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DIgSILENT

Distribution Power System

Load Flow Calculation

DIgSILENT
PowerFactory
14.1.3

Project: Example
Date:

11/20/2012

Complete System Report: Substations, Voltage Profiles, Grid Interchange

AC Load Flow, balanced, positive sequence


Automatic Tap Adjust of Transformers
Consider Reactive Power Limits

Grid: Distribution Power S System Stage: Distribution Po


rated
Voltage
Bus-voltage
[kV] [p.u.]
[kV]
[deg]

Automatic Model Adaptation for Convergence


Max. Acceptable Load Flow Error for
Nodes
Model Equations

No
No

Study Case: Load Flow

No
1.00 kVA
0.10 %

Annex:

Active Reactive Power


Power
Power
Factor Current Loading
[MW]
[Mvar]
[-]
[kA]
[%]

Ldf

/ 1

Additional Data

MV
BB1l
20.00
Cubicle/Coup
Cubicle/Coup
BB1r
20.00
Cubicle/Coup
BB2l
20.00
Cubicle/Coup
Cubicle/Coup
Cub 1 /Lne
Cub 3 /Lne
Cub 2 /Tr2
BB2r
20.00
Cubicle/Coup
Cub 12 /Lne

1.02
C1
Cb-F4
1.02
C1
1.02
C2
Cb-F4
MV-K1
MV-K4
NT1
1.02
C2
MV-K7

20.43

-1.34

20.43

-1.34

20.43

-1.34

20.43

0.00
-0.00

0.00
-0.00

1.00
-1.00

0.00
0.00

0.00
0.00

-0.00

0.00

-1.00

0.00

0.00

0.53
0.00
6.13
0.80
-7.46

0.02
0.00
4.74
0.27
-5.04

1.00
1.00
0.79
0.95
-0.83

0.02
0.00
0.22
0.02
0.25

0.00
0.00
78.73
8.99
33.76

-0.53
0.53

-0.02
0.02

-1.00
1.00

0.02
0.02

0.00
6.52

1.00
2.00
-6.01
3.01

0.48
1.50
-4.88
2.90

0.90
0.80
-0.78
0.72

0.03
0.07
0.22
0.12

78.73
43.11

Pl0:
Pl0:
Pv:
Pv:

3.00

1.98

0.05
-0.05
-0.00

0.04
-0.02
-0.01

0.80
-0.91
-0.03

0.09
0.08
0.02

4.46
1.17

Pl0:
Pv:
Pv:

Pv:
Pv:
Tap:

111.96 kW
0.84 kW
-5.00

cLod:
cLod:
Min:

0.22 Mvar L:
0.13 Mvar L:
0
Max:

5.00 km
3.00 km
16

0.95 kW

cLod:

0.36 Mvar L:

8.00 km

Ql0:
Ql0:
cLod:
cLod:

0.48
1.50
0.22
0.09

Mvar
Mvar
Mvar L:
Mvar L:

5.00 km
2.00 km

Ql0:
0.04 Mvar
cLod: -0.00 Mvar L:
cLod: -0.00 Mvar L:

2.00 km
3.00 km

-1.34
Pv:

Airport
Cub
Cub
Cub
Cub

1
2
3
4

20.00
/Lod
/Lod
/Lne
/Lne

1.00
20.07
Feeder A
Feeder B
MV-K1
MV-K2
Total
Load:

-1.29

0.98
KV101
K101a
K101b

27.77

1.00
2.00
111.96
13.47

MW
MW
kW
kW

Baker Str.
Cub 1
Cub 2
Cub 3

0.40
/Lod
/Lne
/Lne

0.39

0.05 MW
0.08 kW
0.01 kW

Grid: Distribution Power S System Stage: Distribution Po

Study Case: Load Flow

Annex:

Ldf

rated
Voltage
Bus-voltage
[kV] [p.u.]
[kV]
[deg]

Active Reactive Power


Power
Power
Factor Current Loading
[MW]
[Mvar]
[-]
[kA]
[%]

20.00
/Lne
/Lne
/Tr2
/Tr2

1.02
20.41
MV-K5
MV-K4
LV-T2
LV-T1

-1.35
0.46
-0.80
0.17
0.17

0.16
-0.41
0.12
0.12

0.94
-0.89
0.81
0.81

0.01
0.03
0.01
0.01

5.24
8.99
51.75
51.75

Pv:
Pv:
Tap:
Tap:

