ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABLE DESIGN

[ARC 1413]
Project 1: My community My Commitment
Exploring the sense of environmental and community engagement as
future designer

Innovation for Generation

PROJECT REPORT

Group members:
Alexander Chung Siang Yee

1003A78541

Evelyn Sinugroho

0318217

Jillian Goh Joon Jin

0901G69895

Julia Shenjaya

0317774

Liau Wen Bin

0319062

Lim Choon Wah

0311265

Lim Ming Chek

0317743

Ling Yuan Ming

0318758

Wong Teng Chun

0318538

Page 1

Table of Contents:
TITLE

PAGE

1. INTRODUCTION

36

2. PROBLEM STATEMENT & OBJECTIVES

7 15

3. PROGRESS OF SOLUTIONS & RESULTS

16 - 22

4. LIFE CYCLE ANALYSIS

23 - 29

5. WORK PROGRESS

30 - 33

6. BUDGET & EXPENSES

34 - 38

7. REFLECTION & ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

39 - 41

8. REFERENCES

42 43

9. ATTACHMENTS

44 - 45

Page 2

1. INTRODUCTION

Page 3

My Community My Commitment Project Proposal

Environmental-community service is a concept that has existed for quite some

time. However, it is only until recent years that have seen its importance grow.
Organizations based on this environmental-community service covers a wide range.
Examples of these organizations are social service organizations, non-profit
providers and associations, after-school programs and faith based organizations.
This means that people of all ages are part of the process of community service.
Benefits of the process are not only felt by individuals but also the society. In other
words, Environmental-community service can be classified as a service that is
carried out with the intention of benefitting the public. In a way, community service a
method for an individual to contribute to the community. There are many methods in
doing this which includes mural painting on school walls, cleaning and painting of
orphanages, building a small bench for students in school, collecting items for charity
or just a simple clean up in a park. An individual's personality is one of the main
benefactor from environmental-community services. This is because environmentalcommunity service helps improve an individual's communicative skills, ability to open
up and work in a team as well as improve an individual's leadership capabilities.
Application of the things taught in the class to real problems increases students'
skills and knowledge while aiding them to not only give a hand to people from the
community but also place themselves as engaged citizens of the world.

1.1 OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT

1. To increase awareness of current environmental issues locally
2.

To induce creativity in attempting to explore the current environmental

circumstances
3. To allow students to explore the opportunity to work with the community and for
the community
4.

To create awareness of the importance of creating and environmentally

sustainable product/design/services
5.

To be able to understand and explain the principles of sustainability from

environmental and social perspective

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1.2 ORGANIZATION

St.Barnabas is a Christian Church and a shelter for children. It was launched

in year 1997 and located at Jalan Dato Hamzah, Kawasan 1, Klang, Selangor. St.
Barnabas home is a three-storey building adjacent to St Barnabas Church, Klang.
The place is surrounded by three different religious places; which includes an IndianMuslim Mosque, a Hindu Temple, and a Sikh Gudwara.
St.Barnabas shelter home provides a temporary shelter, food, and education
for children below the age of 17. They also provide religious education for the
children. The facilities of the church, such as the common grand hall and the outdoor
area, are being utilized to run a day school where children from five to seventeen
years old attend to receive education at a low rate.

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1.3 REASONS WHY ENGAGE THIS SITE

More and more children are left abandoned in the cold, ruthless streets as
days pass. Most of them are left to survive on their own without compassion. This
has been an issue worldwide and luckily for some in Malaysia, a few kind-hearted
souls have decided to open up to take in these children. St. Barnabas shelter homes
sole desire is to provide food, shelter and education to these children. The shelter
uses its own special way to communicate and interact with these children. Being in
this field for nearly two decades, they know and understand as well as able to
provide what the children really need; which is attention. Have we ever really thought
about how fortunate we all are, what we have back then when we were still children,
especially the love and care from people all around us while looking at these
underprivileged?
Thus, the reason why we chose SB Shelter Home as our site is to help and
support, be a part of the compassionate community to provide the children the ideal
environment all children deserve to get. The scale and scope of this project (SB
Shelter Home) is befitting for the projects requirements and our resources as
students. We believe that SB Shelter Home will provide great opportunity for us to
make a difference as creative beings and also diligent members of the society.

