Fundamentals of Dynamic Analysis | MSC Nastran | Simulating reality

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Overview
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In static structural analysis, it is possible to describe the operation of MSC Nastran without a detailed discussion of
the fundamental equations. Due to the several types of dynamic analyses and the different mathematical form of
each, some knowledge of both the physics of dynamics and the manner in which the physics is represented is
important to using MSC Nastran effectively and efficiently for dynamic analysis.
You should become familiar with the notation and terminology covered in this chapter. This knowledge will be
valuable to understand the meaning of the symbols and the reasons for the procedures employed in later chapters.
References and Bibliography, 757 provide a list of references for structural dynamic analysis.
Dynamic Analysis Versus Static Analysis

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LEARN MORE - FATIGUE ANALYSIS

MSC Nastran Embedded Fatigue Seminars

Two basic aspects of dynamic analysis differ from static analysis. First, dynamic loads are applied as a function of
time or frequency-. Second, this time or frequency-varying load application induces time or frequency-varying
response (displacements, velocities, accelerations, forces, and stresses). These time or frequency-varying
characteristics make dynamic analysis more complicated and more realistic than static analysis.

Principles of Fatigue Analysis

What is MSC Nastran Embedded Fatigue?

This chapter introduces the equations of motion for a single degree-of-freedom dynamic system (see Equations of
Motion, 3), illustrates the dynamic analysis process (see Dynamic Analysis Process, 13), and characterizes the types
of dynamic analyses described in this guide (see Dynamic Analysis Types, 15). Those who are familiar with these
topics may want to skip to subsequent chapters.

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Equations of Motion

Improving Multi-Scale Modeling of Composite Materials

& Structure in the Automotive Industry

The basic types of motion in a dynamic system are displacement u and the first and second derivatives of
displacement with respect to time. These derivatives are velocity and acceleration, respectively, given below:

Simulation of Short Fiber Reinforced Plastic Parts

Progressive Ply Failure Analysis
Failure Analysis of Composite Structures
(1-1)
Velocity and Acceleration

Modeling Composites in FEA/MSC Nastran

Velocity is the rate of change in the displacement with respect to time. Velocity can also be described as the slope of
the displacement curve. Similarly, acceleration is the rate of change of the velocity with respect to time, or the slope
of the velocity curve.
Single Degree-of-Freedom System

LEARN MORE - NONLINEAR ANALYSIS

The most simple representation of a dynamic system is a single degree-of-freedom (SDOF) system (see Figure 1-1).
In an SDOF system, the time-varying displacement of the structure is defined by one component of motion u(t).
Velocity u (t) and acceleration (t) are derived from the displacement.

Simulation of Failure and Crack Propagation

The Importance of Nonlinear Analysis / What is
Nonlinear FEA?
Simulating manufacturing processes
Analysis of Cold Roll Formed Products and Processes
Modeling elastic-plastic materials in Marc
Characterization of Elastomers for FEA

Figure 1-1 Singe Degree-of-Freedom (SDOF) System

Creep Analysis in Marc

Dynamic and Static Degrees-of-Freedom

Examples

Mass and damping are associated with the motion of a dynamic system. Degrees-of-freedom with mass or damping
are often called dynamic degrees-of-freedom; degrees-of-freedom with stiffness are called static degrees-of-freedom.
It is possible (and often desirable) in models of complex systems to have fewer dynamic degrees-of-freedom than
static degrees-of-freedom.
The four basic components of a dynamic system are mass, energy dissipation (damper), resistance (spring), and
applied load. As the structure moves in response to an applied load, forces are induced that are a function of both
the applied load and the motion in the individual components. The equilibrium equation representing the dynamic
motion of the system is known as the equation of motion.

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Equation of Motion

Advanced Nonlinear Analysis

This equation, which defines the equilibrium condition of the system at each point in time, is represented as

Optimizing to Account for Multiple, Related Designs

(1-2)
Optimization for Improved Designs
The equation of motion accounts for the forces acting on the structure at each instant in time. Typically, these forces

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Fundamentals of Dynamic Analysis | MSC Nastran | Simulating reality

http://simulatemore.mscsoftware.com/fundamentals-of-dynamic-analysi...

are separated into internal forces and external forces. Internal forces are found on the left-hand side of the equation,
and external forces are specified on the right-hand side. The resulting equation is a second-order linear differential
equation representing the motion of the system as a function of displacement and higher-order derivatives of the

Inertia Force
MSC Nastran
MSC Student Center
An accelerated mass induces a force that is proportional to the mass and the acceleration. This force is called the
inertia force m(t).
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Viscous Damping
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The energy dissipation mechanism induces a force that is a function of a dissipation constant and the velocity. This
force
is
known
as
the
viscous
damping
force
bu

(t).
The
damping
transforms the kinetic energy into another form
MSC Industries
MSCforce
Events
of energy, typically heat, which tends to reduce the vibration.
Elastic Force
The final induced force in the dynamic system is due to the elastic resistance in the system and is a function of the
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displacement and stiffness of the system. This force is called the elastic force or occasionally the spring force ku(t).

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