CHAPTER 9: ELECTRONIC

9.1 CRO
1. Question 4: Melaka 09
Diagram 4.1 shows a deflecting
cathode rays tube

(a) The function of the filament is to

heat the cathode and releases
electrons on its surface
(i) Name the process mention in (a)

[1 mark]
(ii) Explain why a very high voltage
of 3000 V is used in Diagram 4.1
........................................................
[1 mark]
(iii) State the energy changes
experience by the electrons
from anode to the screen
screen.

(c)(i) 1000 V power supply is

connected to the top and lower
plates. The top plate is connected
to the positive terminal and the
lower plate is connected to the
negative terminal. Sketch the
path of the cathode rays in
Diagram 4.2.

[1 mark]
(c)(ii) From the answer in (c)(i), state
one characteristic of cathode
rays.
..
[1 mark]
2. Question 4: Kedah 08
Diagram 4.1 shows the structure of a
cathode ray oscilloscope (CRO)

..
[1 mark]
(b) The voltage between the cathode
and anode is 3000 V. The charge
19
of an electron is 1.6 x 10-19
C.
Calculate the kinetic energy
possesses by an electron as it
reaches the anode.
[2 marks]

FIZIKMOZAC 2010

(a) State the process involved in

producing electron from electrode
X.
..........................................................
[1 mark]

(b) Describe the type of motion of the

electron moving from
(i) Y to Z
...........................................
....................................................
[1 mark]
(ii) Z to the screen
....................................................
[1 mark]
(c) A student uses the CRO to study
the output voltage from a bicycle
dynamo. Diagram 4.2 shows the
trace on the screen and the
settings of the CRO.
(i) State the type of current
produced by the dynamo.

9.2 SEMIICONDUCTOR
3. Question 6: MRSM 08
(a) Diagram 6.1 shows a waveform on
the screen of a cathode ray
oscilloscope that is connected
across R. Diagram 6.2 shows
how an electric component Q is
connected to the circuit.

Diagram 6.1
.......................................................
[1 mark]
(ii) Determine the frequency of the
output voltage of the dynamo.
[2 marks]
Diagram 6.2
(iii)Sketch
Sketch the new trace in Diagram
4.3 if the time-based
based setting is
set at 0.01 s/div.

(i)

(ii)

Tick (x) the correct answer

in the box provided. The
input power supply is
Diagram 6.1 is connected to..
.........

alternating current

........

direct current

[1 mark]
What is the function of
component Q in Diagram
6.2?
..................................................
[1 mark]

(iii)

FIZIKMOZAC 2010

Draw the waveform produced

on the screen
n in Diagram 6.2
[1 mark]

(iv)

Compare the waveforms in

Diagram 6.1 and Diagram 6.2.
Name the process involved
in Diagram 6.2
..................................................
[1 mark]

(b) Name the component Q in

Diagram 6.2.
.....................................................
[1 mark]
(c) Component Q is made from a
semiconductor material. One
type of semiconductor is the ntype. Explain how the n-type
semiconductor is produced.

Diagram 6.2
(a) Based on Diagram 6.1 and
Diagram 6.2,
(i)
compare the connection of
diodes to the terminal of
the dry cell.

(ii)

........................................................
.......................................................
[2 marks]

..............................................
[1 mark]
compare the lighting of the
bulbs.
................................................
[1 mark]

(iii)

4. Question 6: SBP 08
Diagram 6.1 and Diagram 6.2 shows
two diodes A and B, two bulbs P and Q
are connected to a dry cell with two
different arrangements.
(b) (i)

Relate the connection of

diodes to the terminal of
the dry cell with the lighting
of the bulbs.
...............................................
[1 mark]
Draw the arrangement of
four diodes and suitable
power supply in the space
given in Diagram 6.3 that
can be used to produce full
wave rectifier circuit.

To
CRO

Diagram 6.1

[3 marks]
FIZIKMOZAC 2010

(iii)

Draw the wave form of full

wave rectification

Diagram 7.1

[1 mark]
(iv)

Name an electronic
component that can be
used to smooth the
current produced.
.............................................
[1 mark]

5. Question 7: Teknik 07
Impurities are added to a pure
semiconductor to increase its
conductivity in a process known as
doping.

(i) State the effect of fitting the

diode in the circuit to the current
flows
.........................................................
[1 mark]
(ii) On Diagram 7.2, sketch graphs to
show the variation of the a.c.
supply voltage and the output
voltage with time.
a.c. supply voltage
.