0.19 kW
0.84 kW
0.00
0.00

cLod:
cLod:
Min:
Min:

0.40
/Tr2
/Tr2
/Lne
/Lne

0.99
LV-T1
LV-T2
K101a
K201a

27.78

1
2
3
4

-0.17
-0.17
0.05
0.29

-0.12
-0.12
0.02
0.21

-0.82
-0.82
0.91
0.81

0.30
0.30
0.08
0.53

51.75
51.75
4.46
29.19

Tap:
Tap:
Pv:
Pv:

0.00
0.00
0.08 kW
6.38 kW

Min:
-1
Min:
-1
cLod: -0.00 Mvar
cLod: -0.00 Mvar

20.00
/Lne
/Tr2
/Lne
/Tr2

1.02
20.40
MV-K5
LV-T3
MV-K3
LV-T4

-1.36

1
2
3
4

-0.46
0.23
-0.00
0.23

-0.25
0.13
-0.00
0.13

-0.88
0.88
-1.00
0.88

0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01

5.24
64.58
0.87
64.58

Pv:
Tap:
Pv:
Tap:

0.19 kW
0.00
0.00 kW
0.00

0.40
/Tr2
/Tr2
/Branch

0.98
LV-T3
LV-T4
K300

27.43
-0.23
-0.23
0.46

-0.12
-0.12
0.24

-0.89
-0.89
0.89

0.38
0.38
0.75

64.58
64.58
41.92

Tap:
Tap:
Pv:

0.00
0.00
7.43 kW

0.40
/Tr2
/Lne
/Branch

0.99
0.39
LV-T5
K101b
K201bc

27.74
-0.53
0.00
0.53

-0.36
0.01
0.35

-0.82
0.03
0.83

0.94
0.02
0.93

53.57
1.17
51.46

Tap:
Pv:
Pv:

0.00
0.01 kW
11.17 kW

1.02
20.39
MV-K7
LV-T5

-1.37
-0.53
0.53

-0.38
0.38

-0.81
0.81

0.02
0.02

6.52
53.57

Pv:
Tap:

0.95 kW
0.00

/ 2

Additional Data

Central
Cub
Cub
Cub
Cub

3
4
5
6

0.09 Mvar L:
0.13 Mvar L:
-1
Max:
-1
Max:

2.00 km
3.00 km
2
2

Central-MV
Cub
Cub
Cub
Cub

0.39

Max:
Max:
L:
L:

2
2
2.00 km
4.00 km

cLod:
Min:
cLod:
Min:

0.09 Mvar L:
-1
Max:
0.09 Mvar L:
-1
Max:

2.00 km
2
2.00 km
2

Min:
Min:
cLod:

-1
Max:
-1
Max:
0.00 Mvar L:

2
2
2.30 km

Min:
-1
Max:
cLod: -0.00 Mvar L:
cLod: 0.00 Mvar L:

2
3.00 km
2.00 km

cLod:
Min:

8.00 km
2

East
Cub
Cub
Cub
Cub
East-LV
Cub 1
Cub 2
Cub 3

0.39

RW-South
Cub 3
Cub 5
Cub 6

RW-South MV
20.00
Cub 1 /Lne
Cub 4 /Tr2

0.36 Mvar L:
-1
Max:

Grid: Distribution Power S System Stage: Distribution Po


rated
Voltage
Bus-voltage
[kV] [p.u.]
[kV]
[deg]
Railway Station
0.40
Cub 3 /Lod
Cub 4 /Lod
Cub 2 /Lne
Cub 5 /Branch

0.96
0.39
27.75
J. Carter Str.
A. Lincoln Str.
K201a
K201bc
Total
Load:

Study Case: Load Flow

Annex:

Active Reactive Power


Power
Power
Factor Current Loading
[MW]
[Mvar]
[-]
[kA]
[%]

0.50
0.30
-0.28
-0.52

0.24
0.31
-0.21
-0.34

0.80

0.55

0.40
-0.40

Ldf

/ 3

Additional Data

0.90
0.70
-0.81
-0.83

0.83
0.64
0.53
0.93

29.19
51.46

Pl0:
Pl0:
Pv:
Pv:

0.19
-0.19

0.90
-0.90

0.66
0.66

41.92

Pl0:
Pv:

