Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
1.1.2 TYPES
Where refrigerator components will be located in a refrigerator depends
on the refrigerator type.
1.2 MANUAL DEFROST REFRIGERATORS
(Conventional Refrigerators)
Manual defrost refrigerators were the first type developed. One
evaporator cools both the refrigerator and freezer compartments, so a manual
defrost refrigerator has a single outer door. Manual defrost refrigerators are still
sold, but because the evaporator or freezer temperature is only about 15 F, ice
cream will be soft and frozen foods cannot be kept long. Manual defrost
refrigerators are no longer very popular, partly because they do not keep frozen
food well, but mostly because defrosting refrigerators manual1y is time
consuming and messy.
1.2.1 PARTIAL DEFROST REFRIGERATORS
Partial automatic defrost refrigerators have two doors and have separate
refrigerator and freezer compartment. The freezer compartment keeps foods at
about 0oF, cold enough to keep ice cream hard and provide longer food storage.
Since freezers in partial defrost refrigerators still require manual defrosting,
partial defrost refrigerators also are not very popular.
1.2.2 FROST-FREE REFRIGERATORS
Most refrigerators sold today are frost-free. There is no frost in the
refrigerator because the evaporator is concealed. Cold air is blown into the
refrigerator and freezer and keeps food evenly cool or frozen. Frost, which
forms on the evaporator coils of a frost-free refrigerator, is melted during an
automatic defrost cycle. The water from the frost drains into a tray beneath the
refrigerator and evaporates into the air in the kitchen.
existing
compressor-based
refrigeration
(i.e.,
mechanical
refrigeration) system has reached the maximum level of innovation. For the last
few decades, there has not been any significant increase in the efficiency (i.e.
coefficient of performance, COP) of the system. Moreover, with the increasing
awareness of environmental degradation, the production, use and disposal of
CFC and HCFC as refrigerants in mechanical refrigeration system has become
a subject of great concern. However, now, such systems are being developed
using more eco-friendly refrigerants viz.
India has formed an association Green Forum, for equipment
manufacturers and suppliers looking towards following and implementing ecofriendly measures and practices in their respected operations and products. The
move provides an exciting new avenue to seek technology and finances to
companies whose prime forte and product is refrigeration.
1.6 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1.7 HYPOTHESIS
There is no association between age and monthly income of the
respondents.
There is no association between educational qualification and
occupation of the respondents.
There is no association between educational qualification and monthly
income of the respondents.
1.8 METHODOLOGY
1.8.1 RESEARCH DESIGN
Research Design is the conceptual structure within which research is
conducted. The research describes the existing state of affairs of the
refrigerators in Karur town. The research constitutes the collection of data,
measurement and analysis of data.
1.8.2 SOURCES OF DATA
The data are collected in both way i.e., primary and secondary data.
Primary data are those, which are collected afresh and for the first time, thus it
is original in character.
The secondary data, on the other hand are those, which have already,
been collected by some one and which have already been passed through the
statistical process.
In the study, primary data was collected from the respondents using
interview schedule. Secondary data was collected from the magazines and
internet.
1.8.3 SAMPLING
The study was conducted with a sampling size of 100 respondents.
Convenient sampling was adopted for the collection of data.
schedule.
Application of statistics is:
For the study, descriptive statistics namely percentages were used and
inferential state namely chi-square, correlation and ANOVA were used to test
the hypothesis framed for the study.
1.8.6 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
1.
2.
Only 100 consumers were considered as sample for the study because of
cost constraints.
3.
4.
CHAPTER - II
CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR
DEFINITIONS
According to Leon G. Schiffman, Leslie Lazar Kanuk The behaviour
that consumer display in searching for purchasing, using, evaluating and
disposing of products, services and ideas which they expect will satisfy their
needs".
2.2 ROLE OF CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR
INITIATOR
The individual who determines that some need or want is not being met
and authorizes a purchase to rectify the situation.
