A single point thread cutting tool should ideally have zero rake angle

The work or surface speed for cylindrical grinding varies from 20 to 30 m/min
Twist drills are made of stainless steel or high speed steel . It is an end cutting tool
The rake angle required to machine brass by high speed steel tool is 0
The average cutting speed for turning brass with a high speed steel tool is 60 to 90 m/min
The method of grinding used to produce a straight or tapered surface on a workpiece, is external cylindrical
grinding
Gear lapping is an operation after heat treatment
A drill considered as a cutting tool having zero rake, is known as a straight fluted drill
The lead screw of a lathe has single start threads.

A left hand tool on a lathe cuts most efficiently when it travels from left to right end of the lathe bed
tool materials in increasing order of their ability to retain their hot hardness is cermet, carbide, ceramic,
borazon
In the relation VT^n = C, the value of n for carbide tools is 0.20 to 0.25
The machining of titanium is difficult due to ow tool-chip contact area
If the helix angle of the drill is madeless than 30, then the torque required to drive the drill at a given feed will
be more.
The velocity of tool relative to the workpiece is known as cutting velocity
Gear hobbing is a machining process in which gear teeth are progressively generated by a series of cuts with a
helical cutting tool. All motions in hobbing are rotary, and the hob and gear blank rotate continuously as in two
gears meshing until all teeth are cut.
Cemented carbides are composed of a metal matrix composite where carbide particles act as the aggregate
and a metallic binder serves as the matrix. The process of combining the carbide particles with the binder is
referred to as sintering or Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP). During this process the binder eventually will be entering
the liquid stage and carbide grains (much higher melting point) remain in the solid stage. As a result of this
process the binder is embedding/cementing the carbide grains and thereby creates the metal matrix composite
with its distinct material properties. The naturally ductile metal binder serves to offset the characteristic brittle
behavior of the carbide ceramic, thus raising its toughness and durability. Such parameters of carbide can be
changed significantly within the carbide manufacturer's sphere of influence, primarily determined by grain size,
cobalt content, dotation (e.g. alloy carbides) and carbon content.
Trepanning is an operation of producing a hole by removing metal along the circumference of a hollow cutting

tool
The abrasive recommended for grinding materials of high tensile strength is aluminium oxide
In centreless grinding, the surface speed of regulating wheel is 15 to 60 m/min
Thread grinding requires work speed from 1 to 3 m/min
Glazing in grinding wheels can be decreased by using a softer wheel or by decreasing the wheel speed
Down milling is also called climb milling
The depth of cut in drilling is one-half the drill diameter.
In centreless grinders, the maximum angular adjustment of the regulating wheel is 10
The snag grinding is done to remove considerable amount of metal without regard to accuracy of the finished
surface
The trade name of a non-ferrous cast alloy composed of cobalt, chromium and tungsten is called stellite
High speed steel cutting tools operate at cutting speeds 2 to 3 times higher than carbon steel tools.
In lapping operaion, the amount of metal removed is 0.005 to 0.01 mm
The cutting speed for drilling copper with high speed steel drills varies from 18 to 30 m/min\
High speed steel tools retain their hardness upto a temperature of 900C
Ceramic tools are fixed to tool body by brazing
The main purpose of a boring operation, as compared to drilling, is to enlarge the existing hole
Carbide tipped tools usually have negative rake angle
The saw milling is an operation of producing narrow slots or grooves on a workpiece
The type of reamer used for reaming soft aluminium or copper, is left hand spiral fluted reamer
Low helix angle drills are preferred for drilling holes in plastics
In plunge grinding the work rotates in a fixed position as the wheel feeds to produce cylinders equal to or
shorter than the width of wheel face
In drilling operation, the metal is removed by shearing and extrusion
In the relation VTn = C, the value of n for ceramic tools is 0.40 to 0.55
The actual speed in centreless grinders is given by (where d = Dia. of regulating wheel, n = Revolutions per
minute, and = Angle of inclination of wheel) d n sin
Chemical milling for preparing parts having large curved surfaces and thin sections

Gang drilling machine to perform the operations like drilling, reaming, counter-boring etc. on a work piece.
The lathe centres are provided with standard taper known as morse taper
In a plain milling cutter, the chip space between the back of one tooth and the face of the next tooth is called
gash
In machining, boring is the process of enlarging a hole that has already been drilled (or cast), by means of a
single-point cutting tool (or of a boring head containing several such tools), for example as in boring a gun
barrel or an engine cylinder. Boring is used to achieve greater accuracy of the diameter of a hole, and can be
used to cut a tapered hole. Boring can be viewed as the internal-diameter counterpart to turning, which cuts
external diameters.
vertical boring mills (workpiece rotates around a vertical axis while boring bar/head moves linearly; essentially
a vertical lathe) and horizontal boring mills (workpiece sits on a table while the boring bar rotates around a
horizontal axis; essentially a specialized horizontal milling machine)
The cutting fluid mostly used for machining alloy steels is sulphurised mineral oil
The operation of smoothing and squaring the surface around a hole is known as spot facing
Relief angles on high speed steel tools usually vary from 20 to 30
A drill mainly used in drilling brass, copper or softer materials, is straight fluted drill
For machining a mild steel workpiece by a high speed steel tool, the average cutting speed is 30 m/min
A tool used to withdraw a drill from the sleeve is called drift
The lip angle is the angle between the tool face and the ground end surface of flank
Small nose radius results in excessive stress concentration and greater heat generation
wheel clogging can lead to an overloading of the grinding wheel, high grinding wheel wear and to thermal
damage of the workpiece
Soft materials can not be economically ground due to frequent wheel clogging
The grinding wheel speed (surface speed in m/min) usually varies from 1500 to 2000
In a milling operation, two side milling cutters are mounted with a desired distance between them so that both
sides of a workpiece can be milled simultaneously. This set up is called straddle milling.
Crack in grinding wheel is developed due to high speed of wheel
The average cutting speed for turning mild steel with a high speed steel tool is 25 to 31 m/min
The relief or clearance at the cutting edge of a flat drill varies from 3 to 8
In centreless grinders, the regulating wheel is inclined at 0 to 8

Spot facing is an operation of smoothing and squaring the surface around a hole
The operation of making a cone-shaped enlargement of the end of a hole is known as counter-sinking
Internal or external threads of different pitches can be produced by planetary milling machine
Ceramic cutting tools are made by cold pressing of aluminium oxide powder, available in the form of tips ,
brittle and have low bending strength
Tapping-Internal threads in the holes of workpieces are produced by taps. After tapping, the tool is
mechanically collapsed and removed without having to rotate it. Sizes up to 4 in.
Core Drilling - Drill a larger hole on a smaller hole.
Step drilling - Double sized drill
Counterboring - stepper hole. Useful to seat bolt heads in the holes.
Countersinking -Hole is cone shaped for flat head screws.
Reaming - Enlarge the hole, provide better tolerance/finish.
Center Drilling - To begin the center for a hole.
Gun Drilling- deep holes with aspect ratios > 300