc
ni
n;
nd h
ving en ino Epi u h ee hund ed illu iou
f
milie, whom he inended o eep
 ho
ge, he poed hi  oop on
h ee hill, which ood

m
ll di
nce f om e
ch ohe , no f

f om he ciy P
ndoi
,
nd cloe o he f onie  of he B ui
n
nd
Luc
ni
n, in o de h
 he migh hence m
e incu ion ino eve y p

of he enemy' coun y. A h
 ime he ep
bou hi pe on wo
hund ed Luc
ni
n exile,
 f
ihful
end
n, bu whoe fideliy,

cco ding o he gene

l dipoiion of people of h
 dec ipion, w

eve e
dy o follow he ch
nge of fo une. When coninu
l
in p e
d
uch
n inund
ion ove
ll he pl
in,
 cu off f om he h ee
ep

e diviion of he
my
ll me
n of muu
l
id, he wo p
ie,
in neihe of which he ing w
 p een, we e uddenly

ced
nd
ove powe ed by he enemy, who,
fe puing hem o he wo d, employed
hei whole fo ce in bloc
ding he ing himelf. F om hi pl
ce he
Luc
ni
n exile en emi
ie o hei coun ymen,
nd ipul
ing


fe eu n fo hemelve, p omied o delive he ing, eihe
live
o de
d, ino hei powe . Bu he, b
vely eolving o m
e
n
ex
o din
y effo ,
 he he
d of
choen b
nd, b oe h ough he
mid of hei fo ce; eng
ged ingly,
nd lew he gene
l of he
Luc
ni
n,
nd collecing ogehe hi men, who h
d been c
e ed in
he e e
,
ived

ive which poined ou hi o
d by he uin
of
b idge which h
d been ecenly b oen by he violence of he flood.
He e, while he p
y w
 fo ding he ive on
ve y uneven boom,

oldie ,
lmo pen wih f
igue
nd
pp ehenion, c ied ou


eflecion on he odiou n

me of i,--"You
e july n
med Ache o
(dim
l):" which exp eion e
ching he ing' e
,
nd in
nly
ec
lling o hi mind he f
e denounced on him, he h
led, hei
ing

whehe he hould c o ove o no. Then oimu, one of he oy

l b
nd
of youh which
ended him,
ing why he del
yed in uch
c iic
l
momen, howed him h
 he Luc
ni
n we e w
ching
n oppo uniy o
pe pe
e ome
c of  e
che y: whe eupon he ing, looing b
c,
nd
eeing hem coming ow
d him in
body, d ew hi wo d,
nd puhed on
hi ho e h ough he middle of he ive . When he h
d now e
ched he
h
llow,
Luc
ni
n exile f om
di
nce 
nfixed him wih
j
velin:

fe hi f
ll, he cu en c
ied down hi lifele body, wih he
we
pon icing in i, o he po of he enemy: he e
hocing
m
ngling of i oo pl
ce; fo dividing i in he middle, hey en one
h
lf o Coneni
,
nd ep he ohe ,

ubjec of moce y, o
hemelve. While hey we e h owing d

nd one
 i,
wom
n
mixing wih he c owd, who we e en
ged o
deg ee beyond he c edible
exen of hum
n eenmen, p ev
iled on hem o op fo
momen. he
hen old hem wih e
 in he eye h
 he h
d
hub
nd
nd
child en, p ione 
mong he enemy;
nd h
 he hoped o be
ble wih
he ing' body, howeve difigu ed, o
nom he f iend: hi pu
n
end o hei ou
ge. The emn
n of hi limb we e bu ied

Coneni
, eni ely h ough he c
e of he wom
n;
nd hi bone we e
en o Me
ponum o he enemy, f om whence hey we e conveyed o
Epi u o hi wife Cleop


nd hi ie Olympi
; he l
e of whom
w
 he mohe , he fo me he ie , of Alex
nde he G e
. uch w

he mel
ncholy end of Alex
nde of Epi u; of which,
lhough fo une
did no
llow him o eng
ge in hoiliie wih he Rom
n, ye,
 he
w
ged w
in I
ly, I h
ve hough i p ope o give hi b ief
ccoun.
Thi ye
, he fifh ime ince he building of he ciy, he
lecie nium w
 pe fo med
 Rome fo p ocu ing he f
vou of he 
me
deiie o whom i w

dd eed befo e.
25. When he new conul h
d, by o de of he people, en pe on o
decl
e w

g
in he 
mnie,
nd hey hemelve we e m
ing
ll
p ep

ion wih g e
e ene gy h
n
g
in he G ee,
new

cceion of  engh

lo c
me o hem when expecing no uch hing.
The Luc
ni
n
nd Apuli
n, n
ion who, unil h
 ime, h
d no ind of
ine cou e wih he Rom
n people, p opoed
n
lli
nce wih hem,
p omiing
upply of men
nd
m fo he w
:
 e
y of f iendhip
w

cco dingly concluded. A he 
me ime, hei
ff
i  wen on
uccefully in 
mnium. Th ee own fell ino hei h
nd, Allif,
C
llif,
nd Ruff ium;
nd he
djoining coun y o
g e
 exen w
,
on he fi 
iv
l of he conul, l
id eni ely w
e. Whil he w

on hi ide w
 commenced wih o much ucce, o he w
in he ohe
u
e whe e he G ee we e held beieged, now d ew ow
d

concluion. Fo , beide he communic

ion beween he wo po of he
enemy being cu off, by he beiege  h
ving poeion of p
 of he
wo  h ough which i h
d been c
ied on, hey now uffe ed wihin he
w
ll h
dhip f
mo e g ievou h
n hoe wih which he enemy
h e
ened hem,
nd
 if m
de p ione  by hei own g
ion, hey
we e now ubjeced o he g e
e indigniie in he pe on of hei
wive
nd child en,
nd o uch ex emiie

e gene
lly fel on he

cing of ciie. When, he efo e, inelligence
ived h

einfo cemen we e o come f om T
enum
nd f om he 
mnie,
ll

g eed h
 he e we e mo e of he l
e
l e
dy wihin he w
ll h
n
hey wihed; bu he young men of T
enum, who we e G ee
 well

hemelve, hey e
nely longed fo ,
 hey hoped o be en
bled by
hei me
n o oppoe he 
mnie
nd Nol
n, no le h
n o ei
hei Rom
n enemie. A l

u ende o he Rom
n
ppe
ed o be
he lighe evil. Ch
il
u
nd Nymphiu, he wo p incip
l men in he

e, conuling ogehe on he ubjec, eled he p
 which e
ch
w
 o
c; i, w
, h
 one hould dee  o he Rom
n gene
l,
nd
he ohe 
y behind o m
n
ge
ff
i  in he ciy, o
 o f
cili
e

he execuion of hei pl

n. Ch
il
u w
 he pe on who c
me o
Publiliu Philo; he old him h
 "he h
d 
en
eoluion, which he
hoped would p ove
dv
n
geou, fo un
e,
nd h
ppy o he P
lpoli
n

nd o he Rom
n people, of delive ing he fo ific
ion ino hi
h
nd. Whehe he hould
ppe
by h
 deed o h
ve be
yed o
p ee ved hi coun y, depended on he honou of he Rom
n. Th
 fo
himelf in p
icul
, he neihe ipul
ed no eueed
ny hing;
bu, in beh
lf of he 
e, he eueed
he h
n ipul
ed, h

in c
e he deign hould ucceed, he Rom
n people would conide mo e
epeci
lly he ze
l
nd h
z
d wih which i ough
enew
l of hei
f iendhip, h
n i folly
nd
hne in devi
ing f om i duy." He
w
 commended by he gene
l,
nd eceived
body of h ee hou
nd
oldie , wih which he w
 o eize on h
 p
 of he ciy which w

poeed by he 
mnie; hi de
chmen w
 comm
nded by Luciu
Quinciu, mili
y  ibune.
26. A he 
me ime
lo, Nymphiu, on hi p
,
fully
dd eing
himelf o he comm
nde of he 
mnie, p ev
iled upon him,

ll he
 oop of he Rom
n we e employed eihe
bou P
lpoli o in 
mnium,
o
llow him o 
il ound wih he flee o he e io y of Rome,
whe e he unde oo o
v
ge, no only he e
-co
, bu he coun y

djoining he ve y ciy. Bu, in o de o

void obe v
ion, i w

nece
y, he old him, o e ou by nigh,
nd o l
unch he hip
immedi
ely. Th
 hi migh be effeced wih he g e
e dep
ch,
ll
he young 
mnie, excep he nece
y gu
d of he ciy, we e en
o he ho e. While Nymphiu w
ed he ime he e, giving con
dico y
o de , deignedly, o c e
e confuion, which w
 inc e
ed by he
d
ne,
nd by he c owd, which w
 o nume ou
 o ob uc e
ch
ohe ' ope
ion, Ch
il
u,
cco ding o he pl
n conce ed, w


dmied by hi
oci
e ino he ciy;
nd h
ve filled he highe
p
 of i wih Rom
n oldie , he o de ed hem o
ie
hou; on
which he G ee, who h
d eceived p eviou di ecion f om hei
le
de , ep hemelve uie. The Nol
n fled h ough he oppoie
p
 of he own, by he o
d le
ding o Nol
. The fligh of he

mnie, who we e hu ou f om he ciy, w
 e
ie , bu h
d
mo e
dig
ceful
ppe

nce; fo hey eu ned o hei home wihou
m,
 ipped,
nd deiue of eve y hing;
ll, in ho , belonging o hem
being lef wih hei enemie; o h
 hey we e objec of idicule,
no only o fo eigne , bu even o hei own coun ymen. I now h

he e i
nohe
ccoun of hi m
e ,
cco ding o which he own i
ep eened o h
ve been be
yed by he 
mnie; bu I h
ve hi