1. INFLUENCER
A person who buys some intentional or unintentional work or action
influences the purchase decision. The actual purchase and or the use of the
product or service.
2. BUYER
The individual who actually makes the purchase transaction.
3. USER
The person most directly involved in the consumption or use of the
purchase.
2.3 CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR IS AN INTER DISCIPLINARY
SCIENCE
Consumer behaviour was a relatively new field of study in the mid to
late 1960's with no history or body or research of its own, the new discipline
borrowed heavily from concepts developed in other scientific disciplines. Such
as Psychology, Sociology, Social Psychology, cultural anthropology and
economics.
1. PSYCHOLOGY
Psychology is the study of the individual. It includes the study of
motivation, perception, attitudes, personality and learning patterns. All these
factors are integral to an understanding of consumer behaviour.
They enable us to understand the various consumption needs of
individuals, their actions and reactions in response to different products and
products messages and the way persona1ity characteristics and previous
experience affect their product choices.
2. SOCIOLOGY
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1. INTERNAL FACTORS
Internal influences are reflected in motivation, perception. learning,
attitudes and personality of buyers. These are also known as the psychological
determinants of consumer behaviour.
A. MOTIVATION
Motivation acts as a driving force in the flow towards purchase action
Motivation has direct cause and effect relationship. Motivation the drive to act,
to move, to obtain a goal or an objective. Motivation is a mental phenomenon.
It is affected by perceptions, attitudes, personalities traits and by outside
influences such as culture and marketing efforts. Motivation in buyer is
concerned with the reasons that impel buyer to take certain actions.
B. PERCEPTION
Motivation provides a basic influence upon buyer behaviour, while
perception is operationally critical. A motive creates a disposition to act,
perception triggers or causes the behaviour in a certain way. Perception
influences (or) shapes the behaviour.
C. LEARNING
Learning is the central topic in the study of human behaviour. Learning
is defined as all changes in behaviour that result from previous experience and
behaviour in similar situations. Learning is the product of reasoning, thinking,
information processing and of course perception. Consumer behaviour is
critically affected by the learning experiences of consumers.
D. ATTITUDES
Social Psychologist defines attitudes as an emotionalized predisposition
to respond positively or negatively to an object (or) class of objects.
12
13
14
A. FAMILY
Most of the consumers belong to a family group. The family can exert
considerable influence in shaping the pattern of consumption and indicating the
decision making roles. Personal values, attitudes and buying habits are shaped
by family influences. Marketing policies regarding product, promotion and
channels of distribution are influenced by members making actual purchase.
B. REFERENCE GROUP
The concept of reference group is borrowed from sociology and
Psychology. Consumer behaviour is influenced by small groups to which the
consumer belongs. Reference groups are the social, economic or professional
group and consumer uses to evaluate his or her opinions and beliefs. Buyer can
get advice or guidance in his to her own thoughts and actions from such small
groups. Reference groups is useful self evaluation and attitude formation.
Consumer accept information, provided by their peer groups omits quality of
the product, on its performance, style etc., which is hard to evaluate objectively.
A person may have several reference group for various subjects. He may Prefer
particular brand because reference group prefers that particular brand of the
product. Opinion leaders can act as effective agencies of communication on
behalf of marketing management. Marketing effort may be directed to provide
such opinion leaders.
C. SOCIAL CLASS
Sociology points out the relationship between social class and
consumption. Consumers buying behaviour is determined by the social class to
which they belong or to which they aspire, rather than by income alone.
Broadly speaking there are three distinct social classes upper, middle and lower
classes. Consumer belonging to middle classes usually stress rationality, exhibit
greater sense of choice making. Where as consumer of lower classes have
essentially non rational purchase and show limited sense of choice making.
Upper class consumers want products and brands that are clear symbols of
15
social status. Middle class people shop carefully and read advertisement and
compare prices before they buy. Lower class consumers buy usually on impulse
and should be influenced by point of purchase materials.
