Section4

BMPsandESCPPlans

Er.TeoEeHuat
teh2@np.edu.sg

ErosionandSedimentationControlPlan(ESCP)
EarthControlMeasuresPlan(ECMPlan)
WhatisanESCP(orECMPlan)?
Anerosionandsedimentcontrolplan(ESCP)isa
setofdocumentsindicatinghowvariousmeasures
willbeputtogethertoensurewaterdischarged
intopublicdrainsarewithinthelimitsallowed.
Itdetailstemporarymeasuresthatwillbeimplemented
duringtheconstructionphaseandmayinclude
permanentmeasuresthatwillremaininplaceonce
developmentiscompletetocontroltheenvironmental
impactsoferosionandsedimentation.

ErosionandSedimentationControlPlan(ESCP)
EarthControlMeasuresPlan(ECMPlan)
CanECM(meantforconstructionsite)be
implementedonpublicareas?
Silttrap
Publicdrain
Dischargeoutlet

Construction
site

ErosionandSedimentationControlPlan(ESCP)
EarthControlMeasuresPlan(ECMPlan)
WhatistheaimofaESCP?
AneffectiveESCPaimstopreventcontrollable
erosionandtominimizetheadverseeffectsof
sedimenttransportfromonsitetooffsiteareas.

ErosionandSedimentationControlPlan(ESCP)
EarthControlMeasuresPlan(ECMPlan)
Theplansmayrangedfromasimpleplanfor
smallsites(e.g.<0.5ha)todetailed
comprehensiveplansforadevelopmentonlarge
sites(e.g.>50ha)orforareasofhighecological
value.

Drain

Exampleofsmallsite

Exampleofsmallsite

Exampleofsmallsite

IRs (MarinaSouthandSentosa)
OrchardTurnProject

CircleLineProjects
1NorthProject(JTC)

ChangiWaterReclamationPlant(~100Ha)
Exampleoflargesites

SungeiBolohreserve
Botanicgardens
Reservoirsetc

Labradorpark

Ecologicallysensitivesites

Railwaytrack(section)
TakenatGhimMohoverhead
Pedestrianbridge

Politicallysensitivesites

QuestionTime!
Which of the following sites is easier for a QECP to
designandimplementerosioncontrolmeasures?
a.Smallsites?
b.Largesites?
c.Ecologicallysensitivesites?
d.Politicallysensitivesites?

ErosionandSedimentationControlPlan(ESCP)
EarthControlMeasuresPlan(ECMPlan)
ESCPisthemainsourceofinformationthatany
interestedpartycanrefertoinitially:
Providesthebackgroundinformation
Providesexpectationafterexecutionofplans
Providesdetailsonhowtoexecutiontheplans
Provides guidance on operation and
maintenance

ProperE&SCPlan
Shouldcontainat
leastthe
following:
Showssite
topography
How&when
grading
Showserosion&
sedimentcontrol
measures
When
implementation
Maintenance

ErosionandSedimentationControlPlan(ESCP)
EarthControlMeasuresPlan(ECMPlan)
5PrinciplesofESCP

Thefirstprincipleistoensurethaterosionand
sedimentcontrolmeasuresarefullyintegrated
intothedevelopmentsequence.
Erosionandsedimentcontrolcanonlybe
effectiveifconstructionandcontrolpracticesare
jointlyplannedduringtheplanningandfeasibility
stagesandimplementedsimultaneously
throughouttheconstructionstage

ErosionandSedimentationControlPlan(ESCP)
EarthControlMeasuresPlan(ECMPlan)
5PrinciplesofESCP
ThesecondprincipleisthatanESCPshouldformpart
oftheengineeringdocumentsforacontractorandbe
partofthefinalengineeringdesigndrawingsfor
documentationintheScheduleofRatesorBillof
Quantities.
Itisimportanttonotethattheresponsibilityofthe
successoftheESCPshouldbeonthecontractorsothe
finalengineeringdocumentsshouldhavesufficient
flexibilitytoallowthecontractortoputinhisinputifhe
sowishes.

