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Quantum Numbers
o Given a quantum number, determine all possible quantum numbers
o Determine if a set of quantum numbers is allowable
o Determine what set of quantum numbers are associated with a particular electron in an atom.
Electron configuration
o spdf shorthand notation
o Orbital electron energy level diagram especially when generating an MO diagram or
hybridization diagram.
Periodic Trends
o Radius, Zeff, shielding/screening, I, EA, EN
o Know trends for elements, ions
o Understand how trends of Zeff and screening/shielding relate to other trends such as r, I, EA, EN,
etc.
o Know shielding trend for orbitals (spdf)
o Determine relative EN from the periodic table
Problems based on Lewis Structures
o Draw Lewis structures and resonance structures
o Find formal charge, ideal bond angles, electronic geometry, molecular geometry, polarity, BO,
relative BL, relative BE, hybridization, number of bonds, number of bonds
MO diagrams
o Draw diagram, label energy levels, fill in electrons for any homonuclear diatomic molecule or ion
(no larger than Ne2)
o Understand concepts behind and bonds
o Paramagnetic or diamagnetic
o Calculate BO
Hybridization
o Determine hybridization for any central atom
o Draw hybridization schematics for sp, sp2, and sp3 for atoms (C as well as others)
o Determine what hybrid orbitals overlap to form a bond
o Determine the total number of and bonds in a molecule (remember bond-line formulas)
6. The monosaccaride ribose is found in biological systems. Combustion analysis shows that ribose
contains 40.00% carbon, 6.714% hydrogen, and 53.29% oxygen. A. Calculate the empirical formula of
ribose. B. If the molecular mass of ribose is 150.13 g/mol what is the molecular formula of ribose?
7. Balance: HClO4 + P4O10 H3PO4 + Cl2O7
8. S8 (s) + OH (aq) S2O32- (aq) + S2- (aq) + H2O (l)
A. What is oxidized? What is oxidizing agent? B. Balance in basic conditions.
9. For question 7 above
A. If there is 10.0 g of P4O10, find the mass of phosphoric acid formed.
B. If there is also 10.0 g of perchloric acid, find the mass of phosphoric acid formed.
C. Considering A & B, how much of the excess reactant remains after the reaction is complete.
D. Find the number of phosphorus atoms in P4O10.
E. If the mass of phosphoric acid formed was 1.00e-3, find the percent yield.
10. With 100.0 mL of an acid at 2.0 M, what final vol. is necessary in order to dilute the acid to 0.50 M?
11. 100.0 mL of 2.00 M sulfuric acid neutralizes with what mass of potassium hydroxide?
12. What are the products to the following reaction that occurs in solution? (NH4)2S + Al(C2H3O2)3 ?
13. What are all the strong acids and strong bases from Chp 5?
14. 8.0 moles of helium gas at 1.0 atm is in a 6.0 L container at 27C. All the helium gas is then
transferred to a 12.0 L container at 327C. What is the final pressure?
15. 53.5 g of an ideal gas of molecular weight = 30.5 g/mol is confined at a pressure of 133 mmHg. The
density of the gas is 0.228 g/L. Compute the temperature of the gas in degrees Celsius.
16. A tank contains 480.0 grams of oxygen and 80.00 grams of helium at a total pressure of 7.00
atmospheres. A. What are the total moles of gas in the tank? B. What is the partial pressure of O2? C.
What is the partial pressure of He?
17. Fill in the blanks:
ni
nf
2
3
(nm)
(MHz)
Electron Label
A
B
C
n
1
2
3
l
0
0
0
ml
0
0
0
ms
-
18. Label the electrons (A, B, C) from the table in the electron configuration on the below.
19. Fill in the BLANKS with the correct electron configuration (spdf condensed) or correct neutral
element.
Element
Electron Configuration
Bi
1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p65s24d105p66s15d94f14
Answer?
B
O
p
d
Ca
Al
Li
F
CO
BO
3/2
Na
Mg+
2+
Ir
NO+
HSO4
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Protons
77
15
49
neutrons
115
15
48
electrons
75
14
50
193.1 u
Strontium iodide, chromium (II) carbonate, hydrobromic acid, nitrous acid, xenon tetrafluoride
+9
CH2O, C5H10O5
12 HClO4 + P4O10 4 H3PO4 + 6 Cl2O7
A. S or S8
B. 12 OH (aq) + S8 (s) 2 S2O32- (aq) + 4 S2- (aq) + 6 H2O (l)
9. 1.44e-3 g, 1.44e-3 g, Nearly 10.0 g, 8.48e22 atoms, 69.4%
10. 400.0 mL
11. 22.4 g
12. 3 (NH4)2S (aq) + 2 Al(C2H3O2)3 (aq) 6 NH4C2H3O2 (aq) + Al2S3 (s)
13. SA: HClO3, HClO4, HCl, HBr, HI, HNO3, H2SO4
SB: KOH, NaOH, LiOH, RbOH, CsOH, Ca(OH)2, Sr(OH)2, Ba(OH)2
14. 1.0 atm
15. 12C
16. 34.99 mol, 3.00 atm, 4.00 atm
17.
nf
E
(nm) (MHz)
ni
2
3
3.03e-19
656
4.57e8
18. A = #2, B = #3, C = #11
19.
Element
Bi
Pt
Electron Configuration
[Xe]6s25d104f146p3
1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p65s24d105p66s15d94f14
+102
(notgood!)
23.
Molecule Electronic Molecular
ClF3
TrigonalBipyramidal
T-shape
90
polar
sp3d
-1
ClCN
Linear
Linear
180
polar
sp
-3
Trigonal
Trigonal
120
nonpolar
sp2
-1
Square
Pyramidal
90
polar
sp3d2
+6
Bent
109.5
polar
sp3
+2
BH3
Planar
XeOF4 Octahedral
OF2
Tetrahedral
Planar
24.
2p
sp3
2s
unhybridized
hybridized
The first hybridized orbital represents the lone pair of electrons on N. The next three hybridized orbitals
represent potential sigma bonds with other elements.
2p*
2p
2p
2p
2s*
2s
2s
2s
2p