System For Monitoring and Fall Detection of Patients Using Mobile 3-Axis Accelerometers Sensors, Ieee - 2011.

Embedded systems 7842522786/9948887244/9346934699
SYSTEM FOR MONITORING AND FALL DETECTION OF PATIENTS

USING MOBILE 3-AXIS ACCELEROMETERS SENSORS, IEEE 2011.
AIM:
In this project system for monitoring and fall detection of patients using tri-axial
accelerometer together with Zigbee transceiver to detect fall of patients.
PURPOSE:
The system is composed of data acquisition, fall detection and database for analysis. Triaxial accelerometer is used for human position movement tracking and fall detection. The system
is capable of monitoring patients in real time and on the basis of results another important
parameters of patient can be deducted: the quality of therapy, the time spent on different
activities, the joint movement, etc.
BLOCK DIAGRAM:
TRANSMITTER SECTION:
Email: info@purpletechnosolutions.com
www.purpletechnosolutions.com
9030880909/101/202/505/606
LCD
POWER SUPPLY
MICRO
CONTROLLER
ACCELEROMETER
ZIGBEE
RECEVIER SECTION:
PC
POWER SUPPLY
MICRO
CONTROLLER
ZIGBEE
LCD
DESCRIPTION:
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Falls are one of the leading health problems in the elderly community. They can occur in
home as well as in hospitals or in the long-term care institutions. Falls increase risk for serious
injuries, chronic pain, long-term disability, and loss of independence, psychological and social
limitations due to institutionalization. Nearly 50% of older adults hospitalized for fall-related
injuries are discharged to nursing homes or long-term care facilities. A fall can cause
psychological damage even if the person did not suffer a physical injury. Those who fall often
experience decrease activities of daily living and self-care due to fear of falling again. This
behavior decreases their mobility, balance and fitness and leads to reduced social interactions
and increased depression.
The mortality rate for falls increases progressively with age. Falls caused 57% of deaths
due to injuries among females and 36% of deaths among males, age 65 and older. Majority of
falls result from an interaction between multiple long-term and short-term factors in persons
environment. Common risk factors include problems with balance and stability, arthritis, muscle
weakness, multiple medications therapy, depressive symptoms, cardiac disorders, stroke,
impairment in cognition and vision. Detection of a fall possibly leading to injury in timely
manner is crucial for providing adequate medical response and care. Present fall detection
systems can be categorized under one of the following groups:
User activated alarm systems (wireless tags),
Floor vibration-based fall detection,
Wearable sensors (contact sensors and switches, sensors for heart rate and temperature,
Accelerometers, gyroscopes),
Acoustic fall detection,
Visual fall detection.
The most common method for fall detection is using a tri-axial accelerometers or bi-axial
gyroscopes. Accelerometer is a device for measuring acceleration, but is also used to detect free
fall and shock, movement, speed and vibration. Using the threshold algorithms while measuring
changes in acceleration in each direction, it is possible do detect falls with very high accuracy.
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Using two or more tri-axial accelerometers and combining them with gyroscopes at different
body locations it is possible to recognize several kinds of postures (sitting, standing, etc.) and
movements, thereby detecting falls with much better accuracy. An easy and simple method to
detect fall detection of patients is using accelerometer together with Zigbee transceiver to
communicate with Monitoring System through wireless network, and in this paper a system for
monitoring and fall detection of patients using mobile MEMS accelerometers will be presented.
TECHNOLOGY:
ZIGBEE:
Zigbee is new wireless technology guided by IEEE 802.15.4 Personal Area Network
standard. It is primarily designed for the wide range controlling applications and to replace the
existing non-standard technologies. It currently operates in 868 MHz band at a data rate of
20Kbps in Europe, 914MHz band at 40kbps in USA, and the 2.4GHz ISM bands Worldwide at a
maximum data-rate of 250kbps. It is used to verify whether users truncation is possible or not.
One of the main advantages of this ZIGBEE communication is that it provides a noise free
communication, the amount of noise added in this type of communication is very less compared
to the other wireless communications.
MEMS:
Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) is the integration of mechanical elements,
sensors, actuators, and electronics on a common silicon substrate through micro fabrication
technology. While the electronics are fabricated using integrated circuit (IC) process sequences
(e.g., CMOS, Bipolar, or BICMOS processes), the micromechanical components are fabricated
using compatible "micromachining" processes that selectively etch away parts of the silicon
wafer or add new structural layers to form the mechanical and electromechanical devices.
MEMS promises to revolutionize nearly every product category by bringing together
silicon-based microelectronics with micromachining technology, making possible the realization
of complete systems-on-a-chip. MEMS is an enabling technology allowing the development of
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smart products, augmenting the computational ability of microelectronics with the perception
and control capabilities of micro sensors and micro actuators and expanding the space of possible
designs and applications.
Microelectronic integrated circuits can be thought of as the "brains" of a system and
MEMS augments this decision-making capability with "eyes" and "arms", to allow
Microsystems to sense and control the environment. Sensors gather information from the
environment through measuring mechanical, thermal, biological, chemical, optical, and magnetic
phenomena. The electronics then process the information derived from the sensors and through
some decision making capability direct the actuators to respond by moving, positioning,
regulating, pumping, and filtering, thereby controlling the environment for some desired
outcome or purpose. Because MEMS devices are manufactured using batch fabrication
techniques similar to those used for integrated circuits, unprecedented levels of functionality,
reliability, and sophistication can be placed on a small silicon chip at a relatively low cost.
HARDWARE:
1. Micro Controllers
2. Accelerometer
3. Zigbee
4. Power supply
SOFTWARES:
1. Embedded C
2. Keil vision
3. Flash magic
4. Express PCB
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RESULT:
Hence, Experiment shows the system for monitoring and fall detection of patients using
3-axial accelerometer together with Zigbee transceiver to detect fall of patients. The system is
composed of data acquisition, fall detection.
9030880909/101/202/505/606

System For Monitoring and Fall Detection of Patients Using Mobile 3-Axis Accelerometers Sensors, Ieee - 2011.

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System For Monitoring and Fall Detection of Patients Using Mobile 3-Axis Accelerometers Sensors, Ieee - 2011.

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Embedded systems 7842522786/9948887244/9346934699