ccoun on he
uho iy mo wo hy of c edi; beide, he  e
y of
Ne
poli, fo o h
 pl
ce he e
 of gove nmen of he G ee w

hen 
nfe ed, ende  i mo e p ob
ble h
 he enew
l of
f iendhip w
 volun
y on hei ide. A  iumph w
 dec eed o
Publiliu, bec
ue people we e well convinced h
 he enemy, educed by
he iege, h
d
doped e m of ubmiion. Thee wo ex
o din
y
inciden, which neve befo e occu ed in
ny c
e, befell hi m
n:

p olong
ion of comm
nd neve befo e g
ned o
ny one;
nd
 iumph

fe he expi

ion of hi office.
27. Anohe w
oon
fe
oe wih he G ee of he ohe co
. Fo
he T
enine h
ving, fo
conide
ble ime, buoyed up he 
e of
P
lpoli wih deluive hope of
i
nce, when hey unde ood h

he Rom
n h
d goen poeion of h
 ciy,
 if hey we e he
pe on who h
d uffe ed he di
ppoinmen,
nd no he
uho  of i,
hey inveighed
g
in he P
lpoli
n,
nd bec
me fu iou in hei

nge
nd m
lice ow
d he Rom
n; on hi
ccoun
lo, bec
ue
info m
ion w
 b ough h
 he Luc
ni
n
nd Apuli
n h
d ubmied o
he Rom
n people; fo
 e
y of
lli
nce h
d been hi ye
concluded

wih boh hee n

ion. "The buine," hey obe ved, "w
 now b ough

lmo o hei doo ;

nd h
 he m
e would oon come o hi, h

he Rom
n mu eihe be de
l wih
 enemie, o eceived
 m
e :
h
, in f
c, hei ine e we e involved in he w
of he 
mnie,

nd in i iue. Th
 h
 w
 he only n
ion which coninued o m
e
oppoiion;
nd h
 wih powe ve y in
deu
e, ince he Luc
ni
n
lef hem: hee howeve migh ye be b ough b
c,
nd induced o
enounce he Rom
n
lli
nce, if p ope ill we e ued in owing
dienion beween hem." Thee e
oning being e
dily
doped, by
people who wihed fo
ch
nge, ome young Luc
ni
n of conide
ble
noe
mong hei coun ymen, bu devoid of honou , we e p ocu ed fo
money; hee h
ving l
ce
ed e
ch ohe ' pe on wih  ipe,
fe
hey h
d come n
ed ino
public meeing of hei coun ymen, excl
imed
h
, bec
ue hey h
d venu ed o go ino he Rom
n c
mp, hey h
d been
hu be
en wih od, by o de of he conul,
nd h
d h
dly ec
ped
he lo of hei he
d. A ci cum
nce, o hocing in i n
u e,
c
ying  ong p oof of he ill- e
men, none of
ifice, he
people we e o i i
ed, h
, by hei cl
mou , hey compelled he
m
gi
e o c
ll ogehe he en
e;
nd ome 
nding ound h


embly, inied on
decl

ion of w

g
in he Rom
n, ohe 

n diffe en w
y o oue o
m he muliude eiding in he
coun y. Thu he umul hu ying ino imp udence he mind even of

ion
l men,
dec ee w
 p
ed, h
 he
lli
nce wih he 
mnie
hould be enewed,
nd
mb

do  en fo h
 pu poe. Bec
ue hi
o udden
p oceeding w
 o
lly devoid of
ny obviou c
ue fo i

dopion,
nd coneuenly w
 lile elied on fo i ince iy; hey
we e, howeve , obliged boh o give ho
ge,
nd
lo o eceive
g
ion ino hei fo ified pl
ce;
nd hey, blinded by f
ud
nd
eenmen, efued no e m. In
lile ime
fe , on he
uho  of
he f
le ch
ge emoving o T
enum, he whole impoiion c
me o
ligh. Bu
 hey h
d given
ll powe ou of hei own h
nd, nohing
w
 lef hem bu un
v
iling epen
nce.
28. Thi ye
he e
oe,
 i we e,
new e
of libe y o he Rom
n
common; in hi h

op w
 pu o he p
cice of confining
debo . Thi
le
ion of he l
w w
 effeced in coneuence of he
lu
nd ign
l c uely of one uu e . Hi n
me w
 Luciu P
pi iu. To
him one C
iu Publiliu h
ving u ende ed hi pe on o be confined fo

deb due by hi f
he , hi youh
nd be
uy, which ough o h
ve
excied commie
ion, ope
ed on he ohe ' mind
 incenive o
lu
nd inul. He fi 
emped o educe he young m
n by impu e
dicou e, conide ing he bloom of hi youh hi own
dveniiou
g
in; bu finding h
 hi e
 we e hoced
 hei inf
mou endency,
he hen ende
vou ed o e ify him by h e
,
nd eminded him
f euenly of hi iu
ion. A l
, convinced of hi eoluion o
c
confo m
bly o hi honou
ble bi h,
he h
n o hi p een
condiion, he o de ed him o be  ipped
nd cou ged. When wih he
m
 of he od imp ined in hi fleh he youh uhed ou ino he
public  ee, loudly compl
ining of he dep
vedne
nd inhum
niy of
he uu e ;
v
 numbe of people, moved by comp
ion fo hi e
ly

ge,
nd indign
ion
 hi b
b
ou  e
men, eflecing
 he 
me
ime on hei own lo
nd h
 of hei child en, floced ogehe ino
he fo um,
nd f om hence in
body o he en
e-houe. When he
conul we e obliged by he udden umul o c
ll
meeing of he
en
e, he people, f
lling
 he fee of e
ch of he en
o ,
 hey
we e going ino he en
e-houe, p eened o hei view he l
ce
ed
b
c of he youh. On h
 d
y, in coneuence of he ou
geou conduc
of
n individu
l, he  onge bond of c edi we e b oen;
nd he
conul we e comm
nded o p opoe o he people, h
 no pe on hould
be held in fee  o oc, excep conviced of
c ime,
nd in o de

o punihmen; bu h

, fo money due, he good of he debo , no hi
pe on, hould be
nwe
ble. Thu he confined debo  we e ele
ed;

nd p oviion m
de, fo he ime o come, h
 hey hould no be li
ble
o confinemen.
29. In he cou e of hi ye
, while he w
wih he 
mnie w

ufficien in ielf o give full employmen o he en
e, beide he
udden defecion of he Luc
ni
n,
nd he T
enine, he p omoe  of
he defecion, [
nohe ou ce of une
ine] w

dded in
union
fo med by he 
e of he Veini
n wih he 
mnie. Which even,
hough i coninued, du ing he p een ye
, o be he gene
l ubjec
of conve 
ion, wihou coming unde
ny public dicuion,
ppe
ed o
impo 
n o he conul of he ye
following, Luciu Fu iu C
millu

econd ime,
nd Juniu B uu cv
, h
 i w
 he fi  buine
which hey p opoed o he conide
ion of he 
e. And hough he
m
e w
 ill ecen, ill g e
 pe plexiy eized he en
e,

hey d e
ded eu
lly he coneuence, eihe of p
ing i ove , o of

ing i up; le, on he one h
nd, impuniy migh i up he
neighbou ing 
e wih w
nonne
nd
og
nce;
nd, on he ohe ,
punihmen infliced on hem by fo ce of
m,
nd d e
d of immedi
e
d
nge , migh p oduce he 
me effec by exciing eenmen. And he
whole body, oo, w
 in eve y w
y eu
l in  engh o he 
mnie,
being compoed of he M
i
n, he Peligni
n,
nd he M
uini
n;

ll of whom would h
ve o be encoune ed
 enemie, if he Veini
n
we e o be ine fe ed wih. Howeve , h
 ide p ev
iled which migh,

he ime, eem o h
ve mo e pi i h
n p udence; bu he even p oved
h
 fo une
i he b
ve. The people, in pu u
nce of he
di ecion of he en
e, o de ed w

g
in he Veini
n; h

p ovince fell by lo o Juniu, 
mnium o C
millu. A mie we e led o
boh pl
ce,
nd by c
efully gu
ding he f onie , he enemy we e
p evened f om joining hei fo ce. Bu he ohe conul, Luciu
Fu iu, on whom he p incip
l weigh of he buine eed, w

wihd
wn by ch
nce f om he w
, being eized wih
eve e icne.
Being he efo e o de ed o nomin
e
dic
o o conduc he buine,
he nomin
ed Luciu P
pi iu Cu o , he mo celeb
ed gene
l, by
f
, of
ny in h

ge, who
ppoined Quinu F
biu M
ximu Rulli
nu
m
e of he ho e:
p
i of comm
nde  diinguihed fo hei
exploi in w
; mo e o, howeve , fo
u
el beween hemelve,
nd
which p oceeded
lmo o violence. The ohe conul, in he e io y
of he Veini
n, c
ied on ope
ion of v
iou ind;
nd, in
ll,
w
 unifo mly ucceful. Fo he boh ue ly l
id w
e hei l
nd,

nd, by poiling
nd bu ning hei houe
nd co n, compelled hem o
come o
n eng
gemen;
nd, in one b
le, he educed he  engh of
he Veini
n o uch
deg ee, hough no wihou lo on hi own
ide, h
 he enemy no only fled o hei c
mp, bu, fe
ing even o
 u o he
mp

nd  ench, dipe ed f om hence ino he eve
l
own, in hope of finding ecu iy in he iu
ion
nd fo ific
ion
of hei ciie. A l
, h
ving unde 
en o educe hei own by
fo ce,
mid he g e