(a) (i) State what is meant by

semiconductor?
time
.......................................................
.......................................................
[1 mark]

Output voltage

(ii) Explain why certain

semiconductors are known as
n-type semiconductors?
time
......................................................
......................................................
DIAGRAM 7.2
......................................................
[2 marks]
(b) A diode comprises of n and p-type
semiconductors joined together.
Diagram 7.1 shows an a.c. supply
connected to a resistor and a
diode.

FIZIKMOZAC 2010

[2 marks]

(iii) Describe how the output

voltage can be further
improved to get a pure and
smoothened d.c. voltage.

(ii) Calculate the minimum value of

R2 when the transistor is
switched on.

.....................................................
[2 marks]

.....................................................
.....................................................
.....................................................
[4 marks]

(c) The resistor R2 is then replaced

with a light dependent resistor
which has a high resistance when
whe it
is dark.
(i) Explain whether the bulb will
light up during the day.

9.3 TRANSISTOR

.............................................................

6. Question 4: Kedah 07
Diagram 4.1 shows the use of a
transistor in a circuit.

.............................................................
[2 marks]
(ii) Besides being used as a switch,
state one other use of a
transistor.
........................................................
..............................
[1 mark]

Diagram 4.1
(a) Name the type of transistor used.

7. Question 6: Trengganu 07
Diagram 6.1 shows a circuit to
investigate the working principle of a
transistor.
The rheostat R is adjusted to get a set
of data of the microammeter reading ,
I1 and the miliammeter reading, I2.

.............................................................
..........................
[1 mark]
(b) The transistor is switched on when
the base voltage V2 2 V.
(i) Write an equation to show the
relationship between IB, IC and
IE .
.............................................................
[1 mark]
Diagram 6.1
FIZIKMOZAC 2010

Table 6 shows the reading of I1 and I2.

I1 /A
I2 /mA
0.0
0.0
0.5
0.2
1.0
0.4
1.5
0.6
2.0
0.8
2.5
1.0
Table 6
(a)

Name the current

(i)

I1 : ..........................................
[1 mark ]

(ii)

I2 : ..........................................
[1 mark]
(b) Using Table 6, state two
observations about the value of I1
and I2

(ii)

[ 2 marks ]
State the function of the two
resistors.
..................................................
............................................
[ 1 mark ]

8. Question 7: Johor 08
Diagram 7.1 shows a semiconductor
transistor.

..........................................................
..........................................................
[ 2 marks ]
(c)

Based on your answer in (b) state

the function a transistor.
........................................................
[ 1 mark ]

(d) The battery P is removed and

replaced by two resistors.
(i) Complete the circuit in
Diagram 6.2 to ensure the
transistor workable without
battery P.

FIZIKMOZAC 2010

(a)(i) Name the type of the transistor.

.
[1 mark]
(a)(ii) Transistor has three terminals
connected to the emitter, base
and collector. Label the emitter,
base and collector in Diagram
7.1
[1 mark]

(b)

Diagram 7.2 shows a transistor

circuit.

(i)

Suggest a modification to light

up the lamp at night.
.
[1 mark]

When the sliding contact X is at the 0

V end of the potentiometer,
(i)
is there any current flow
through the base and emitter
circuit?
..................................................
[1 mark]
(ii)

is there any current flow

through the base and emitter
circuit?

A student replaced lamp L with a lamp

labeled 240 V 24 W in Diagram 7.3.
(ii) The bulb is not light up.
Why the lamp is not light up?
.
.
[2 marks]
(iii)

An electrical component is
connected to the output
transistor so that the lamp is
light up. Name the electrical
component and state the
functions.
.

[1 mark]
(iii)

If the sliding contact X were

raised from 0 V end to the 3 V
end of the potentiometer,
what happened to the bulb?
Explain your answer

.
[2 marks]
9. Question 7: SBP 07
Diagram 7.1 shows a transistor circuit
with a bulb L.

[2 marks]
(c)

Diagram 7.3 shows a transistor is

used to light up during the day.

Diagram 7.1
(a) Name the type of transistor shown
in Diagram 7.1.
............................................................
[1 mark]

FIZIKMOZAC 2010

(b) Based on Diagram 7.1:

(i) What is the potential difference
across point X and point Z?

10. Question 8: Negeri 9 08

Diagram 8 shows a transistor circuit.
The circuit is used to automatically
switch on the bulb at night.

.............................................................
[1 mark]
(ii) What is the total resistance
between point X and point Z?
..................................................................
.................