Page 6

2. PROBLEM STATEMENTS
& OBJECTIVES

Page 7

2.1 IDENTIFIED ISSUES

A. UNUSED SPACES at BOYS and GIRLS CORRIDOR

This unused area of the shelter home is actually an extension of the corridors caused by the
arrangement of the rooms of the home. As it is a small area right at the corner of the building
and there is pretty much nothing to do at that area, this area has been left unroamed all
these while. The colors of the walls in this area also looked very run down and unattractive.
Because of the lack of activity of this area, the children will not come to this area even if it is
repainted. Therefore, this place became our main focus in recreating this space for the
childrens usage.

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B. ABANDONED POND

The pond was originally donated to rear fishes and to beautify the outdoor. However,
with the busy schedule occupying guardians and their lack of knowledge in the pond
filter system; this has led to unintentional negligence of the pond which caused the
water in the pond to stagnate. To prevent mosquitoes from breeding, the pond was
put out of use with the water drained out. Soil eventually accumulated inside the
empty pond over time and the whole area looked really miserable. To add to its
misery, this area somewhat turned into a disposal place where the children would
litter garbage after school for their own convenience and something definitely
needed to be done to save this abandoned pond.

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C. RUSTY PLAYGROUND EQUIPMENT

Due to the everyday usage of this equipment by the kids, the equipment is bound to
wear-and-tear. It is also under-maintained and over time it became rusty, resulting
the colour to become really dull. Furthermore, if the children injured themselves while
unknowingly exposed to the rust, it could turn out to be a life threatening incident as
they may suffer from medical conditions like tetanus and others caused by the
hazardous particles present in rust. The kids also constantly stain their clothes and
hands whenever they play with this equipment.

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10

2.2 PROPOSED SOLUTIONS

A. UTILIZE THE EMPTY SPACE
The newly transformed corridor will serve its intended purpose at instilling creativity
in the children from a young age and the design will sustain for future generations.

(i) Mural Painting at the corridor walls

The proposed mural paintings were a painting of Noahs ark and a painting of Jesus
with children. The reason we chose the painting of Jesus and children was a
symbolism of a warm-hearted welcome given by Jesus to every child who lives there.
It shows that Jesus will always take care of them and will never abandon them, just
like the St. Barnabas shelter home.

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Another reason why we selected Noahs Ark was because of the legend of how the
ark saved them from the flood tragedy. St. Barnabas home is seen as an ark that
carries and saves all of the children from the darkness of the world.
The very meaning of every painting represents the vision and mission of St.
Barnabas and we are glad that they have accepted it with all their heart.

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(ii) Drawing Boards

During our first visit at St. Barnabas, we found that there were fewer activities for the
children and decided to utilize the unused space such as the corridors located at the
boys and girls floor. So we decided to design an activity for them, which is drawing
on the walls. Drawings benefits include using creative arts to express one self and
also using it as an outlet to release stress.
We then decided to combine this concept with the mural paintings so children
will be inspired by the paintings. Adhesive black boards were used for boys who
were ranged at a younger age so they can handle non-toxic chalks easier; while the
white boards were used for the girls who were ranged at an older age as they will be
more familiar with markers.

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B. ROCK GARDEN CONCEPT

The proposed solution is to refurbish the abandoned pond into a rock garden.

This idea stemmed from the initial proposal of turning the place into a small
plantation area, combined with rocks. However, knowing the guardians busy
schedule, the plants may wilt and end up being neglected as well. In the end, no
plants were used due to the shallow depth of the soil and the entire pond was
covered with stones and suitable garden ornaments.

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C. REPAINTING PLAYGROUND EQUIPMENTS

The reason why we chose Nippon paint is because Nippon is a very reliable brand
for paint. It is also known to be fungus resistant and is highly durable. Based on
experience, Nippon has a very striking colour as well as a very nice finish to the paint.
We used Nippon High Gloss Metal Paint for the obvious reason that we are
repainting a metal structure. This particular paint also has a shiny finish to it which is
what we want to make the playground equipment looks inviting to play with. We also
chose two colours to paint the equipments to match it with the other equipments
there mainly the swing.

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2. PROGRESS OF SOLUTIONS
& RESULTS

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16

A. MURAL PAINTING (BOYS AREA)

Materials:
Bristle Brush
Dr Grad acrylic paint

Gridlines are measured accordingly

to the dimensions of the boards &
laid out using strings.

Image of painting is drawn by

leader, Evelyn, onto the wall as
reference for members involved.

