POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT

Instructor: Dr. J. Holmes

Office number: GR 3.528
Phone number: 972 883 6843
Office Hours: 10-11 TR
email: jholmes@utdallas.edu

Course / number Course Title Day Time

POEC/PSCI 6362 Political Development Thursday 2-4:45 pm

Course Objectives
Course Description:
The class will be a discussion based seminar. One of the main objectives of this course is for you to
become aware of the different perspectives and approaches to development. In the process, you
should be able to identify and appreciate different definitions, ideas, and assumptions of the
different theories and approaches. Development can include a focus on economic development,
political development, democratization or political stability, among others. Finally, we will discuss
the theories of development in regard to actual world institutions, policies and country experiences.

Books to Buy:
All books are available at the campus bookstore and at Off Campus Books. At this time, only buy
Charles Tilly’s Big Structures, Large Processes and Huge Comparisons! This is the only
book that everyone will buy. Each student will buy three additional books, depending on
which weeks they will lead the seminar discussion. Everyone else will be responsible for
finding and reading book reviews of the featured books. The books have also been placed on
reserve at the McDermott Library. Students are also encouraged to check local bookstores, for
example Half Price Books or halfpricebooks.com for used copies.

Charles Tilly Big Structures, Large Processes, Huge Comparisons (New York: Russell Sage Foundation,
1984).

Plus – three others TBD.

Numerous other articles available online through the library’s electronic databases..

Class Requirements:
Breakdown of grading:
Class Participation: 20% = (days you are not leading discussion)
Paper 1: 20% = (15% paper & 5% presentation/ leading discussion)
Paper 2: 20% = (15% paper & 5% presentation/ leading discussion)
Paper 3: 20% = (15% paper & 5% presentation/ leading discussion)
Bibliographic Essay 20%

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 OTHER POLICIES
v Class attendance: Required.
v Extensions : As a rule, no extensions are granted for written work. Unexcused late papers will be
penalized one full grade per day. However, in case of an emergency, contact the professor as soon as
possible to see if an exception can be made. Written documentation to substantiate your emergency
will be required.
v Incompletes. Incompletes may be assigned at the discretion of the professor and according to the
policy as stated in the Catalog. To be considered for an incomplete, you must petition with the
appropriate form. Please note that the university requires that you have completed at least 70% of
the course material to be eligible for an incomplete. Moreover, the incomplete work must be
finished within one semester from the date of the original granting of the incomplete.
v Scholastic Dishonesty. Scholastic dishonesty includes, but is not limited to, cheating on assignments
or examinations, plagiarizing (misrepresenting as your own work any part of work done by another),
submitting the same assignment, or substantially similar assignments to meet the requirements of
more than one course without the approval of all instructors, depriving another student of necessary
course materials, or interfering with another student's work. If in doubt about the ethics of your
actions, consult the Catalog to see the University's policy. Violations of this policy will be punished
severely and according to the fullest extent of the policy.
v Cell Phones & Pagers. Due to receiving numerous complaints from students, this policy is
necessary. If you allow your cell phone or beeper to audibly ring or beep in class, you will be
penalized. The first time is a warning, after that you lose points. The penalty starts at two points
and will double every time thereafter. If you answer the phone, no warning will be granted and you
will be immediately assessed the penalty.

Paper Objectives and Guidelines

Substantive Expectations (First Three Papers):
In the first three papers, you should demonstrate a general understanding of the issues raised in the
book. The object of this critical review should be to identify the central issues that assigned
readings for the week address. Students writing papers will present their analysis in class (~15
minutes). To accommodate seminar discussion, the critical analyses will be due no later than 24
hours in advance of seminar meeting time. Students shall make copies for each seminar
participant, and the paper author shall also place one copy in each instructor’s mailbox. In
addition, you should be able to evaluate different theories and approaches, identifying the relevant
assumptions, definitions, strengths, and weaknesses of each. Finally, you should be able to create a
critical, engaged argument, using the texts as evidence. For the papers based on the assigned
readings, it is the responsibility of the participant to place copies of the paper in the mail boxes of
your fellow students at least 24 hours in advance of the class. The paper should take into account
the following questions:
1. What is the purpose of the book, what is the theoretical concern, and what concepts are
developed?
2. What is being studied, i.e. what is the unit of analysis and the scope of the study?
3. How is it being studied, in terms of what variables?
4. To what degree does the study conform to the criteria of the logic of scientific explanation?
Or does it conform to an alternative form of inquiry?
5. Are the conclusions suggestive or proven? Do the data support the inference?

