Vous êtes sur la page 1sur 7

www.sakshieducation.

com

Centre of Mass

2010
The centre of mass of a system of three particle of masses 1 g, 2g and 3g is

co
m

1.

taken as the origin of a coordinate system. The position vector of a fourth

particle of mass 4g such that the centre of mass of the four particle system lies

b)

5
2

2008
2.

c)

1
2

at
io

10
3

d)

2
5

ed
uc

a)

n.

at the point (1, 2, 3) is (i + 2 j + 3k ) , where is a constant. The value of is

An object placed on a ground is in stable equilibrium. If the object is given a


slight push then initially the position of centre of gravity

sh
i

a) Moves nearer to ground


c) Remains as such

d) May remain at same level

Two bodies of different masses of 2kg and 4kg moving with velocities 2ms 1 and

ak

3.

b) Rises higher above the ground

10ms 1 towards each other due to mutual gravitational attraction. What is the

w
.s

velocity of their centre of mass?


b) 6ms 1

c) 8ms 1

d) Zero

a) 5ms 1

2006
4.

A small disc of radius 2cm is cut from a disc of radius 6cm. If the distance
between their centres is 3.2cm what is the shift in the centre of mass of the disc
a) 0.4 cm

b) 2.4 cm

c) 1.8cm

www.sakshieducation.com

d) 1.2cm

www.sakshieducation.com

Find the velocity of centre of mass of the system shown in the figure.

b) 4i

2 + 2 3 1
i j
3 3

d) None of these

6.

n.

c)

co
m

2 + 2 3 2
i j
3 3

a)

A straight rod of length L one of its ends at the origin and the other at x = Lx.

at
io

5.

If the mass per unit length of the rod is given by Ax here A is constant, where is
its mass centre
b) L/2

2005

d) 3L/4

A ladder is leaned against a smooth wall and it is allowed to slip on a

sh
i

7.

c) 2L/3

ed
uc

a) L/3

w
.s

ak

frictionless floor. Which figure represents the track of its centre of mass?

b)

a)

c)
8.

d)

A cricket bat is at the location of its centre of mass as shown then

a) The two pieces will have the same mass

www.sakshieducation.com

www.sakshieducation.com

b) The bottom piece will have larger mass


c) The handle piece will have larger mass
d) Mass of handle piece is double the mass of bottom piece

9.

co
m

2004
Consider a system of two particles having masses and m2 . If the particle of mass
m1 is pushed towards the mass centre of particle through a distance d, by what

n.

distance would the particle of mass m2 moves so as to keep the mass centre of

m1
d
m1 + m2

c) d

b)

m1
d
m2

d)

m2
d
m1

ed
uc

a)

at
io

particle at the original position?

10. The centre of mass of a system of two particles divides the distance between

sh
i

them

a) In inverse ratio of square of masses of particles

ak

b) In direct ratio of square of masses of particles


c) In direct ratio of square of masses of particle

w
.s

d) In inverse ratio of masses of particles

Key

1) b

2) b

3) d

4) a

5) a

6) b

7) c

www.sakshieducation.com

8) d

9) b

10) c

www.sakshieducation.com

Hints

Then coordinates (x, y, z) of masses 1g, 2g, 3g and 4g are

co
m

1.

( x1 = 0, y1 = 0, z1 = 0) ( x2 = 0, y2 = 0, z2 = 0)

m1 x1 + m2 x2 + m3 x3 + m4 x4
m1 + m2 + m3 + m4

xCM =

4
1+ 2 + 3 + 4

4
10

1=

ed
uc

at
io

xCM =

4
10
5
2

yCM =

m1 y1 + m2 y2 + m3 y3 + m4 y4
m1 + m2 + m3 + m4

20 5
=
8 2

ak

w
.s

4 2 x
10

sh
i

2=

n.

( x3 = 0, y3 = 0, z3 = 0) ( x4 = , y4 = 2 , z4 = 3 )

zCM =

m1 z1 + m2 z2 + m3 z3 + m4 z4
m1 + m2 + m3 + m4

3=

4 3
10

5
2

www.sakshieducation.com

www.sakshieducation.com

2.

In stable equilibrium, the centre of gravity of object lies at minimum height from
ground. As the object is given a slight push, its centre of gravity rises because it
comes in unstable equilibrium

3.

As gravitational forces of attraction are mutual, centre of mass is not affected (in the
absence of external force). Velocity of centre of mass is zero
Let radius of complete disc is a, and that of small disc is b. Also let centre of mass

co
m

4.

now shifts to O2 at a distance x2 from original centre

X CM =

ed
uc

at
io

n.

The position of new centre of mass is given by

b 2 x1
a 2 b 2

12.8
32

w
.s

(2) 2 3.2
(6)2 (2) 2

ak

Hence,

X CM =

sh
i

Here a = 6cm, b = 2cm, x1 = 3.2cm

= - 0.4cm

Here m1 = 1kg , v1 = 2i

5.

m2 = 2kg , v2 = 2 cos 300 i 2sin 300 j

VCM =

m1v1 + m2 v2
m1 + m2

1 2i + 2(2 cos 300 i 2sin 300 j )


1+ 2

www.sakshieducation.com

www.sakshieducation.com

2i + 2 3i 2 j
3

2 + 2 3 2
=
i j
3 3

Let of the mass of an element of length dx of the rod located at a distance x away
M
dx . The x-coordinate of the centre of mas is given by
L

1
M

1
M

x dm

ed
uc

X CM =

at
io

n.

from left end is

co
m

6.

M
x dx
L

sh
i

1 x2
L
= =
L 2 0 2

1
M

y dn = 0

ak

The y-coordinate is YCM =


And similar, Z CM = 0

The track of the centre of mass of ladder will be as shown in the figure

7.

w
.s

L
L
Hence the centre of mass is at , 0, 0 or at the middle point of the rod, i.e. at .

9.

The system of two given particles of masses m1 and m2 are shown in figure

www.sakshieducation.com

www.sakshieducation.com

Initially the centre of mass rCM =

m1r1 + m2 r2
m1 + m2

When mass m1 moves towards centre of mass by a distance d. then let mass m2
moves a distance d away from CM to keep
m1 ( r1 d ) + m2 ( r2 + d )
m1 + m2

co
m

So, rCM =

Equation eqs (i) and (ii), we get

at
io

m1
d
m2

w
.s

ak

sh
i

ed
uc

m1d + m2 d = 0 d =

n.

m1r1 + m2 r2 m1 (r1 d ) + m2 ( r2 + d )
=
m1 + m2
m1 + m2

www.sakshieducation.com

Vous aimerez peut-être aussi