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INDEX
Stock Management................................................................................................... 3
Present Perfect.......................................................................................................... 6
Prepositiosn of Place............................................................................................... 14
Bibliography .......................................................................................................................................
....... 18
Anexos.................................................................................................................... 20

Stock Management

Present Perfect
FORM

[has/have + past participle]

Examples:
You have seen that movie many times. (Aff.)
You have not seen that movie many times. (Neg.)
Have you seen that movie many times? (Int.)

We use the Present Perfect to say that an action happened at an unspecified time
before now. The exact time is not important.
You CANNOT use the Present Perfect with specific time expressions such as:

yesterday, one year ago, last week, when I was a child, when I lived in Japan, at that
moment, that day, one day, etc.
We CAN use the Present Perfect with unspecific expressions such as:
ever, never, once, many times, several times, before, so far, already, yet, etc.
Examples:

I have seen that movie twenty times. I

think I have met him once before.
There have been many earthquakes in California.
People have traveled to the Moon.
People have not traveled to Mars.
Have you read the book yet?
Nobody has ever climbed that mountain.
A: Has there ever been a war in the United
States? B: Yes, there has been a war in the
United States.

How Do You Actually Use the Present Perfect?

Affirmative
Subject

to have

past participle

She

has

visited

Subject

to have + not

past participle

She

hasn't

visited

subject

past participle

Negative

Interrogative
to have

Has

she

visited..?

Example: to walk, present perfect

Affirmative

Negative

I have walked

I haven't walked

You have walked

You haven't walked

He, she, it has walked

He, she, it hasn't walked

We have walked

We haven't walked

You have walked

You haven't walked

They have walked

They haven't walked

Interrogative
Have I walked?
Have you walked?
8

Has he,she,it walked

Have we walked?
Have you walked?
Have they walked?

Exercises
A) Put in the verbs in brackets into the gaps. Use Present Perfect

1) Karen

me an e-mail. (to send)

2) Dave and Pat

3) I

the museum. (to visit)

at the pet shop. (to be)

4) They

already

5) Marcus
6) We
7) I

their rucksacks. (to pack)

an accident. (to have)

the shopping for our grandmother. (to do)
just

8) Emily
9) Lisa and Colin

my bike. (to clean)

her room. (to paint)
to a concert. (to go)

10) My friends

smoking. (to give up)

B) Complete the sentences with the correct affirmative, negative or interrogative form of the verb
in brackets in the present perfect:

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Carol

(just/ arrive) in London.

(you/ ever/ go) to the USA?
My father
(not/ finish) his business talk yet.
The organization
(just/ cancel) the tennis match.
I
(live) in this flat for ten years.
Sue
(not/ invite) Paul to the party.
Look at me! I
(just/ buy) this pair of jeans at the sales.

8. It
(not/rain) since May.
9. Plcido Domingo
(sing) opera for forty years.
10.
Peter
(wear) the same shabby clothes for years.
11.
How long
(you/ know) Tom? We
12.
13.
14.
clothes and
carpet.

(know) each other since we started primary school.

Charles made the most delicious meal I
(ever/eat).
Peter
(play) the saxophone since 2002.
Everything is done! I
(already/ iron) the
(hoover) the 9

15.
I (never/ see) such a moving film.
16.
We
(not/ hear) from Sarah for months.
17. Oh, no! Someone
(steal) my bike again!
18.
(Mary/ send) you her email address?
19.
Peter
(decide) not to retake his Economy exam.
20. The children
(take) part in the local tennis competition.
21.
They (be) married for fifteen years.
22. The mechanic
(not/ repair) our car yet.
23. Bob
(fall) in love with Helen.
24. Who
(bring) the dictionary today?
25. I
(not/do) the French homework, but I
(write) the English essay.
26. How many times
(you/ travel) abroad?
27.
Mum will be angry. I (forget) to buy what she asked me.
28. The Browns
(not/sell) their house yet.
29. Nobody
(reply) to my letter of complaint yet.

