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11. A bacteria culture is known to grow at a rate proportional to the amount present.

After
one hour, 1000 strands of the bacteria are observed in the culture; and after four hours,
3000 strands. Find (a) an expression for the approximate number of strands of the
bacteria present in the culture at any time t and (b) the approximate number of strands
of the bacteria originally in the culture.

12. In 1990 the Department of Natural Resources released 1000 splake (a crossbreed of fish)
into a lake. In 1997 the population of splake in the lake was estimated to be 3000.
Estimate the population of splake in the lake in the year 2020.

13. The rate of change of y is proportional to y. When t = 0, y = 3, and when t =2, y =6. Wha
t is the value of y when t =3?

14. Bacteria in a lab culture grows in such a way that the instantaneous rate of change of ba
cteria is directly proportional to the number of bacteria present.
A.) Write a differential equation that expresses the relationship.
B.) Solve the differential equation for the number of bacteria as a function of time

15. Suppose that a population of fruit flies grows exponentially. If there were 100 flies after
the second day and 300 flies after the fourth day, how many flies were in the original
population?
*Hint: C=100e-2k, substiture this value and solve for k first.

16. Suppose that initially there are 3 million bacteria and 2 hours later that number has gro
wn to 5 million. Write the particular equation that expresses the number of millions of b
acteria as a function of hours. When will the population sample reach 1 billion?

17. In 1980 the population of alligators on the Kennedy Space Center grounds was
estimated to be 1500. In 2006 the population had grown to an estimated 6000. Using
the Malthusian law for population growth, estimate the alligator population on the
Kennedy Space Center grounds in the year 2020.

18. Bacteria in a culture increased from 400 to 1600 in three hours. Assuming that the rate
of increase is directly proportional to the population,
a) Find an appropriate equation to model the population (assuming P0 = 400 at time t = 0).
b) Find the number of bacteria at the end of six hours (t = 6) using the equation found above.

19. A colony of bacteria with originally 100 cells has now grown to 400 in 2 hours. Assuming
the rate of growth is proportional to the present number, nd the number of bacteria in
5 hours from now

20. A certain population grows exponentially. The population grows from 3500 people to
6245 people in 8 years. How long will it take for the original population to double?

11. Radioactive radium has a halflife of approximately1599 years.


What percent of a given amount remains after 100 years?

12. The half-life of plutonium PU-239 is 24,360. If 10 grams of plutonium was released
during the Chernobyl nuclear accident, how long will it take to decay to only 1 gram?
a.) Determine points that could be used to solve the problem
b.) Create a model using y=Cekz
c.) Use the model to determine the value when 1 gram is remaining

13. A manufacturing plant notices its sales dropped from 100000 units per month to 80000
units per month. If the sales follow an exponential pattern of decline, what will they be
after 2 months?

14. This year 500 pounds of Plutonium 239 (nuclear waste) was dumped in the Nevada
desert. The half life of Pu-239 is 24,360 years. How long will it take until there is only 1
pound left?

15. Four months after it stops advertising, a manufacturing company notices that its sales
have dropped from 100,000 units per month to 80,000 units per month. If the sales
follow an exponential pattern of decline, what will they be after another 2 months?

16. If initially there are 300 g of a radioactive substance and after 5 yr there are 200 g
remaining, how much time must elapse before only 10 g remain?

17. Bacteria in a culture increased from 400 to 1600 in three hours. Assuming that the rate
of increase is directly proportional to the population,
a) Find an appropriate equation to model the population (assuming P0 = 400 at time t = 0).
b) Find the number of bacteria at the end of six hours (t = 6) using the equation found above.

18. Living tissue contains two isotopes of carbon, one radioactive and the other stable. (The
ratio of the two being constant). But the radioactive one decays with a half-life of about
5500 years. Find k in y=Cekt

19. You nd a skull in a nearby Native American ancient burial site and with the help of a
spectrometer, discover that the skull contains 9% of the C-14 found in a modern skull.
Assuming that the half life of C-14 (radiocarbon) is 5730 years, how old is the skull?

20. The charcoal from a tree killed in the volcanic eruption that formed that formed Crater
Lake in Oregon contained 44.5% of the carbon-14 found in living matter. About how old
is Crater Lake?