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 6. What is the book’s significance? How does it fit into the literature?
7. How does the book challenge or add to our understanding of development?
8. What are the strengths and shortcomings of the book?

Students writing papers will present their analysis in class (~15 minutes) and help lead
discussion. The matrix for grading presentations is as follows:
• Presentation Style: (25%) (e.g. professional, well-organized, maintain eye contact with
audience, speak loudly/clearly/slowly, able to respond to questions easily, time
management)
• Content: (50%) (e.g. organized, logical flow, overview of issue provided, clear
arguments, supporting information provided, use of outside research, integrate course
material into presentation)
• Discussion Questions (25%) (provision of stimulating and relevant questions relating your
book to the other required readings)

Final Paper (Bibliographic Essay)

Exemplars can be found in the Annual Review of Political Science. In general, you should provide a
critical evaluation of the included sources, compare and contrast them, group them substantively. See
faculty.tamu-commerce.edu/droyal/Writing%20a%20Bibliographic%20Essay.doc
for an excellent guide to writing a bibliographic essay.

Style Expectations (All Four Written Assignments)

Format:
1. Use footnotes. (See The Chicago Manual of Style for details). A summary can be found at
http://www.libs.uga.edu/ref/chicago.html Use the documentary note style -not the author note system!!! This is not the
MLA form of citation. MLA citation is an author-date system. If using Microsoft word, under the insert menu, choose
reference and then footnote to automatically number the reference and place it at the bottom of the page. The style is as
follows:

Examples of footnotes:
1
David Stafford, Britain and European Resistance (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1980), 90.
2
James F. Powers, "Frontier Municipal Baths and Social Interaction in Thirteenth-Century Spain," American Historical
Review 84 (June 1979): 655.

Bibliography:
Stafford, David. Britain and European Resistance. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1980.
Powers, James F. "Frontier Municipal Baths and Social Interaction in Thirteenth-Century Spain." American Historical
Review 84 (June 1979): 649-67.

According to The Chicago Manual of Style, "the full reference of a note, as in a bibliographic entry, must include enough
information to enable the interested reader to find it in a library, though the form of the note need not correspond precisely to
that of the library catalog." 1

2. Use a 12 point font.

3. The text should be typed, double spaced, and have one inch margins.
4. Do not add extra spaces between paragraphs.
5. Number the pages.
6. Include a title page with your name, course title, and date.
7. Include a bibliography.

1
Chicago Manual of Style, 13th ed. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1982), 487.

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Style:
1. Include an introduction and conclusion with appropriate outlines and summation of the main points of your paper.
2. Use topic sentences in your paragraphs. (Please – no two sentence paragraphs or two page paragraphs!)
3. Do not use a casual tone. (For example, do not use contractions such as “can’t,” “wouldn’t”, etc.)
4. Avoid speaking in the first person. (For example, “In this paper I will …”)
5. Spell check!

Sources:
1. Cite often. An overabundance of citations is always preferable to too few. Cite as if you want the reader to be able to
easily refer to your sources when you refer to facts, quotations, and interpretations.
2. If someone else says it, you must give credit to him or her. If you repeat the author verbatim, you must quote and cite
the author. If you paraphrase his or her words, you must cite the author. Failure to do this is plagiarism.

A good reference for writing standards and references is the Chicago Manual of Style. If in doubt,
please consult it.

Please feel free to contact me about any concerns you have about the course.

This syllabus is tentative and subject to change.

Reading Assignments
Week One:
Thursday January 12 Introduction
During the first seminar meeting, students shall sign up for weeks in which they will
write critical reviews.

Week Two:
Thursday January 19
Tilly, Charles Big Structures, Large Processes and Huge Comparisons

Atul Kohli et al. 1995. “The Role of Theory in Comparative Politics: A Symposium.” World
Politics 48 (October): 1-49.

