UOP Confidential Insulation Specification

Note: The information in this document is confidential and the property of UOP LLC and must not be disclosed
to others or reproduced in any manner or used for any purpose whatsoever without its written permission.
Revision
Indication
UOP LLC
25 East Algonquin Road
Des Plaines, Illinois 60017-5017, USA
EXTERNAL HIGH TEMPERATURE INSULATION

AND WEATHERSHIELDING
STANDARD SPECIFICATION
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Table of Contents
Table of Contents ......................................................................................................................................... 1
1.
GENERAL ...................................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Scope ........................................................................................................................................ 1
1.2 References ................................................................................................................................ 2
1.3 Definitions ................................................................................................................................ 4
2.
DESIGN .......................................................................................................................................... 5
2.1 Personnel Protection................................................................................................................. 5
2.2 Heat Conservation .................................................................................................................... 5
2.3 Insulating Temperature ............................................................................................................ 6
2.4 Extent of Insulation .................................................................................................................. 6
2.5 Insulation of Flanges ................................................................................................................ 7
2.6 Steam and Electrical Heat Tracing ........................................................................................... 8
2.7 Fire Insulation .......................................................................................................................... 8
2.8 Noise Reduction ....................................................................................................................... 9
2.9 Weatherproofing ...................................................................................................................... 9
3.
MATERIALS ................................................................................................................................. 9
3.1 Insulation .................................................................................................................................. 9
3.2 Jacket Weatherproofing.......................................................................................................... 10
3.3 Mastics and Coating Finish Weatherproofing ........................................................................ 11
4.
APPLICATION ............................................................................................................................ 12
4.1 General ................................................................................................................................... 12
4.2 Insulation ................................................................................................................................ 12
4.3 Metal Weatherproofing .......................................................................................................... 13
4.4 Mastic Weatherproofing ......................................................................................................... 14
4.5 Handling, Transporting, Cutting, and Fitting of Insulation.................................................... 14
1.
GENERAL
1.1
Form QUA-03-6
Scope
a.
This Standard Specification covers the general requirements for external

insulation and weathershielding applied to equipment and piping operating from
70F (20C) through 1500F (815C). Selection of the insulation system and its
attachment method shall be the responsibility of the Owner/Contractor, consistent
with the requirements of UOP Project Specifications.
b.
Insulation is used to perform the following tasks:

(1)
Personnel protection
(2)
Heat conservation
(3)
Fire insulation
(4)
Noise reduction
Note: The information in this document is confidential and the property of UOP LLC and must not be disclosed to others or reproduced in any manner or used for any purpose whatsoever without its written permission.
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Exceptions or variations shown in the UOP Project Specifications take

precedence over the requirements shown herein.
References
Unless noted below, use the edition and addenda of each referenced document current on
the date of this Standard Specification. When a referenced document incorporates
another document, use the edition of that document required by the referenced document.
a.
Form QUA-03-6
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM):

(1)
A 240 /
A 240M
Standard Specification for Chromium and ChromiumNickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for
Pressure Vessels and for General Applications.
(2)
A 463/
A 463M
Standard Specification for Steel Sheet, AluminumCoated, by the Hot-Dip Process.
(3)
A 653/
A 653M
Standard Specification for Steel Sheet, Zinc-Coated

(Galvanized) or Zinc-Iron Alloy-Coated (Galvannealed)
by the Hot-Dip Process.
(4)
A 792/
A 792M
Standard Specification for Steel Sheet, 55%

Aluminum-Zinc Alloy-Coated by the Hot-Dip Process.
(5)
B 209/
B 209M
Standard Specification for Aluminum and AluminumAlloy Sheet and Plate.
(6)
C 150
Standard Specification for Portland Cement.
(7)
C 168
Standard Terminology Relating to Thermal