D. CULTURE
Culture represents an overall social heritage a distinctive form of
environmental adoption. It includes a set of learned beliefs, values, attitudes,
morals, customs, habits and forms of behaviour that are shared by a society and
transmitted form generation to generation within that society. Cultural
influence is a force, shaping both pattern of consumption and pattern of
decision making from infancy. Much of consumer behaviour is determined by
culture.
Technological advance may influence cultural changes. Educational and
travel can have considerable influence on culture marketing strategies can be
developed for each culture separately. Sub culture exists with the dominant
culture with its own set values, beliefs, attitude, habits and behaviour pattern.
In Indian culture we have some important bases of sub culture such as caste,
region, religion. Thus pattern of behaviour would vary between North and
South India, Brahamins and Vaishyar, Muslims and Jains.
2.5 TYPES OF BUYING BEHA VIOUR
1. COMPLEX BUYING BEHAVIOUR
Consumers go through complex buying behaviour when they are highly
involved in a purchase and aware of significant differences among brands.
Consumers are highly involved when the product is expensive, bought
infrequently, risky and highly self expressive. Typically the consumer does not
know much about the product category and has much to learn.
This buyer will pass through a learning process characterized by first
developing beliefs about the products, then attitudes, and then making a
16
17
19
20
that man is rational in all his activities and purchasing decisions are the result
of economic calculations.
Marketers, however, do not accept this theory, on the ground that it fails
to explain how product and brand preferences are formed further, economic
factors alone cannot explain variations in sales. For instance, when price is
reduced some may not buy, thinking that quality of the product has gone down.
On the contrary, the general feeling is that a price reductions increases the
relative value of goods and hence sales increase. The theory however provides
a useful frame of reference for analyzing only one small corner of the' block
box'.
21
2. PSYCHOLOGICAL THEORIES
These theories are also called as learning theories. The essence of these
theories lies in the fact that, People learn from experience, and the results of
experience will modify their actions on future occasions. The importance of
brand loyalty and repeat purchase make learning theory more relevant in the
field of marketing.
a. Stimulus Response Theories
Stimulus response theory, after constant refinements, is now based on
our central processes. They are drive, cue, response and reinforcement.
"Drives" are needs or motives that are stronger where as a 'cue' is a weaker
stimuli. The "response" is the resultant reaction of some stimuli. If it is based
on cue, the response may be shifting form one brand to another brand based on
previous experience. In other words, cues will create different degrees of
responses under different occasions. Reinforcement is the process by which
rewarding experience in the past are strengthened. It is here brand preferences
are strengthened leading to brand loyalty. The purpose of giving free samples
of newly introduced product is nothing but to actives this reinforcement.
b. Cognitive Theories
This theory was propounded by Festinger mainly to explain certain post
buying behaviour. According to," it, stimulation of want is conditioned by a
customer's knowledge, his perception, beliefs and attitudes. Perception is the
sum total of physical stimuli and personal factors.
Though the theory was developed to explain a decision phenomena, it is
suitable for explaining pre - decision anxiety also. An important goal, both of
advertising and personal seling, is to reduce cognitive dissonance on the part of
buyer and prospects.
22
23
it. Culture, subculture, social classes, reference groups, family are the different
factor groups that influence buyer behaviour.
Reference Groups indicate the position of a particular group of persons
in a society. Man is essentially a social being and interacts with other
individuals in a variety of social groups. Inspite of personal differences people
may be forced to accept the decision of Society;
CHAPTER III
PROFILE OF THE STUDY AREA AND PRODUCT
FEATURES
24
Economy
Agriculture
Home Textile
Paper
Bus body Building
Cement
Sugar Factory
3.1.1 HISTORY
Karur is one of the oldest towns in Tamilnadu and has played a very
significant role in the history and culture of the Tamils. Its history dates back
over 2000 years, and has been a flourishing trading centre even in the early
Sangam days. Epigraphical, Numismatic, Archaeological and Literary evidence
have proved beyond doubt that Karur was the capital of early Chera kings of
Sangam age.