Strings are removed and the mural

painting on the wall commences with
Evelyn Sinugroho mixing acrylic
paint to be applied onto the drawn
mural.

Lastly, outline is added to the

finished painting.

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17

Materials:
Blackboard Removable 2m Vinyl Wall Sticker
Chalkboard free 5 chalks
PVC casing

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18

A. MURAL PAINTING (GIRLS AREA)

Image of painting is drawn

onto the wall as reference.

Work is spreaded out evenly so the

wall is painted with a consistent
colour.

7.2 TRANSFORMATION OF SITE

Commencement of mural painting

on the wall and members being
familiar with acrylic paint is able to
finish up the painting here faster
than the boys area.

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19

Outline is added to the finished

painting.

B. DRAWING BOARDS (GIRLS AREA)

Protective sheets are removed

from the boards.

Double sided-tape is applied to the edges.

Materials:
Removable Vinyl Whiteboard Sticker
PVC casing

White boards are sticked to the

wall.

4
Page
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The installed white boards are now ready for

the kids to draw with the provided marker
pens.

C. ROCK GARDEN CONCEPT

The pond Is cleared off rubbish and fallen

leaves. It was thoroughly removed of
weeds.
Materials:
Rocks

Members wanted to have some green

plants but the depth of the soil at the
pond is too shallow (as shown in the
photo).

Rocks were carried in different batches and

placed into the garden until it is completely
covered.

The rocks were then arranged in a

hierarchy manner where the heavier ones
remain at the bottom.

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D. REPAINTING PLAYGROUND EQUIPMENTS

Old paint was scrapped off as it is a

basic necessity for a smooth paint job.

Materials:
Nippon Paint

Red paint is painted first to

prevent mixture of colours.
However due to heavy rain, the
paint had to be redone the next
visit.

Yellow paint is then added as all

the parts with the supposed red
paint were done.

Completion of the playground

equipment.

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22

4. LIFE CYCLE ANALYSIS

Page
23

A. PAINT

Figure 1 LCA of paint

Paint is a sustainable material because it is mainly made up of natural

components such as natural resins, binders, pigments, solvent and additives. Binder
is a component that must be present in paint as it imparts adhesion and influences
toughness, durability, flexibility and gloss. Resins such as alkyds, acrylics, vinylacrylics, vinyl acetate/ethylene (VAE), polyurethanes, polyesters, melamine resins,
epoxy, or oils help the paint to dry faster. Pigments are added to provide colour as
well as controlling gloss. Solvents are substances that are added for dissolving,
separating or diluting. Additives are added to improve the quality of the paint.
Additives improve paint by modifying its surface tension, pigment stability, the
finished product and many other properties. The advantages of using paint include
the availability of paint around as paint is available in a wide assortment and can be
formulated to meet any colour. Paint also act as an excellent protectant against
harsh elements thus making an object more resistant and durable.

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It is very important to know the origin of paint product. In general, 90% of the
house is painted both on the interior and exterior. There are 4 main steps in the
process of manufacturing paint. The first step is making the paste. This is done by
premixing pigment with resin, solvents and additives. The second step is dispersing
the pigment. After obtaining the paste from the first step, it is routed into a sand mill
to grind pigment particles to make them smaller and disperse them throughout the
mixture. The next step will be thinning the paste. This step agitates the paste with
solvent to be thinned and produce the type of paint desired which is the final product.
The last step in the manufacturing process of paint is canning the paint. This is done
so that the paint can be distributed easily. For quality control, paint is inspected for
its grind fineness, dispersion, viscosity and density. Although in the making process
it releases lots of harmful toxins once the material is completed it can be 100%
recycled.
Consequently from the manufacture of paint, volatile organic compounds
(VOCs) are discharged into the environment. Estimations of all coatings, stains and
varnishes are accountable for 1.8% of the 2.3 million metric tons of volatile organic
compounds released every year. Due to this, a new regulation has been imposed
permits only 250 grams of solvent for each liter of paint. After this regulation was
imposed, paint manufacturers are trying to replace the solvent with pigments, fillers
or other solids inherent to the basic paint formula. This produces thicker paints that
are more difficult to apply. There also ways in which consumers can contribute for
example applying paint in an enclosed area where the volatile organic compound
released can be retrieved. On the manufacturers side, an in-house wastewater
treatment facility that treats all liquids generated on-site will have to be installed.