dou of he oldie ,
nd hei eenmen fo
he wound which hey h
d eceived, (h
dly one of hem h
ving come ou
of he b
le unhu ,) he oo Cuin
by c
l
de,
nd
fe w
d
Cingili
. The poil of boh ciie he g
ve o he oldie , in
conide
ion of hei h
ving b
vely u mouned he ob ucion boh of
g
e
nd w
ll.
30. The comm
nde  ene ed 
mnium unde unce 
in
upice;
n
info m
liy which poined, no
 he even of w
, fo h
 w

p ope ou, bu
 he fu iou p
ion
nd he u
el which b oe ou
beween he le
de . Fo P
pi iu he dic
o , eu ning o Rome in
o de o 
e he
upice
new, in coneuence of
c
uion eceived

f om he
upex, lef  ic o de  wih he m
e of he ho e o
em
in in hi po,
nd no o eng
ge in b
le du ing hi
bence.
Afe he dep
u e of he dic
o , F
biu h
ving dicove ed by hi
cou h
 he enemy we e in
 ungu
ded

e
 if he e w
 no

ingle Rom
n in 
mnium, he high-pi ied youh, (eihe conceiving
indign
ion
 he ole
uho iy in eve y poin
ppe
ing o be lodged
in he h
nd of he dic
o , o induced by he oppo uniy of  iing

n impo 
n blow,) h
ving m
de he nece
y p ep

ion
nd
dipoiion, m
ched o
pl
ce c
lled Imb inium,
nd he e fough

b
le wih he 
mnie. Hi ucce in he figh w
 uch, h
 he e
w
 no one ci cum
nce which could h
ve been imp oved o mo e

dv
n
ge, if he dic
o h
d been p een. The le
de w
 no w
ning
o he oldie , no he oldie  o hei le
de . The c
v
l y oo,
(finding,
fe epe
ed ch
ge, h
 hey could no b e
 he
n,)
by he
dvice of Luciu Cominiu,
mili
y  ibune, pulled off he
b idle f om hei ho e
nd pu ed hem on o fu iouly, h
 no
powe could wih
nd hem; fo cing hei w
y h ough he hice of
he enemy, hey bo e down eve y hing befo e hem;
nd he inf
n y
econding he ch
ge, he whole body w
 h own ino confuion. Tweny
hou
nd of he enemy
e 
id o h
ve f
llen on h
 d
y. I h
ve

uho iy fo 
ying h
 he e we e wo b
le fough du ing he
dic
o '
bence,
nd wo vico ie ob
ined; bu,
cco ding o he
mo
ncien w ie , only hi one i found,
nd in ome hio ie he
whole 
n
cion i omied. The m
e of he ho e geing poeion
of
bund
nce of poil, in coneuence of he g e
 numbe  l
in,
colleced he
m ino
huge he
p,
nd bu ned hem; eihe in
pu u
nce of
vow o ome of he god, o , if we chooe o c edi he

uho iy of F
biu, i w
 done on hi
ccoun, h
 he dic
o
migh no e
p he f ui of hi glo y, inc ibe hi n
me on hem, o
c
y he poil in  iumph. Hi lee 
lo, con
ining
n
ccoun of
he ucce, being en o he en
e, no o he dic
o , howed
pl
inly h
 he wihed no o imp
 o him
ny h
e of he honou ; who
ce 
inly viewed he p oceeding in hi ligh, fo while ohe  ejoiced

 he vico y ob

ined, he howed only u line
nd
nge ; inomuch
h
, immedi
ely dimiing he en
e, he h
ened ou of he
en
e-houe,
nd f euenly epe
ed wih w
mh, h
 he legion of
he 
mnie we e no mo e effecu
lly v
nuihed
nd ove h own by he
m
e of he ho e, h
n we e he dic
o i
l digniy
nd mili
y
dicipline, if uch conemp of o de  ec
ped wih impuniy. Thu,
b e
hing eenmen
nd men
ce, he e ou fo he c
mp; bu, hough
he 
velled wih
ll poible expediion, he w
 un
ble, howeve , o
ou ip he epo  of hi coming. Fo meenge  h
d 
ed f om he
ciy befo e him, who b ough inelligence h
 he dic
o w
 coming,
e
ge fo venge
nce,
nd in
lmo eve y econd enence
ppl
uding he
conduc of Tiu M
nliu.
31. F
biu in
nly c
lled
n
embly,
nd en e
ed he oldie  o
"how he 
me cou
ge in p oecing him, unde whoe conduc
nd

upice hey h
d conue ed, f om he ou
geou c uely of he
dic
o , which hey h
d o l
ely dipl
yed in defending he
commonwe
lh f om i mo invee
e enemie. He w
 now coming," he
old hem, "f
nic wih envy; en
ged

nohe ' b
ve y
nd ucce,
he w
 m
d, bec
ue, in hi
bence, he buine of he public h
d been
execued, wih em

ble ucce;
nd if he could ch
nge he fo une of
he eng
gemen, would wih he 
mnie in poeion of vico y
he
h
n he Rom
n. He 
led much of conemp of o de ;
 if hi
p ohibiion of fighing we e no dic
ed by he 
me moive, which
c
ued hi vex
ion
 he figh h
ving 
en pl
ce. He wihed o
h
cle he v
lou of ohe  h ough envy,
nd me
n o 
e
w
y he
oldie '
m when hey we e mo e
ge fo
cion,
nd h
 no ue

migh be m
de of hem in hi
bence: he w
 fu he en
ged oo,
bec
ue wihou Luciu P
pi iu he oldie  we e no wihou h
nd o

m,
nd bec
ue Quinu F
biu conide ed himelf
 m
e of he
ho e, no

be
dle o he dic
o . How would he h
ve beh
ved, h
d
he iue of he figh been unfo un
e; which, h ough he ch
nce of
w

nd he unce 
iny of mili
y ope
ion, migh h
ve been he
c
e; ince now, when he enemy h
 been v
nuihed, (
 compleely,
indeed,
 if h
 le
de ' own ingul

len h
d been employed in
he m
e ,) he ye h e
en he m
e of he ho e wih punihmen?
No i he mo e incened
g
in he m
e of he ho e, h
n
g
in
he mili
y  ibune, he cenu ion,
nd he oldie . On
ll, he
would ven hi
ge if he could;
nd bec
ue h
 i no in hi powe ,
he ven i on one. Envy, lie fl
me, o
 upw
d;
im
 he ummi;
h
 he m
e hi

c on he he
d of he buine, on he le
de . If
he could pu him ou of he w
y, ogehe wih he glo y of he e vice
pe fo med, he would hen lo d i, lie
conue o ove v
nuihed
 oop;
nd, wihou c uple, p
cie
g
in he oldie  wh
 he h
d
been
llowed o
c
g
in hei comm
nde . Th
 hey hould,
he efo e, in hi c
ue, uppo  he gene
l libe y of
ll. If he
dic
o pe ceived
mong he  oop he 
me un
nimiy in juifying
hei vico y h
 hey h
d dipl
yed in he b
le,
nd h

ll
ine eed hemelve in he 
fey of one, i would bend hi empe o
milde counel. In fine," he old hem, "h
 he commied hi life,

nd
ll hi ine e, o hei honou
nd o hei cou
ge."
32. Hi peech w
 eceived wih he loude
ccl
m
ion f om eve y
p
 of he
embly, bidding him "h
ve cou
ge; fo while he Rom
n
legion we e in being, no m
n hould offe him violence." No long

fe , he dic

o
ived,
nd in
nly ummoned
n
embly by ound
of  umpe. Then ilence being m
de,
c ie cied Quinu F
biu,
m
e of he ho e,
nd
 oon
, on he lowe g ound, he h
d

pp o
ched he  ibun
l, he dic
o 
id, "Quinu F
biu, I dem
nd of
you, when he
uho iy of dic
o i
cnowledged o be up eme,
nd
i ubmied o by he conul, office  endowed wih eg
l powe ;
nd
liewie by he p o , c e
ed unde he 
me
upice wih conul;
whehe o no you hin i e
on
ble h
 i hould no mee obedience
f om
m
e of he ho e? I
lo
 you whehe , when I new h
 I
e ou f om home unde unce 
in
upice, he 
fey of he
commonwe
lh ough o h
ve been end
nge ed by me, whil he omen we e
confued, o whehe he
upice ough o be newly 
en, o h

nohing migh be done while he will of he god em
ined doubful? And
fu he , when
eligiou c uple w
 of uch
n
u e
 o hinde he
dic
o f om
cing, whehe he m
e of he ho e could be exemp
f om i
nd
 libe y? Bu why do I
 hee ueion, when, hough I
h
d gone wihou le
ving
ny o de , you own judgmen ough o h
ve
been egul
ed
cco ding o wh
 you could dicove of my inenion? Why
do you no
nwe ? Did I no fo bid you o
c, in
ny epec, du ing
my
bence? Did I no fo bid you o eng
ge he enemy? Ye, in conemp
of hee my o de , while he
upice we e unce 
in, while he omen
we e confued, con
y o he p
cice of w
, con
y o he
dicipline of ou
nceo ,
nd con
y o he
uho iy of he god,
you d
ed o ene on he figh. Anwe o hee ueion p opoed o
you. On
ny ohe m
e ue no
wo d. Lico , d
w ne
him." To
e
ch of hee p
icul
, F
biu, finding i no e
y m
e o
nwe ,

 one ime emon

ed
g
in he 
me pe on
cing

ccue
nd
judge, in
c
ue which
ffeced hi ve y exience;

nohe , he

e ed h
 hi life hould oone be fo ced f om him, h
n he glo y
of hi p
 e vice; cle
ing himelf
nd
ccuing he ohe by u n;
o hen P
pi iu'
nge bl
zing ou wih f eh fu y, he o de ed he
m
e of he ho e o be  ipped,
nd he od
nd
xe o be go