Karur was built on the banks of river Amaravathi which was called
Aanporunai during the Sangam days. The names of the early Chera kings who
ruled from Karur, have been found in the rock inscriptions in Aru Nattar Malai
close to Karur.
KARUR DISTRICT
Karur district Collector is the Head of the District administration and
District Collectors Office is the centre of District Administration situated in
Master Plan Complex in Thanthondrimalai. It is nearly 6km from karur bus
stand and 8km from Railway station on the way to Dindigul via Vellianai.
3.1.3 DISTRICT STATISTICAL 2005 - 2006
Geographical Position
North Latitude
East Longitude
1.
Timber (Cu.m)
Nil
2.
Nil
3.
Nil
4.
Nil
5.
Rubber ( MT)
Nil
6.
Bamboo (Tonne)
Nil
7.
Nil
8.
Nil
9.
Cashew (Tonne)
Nil
a. Hydro
Nil
Nil
c. Thermal
Nil
d. Power Purchased
Nil
e. Gas Turbine
Nil
Electricity:
A. Generation of Electricity
27.35
b. Industry
40.61
c. Commercial
54.01
d. Domestic
207.80
17.28
f. Sales of Licensees
Nil
Nil
h. Miscellaneous
Nil
3.1.4 GEOGRAPHY
Karur is located at 10.950 N 78.080 E. It has an average elevation of 122
metres (400 feet).
26
3.1.5 CLIMATE
The highest temperature is obtained in early May to early June usually
about 370C, though it usually exceeds 390C for a few days most years. Average
daily temperature in Karur during January is around 240C, though the
temperature rarely falls below 190C.
The average annual rainfall is about 615mm. The city gets most of its
seasonal rainfall from the north-east monsoon winds, from late September to
mid November.
3.1.6 DEMOGRAPHICS
As of 2011 India census, GR India Karur had a population of 76,328.
Males constitute 50% of the population and females 50%. Karur has an average
literacy rate of 78%, higher than the national average of 59.5%:male literacy is
84%, and female literacy is 72%. In Karur, 10% of the population is under 6
years of age.
3.1.7 ECONOMY
Agricultural
Utilisation of land area in Karur district is up to 44.59%, 4.76% of the
land area remains as other uncultivated land. 2.74% is forest area in
Karur district. Black soil is the predominant soil type in this district
accounting for 35.51% followed by lateritic Soil for 23.85%. Rest
20.31% is comprised of sandy, coastal and alluvium soil.
Home Textiles
Karur is famous for its home textiles. Karur has a niche in five major
product groups-bet linens, kitchen linens, toilet linens, table linens and
wall hangings. Overall Karur generates around Rs.2000 crores ($400
27
28
built here. The total business in estimated to be around Rs.750 crore per
annum.
Cement
Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd was formed 1962 to cater to growing
demands of cement in the country. The manufacturing unit located at
Puliyur, Karur District, in Tamilnadu commenced production in April
1968. Apart from cement, the Chottinad House is today engaged in
activities as diverse as granite, engineering, silica, garnet, information
technology, steel & textile trading, horse breeding, plantations, shipping,
transportation, stevedoring, clearing and forwarding and logistics having
a combined
Sugar Factory
India is the worlds largest producer of sugar. E.I.D.Parrys pioneered
sugar production in India. In 1842, the Company set up Indias first
sugar factory at Vandipalayam. Since then, they have maintained the
edge in the industry through advanced technologies.
29
Anti-bacteria gasket.
Cell fresh crisper.
Humidity controller.
Power deodorizer.
Colour: Moon Silver, Super inox, Champagne.
Net dimension in mm: 1545 x 540 x 650.
Wired shelves.
Ref lamp.
Transparent veg box.