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B. STONE

Figure 2: LCA of stone

Stone is a building material that is used for its durability and its natural artistic
aesthetic. Since stone can found from nature, it meets the sustainability standard for
building materials. Stone is a very string and hard material with high density which
makes it a material that provides a lot of protection. There are many advantages of
using stone.
The advantages of stone include stone being ecological in nature. Stone is
originated by nature hence no energy is needed for its production. This also means
that no amount of stone is lost in the procedure of natural stone quarrying and
processing.
Another advantage to using stone is that it is environmentally friendly as it is a
natural material and holds no harmful toxic substances. Supplementary chemicals
are also not needed to safely coat it.

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The next advantage of using stone is that it is available in a wide range. It is in

many different shades and structures. The different surface finishing also contributes
to its vast variety of stones available. Other than that, using stone also has an
advantage in such a way that it retains its natural beautiful coating which makes it
have a long lasting life. In addition, stone has a 3D effect. Stone can be produced in
any desired shapes as well as sizes. This three dimensionality causes natural stones
to be able to provide an interesting light and shade effect which makes the
environment have a natural aesthetic to it.
The last advantage to stone usage is that it is reasonably priced. Due to the
long lasting life of stone, high cost of investments are set off by the meagre longterm repair and maintenance cost. Furthermore, the cost of cleaning and
maintenance is also very low. Unwanted or additional stone can easily be recycled to
be used for another purpose.

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C. PLASTIC

Figure 3 LCA of plastic

Plastics although usually not biodegradable are a product of nature. The main
components used to manufacture plastic are raw materials like cellulose, coal,
natural gas, crude oil and salt which are all naturally occurring. The many
advantages of using plastic include plastic being a strong material. This helps in
reducing or even preventing damage to a product. Other than that advantage, plastic
is also a recyclable material. This means that new products can be created over and
over. The next advantage to using plastic is that it is very light in weight. This makes
plastic very easy to be carried around which also lowers transportation costs and fuel
emissions.
The first step in manufacturing plastic is polymerization. Addition and
condensation reactions are the two basic methods by which polymerization occur.
Additives are added in the manufacture of plastic to alter the properties of plastic.
Examples of additives added and their function are antioxidants to protect the
polymer from degradation by ozone or oxygen, ultraviolet stabilizers to make it
weather resistant, plasticizers to increase flexibility, lubricants to reduce problems
related to friction, pigments to provide colour, flame retardants and antistatic.

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Some plastics are also added with glass or carbon fibers to increase strength
and stability. The next step is shaping and finishing of plastic. One of the oldest
methods used for converting polymers into useful materials is through compression
molding. This method forces the plastic into a certain shape by applying pressure.
Another common method for shaping plastics is through extrusion. Softened plastic
is forced through a shaped die by a device called extruder.
Other than that, injection molding is also a method used in shaping plastics. In
this method, melted plastic is forced into extruders where it is allowed to set to the
required shape. A tube is initially injection-molded around a blowing stick and
transferred to a blowing mold. The tube is then reheated so that it expands to the
shape of the mold by passing air through the blowing stick. There are also many
more methods in which plastic is manufactured. Although the process to
manufacture plastic is bad, it can be recycled or reused after the end of plastics life.
There are however dangerous by products from the production of plastic.
Plastic in all forms is made from the same base ingredient which is oil. Oils are
refined, mixed with hazardous chemicals and cooked at high temperatures. Such a
procedure releases toxic by-products as well as greenhouse gasses which harms
the earth in more ways than one. The production of plastic in the United States alone
releases about 500 million tons of greenhouse gasses every year. Plastic is also a
material that takes more than a thousand years to degrade which contributes largely
to our landfills concerns. A research by the University of California Santa Barbara
suggested that the number of landfills needed over the course of ten years will drop
by 60% if an alternative is used instead of plastic.