 e
dy. F
biu, implo ing he p oecion of he oldie , while he
lico  we e e
ing hi g
men, beoo himelf o he u
e  of he
vee
n, who we e
l e
dy
iing
commoion in he
embly: f om
hem he up o
p e
d h ough he whole body; in one pl
ce he voice of
upplic
ion w
 he
d; in
nohe , men
ce. Thoe who h
ppened o 
nd
ne
e o he  ibun
l, bec
ue, being unde he eye of he gene
l,
hey could e
ily be nown, en e
ed him o p
e he m
e of he
ho e,
nd no in him o condemn he whole
my. The emoe p
 of
he
embly,
nd he c owd colleced ound F
biu,
iled
 he
un elening pi i of he dic
o ,
nd we e no f
f om muiny; no
w
 even he  ibun
l pe fecly uie. The lieuen
n-gene
l 
nding
ound he gene
l' e
 beough him o
djou n he buine o he
nex d
y,
nd o
llow ime o hi
nge ,
nd oom fo conide
ion;
ep eening h
 "he indic eion of F
biu h
d been ufficienly
ebued; hi vico y ufficienly dig
ced;
nd hey begged him no o
p oceed o he ex eme of eve iy; no o b
nd wih ignominy
youh
of ex
o din
y me i, o hi f
he ,
m
n of mo illu iou
ch

ce , ogehe wih he whole f
mily of he F
bii." When hey m
de
bu lile imp eion eihe by hei p
ye  o
gumen, hey dei ed
him o obe ve he violen fe men of he
embly,
nd old him h

"while he oldie ' empe  we e he
ed o uch
deg ee, i bec
me no
eihe hi
ge o hi widom o indle hem ino
fl
me,
nd
ffo d
m
e fo
muiny; h
 no one would l
y he bl
me of uch
n even on
Quinu F
biu, who only dep ec
ed punihmen; bu on he dic
o , if,
blinded by eenmen, he hould, by
n ill-judged cone, d
w on
himelf he fu y of he muliude:
nd le he hould hin h
 hey

ced f om moive of eg
d o Quinu F
biu, hey we e e
dy o m
e
o
h h
, in hei judgmen, i w
 no fo he ine e of he
commonwe
lh h
 Quinu F
biu hould be punihed
 h
 ime."
33. When by hee expoul
ion hey
he i i
ed he dic
o

g
in hemelve, h
n
ppe
ed hi
nge
g
in he m
e of he
ho e, he lieuen
n-gene
l we e o de ed o go down f om he
 ibun
l;
nd
fe eve
l v
in
emp we e m
de o p ocu e ilence
by me
n of
c ie , he noie
nd umul being o g e
 h
 neihe
he voice of he dic
o himelf, no h
 of hi
pp
io , could be
he
d; nigh,
 in he c
e of
b
le, pu
n end o he cone. The
m
e of he ho e w
 o de ed o
end on he d
y following; bu when

ll
u ed him h
 P
pi iu, being
gi
ed
nd ex
pe
ed in he
cou e of he p een conenion, would p oceed
g
in him wih g e
e
violence, he fled p iv
ely f om he c
mp o Rome; whe e, by he
dvice
of hi f
he , M
cu F
biu, who h
d been h ee ime conul,
nd
liewie dic
o , he immedi
ely c
lled
meeing of he en
e. While
he w
  enuouly compl
ining befo e he f
he  of he
ge
nd
injuice of he dic
o , on
udden w
 he
d he noie of lico 
befo e he en
e-houe, cle
ing he w
y,
nd P
pi iu himelf
ived,
full of eenmen, h
ving followed, wih
gu
d of ligh ho e,

oon
 he he
d h
 he ohe h
d uied he c
mp. The conenion
hen beg
n
new,
nd he dic
o o de ed F
biu o be eized. Whe e,
when hi un elening pi i pe ied in i pu poe, nowih
nding
he unied ine ceion of he p incip
l p
 ici
n,
nd of he whole
en
e, F
biu, he f
he , hen 
id, "ince neihe he
uho iy of
he en
e h

ny weigh wih you; no my
ge, which you wih o ende
childle; no he noble bi h
nd me i of
m
e of he ho e,
nomin
ed by you elf; no p
ye  which h
ve ofen miig
ed he
ge
of
n enemy,
nd which
ppe
e he w
h of he god; I c
ll upon he
 ibune of he common fo uppo ,
nd
ppe
l o he people;
nd ince
you decline he judgmen of you own
my,
 well
 of he en
e, I
c
ll you befo e
judge who mu ce 
inly be
llowed, hough no ohe
hould, o poe mo e powe
nd
uho iy h
n you elf, hough

dic
o . I h
ll ee whehe you will ubmi o
n
ppe
l, o which
Tullu Hoiliu,
Rom
n ing, ubmied." They p oceeded di ecly f om
he en
e-houe o he
embly; whe e, being
ived, he dic
o

ended by few, he m

e of he ho e by
ll he people of he fi 

n in
body, P
pi iu comm
nded him o be 
en f om he o um o
he lowe g ound; hi f
he , following him, 
id, "You do well in
o de ing u o be b ough down o
pl
ce whe e even
 p iv
e pe on
we h
ve libe y of peech." A fi , ine
d of egul
peeche,
nohing bu
le c
ion w
 he
d;
 lengh, he indign
ion of old
F
biu,
nd he  engh of hi voice, go he bee of noie, while he
ep o
ched P
pi iu wih
og
nce
nd c uely. "He himelf," he 
id,
"h
d been dic
o
 Rome;
nd no m
n, no even he lowe plebei
n, o
cenu ion, o oldie , h
d been ou
ged by him. Bu P
pi iu ough fo
vico y
nd  iumph ove
Rom
n comm
nde ,
 ove he gene
l of he
enemy. Wh

n immene diffe ence beween he mode
ion of he

ncien,
nd mode n opp eion
nd c uely. Quinciu Cincinn
u when
dic
o exe cied no fu he eve iy on Luciu Minuciu he conul,

lhough ecued by him f om

iege, h
n le
ving him
 he he
d of
he
my, in he u
liy of lieuen
n-gene
l, ine
d of conul.
M
cu Fu iu C
millu, in he c
e of Luciu Fu iu, who, in conemp
of hi g e

ge
nd
uho iy, h
d fough
b
le wih
mo
dig
ceful eul, no only e
ined hi
nge
 he ime o
 o
w ie no unf
vou
ble ep een
ion of hi conduc o he people o he
en
e; bu
fe eu ning home, when he p
 ici
n g
ve him
powe
of elecing f om
mong hi colle
gue whoeve he migh
pp ove

n

oci
e wih himelf in he comm
nd, choe h
 ve y m
n in
p efe ence o
ll he ohe conul
 ibune. N
y, h
 no even he
eenmen of he people, wih whom l
y he up eme powe in
ll c
e,
w
 eve exe cied wih g e
e eve iy ow
d hoe who, h ough

hne
nd igno
nce, h
d occ
ioned he lo of
mie, h
n he
fining hem in
um of money. Unil h
 d
y,
c
pi
l p oecuion fo
ill conduc in w
h
d neve been iniued
g
in
ny comm
nde , bu
now gene
l of he Rom
n people when vico iou,
nd me iing he mo
honou
ble  iumph,
e h e
ened wih od
nd
xe;
 e
men
which would no h
ve been deemed
llow
ble, even ow
d hoe who h
d
been defe
ed by
n enemy. Wh
 would hi on h
ve o uffe , if he h
d
occ
ioned he lo of he
my? if he h
d been oued, pu o fligh,

nd d iven ou of hi c
mp? To wh
 g e
e lengh could hi eenmen

nd violence be  eched, h
n o cou ge him,
nd pu him o de
h?
How w
 i conien wih e
on, h
 h ough he me
n of Quinu
F
biu, he 
e hould be filled wih joy, exuling in vico y,
nd
occupied in h
ngiving
nd cong
ul
ion; while
 he 
me ime,
he who h
d given occ
ion o he emple of he god being h own open,
hei
l
 ye moing wih 
c ifice,
nd lo
ded wih honou 
nd
offe ing, hould be  ipped n
ed,
nd o n wih  ipe in he igh
of he Rom
n people; wihin view of he C
piol
nd ci
del,
nd of
hoe god no in v
in invoed in wo diffe en b
le? Wih wh

empe would he
my which h
d conue ed unde hi conduc
nd
upice
h
ve bo ne i? Wh
 mou ning would he e be in he Rom
n c
mp! wh
 joy

mong hei enemie!" Thi peech he

ccomp
nied wih
n
bund
n flow
of e
; uniing ep o
che
nd compl
in, implo ing he
id boh of
god
nd men,
nd w
mly emb
cing hi on.
34. On hi ide ood he m
jey of he en
e, he f
vou of he
people, he uppo  of he  ibune,
nd eg
d fo he
ben
my. On
he ohe ide we e u ged he inviol
ble
uho iy of he Rom
n
gove nmen
nd mili
y dicipline; he edic of he dic
o ,
lw
y
obe ved
 he m
nd
e of
deiy; he o de  of M
nliu,
nd hi
poponing even p
en
l
ffecion o public uiliy. "The 
me
lo,"

id he dic
o , "w
 he conduc of Luciu B uu, he founde of

Rom
n libe y, in he c
e of hi wo on. Th
 now f
he  we e
become indulgen,
nd he
ged indiffe en in he c
e of he
uho iy
of ohe  being depied,
nd indulge he young in he ubve ion of
mili
y o de ,
 if i we e
m
e of  ifling coneuence. Fo hi
p
, howeve , he would pe eve e in hi pu poe,
nd would no emi
he m
lle p
 of he punihmen july due o
pe on who fough
con
y o hi o de , while he ie of eligion we e impe fecly
execued,
nd he
upice unce 
in. Whehe he m
jey of he up eme