Egg tray.
Deep door.
Transparent door basket.
Sliding door basket.
Metallic door finish.
Grip handle.
3.2.2 WHIRLPOOL PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
310liters Iceberg Elite Whirlpool Refrigerator is truly an owners pride.
With the best cooling technology and unique storage features comprised in
310L of capacity, it has to be a cooling magic.
Key Features
6th Sense Fast Cool
6th Sense Surround Cool System
Door open Alarm
Other Features
2 legs / 2 Rollers
310L Capacity
Bottle Bins (Transparent)
30
CHAPTER-IV
USERS ATTITUDE TOWARDS REFRIGERATOR
In the previous chapter, the researcher has taken an earnest attempt to
study the profile of the study area and salient features of refrigerator. In this
chapter, the researcher has focused his attention to the users of refrigerator.
4.1 GENDER
Gender is an important factors which influence the using of Refrigerator.
The following table 4.1 represents the gender of respondents.
TABLE 4.1
GENDER
S.No.
Gender
No. of Respondents
32
Male
82
82
Female
18
18
Total
100
100
S.No.
Age
No. of Respondents
Below 20
30
30
20 40
68
68
40 60
Above 60
Total
100
100
33
It is clear from that the above table 4.2 out of 100 respondents 30
percent of the sample studied belong to the age group of below 20 years. 68
percent of the sample belong to the age group between 20 to 40 years and 2
percent of the sample belong to the age group between 40 to 60 years.
It is inferred that the majority of the respondents belong to the age group
between 20 to 40 years.
4.3 MARITAL STATUS
Marriages are made in heaven. Marriage is an important factor which
helps to purchase the refrigerator. The following table 4.3 connotes the marital
status of the respondents.
TABLE 4.3
MARITAL STATUS
S.No.
1
2
Marital Status
No. of Respondents
Married
60
60
Unmarried
40
40
Total
100
100
The above table 4.3 states that, out of 100 respondents, 60 percentages
of the respondents are married and 40 percentage of the respondents are
unmarried.
It is inferred that the majority of the respondents are married.
34
Educational Status
No. of Respondents
38
38
32
32
28
28
Others qualification
100
100
Total
Source : Primary data
It is crystal from the above table 4.4 that, completed. Out of 100
respondents, 38 percent of the respondents are +2, 32 percent of the
respondents are graduate, 28 percent of the respondents are post graduate and
2 percent of the respondents are others.
35
36
S.No.
Occupation
No. of Respondents
Business
26
26
Agriculture
14
14
Profession
40
40
Others
20
20
Total
100
100
37
FIGURE 4.1
OCCUPATIONAL STATUS
38
S.No.
No. of Respondents
Below Rs.5000
34
34
Rs.5000-Rs.10000
50
50
Rs.10000-Rs.15000
Above Rs.15000
10
10
Total
100
100
39
S.No.
Size of Family
No. of Respondents
Below 3
34
34
35
42
42
57
22
22
Above 7
Total
100
100
40
S.No.
Kinds of
Refrigerator
No. of
Respondents
Single Door
74
74
Double Door
26
26
Total
100
100
41
S.No.
Brands of
Refrigerator
No. of Respondents
BPL
30
30
Whirl Pool
42
42
LG
20
20
Others
Total
100
100
42
FIGURE 4.2
BRANDS PREFERENCE IN REFRIGERATORS
43
S.No.
Collection of
information
No. of Respondents
Friends
44
44
Relatives
36
36
Dealers
10
10
Others
10
10
Total
100
100
44
FIGURE 4.3
KNOWLEDGE ABOUT REFRIGERATORS
45
S.No.
No. of Respondents
1 2 years
30
30
2 3 years
38
38
3 4 years
22
22
Above 4 years
10
10
Total
100
100
46
FIGURE 4.4
NO. OF YEARS USING THE BRAND OF REFRIGERATORS
47
S.No.