Insulation.
(8)
C 195
Standard Specification for Mineral Fiber Thermal

Insulating Cement.
(9)
C 449/
C 449M
Standard Specification for Mineral Fiber HydraulicSetting Thermal Insulating and Finishing Cement.
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(10)
C 450
Standard Practice for Fabrication of Thermal

Insulating Fitting Covers for NPS Piping and Vessel
Lagging.
(11)
C 533
Standard Specification for Calcium Silicate Block and

Pipe Thermal Insulation.
(12)
C 547
Standard Specification for Mineral Fiber Pipe

Insulation.
(13)
C 552
Standard Specification for Cellular Glass Thermal

Insulation.
(14)
C 553
Standard Specification for Mineral Fiber Blanket

Thermal Insulation for Commercial and Industrial
Applications.
(15)
C 585
Standard Practice for Inner and Outer Diameters of

Rigid Thermal Insulation for Nominal Sizes of Pipe and
Tubing (NPS System).
(16)
C 592
Standard Specification for Mineral Fiber Blanket

Insulation and Blanket-Type Pipe Insulation (MetalMesh Covered) (Industrial Type).
(17)
C 610
Standard Specification for Molded Expanded Perlite

Block and Pipe Thermal Insulation.
(18)
C 612
Standard Specification for Mineral Fiber Block and

Board Thermal Insulation.
(19)
C 647
Standard Guide to Properties and Tests of Mastics and

Coating Finishes for Thermal Insulation.
(20)
C 795
Standard Specification for Thermal Insulation for Use

in Contact with Austenitic Stainless Steel.
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(21)
C 892
Standard Specification for High-Temperature Fiber

Blanket Thermal Insulation.
(22)
C 921
Standard Practice for Determining the Properties of

Jacketing Materials for Thermal Insulation.
(23)
C 929
Standard Practice for Handling, Transporting,

Shipping, Storage, Receiving, and Application of
Thermal Insulation Materials for Use in Contact with
Austenitic Stainless Steel.
(24)
C 930
Standard Classification of Potential Health and Safety

Concerns Associated with Thermal Insulation Materials
and Accessories.
(25)
C 1029
Standard Specification for Spray-Applied Rigid

Cellular Polyurethane Thermal Insulation.
(26)
C 1094
Standard Guide for Flexible Removable Insulation

Covers.
(27)
E 84
Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of

Building Materials.
b.
American Petroleum Institute (API) Recommended Practice (RP) 521, Guide for
Pressure-Relieving and Depressuring Systems.
c.
American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) B31.3, Process Piping.
d.
ASME. Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section I, Rules for the Construction
of Power Boilers
e.
National Association of Corrosion Engineer (NACE) International Standard

Practice SP-0198, Control of Corrosion Under Thermal Insulation and
Fireproofing Materials A System Approach
f.
National, state, and local governmental regulations and laws.
Definitions
Terms pertaining to insulation systems used in UOP Specifications shall be defined in
accordance with ASTM C 168.
Form QUA-03-6
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DESIGN
2.1
2.2
Form QUA-03-6
Personnel Protection
a.
The primary consideration for using personnel protection insulation shall be to

limit the temperature of exposed surfaces.
b.
Personnel protection shall be provided on portions of equipment or piping 7 feet

(2100 mm) or less above grade, platforms, or walkways and within 3 feet (900
mm) horizontally of handrails, platforms, or walkways adjacent to paths traveled
by personnel.
c.
Equipment and piping with a bare metal temperature above 150F (65C) and
that do not require insulation for heat conservation shall be provided with
personnel protection.
d.
Design of personnel protection insulation shall be based upon summer day bulb
temperature of minimum 95 F (35C) and low wind velocity at maximum 2 mph
to reflect a worst case condition.
e.
The outer surface temperature of insulation system(s) shall not exceed 150F
(65C) within the envelope defined in Section 2.1.b.
f.
Where the operating temperature is 250F (120C) or less, corrosion under

insulation is a concern. Personnel protection shall be by barriers, shield, or open
guards, not insulation.
g.
Where personnel protection is required, but insulation is neither permitted nor

