BASIC ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING FORMULAS

BASIC ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT FORMULAS

CIRCUIT
ELEMENT

IMPEDANCE

VOLT-AMP EQUATIONS

absolute complex instantaneous

value
form
values

RMS values for

sinusoidal signals

ENERGY
(dissipated on R
or stored in L, C)

RESISTANCE

v=iR

Vrms=IrmsR

E=Irms2Rt

INDUCTANCE

2fL

jL

v=Ldi/dt

Vrms=Irms2fL

E=Li2/2

1/jC

i=Cdv/dt

Vrms=Irms/(2fC)

E=Cv2/2

CAPACITANCE 1/(2fC)

Notes:
R- electrical resistance in ohms, L- inductance in henrys, C- capacitance in farads, f - frequency
in hertz, t- time in seconds, 3.14159;
=2f - angular frequency;
j - imaginary unit ( j2=-1 )

BASIC ELECTRICAL THEOREMS AND CIRCUIT ANALYSIS LAWS

LAW

DEFINITION

=Z, where and - voltage and

Ohm's Law modified
current phasors, Z - complex
for AC circuits with
impedance
sinusoidal signals
(for resistive circuits: u=Ri )

RELATIONSHIP
Lorentz force law,
Faraday's law and Drude
model

Kirchhoff's Current
Law (KCL)

The sum of electric currents which

flow into any junction in an electric
circuit is equal to the sum of currents
which flow out

Conservation of electric
charge

Kirchhoff's Voltage
Law (KVL)

The sum of the electrical voltages

around a closed circuit must be zero

Conservation of energy

EQUATIONS FOR SERIES AND PARALLEL CONNECTIONS

CIRCUIT
ELEMENT

SERIES
CONNECTION

PARALLEL
CONNECTION

RESISTANCE

Rseries=
R1+R2+...

Rparallel=
1/
(1/R1+1/R2+...)

INDUCTANCE

Lseries=
L1+L2+...

Lparallel=
1/(1/L1+1/L2+...)

Cseries=
1/
(1/C1+1/C2+...)

Cparallel=
C1+C2+...

CAPACITANCE

RLC IMPEDANCE FORMULAS

CIRCUIT CONNECTION

COMPLEX FORM
Z=R+jL+1/jC

ABSOLUTE VALUE

Z R 2 ( L

Series

Z=
1/(1/R+1/jL+jC)
Parallel

1 2
)
C

1
1
1 2
)
( C
2
R
L

MAGNETIC FIELD UNITS AND EQUATIONS

QUANTITY

SYMBOL

SI UNIT

SI EQUATION

CGS
UNIT

CGS
EQUATION

CONVERSION
FACTOR

Magnetic
induction

tesla (T)

B=o(H+M)

Gauss
(G)

B = H+4M

1T=
104 G

Magnetic
field strength

ampere/
meter
(A/m)

H = 0.4NI/lc
(lc - magnetic
path, cm)

1 A/m =
4 10-3
Oe

Magnetic flux

weber
(Wb)

= BAc
(Ac - area,
m2 )

H = NI/lc
Oersted
( lc - magnetic
(Oe)
path, m)

Magnetization

ampere/
meter
(A/m)

M=m/V
(m- total
magnetic
moment,
V- volume,
m3 )

Magnetic
permeability
of vacuum

newton/
ampere2

o= 410-7

= BAc
1 Wb = 108
Maxwell
M
(M) (Ac - area, cm2 )

emu/cm3

M=m/V
(m- total
magnetic
moment,
V- volume,
cm3 )

1 A/m =
10-3
emu / cm3

410-7

henry

L=
=0.4N2Ac/lc
10-8
(N- turns,
Ac-area, cm2,
lc - magnetic
path, cm)

volt

V= -10-8
Nd/dt
(N- turns)

Inductance

Emf (voltage)

henry

L=oN Ac/lc
(N- turns,
Ac- area, m2,
lc - magnetic
path, m)

volt

V=-Nd/dt
(N- turns)

MAXWELL'S EQUATIONS IN FREE SPACE (IN SI UNITS)

LAW

DIFFERENTIAL FORM

INTEGRAL FORM

Gauss' law for

electricity
Gauss' law for
magnetism
Faraday's law
of induction
Ampere's law

NOTES: E - electric field, - charge density, 0 8.8510-12 - electric permittivity of free space, 3.14159,
k - Boltzmann's constant, q - charge, B - magnetic induction, - magnetic flux, J - current density, i - electric
current,
- del operator (if
c 299 792 458 m/s - the speed of light, 0 = 410-7 - magnetic permeability of free space,
.
V is a vector function, then
V - divergence of V,
V - the curl of V).

REFERENCES:

1. EE Information Online
2. Electrical References 2014
2009 Lazar Rozenblat
SMPS Power Supply Guide ( http://www.smps.us/ ) - tutorials, electronics reference,
formulas, schematics.

Lazar Rozenblat on Google+