Size of
Refrigerators
No. of Respondents
180 Ltr
44
44
220 Ltr
26
26
230 Ltr
26
26
Others
Total
100
100
48
FIGURE 4.5
PREFERENCE OF SIZE OF REFRIGERATORS
49
Price Level
No. of Respondents
High
26
26
Medium
68
68
Low
Total
100
100
50
FIGURE 4.6
OPINION OF THE RESPONDENTS TOWARDS PRICE
51
S.No.
No. of years
No. of Respondents
Below 1 year
1 5 years
44
44
5 10 years
34
34
Above 10 years
18
18
Total
100
100
52
FIGURE 4.7
PERIOD OF HOLDING REFRIGERATORS
53
S.No.
Basic of Purchase
No. of Respondents
Cash
50
50
Installment
46
46
Hire purchase
Total
100
100
54
FIGURE 4.8
BASIS OF PURCHASE
55
S.No.
No. of
Installments
No. of Respondents
Single
24
20
43
Above 4
20
43
Total
46
100
56
CHART 4.9
NO. OF INSTALLMENTS
57
S.No.
Reasons
No. of Respondents
Low maintenance
16
16
Long life
30
30
Service
44
44
Cost
Others
Total
100
100
58
FIGURE 4.10
REASONS FOR PREFERENCE OF BRAND
59
S.No.
Benefits from
Refrigerators
No. of Respondents
Fresh Vegetable
60
60
Cool water
20
20
Ice Bar
10
10
Others
10
10
Total
100
100
60
FIGURE 4.11
GAINING OF BENEFITS FROM REFRIGERATOR
61
S.No.
Types of Offers
No. of Respondents
Discount
44
52
Gift
36
43
Installment
Others
Total
84
100
62
FIGURE 4.12
OFFERS GIVEN BY THE DEALER
63
4.20
Results
No. of Respondents
Fully satisfied
14
14
Satisfied
78
78
Not satisfied
Total
100
100
64
FIGURE 4.13
SATISFACTION OF RESPONDENTS TOWARDS
BRAND OF REFRIGERATOR
65
The researcher has also verified the opinion of the respondents towards the various brands of refrigerators the opinion of
respondents are given the table 4.21.
TABLE 4.21
OPINION OF THE RESPONDENTS TOWARDS THE BRANDS OF REFRIGERATOR
Ranks
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Total
BPL
20
8
10
8
18
16
14
6
100
LG
20
6
6
28
6
18
8
8
100
Haier
6
6
4
4
4
20
56
100
Whirlpool
50
28
4
2
4
2
10
100
Godrej
6
20
26
14
8
10
6
10
100
Others
4
96
100
Total
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
900
The table 4.21 reveals that, out of 9 companies refrigerators, the whirlpool gets first rank, videocon second, Godrej third, LG
fourth, Samsung fifth, kenstar sixth, Haier seventh, BPL eight and others ninth rank.
It is inferred that the first rank scored by Whirlpool.
66
TABLE 4.14
OPINION OF THE RESPONDENTS TOWARDS THE BRANDS OF
REFRIGERATOR
67
Age in years
Total
Below 20
20-40
40-60
Above 60
16
18
34
44
50
Above Rs-15000
10
Total
30
68
100
Blow Rs-5000
Rs-5000Rs.10000
Rs-10000-Rs15000
Expected Frequency
Monthly
Income
Age in years
Total
Below 20
20-40
40-60
Above 60
10
24
34
16
34
50
Above Rs-15000
10
Total
30
68
100
Blow Rs-5000
Rs-5000Rs.10000
Rs-10000Rs-15000
68
(O-E)
(O-E) 2
8
3
2
2
9
22
1
2
0
0
0
1
5
8
1
1
12
17
2
3
0
0
0
1
3
-5
1
1
-3
5
-1
-1
0
0
0
0
9
25
1
1
9
25
1
1
0
0
0
0
(O-E)2
E
0.188
3.13
1.00
1.00
0.75
1.47
0.55
0.17
0
0
0
0
9.98
Degree of freedom
(C-1)
(r-1)
(4-1)
(4-1)
=3x3=9
5% degree of freedom
Calculate value
= 9.98
Table value
= 23.60
Inference:
The calculate value is less then table value. Therefore the null
hypothesis is accepted. There is no association between age and monthly
income of the respondents.
