NAMA: _____________________________________________

TINGKATAN: 4 ___________

BAHAGIAN PEPERIKSAAN DALAMAN

SEKOLAH MENENGAH KEBANGSAAN AGAMA AL-IRSHAD
SEKOLAH BERPRESTASI TINGGI
13200 KEPALA BATAS, PULAU PINANG.
PEPERIKSAAN PERTENGAHAN TAHUN
KIMIA
TINGKATAN 4

MEI 2014
2 JAM.

SATU JAM SETENGAH

Answer all questions

SECTION A
1.

Diagram 1 shows the set - up of apparatus to determine the melting point of

substance X by heating solid X until it melts. Then the temperature of substance
X is recorded every half minutes when it is left to cool at room temperature.

Solid X

DIAGRAM 1

(a)

What is the purpose of using water bath in the experiment?

____________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
Name one substance which its melting point can be determined by using water
bath.

(b)

____________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
Sodium nitrate has a melting point of 310oC. Can the melting point of sodium
nitrate be determined by using water bath as shown in the diagram?
Explain your answer.

(c)

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
[2 marks]
Why do we need to stir the molten substance X when it is left to cool to room
temperature?

(d)

_________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
The graph 1 of temperature against time for the cooling of molten substance X is
shown below.

(e)

Temperature (0C)

90

P
Q

79

60

(i)

Graph 1
State the melting point of substance X?

Time (minute)

_________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
2

(ii) Explain why there is no change in temperature from Q to R.

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
[2 marks]
(f)

What is the state of the matter for substance X at RS?

_________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
Two glass rods are dipped into two jars filled with concentrated
ammonia solution, NH3 and the other with concentrated
hydrochloric acid , HCl. The two glass rods are brought
together so that the ammonia gas, NH 3 will react with the
hydogen chloride gas , HCl. The set -up of the experiment is as
Diagram 2 below.

(g)

hydrogen chloride gas

ammonia gas

concentrated ammonia
solution

concentrated
hydrochloric acid

Glass rod

Diagram 2
(i)

Give an observation from the reaction of the two gases.

_________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(ii) W r i t e t h e c h e m i c a l e q u a t i o n f o r t h e r e a c t i o n i n t h i s e x p e r i m e n t .
_________________________________________________________________
[3 marks]

13

2.

Diagram 3 shows the electron arrangement for the atom of three elements, P,Q and R.

DIAGRAM 3
(a)

Write the electron arrangement for the atoms of elements P, Q and R.

P: ____________________ Q: ____________________ R: ____________________

(b)

State the group and period in the Periodic Table for each of the elements:

[1 mark]

(i)

element P
____________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(ii)

element Q
____________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(iii)

element R
____________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(c)

Which element is chemically inert? Explain why.

__________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
[2 marks]

(d)

Element Q dissolves in water to form an acidic solution and a bleaching agent.

Write the chemical equation for the reaction of Q with water.
____________________________________________________________
[3 marsk]

(e)

Which element reacts actively with water?

____________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(f)

The proton number for element X is 17. Among P, Q and R which element
shows similar chemical properties to X?
____________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(g)

Arrange the atoms P, Q and R in order of increasing atomic size.

____________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

12

SECTION B
3 (a)

Diagram 3.1 and Diagram 3.2 show the diagrams of the electron arrangement foratoms
of two elements from Group 17 in the Periodic Table of Elements.

Diagram 3.1
(i)

Diagram 3.2

Write the electron arrangement for the atom of the element and name
the element.
[2 marks]

(ii)

Determine the position of element in diagram 2.1 and diagram 2.2. Explain the
differencein the position of the element in periodic table.
[3 marks]

3 (b)

Compare the attractive forces between the nuclei and the valence electrons in
5

the atoms in Diagram 2.1 and Diagram 2.2 and relate this to their
respective reactivity and explain why.
[6 marks]
3 (c)

Another element in Group 17 is a black coloured solid.

Predict the reactivity of this element in its reaction with sodium hydroxide
Compared to that of the element in Diagram 2.2.
[1 mark]
Refer the information in figure 1 to answer questions 8 (d) (ii) and (iii)

3 (d)

The following are information on a hydrocarbon compound X.