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5. WORK PROGRESS

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30

5.1 Work Distribution

Name

Before

During

After

Alexander Chung
Siang Yee

- Proposal

- Video

Evelyn Sinugroho

- Proposal
- Mural design
- Buying acrylic
paint

- Transferring rocks
- Mural Painting
- Installation of
Boards
- Clearance work
- Mural Painting
(leader)
- Assigned & taught
the mural painting
techniques while
guiding peers
- Photo taking
- Clearance work
- Playground
painting work
- Transferring rocks
- Video taking
- Photo taking
- Clearance work
- Playground
painting work
- Transferring rocks
- Clearance work
- Playground
painting work
- Transferring rocks
- Photo taking
- Installation of the
boards
- Transferring rocks
- Installation of the
boards (leader)
- Photo taking

Jillian Goh Joon Jin - Proposal

- Selection of site
- Design rock
garden concept
- Collecting rocks
Julia Shenjaya

Liau Wen Bin

Lim Choon Wah

Lim Ming Chek

- Proposal
- Collecting
materials for paint
uses
- Site visit

- Proposal
- Site visit
- Design new
activity for
children
- Buying adhesive
boards & other
accessories
- Site visit
- Buying Paint

- Report
- Video

- Report (leader)

- Life Cycle
Analysis for
Report & Video
- Report

- Report

- Clearance work
- Report
- Playground
painting work
- Installation of the
boards
- Transferring rocks
- Photo taking

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Ling Yuan Ming

Wong Teng Chun

- Proposal
- Site visit

- Clearance work
- Report
- Installation of
boards
- Transferring rocks
- Mural Painting
- Video taking

- Proposal
- Selection of site
- Request for
permission
- Buying acrylic
paint

- Playground
- Video (leader)
painting work
- Transferring rocks
- Mural Painting
- Installation of the
boards

.
5.2 Weekly Work Progress
Week

Day

Accomplished

5/9/2014

Project brief was given &

made appointment with
Kajangs animal shelter.

In-Progress

8/9/2014 & Two unfruitful visits to

10/9/2014 Kajangs animal shelter

Discussion of
new site.

15/9/2014

First visit to
St.Barnabas Church
- Formally met the
person in charge, Mr
George
- Obtained approval
after discussing main
purposes of future visits

- Start to
discuss about
different ideas
& designs for
the site.

23/9/2014

Second visit
- Discuss proposal with
Mr George
- Analysed and recorded
measurements for
accuracy of future
installation

- Look for
sponsorship
- Discuss
more relevant
designs

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Comments

Miscommunication
resulting in failure
to discuss our
proposal as NGO
had urgent
matters to attend.

Mr George
rejected one of
the ideas.

3/10/2014

- Engage with sponsors

- Gathered and bought
required materials

Tutor approved
our ideas.

8/10/2014

10

11

12

Third visit
- Measured the grid of
the corridor wall for
board installation &
mural painting
- Started sketching the
mural painting at the
boys area
17/10/2014 Fourth visit
- Transferred half of the
required rocks for the
rock garden
- Painted half of the
playground equipments
- Installed the white
boards to the girls
corridor
- Finished sketching and
started painting.the girls
section
24/10/2014 Fifth visit
- Stone garden was
completed
- Repainted the
playground equipment
- Started mural painting
the boys section
1/11/2014 Sixth visit
- Finish painting the
playground equipment.
- Almost done with the
mural painting at the
boys section.
- Finished mural painting
at the girls section
5/11/2014 Seventh Visit (last)
- Finished the mural
painting at the boys
section.
- Finish painting the
playground equipment.
- Interview session with
Mr.George
15/11/2014 SUBMISSION

- Research on
respective
work that was
distributed.

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First coat of paint

was unsuccessful
due to the rain in
the evening

- Work
distribution
on the report,
poster and
video.

- Compilation
of documents
and videos.

Black adhesive
boards was
blocked at
custom, managed
to find
replacement in
time.
Painting of
playground
equipment was on
hold due to the
rain.

6. BUDGET & EXPENSES

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34

6.1 Service Learning

Service learning is a technique in which it is acquired and developed by active
participation in a thoughtfully managed organised service which satisfies a
communitys needs. Equilibrium between customary learning and real life experience
must be reached for it to be potent. This is as the form of learning puts emphasis on
personal reflection as well as critical thinking while also encouraging heightened
sense of community, responsibility and municipal engagement. Ideas and techniques
which are brought up in the class were applied in real life situations by our group. As
a result of this, we kept our expenditure at zero throughout the project. We learnt
many techniques on how to engage with potential sponsors as well as selling the
idea of the project to the potential sponsors to make them interested and want to
sponsor us.