69
Post
Occupation
Business
Upto +2
10
Graduate
10
Graduate
6
Others
0
Total
26
Agriculture
14
Profession
20
10
40
Others
Total
4
38
8
32
8
28
0
2
20
100
Expected Frequency:
Educational Qualification
Under
Post
Upto +2
10
Graduate
10
Graduate
6
Others
0
Total
26
Agriculture
14
Profession
20
10
40
Others
Total
4
38
8
32
8
28
0
2
20
100
Occupation
Business
70
(O-E)
(O-E) 2
5
2
10
2
5
3
4
4
3
2
5
4
0
0
1
0
5
3
8
3
4
2
6
4
4
2
5
3
0
0
1
0
0
-1
2
-1
1
1
-2
0
-1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
4
1
1
1
4
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
(O-E)2
E
0
0.33
0.50
0.33
0.25
0.50
0.67
0
0.25
0
0
0.33
0
0
0
0
3.16
Degree of freedom
(C-1)
(r-1)
(4-1)
(4-1)
=3x3=9
5% degree of freedom
Calculate value
= 3.16
Table value
= 23.60
Inference:
The calculate value is less then table value. Therefore the null
hypothesis is accepted. There is no association between educational
qualification and occupation of the respondents.
71
Educational Qualification
Upto
Under
Post
Blow Rs-5000
+2
12
Graduate
14
Graduate
8
Rs-5000-Rs.10000
20
12
Rs-10000-Rs-15000
Above Rs-15000
Total
Others
Total
34
18
50
10
38
32
28
100
Expected Frequency:
Monthly Income
Upto +2
Educational Qualification
Under
Post
Blow Rs-5000
12
Graduate
10
Rs-5000-Rs.10000
20
16
Rs-10000-Rs-15000
Above Rs-15000
Total
Graduate
10
Others
Total
34
14
50
10
38
32
28
100
72
(O-E)
(O-E) 2
6
10
1
2
7
6
1
2
4
9
0
1
0
0
1
0
6
10
1
2
5
8
1
2
5
7
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
-2
0
0
-1
2
-1
0
-1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
4
4
0
0
1
4
1
0
1
0
1
0
(O-E)2
E
0
0
0
0
0.80
0.50
0
0
0.20
0.57
1.00
0
1.00
0
0
0
4.07
Degree of freedom
(C-1)
(r-1)
(4-1)
(4-1)
=3x3=9
5% degree of freedom
Calculate value
= 4.07
Table value
= 23.60
Inference:
The calculate value is less then table value. Therefore the null
hypothesis is accepted. There is no association between educational
qualification and monthly income of the respondents.
73
Rs.5000-
Rs.10000-
Rs.5000
16
Rs.10000
10
Rs.15000
4
35
28
57
Above 7
Total
2
34
Size of
Family
Below 3
Above
Total
Rs.15000
4
34
42
12
22
0
50
0
6
0
10
2
100
Expected frequency:
Monthly Income
Size of
Below
Family
Rs.5000
Rs.5000-
Rs.10000-
Above
Total
Below 3
12
Rs.10000
16
Rs.15000
2
Rs.15000
4
34
35
14
22
42
57
12
22
Above 7
Total
2
34
0
50
0
6
0
10
2
100
74
(O-E)
(O-E) 2
8
4
4
1
5
14
6
0
2
1
0
0
2
2
1
0
6
7
3
1
8
11
6
0
1
1
1
0
2
2
1
0
2
-3
1
0
-3
3
0
0
1
0
-1
0
0
0
0
0
4
9
1
0
9
9
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
(O-E)2
E
0.67
1.29
0.33
0
1.13
0.82
0
0
1.00
0
1.00
0
0
0
0
0
6.24
Degree of freedom
(C-1)
(r-1)
(4-1)
(4-1)
= 3 x 3= 9
5% degree of freedom
Calculate value
= 6.24
Table value
= 23.60
Inference:
The calculate value is less then table value. Therefore the null
hypothesis is accepted. There is no association between monthly income and
size of family of the respondents.