0.50
0.30
6.38
11.17

MW
MW
kW
kW

Ql0:
0.24 Mvar
Ql0:
0.31 Mvar
cLod: -0.00 Mvar L:
cLod: 0.00 Mvar L:

4.00 km
2.00 km

0.40 MW
7.43 kW

Ql0:
cLod:

0.19 Mvar
0.00 Mvar L:

2.30 km

Ql0:
cLod:
cLod:

3.06 Mvar
0.09 Mvar L:
0.09 Mvar L:

2.00 km
2.00 km

Recrat.
Cub 1
Cub 2

0.40
/Lod
/Branch

0.97
0.39
Recr. Area
K300

27.31

20.00
/Lod
/Lne
/Lne

1.00
19.99
-1.26
Industrial Area
MV-K2
MV-K3

3.00
-3.00
0.00

3.06
-2.97
-0.09

0.70
-0.71
0.00

0.12
0.12
0.00

43.11
0.87

Pl0:
Pv:
Pv:

3.00 MW
13.47 kW
0.00 kW

0.52
-0.52
-0.00

0.35
-0.35
-0.00

0.83
-0.83
-1.00

0.93
0.93
0.00

51.46
51.46
0.00

Pv:
Pv:
Pv:

5.58 kW
5.58 kW
0.00 kW

cLod: -0.00 Mvar L:


cLod: -0.00 Mvar L:
cLod: -0.00 Mvar L:

1.00 km
1.00 km
0.50 km

0.40
-0.40
0.00

0.20
-0.20
0.00

0.90
-0.90
1.00

0.66
0.66
0.00

36.87
36.87
0.00

Pv:
Pv:
Pv:

2.87 kW
0.86 kW
0.00 kW

cLod: -0.00 Mvar L:


cLod: -0.00 Mvar L:
cLod: -0.00 Mvar L:

1.00 km
0.30 km
0.50 km

0.05
0.40
-0.45

0.04
0.20
-0.23

0.80
0.90
-0.89

0.09
0.66
0.75

36.87
41.92

Pl0:
Pv:
Pv:

0.05 MW
0.86 kW
3.71 kW

Ql0:
0.04 Mvar
cLod: -0.00 Mvar L:
cLod: -0.00 Mvar L:

0.30 km
1.00 km

West
Cub 3
Cub 1
Cub 2
K201bc
Term.
Cub
Cub
Cub

S
2
1
3

0.40
/Lne
/Lne
/Lne

0.97
0.39
K201b
K201c
Sp. Coup.

27.74

K300
Term.
Cub
Cub
Cub

S
2
1
3

0.40
/Lne
/Lne
/Lne

0.97
0.39
K300c
K300b
Sp. Coup.

27.36

Term.
Cub
Cub
Cub

S
3
2
1

0.40
/Lod
/Lne
/Lne

0.98
KV301
K300b
K300a

27.38

0.39

DIgSILENT

Distribution Power System

Load Flow Calculation


No
No

Grid: Distribution Power S System Stage: Distribution Po

MV
BB1l
BB1r
BB2l
BB2r
Airport

Bus - voltage
[p.u.]
[kV] [deg]

20.00
20.00
20.00
20.00

1.022
1.022
1.022
1.022

20.43
20.43
20.43
20.43

-1.34
-1.34
-1.34
-1.34

20.00

1.004

20.07

-1.29

0.40

0.985

0.39

27.77

20.00

1.020

20.41

-1.35

0.40

0.987

0.39

27.78

20.00

1.020

20.40

-1.36

0.40

0.985

0.39

27.43

0.40

0.985

0.39

27.74

20.00

1.020

20.39

-1.37

0.40

0.965

0.39

27.75

0.40

0.967

0.39

27.31

20.00

1.000

19.99

-1.26

0.40

0.975

0.39

27.74

0.40
0.40

0.974
0.976

0.39
0.39

27.36
27.38

Baker Str.
Central
Central-MV
East
East-LV
RW-South
RW-South MV
Railway Station
Recrat.
West
K201bc
Term. Strip 3
K300
Term. Strip 2
Term. Strip 1

Project: Example
Date:

11/20/2012

Complete System Report: Substations, Voltage Profiles, Grid Interchange

AC Load Flow, balanced, positive sequence


Automatic Tap Adjust of Transformers
Consider Reactive Power Limits

rtd.V
[kV]