Taking Pictures
Story By: Andrew Frinkle

Jamie got a new camera for her

birthday. She had always liked taking pictures,
but this was special. She was
going
on
a
Washington
D.C.

trip
and

with

her

family

down the east coast. Along the way, she

wanted to take pictures to remember her trip.
The first place they stopped along the way was a
beach in North Carolina. The sands were
white and the water was clear. She took a
great picture of the sky, the ocean, and the
land. She really enjoyed swimming in the
salty ocean water, too.
Next, they moved along to Washington
D.C., where there were tons of things to see.
There were monuments, museums, and all
sorts of government buildings. She got a great
shot of the capital building. It had very
impressive columns and a very nice dome.
Then they moved on to some of the monuments.
Some of them were in honor of some of our
most famous presidents. Others honored the
soldiers who gave their lives in wars. They
were very beautiful and peaceful. It was hard
not to fill up her camera with pictures of them.
With only a
few
quick
stops
in
museums and at a few national parks on the
way
home,
Jamie
filled
her
camera
completely. It was finally time to head

to
10

home. It was hard to go, but she knew there

would be more trips to wonderful places like
Washington D.C., our nations capital.
Next year she hoped to go out west. She wanted to
see the Hoover Dam and the Grand Canyon.
Maybe she could see some of the Rocky
Mountains or herds of wild buffalo. With a
camera, there was no end to what she
wanted to see, because each trip and each
place was a new set of pictures!

A) Use the information in the story to answer the questions below.

What did Jamie get for her birthday?

1.1.
a cell phone
1.2.
a camera
1.3.
a computer
1.4.
a video game system

Where was her family going on a trip?

2.1.
Chicago
2.2.
New York
2.3.
Washington D.C.
2.4.
Philadelphia

What didnt Jamie take pictures of in Washington D.C.?

3.1.
the capital building
3.2.
monuments
3.3.
museums
3.4.
the beach

Where does Jamie want to go next year?

4.1.
East
4.2.
West
4.3.
South
North
4.4.

What is NOT one of the things Jamie wants to see out west?
5.1.
Grand Canyon
5.2.
Hoover Dam
5.3.
Canada

5.4.

Rocky Mountains

H ow m u c h ?
Story By: Andrew Frinkle

Jane was at the gift shop near the exit of a theme park. Shed spent all day playing, eating
snacks, and drinking sodas. Now, it was time to spend the last of her allowance on a few
nice things to take home with her. If she had money left over, maybe shed even go ahead
and buy something small for her little sister. Jane looked over the items on the
shelves. There were so many cute things! There were hats with her favorite
characters on them, plush dolls from the coolest movies, and all sorts of pretty
jewelry items, too. Maybe shed get her sister a pencil or a keychain, but that
was only if she had enough money. She sighed.
There are so many things, but so little money. She only had
twenty dollars left, which seemed like a lot to her, but she didnt
see much in the store for less than seven dollars, and
those were small items. What could she get her sister?
There it was. Her sisters favorite character was a
pink lizard with goofy eyes. It was from A Lizards Tail. Jane looked at the price of Pokey
the Pink Lizard. It was $6.95. About seven dollars, she said, that gives me thirteen more
dollars for myself.
It didnt take her long to find two more things she liked, a keychain for $5.95, making
about thirteen dollars, and then a pen set for $6.95, making it twenty. Very pleased with
herself, she took her purchases up to the counter and waited in line. Adults and other
children were standing nearby, and she thought they were a little envious of how well
shed shopped, but maybe she was just imagining things.
When it was her turn, she put the three items on the counter and waited for the
cashier, a kindly old man, to scan the three items in and hit the total button. That will be
$21.04. The old man announced.
A strange, sinking sensation ran through Janes gut. Twenty-one dollars? I
added, and it should be twenty.
Plus 6% sales tax. He informed her helpfully.
But I only have twenty, and she pulled a quarter, a few nickels, and a
dime from her pocket.

12

Youre still sixty-four cents short. Would you like to put back one of
your selections?
Hearing that was like a punch in the face. No, I want them for twenty-dollars. The
man glanced around the store to see no one else in line and sighed. He dug a pen set out of the
drawer. One pen was missing. I can give you this pen set for a dollar off. Its
missing one pen.
Deal! Jane said excitedly. It wasnt perfect, but it was certainly better than not
getting the pen set. Young lady, always leave a dollar to spare for every ten
dollars you spend. It will pay for tax.
Ill remember that in the future. Thank you, sir! Jane smiled and completed her purchase, and
remembering to pay for tax was not something she forgot.