ErosionandSedimentationControlPlan(ESCP)
EarthControlMeasuresPlan(ECMPlan)
5PrinciplesofESCP
Thethirdprincipleistoensurethatallcontrolstructures
aremaintainedatallstagesofthedevelopmentsuchas
duringearthworkpreparation,foundationand
constructionworks.
Wellmaintainedcontrolstructuresmaynotovercomeall
erosionproblemsbutwillensurethattheextentofthe
problemsaresignificantlyreduced.

ErosionandSedimentationControlPlan(ESCP)
EarthControlMeasuresPlan(ECMPlan)
5PrinciplesofESCP

Thefourthprincipleistoensurethatthereisasystemof
continuousmeasurementoftheparametersidentifiedin
theESCPtocontrolerosionthroughouttheconstruction
oftheproject.

ErosionandSedimentationControlPlan(ESCP)
EarthControlMeasuresPlan(ECMPlan)
5PrinciplesofESCP

Thefifthprincipleistoprepareanemergencyplanfor
immediateimplementationifanyoftheerosionand
sedimentcontrolmeasuresfailduetounforeseen
circumstances,suchassevererainstormsovertopping
orbreachingsedimentbasins.

ErosionandSedimentationControlPlan(ESCP)
EarthControlMeasuresPlan(ECMPlan)
Belowaretypicalsectionsofanerosionand
sedimentationcontrolplan.
1a. Identifyissuesandconcerns
1b. Developgoalsandobjectives
1c.Collectandanalyzedata
1d. DevelopBMPselectioncriteria
1e. NominatecandidateBMPs
1f. ScreenandselectBMPs
1g. Developerosioncontrolplan
1h. Implementerosioncontrolplan
1i. Operate,monitorandmaintainthesystem
1j. Updatetheplan

BestManagementPractices(BMPs)
WhatisaBMP?

Abestmanagementpractice(BMP)refers
generallytoanyprogram,proceduraltechnique,
method,operations,skills,measurementor
devicethatpreventsorremovesorreduces
erosion.
Italsoreferstoanymeasurethatisimplemented
toprotectwaterqualityandreducepollutionfrom
stormwaterrunoff.

BestManagementPractices(BMPs)
WhatisaBAT?

Inotherreferencematerials,thereismentionof
BestAvailableTechnology(BAT)whichrefers
similarlytoprovidingsuitablesolutionsto
problemsrelatedtoerosionandpollution
prevention.

BestManagementPractices(BMPs)
ExamplesofBMPs
BelowaresomeexamplesofBestManagementPracticesforerosionand
sedimentationcontrol.Notethatthelistisnotexhaustive.

Directuphillwateraroundthebuildingsite
Limitentry/exittoone(orfew)pointandstabilizetheareaaroundthatpoint
Installsedimentfences(siltfences)withinsite
Storeallbuildingmaterialswithinthesedimentfenceenvelope
Checkerosioncontrolmeasuresafterrainstormeventandmaintaininworkingorder
Respreadtopsoilandrevegetateallbareareas
Properdropinletsedimenttrap
Properexcavatedsedimenttrap
Phasedwork/excavation
Provisionofsedimentationbasin/pond
Provisionofflocculants+chemicaldozingfacilities
Stabilisationthroughlayingmilledwaste
Stabilisationthroughleanconcrete
Stabilisationthrougherosioncontrolmat
Stabilisationthroughvegetation

Rainoverslopedareas
Rainoverexposeareas

Wa
te
(wit rflows
h

Ero faster fromsl

d
o
v
from ingeve elocity pe
)
n
exp
ose mores
dar
eas oil

Waterflowsthroughsiltfenceprior
togettingintoperimeterdrain

Whathappensif
uphillwaterisnot
directedoffsite.