provided, protection shall consist of barriers, shields, or open guards at least 3
inches (75 mm) from the hot surface.
Heat Conservation
a.
Heat conservation insulation shall be used if normal operating temperature

exceeds 150F (65C), unless loss of heat is desirable.
b.
When the operating temperature is below 250F (120C) and heat conservation
insulation is needed, measures shall be taken for corrosion under insulation.
c.
The rate of heat loss per unit area through the selected insulation system(s) is
based upon average annual ambient temperature and average annual wind speed
and shall be limited to the values specified below:
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Maximum Operating
Temperature
F ( C )
70 400 ( 21 205 )
401 - 500 ( 206 - 260 )
501 - 600 (261 315 )
601 - 700 (316 370)
701 - 900 (371 480)
Above 900 (480)
2.3
b.
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Maximum Rate of Heat Loss

(based on insulation system mean
temperature)
Btu/ft2h
W/m2
Kcal/m2h
70
220
186
75
235
200
80
250
213
85
270
226
90
285
240
95
300
253
Insulating Temperature
a.
2.4
Equipment
(1)
Equipment shall be insulated for the highest operating temperature listed

in the UOP Project Specifications. For compressors and exchangers, use
the higher of the inlet or outlet temperature.
(2)
Steam turbines shall be insulated for the maximum operating temperature

of the steam supply listed in the UOP Project Specifications.
Piping
(1)
With the exception of steam supply, exhaust and condensate, piping shall
be insulated for the highest operating temperature of the connected
equipment. The temperatures are listed in the UOP Project
Specifications.
(2)
Steam supply, exhaust, condensate piping and flanges, including valve

body to bonnet flanges, shall be insulated for the maximum operating
temperature listed in the UOP Project Specifications. Lines exhausting
to atmosphere do not require insulation.
(3)
Steam generation piping systems per ASME Section I shall be insulated

for the maximum operating temperature and as shown n UOP project
specification.
Extent of Insulation
a.
Equipment and piping requiring insulation for process reasons are indicated on
the UOP Piping and Instrument Diagrams (P&IDs).
b.
Manways and exchanger heads shall be insulated with easily removable and
reusable insulation system(s).
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c.
Piping and equipment insulation shall be continuous at all penetrations.
d.
Expansion joint bellows, ball joints, strainers, steam traps, and valve packing
glands shall not be insulated.
e.
Insulation shall be applied so that there is no interference with either the

operation or function of the equipment, instrument, or valves. Gauges, dials,
sightglasses, etc. shall remain unobstructed and in clear view.
f.
External stiffening rings on vessels and piping shall be insulated with the same
thickness as required for vessels or piping. The entire stiffening ring shall be
maintained at the same temperature as the shell of vessel and piping.
g.
An air space, as defined in Figure 1, is required at vessel to skirt connections

when the operating temperature of the vessel exceeds 700F (370C) or is greater
than 500F (260C) with a wall thickness greater than 2 inches (50 mm).
h.
Insulation shall be applied behind the nameplate mounting bracket(s) but

insulation shall not cover the nameplate.
Insulation of Flanges
a.
Form QUA-03-6
General
(1)
Flanges, including valve body to bonnet flanges, on insulated process

lines or equipment with an operating temperature over 800F (425C)
shall not be insulated.
(2)
Flanges in toxic, or severe cycling services as defined in ASME B31.3,

Paragraph 300.2 shall not be insulated.
(3)
Flanges in hydrogen service [hydrogen service is defined as a system

containing hydrogen as a major component in the process stream or
when the hydrogen partial pressure is equal to or greater than 100 psia
(7.0 kg/cm2) or service containing 90% hydrogen or higher at any
pressure level] shall not be insulated.
(4)
Heat traced flanges shall be insulated.
(5)
Provide adequate space for removal of flange bolting without damage to

the surrounding insulation. Void areas are to be packed with a mineral
fiber insulation.
(6)
Heat traced flanges for hydrogen, toxic, and severe cyclic services, when
insulated, shall meet the requirement of Paragraph 2.5.b.(1).
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c.
2.6
2.7
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Requirements for Insulated Flanges