Week Three:
Thursday January 26 Definitions and Conceptualization
1. David Collier and Robert Adock. 1999. “Democracy and Dichotomies: A Pragmatic Approach to Choices
about Concepts.” Annual Review of Political Science 2: 537-65.
2. Giovanni Sartori, “Concept Misformation in Comparative Politics,” American Political Science Review 64
(1970): 1033-1053.
3. David Collier and Steven Levitsky, “Democracy with Adjectives: Conceptual Innovation in
Comparative Research,” World Politics 49:3 (April 1997): 430-51.
4. Kenneth Bollen, “Political Democracy: Conceptual and Measurement Traps,” Studies in Comparative
International Development 25:1 (Spring 1990): 7-24.
5. Amartya Sen, “Democracy as a Universal Value,” Journal of Democracy 10, no. 3 (July 1999): 3-17
6. Harry Eckstein, 1982. "The Idea of Political Development: From Dignity to Efficiency."
World Politics 34 (July), 451-486.
7. Frances Hagopian. “Political Development, Revisited.” Comparative Political Studies, Volume
33, Number 6 (August 1, 2000), pp. 880-911

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 8. Hirschman, "The Search for Paradigms as a Hindrance to Understanding," World Politics, 22 (April 1970)

Week Four:
Thursday February 2 Comparative History and Path Dependence
Necessary and sufficient conditions, structural explanations, causal mechanisms,

1. Theda Skocpol, “A Critical Review of Barrington Moore’s Social Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy,”
Politics and Society (Fall 1973): 1-34.
2. Terry Lynn Karl, "Dilemmas of Democratization in Latin America," Comparative Politics 23:1 (October
1990): 1-21.
3. Nancy Bermeo, “Democracy and the Lessons of Dictatorship,” Comparative Politics 24:3 (April 1992):
273-91l;
4. Arend Lijphart, “Explaining Political and Economic Change in Post-Communist Eastern Europe: Old
Legacies, New Institutions, Hegemonic Norms, and International Pressures,” Comparative Political
Studies 28:2 (July 1995): 171-99.
5. Mahoney, James. “Path-Dependent Explanations of Regime Change: Central America in Comparative
Perspective”. Studies in Comparative International Development, Spring2001, Vol. 36 Issue 1, p111, 31p
6. Joseph Femia. “Barrington Moore and the Preconditions for Democracy.” BJPS Vol. 2, No. 1
(Jan., 1972), pp. 21-46.

Books:
Moore, Barrington. Social Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy (Boston: Beacon Press, 1993).
Skocpol, Theda. States and Social Revolutions (New York: Cambridge University Press,1979).
Dietrich Rueschemeyer, John D. Stephens, and Evelyne Huber Stephens, Capitalist Development and Democracy
(Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992)
Charles Tilly. 1992. Coercion, Capital, and European States. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell.
Hilton L. Root. Peasants and King in Burgundy: Agrarian Foundations of French Absolutism. Berkeley:
University of California Press, 1987.
States and Development: Historical Antecedents of Stagnation and Advance (Palgrave Macmillan, 2005)

Week Five:
Thursday February 9 Modernization Theory:
1. Wiarda, H. "Toward a Framework for the Study of Political Change in the Iberic Tradition: The
Corporative Model," World Politics 25, 2 (1973): 206-235
2. Phillips Cutright, “National Political Development: Measurement and Analysis,” American Sociological
Review 28 (1963): 253-64.
3. Dankwart Rustow, “Transitions to Democracy,” Comparative Politics 2 (1970): 337-63.
4. Adam Przeworski and Fernando Limongi, "Modernization: Theories and Facts," World Politics 49 (January
1997).
5. Zehra Arat, “Democracy and Economic Development: Modernization Theory Revisited,”
Comparative Politics 21 (1988): 21-36
6. Seymour Martin Lipset, “The Social Requisites of Democracy Revisited: 1993 Presidential Address,”
American Sociological Review 59 (February 1994): 1-22;

Books:
Samuel Huntington, Political Order in Changing Societies (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1968).
Apter, David E. 1965. The Politics of Modernization Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

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Week Six:
Thursday February 16 Dependency and its Aftermath
1. Almond, Gabriel A. 1965. "A Developmental Approach to Political Systems." World Politics
17 (January) 183-214.
2. Arturo and J. Samuel Valenzuela, "Modernization and Dependency," Comparative Politics
(July 1978) 535-557.
3. Valenzuela, J. Samuel, and Arturo Valenzuela. 1978 "Modernization and Dependency: Alternate
Perspectives in the Study of Latin American Underdevelopment." Comparative Politics July 1978
4. Jackson, Steven, Bruce Russett, Duncan Snidal and David Sylvan. 1979. "An Assessment of
Empirical Research on Dependencia." Latin American Research Review 14(3), 7-28.
5. Kaufman, Robert R., Harry I. Chernotsky, and Daniel S. Geller. 1975. "A Preliminary Test
of the Theory of Dependency." Comparative Politics 6 (April) 303-330.
6. Mancur Olson. 1993. “Dictatorship, Democracy, and Development.” APSR 87(3):567-76.