Rainoverslopedareas
Ext

Rainoverexposeareas

ra p
erim
a
rdr

et e
in

Waterflowsthroughsiltfenceprior
togettingintoperimeterdrain

Whathappensif
uphillwaterisnot
directedoffsite.

Directuphillwateraroundthebuildingsite

Costimplicationsoftreatingadditionalwater

(minimizeamountofwatertobetreated
reducecost)
reducecost)
Assumingthefollowing:
Slopearea=0.3Ha(or3000m2)
Usingmechanicalsystemoperationalcost=0.5kWperm3
Electricitycost(usingmechanicalsystem)=$0.25perkWh
Rainfalloverarea=30mm
Numberofsuchraineventperyear=100
Foronerainstormevent:
Volumeofadditionalwatertobetreated=3000*0.03=90m3
Electricityused=90*0.5=45kWh
Cost=45*0.25=$11.25
Annualcostperyear=100rainevents*11.25=$1125
Whataboutcostof:
a. Storageforwaterpriortotreatment?
b. Repair/replacementofparts?
c. Purchase/rentofequipment?
d. Larger/longerraineventsleadingto>30mmofwater?
e. Equipmentreduction

Typicalerosioncontrolplan(withvariousBMPs
BMPs))

Len

gth
ofs
130

ite=

102mRL
103mRL

101mRL

104mRL
105mRL

Legend

Proposed
Building
Outline

Widthofsite=100m
Stabilizedconstructionaccess
Vegetationbufferarea
Siltfence
Proposedresidentialdevelopment
Propertyline
Newpropertiesdevelopment
Stockpilearea
Erosion&SedimentationControlPlan

Date:1/8/07
Drawn:TEH2
Scale1:200
ESCP1

CaseStudy1
Comments.
1. Siteworkswillnotstartuntiltheerosionandsediment
controlworksoutlinedintheitem2to5belowareinstalled
andfunctional.
2. Entryandexisttothesitewillbeconfinedtoonestabilized
location.Fencingwillbeusedtorestrictallvehicular
movementstothestabilizedsiteaccess.
3. Stabilizationwillbeachievedbyeither:
a.
Constructingaconcretedrivewaytothestreet
b.
Constructingastabilizedaccessinaccordancewith
StandardDrawingoraccordingtoanothersuitable
techniqueapprovedbytheconsentingauthority.

CaseStudy1
Comments.
4. SiltfenceswillbeinstalledasshownonESCP1.
5. Topsoilwillbestrippedandstockpiledforlaterusein
landscapingthesite.
6. Allstockpileswillbeplacedinthelocationshownon
ESCP1andatleast2mclearofallareasof
concentratedrunoffandthedrivewayprotectedbysite.

CaseStudy1
Comments.
7.Landtotherearandsideofthelotandonthestreet
vergewillnotbedisturbedduringtheworksexcept
whereessential,e.g.drainageworksacrosstheverge.
Whereworksarenecessary,theywillbeundertakenin
suchawayastoleavethelandsinaconditionofhigh
erosionhazardforasshortatimeperiodaspracticable.
Theywillberehabilitatedassoonaspossible.
Stockpilewillnotbeplacedontheselandsandthey
willnotbeusedasvehicleparkingareas.

CaseStudy1
Comments.

8.

Approvedwasteddisposalbinsforconcreteand
mortarslurries,paints,acidwashings,andlitterwill
beprovidedandarrangementsmadeforcollection
anddisposal.

9.

Roofgutteringwillbeconnectedtothestormwater
systemassoonaspracticable.

CaseStudy1
Comments.

10. Topsoilwillberespreadandalldisturbedareas
willberehabilitatedwithin20workingdaysofthe
completionoftheworks.

11. Allsedimentanderosioncontrolswillbechecked
atleastweeklyandafterraintoensuretheyare
maintainedingoodworkingorder.