(1)
For hydrocarbon and other hazardous services, a flange leak detection

system shall be provided. The use of sniffers shall be determined on a
case by case basis consistent with local laws and codes.
(2)
Insulation systems around flanged joints shall be provided with 1/2 inch
(12 mm) drain and vent tubes ("telltales"). The drains and vents shall be
piped to a safe location.
(3)
The design shall permit removal of the insulation system and flange
bolting without damage to the insulation.
(4)
Bolting materials shall be suitable for the insulated flange maximum

operating temperature, considering stress, strain, and creep.
(5)
Flanges with spectacle blinds shall be provided with flexible type

removable and reusable insulation systems.
Weathershielding
(1)
Requirements for weathershielding are indicated on the UOP P&ID's and

UOP Project Specifications.
(2)
Weathershielding of flanges shall be in accordance with Figures 2 and 3.

Flanges shall not be weathershielded until pressure and leak testing are
complete.
Steam and Electrical Heat Tracing

a.
The primary consideration for using tracing and associated insulation shall be
control of process temperatures.
b.
Insulation for steam and electric heat tracing shall be in accordance with UOP
Project Specifications. The equipment and pipe insulation may be oversized to
accommodate the tracer(s).
Fire Insulation
a.
The primary consideration for the use of fire protection insulation shall be
control of the rate of heat gain in a fire.
b.
Credit for the insulation may be considered for evaluation of the fire exposure
relief case of equipment and piping. Where this credit is taken, the insulation
thickness and other requirements shall be in accordance with API RP 521,
Section 3.15.5.
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2.9
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Noise Reduction
a.
The primary consideration for use of noise reduction insulation shall be control
of noise to industry standard level.
b.
Where noise reduction is needed, a composite system of a sound absorber and

sound barrier shall be utilized. For more effective treatment, multiple layers of
the composite system shall be used, resulting in a decoupled barrier system.
Securement shall be by glass reinforced adhesive tape. No screws or Z clips
are permitted.
Weatherproofing
Weatherproofing shall be applied to all insulation.
3.
MATERIALS
3.1
Insulation
a.
Form QUA-03-6
Insulation materials shall conform to the following:

(1)
Mineral fiber thermal insulating cement in accordance with ASTM

C 195.
(2)
Mineral fiber hydraulic setting thermal insulating and finishing cement in

accordance with ASTM C 449/C 449M.
(3)
Calcium silicate block and pipe thermal insulation in accordance with

ASTM C 533.
(4)
Mineral fiber pipe insulation in accordance with ASTM C 547.
(5)
Cellular glass thermal insulation in accordance with ASTM C 552.
(6)
Mineral fiber blanket thermal insulation in accordance with ASTM

C 553.
(7)
Mineral fiber blanket insulation (metal-mesh covered) in accordance

with ASTM C 592.
(8)
Molded expanded perlite block and pipe thermal insulation in accordance

with ASTM C 610.
(9)
Mineral fiber block and board thermal insulation in accordance with

ASTM C 612.
(10)
High temperature fiber blanket thermal insulation in accordance with