Books:
Apter, David E. Rethinking Development: Modernization, Dependency, and Postmodern Politics Newbury
Park, CA: Sage Publications
Evans, Peter. Dependent Development. The Alliance of Multinationals, the State and Local Capital in Brazil
(Princeton: Princeton University Press) 1979
Peter Evans. 1995. Embedded autonomy : States and Industrial Transformation. Princeton: Princeton
University Press.
Becker, David G. et al. 1987 Post-imperialism, International Capitalism and Development in the Late Twentieth
Century Boulder, Colorado: Lynne Rienner Publishers.

Week Seven:
Thursday February 23
Structure and agency; process; What is theory? deductive vs. inductive approaches

1. Terry Lynn Karl and Philippe C. Schmitter, "Modes of Transition in Latin America, Southern and
Eastern Europe," International Social Science Journal (May 1991), pp. 269-284.
2. John Higley and Michael G. Burton, "The Elite Variable in Democratic Transitions and Breakdowns,"
American Sociological Review Vol. 54, No. 1, Feb. 1989, pp. 17-32.]
3. Frances Hagopian, "'Democracy by Undemocratic Means' Elites, Political Pacts, and Regime
Transition in Brazil." Comparative Political Studies 23, no. 2 (July 1990), pp. 147-169.
4. Barbara Geddes, "Paradigms and Sandcastles: Research Design in Comparative Politics,” APSA-CP
Newsletter 8:1 (Winter 1997): 18-21. (http://www.nd.edu/~apsacp/apsa1997.html)
5. Barry R. Weingast, “The Political Foundations of Democracy and the Rule of Law,” American Political
Science Review 91: 2 (June 1997): 245-63.
6. Pye, Lucian W. 1990. "Political Science and the Crisis of Authoritarianism." American
Political Science Review 84 (March), 3-19.

Books:
Juan J. Linz, The Breakdown of Democratic Regimes: Crisis, Breakdown, and Reequilibration (Johns Hopkins, 1978).
130 pp. ISBN 0-8018-2009-X
Guillermo O’Donnell and Phillippe Schmitter, Transitions from Authoritarian Rule: Tentative Conclusions about
Uncertain Transitions (Johns Hopkins UP, 1986). 71 pp. ISBN 0-8018-2682-9

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Gretchen Caspar and Michelle M. Taylor, Negotiating Democracy: Transitions from Authoritarian Rule (U Pittsburgh
Press, 1996).
Giuseppi di Palma. 1990. To Craft Democracies: An Essay on Democratic Transitions. Berkeley:
University of California Press.
Paul Drake and Mathew McCubbins, (eds.) 1998. The Origins of Liberty: Political and Economic
Liberalization in the Modern World. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Week Eight:
Thursday March 2 Third Wave/ Democratization & Democracy

1. Barbara Geddes. 1999. “What Do We Know About Democratization After TwentyYears?”Annual Review of
Political Science 2: 115-44.
2. Doh Chull Shin, “On the Third Wave of Democratization: A Synthesis and Evaluation of Recent
Theory and Research,” World Politics 47 (October 1994): 135-70.
3. Giovanni Sartori, “How Far Can Free Government Travel?” Journal of Democracy 6:3 (July 1995): 101-
111.
4. Larry Diamond, “Is the Third Wave Over?” Journal of Democracy 7:3 (July 1996): 20-37.
5. Collier and Norden, "Strategic Choice Models of Political Change in Latin America," Comparative Politics,
24 (January 1992)
6. Karen Remmer, “The Sustainability of Political Democracy: Lessons from South America,”
Comparative Political Studies 29:6 (December 1996): 611-34.

Books:
Samuel Huntington, The Third Wave: Democratization in the Late Twentieth Century (Norman: U Oklahoma P,
1991)
Przeworski, Adam, et al. 2000. Democracy and Development: Political Institutions and material Well-
Being in the World, 1950-1990. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Lijphart, Arend. 1999. Patterns of Democracy: Government Forms and Performance in Thirty-Six
Countries. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Charles Tilly, Social Movements: 1768-2004 (Paradigm, 2004)

March 6-11 Spring Break

Week Nine:
Thursday March 16 Democratic Consolidation:

1. Adam Przeworski, Michael Alvarez, José Antonio Cheibub, and Fernando Limongi, “What Makes
Democracies Endure?” Journal of Democracy 7:1 (January 1996): 39-55
2. Juan J. Linz and Alfred Stepan, “Toward Consolidated Democracies,” Journal of Democracy 7:2 (April
1996): 14-33.
3. Guillermo O’Donnell, “Illusions about Consolidation,” Journal of Democracy 7:2 (April 1996): 34-51;
and the debate on it in JoD 7:4 (October 1996): 151-68.
4. Andreas Schedler, “What is Democratic Consolidation,” Journal of Democracy 9, no. 2 (1998), pp. 91-
107.
5. E. Huber, D. Rueschemeyer, and J.D. Stephens, “The Paradoxes of Contemporary Democracy:
Formal, Participatory, and Social Dimensions,” Comparative Politics 29:3 (April 1997): 323-342.