[1 mark]
(iii) Using the answers from (b)(i)

and b(ii), calculate the potential

difference

[2 marks]
(c) State what will happen to the
lamp,L, if the base-emitter
emitter
potential difference, VBE is 2
volts? Explain your answer.
..........................................................
..........................................................
..........................................................
[2 marks]
(d) Without adding any new
component to Diagram
agram 7.1, what
modification is needed so that the
opposite situation than the one in
7(c) occur at lamp L.
..........................................................
[1 mark]
(e) An automatic fire alarm is needed
to emit sound in case of fire.
Suggest two modifications that
have to be made to the circuit in
Diagram 7.1 by replacing the
components with suitable
electronic components.
..........................................................
..............................................
..........................................................
..........................................................
[2 marks]
FIZIKMOZAC 2010

(a)(i) Name component Q.

........................................................
[1 mark]
(a)(ii) State two functions of
component Q?
........................................................
[2 marks]
(d) What is the function of resistor
R?
.........................................................
.......................................
[1 mark]
(c)(i) What happens to potential
difference VP at night? Explain.
........................................................
........................................................
[2 marks]
(c)(ii) Explain why the bulb is lighted
up at night?
........................................................
........................................................
[2 marks]
(d)

Bulb M is labelled 240 V, 60 W

starts to light up when VP is 2.0
V and the resistance
ance of resistor
P is 10 k.
. Determine the
maximum resistance of resistor
S.
[2 marks]

(e) What happens to the bulb

when it is connected directly to
the transistor circuit without
using the relay switch. Explain
why.

(ii) Resistor R1 and light dependent

resistor, LDR
...........................................................
Reason

.....................................................
.....................................................
[2 marks]
11. Question 8: Melaka 08
Diagram 8.1 shows four electrical
circuits with identical electrical
components.
The electrical circuits consist o
of a
transistor , a bulb, a light dependent
resistor, LDR, two resistors, R1 and R2
and battery as a power supply.

...........................................................
[2 marks]
(iii) Collector terminal of the transistor
to the battery
...........................................................
......................................
Reason
...........................................................
[2 marks]
(c) Based on the answers in 8(b), state
one suitable circuit in Diagram 8
to be use as an automatic switch.
.
............................................................
[ 1 mark]
(d) The circuit in 8(c) is used as an
automatic switch. State the
application
ion of the circuit.

(a) What is meant by power?

..........................................................
[1 mark]
(b) Based on Diagram 8.1, state the
suitable characteristic of the
arrangement position of the
electrical components of the
circuit to use as an automatic
switch.
(i) Resistor, R2
..........................................................
Reason
.........................................................
[2 marks]
FIZIKMOZAC 2010

...........................................................
[ 1 mark]
(e) Diagram 8.2 show a circuit
transistor used as an amplifier.
The transistor is on when the
voltage across Y and Z is 1 V.

When the potential difference

accross Yand Z is 1 V;
(i) What is the potential
difference between X and Y?
[ 1 mark]
(ii) Calculate the maximum
resistance of the rheostat for
the transistor to switch on?

(i)

Name the component labeled

Q.
..................................................
[1 mark]

[2 marks]
(ii)

12. Question 8: Kelantan 09

(a) Diagram 8.1 shows a relay used in
an electrical circuit.

State the main characteristic

for component Q.
..................................................
[1 mark]

(iii)

Explain how the component

Q light up the street light.
..................................................
.................................................

(i)

What is the function of a

relay?
..................................................
[1 mark]

(ii)

Explain what will happen

when an electric current flow
in the main circuit?

.................................................
[3 marks]
(c) Diagram 8.3 shows a simple
tsunami control system used to
detect an earthquake and
eruption volcano at the sea bed
which will produced tsunami.

..................................................
..................................................
[2 marks]
(b) Diagram 8.2 shows a circuit
consists of an automatic switch
using a relay to switch on a street
light at night.

FIZIKMOZAC 2010

The circuit consists of vibration

sensor, V, and waves temperature
sensor, T, athe sea bed. The vibration
and increase in temperature detected
will produce signals whichl will be
sent to a logic gate and then to the
tsunami operation detector room
through the transmitter.

Keys:
Vibration sensor,V:
With vibration: Logic 1
Without vibration : Logic 0

9.4 LOGIC GATES

13. Question 1: Melaka 07
Diagram 1 shows a logic circuit
consisting of get logic C, D and E. X is
the output operation of gate logic D.

