9/12/2014

ConfigureRouteronaStickInterVLANRoutingExplained

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HowtoConfigureRouteronaStickInterVLANRouting.
InaVLANswitchednetwork,onlyhostsonthesameVLANcancommunicate.Tochangethis
andallowinterVLAN(hostsfromotherVLANs)tocommunicate,youneedarouteroralayer
3device.
Therouterorlayer3deviceinterfaceportconnectedtotheswitchmustbeconfiguredwithlogical
interfacescalledsubinterfaceoneforeachVLAN,thisisachievedbysettingtheinterfacetotrunkwith
encapsulation.

Beforeconfiguringtherouter,firstconfiguretheswitchthatitwillbeconnectedto.

Usingthediagrambelow,RouterR1isconnectedtoswitchSW1ontrunkportF0/3.VLANs
10and20havealsobeenaddedtoswitchSW1.

RouteronaStickInterVLANConfiguration

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fromthetopologyabove,VLANs10and20willbecreatedonswitchSW1usingthevlan10andvlan20
commands.

Exampleswitchconfigurationcommand:
SW1#configt
SW1(config)#vlan10
SW1(configvlan)#vlan20
SW1(configvlan)#exit

Thefastethernet(fa0/3)willbesettotrunkmode:

SW1(config)#interfacefa0/3
SW1(configif)#switchportmodetrunk
SW1(configif)#end
SW1#

Asseenabove,becauseswitchportF0/3willbeenconfiguredasatrunkport,youdonothaveto
assignanyVLANstotheport.AndVLANs10and20hadbeencreatedtoo.
Youcannotusetheswitchportmodedynamicautoorswitchportmodedynamicdesirable
commandsbecausetherouterdoesnotsupportdynamictrunkingprotocol.
Dontforgetsavetheconfigurationsothatitisnotloseafterareloadoftheswitch,usethecopy
runningconfigstartupconfigcommandinprivilegedEXECmodetobackuptherunning
configurationtothestartupconfiguration.
Next,theroutercanbeconfiguredtoperformtheinterVLANrouting

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9/12/2014

ConfigureRouteronaStickInterVLANRoutingExplained
ExampleofrouterR1configurationcommand:
R1#configt
R1(config)#interfacefa0/0.10
R1(configsubif)#encapsulationdot1q10
R1(configsubif)#ipaddress192.168.1.1255.255.255.0
R1(configsubif)#interfacefa0/0.20
R1(configsubif)#encapsulationdot1q20
R1(configsubif)#ipaddress192.168.2.1255.255.255.0
R1(configsubif)#interfacefa0/0
R1(configif)#noshut
R1(configif)#end

Asyoucanseefromtheabove,theconfigurationofmultiplesubinterfacesisdifferentthanwhen
physicalinterfacesareused.
Eachsubinterfaceiscreatedusingtheinterfaceinterface_id.Subinterface_idglobal
configurationmodecommand.Afterthat,VLANIDisassignedusingtheencapsulationdot1q
vlan_idsubinterfaceconfigurationmodecommand.
Next,youassigntheIPaddressforthesubinterfaceusingtheipaddressip_address
subnet_masksubinterfaceconfigurationmodecommand.
Thisprocessisrepeatedforalltheroutersubinterfacesthatareneededtoroutebetweenthe
VLANsconfiguredonthenetwork.EachroutersubinterfaceneedstobeassignedanIPaddresson
auniquesubnetforroutingtooccur.
Note:
Youdonotneedtoexecuteanoshutdowncommandatthesubinterfacelevelbecauseitdoes
notenablethephysicalinterface.Ciscoroutersareconfiguredtoroutetrafficbetweenthelocal
subinterfacesbydefault,asaresult,routingdoesnotspecificallyneedtobeenabled
Next,usetheshowiproutecommandfromprivilegedEXECmodetoexaminetheroutingtable.
Toverifytherouterconfiguration,usetheshowrunningconfigcommandinprivilegedEXEC
mode.Theshowrunningconfigcommanddisplaysthecurrentoperatingconfigurationofthe
router.:
InterfaceSubinterfaceGatewayIPAddress/MaskVLANIDRouterEncapsulation
Fa0/0fa0/0.10192.168.1.1/24VLAN
10encapsulationdot1q10
Fa0/0fa0/0.20192.168.2.1/24VLAN
20encapsulationdot1q20

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