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 6. Guillermo O’Donnell, “Delegative Democracy,” Journal of Democracy 5 (January 1994): 55-69;
7. Philippe C. Schmitter, “Dangers and Dilemmas of Democracy,” Journal of Democracy 5:2 (April 1994):
57-74.
8. Schedler, Andreas. “Measuring Democratic Consolidation” Studies in Comparative International
Development, Spring2001, Vol. 36 Issue 1, p66,)
9. Kopecky, Petr; Mudde, Cas. 2000. “What Has Eastern Europe Taught Us about the Democratisation
Literature (and Vice Versa)?” European Journal of Political Research 37, 4, June, 517-539.

Books:
Juan J. Linz and Alfred Stepan, Problems of Democratic Transition and Consolidation (Johns Hopkins UP, 1996).
Politics of Democratic Consolidation: Southern Europe in Comparative Perspective Edited by Richard Gunther, P.
Nikiforos Diamandouros, and Hans- Jurgen Puhle. (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press,
1995)
Adam Przeworski. 1995. Sustainable Democracy. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Stephan Haggard and Robert Kaufman, 1995. The Political Economy of Democratic Transitions.
Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Week Ten:
Thursday March 23 Consequences of Democracy: Economic Policy and Performance

1. Larry Sirowy and Alex Inkeles, “The Effects of Democracy on Economic Growth and Inequality: A
Review,” Studies in Comparative International Development 25:1 (Spring 1990): 126-157.
2. Marc Lindenberg and Shantayanan Devarajan, “Prescribing Strong Economic Medicine: Revisiting the
Myths about Structural Adjustment, Democracy, and Economic Performance in Developing
Countries,” Comparative Politics 25:2 (January 1993): 169-82.
3. John F. Helliwell, “Empirical Linkages Between Democracy and Economic Growth,” British Journal of
Political Science 24:2 (April 1994): 225-48.
4. Leblang, David A. “Property Rights, Democracy and Economic Growth,” Political Research Quarterly 49:
1 (March 1996): 5-26.
5. Adam Przeworski; Fernando Limongi, “Political Regimes and Economic Growth,” The Journal of
Economic Perspectives, Vol. 7, No. 3. (Summer, 1993), pp. 51-69.
6. Gabriel Almond, "Capitalism and Democracy," PS: Political Science & Politics, 24 (September 1991)
7. Edward N. Muller, “Democracy, Economic Development, and Income Inequality,” American
Sociological Review 53:2 (February 1988): 50-68.
8. Carles Boix and Susan Stokes. 2003.´”Endogenous Democratization,” World Politics 55: 517-549.

Books:
Stephan Haggard and Robert R. Kaufman, The Political Economy of Democratic Transitions
Larry Diamond and Marc F. Plattner, eds, Economic Reform and Democracy (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University
Press, 1995):
Hernando De Soto, The Other Path: The Invisible Revolution in the Third World (New York: Harper and Row,
1989)
José María Maravall, Regimes, Politics and Markets (Oxford: Oxford University Press 1997)
Adam Przeworski, Democracy and the Market (Cambridge UP, 1991)
Migdal, Joel. Strong Societies & Weak States State-Society Relations & State Capabilities in the Third World
(Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1988)
Hernando De Soto, The Mystery of Capital: Why Capitalism Triumphs in the West and Fails Everywhere
Else (London: Bantam Press, 2000)

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Amy Chua. 2003. World on Fire: How Exporting Free Market Democracy Breeds Ethnic Hatred and
Global Instability
Rec:
Robert A. Dahl, "Why Free Markets Are Not Enough," Journal of Democracy 3, 3 (July 1992), pp. 82-89.

Week Eleven:
Thursday March 30 Culture and Cleavages
What is culture? static causes, inertia, case selection, vicious/virtuous cycles; share data on democracy and religion.