ASTM C 892.
(11)
Spray-applied rigid cellular polyurethane thermal insulation in

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b.
Insulating materials, finishing cements, coatings, fabrics, sealants, flashing

compounds, etc., shall be asbestos-free, non-corrosive whether wet or dry, and
suitable for application to the substrate surface.
c.
Thermal insulation and accessories to be used in contact with austenitic stainless

steel surfaces shall be in accordance with ASTM C 795.
d.
Inner and outer diameters of rigid insulation for piping and tubing shall be in
e.
Insulation used for fire exposure or as part of a fireproofing system shall function
effectively, retaining its integrity and insulating value, when exposed to fire
temperatures and duration in accordance with API RP 521, Paragraphs 3.15.5.2
through 3.15.5.4 for up to two hours. The insulation shall also resist dislodgment
by fire water streams.
f.
Consideration shall be given to select the insulation materials to be used for wet
(e.g. coastal) locations where moisture absorption is a concern. The typical
rankings for resistance to moisture from best to worst are cellular glass, perlite,
mineral wool, and calcium silicate.
g.
Insulation in areas subjected to abuse shall be selected considering its ability to

resist damage. The typical ranking for resistance to damage from best to worst
are calcium silicate, perlite, cellular glass, mineral wool and glass fiber.
h.
Insulation materials and vapor barriers for weatherproofing shall have a

maximum flame spread of 25 in accordance with ASTM E 84.
i.
Joint sealers and flashing compounds shall be non-shrinking and permanently

flexible.
j.
Removable insulation covers shall be in accordance with ASTM C 1094.
Jacket Weatherproofing
a.
Form QUA-03-6
General
(1)
Jacketing material shall be stainless steel, zinc or aluminum coated steel,

or aluminum in accordance with ASTM C 921.
(2)
Stainless steel or steel jackets are required on any insulation system

where insulation is considered to be in place for the relief valve fire
exposure design case, or is a part of a fireproofing system.
(3)
Stainless steel or steel jackets are required in areas subject to severe

mechanical damage.
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(4)
Jacketing shall be provided with a heat laminated factory-installed

moisture barrier.
(5)
Jacketing for exposed heads of vessels and tanks shall be fabricated from
stucco embossed sheet and either a multi-segmented or single piece
tapered type installation. Edges shall be overlapped with a bead of
flexible joint sealant applied on the lap.
(6)
3/16 inch (5 mm) pitch corrugated or crimped jacketing shall be used on

piping over 24 inches in diameter and horizontal vessels, exchangers, and
equipment. Flat or smooth jacketing may be used on piping through 24
inches in diameter, and on equipment heads.
(7)
1-1/4 inch (32 mm) pitch corrugated or crimped jacketing shall be used
on vertical vessels and storage tanks.
(8)
Circumferential corrugations shall be used for services subject to severe

mechanical damage.
(9)
Metal weatherproofing subject to corrosive environments shall be coated

with a material which resists the environment.
Jacketing materials shall conform to the following:

(1)
Stainless steel jacketing materials shall be in accordance with ASTM A

240, Type 304 or 316.
(2)
Aluminum jacketing materials shall be in accordance with ASTM B 209/

B 209M, Type 3003-H14 or 5005-H14.
(3)
Aluminum coated steel jacketing materials shall be in accordance with

ASTM A 463/A 463M.
(4)
Zinc coated steel jacketing materials shall be in accordance with ASTM

A 653/ A 653M.
(5)
55% aluminum alloy-coated steel materials (hot dipped) shall be in

accordance with ASTM A 792.
Mastics and Coating Finish Weatherproofing

a.
Mastic and coating finish materials shall be in accordance with ASTM C 647.
b.
Weatherproofing shall be a vapor-permeable type.
c.
Weatherproofing material shall be asbestos-free, non-corrosive whether wet or

dry, and suitable for application to the substrate surface.
d.
Weatherproofing material shall have a maximum flame spread of 25 in

accordance with ASTM E 84.
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e.
Reinforcement shall be plain open mesh glass or polyester fiber.
f.
Portland cement shall be in accordance with ASTM C 150.
g.
To minimize the stress corrosion cracking (SCC) under insulation, the substrate
shall be coated as per NACE Standard Practice SP-0198.
APPLICATION
4.1
4.2
Form QUA-03-6
General
a.
Insulation contractor shall have previous experience with the materials, insulating
system, and installation procedures to be used.
b.
Insulation and weatherproofing shall only be applied on dry and clean surfaces.
c.
Weld seams, flanged and threaded connections, and telltale holes shall not be
insulated until pressure and leak testing, non-destructive examination, and heat
treatment are completed.
d.
Valves, gauges, piping, etc. shall be inspected, non-destructive tested and