[Given that relative atomic mass: C= 12, H=1]

Carbon 85.70%
Hydrogen 14.30%
Relative molecular mass = 56
FIGURE 1

(i)

What is meant by an empirical formula?

(ii)

Determine the empirical formula of X

(iii)

Determine the molecular formula of X

[2 marks]
[3 marks]
[3 marks]

20

SECTION C
4 (a)

Define the term matter.

[1 mark]

(b)
(i)

Matter exists in three physical states.

Name the three states of matter.

(ii)

Draw the arrangement of particles in each state.

[1 mark]

[ 3 marks]
(iii)

Describe briefly the arrangement of particles and forces of attractions between the
particles for each of the physical states of matter.

[6 marks]

(c)

When X is placed onto water its move slowly.When Y is used ,it moves very
rapidly and produces hiss sound. When Z is used , it moves very rapidly
and small explosion occurs

Apabila bahan X diletakkan keatas permukaan air ,ia bergerak dengan

perlahan. Apabila Y digunakan , ia bergerak pantas dan menghasilkan bunyi
hiss. Apabila Z digunakan,ia bergerak dengan cepat dan letupan kecil
terhasil

X + water

Alkaline solution B + gas A

(colourless)

Y + water

alkaline solution C + gas A

(colourless)

Z + water

alkaline solution D + gas A

(colourless)

Referring to the above situation,youre required to plan an experiment to compare the

reactivity of group I element.Your planning should include the following items:
a. Problem statement
b. All variables involved
c. Hypothesis
d. List of materials and apparatus
e. Procedure
f. Tabulation of data
[17 marks]

28

SECTION D

Element

Electron arrangement

2.1

2.8.1

2.8.8.1
Table 1

Table 1 shows the electron arrangement of atoms of elements P, Q, and R. In an experiment,

a group of students intend to compare the reactivity of P, Q, and R in the reaction with oxygen
gas. A small piece of the metal is heated in a combustion spoon until it starts burning. The
combustion spoon is then lowered into a gas jar of oxygen gas as shown in figure 1.
a) State observation for each element expected from the experiment
Element P: ___________________________________________________________

Element Q: ____________________________________________________________

Element R: _____________________________________________________________
[3 marks]

b) Based on the observations in (a), state the inference of the experiment.

8

Element P: ___________________________________________________________

Element Q: ____________________________________________________________

Element R: _____________________________________________________________
[3 marks]
c) Based on the observations in the experiment above, state the relationship between the
position of the elements in Group 1 of the Periodic Table of Elements with the reactivity
of the elements towards oxygen.
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
[3 marks]
d) Arrange the reactivity of the metal with oxygen in descending order.
______________________________________________________________________
[3 marks]

e) List all the variables involved in this experiment.

Responding variable : ___________________________
Manipulated variable : ___________________________
Constant variable

: ___________________________
[3 marks]

f)

State hypothesis that can be made from this experiment

______________________________________________________________________

[3 marks]

g) If 2.3g of Q is dissolved in 250cm of distilled water, find the concentration of the

solution produced.
[Relative atomic mass : Q, 23 ]

[3 marks]
h) Construct a table to lassify the symbol of the elements below into two groups according
to their name of the group.
Symbol of elements: Li, F, Na, Cl, K, Br

[3 marks]

i)

Predict the reactivity of element X when react with oxygen if the element has 37 proton
number by comparing with the reactivity of element P, element Q and element R.

10

_____________________________________________________________________

[3 marks]

j)

State precautions that should be taken when handling the experiment

_____________________________________________________________________
[3 marks]
~ END OF QUESTION ~

Prepared by,

Checked by,

Verified by,

(MISS NUR HAFEZA BT ABU HASSAN) (MADAM CHE NOORAINNI CHE OMAR) (MADAM SARAH MAD DESA)

Chemistry teacher of form 4

Panel Head of Chemistry

Head of science & Mathematics

comittee

This booklet contains 11 printed pages.