1. Robert W. Jackman and Ross A. Miller, “A Renaissance of Political Culture?” American Journal of
Political Science 40:3 (August 1996): 632-59.
2. Fukuyama, Francis “Social capital, civil society and development” Third World Quarterly, Feb2001, Vol.
22 Issue 1.
3. Sidney Tarrow, “Making Social Science Work Across Space and Time: A Critical Reflection on Robert
Putnam’s Making Democracy Work,” American Political Science Review 90:2 (June 1996): 389-97;
4. Arend Lijphart, “The Puzzle of Indian Democracy: A Consociational Interpretation,” American Political
Science Review 90:2 (June 1996): 258-68.
5. Edward N. Muller and Mitchell A. Seligson, "Civic Culture and Democracy: The Question of Causal
Relationships," American Political Science Review 88, no. 3 (September 1994), pp. 635-652.
6. William A. Galston, “Civil Society and the ‘Art’ of Association,” Journal of Democracy 11, no. 1 (January
2000): 64-70.
7. Theda Skocpol. 1997. “The Tocqueville Problem,” Social Science History, 21(4):455-479.
8. Gretchen Helmke and Steven Levitsky, “Informal Institutions and Comparative Politics: A
Research Agenda,” Perspectives on Politics 2:4 (December 2004):725-740

Books:
Putnam, Robert. Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy (Princeton: Princeton Univ
Press, 1994).
Crawford Young. 1994. The African State in Comparative Perspective.
Lisa Anderson. 1984. The State and Social Transformation.
Judith Tendler, 1997. Good Government in the Tropics. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins.
Rec.
Donald L. Horowitz, "Democracy in Divided Societies," Journal of Democracy 4:4 (October 1993): 18-38.

Week Twelve:
Thursday April 6 Civil Military Relations & Functionings Approach

Civil Military Relations

1. David Pion-Berlin, "Military Autonomy and Emerging Democracies in South America," Comparative
Politics 25, no. 1 (October 1992), pp. 83-103.
2. Wendy Hunter, "Contradictions of Civilian Control: Argentina, Brazil and Chile in the 1990s," Third
World Quarterly 15, no. 4 (December 1994), p. 633-653.
3. Cottey, Andrew; Edmunds, Timothy; Forster, Anthony, “The Second Generation Problematic:
Rethinking Democracy and Civil-Military Relations. Armed Forces & Society, Sep2002, Vol. 29 Issue 1,
p31, 26p

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 4. Mason, T David. “Globalization, Democratization, and the Prospects for Civil War in the New
Millennium” International Studies Review, 2003, 5, 4, Dec, 19-35.

Book:
Alfred Stepan, Rethinking Military Politics: Brazil and the Southern Cone (Princeton: Princeton University Press,
1988)
Civil-Military Relations in Latin America: New Analytical Perspectives. Edited by David Pion-Berlin. Chapel Hill:
University of North Carolina Press, 2001.
Brian Downing. 1992. The Military Revolution and Political Change. Princeton: Princeton University
Press.

Functionings Approach
1. Sen, Amartya, "Public Action and the Quality of Life in Developing Countries" Oxford
Bulletin of Economics and Statistics Vol.43, No4., Nov. 1981.
2. "Development without Growth: The Kerala experience",Technology Review I, No 93, 1990,
pp. 42-51.
3. Parayil, Govindan. "The 'Kerala model' of Development: development and sustainability in
the Third World" Third World Quarterly Vol.17 No 5 December 1996, pp 941-958.

Books:
Nussbaum, Martha Women and Human Development The Capabilities Approach Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press, 2000.
Sen, Amartya. Development as Freedom. Oxford University Press, 1999.
Christian Welzel Modernization, Cultural Change, and Democracy: The Human Development Sequence
(Cambridge University Press, 2005).

