Statement of Scope for the Annotated Bibliography

Children are greatly influenced by many things at an early age that they carry with them
through their teenage years. When submerged in an environment for an extended period of time,
teens adapt to their surroundings and that lifestyle becomes normal to them. Attitudes, actions
and beliefs are not only learned, but also taught to future generations. Although many think that
teens relationships are unique and not affected by their relationships with their parents, others
think that teens relationships are greatly impacted by their relationship with their parents.
This essay will explore how parents relationships with teens can affect teens
relationships with others. Teens can be influenced by how their parents communicated or treated
them, which is seen through their relationships with others. I will look at different parenting
styles and how each affect teens. I will also look at how teens relationships with their parents
have affected their relationships in a positive or negative way.
This selected bibliography includes sources that provide proof through completed studies
that explain how parent-teen relationships influence teens relationships. The essay by Knoester,
Haynie, and Stephens addresses how parents relationships with children affect childrens
relational characteristics. The essay by Peters, Hooker, and Zvonkovic shows how parents
relationships with children at a young age affects their relationship in the future as adults. The
essay by Sartor and Youniss analyzes how parent involvement in academic and social activities
affects their childs ability to uncover their identity. The essay by Travis and Combs-Orme
shows how a child absorbs their parents parenting styles and incorporates them when raising
their own children. The essay by Tuttle, Knudson-Martin, and Kim explains how parenting is
more than just actions.

Annotated Bibliography
Knoester, Chris, Dana L. Haynie, and Crystal M. Stephens. Parenting Practices and
Adolescents Friendship Networks. Journal of Marriage and the Family (2006): n. pag.
elibrary. Web. 16 Sept. 2014. Knoester, Haynie, and Stephens analyze the effect parents
have on shaping the characteristics of their childs friendships. Their data shows that
children tend to pick friends based on similar characteristics. Their study also shows that
another key factor to a childs friendship characteristic is the quality and conflict of the
parent-child relationship.
Peters, Cheryl L., Karen Hooker, and Anisa M. Zvonkovic. Older Parents Perceptions of
Ambivalence in Relationships with Their Children. Family Relations (2006): n. pag.
elibrary. Web. 16 Sept. 2014. Peters, Hooker, and Zvonkovic study the relationship
between parents and their adult children. Their study shows that parents tend to use their
childs busy schedule as a reason for the amount of contact that they have with their
children. They use the term ambivalence to explain the parent and child relationships and
to explain the results of their study.
Sartor, Carolyn E., and James Youniss. The Relationship between Positive Parental
Involvement and Identity Achievement during Adolescence. Adolescence 37 (2002):
221. elibrary. Web. 16 Sept. 2014. Sartor and Youniss describe a study done on how
adolescent identity is related to parental involvement and support. Their study shows that
the more involved parents are in their childs academic and social activities, the more
likely the child will know their identity, no matter the gender or age of the child. They
also describe how parental support and knowledge of childrens daily activities are key to
childrens identity achievement.

Travis, Wendy J., and Terri Combs-Orme. Resilient Parenting: Overcoming Poor Parental
Bonding. Social Work Research (2007): n. pag. elibrary. Web. 16 Sept. 2014. Travis
and Combs-Orme conduct a study to see how different parenting styles affect their
children and their childrens parenting styles. Their study shows that parenting styles that
included harsh words and abuse were usually linked to their own childhood experiences
and carried forward when raising their own children. They also mention that high levels
of stress creates insecure bonds between parents and their children.
Tuttle, Amy R., Carmen Knudson-Martin, and Lana Kim. Parenting as Relationship: A
Framework for Assessment and Practice. Family Process (2012): n. pag. elibrary. Web.
16 Sept. 2014. Tuttle, Knudson-Martin, and Kim analyze how parenting is more than just
actions, but also a relationship with the child. They also analyze all of the many factors
that go into having a parent-child relationship, like the gender of the parent and child and
the influence of social context such as their culture or religion. They also address the idea
of relational orientations and how it impacts the relationship between the parent and
child.