Use the information in the story to answer the questions below.

Where is Jane?
at the grocery store
at a gift shop

at a zoo

at a museum

Who all does Jane want to buy something for?

only herself
herself and her mother

herself and her sister

herself and her friend

What problem does Jane have at the cash register?

She stole something.
She doesnt have enough money.

She lost her money.

None of the above

Why didnt Jane have enough money?

She forgot about tax.
She forgot to pay for all three items.

She added wrong.

She has Canadian money, and they want American only.

How does the old man help Jane?

He lets her steal an item.
He gives her an item for free.

He helps her choose which item to put back.

He finds a discounted item so she can afford everything.

13

Prepositiosn of Place

on - sobre, em, em cima de

upon - sobre, em, em cima de (formal)
in - em, dentro de
at - em
inside - dentro de, em
outside - fora, fora de
above - em cima de, sobre, acima
below - debaixo de

on - sobre, em, em cima de

The children left their books on the table.

He was standing on the corner waiting for her.

As crianas deixaram os livros em cima da mesa.

Ele estava parado na esquina espera dela.

There was a spider on the wall.

Havia uma aranha na parede.
upon - sobre, em, em cima de (igual que "on", porm mais formal)

The corpse was lying upon the bed.

O cadver jazia na cama.

The bird had perched upon the branch.

O pssaro tinha pousado no ramo.

Bill was eating with his elbows upon the table.

Bill comia com os seus cotovelos sobre a mesa.
in - em, dentro de

What do you have in your mouth?

O que que tens dentro da boca?

We spent a few days in Paris last year.

There were two girls swimming in the river.

Ns passamos alguns dias em Paris no ano passado.

Estavam duas meninas a nadar no rio.

14

at - em

My parents are at work.

Os meus pais esto no trabalho.

Bill is waiting for his girlfriend at the bus stop.

The museum is at the end of this street.

O Bill est espera da sua namorada na paragem do autocarro.

O museu no final desta rua.

inside - dentro de, em

The children were playing inside the house.

As crianas estavam a brincar dentro de casa.

I think there is a surprise for you inside the box.

Penso que existe uma surpresa para ti dentro da caixa.

The water is cold because it was inside the fridge.

A gua est fria porque estava dentro do frigorfico.
outside - fora, fora de

The dog sleeps outside the house.

O co dorme fora de casa.

My family lives just outside Rome.

Minha famlia mora nos arredores de Roma.

Jack hopes to be outside the prison soon.

Jack espera estar fora da priso rapidamente.
above - em cima de, sobre, acima

We were flying above the clouds.

Ns estvamos a voar por cima das nuvens.

The city is 300 meters above sea level.

A cidade est a 300 metros acima do nvel do mar.

The patient's temperature was above normal.

A temperatura do paciente estava acima do normal.
below - debaixo de

She has an apartment below mine.

Ela tem um apartamento debaixo do meu.

It is freezing! The temperature is below zero.

Est frio de rachar! A temperatura est abaixo de zero.

Jane had a pimple just below her right eye.

Jane tinha uma borbulha mesmo de baixo do seu olho direito.
Preposition words

15

Between books

At School (na escola)

(entre 2 coisas ou pessoas)

On the chair (em)

At work (no trabalho)

In a telephone box (em)

Near the TV (perto)

At the theatre(no teatro)

In front of the TV (em frente a) Next to the TV (ao lado de) At home(em casa)
Behind the sof (atrs)

At the cinema (no cinema)

Under the table (por baixo)

At the zoo (No zoo)

16

Complete the exercise according to the picture.

1.

the picture, I can see Santa Claus and a girl.

2. Santa is sitting
3. The girl is standing

a chair.

4. Santa and the girl are looking

5. The girl has a present

17

Santa.
each other.
her
han

ds.

the girl, there is a Christmas tree.

There are more presents

Santa's big bag is lying

the tree.
the floor.