Water temperature sensor, T:

High temperature: Logic 1
Low temperature: Logic 0
Output S:
Radar is activated : Logic 1
Radar is deactivated: Logic 0
Tsunami will occur when there is a
vibration or change of high
temperature at the sea bed.
Table 8 is a truth table which shows
the operation of the logic gate in the
tsunami control system.
V
0
0
1
1
(i)

(ii)

T
0
1
0
1

(a) Name gates logic C and D.

(i)

C: ........................

(ii)

D: .......................
[2 marks]

(b) (i) State the logic gate of logic

gate E.

.....................................................
[1 mark]

Using the keys given,

complete Table 8.
[2 marks]

(iii)

1001 _____

Name the logic gate in the

circuit in Diagram 8.3

1110 _____
1011 _____

..................................................
[1 marks]
(iii)

In the space below, draw the

logic gate symbol in (c)(ii)

In the box below, tick x the

correct output for X.

[1 mark]

14. Question 3: Johor 2007

Diagram 3.1 shows the symbol for a
NAND gate.

[1 mark]
A
C
B
(a) State the basic logic gates that
form the NAND gate.
.
............................................................
[1 mark]
FIZIKMOZAC 2010

(b) NAND get can be used to make

other types of gate as shown in
Diagram 3.2 and Diagram 3.3.

15. Question 4: MRSM 07

Figure 4 shows a circuit which
consists of several logic gates.

(a)(i) Name the logic gates labelled P

and Q.
P: ......................

Q:....................
[2 marks]

(a)(ii) State the function of logic gate

X.
(i) Write a truth table for get in
Diagram 3.2.

[1 mark]

........................................................
[1 mark]
(b)(i) Based on Figure 4, complete the
Truth table below.
Input

(ii) Write a truth table for get in

Diagram 3.3.
[2 marks]

A
0
0
1
1

B
0
1
0
1

Output
C

[3 marks]
(b)(ii) Draw the symbol of the logic
gate which is equivalent to
output C.
[1 mark]
(iii)Decide what type of gate is
equivalent to get in Diagram 3.2
and Diagram 3.3.
Diagram 3.2:
..........................................................
Diagram 3.3:
..........................................................
[2 marks]
FIZIKMOZAC 2010

16. Question 5: MRSM 09

Diagram 5.1 shows an electronic
system used to switch on a security
light outside a house.

Construct a truth table for the gate

combination shown in Diagram 5.2.
[2 marks]

(a) Name the type of logic gate

which receives input A.
(b) Based on Diagram 5.1, complete
the following sentences about
input A, B and C by ticking the
mark (x) in the correct bracket.
(i)
If the surrounding is dark
Input A will be

17. Johor 09
Diagram 6 shows a circuit used as a
safety system in a house.

And so input B will be

(a) Name logic gate R.
[2 marks]
(ii)

If a person is detected,
input C will be

......................................................
[1 mark]
(b) Using two switches, two dry
cells and a bulb, draw a circuit
that equivalent to logic gate S.

[1 mark]
(c) The security light should be
switched on if a person is
detected when it is dark. Name
the type of logic gate which
should be used in the box
marked Logic Gate X.
........................................................
[1 mark]
(d) Diagram 5.2 shows a
combination of three logic
gates.

(c) The truth table represents the

logic gate in the Diagram 6
above.
A
B
L
M
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
(c)(i) Complete the truth table above.
[2 marks]

FIZIKMOZAC 2010

(c)(ii) What happens to the door and

the gate when the main switch is
closed?

(ii) Explain why the logic state of

input A is low when it is dark
and high when it is bright.

........................................................

........................................................
....................................................

........................................................
[2 marks]

........................................................
[2 marks]

(c)(iii) State two methods to open the

door and the gate
simultaneously.
[2 marks]

(b) Complete the truth table for the

NOR gate.
Input A

Input B

.......................................................
.....................

....................................................

18. Question 7: Perak 07

Diagram 7.1 shows a circuit that turns
on a water pump.

Output Q

(c) The water pump is on. State

(i)
The logic levels of input A,
input B and output Q.
Input A :
Input B :
Diagram 7.1
When the output from the NOR gate is
high, the water pump is on. The soil
contacts are buried in the soil near the
plants. When the soil dries the logic
state of input B changes from high
(logic 1) to low (logic 0).
(a) (i) Explain why the logic state of
input B is low when the soil is
dry.
.......................................................
[1 mark]

FIZIKMOZAC 2010

(ii)

Output Q : .
[3 marks]
The light level (dark or
bright) and the soil
condition
ondition (wet or dry).
Light level:
Soil condition :
[2 marks]

19. Question 8: Trengganu 09

Diagram 8.1 shows an automatic
parking barrier for any vehicle enter
parking lots. The parking barriers
automatically rises up when a
sufficient amount of coin is slotted in a
machine or an applicable electronic
card is touched to the detector.

