BACHELORS OF SCIENCE (HONS) (ARCHITECTURE)

BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1 [ARC 3512]

PROJECT 2 : ADVANCED ROOF & INDUSTRIALIZED BUILDING SYSTEM

NAME
STUDENT ID
LECTURER

: WONG KIEN HOU

: 0312104
: MR. SIVARAMAN KUPPUSAMY

CONTENT LIST
1) Introduction

2) Building Components
2.1) Roof system
2.2) Wall system
2.3) Floor system

2.4) Stairs system

3) Embodied Energy Calculation

4) References

5) Appendix

1.0 INTRODUCTION
NATURE APPRECIATION CENTER

Site plan at Sepang.

The building chosen for this project is my design of a nature appreciation center for the mangrove
trees located at Sepang. It houses after school programs for students to participate to instill a sense of
compassion towards nature and also maintains the mangrove. The building will be modified to be able
to be constructed using IBS systems.
By using industrialized building systems to construct this building, a faster completion time can be
ensured and the overall project will be more well managed. The components used throughout the
building will be of a higher quality.

2.0 BUILDING COMPONENTS

2.1 ROOFING SYSTEM

STEEL ROOF TRUSS

Prefabricated steel roof trusses are used for the roof

system in the building. The components are manufactured
before moving them to the site for easy installation. The
trusses support the C-channel which in turn supports the
aluminum roof sheets. A layer of insulation is also included
beneath the roof sheets.

ALUMINIUM ROOF SHEETS

PTFE FIBERGLASS MEMBRANE ROOF

View of the membrane roof system.

PTFE fiberglass membrane roof is used for the outdoor areas in the building. Light and easy to
construct, it is favourable and provides a light aesthetic view for the center. With superior thermal and
solar properties it is a popular choice for many roofing systems. Steel poles support the steel frames
which holds the PTFE fiberglass membrane in place.

2.2 WALL SYSTEM

PRECAST CONCRETE WALLS
Precast concrete wall panels are used for the building. The precast
method is a very efficient and highly used IBS system throughout the
world. Along with precast beams and columns, this saves the installation
time on site by a tremendous amount.
The pin and grout connection is used to join the concrete walls to the
floor slabs in the building. The walls are supported by reinforced
concrete columns and reinforced concrete beams.

Installation of precast concrete walls.

Pin and grout joint between the walls and floor.

2.3 FLOOR SYSTEM

PRECAST HOLLOW CORE CONCRETE SLAB

Precast hollow core

concrete slabs ready
for installation.

Grout filled with

cement to connect
two slabs.

For the floor system, precast hollow core concrete slab of 160mm thickness are used. Just
like other precast systems, this method is very efficient and reduces construction time. The
hollow cores are also strong and reduce the overall dead weight of the structure while
providing maximum structure efficiency with the slab depth.
To connect to hollow core slabs together, cement is filled into the grout. If a column needs to
be built on the hollow core, the particular area of the hollow core will be usually filled with
concrete.

2.3 STAIRS SYSTEM

PRECAST CONCRETE STAIRS

Precast concrete stairs and

how they are installed.

The stairs erected at the site would be precast concrete stairs. With their quick method of
installation, multiple flights of stairs can be installed in less than a day. The mold of stairs is
constructed in a controlled environment before being transported to its destination.
The high density of these stairs also provide good acoustics as the sound they produced when
being stepped on is minimal. The stairs are connected to the floor using a dowel bar.

3.0 EMBODIED ENERGY CALCULATION

Elements

Unit

Length
(m)

Width
(m)

Height
(M)

Area
(m2)

Volume
(m3)

Density
(kg/m3)

Mass
(kg)

Energy Coef.
(MJ/kg)

Embodied Energy
(MJ)

Embodied Energy
(MJ/m2) area = 442.6

46
3

2.25
3.1

0.15
0.15

3.2
4.3

0.3375
0.465

1.08
1.9995

2400
2400

119232
14396.4

1.7
1.7

202694.4
24473.88

457.96
55.30

40
28
14
4

1.2
1.2
2.5
4.5

6.5
2.7
0.3
0.3

0.16
0.16
0.3
0.3

7.8
3.24
0.75
1.35

1.248
0.5184
0.225
0.405

2400
2400
2400
2400

119808
34836.48
7560
3888

1.7
1.7
1.7
1.7

203673.6
59222.016
12852
6609.6

460.18
133.80
29.04
14.93

162
46
129
100
1

3.2
1
1.2
1
9.5

0.05
0.03
0.9
0.04
7

0.06
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.002

0.16
0.03
1.08
0.04
66.5

0.0096
0.0009
0.0324
0.0012
0.133

7750
7750
2700
7750
2200

12052.8
320.85
11284.92
930
292.6

32
32
170
32
180

385689.6
10267.2
1918436.4
29760
52668

871.42
23.20
4334.47
67.24
119.00

5.3

1.8

5.3

9.54

2400

22896

1.7

38923.2

87.94

6
10
7

0.9
0.1
0.9

0.3
0.05
0.15

2.1
3.1
3

0.27
0.005
0.135

0.567
0.0155
0.405

850
7750
2500

2891.7
1201.25
7087.5

2
32
12.7

5783.4
38440
90011.25

13.07
86.85
203.37

3026836.546

6838.77

PRECAST WALL
Concrete WP 1
Concrete WP 2

FLOOR
Hollow core slab 1
Hollow core slab 2
RC beam 1
RC beam 2

ROOF
Metal roof truss 1
Metal roof truss 2
Aluminium roof sheet
Steel frame (membrane)
PTFE membrane

PRECAST STAIRS
Concrete stairs

DOOR & WINDOW

Wooden door
Window steel frame
Window glass panel

TOTAL

4.0 REFERENCES

1) PTFE Fiberglass. (n.d.). Retrieved November 22, 2014, from http://www.birdair.com/tensile-architecture/membrane/ptfefiberglass

2) LRC Inside. (n.d.). Retrieved November 22, 2014, from http://www.lrc.com.my/Forms/Index.aspx#technologies
3) Jackbilt Industries, Inc. (n.d.). Retrieved November 22, 2014, from http://www.jackbilt.com.ph/hallowcoreslab.php
4) Lightweight Steel Truss. (n.d.). Retrieved November 22, 2014, from http://www.k-structures.com/newtruss.html