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DESIGNING AN EFFICIENT
COMPRESSED AIR
DISTRIBUTION NETWORK
The main source of inefficiencies and problems
affecting compressed air distribution systems is
often the distribution plan of the system itself.
The majority of problems therefore usually occur
somewhere between the compressor and the
application points.
Most systems are usually of either of two types:
Dead-end network
Octopus network
neither of which provides the best results
DEAD-END NETWORK
COMPRESSOR
CONVENTION AL
NET WORK
OCTOPUS NETWORK
TOPRING
COMPRESSOR
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OCT OPUS
NET WORK
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THE PROBLEM
More than 98% of factories using
compressed air started out with a
dead-end network.
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THE SOLUTION
The secret to planning an efficient,
problem-free distribution network is
actually quite simple. The goal is to
achieve a balance between flow and
pressure to maintain the ideal situation at
all points of use, while providing for future
expansion and remaining flexible in the
face of varying compressed air needs.
COMPRESSOR
TOPRING
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06 SYSTEM DESIGN
07
Pre-formed Pipe
Water
Trap Tee
Pipe Clip
Ball Valve
Y Strainer
Automatic
Drain
TOPRING
36
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NETWORK TYPES
Flow capacity is a function of total network length; longer lines require larger diameters to maintain the same flow and minimise
pressure drop.
The type of network used will also have an impact on line size. There are two basic types of network designs: closed loop and
linear/dead-end. Both are commonly used for compressed air networks.
LINEAR/DEAD-END NETWORK
EFFECTIVE LENGTH
= ABC
EFFECTIVE LENGTH
= 1/2 x ABCDA
= ABC
For a closed loop system, the fact that there are always at least two
paths to any point on the loop means that only half of the total length
must be considered when sizing the main air line
22 mm
28 mm
40 mm
63 mm
Ball Valve
+4"
+12"
+16"
+20"
+28"
Reducer
+16"
+20"
+24"
+28"
+39"
90 Elbow
+28"
+51"
+59"
+79"
+138"
T Fitting
+32"
+59"
+79"
+98"
+158"
TOPRING
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PIPE DIAMETERS
63 mm - 2-1/2"
40 mm - 1-1/2"
28 mm - 1"
See
page 78 for
Series 06
22 mm - 3/4"
15 mm - 1/2"
SCFM
5
10
20
30
40
60
80
100
125
160
200
TOPRING
300
38
400
500
600
800
15
15
15
15
15
22
22
22
22
28
28
40
40
40
40
63
50
15
15
15
22
22
22
22
28
28
28
28
40
40
40
63
63
100
200
15
15
15
15
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
28
28
28
28
28
28
40
40
40
40
40
40
63
40
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
300
15
15
22
22
28
28
40
40
40
40
40
63
63
63
63
400
15
22
22
22
28
28
40
40
40
40
63
63
63
63
63
500
15
22
22
28
28
40
40
40
40
40
63
63
63
63
600
15
22
22
28
28
40
40
40
40
63
63
63
63
63
700
15
22
22
28
28
40
40
40
40
63
63
63
63
800
15
22
22
28
28
40
40
40
40
63
63
63
63
900 1000
15
22
22
28
28
40
40
40
63
63
63
63
63
15
22
28
28
28
40
40
40
63
63
63
63
63
Calculations based on total maximum pressure drop ( P) of no more than 3 PSIG for entire network, at 100 PSIG @ 60 F
Total flow required is the sum of all flows for all compressed air powered tools and equipment
Note that a typical compressor will produce approximately 4 SCFM per HP
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PIPE DIAMETERS
63 mm - 2-1/2"
40 mm - 1-1/2"
28 mm - 1"
See
page 79 for
Series 06
22 mm - 3/4"
15 mm - 1/2"
SCFM
5
10
20
30
40
60
80
100
125
160
200
300
500
600
800
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900 1000
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
22
15
22
15
22
15
22
15
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
15
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
28
22
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
40
22
22
22
22
22
28
28
28
28
40
28
40
28
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
22
28
28
28
28
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
63
40
63
63
63
28
28
28
40
40
40
40
40
40
63
40
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
28
40
40
40
40
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
40
40
40
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
22
22
28
40
40
40
63
63
63
63
63
Calculations based on total maximum pressure drop ( P) of no more than 3 PSIG for entire network, at 100 PSIG @ 60 F
Total flow required is the sum of all flows for all compressed air powered tools and equipment
Note that a typical compressor will produce approximately 4 SCFM per HP
TOPRING
400
50
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eries 050607
COMPRESSED AIR
DISTRIBUTION
SYSTEMS
Series 05
AIR LINE Nylon
46
Series 06
Aluminium and Nylon
74
Series 07
40
58
w w w . T O P R I N G . c o m
TOPRING
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COMPRESSED AIR
SYSTEMS ?
TOPRING compressed air piping
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TOPRING
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Choosing low cost piping and fittings may lower installed costs
slightly, but will lead to additional costs over the years of system
operation that will far surpass any initial savings.
INSTALLATION COSTS
Labour costs for a TOPRING air distribution system can be as
low as one quarter of the cost of installing a conventional system.
The combination of lightweight materials with easy to use
push-to-connect fittings means that installations can be done in
as little as 25% of the time required for comparable black pipe or
galvanised Steel installations.
TOPRING systems also require less specialized labour, and can
often be installed by the user without outside help.
TOPRING air system components are lightweight and
easy to handle, reducing installation time and costs
OPERATING COSTS
TUBING OR PIPING
OVER TIME
PRESSURE DROP
TOPRING
Pressure drop occurs when the air system cannot keep up with
consumption, reducing tool efficiency and therefore reducing
productivity.
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ALUMINIUM
NYLON
STEEL
RUST
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LEAKS
TOPRING compressed air distribution systems use leakproof push-to-connect type fittings, eliminating the risk of
leaks from faulty welds or badly sealed threads.
MAINTENANCE COSTS
Maintenance costs for conventional systems will increase
over time as the components deteriorate. TOPRING air
distribution components will not deteriorate.
TOPRING systems remain leak free, eliminating the need
for leak audits to limit compressed air loss.
High quality QUALICOAT paint prevents scratching and,
combined with the absence of corrosion, TOPRING piping
systems do not need to be repainted over time.
TOPRING piping is painted blue for easy identification
$$$$
TRADITIONAL STEEL OR
COPPER SYSTEMS
TOPRING
Maintenance costs
Operating costs
Installation costs
COMPRESSED AIR
DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS
$$$$
Maintenance costs
Operating costs
Fittings and
piping costs
Fittings and
piping costs
TOPRING
Installation costs
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TOPRING
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Leak-free system
Designed with reliable O-ring seals,
TOPRING compressed air distribution
systems ensure virtually leak-proof
operation
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Page 45
TOPRING
COMPRESSED AIR
SYSTEMS
ARE COMPATIBLE
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Actual dimensions
PIPING
15
22
28
FITTINGS
15
28 mm
22
28
22 mm
15 mm
175
PSI
Calibrated Nylon
175
Composite Push-In
PSI
175
PSI
220
PSI
Calibrated Aluminium
Brass Push-In
Actual dimensions
Series 07 QUICK LINE
PIPING
40
63 mm
63
40
40 mm
63
220
PSI
Calibrated Aluminium
Brass Compression
TOPRING
FITTINGS
45