DIgSILENT
PowerFactory
14.1.3

Automatic Model Adaptation for Convergence


Max. Acceptable Load Flow Error for
Nodes
Model Equations
Study Case: Load Flow
-10

-5

Annex:
Voltage - Deviation [%]
0
+5

No
1.00 kVA
0.10 %
Ldf
+10

/ 4

DIgSILENT

Distribution Power System

Load Flow Calculation


No
No

Grid: Distribution Power S System Stage: Distribution Po

0.40

0.00
0.00

0.00
0.00

Date:

11/20/2012

Motor
Load
[MW]/
[Mvar]

Load
[MW]/
[Mvar]

0.00
0.00

1.30
0.82

Compensation
[MW]/
[Mvar]
0.00
0.00

External
Infeed
[MW]/
[Mvar]

Automatic Model Adaptation for Convergence


Max. Acceptable Load Flow Error for
Nodes
Model Equations
Study Case: Load Flow
Interchange
to

0.00
0.00

6.00
5.04

0.00
0.00

Power
Interchange
[MW]/
[Mvar]

115.00 kV
115.00

0.00
0.00

0.00
0.00

0.00
0.00

0.00
0.00

7.47
6.04

Total:

0.00
0.00

0.00
0.00

7.30
5.86

0.00
0.00

7.47
6.04

1.00 kVA
0.10 %
Ldf

Load
Losses
[MW]/
[Mvar]

Noload
Losses
[MW]/
[Mvar]

-1.33
-0.83

0.03
0.02
0.01
0.04

0.03
0.02
0.01
0.04

0.00
0.00
-0.00
0.00

1.33
0.87
-7.46
-5.04

0.13
-0.88
0.01
0.04
0.01
1.00

0.13
0.09
0.01
0.04
0.01
0.28

-0.00
-0.97
-0.00
0.00
-0.00
0.72

0.00
0.00

0.00
0.00

0.00
0.00

0.17
0.17

0.17
0.43

-0.00
-0.25

0.00
0.00
0.40 kV

Annex:

No

Total
Losses
[MW]/
[Mvar]

0.00
0.00
20.00 kV

20.00

Project: Example

Complete System Report: Substations, Voltage Profiles, Grid Interchange

AC Load Flow, balanced, positive sequence


Automatic Tap Adjust of Transformers
Consider Reactive Power Limits

Volt. Generation
Level
[MW]/
[kV]
[Mvar]

DIgSILENT
PowerFactory
14.1.3

0.00
-0.00

/ 5

DIgSILENT

Distribution Power System

Load Flow Calculation

Project: Example
Date:

11/20/2012

Complete System Report: Substations, Voltage Profiles, Grid Interchange

AC Load Flow, balanced, positive sequence


Automatic Tap Adjust of Transformers
Consider Reactive Power Limits

Automatic Model Adaptation for Convergence


Max. Acceptable Load Flow Error for
Nodes
Model Equations

No
No

Grid: Transmission Power S System Stage: System Stage fo


rated
Voltage
Bus-voltage
[kV] [p.u.]
[kV]
[deg]

DIgSILENT
PowerFactory
14.1.3

Study Case: Load Flow

No
1.00 kVA
0.10 %

Annex:

Active Reactive Power


Power
Power
Factor Current Loading
[MW]
[Mvar]
[-]
[kA]
[%]

Ldf

/ 6

Additional Data

HV
BB2
115.00
Feeder /Lod
Cubicle/Coup
Feeder /Lne
Feeder /Lne
Feeder /Tr2
Feeder /Tr2
BB1
115.00
Feeder /Xnet
Couplin/Coup
Feeder /Lne
Feeder /Lne
Feeder /Lne

1.00 115.00
0.00
Allgemeine Last
K-LS
KBT2
KEBO2
NT1
NT2
1.00 115.00
0.00
Ext. Netw.
K-LS
KBT1
KBT3
KEBO1

0.00
-7.47

0.00
-6.04

1.00
-0.78

0.00
0.05

Pl0:

25.00 MW

Ql0:

-5.00
-5.00

cLod:
cLod:
Min:
Min:

12.00 Mvar

0.00

7.47
0.00

6.04
0.00

0.78
1.00

0.05
0.00

33.76
0.00

7.47
7.47

6.04
6.04

0.78
0.78

0.05
0.05

0.00

Pv:
Pv:
Tap:
Tap:
Sk":
Pv:
Pv:
Pv:

0
0

L:
L:
Max:
Max:

0.08 km
0.08 km
16
16

L:
L:
L:

0.08 km
0.08 km
0.08 km

2000.00 MVA
cLod:
cLod:
cLod:

DIgSILENT

Distribution Power System

Load Flow Calculation


No
No

Grid: Transmission Power S System Stage: System Stage fo

HV
BB2
BB1

115.00
115.00

Project: Example
Date:

11/20/2012

Complete System Report: Substations, Voltage Profiles, Grid Interchange

AC Load Flow, balanced, positive sequence


Automatic Tap Adjust of Transformers
Consider Reactive Power Limits

rtd.V
[kV]

DIgSILENT
PowerFactory
14.1.3

Bus - voltage
[p.u.]
[kV] [deg]
1.000
1.000

115.00
115.00

0.00
0.00

Automatic Model Adaptation for Convergence


Max. Acceptable Load Flow Error for
Nodes
Model Equations
Study Case: Load Flow
-10

-5

Annex:
Voltage - Deviation [%]
0
+5

No
1.00 kVA
0.10 %
Ldf
+10

/ 7

DIgSILENT

Distribution Power System

Load Flow Calculation


No
No

Grid: Transmission Power S System Stage: System Stage fo

115.00

0.00
0.00

0.00
0.00

Date:

11/20/2012

Motor
Load
[MW]/
[Mvar]

Load
[MW]/
[Mvar]

0.00
0.00

0.00
0.00

Compensation
[MW]/
[Mvar]
0.00
0.00

External
Infeed
[MW]/
[Mvar]

Automatic Model Adaptation for Convergence


Max. Acceptable Load Flow Error for
Nodes
Model Equations
Study Case: Load Flow
Interchange
to

0.00
0.00

0.00
0.00

0.00
0.00

Annex:

Power
Interchange
[MW]/
[Mvar]

0.00
0.00

No
1.00 kVA
0.10 %
Ldf

Total
Losses
[MW]/
[Mvar]

Load
Losses
[MW]/
[Mvar]

Noload
Losses
[MW]/
[Mvar]

7.47
6.04

0.00
0.00
0.01
1.00

0.00
0.00
0.01
0.28

0.00
0.00
-0.00
0.72

-0.00
0.00

0.00
0.00

0.00
0.00

0.00
0.00

0.00
0.00
20.00 kV

Total:

Project: Example

Complete System Report: Substations, Voltage Profiles, Grid Interchange

AC Load Flow, balanced, positive sequence


Automatic Tap Adjust of Transformers
Consider Reactive Power Limits

Volt. Generation
Level
[MW]/
[kV]
[Mvar]

DIgSILENT
PowerFactory
14.1.3

/ 8

DIgSILENT

Distribution Power System

Load Flow Calculation


No
No

Total System Summary

[MW]/
[Mvar]

Project: Example
Date:

11/20/2012

Complete System Report: Substations, Voltage Profiles, Grid Interchange

AC Load Flow, balanced, positive sequence


Automatic Tap Adjust of Transformers
Consider Reactive Power Limits

Generation

DIgSILENT
PowerFactory
14.1.3

Automatic Model Adaptation for Convergence


Max. Acceptable Load Flow Error for
Nodes
Model Equations
Study Case: Load Flow

Motor
Load
[MW]/
[Mvar]

Load
[MW]/
[Mvar]

Compensation
[MW]/
[Mvar]

External
Infeed
[MW]/
[Mvar]

Inter Area
Flow
[MW]/
[Mvar]

Annex:
Total
Losses
[MW]/
[Mvar]

No
1.00 kVA
0.10 %
Ldf

Load
Losses
[MW]/
[Mvar]

Noload
Losses
[MW]/
[Mvar]

\Demo\Detailed Power System (English)\Network Model\Network Data\Distribution Power System


0.00
0.00
7.30
0.00
7.47
0.00
0.00
0.00
5.86
0.00
6.04
-0.00

0.17
0.17

0.17
0.43

-0.00
-0.25

\Demo\Detailed Power System (English)\Network Model\Network Data\Transmission Power System


0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
-0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

0.00
0.00

0.00
0.00

0.00
0.00

0.17
0.17

0.17
0.43

-0.00
-0.25

Total:
0.00
0.00

0.00
0.00

7.30
5.86

0.00
0.00

7.47
6.04

/ 9

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