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INTRODUCTION
The use of structure is human need from the early past but in early days the
design of structures was a tedious job with lots of calculations. All the design
work, analysis and calculation were done manually by referring to the design
codes. With the passage of time the design of buildings evolved.
With the evolution the design of the buildings became more complicated and
difficult
The complexity of concrete structures and fast-track projects makes a simplified
structural model desirable during the preliminary design process. Likewise, in
the preliminary design phase, working with the structure in all its complexity
does not prove to be efficient. Instead, a highly simplified conceptual model of
the basic structural system is sufficient. To be useful, the model should capture
the essentials of the structural behavior and indicate the way the structure
channels the applied loads in to the foundations. Thus, models and numerical
results obtained from computerized preliminary design are most useful in
estimating the behavior of structures. And for avoiding enormous calculations
and errors and saving the time, we can rely on design software such as
STAAD-PRO and ETABS. The software can solve typical problem like Static
analysis, Seismic analysis and Natural frequency. This type of problem can be
solved by STAAD-PRO and ETABS along with IS-CODE. Moreover, the
greater advantage is, these software gives more accurate and precise result than
the manual technique.
I considered a 3D RCC frame of dimensions 30 m X 12 m. 30 m span is in X
direction and 12 m span is in Z direction. The height of the each floor is 3.7 m.
The Y axis consists of 6 floors. The structure is subjected to Self weight dead
load, live load and seismic load. Seismic load calculations are done following IS
1893-2000. The materials are specified and cross-sections of the beam and
column members were assigned. The supports at the base of the structure were
taken as fixed. The codes of practice to be followed were also specified for
design purpose with other important details. Then STAAD.Pro and ETABS
were used to analyse the structure .
.1 Purpose of study
The principle objective of this project is to analyse and compare the results of a
multi-storeyed building using STAAD Pro and ETABS. The said softwares are
among the leading design softwares and are used by many design firms for the
purpose of designing. The user i9nteraface of STAAD.Pro and ETABS are very
interactive which helps the user in easy drawing of frames and input the load
values and dimensions. Then according to the specified criteria assigned it
analyses the structure and designs the members with reinforcement details .
General
A structure can be defined as a body which can resist the applied loads
without appreciable deformations. Civil engineering structures are created to
serve some specific functions like human habitation, transportation, bridge,
storage etc. in a safe and economical way. A structure is an assemblage of
individual elements like pinned elements (truss elements), beam element,
column, shear wall slab cable or arch. Structural engineering is concerned with
the planning, designing and the construction of structures. Structure analysis
involves the determination of the forces and displacements of the structures or
components of a structure. Design process involves the selection and detailing
of the components that make up the structural system. The main object of
reinforced concrete design is to achieve a structure that will result in a safe
economical solution.
engine. The STAAD analysis engine is described in this section. The contents of
an input file are read processed and the results are written to an output file. In
addition, this also creates plot files for further processing by the graphic
modules in this section, only those portions of the software are covered which
were actually used in analysing and designing the project structure. The ultimate
for Computerized Structural Engineering, STAAD Pro is the next generation of
the STAAD product line, the most powerful structural engineering software in
the world. With over 150,000 installations, 15,000 clients, design codes for 30
countries and NRC/NUPIC certification, STAAD Pro is the choice of
professional engineers around the world. STAAD Pro includes several new
exciting features including integrated shear wall and two-way slab design, a full
backup manager, physical members and moment connections for steel design
and the ability to write macros inside of STAAD for further customization. Here
are some short descriptions on the new features in STAAD Pro.
Staad is powerful design software licensed by Bentley .Staad stands for
structural analysis and design. Any object which is stable under a given loading
can be considered as structure. So first find the outline of the structure, where as
analysis is the estimation of what are the type of loads that acts on the beam and
calculation of shear force and bending moment comes under analysis stage.
Design phase is designing the type of materials and its dimensions to resist the
load. This we do after the analysis. To calculate s.f.d and b.m.d of a complex
loading beam it takes about an hour. So when it comes into the building with
several members it will take a week. Staad pro is a very powerful tool which
does this job in just an hours. Staad is a best alternative for high rise buildings.
Now days most of the high rise buildings are designed by staad which makes a
compulsion for a civil engineer to know about this software. This software can
be used to carry rcc, steel, bridge, truss etc according to various country codes.
Salient features
Utility of building
Office building
No of stories
5
Shape of the building
Rectangular
No. of rooms
5 halls
Type of construction R.C.C framed structure
Types of walls
brick wall
Geometric details
4.0m
Height of plinth
4.0 m
Size of column
0.5 m x 0.5 m
Size of beam B1
0.35m x 0.70 m
Size of beam B2
0.25m x 0.50m
Size of beam B3
0.30m x 0.50m
Material details
Concrete grade
Steel grade
M25
Fe415
CHAPTER-2
LITERATURE REVIEW
SukumarBehera, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela (May 2012)
studied the behavior of multistory building with and without floating column is
studied under different earthquake excitation. The compatible time history and
Elcentro earthquake data been considered with PGA scaled to 0.2g and duration
of excitation kept same. A finite element model was developed to study the
dynamic behavior of multistory frame. The static and free vibration results and
the dynamic analysis of frame is studied by varying the column dimension and
concluded that with increase in ground floor column the maximum
displacement, inter storey drift values are reduced. The base shear and
overturning moment vary with the change in column dimension
Mr.S.Mahesh, Mr.Dr.B.Panduranga Rao (Department of Civil
Engineering/ V R Siddhartha Engineering College, India) performed
analysis and design of regular and irregular configuration of residential G+11
multistory building in various seismic zones and various types of soils using
ETABS and STAAD Pro V8i. The behavior of G+11 multistory building of
regular and irregular configuration under wind loads assumed to act
simultaneously with earth quake loads. The analysis carried out by considering
different seismic zones and for each zone the behavior is assessed by taking
three different types of soils namely Hard, Medium and Soft. When compared
the both the regular and irregular configuration, concluded that the base shear
value is more in the regular configuration as the structure have more
symmetrical dimensions and the story drift value is more in the regular
configuration as the structure has more dimensions. Finally when compared the
both softwares the STAAD PROV8i has more value. The area of the steel is 5
to 10%.
Prashanth.P, Anshuman.S, Pandey.R.K, Arpan Herbert(2012)Compared
design results of a Structure designed using STAAD and ETABS, regular and a
plan irregular (as per IS 1893) multi storey building structure designed using
STAAD Pro and ETABS softwares separately and concluded that ETABS gave
lesser area of required steel as compared to STAAD Pro. Form the design
results of column; since the required steel for the column forces in this
particular problem is less than the minimum steel limit of column (i.e., 0.8%),
CHAPTER-3
LOADINGS
3.1 Load Conditions and Structural System Response
The concepts presented in this section provide an overview of building loads
and their effect on the structural response of typical wood-framed homes.
Building loads can be divided into types based on the orientation of the
structural action or forces that they induce: vertical and horizontal (i.e., lateral)
loads. Classification of loads are described in the following sections
Types of loads
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Vertical Loads
Dead (gravity)
Live (gravity)
Snow(gravity)
Wind(uplift on roof)
Seismic and wind (overturning)
Seismic( vertical ground motion)
CHAPTER 4
METHODOLOGY