75
Others
Total
Friends
14
Relatives
10
Dealers
2
30
2 3 Years
14
16
38
3 4 Years
12
22
Above 4 Years
Total
4
22
4
18
2
5
0
5
10
100
the brand
1 - 2 Years
Expected frequency:
Recommended
No. of Years using
Friends
14
Relatives
10
Dealers
2
Others
4
Total
30
2 3 Years
16
14
38
3 4 Years
10
44
4
44
4
36
2
10
0
10
10
100
the brand
1 - 2 Years
Above 4 Years
Total
CHI square Test:
O
(O-E)
76
(O-E) 2
(O-E)2
7
7
6
2
5
8
3
2
1
2
1
1
2
2
1
0
7
8
5
2
5
7
4
2
1
2
1
1
2
2
1
0
0
-1
1
0
0
+1
-1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
E
0
0.13
0.20
0
0
0.14
0.25
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.72
Degree of freedom
(C-1)
(r-1)
(4-1)
(4-1)
= 3 x 3= 9
5% degree of freedom
Calculate value
= 0.72
Table value
= 23.60
Inference:
The calculate value is less then table value. Therefore the null
hypothesis is accepted. There is no association between recommended and no.
of years using the brand of the respondents.
77
CHAPTER V
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS SUGGESTIONS AND
CONCLUSION
5.1 FINDINGS:
The refrigerator is used more than any other appliance in your kitchen.
It is work 24 hours a day. It does so much for the users keep food,
vegetables.
The refrigerator is classified as manual defrost refrigerators, partial
defrost refrigerators and frost-free refrigerators.
The first known artificial refrigerator was demonstrated by William
cullen at the university of Ggow in 1748.
It is inferred that the majority of the respondents are fall in male.
It is inferred that the majority of the respondents belong to the age group
between 20 to 40 Years.
It is inferred that the majority of the respondents are married.
It is inferred that the majority of the respondents are up to +2 level.
The Highest Percentage of the respondents are profession.
The Highest Percentages of the respondents are come under the income
group of Rs.5000 to Rs.10000 per month.
It is inferred that the majority of the respondents are all fall under 3 to 5
members group.
It is inferred that the majority of the respondents are bought single door
refrigerators.
It is inferred that the majority of the respondents are purchased whirl
pool brand of refrigerators.
It is inferred that the majority of the respondents recommended to by
buy the brand is friends.
78
5.2 SUGESSTIONS
Maximum number of respondents feel quality is the prime factor so,
quality is to be improved better with good service.
Cost plays a vital role during the purchase of the refrigerators. The cost
of the refrigerators may be reduced.
Latest technology is another feature which the consumers expects in
their refrigerators.
The consumers feel power consumption is absorbed lot more. So low
power consumption may also be made in the refrigerators.
Also the consumer have mind that more number of models to designed,
and more cooling facility to be inserted.
79
5.3 CONCLUSION
Customers are more or less satisfied towards their refrigerators. They
feel that more features to be added in the refrigerators.
Most of the customers want their refrigerators to be reasonable price.
Brand image, quality and compressor are the main factors that influence the
customers to purchase the refrigerator. That study concludes that Satisfied
consumer would be a most effective sales promoter for any manufacturer.
Hence the producers of refrigerators should concentrate on satisfying the
consumer needs.
80