Week Thirteen: Violence, Democracy & Regional Effects

Thursday April 13 Violence & Democracy
1. T. David Mason. 1998. “Take Two Acres and Call Me in the Morning: is Land Reform a Prescription
for Peasant Unrest?” The Journal of Politics 60(1):199-231.
2. Deborah J. Yashar, “Contesting Citizenship: Indigenous Movements and Democracy in Latin
America,” Comparative Politics, Vol. 31, No. 1. (Oct., 1998), pp. 23-42.
3. Ami Pedhazhur. 2001. “Struggling with the Challenges of Right-Wing Extremism and Terrorism
within Democratic Boundaries: A Comparative Study” Studies in Conflict and Terrorism. Vol. 24.
No.5. Pp 339-359.
4. Weinberg, Leonard. 1991. “Turning to Terror: The Conditions under Which Political Parties Turn to
Terrorist Activities” Comparative Politics, Vol. 23, Issue 4, p. 423.
5. William Eubank and Leonard Weinberg. 2001. “Terrorism and Democracy: Perpetrators and Victims”
Terrorism and Political Violence, 13/1(spring): 155-164.
Books
Leonard Weinberg and Ami Pedahzur. 2003. Political Parties and Terrorist Groups Routledge, London;
New York: Routledge
Michael Addison. 2001. Violent Politics: Strategies of Internal Conflict. Ashgate.
Brian Loveman and Thomas Davies (eds.). 1997. Guerrilla Warfare (3rd Ed.). Wilmington, DE: Scholarly
Resources Books.
Donald Horowitz. 1985. Ethnic Groups in Conflict
Michael E. Brown et al.. 2001. Nationalism and Ethnic Conflict, revised edition.

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Stuart J. Kaufman. 2001. Modern Hatreds: The Symbolic Politics of Ethnic War
Jack Snyder. 2000. From Voting to Violence: Democratization and Nationalist Conflict
Amy Chua. 2003. World on Fire: How Exporting Free Market Democracy Breeds Ethnic Hatred and
Global Instability
Kurt Schock Unarmed Insurrections: People Power Movements in Nondemocracies (University of
Minnesota, 2004).
Charles Tilly, The Politics of Collective Violence, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003.
Jeff Goodwin, No Other Way Out: States and Revolutionary Movements, 1945-1991,
Cambridge University Press, 2001.
Misagh Parsa, States, Ideologies, and Social Revolutions: A Comparative
Analysis of Iran, Nicaragua, and the Philippines. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press, 2000.

Rec.
Mao Zedong. 1971. “Some Questions Concerning Methods of Leadership.” Selected Works of Mao Tse-
Tung. Peking: Foreign Languages Press. Vol III, pp. 117-22.

Week Fourteen:
Thursday April 20 Diffusion and regional effects
Cross-unit/transnational causation, time-series analysis.

1. Kenneth Bollen, “World System Position, Dependency, and Democracy: The Cross-National
Evidence,” American Sociological Review 48 (1983): 468-79.
2. Lev S. Gonick and Robert M. Rosh, “The Structural Constraints of the World-Economy on National
Political Development,” Comparative Political Studies 21 (1988): 171-99.
3. Harvey Starr, “Democratic Dominoes: Diffusion Approaches to the Spread of Democracy in the
International System,” Journal of Conflict Resolution 35:2 (June 1991): 356-381.
4. John O'Loughlin, Michael D. Ward, et al., "The Diffusion of Democracy, 1946-1994," Annals of the
Association of American Geographers, 88:4 (December 1998): 545-74. [The original is in color and is worth
seeing.]
5. Pevehouse, Jon C. 2002. “Democracy from the Outside-In? International Organizations and
Democratization” International Organization, 56/ 3 (Summer): 515-549.

Books:
John Markoff, Waves of Democracy: Social Movements and Political Change (SAGE, 1996);
Laurence Whitehead, ed., The International Dimensions of Democratization: Europe and the Americas
(Oxford UP, 1996).
International Democracy and the West: The Role of Governments, Civil Society, and Multinational
Business. By Richard Youngs. Oxford University Press, 2005.

Recommended Readings:
African Perspectives on Development: Controversies, Dilemmas and Openings Ulf Himmelstrand, Kabiru
Kinyanjui, and Edward Mburugu, eds. London: James Curry Ltd., 1994.
African Politics and Problems in Development Richard L. Sklar and C.S. Whitaker. Boulder: Lynne
Rienner Publishers, 1991.
Chilcote, Ronald H. 1984. Theories of Development and Underdevelopment Boulder, Colorado: Westview
Press.

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Civic Culture Gabriel Almond and Sydney Verba. 1963.
David Collier The New Authoritarianism in Latin America (Princeton, 1979) pp. 1-32
Dube, S.C. 1988. Modernization and Development: The Search for Alternative Paradigms London: Zed
Books and Tokyo: United Nations University.
Feminist Frameworks: Alternative Accounts of the Relations Between Women and Men Edited by Alison
Jaggar and Paula Rothenberg.(New York: McGraw-Hill) 1984. Ch.1 and conclusion
G. Bingham Powell Contemporary Democracies: Participation, Stability and Violence (Cambridge: Harvard
1982)
Hobson, J.A. 1965. Imperialism: A Study Ann Arbor: Ann Arbor Paperbacks, University of
Michigan Press.
Prebisch, R. Hacia una dinamica del desarrollo latinoamericano Mexico, 1963.
Rostow, Walt W. 1960. The Stages of Economic Growth: A Non- Communist Manifesto Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press.
Weiner, Myron, and Samuel P. Huntington (eds.). 1987. Understanding Political Development Boston:
Little Brown.
Mao Zedong. 1971. “Some Questions Concerning Methods of Leadership.” Selected Works of Mao Tse-
Tung. Peking: Foreign Languages Press. Vol III, pp. 117-22.

