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15000
m d1
For design:
KT2
HP z2
9400T2
For Checking:
H ZE
K A KV K HP
2
d1d 2
T2-- Torque acting on wormgear, N.m;
K-- Coefficient of load, commonly in range of 1.0-1.4.
If well-distributed load, v2 3m/s and higher precise than
Grade 7, a smaller value. Otherwise, a bigger value.
2
Zvs
Injection
Churning
ZN or YN
Brass
M. of worm
0.5
ZCuAl10Fe3
Steel,
Hardening
250
230
210
180
160
120
90
ZCuAl10Fe3
Mn2
Steel,
Hardening
250
230
210
180
160
120
90
ZCuZn38Mn2
Pb2
Steel,
Hardening
--
215
200
180
150
135
95
75
HT150,
HT200
Steel,
H.T.
160
130
115
90
--
--
--
--
HT250
Steel,
H.T./Hardening
140
110
90
70
--
--
--
--
Grey
cast
iron
Material of wormgear
Cast
tin bronze
Cast
Al bronze
Cast
Al brass
Grey cast
iron
Nodular cast
iron
155
156
157
162
182
Driven machine
Uniform
Moderate shock
Heavy shock
Electrical motor,
Steam turbine
0.8-1.25
0.9-1.5
1.0-1.75
Multi cylinder
engine
0.9-1.5
1.0-1.75
1.25-2.0
Single cylinder
engine
1.0-1.75
1.25-2.0
1.5-2.25
600
m d1
KT2YFS
FP z2
2
666T2 K A K V K
d1d 2 m
YFSY FP
2. Stiffness of worm
Surface hardness of worm is high, but worm shaft will deform at
the engagement point under the radial force and tangential force.
A great deflection will cause unbalanced load or interference,
and damage the engagement of worm and wormgear.
For Checking:
y1
Ft12 Fr21
L3 yP
48EI
Ft1 Tangential force on worm; Fr1 Radial force on worm;
E Modulus of elasticity of worm material, if a steel worm,
E=2.07 105N/mm2;
I Moment of inertia at the critical section, mm4,
I=df14/64, where, df1 dia. of dedendum circle;
L Span between supporting points, decided by structure design,
initial value L=0.9d2, d2-dia. of pitch circle of wormgear;
yp Allowable deflection, in the range of yp=(0.001 0.0025)d1,
d1 diameter of pitch circle of worm;
Ps P1 1
Pc kA t1 t2
k- Thermal conductivity,
14-17.5 W/(m2.C) under good ventilation,
8.7-10.5 W/(m2.C) under poor ventilation;
A Cooling area, estimating by A=0.33(a/100)1.73, a is the
center distance between worm and worm gear, mm.
t1 Allowable temperature of lubrication, commonly 95 ;
t2 Environment temperature, commonly 20 .
P1 1
t1
t2 95
kA
If the thermal equilibrium can not be satisfied, Some measures
need to be adopted to increase heat dissipation .
Cooler
Fan
Filter
Oil
Ventilator
Lubricating oil
Cooling water
Oil pump
Circulating lubrication
Example Problem
Try to design the worm drive for hoister.
Given:
(1) Inputting power of worm P1=7.5KW;
(2) Inputting rotational speed n1=1450r/min;
(3) Speed ratio i=20;
(4) Load on driven machine is uniform;
(5) Slight shock from power source;
(6) Life expectancy is 5 years, 300 days/year, 8 hours/ day;
(7) Worm is arranged below the wormgear;
(8) Small batch production;
Solution
(1) Worm type, precision grade and material
Considering small inputting power, and medium inputting rotational
speed, we can choose ZA worm, and precision grade Grade 8.
Material of worm: Steel 45, Case hardening, Hardness HRC=45-50.
Material of wormgear: ZCuSn10P1, sand mould casting process.
NL=60n2th=60172.553008=5.22107
By Fig. 3-11, Coefficient of life ZN=0.8.
HP='HPZvsZN= 200N/mm20.870.8=139.2N/mm2
By m2 d1 15000 KT2
HP z2
2
15000
2
3
m d1
1.1
790.3
6309.12mm
139.2 40
0.894
tan e tan 9.09 1.05
H HP
9400T2
9400 839.7
2
K
K
K
155
1.03
138.1N
mm
A V
d1d 22
100 3202
666T2 K A K V K
d1d 2 m
YFSY
2T1
d1
2 9.55 106
100
7.5
1450 987.93N
2T2
2 839.7 103
tan a
tan 20 1910.2N
Radial force Fr1
d2
320
Span between supporting points L 0.9d2 0.9 320 288
Moment of inertia at the critical section
df14
64
100 2.5 8
64
2.01106 mm4
Ft12 Fr21 3
L
48EI
987.932 1910.22
2883
5
6
48 2.110 2.01 10
0.0025mm yP
df1
df1
T. W. G.
T. W. G.
de2
de2
B
Unit wormgear
de2
Combined
by interference fit
No. of thread z1
Dia. of wormgear addendum de2
Width of flange B
de2
Wormgear structure
Combined
by bolt connection
Combined
by casting
da2 +2m
da2 +1.5m
0.75da
90~130
1.6m+1.5 mm
da2 +2m
0.67 da
Homework-11
1. Given a worm drive, the transmission power P1=8.8KW,
n1=960r/min, i=18, z1=2, m=10, q=8, efficiency =0.88.
Try to find the three components Ft, Fr, Fa, on worm and wormgear.