1. Suppose a 120 gallon well-mixed tank initially contains 90 lb. of salt mixed with 90 gal.
of water. Salt water (with a concentration of 2 lb/gal) comes into the tank at a rate of
4gal/min. The solution flows out of the tank at a rate of 3 gal/min. How much salt is in
the tank when it is full?

2. A full 20 liter tank has 20 grams of yellow food coloring dissolved in it. If a yellow food
coloring solution (with a concentration of 2 grams/liter) is piped into the tank at a rate
of 3 liters/minute while the well mixed solution is drained out of the tank at a rate of 3
liters/minute, what is the limiting concentration of yellow food coloring solution in the
tank?

3. Let represent the temperature of an object in a room whose temperature is kept at a


constant 60 degrees. If the object cools from 100 degrees to 90 in 10 minutes, how
much longer will it take for its temperature to decrease to 80 degrees?

4. A 150 gallon tank has 60 gallons of water with 5 pounds of salt dissolved in it. Water
with a concentration of 2 + cos(t) lbs/gal comes into the tank at a rate of 9 gal/hour. If
the well mixed solution leaves the tank at a rate of 6 gal/hour, how much salt is in the
tank when it overflows?

5. A brine solution of salt flows at a constant rate of 6 L/min into a large tank that initially
held 50 L of brine solution in which was dissolved 0.5 kg of salt. The solution inside the
tank is kept well stirred and flows out of the tank at the same rate. If the concentration
of salt in the brine entering the tank is 0.05 kg/L, determine the mass of salt in the tank
after t min. When will the concentration of salt in the tank reach 0.03 kg/L?

6. A brine solution of salt flows at a constant rate of 4 L/min into a large tank that initially
held 100 L of pure water. The solution inside the tank is kept well stirred and flows out
of the tank at a rate of 3 L/min. If the concentration of salt in the brine entering the tank
is 0.2 kg/L, determine the mass of salt in the tank after t min. When will the
concentration of salt in the tank reach 0.1 kg/L?

7. A pot of liquid is put on the stove to boil. The temperature of the liquid reaches 170 oF
and then the pot is taken off the burner and placed on a counter in the kitchen. The
temperature of the air in the kitchen is 76oF. After two minutes the temperature of the
liquid in the pot is 123oF. How long before the temperature of the liquid in the pot will
be 84oF?

8. We start with a tank containing 50 gallons of salt water with the salt concentration
being 2 lb/gal. Salt water with a salt concentration of 3 lb/gal is then poured into the
top of the tank at the rate of 3 gal/min and salt water is at the same time drained from
the bottom of the tank at the rate of 3 gal/min. We will consider the water and salt
mixture in the tank to be well-stirred and at all times to have a uniform concentration of
salt. Find the function S(t) that gives the amount of salt in the tank as a function of time
(t) since we began pouring in salt water at the top and simultaneously draining salt
water from the bottom of the tank. How long before there will be 120 pounds of salt in
the tank?

9. A cold beer initially at 35F warms up to 40F in 3 min while sitting in a room of
temperature 70F.How warm will the beer be if left out for 20 min?

10. A red wine is brought up from the wine cellar, which is a cool 10C, and left to breathe
in a room of temperature 23C. If it takes 10 min for the wine to reach 15C, when will
the temperature of the wine reach 18C?

11. An object of mass 3 kg is released from rest 500 m above the ground and allowed to fall
under the influence of gravity. Assume the gravitational force is constant, with g = 9.81
m/sec2, and the force due to air resistance is proportional to the velocity of the object
with proportionality constant b = 3 N-sec/m. Determine when the object will strike the
ground.

12. A 400-lb object is released from rest 500 ft above the ground and allowed to fall under
the influence of gravity. Assuming that the force in pounds due to air resistance is _10y,
where y is the velocity of the object in ft/sec, determine the equation of motion of the
object. When will the object hit the ground?

13. An object of mass 8 kg is given an upward initial velocity of 20 m/sec and then allowed
to fall under the influence of gravity. Assume that the force in newtons due to air
resistance is -16y, where y is the velocity of the object in m/sec. Determine the equation
of motion of the object. If the object is initially 100 m above the ground, determine
when the object will strike the ground.

14. A shell of mass 2 kg is shot upward with an initial velocity of 200 m/sec. The magnitude
of the force on the shell due to air resistance is [v]/20. When will the shell reach its
maximum height above the ground?

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