Apontamentos diversos
PowerPoints diversos
http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/tenses/present_perfect_statements.htm

18

http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/presentperfect.html
en.islcollective.com/.../islcollective_worksheets_pre
http://www.edufind.com/english/grammar/present_perfect.php
http://havefunteaching.com/worksheets/reading-worksheets/reading-comprehension- worksheets/fifthgrade-reading-comprehension-worksheets/
http://havefunteaching.com/worksheets/reading/reading-comprehension/how-much-fourth-gradereading-comprehension-worksheet.pdf

http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/prepositions/exercises?10

http://www.easypacelearning.com/exercises-basic-level-1-level-2-learningenglish/english-basics- exercises/763-prepositions-of-place-exercise-learningenglish
http://www.shertonenglishpt.com/pt/gramatica/preposicoes-em-ingles/lugar-01

19

Anexos
Present Perfect Solution key
A)

1) Karen has sent me an e-mail.

2) Dave and Pat have visited the museum.
3) I have been at the pet shop.
4) They have already packed their rucksacks.
5) Marcus has had an accident.
6) We have done the shopping for our grandmother.
7) I have just cleaned my bike.
8) Emily has painted her room.
9) Lisa and Colin have gone to a concert.
10) My friends have given up smoking.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.

20

B)
Carol has just arrived (just/ arrive) in London.
Have you ever been (you/ ever/ go) to the USA?
My father hasnt finished (not/ finish) his business talk yet.
The organization has just cancelled (just/ cancel) the tennis match.
I have lived (live) in this flat for ten years.
Sue hasnt invited (not/ invite) Paul to the party.
Look at me! I have just bought (just/ buy) this pair of jeans at the sales.
It hasnt rained (not/rain) since May.
Plcido Domingo has sung (sing) opera for forty years.
Peter has worn (wear) the same shabby clothes for years.
How long have you known (you/ know) Tom? We have known (know) each other since
we started primary school.
Charles made the most delicious meal I have ever eaten (ever/eat).
Peter has played (play) the saxophone since 2002.
Everything is done! I have already ironed (already/ iron) the clothes and hoovered (hoover) the carpet.
I have never seen (never/ see) such a moving film.
We havent heard (not/ hear) from Sarah for months.
Oh, no! Someone has stolen (steal) my bike again!
Has Mary sent (Mary/ send) you her email address?

19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.

Peter has decided (decide) not to retake his Economy exam.

The children have taken (take) part in the local tennis competition.
They have been (be) married for fifteen years.
The mechanic hasnt repaired (not/ repair) our car yet.
Bob has fallen (fall) in love with Helen.
Who has brought (bring) the dictionary today?
I havent done (not/do) the French homework, but I have written (write) the English essay.
How many times have you travelled (you/ travel) abroad?
Mum will be angry. I have forgotten (forget) to buy what she asked me.
The Browns havent sold (not/sell) their house yet.
Nobody has replied (reply) to my letter of complaint yet.

Taking Pictures

Use the information in the story to answer the questions below.

1. What did Jamie get for her birthday?
A. a cell phone
B . a c a m er a

a computer
a video game system

2. Where was her family going on a trip?

A. Chicago
B. New York
C. Washington D.C.
D. Philadelphia

3. What didnt Jamie take pictures of in Washington D.C.?

A. the capital building
B. monuments
C. museums
D . th e b ea c h

4. Where does Jamie want to go next year?

A. East
B. West
C. South
D. North

21

5. What is NOT one of the things Jamie wants to see out west?
A. Grand Canyon
B. Hoover Dam
C. Cana da
D. Rocky Mountain

How much?

Use the information

1.

in the story to answer the questions below.

Where is Jane?

at the grocery store

B. at a gift shop

2.

at a zoo
at a museum

Who all does Jane want to buy something for?

only herself
herself and her mother
C. herself and her sister
D. herself and her friend

3.

What problem does Jane have at the cash register?

She stole something.

B. She doesn t have enough money.
-

4.

She lost her money.

None of the above

Why didnt Jane have enough money?

She forgot about tax.
1. She forgot to pay for all three items.
2. She added wrong.
3. She has Canadian money, and
they want American only.
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22

5.

How does the old man help Jane?

He lets her steal an item.

He gives her an item for free.
He helps her choose which item to put back.
D. He finds a discounted item so she can afford everything.

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