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7. REFLECTION &
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

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7.2 Reflection
At the very start of our assignment, we initially thought of helping an animal
shelter for our project. We searched for Non-Government Organization animal
shelter through Facebook and other websites which led us to an animal shelter
which is located in Kajang that was quite promising. We contacted the person in
charge and the response was good. Therefore, we decided to visit the animal shelter
after they confirmed our proposal mail; unfortunately they were reluctant to
accompany us when we visited the place and the reception we got was pretty hostile.
After 2 times of visiting the animal shelter and receiving no response, we decided to
look for another NGO instead. We ended up settling on St. Barnabas shelter home
located in Klang after days of searching. The response we got back by the person in
charge, Mr. George was very inviting. It turns out Mr. George is a very warm hearted
person and welcomed our visit to the home with open arms. After we explained
further on our project, Mr. George had a clearer idea of the objectives of the project.
He then proceeded in showing us around the home so that we have an idea of how
the home is like and identify the parts where work is needed.
During the tour of the shelter home, we saw that the amenities of the home
are already quite complete and we barely saw anything else we can do to repair or
rebuilt. However, when we walked into the quieter areas of the home, we saw that
there are two extended corridor space at the girls and boys place which we thought
was very empty and pointless. Our initial idea was to create a playing area for them
until Mr. George said that what the kids need werent the things that they want; what
they need is a motivation, something to motivate them to study, to be creative and to
ambitious dreams.
After having the walk inside the building, we then proceeded outside to the
playground area. We saw that the playground equipment was rusty and under
maintained. We were worried that this would affect the kids health as well as safety.
Therefore, we decided to repaint and refurnish the playground equipment.
We struggled a lot throughout the whole process, a lot of our initial ideas got
rejected and it certainly demotivated us all over and over again. What gave us the

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drive and motivation to kick on with the project was the kids at the home. We shared
our ideas with them and they seemed to like it a lot. They were really eager to see
the end product of what we planned to do and this really encouraged us. We finally
realized that what we were doing was for the kids sake and not for the marks. Thus,
we all agreed to give our best efforts for this project despite all the hardships and
struggles.
The process of mural painting wasnt as easy as we thought it would be and
the frequent rain only made things harder as it constantly prevented us from working
on the outdoor area. We did struggle a lot throughout but because of our struggles,
we helped each other out, encouraged each other and looked out for each other
even more. It wasnt easy searching a way out for every problem but it wasnt a bad
thing. As a result of this, our thinking and problem solving skills have improved
significantly.
Environmental issues have been spread all over the world to create
awareness. Issues such as pollution and degradation of the world are indeed very
alarming issues that need the most attention. However, we wouldnt be able to solve
our environmental issues if it doesnt start from the sincerity of our heart. This project
may not directly help in solving our world issues but to save our world we always
have to start somewhere no matter how small it may be. Helping out our community
is one place to start from. Adding to that, Paying It Forward should also be seen as
an innovation of our race to start repairing our world by starting with problems that
are within our reach any and every time possible.

7.3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We, the group members, would like to express our gratitude to all the people
who supported us in completing this project. We would like to thank our respected
tutor, Ms Suja for the guidance and advice she bestowed upon us. In addition, we
would also want to express our sincere gratitude to our families and sponsors who
contributed in every ways possible. Lastly, we would like to take this opportunity to
thank everyone who has been direct or indirectly instrumental in the successful
completion of this project.
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8. REFERENCES

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42

Reference list
Alden, A. Where Things Come from : Rock Materials. [ONLINE] Available at:
http://geology.about.com/od/mineral_resources/tp/Where-Rock-Materials-ComeFrom.htm. [Last Accessed 29 October 2014].

Gray, J (2014). Stone Construction. [ONLINE] Available at:

http://www.sustainablebuild.co.uk/constructionstone.html. [Last Accessed 28
October 2014].

Mazzocco, M. P. (2011). Sustainable Materials . [ONLINE] Available at:

http://blog.bibliocad.com/materiales-sustentables-vidrio-ceramicos-aberturaspinturas?lang=en. [Last Accessed 27 October 2014].

Papasavva, S. , Kia, S. , (2002). Life Cycle Environmental Assessment of Paint

Processes. Journal of Coating Technology. 74 (), pp.65-76

Secrest, R (2008). How paint is made. [ONLINE] Available at:

http://www.madehow.com/Volume-1/Paint.html. [Last Accessed 9 Nov 2014].

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9. ATTACHMENT

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Environmental Sustainable Design Project 1 Proposal

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