uho iy w
 o be pe peu
l o no, depended no on him; bu Luciu
P
pi iu would no diminih
ugh of i igh. He wihed h
 he
 ibunii
n office, inviol
e ielf, would no by i ine poiion
viol
e he
uho iy of he Rom
n gove nmen; no he Rom
n people, o
hei own de imen p
icul
ly,
nnihil
e he dic
o
nd he igh
of he dic
o hip ogehe . Bu if hi hould be he c
e, no Luciu
P
pi iu bu he  ibune
nd he people would be bl
med by poe iy in
v
in; when mili
y dicipline being once diolved, he oldie would
no longe obey he o de  of he cenu ion, he cenu ion hoe of he
 ibune, he  ibune hoe of he lieuen
n-gene
l, he
lieuen
n-gene
l hoe of he conul, no he m
e of he ho e
hoe of he dic
o . No one would hen p
y
ny defe ence o men, no,
no even o he god. Neihe edic of gene
l no
upice would be
obe ved. The oldie , wihou le
ve of
bence, would 
ggle


ndom h ough he l
nd of f iend
nd of foe;
nd eg
dle of hei
o
h would, influenced olely by
w
non humou , ui he e vice
wheneve hey migh chooe. The 
nd
d would be un
ended
nd
fo 
en: he men would neihe
emble in pu u
nce of o de , no
would
ny diincion be m
de
 o fighing by nigh o by d
y, on
f
vou
ble o unf
vou
ble g ound, by o de o wihou he he o de  of
he gene
l; no would hey obe ve 
nd
d o
n; he e vice,
ine
d of being olemn
nd 
c ed, would be confued
nd he eul of
me e ch
nce, lie h
 of f eebooe . Rende you elve hen,  ibune
of he common,
ccoun
ble fo
ll hee evil o
ll fuu e
ge.
Expoe you own pe on o hee he
vy impu
ion in defence of he
liceniou conduc of Quinu F
biu."
35. The  ibune now confounded,
nd mo e
nxiouly conce ned
 hei
own iu
ion h
n
 hi fo whom hei uppo  w
 ough, we e f eed
f om hi emb

men by he Rom
n people un
nimouly h
ving ecou e
o p
ye 
nd en e
ie, h
 he dic
o would, fo hei 
e,
emi he punihmen of he m
e of he ho e. The  ibune liewie,
following he ex
mple e hem of employing en e
ie, e
nely
beeech he dic
o o p
don hum
n e o , o conide he imm
u iy
of he offende '
ge; h
 he h
d uffe ed ufficienly;
nd now he
youh himelf, now hi f
he , M
cu F
biu, dicl
iming fu he
cone, fell
 he dic
o ' nee
nd dep ec
ed hi w
h. Then he
dic
o ,
fe c
uing ilence, 
id, "Rom
n, i i well. Mili
y
dicipline h
 p ev
iled; he m
jey of gove nmen h
 p ev
iled; boh
which we e in d
nge of ce
ing hi d
y o exi. Quinu F
biu, who
fough con
y o he o de of hi comm
nde , i no
cuied of
guil; bu
fe being condemned
 guily, i g
ned

boon o he
Rom
n people; i g
ned o he college of  ibune, uppo ing him wih
hei p
ye , no wih he egul
powe of hei office. Live, Quinu
F
biu, mo e h
ppy in hi unied ymp
hy of he 
e fo you
p ee v
ion, h
n in he vico y in which you l
ely exuled. Live,

fe h
ving venu ed on uch
n
c,
 you f
he himelf, h
d he
been in he pl
ce of Luciu P
pi iu, would no h
ve p
doned. Wih me
you h
ll be econciled wheneve you wih i. To he Rom
n people, o
whom you owe you life, you c
n pe fo m no g e
e e vice h
n o le
hi d
y e
ch you
ufficien leon o en
ble you o ubmi o l
wful
comm
nd, boh in w

nd pe
ce." He hen decl
ed, h
 he no longe

de
ined he m
e of he ho e,
nd
 he ei ed f om he o um,
he en
e being g e
ly ejoiced,
nd he people ill mo e o,
g
he ed ound him
nd eco ed him, on one h
nd commending he
dic
o , on he ohe cong
ul
ing he m
e of he ho e; while i
w
 conide ed h
 he
uho iy of mili
y comm
nd w
 confi med no
le effecu
lly by he d
nge of Quinu F
biu h
 he l
men
ble
punihmen of young M
nliu. I o h
ppened, h
, h ough he cou e of
h
 ye
,
 ofen
 he dic
o lef he
my he 
mnie we e in
moion: bu M
cu V
le iu, he lieuen
n-gene
l who comm
nded in he
c
mp, h
d Quinu F
biu befo e hi eye fo
n ex
mple, no o fe

ny
violence of he enemy, o much
 he un elening
nge of he dic
o .
o h
 when
body of hi fo
ge  fell ino
n
mbuc
de
nd we e cu
o piece in di
dv
n
geou g ound, i w
 gene
lly believed h
 he
lieuen
n-gene
l could h
ve given hem
i
nce if he h
d no been
held in d e
d by hi igo ou o de . The eenmen fo hi
lo

lien
ed he
ffecion of he oldie y f om he dic
o ,
l e
dy
incened
g
in him bec
ue he h
d been impl
c
ble ow
d Quinu
F
biu,
nd bec
ue he h
d g
ned him p
don
 he ine ceion of he
Rom
n people,
hing which he h
d efued o hei en e
ie.
36. The dic
o , h
ving
ppoined Luciu P
pi iu C
u,
 m
e of
he ho e, o he comm
nd of he ciy,
nd p ohibied Quinu F
biu
f om
cing in
ny c
e
 m
gi
e, eu ned o he c
mp; whe e hi

iv
l b ough neihe
ny g e
 joy o hi coun ymen, no
ny deg ee
of e o o he enemy: fo on he d
y following, eihe no nowing
h
 he dic
o h
d
ived, o lile eg
ding whehe he we e
p een o
ben, hey
pp o
ched hi c
mp in o de of b
le. Of uch
impo 
nce, howeve , w
 h
 ingle m
n, Luciu P
pi iu, h
 h
d he
ze
l of he oldie  econded he dipoiion of he comm
nde , no
doub w
 ene 
ined h

n end migh h
ve been pu h
 d
y o he
w
wih he 
mnie; o judiciouly did he d
w up hi
my wih
epec o iu
ion
nd ee ve, in uch
m
nne did he  enghen
hem wih eve y
dv
n
ge of mili
y ill: bu he oldie  exe ed no
vigou ;
nd deignedly ep f om conue ing, in o de o inju e he
epu
ion of hei le
de . Of he 
mnie, howeve , ve y m
ny we e
l
in;
nd g e
 numbe  of he Rom
n wounded. The expe ienced
comm
nde uicly pe ceived he ci cum
nce which p evened hi
ucce,
nd h
 i would be nece
y o mode
e hi empe ,
nd o
mingle mildne wih
ue iy. Acco dingly,
ended by he
lieuen
n-gene
l, going ound o he wounded oldie , h uing hi
he
d ino hei en,
nd
ing hem, one by one, how hey we e in
he
lh; hen, menioning hem by n
me, he g
ve hem in ch
ge o he
office ,  ibune,
nd p fec. Thi beh
viou , popul
in ielf, he
m
in
ined wih uch dexe iy, h
 by hi
enion o hei ecove y
he g
du
lly g
ined hei
ffecion; no did
ny hing o much
con ibue ow
d hei ecove y
 he ci cum
nce of hi
enion
being eceived wih g
iude. The
my being eo ed o he
lh, he
c
me o
n eng
gemen wih he enemy;
nd boh himelf
nd he  oop,
being poeed wih full confidence of ucce, he o eni ely defe
ed

nd dipe ed he 
mnie, h
 h
 w
 he l
 d
y hey me he
dic
o in he field. The vico iou
my,
fe w
d, di eced i
m
ch whe eve
p opec of booy invied,
nd 
ve ed he enemie'
e io ie, encoune ing no
we
pon, no
ny oppoiion, eihe
openly o by 

gem. I
dded o hei
l
c iy, h
 he dic
o
h
d, by p ocl
m
ion, given he whole poil o he oldie ; o h

hey we e
nim
ed no only by he public u
el, bu by hei p iv
e
emolumen. Reduced by hee loe, he 
mnie ued o he dic
o
fo pe
ce,
nd,
fe hey h
d eng
ged o upply e
ch of hi oldie 
wih
ui of clohe
nd
ye
' p
y, being o de ed o
pply o he
en
e, hey
nwe ed, h
 hey would follow he dic
o , commiing

hei c
ue wholly o hi ineg iy
nd honou . On hi he  oop we e
wihd
wn ou of 
mnium.
37. The dic
o ene ed he ciy in  iumph;
nd, hough dei ou of
eigning hi office immedi
ely, ye, by o de of he en
e, he held
i unil he conul we e eleced: hee we e C
iu ulpiciu Longu

econd ime,
nd Quinu miliu Ce e
nu. The 
mnie, wihou
finihing he  e
y of pe
ce, he e m being ill in negoi
ion,
b ough home wih hem
 uce fo
ye
. No w
 even h
 f
ihfully
obe ved; o  ongly w
 hei inclin
ion fo w
excied, on he
ing
h
 P
pi iu w
 gone ou of office. In hi conul
e of C
iu
ulpiciu
nd Quinu miliu, (ome hio ie h
ve Auliu,) o he
evol of he 
mnie w