(ii)

Explain why the electronic

component Y is used?
..................................................
[1 mark]

(d) The following truth table shows

the operation of a logic gate in
the circuit in Diagram 8.2.
Diagram 8.2 shows the circuit used in
the automatic parking barrier.

(a) Name the electronic component

X.
........................................................
[1 mark]
(b) What is the potential different
across the electronic card
detector when the potential
different across resistor S is
4 V?
........................................................
[1 mark]
(c) The electronic component Y is
connected to an electric motor
to lift up the automatic barrier
barrier.
240 V a.c is supplied to the
motor.
(i)
Name the electronic
component Y.
..................................................
[1 mark]

Input P

Input Q

Electronic Input
card
voltage
detector
at P
No
No
Yes
Yes

Coin
Input
detector voltage
at Q
No
Yes
No
Yes

Output
R

Key:
An applicable electronic card is
touched:
High input voltage at P Logic 1
An inapplicable electronic card is
touched:
Low input voltage
ge at P Logic 0
A sufficient amount of coin slotted in:
in
High input voltage at Q Logic 1
An insufficient amount of coin is
slotted in:
Low input voltage at Q Logic 0
(i)

(ii)

Using the given key,

complete the truth table
above
[4 marks]
Name the logic gate in the
circuit in Diagram 12.2.
.................................................
[1 mark]

(iii)

Draw the symbol of the logic

gate in (d)(ii)
[1 mark]

FIZIKMOZAC 2010

(e) Using two switches, two dry

cells and a bulb draw a circuit
that equivalent to logic gate in
d(iii)
[2 marks]

20. Understanding: Johor 07

A semiconductor diode is made from
combination of an n-type
semiconductor and p-type
semiconductor.
(a) Explain how an n-type
semiconductor is produce.
[2 marks]

21. Making decision: Johor 07

You are required to set up a battery
charge for your hand phone by using
lower a.c input voltage as in Diagram
12.3 and in Table 12.1.

Ratio
N1:N2
100

Type of
transformer
core
Solid copper
core

Diode
arrangement
Half-wave
rectification

Laminated
copper core

Full wave
rectification

80
60
40

Solid soft
iron core

20
Laminated
soft iron
core
Table 12.1

Diagram 12.1 and 12.2 shows a circuit

consisting of a diode and a bulb.
(a) Based on Diagram 12.1 and
Diagram 12.2, which bulb will
light up?
[1 mark]
(b) Explain how the bulb will light
up.
[3 marks]
Draw a circuit to produce full-wave
rectification and show the input
Voltage and the output voltage wave
forms.
Explain why a capacitor is connected
in the Diagram 12.3 and how it
functions.

FIZIKMOZAC 2010

Study the information in Diagram 12.3

and Table 12.1 determine:
(i)

(ii)

(iii)

the number of turns in the

primary coil and the
secondary coil of the
transformer and justify your
choice.
the type of core you will use
in the transformer and justify
your choice.
the diode arrangement you
will use and justify your
choice.
[6 marks]

22. Section B: Trengganu 09

Diagram 10.1 and 10.2 show the
deflections of a cathode ray in a
deflection tube.

(ii)

The strength of the electric

field between the metal
plates and the deflection of
the cathode ray.
[1 mark]

(d) Diagram 10.3 shows a shadow is

formed on fluroscent screen
scree of
the Maltese cross tube.
Diagram 10.1

Diagram 10.3
Diagram 10.2
(a) What is the meaning of cathode
ray?
[1 mark]
(b) Using Diagram 10.1 and
Diagram 10.2,
(i)
State the charge of the
cathode ray
[1 mark]

(ii)

Compare the voltage of EHT

connected to the metal plate
and the deflection of the
cathode ray.
[2 marks]

(c) State the relationship between

(i)
The voltage of EHT and the
strength of the electric field
between the metal plates.
[1 mark]
FIZIKMOZAC 2010

Explain how the shadow is

formed on the fluorescent
screen?
[4 marks]
(e) Maltese cross tube in Diagram
10.3 is not suitable for
measuring the frequency of the
sound waves. Suggest
modification that can be made
to the Maltese cros tube in
Diagram 10.3 to transform it into
Cathode Ray Oscilloscope that
can measure the frequency of
the sound waes.

In your suggestion, state the

components that are used and their
function based on the following
aspects:
- the electron gun
- the deflection system
[10 marks]

FIZIKMOZAC 2010