Defects of sewing that occur in sewing process and definition of terms

<Table -1>
No

Term

Uneven stitch

Definition (contents)

Stitching

is

not

Contents of defect

performed

sewn in disorder.

Irregular stitch

Uneven stitch

Uneven stitch

straight and a part of stitches is

Cloth

Irregular knotting points of thread

Uneven stitch

Stitch

occur on upper and lower faces

Upper

of

Lower

Upper face irregular stitch

cloth

cloths

under

certain

cloth

Lower face irregular stitch

tightness
3

Balloon stitch

Large

or

small

thread

loop
Stitch

suddenly occurs on upper or

lower cloth from knotting point of

Stitch skipping

Stitches

of

cloth
Lower
cloth

sewing thread.

Upper

sewing

thread

Lower
balloon
stitch

Stitch

partially skip and stitching is not

Upper

performed completely.

Lower

cloth
Stitch
skipping

cloth

Missing stitch

Stitch
skipping

Stitches are out of the sewing

Uppercloth

line.

Lower cloth

Stitch
skipping

Slipping seam

When the force is applied to

(slipping)

stitch, the constituent thread of Stitch

(slip-out)

the part moves and stitch opens

Missing

Cloth

Slipping seam

Cloth

or slips.
7

Thread breakage

When the force is applied to

stitch, sewing thread is cut.

Stitch

Needle

thread

Upper
cloth
Lower
cloth

Bobbin thread breakage

No

Term

Broken material

Definition (contents)

Contents of defect

Constituent threads of cloth are

cut by sewing machine needle at

Broken material

Cloth

the time of sewing.

Thread return

The

line

that

Stitch

occurs

when
Cloth

(Reverse)

Thread return

Stitch

constituent thread of cloth turns

and thread on the wrong side
faces the right side by the shock

Thread return
Turn of constituent thread

Needle

force at the time of penetration of

Dense color

sewing machine needle.

10

Weaving thread lift

The state that defective gloss or

Stitch

Cloth

Thread lift

defective pattern occurs when a

part of weaving threads is shifted
by

stitch,

sewing

Thread lift

machine
Weaving thread

needle, awl, etc.

11

Seam

puckering

Wrinkle that occurs near stitches

(Small

puckering)

by shrinking by sewing, sewing

Sewing wrinkle

(Small shrinkage)

(wavy condition)

slippage, etc.
* Cloth shrinks and becomes wavy.

12

Sewing slippage

Upper and lower cloths slip each

(Uneven material

other in the feeding direction.

Start of sewing

Upper cloth

feed)

End of sewing
Stitch

Sewing slippage
(Uneven material feed)

Lower cloth

13

Left-to-right inclined

Cloth

Left-to-right inclined stitches are

Stitch

stitch of bobbin
thread

14

Seam grinning

formed.
Stitch opens since tension of
sewing thread is insufficient.

Upper cloth
Lower cloth
Grinning

No
15

Term
Towel face

Definition (contents)
Knotting positions of sewing thread
continuously occur on the lower side of

Contents of defect
Upper
cloth
Lower

cloth in the state of large thread rings.

cloth
Towel face

16

Clogged stitch

A certain resistance force is applied to

the sewing product and stitch pitch
becomes irregular.

Clogged stitch
Clogged stitch

Stitch
Upper cloth
Lower cloth

17

Pitch error

Stitch length is changed by change of

feed force, cloth slippage, etc. This

Cloth
Pitch error Pitch error

phenomenon is apt to occur between

Stitch

high and low speed sewings.

18

Seam bray
(Thread

Sewing thread gets loose and the state

Seam bray

of stitch skipping occurs.

looseness)

19

Seam bray

Hangnail

Cloth

The state that several pieces of yarn of

Hangnail

Needle thread

sewing thread are cut during sewing.

Upper cloth
Lower cloth
Bobbin thread

20

Idle stitching

Knotting point of thread is formed

Needle thread
Idle stitching
Upper cloth

(Drop stitching)

without sewing product.

Lower cloth
Bobbin thread

21

Feed dog defect

Scratch (trace of teeth) made by feed

Wrong side of cloth

(Rasp-cut defect)

dog when feeding cloth.

Feed dog defect

22

Needle

breakage

defect

needle tip when several stitches are

performed in the state that needle is
broken during sewing.

23

Needle
Needle breakage
defect
Needle thread

Scratch on sewing product made by

Needle mark (Trace

Trace of hole of sewing machine needle

of needle)

due to re-sewing, basting, etc.

Upper
cloth
Lower
cloth
Bobbin thread

Cloth

Needle mark

Needle
breakage

tip