1.

Why do deficiencies of vitamins A,D, and K occur in patients with cirrhosis?

decreased production of bile
decreased storage of vitamins
decreased liver metabolism
decreased pancreatic secretions in the intestines
1 points

QUESTION 2
1.

Which type(s) of hepatitis increase(s) the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma?

HBV
HCV and HBV
neither HCV or HBV
HCV
1 points

QUESTION 3
1.

What causes massive inflammation and necrosis in acute pancreatitis?

activation and spread of proteolytic enzymes
formation of multiple thrombi and ischemia
immune complex reaction
infection by intestinal microbes
1 points

QUESTION 4
1.

What is caused by hyperparathyroidism?

bone demineralization
hypocalcemia
deficit of Vitamin D
tetany
1 points

QUESTION 5

1.

An individual with peptic ulcer exhibits hematemesis. What does this probably indicate?
development of malignancy
obstruction
erosion of a large blood vessel
perforation
1 points

QUESTION 6
1.

Which factors appear to have a role in the etiology of inflammatory bowel disease?
environmental toxins
chronic alcoholism
genetic and immunologic
dietary
1 points

QUESTION 7
1.

The pathophysiology of peptic ulcer disease may involve any of the following except:
increased stimulation of mucus producing glands
increased stimulation of pepsin and acid secretions
decreased resistance of the mucosal barrier
infection by H. pylori
1 points

QUESTION 8
1.

predisposing factors to cholelithiasis include increased:

water content in the bile
bicarbonate ions in the bile
bile salts in the bile
bilirubin or cholesterol concentration in the bile
Not sure 1 points

QUESTION 9
1.

Why does iron deficiency anemia frequently develop with ulcerative colitis?

loss of surface area for absorption in teh ileum

bone marrow depression by toxic wastes
chronic blood loss in stools
insufficient hydrochloric acid for iron absorption
1 points

QUESTION 10
1.

Whcih of the following does not apply to Inapproriate ADH syndrome?

severe hyponatremia results
the cause is excess ADH secretion
fluid retention increases
excessive sodium is retained
1 points

QUESTION 11
1.

Why does diabetes insipidus cause polyuria?

excessive ADH secretion is present
damaged tubules cannot reabsorb sufficient fluid
increased osmotic pressure of the filtrate
there is a deficit of ADH
1 points

QUESTION 12
1.

What are the typical changes occurring with Crohn's disease?

a continuous area of mucosal inflammation and ulceration in teh rectum and colon
multiple herniations of the mucosa through weak areas of the muscularis
degeneration and flattening of the villi in the small intestine
inflamed areas of the wall of th ileum alternating with thick fibrotic or normal areas.
1 points

QUESTION 13
1.

Which characteristic of Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic Nonketotic Coma differentiates it form diabetic ketoacidosis?

CNS depression develops

dehydration is less severe
it only develops in type 1 diabetics
sufficient insulin is available to prevent ketonuria
1 points

QUESTION 14
1.

Which of the following conditions may cause immunosuppression?

Cushing's disease
diabetes insipidus
acromegaly
Grave's disease
1 points

QUESTION 15
1.

What is the primary cause of increased bleeding tendencies associated with cirrhosis?
recurrent infections
anemia and leukopenia
jaundice and pruritus
deficit of vitamin K and protrombin
1 points

QUESTION 16
1.

What is the cause of diabetic ketoacidosis?

loss of glucose in the urine
increased catabolism of fats and proteins
excessive insulin in the body
failure of the kidney to excrete sufficient acids
1 points

QUESTION 17
1.

Why does glucosuria occur in diabetics?

sufficient insulin is not available for glucose reabsorption

excess water in the filtrate draws more glucose into the urine
the amount of glucose in the filtrate exceeds the renal tubule transport limit
excess ketoacids displace glucose into the filtrate
1 points

QUESTION 18
1.

Which of the following hormonal imbalances causes Addison's disease?

decreased glucocorticoids
deficit of T3 and T4
deficit of ADH
increaed glucocorticoids
1 points

QUESTION 19
1.

Which of the following applies to acromegaly?

occurs in infants and children
does not change soft tissue growth
causes excessive longitudinal bone growth
resullts from excessive secretion of GH
1 points

QUESTION 20
1.

Why does a volvulus cause localized gangrene in the intestine?

the distention of the intestinal wall causes increaed permeability of the tissue
a section of intestine herniates between the muscles of the abdominal wall
the mesenteric arteries are compressed in teh twisted section of intestine
hypotension and shock causes ischemia
1 points
Click Save and Submit to save and submit. Click Save All Answers to save all answers.