Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Sixth Edition
19
By
Dr. Ibrahim Assakkaf
ENCE 420 Construction Equipment and Methods
Spring 2003
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
University of Maryland, College Park
PILES
Slide No. 1
ENCE 420 Assakkaf
Slide No. 2
ENCE 420 Assakkaf
PILES
Crawler crane
w/ single acting
air hammer and
hydraulic leads.
Driving 12-in.
concrete piles.
PILES
Slide No. 3
ENCE 420 Assakkaf
PILES
Slide No. 4
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PILES
Slide No. 5
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TYPES OF PILES
Slide No. 6
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TYPES OF PILES
Slide No. 7
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TYPES OF PILES
Slide No. 8
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PILE TYPES
Slide No. 9
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Timber
treated
untreated
Concrete
Precast
reinforced
prestressed
Steel
Composite
Slide No. 10
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TYPES OF LOAD-BEARING
PILES
Slide No. 11
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TYPES OF LOAD-BEARING
PILES
2. Concrete
a.Precast-prestressed
b.Cast-in-place with shells
c.Augered cast-in-place
3. Steel
a. H section
b. Steel pipe
Slide No. 12
ENCE 420 Assakkaf
TYPES OF LOAD-BEARING
PILES
4. Composite
5. Sheet
a. Steel
b. Prestressed concrete
c. Timber
SELECTION OF PILES
Slide No. 13
ENCE 420 Assakkaf
SELECTION OF PILES
Slide No. 14
ENCE 420 Assakkaf
SELECTION OF PILES
Slide No. 15
ENCE 420 Assakkaf
SELECTION OF PILES
Slide No. 16
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Slide No. 17
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Slide No. 18
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Slide No. 19
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10
LOAD TEST
Slide No. 20
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LOAD TEST
Slide No. 21
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11
Slide No. 22
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LOAD TEST
Reaction
frame and
hydraulic
jacks used to
load test a 54in. concrete
cylinder pile.
LOAD TEST
Slide No. 23
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12
TIMBER PILES
Slide No. 24
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TIMBER PILES
Slide No. 25
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13
PRECAST-PRESTRESSED
CONCRETE PILES
Slide No. 26
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Slide No. 27
PRECAST-PRESTRESSED
CONCRETE PILES
14
Slide No. 28
Precast-prestressed Concrete
Piles
PRECAST-PRESTRESSED
CONCRETE PILES
Slide No. 29
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15
PRECAST-PRESTRESSED
CONCRETE PILES
Slide No. 30
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CAST-IN-PLACE
CONCRETE PILES
Slide No. 31
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CAST-IN-PLACE
CONCRETE PILES
Slide No. 32
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CAST-IN-PLACE
CONCRETE PILES
Slide No. 33
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17
CAST-IN-PLACE
CONCRETE PILES
Slide No. 34
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CAST-IN-PLACE
CONCRETE PILES
Slide No. 35
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CAST-IN-PLACE
CONCRETE PILES
Slide No. 36
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STEEL PILES
Slide No. 37
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STEEL PILES
STEEL PILES
Slide No. 38
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Slide No. 39
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COMPOSITE PILES
Slide No. 40
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COMPOSITE PILES
Slide No. 41
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SHEET PILES
Slide No. 42
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SHEET PILES
Slide No. 43
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Slide No. 44
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Slide No. 45
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23
PILE HAMMERS
Slide No. 46
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PILE HAMMERS
Slide No. 47
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Slide No. 48
DIESEL
HAMMERS
Diesel hammers
impart
compression,
impact and
explosion energy
to the pile.
Slide No. 49
ENCE 420 Assakkaf
DIESEL
HAMMERS
1. Raise the
piston to start.
2. Injection of
diesel fuel and
compression.
3. Impact and
explosion.
25
Slide No. 50
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4
5
DIESEL
HAMMERS
4. Exhaust ports
exposed and
gases escape.
5. Draws fresh
air through the
exhaust ports.
Slide No. 51
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DIESEL HAMMERS
Fuel usage varies with the size
of the hammer see Table 19-2b.
DELMAG
10,500 ft-lb
58,248 ft-lb
107,177 ft-lb
300,000 ft-lb
0.7 gal/hr
2.11 gal/hr
4.23 gal/hr
7.93 gal/hr
26
Slide No. 52
ENCE 420 Assakkaf
VIBRATORY
HAMMERS
Vibratory
hammers
use exciting
shafts
rotating in
opposite
directions.
Slide No. 53
VI
HA BR
M AT
ME O
R RY
27
Slide No. 54
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VIBRATORY
HAMMER
Can be driven
by hydraulic or
electric motors.
Slide No. 55
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METHODS OF SUPPORTING
AND POSITIONING PILES
28
Slide No. 56
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METHODS OF SUPPORTING
AND POSITIONING PILES
The following methods are utilized
to accomplish such alignment and
support:
9Fixed leads
9Swing leads
9Hydraulic leads
9Templates
Slide No. 57
ENCE 420 Assakkaf
METHODS OF SUPPORTING
AND POSITIONING PILES
29
HYDRAULIC LEADS
Slide No. 58
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Slide No. 59
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PILE LEADS
30
Slide No. 60
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PILE LEADS
Forward
Batter
Vertical
HYDRAULIC LEADS
Aft
Batter
Slide No. 61
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31
Slide No. 62
Slide No. 63
R=
2WH
S + 1.0
(1)
where
R = safe load on a pile, lb
W = weight of a falling mass, lb
H = height of free fall for mass W, ft
E = total energy of ram at the bottom of its downward
stroke, ft-lb
S = average penetration per blow for last 5 or 10 blows, in.
32
Slide No. 64
R=
2WH
S + 0.1
(2)
R=
2E
S + 0 .1
Example 1
(3)
Slide No. 65
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Slide No. 66
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Slide No. 67
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Slide No. 68
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Slide No. 69
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Slide No. 70
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HAMMER SPECS
Slide No. 71
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Slide No. 72
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HAMMER SPECS
37