repaired prior to application of insulation.
e.
Working parts of valves and other mechanical equipment shall be protected when
insulation is applied.
f.
Insulation systems for equipment and piping shall permit access to parts
requiring maintenance without damaging the insulation system.
g.
The insulation system shall accommodate expansion and contraction of

equipment and piping.
Insulation
a.
Materials shall be kept dry. Insulation showing any evidence of moisture

exposure shall not be used.
b.
Exposed insulation shall be protected against moisture until the weatherproofing

is installed. Insulation shall be covered with the weatherproofing on the same
day the insulation is installed. When installation is halted for more than one
hour, the exposed ends shall be temporarily protected with mastic
weatherproofing.
c.
Insulation shall conform to the contour of the item to be insulated. Before

applying weatherproofing, the insulation shall be inspected for open joints, voids,
cracks, and defacing. Insulation with open joints, voids, and cracks shall be
completely removed, replaced, and resealed. Defaced insulation shall be filled
with sealing compound.
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d.
A single layer of insulation shall be used up to 3 inches (75 mm) thick. Over 3
inches (75 mm), the insulation may be applied in single or multiple layers.
Minimum thickness of insulation shall be 1 inch (40 mm).
e.
The bottom 3 feet (900 mm) of tank shells shall be insulated with cellular glass,
mineral fiber blocks and / or expanded perlite.
f.
Longitudinal butt joints in each layer of insulation shall be staggered.
g.
When applying multi-layer insulation, each succeeding layer shall be staggered

relative to the longitudinal and circumferential joints of the preceding layer.
h.
The inner layers of multiple-layer insulation and insulation on irregular

equipment surfaces (where use of bands and seals is impractical) shall be secured
using stainless steel wire. The wire shall be taut and embedded in the insulation.
The ends shall be bent over and embedded into the insulation.
Metal Weatherproofing
a.
Jacketing shall be installed weather-tight, exposed edges of insulation shall not

be permitted. Insulation openings such as for tracers, instrument connections,
hangers, valve glands, etc., shall be flashed weather-tight. Lap joints of jacketing
shall be arranged so that the overlaps shed water. On horizontal installations, the
longitudinal lap shall be approximately 45 from the bottom.
b.
Jacketing shall be installed with a minimum lap of 3 inches (75 mm) for
circumferential joints and the greater of 3 inches (75 mm) or two corrugations for
longitudinal joints. Jacketing shall overlap mastic weatherproofing coatings by a
minimum of 3 inches (75 mm). Each lap shall be filled with a sealer.
c.
Jacketing for vertical piping and equipment shall be installed starting at the
bottom and working upward. Corrugated sheets shall be applied with the
corrugations positioned vertically, except as noted in paragraph 3.2.a (8), and
supported at the horizontal joints by components fabricated from stainless steel.
Vertical joints shall be staggered between courses.
d.
Jacketing shall be secured with stainless steel bands. Bands shall cover seams
between sections of jacketing. Breather springs shall be used where required for
expansion and contraction.
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Mastic Weatherproofing
a.
For valves, fittings, and other irregular surfaces, mastic coating with reinforcing
fabric may serve as the weatherproofing. In abused areas metal jacket
weatherproofing shall be provided.
b.
Spheres, tanks, pumps, and compressors shall be weatherproofed with reinforcing

fabric and mastic weatherproofing.
c.
Mastic weatherproofing shall be used as flashing at all possible sources of

moisture penetration. Mastic shall be applied to all corners and crevices where
water is likely to collect.
d.
Mastic weatherproofing shall contain reinforcing material.
e.
Prior to application of mastics, the instruments, gauges, metal weatherproofing,

non-insulated items, etc. shall be protected from splatter, rebound, and overspray.
Handling, Transporting, Cutting, and Fitting of Insulation

a.
Health and safety concerns associated with thermal insulation materials,

accessories, and their application shall be evaluated in accordance with ASTM
C 930.
b.
Handling, transporting, and application of thermal insulation materials and

accessories for use in contact with austenitic stainless steel shall be in accordance
with ASTM C 929.
c.
Cutting and fitting of insulation shall be in accordance with ASTM C 450.
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UOP Confidential Insulation Specification