dded
new w
wih he Apuli
n. A mie
we e en
g
in boh. The 
mnie fell by lo o ulpiciu, he
Apuli
n o miliu. ome w ie  
y, h
 hi w
w
 no w
ged wih
he Apuli
n, bu h
 he
llied 
e of h
 n
ion we e defended

g
in he violence
nd injuice of he 
mnie. Bu he
ci cum
nce of he 
mnie, who could wih difficuly,
 h

pe iod, uppo 
w
in which hemelve we e eng
ged, ende i mo e
p ob
ble h
 hey did no m
e w
on he Apuli
n, bu h
 boh
n
ion we e in
m
g
in he Rom
n
 he 
me ime. Howeve , no
memo
ble even occu ed. The l
nd of he Apuli
n
nd of 
mnium we e
ue ly l
id w
e; bu in neihe u
e we e he enemy o be found.
A Rome,
n
l
m, which h
ppened in he nigh, uddenly oued he
people f om hei leep, in uch
f igh, h
 he C
piol
nd ci
del,
he w
ll
nd g
e, we e
ll filled wih men in
m. Bu
fe hey
h
d c
lled
ll o hei po,
nd un ogehe in bodie, in eve y
u
e , when d
y
pp o
ched, neihe he
uho no c
ue of he
l
m
could be dicove ed. Thi ye
, in pu u
nce o he
dvice of Fl
viu,
he Tucul
n we e b ough o
 i
l befo e he people. M
cu Fl
viu,

 ibune of he common, p opoed, h

 punihmen hould be infliced
on hoe of he Tucul
n, "by whoe
dvice
nd
i
nce he
Velie ni
n
nd P ive ni
n h
d m
de w
on he Rom
n people." The
Tucul
n, wih hei wive
nd child en, c
me o Rome. The whole p
y
in mou ning h
bi, lie pe on unde
ccu
ion, wen ound he
 ibe, h owing hemelve
 he fee of he ciizen. The comp
ion
hu excied ope
ed mo e effecu
lly ow
d p ocu ing hem p
don,
h
n
ll hei
gumen did ow
d cle
ing hem of guil. Eve y one
of he  ibe, excep he Polli
n, neg
ived he p opoiion. The
enence of he Polli
n  ibe w
, h
 he g own-up m
le hould be
be
en
nd pu o de
h,
nd hei wive
nd child en old by
ucion,

cco ding o he ule of w

. I
ppe
 h
 he eenmen which oe

g
in he
dvie  of o igo ou
me
u e, w
 e
ined in memo y by
he Tucul
n down o he
ge of ou f
he ;
nd h
 h
dly
ny
c
ndid
e of he Polli
n  ibe could, eve ince, g
in he voe of he
P
pi i
n.
38. On he following ye
, in he conul
e of Quinu F
biu
nd Luciu
Fulviu, Aulu Co neliu A vin
being m
de dic
o ,
nd M
cu F
biu
Ambuu m
e of he ho e,
levy being held wih mo e h
n uu
l
igou in coneuence of hei
pp ehenion of
ve y e iou w
in

mnium, (fo i w
 epo ed h
 ome young men h
d been hi ed f om
hei neighbou ,) led fo h
ve y  ong
my
g
in he 
mnie.
Alhough in
hoile coun y, hei c
mp w
 piched in
 c
ele

m
nne
 if he foe we e

g e
 di
nce; when, uddenly, he
legion of he 
mnie
pp o
ched wih o much boldne
 o
dv
nce
hei
mp
 cloe o
n ou-po of he Rom
n. Nigh w
 now coming
on; h
 p evened hei

uling he wo ; bu hey did no conce
l
hei inenion of doing o nex d
y,
 oon
 he ligh hould

ppe
. The dic
o found h
 he e would be
neceiy fo fighing

oone h
n he h
d expeced,
nd le he iu
ion hould be
n
ob ucion o he b
ve y of he  oop, he led
w
y he legion in
ilence, le
ving
g e
 numbe of fi e he bee o deceive he
enemy. On
ccoun of he p oximiy of he c
mp, howeve , he could no
ec
pe hei obe v
ion: hei c
v
l y in
nly pu ued,
nd p eed
cloely on hi  oop, in uch
w
y
 o ef
in f om

cing hem
unil he d
y
ppe
ed. Thei inf
n y did no even ui hei c
mp
befo e d
yligh. A oon
 i w
 d
wn, he c
v
l y venu ing o

c
he enemy by h

ing he Rom
n e
,
nd p eing hem in pl
ce of
difficul p

ge, conide
bly del
yed hei m
ch. Me
nwhile hei
inf
n y ove oo he c
v
l y;
nd now he 
mnie pu ued cloe wih
hei eni e fo ce. The dic
o hen, finding h
 he could no longe
go fo w
d wihou g e
 inconvenience, o de ed he po whe e he ood
o be me
u ed ou fo
c
mp. Bu i w
 impoible, while he enemy'
ho e we e p e
d
bou on eve y ide, h
 p
li
de could be b ough,

nd he wo  be begun: eeing i, he efo e, imp

cic
ble, eihe o
m
ch fo w
d o o ele himelf he e, he d ew up hi  oop fo
b
le, emoving he b
gg
ge ou of he line. The enemy liewie fo med
hei line oppoie o hi; fully eu
l boh in pi i
nd in  engh.
Thei cou
ge w
 chiefly imp oved f om no nowing h
 he moive of
he Rom
n' e e
 w
 he incommodioune of he g ound, o h
 hey
im
gined hemelve objec of e o ,
nd uppoed h
 hey we e
pu uing men who fled h ough fe
. Thi ep he b
l
nce of he figh
eu
l fo
conide
ble ime; hough, of l
e, i h
d been unuu
l wih
he 
mnie o 
nd even he hou of
Rom
n
my. Ce 
in i i,
h
 he cone, on hi d
y, coninued o ve y doubful f om he hi d
hou o he eighh, h
 neihe w
 he hou epe
ed,
fe being

ied
 he fi  one, no he 
nd
d moved eihe fo w
d o
b
cw
d; no
ny g ound lo on eihe ide. They fough wihou 
ing
b e
h o looing behind hem, eve y m
n in hi po,
nd puhing

g
in hei opponen wih hei hield. The noie coninuing eu
l,

nd he e o of he figh he 

me, eemed o denoe, h
 he
deciion would be effeced eihe by f
igue o by he nigh. The men
h
d now exh
ued hei  engh, he wo d i powe ,
nd he le
de 
hei ill; when, on
udden, he 
mnie c
v
l y, h
ving le
ned f om

ingle  oop which h

d
dv
nced beyond he e, h
 he b
gg
ge of
he Rom
n l
y

di
nce f om hei
my, wihou
ny gu
d o
defence; h ough e
ge ne fo booy, hey

c i: of which he
dic
o being info med by
h
y meenge , 
id, "Le hem only
encumbe hemelve wih poil." Afe w
d c
me eve
l, one
fe

nohe , c ying ou, h

 hey we e plunde ing
nd c
ying off
ll he
effec of he oldie : he hen c
lled o him he m
e of he ho e,

nd 
id, "Do you ee, M
cu F
biu, h
 he figh h
 been fo 
en
by he enemy' c
v
l y? They
e en
ngled
nd encumbe ed wih ou
b
gg
ge. A
c hem whil c
e ed
bou,
 i he c
e of eve y
muliude employed in plunde ing; you will find few mouned on
ho eb
c, few wih wo d in hei h
nd;
nd, while hey
e lo
ding
hei ho e wih poil,
nd un
med, pu hem o he wo d,
nd m
e i
bloody poil fo hem. I will 
e c
e of he legion,
nd he figh of
he inf
n y: you  be he honou which he ho e h
ll
cui e."
39. The body of c
v
l y, in he mo ex
c o de poible, ch
ging he
enemy, who we e 
ggling
nd emb

ed, filled eve y pl
ce wih
l
ughe : fo
mid he p
c
ge which hey h
ily h ew down,
nd
which l
y in he w
y of hei fee,
nd of he
ff ighed ho e,

hey ende
vou ed o ec
pe, being now un
ble eihe o figh o fly,
hey
e l
ughe ed. Then F
biu,
fe he h
d
lmo eni ely cu off
he enemy' ho e, led ound hi u
d on in
m
ll ci cui,
nd


ced he inf
n y in he e
. The new hou,
ied in h

u
e , e ified he 
mnie on he one h
nd;
nd when, on he ohe ,

he dic
o 
w hei  oop in he v
n looing behind hem, hei
b

lion in confuion,
nd hei line w
ve ing, he e
nely exho ed

nd
nim
ed hi men, c
lling on he  ibune
nd chief cenu ion, by
n
me, o join him in enewing he figh. R
iing he hou
new, hey
p eed fo w
d,
nd
 hey
dv
nced, pe ceived he enemy mo e
nd mo e
confued. The c
v
l y now could be een by hoe in f on,
nd
Co neliu, u ning
bou o he eve
l comp
nie, m
de hem unde 
nd,
by
iing hi voice
nd h
nd, h
 he 
w he 
nd
d
nd bucle 
of hi own ho emen. On he
ing which,
nd
 he 
me ime eeing hem,
hey,
 once, o f
fo go he f
igue which hey h
d endu ed h ough

lmo he whole d

y,
nd even hei wound, h
 hey uhed on
g
in
he enemy wih
 much vigou
nd
l
c iy
 if hey we e coming f eh
ou of c
mp on eceiving he ign
l fo b
le. The 
mnie could no
longe u
in he ch
ge of ho e
nd foo ogehe ; p
 of hem,
encloed on boh ide, we e cu off; he e we e c
e ed
nd fled
diffe en w
y. The inf
n y lew hoe who we e u ounded
nd m
de
ei
nce;
nd he c
v
l y m
de g e
 h
voc of he fugiive,
mong
whom fell hei gene
l. Thi b
le c uhed,
 lengh, he powe of
he 
mnie o effecu
lly, h
, in
ll hei meeing, hey 
id, "i
w
 no