Papers
You must turn in a copy of your paper to me. In addition, you must submitthe same paper electronically to:
http://turnitin.com/ You must register for turnitin.com before you do this. BOTH COPIES MUST BE RECEIVED BY THE
DEADLINE (5 pm the day before you present). .

Register and then log on to the class. The course number is 1422888 and the password is progress.
Your paper will receive a zero if it is not submitted to turnitin.com.

Adapted from Duke university guidelines for writers,

AVOIDING PLAGIARISM
GATHERING RESEARCH MATERIAL
Take time to make careful choices among -- and learn to use -- the research tools available to you. You will probably
find that your favorite Web search engine is not adequate, by itself, for college-level research. Consult with your professor or
a librarian. You may need to use specialized research tools, some of which may require learning new searching techniques.

Expect to make trips to the library. While you can access many of the library's resources from your home computer, you
may find that you need to make several trips to the library to use materials or research tools that are not accessible remotely.
Of course you will be seeking the best information, not settling for sources simply because they happen to be available
online.

Allow time for gathering materials that are not available at UTD. The Interlibrary Loan office can borrow articles and
books from other libraries, but this process takes additional time.
Allow time for reading, rereading, absorbing information, taking notes, synthesizing, and revising your research strategy or
conducting additional research as new questions arise.

TAKING NOTES

Sloppy note-taking increases the risk that you will unintentionally plagiarize. Unless you
have taken notes carefully, it may be hard to tell whether you copied certain passages exactly, paraphrased them, or wrote

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them yourself. This is especially problematic when using electronic source materials, since they can so easily be copied and
pasted into your own documents.

Identify words that you copy directly from a source by placing quotation marks around them, typing them in a different
color, or highlighting them. (Do this immediately, as you are making your notes. Don't expect to remember, days or weeks
later, what phrases you copied directly.) Make sure to indicate the exact beginning and end of the quoted passage. Copy the
wording, punctuation and spelling exactly as it appears in the original.

Jot down the page number and author or title of the source each time you make a note, even if you are not quoting
directly but are only paraphrasing.

Keep a working bibliography of your sources so that you can go back to them easily when it's time to double-check the
accuracy of your notes. If you do this faithfully during the note-taking phase, you will have no trouble completing the "works
cited" section of your paper later on.

Keep a research log. As you search databases and consult reference books, keep track of whatsearch terms and databases
you used and the call numbers and url's of information sources. This will help if you need to refine your research strategy,
locate a source a second time, or show your professor what works you consulted in the process of completing the project.

DOCUMENTING SOURCES
You must cite direct quotes.

You must cite paraphrases. Paraphrasing is rewriting a passage in your own words. If you paraphrase a passage, you
must still cite the original source of the idea. For detailed examples and a discussion, see Appropriate Uses of Sources.

You must cite ideas given to you in a conversation, in correspondence, or over email.

You must cite sayings or quotations that are not familiar, or facts that are not "common knowledge." However, it is
not necessary to cite a source if you are repeating a well known quote such as Kennedy's "Ask not what your country can do
for you . . .," or a familiar proverb such as "You can't judge a book by its cover." Common knowledge is something that is
widely known. For example, it is common knowledge that Bill Clinton served two terms as president. It would not be
necessary to cite a source for this fact.

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 Printed sources: books, parts of books, magazine or journal articles,
These types of sources should be newspaper articles, letters, diaries, public or private documents.
documented.
Electronic sources: web pages, articles from e-journals, newsgroup
There is a common misconception postings, graphics, email messages, software, databases.
that only printed sources of
information, like books and Images: works of art, illustrations, cartoons, tables, charts, graphs.
magazine articles, need to be
formally cited. In fact, audiovisual Recorded or spoken material: course lectures, films, videos, TV or radio
and electronic sources -- even email broadcasts, interviews, public speeches, conversations.
messages -- must be documented as
well, if you use ideas or words from
them in your writing. Here are some
examples of the kinds of sources
that should be cited:

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