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In the input output curve if we add the to the generation axis then the corresponding increase
in input fuel cost axis is .
Also we called the slope of the fuel-cost curve, dCi/dPGi , is called the incremental fuel cost (IC)
and is expressed in Rs./MWh.
H(P)= +b+ c P
(i)
Or P=
+ =0
= b+2cP
(ii)
= 2 +b this satisfies the above minimum value of heat rate curve
Hence incremental cost curve cuts the heat rate curve at its minimum value
Q.2 Three plants of a total capacity of 500 MW are scheduled for operating to supply a total
system load of 310 MW. Evaluate the optimum load scheduling if the plants have the following
cost characteristic and the limitation. C1=0.06 P12+ 30 P1+10 30P1150,
C2=0.10 P22+ 40 P2+15, 20P2100
C3=0.075 P32+ 10 P3+20, 50P3250
Solution: The incremental fuel costs of the plants
= 0.12 + 30,
30P1150
, 1min=33.6, 1max=48
= 0.2 + 40,
20P2100
2min=44, 2max=60
= 0.15 + 10,
50P3250
3min=17.5, 3max=47.5
207.33 MW
(2.1)
(ii) 33.6 44
In this range for economic operation of power system only plant 1 and 3 are available to supply
increased load
P2= 20 MW, applying coordination equation for plant 1 and plant 3
=(IC)1=(IC)3, = 0.12 + 30, =0.15 + 10
Solving above equation for PD1=P1+P3
PD1= (27 -570)/1.8 MW
(2.2)
(2.3)
We have to supply system load 310 MW, hence our problem to be solved according to (2.2)
The plant 2 supplying load at minimum value of 20 MW
Remaining load of 290 MW is supplying according to coordination equation
290= (27 -570)/1.8 ,27 =(2901.8)+570, = 1092/27= 40.44 Rs./MWh
Putting values of and we get the values of P1 and P3
P1= (40.44-30)/0.12= 87 MW
P3=(40.44-10)/0.15 = 202.93 MW
And P2=20 MW
Unit 02
Q.3 A 50 Hz, 4 pole turbo generator rated 200 MVA, 11 KV has an inertia constant of 1.0
MJ/MVA.
(i) Find the stored energy in the rotor at synchronous speed.
(ii) if the mechanical input is suddenly raised to 100 MW for an electrical load of 60 MW , find
rotor accelerations , neglecting mechanical and electrical losses.
(iii) If the accelerations calculated in part ( ii) is maintained for 20 cycles, find the change in
torque angle and rotor speed in revolutions per minute at the end of the period.
Solution:
(i)
(ii)
1/45
Or =
(iii)
=40
= Mws MJ
Where
Now
M=
=
MJ-s/elect rad
MJ-s/elect degree
= Tm Te Nm
(2.1)
= Tm Te W
10 = Pm Pe MW