ll o be wonde ed
, if in
n impiou w
, commenced in
viol
ion of
 e
y, when he god we e, wih juice, mo e incened

g
in hem h
n men, hey ucceeded in none of hei unde 
ing.
Th
 w
mu be expi
ed
nd
oned fo wih
he
vy pen
ly. The only

le n
ive hey h
d, w
 whehe he pen
ly hould be he guily blood
of
few, o he innocen blood of
ll." ome now venu ed o n
me he

uho  of he w
; one n
me in p
icul
, by he unied voice of
ll,
w
 menioned, h
 of B uulu P
piu; he w

m
n of powe
nd noble
bi h,
nd undoubedly he viol
o of he l
e  uce. The p o  being
compelled o 
e he opinion of he
embly conce ning him,
dec ee
w
 m
de, "h
 B uulu P
piu hould be delive ed ino he h
nd of
he Rom
n;
nd h
, ogehe wih him,
ll he poil 
en f om he
Rom
n,
nd he p ione , hould be en o Rome,
nd h
 he
eiuion dem
nded by he he
ld, in confo miy o  e
y, hould be
m
de,
 w

g ee
ble o juice
nd euiy." In pu u
nce of hi
dee min
ion he
ld we e en o Rome,
nd
lo he de
d body of
B uulu; fo , by
volun
y de
h, he
voided he punihmen
nd
ignominy inended fo him. I w
 hough p ope h
 hi good
lo
hould be delive ed up
long wih he body. Bu none of
ll hoe hing
we e
cceped, excep he p ione ,
nd uch
icle of he poil

we e ecognied by he owne . The dic
o ob
ined
 iumph by

dec ee of he en
e.
40. ome w ie 
ffi m, h
 hi w
w
 conduced by he conul,
nd
h
 hey  iumphed ove he 
mnie;
nd
lo, h
 F
biu
dv
nced
ino Apuli
,
nd c
ied off f om hence
bund
nce of poil. Bu h

Aulu Co neliu w
 dic
o h
 ye
i
n undipued f
c. The
ueion hen i, whehe he w

ppoined fo he pu poe of conducing
he w
, o on occ
ion of he illne of Luciu Pl
uiu, he p o ;
in o de h
 he e migh be
m
gi
e o give he ign
l fo he

ing of he ch
io
 he Rom
n g
me. Thi l
e i
e ed of
him;
nd h

fe pe fo ming he buine, which in  uh efleced no
g e
 lu e on hi office, he eigned he dic
o hip. I i no
e
y o dee mine beween eihe he f
c o he w ie , which of hem
dee ve he p efe ence: I
m inclined o hin h
 hio y h
 been
much co uped by me
n of fune
l p
negy ic
nd f
le inc ipion on

ue; e
ch f
mily  iving by f
le ep een
ion o
pp op i
e o
ielf he f
me of w
lie exploi
nd public honou . F om hi c
ue,
ce 
inly, boh he
cion of individu
l
nd he public eco d of
even h
ve been confued. No i he e ex
n
ny w ie , conempo
y
wih hoe even, on whoe
uho iy we c
n wih ce 
iny ely.

END OF VOL. I.
JOHN CHILD AND ON, BUNGAY.

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ding, copying, dipl
ying, pe fo ming, di ibuing o
c e
ing de iv
ive wo  b
ed on hi wo  o
ny ohe P ojec
Guenbe g-m wo . The Found
ion m
e no ep een
ion conce ning
he copy igh 
u of
ny wo  in
ny coun y ouide he Unied

e.
1.E. Unle you h
ve emoved
ll efe ence o P ojec Guenbe g:
1.E.1. The following enence, wih
cive lin o, o ohe immedi
e

cce o, he full P ojec Guenbe g-m Licene mu

ppe
p ominenly
wheneve
ny copy of
P ojec Guenbe g-m wo  (
ny wo  on which he
ph
e "P ojec Guenbe g"
ppe
, o wih which he ph
e "P ojec
Guenbe g" i
oci
ed) i
cceed, dipl
yed, pe fo med, viewed,
copied o di ibued:
Thi eBoo i fo he ue of
nyone
nywhe e
 no co
nd wih

lmo no e icion wh
oeve . You m
y copy i, give i
w
y o

 e-ue i unde he e m of he P ojec Guenbe g Licene included

wih hi eBoo o online
 www.guenbe g.o g
1.E.2. If
n individu
l P ojec Guenbe g-m elec onic wo  i de ived
f om he public dom
in (doe no con
in
noice indic
ing h
 i i
poed wih pe miion of he copy igh holde ), he wo  c
n be copied

nd di ibued o
nyone in he Unied 
e wihou p
ying
ny fee
o ch
ge. If you
e edi ibuing o p oviding
cce o
wo 
wih he ph
e "P ojec Guenbe g"
oci
ed wih o
ppe
ing on he
wo , you mu comply eihe wih he eui emen of p

g
ph 1.E.1
h ough 1.E.7 o ob
in pe miion fo he ue of he wo 
nd he
P ojec Guenbe g-m 
dem

 e fo h in p

g
ph 1.E.8 o
1.E.9.
1.E.3. If
n individu
l P ojec Guenbe g-m elec onic wo  i poed
wih he pe miion of he copy igh holde , you ue
nd di ibuion
mu comply wih boh p

g
ph 1.E.1 h ough 1.E.7
nd
ny
ddiion
l
e m impoed by he copy igh holde . Addiion
l e m will be lined
o he P ojec Guenbe g-m Licene fo
ll wo  poed wih he
pe miion of he copy igh holde found
 he beginning of hi wo .
1.E.4. Do no unlin o de
ch o emove he full P ojec Guenbe g-m
Licene e m f om hi wo , o
ny file con
ining
p
 of hi
wo  o
ny ohe wo 
oci
ed wih P ojec Guenbe g-m.
1.E.5. Do no copy, dipl
y, pe fo m, di ibue o edi ibue hi
elec onic wo , o
ny p
 of hi elec onic wo , wihou
p ominenly dipl
ying he enence e fo h in p

g
ph 1.E.1 wih

cive lin o immedi

e
cce o he full e m of he P ojec
Guenbe g-m Licene.
1.E.6. You m
y conve  o
nd di ibue hi wo  in
ny bin
y,
comp eed, m
ed up, nonp op ie
y o p op ie
y fo m, including
ny
wo d p oceing o hype ex fo m. Howeve , if you p ovide
cce o o
di ibue copie of
P ojec Guenbe g-m wo  in
fo m
 ohe h
n
"Pl
in V
nill
ACII" o ohe fo m
 ued in he offici
l ve ion
poed on he offici
l P ojec Guenbe g-m web ie (www.guenbe g.o g),
you mu,
 no
ddiion
l co, fee o expene o he ue , p ovide

copy,
me
n of expo ing
copy, o
me
n of ob
ining
copy upon
eue, of he wo  in i o igin
l "Pl
in V
nill
ACII" o ohe
fo m. Any
le n
e fo m
 mu include he full P ojec Guenbe g-m
Licene
 pecified in p

g
ph 1.E.1.
1.E.7. Do no ch
ge
fee fo
cce o, viewing, dipl
ying,
pe fo ming, copying o di ibuing
ny P ojec Guenbe g-m wo 
unle you comply wih p

g
ph 1.E.8 o 1.E.9.
1.E.8. You m
y ch
ge
e
on
ble fee fo copie of o p oviding

cce o o di ibuing P ojec Guenbe g-m elec onic wo  p ovided

h

- You p
y
oy
ly fee of 20% of he g o p ofi you de ive f om
he ue of P ojec Guenbe g-m wo  c
lcul
ed uing he mehod
you
l e
dy ue o c
lcul
e you
pplic
ble 
xe. The fee i
owed o he owne of he P ojec Guenbe g-m 
dem
, bu he
h

g eed o don
e oy
lie unde hi p

g
ph o he
P ojec Guenbe g Lie
y A chive Found
ion. Roy
ly p
ymen
mu be p
id wihin 60 d
y following e
ch d
e on which you
p ep
e (o
e leg
lly eui ed o p ep
e) you pe iodic 
x
eu n. Roy
ly p
ymen hould be cle
ly m
ed
 uch
nd

en o he P ojec Guenbe g Lie

y A chive Found
ion
 he

dd e pecified in ecion 4, "Info m

ion
bou don
ion o
he P ojec Guenbe g Lie
y A chive Found
ion."
- You p ovide
full efund of
ny money p
id by
ue who noifie
you in w iing (o by e-m
il) wihin 30 d
y of eceip h
 /he
doe no
g ee o he e m of he full P ojec Guenbe g-m
Licene. You mu eui e uch
ue o eu n o
de oy
ll copie of he wo  poeed in
phyic
l medium

nd diconinue
ll ue of
nd
ll
cce o ohe copie of
P ojec Guenbe g-m wo .
- You p ovide, in
cco d
nce wih p

g
ph 1.F.3,
full efund of
ny
money p
id fo
wo  o
epl
cemen copy, if
defec in he
elec onic wo  i dicove ed
nd epo ed o you wihin 90 d
y
of eceip of he wo .
- You comply wih
ll ohe e m of hi
g eemen fo f ee
di ibuion of P ojec Guenbe g-m wo .
1.E.9. If you wih o ch
ge
fee o di ibue
P ojec Guenbe g-m
elec onic wo  o g oup of wo  on diffe en e m h
n
e e
fo h in hi
g eemen, you mu ob
in pe miion in w iing f om
boh he P ojec Guenbe g Lie
y A chive Found
ion
nd Mich
el
H
, he owne of he P ojec Guenbe g-m 
dem
. Con
c he
Found
ion
 e fo h in ecion 3 below.
1.F.
1.F.1. P ojec Guenbe g volunee 
nd employee expend conide
ble
effo  o idenify, do copy igh ee
ch on, 
nc ibe
nd p oof e
d
public dom
in wo  in c e
ing he P ojec Guenbe g-m
collecion. Depie hee effo , P ojec Guenbe g-m elec onic
wo ,
nd he medium on which hey m
y be o ed, m
y con
in
"Defec," uch
, bu no limied o, incomplee, in
ccu
e o
co up d