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Note: The information in this document is confidential and the property of UOP LLC and must not be disclosed

EXTERNAL HIGH TEMPERATURE INSULATION

This Standard Specification covers the general requirements for external

Insulation is used to perform the following tasks:

EXTERNAL HIGH TEMPERATURE INSULATION

Exceptions or variations shown in the UOP Project Specifications take

American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM):

Standard Specification for Steel Sheet, AluminumCoated, by the Hot-Dip Process.

Standard Specification for Steel Sheet, Zinc-Coated

Standard Specification for Steel Sheet, 55%

Standard Specification for Aluminum and AluminumAlloy Sheet and Plate.

Standard Specification for Portland Cement.

Standard Terminology Relating to Thermal

Standard Specification for Mineral Fiber Thermal

EXTERNAL HIGH TEMPERATURE INSULATION

Standard Practice for Fabrication of Thermal

Standard Specification for Calcium Silicate Block and

Standard Specification for Mineral Fiber Pipe

Standard Specification for Cellular Glass Thermal

Standard Specification for Mineral Fiber Blanket

Standard Practice for Inner and Outer Diameters of

Standard Specification for Mineral Fiber Blanket

Standard Specification for Molded Expanded Perlite

Standard Specification for Mineral Fiber Block and

Standard Guide to Properties and Tests of Mastics and

Standard Specification for Thermal Insulation for Use

EXTERNAL HIGH TEMPERATURE INSULATION

Standard Specification for High-Temperature Fiber

Standard Practice for Determining the Properties of

Standard Practice for Handling, Transporting,

Standard Classification of Potential Health and Safety

Standard Specification for Spray-Applied Rigid

Standard Guide for Flexible Removable Insulation

Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of

American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) B31.3, Process Piping.

National Association of Corrosion Engineer (NACE) International Standard

National, state, and local governmental regulations and laws.

EXTERNAL HIGH TEMPERATURE INSULATION

The primary consideration for using personnel protection insulation shall be to

Personnel protection shall be provided on portions of equipment or piping 7 feet

Where the operating temperature is 250F (120C) or less, corrosion under

Where personnel protection is required, but insulation is neither permitted nor

Heat conservation insulation shall be used if normal operating temperature

EXTERNAL HIGH TEMPERATURE INSULATION

Maximum Rate of Heat Loss

Equipment shall be insulated for the highest operating temperature listed

Steam turbines shall be insulated for the maximum operating temperature

Steam supply, exhaust, condensate piping and flanges, including valve

Steam generation piping systems per ASME Section I shall be insulated

EXTERNAL HIGH TEMPERATURE INSULATION

Piping and equipment insulation shall be continuous at all penetrations.

Insulation shall be applied so that there is no interference with either the

An air space, as defined in Figure 1, is required at vessel to skirt connections

Insulation shall be applied behind the nameplate mounting bracket(s) but

Flanges, including valve body to bonnet flanges, on insulated process

Flanges in toxic, or severe cycling services as defined in ASME B31.3,

Flanges in hydrogen service [hydrogen service is defined as a system

Heat traced flanges shall be insulated.

Provide adequate space for removal of flange bolting without damage to

EXTERNAL HIGH TEMPERATURE INSULATION

Requirements for Insulated Flanges

For hydrocarbon and other hazardous services, a flange leak detection

Bolting materials shall be suitable for the insulated flange maximum