, 
nc ipion e o ,
copy igh o ohe inellecu
l
p ope y inf ingemen,
defecive o d
m
ged di o ohe medium,

compue vi u, o compue code h

 d
m
ge o c
nno be e
d by
you euipmen.
1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DICLAIMER OF DAMAGE - Excep fo he "Righ
of Repl
cemen o Refund" dec ibed in p

g
ph 1.F.3, he P ojec
Guenbe g Lie
y A chive Found
ion, he owne of he P ojec
Guenbe g-m 
dem
,
nd
ny ohe p
y di ibuing
P ojec
Guenbe g-m elec onic wo  unde hi
g eemen, dicl
im
ll
li
biliy o you fo d
m
ge, co
nd expene, including leg
l
fee. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIE FOR NEGLIGENCE, TRICT
LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOE
PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH F3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE
TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DITRIBUTOR UNDER THI AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE
LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR
INCIDENTAL DAMAGE EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POIBILITY OF UCH
DAMAGE.
1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you dicove

defec in hi elec onic wo  wihin 90 d

y of eceiving i, you c
n
eceive
efund of he money (if
ny) you p
id fo i by ending

w ien expl
n
ion o he pe on you eceived he wo  f om. If you
eceived he wo  on
phyic
l medium, you mu eu n he medium wih
you w ien expl
n
ion. The pe on o eniy h
 p ovided you wih

he defecive wo  m
y elec o p ovide
epl
cemen copy in lieu of

efund. If you eceived he wo  elec onic

lly, he pe on o eniy
p oviding i o you m
y chooe o give you
econd oppo uniy o
eceive he wo  elec onic
lly in lieu of
efund. If he econd copy
i
lo defecive, you m
y dem
nd
efund in w iing wihou fu he
oppo uniie o fix he p oblem.
1.F.4. Excep fo he limied igh of epl
cemen o efund e fo h
in p

g
ph 1.F.3, hi wo  i p ovided o you 'A-I' WITH NO OTHER
WARRANTIE OF ANY KIND, EXPRE OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO
WARRANTIE OF MERCHANTIBILITY OR FITNE FOR ANY PURPOE.
1.F.5. ome 
e do no
llow dicl
ime  of ce 
in implied
w

nie o he excluion o limi
ion of ce 
in ype of d
m
ge.
If
ny dicl
ime o limi
ion e fo h in hi
g eemen viol
e he
l
w of he 
e
pplic
ble o hi
g eemen, he
g eemen h
ll be
ine p eed o m
e he m
ximum dicl
ime o limi
ion pe mied by
he
pplic
ble 
e l
w. The inv
lidiy o unenfo ce
biliy of
ny
p oviion of hi
g eemen h
ll no void he em
ining p oviion.
1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You
g ee o indemnify
nd hold he Found
ion, he

dem
 owne ,
ny
gen o employee of he Found
ion,
nyone
p oviding copie of P ojec Guenbe g-m elec onic wo  in
cco d
nce
wih hi
g eemen,
nd
ny volunee 
oci
ed wih he p oducion,
p omoion
nd di ibuion of P ojec Guenbe g-m elec onic wo ,
h
mle f om
ll li
biliy, co
nd expene, including leg
l fee,
h

ie di ecly o indi ecly f om
ny of he following which you do
o c
ue o occu : (
) di ibuion of hi o
ny P ojec Guenbe g-m
wo , (b)
le
ion, modific
ion, o
ddiion o deleion o
ny
P ojec Guenbe g-m wo ,
nd (c)
ny Defec you c
ue.

ecion 2. Info m
ion
bou he Miion of P ojec Guenbe g-m
P ojec Guenbe g-m i ynonymou wih he f ee di ibuion of
elec onic wo  in fo m
 e
d
ble by he wide v
iey of compue 
including obolee, old, middle-
ged
nd new compue . I exi
bec
ue of he effo  of hund ed of volunee 
nd don
ion f om
people in
ll w
l of life.
Volunee 
nd fin
nci
l uppo  o p ovide volunee  wih he

i
nce hey need, i c iic
l o e
ching P ojec Guenbe g-m'
go
l
nd enu ing h
 he P ojec Guenbe g-m collecion will
em
in f eely
v
il
ble fo gene
ion o come. In 2001, he P ojec
Guenbe g Lie
y A chive Found
ion w
 c e
ed o p ovide
ecu e

nd pe m
nen fuu e fo P ojec Guenbe g-m
nd fuu e gene
ion.
To le
n mo e
bou he P ojec Guenbe g Lie
y A chive Found
ion

nd how you effo 

nd don
ion c
n help, ee ecion 3
nd 4

nd he Found
ion web p
ge
 hp://www.pgl
f.o g.

ecion 3. Info m
ion
bou he P ojec Guenbe g Lie
y A chive
Found
ion
The P ojec Guenbe g Lie
y A chive Found
ion i
non p ofi
501(c)(3) educ
ion
l co po
ion o g
nized unde he l
w of he

e of Miiippi
nd g
ned 
x exemp 
u by he Ine n
l
Revenue e vice. The Found
ion' EIN o fede
l 
x idenific
ion
numbe i 64-6221541. I 501(c)(3) lee i poed

hp://pgl
f.o g/fund
iing. Con ibuion o he P ojec Guenbe g

Lie
y A chive Found
ion
e 
x deducible o he full exen
pe mied by U.. fede
l l
w
nd you 
e' l
w.
The Found
ion' p incip
l office i loc
ed
 4557 Mel
n D . .
F
i b
n, AK, 99712., bu i volunee 
nd employee
e c
e ed
h oughou nume ou loc
ion. I buine office i loc
ed

809 No h 1500 We, 
l L
e Ciy, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, em
il
buine@pgl
f.o g. Em
il con
c lin
nd up o d
e con
c
info m
ion c
n be found
 he Found
ion' web ie
nd offici
l
p
ge
 hp://pgl
f.o g
Fo
ddiion
l con
c info m
ion:
D . G ego y B. Newby
Chief Execuive
nd Di eco
gbnewby@pgl
f.o g

ecion 4. Info m
ion
bou Don
ion o he P ojec Guenbe g
Lie
y A chive Found
ion
P ojec Guenbe g-m depend upon
nd c
nno u vive wihou wide
p e
d public uppo 
nd don
ion o c
y ou i miion of
inc e
ing he numbe of public dom
in
nd licened wo  h
 c
n be
f eely di ibued in m
chine e
d
ble fo m
cceible by he wide

y of euipmen including oud
ed euipmen. M
ny m
ll don
ion
($1 o $5,000)
e p
icul
ly impo 
n o m
in
ining 
x exemp

u wih he IR.
The Found
ion i commied o complying wih he l
w egul
ing
ch
iie
nd ch
i
ble don
ion in
ll 50 
e of he Unied

e. Compli
nce eui emen
e no unifo m
nd i 
e

conide
ble effo , much p
pe wo 
nd m
ny fee o mee
nd eep up
wih hee eui emen. We do no olici don
ion in loc
ion
whe e we h
ve no eceived w ien confi m
ion of compli
nce. To
END DONATION o dee mine he 
u of compli
nce fo
ny
p
icul

e vii hp://pgl
f.o g
While we c
nno
nd do no olici con ibuion f om 
e whe e we
h
ve no me he olici
ion eui emen, we now of no p ohibiion

g
in
cceping unolicied don
ion f om dono  in uch 
e who

pp o
ch u wih offe  o don
e.
Ine n
ion
l don
ion
e g
efully
cceped, bu we c
nno m
e

ny 
emen conce ning 
x  e
men of don
ion eceived f om
ouide he Unied 
e. U.. l
w
lone w
mp ou m
ll 
ff.
Ple
e chec he P ojec Guenbe g Web p
ge fo cu en don
ion
mehod
nd
dd ee. Don
ion
e
cceped in
numbe of ohe
w
y including chec, online p
ymen
nd c edi c
d don
ion.
To don
e, ple
e vii: hp://pgl
f.o g/don
e

ecion 5. Gene
l Info m
ion Abou P ojec Guenbe g-m elec onic
wo .
P ofeo Mich
el . H
 i he o igin
o of he P ojec Guenbe g-m
concep of
lib
y of elec onic wo  h
 could be f eely h
ed
wih
nyone. Fo hi y ye
, he p oduced
nd di ibued P ojec
Guenbe g-m eBoo wih only
looe newo  of volunee uppo .

P ojec Guenbe g-m eBoo

e ofen c e
ed f om eve
l p ined
ediion,
ll of which
e confi med
 Public Dom
in in he U..
unle
copy igh noice i included. Thu, we do no nece
ily
eep eBoo in compli
nce wih
ny p
icul
p
pe ediion.
Mo people 

 ou Web ie which h
 he m
in PG e
ch f
ciliy:
hp://www.guenbe g.o g
Thi Web ie include info m
ion
bou P ojec Guenbe g-m,
including how o m
e don
ion o he P ojec Guenbe g Lie
y
A chive Found
ion, how o help p oduce ou new eBoo,
nd how o
ubc ibe o ou em
il newlee o he

bou new eBoo.