Answer scheme of up 1, form 4, 2014 chemistry

11

Q
1

Mark
1
1

Total
1
1

1
1

(d)
(e) (i)
(e) (ii)

Answ er
to ensure substance X is heated evenly
Naphthalene // benzoic acid // palmitic acid // stearic acid //
acetamide
No.
Sodium nitrate does not melt/the temperature of bath water
is not exceeding 100oC/ boiling point of water is 100oC
to avoid supercooling or even heating
79 oC
Heat loss to surroundings

1
1
1

1
1

(f)
(g) (i)

is balance by heat energy liberated as the particle attract one

another to form solid
Solid
Thick and white smoke

1
1

1
1

(a)
(b)
(c)

(g) (ii)

Q
2
(a)

NH3 (g)+ HCl(g) NH4Cl(s)

1
Correct formulae of substance and product
1
State of each substances and product
1
Balance the equation
TOTAL MARKS
Answ er
P = 2.8
Q = 2.7
R = 2.1

13

Mark
1

Total
1

(i)

group = 18
period = 2

(ii)

group = 17
period = 2

(iii)

group = 1
period = 2

(c)

Element P
because P has a stable octet electron arrangement.

1
1

(d)

Q2 ( g ) + H2O ( l )
HQ ( a q ) + HOQ (a q )
Correct formulae of substance and product
State of each substances and product
Balance the equation

1
1
1

(b)

(e)
(f)

R
Q
12

P, Q and R

(g)

1
1
TOTAL MARKS 10

SECTION B
N
3.

(a)

(i)

(i)

ANSWER
Diagram 2.1: Electron arrangement: 2.8.7, Element: Chlorine
Diagram 2.1: Electron arrangement: 2.8.18.7, Element:
Bromine

Mark
1
1

TOTAL
2

Diagram 8.1
Group 17 period 3

Diagram 8.2
Group 17 period 4

Reason
Diagram 8.1 is in period 3 because it has 3 shells
occupied electrons whereas diagram 8.2 is in period 4
because it has 4 shells occupied electrons

1
6

(b)
Aspects
Attractive
forces
between
the nuclei
and the
valence
electrons
Reason

Reactivity
Reason

Diagram 8.2
Weaker

Outermost occupied shell is in

Diagram 8.1 is nearer to the
nucleus
More
Less
elctronegative electronegative
Nucleus of Diagram 8.1 is asier to
receive electrons to form negative
ion

Marks
1+1

1+1
1

Less reactive

(c)
(d)

Diagram 8.1
Stronger

(i)

(ii)

A formula that shows the simplest whole number

ratio of atoms

Of each elements in a compound

Empirical formula:
Element

3
C

H
13

mark

Mass (g)
Number of
mole
ratio
Simplest ratio

(iii)

85.70
85.70/12

14.30
14.30/1

7.14/7.14 =
1
1

14.30/7.14 =
2
2

1
1

The empirical formula CH2

( CH2 )n = 56

[ 12 + 2(1) ]n = 56
1

n = 56/1 4
n=4
The molecular formula C4H8

No.

Answer
4(a) Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass
(b) (i) Solid , liquid and gas

Marks
1

Total
1

(ii).
2

2
3 corrects 2 marks
2 corrects -1 mark
1 correct 0

14

Solid
- Particle are closely packed and in orderly arrangement

Strong forces of attraction exist between the particles

Liquid
- Particle are closely packed but are not arranged in order.
- Moderately strong forces of attraction exist between the
particles.

Gas
- Particles are far apart from each other.

Weak forces of attraction exist between the particles

Section C
Question Score 3
No.
5(a)
Able to give the accurate problem
statement.Response is in the
question form.
(ignore the question mark)
Sample answer:
How does the reactivity of group I
elements/(alkali metals)(/metals X,
Y and Z )
change when react with water?

5(b)

5(c)

Score 2

Score 1

Able to give the correct

problem
statement.Response is in
the question form(ignore
the question mark)

Able to give the idea of

problem statement
Sample answer
Reactivity change// React
with water

Sample answer
What is the reactivity of
group I elements? // Do
group I elements react
with water?

Able to give all three variables

accurately and correctly.

Able to give any two

variables correctly

Able to give any one

variables correctly

Sample answer:
Manipulated variables: different
types of metals
Responding variables: reactivity
Constant variables : size of metals
Able to state the relationship
between the manipulated variable

Able to state the

relationship between the

Able to state idea of

hypothesis

15

5(d)

5(e)

5(f)

and responding variable and the

direction accurately

manipulated variable and

responding variable

Sample answer:
When going down Group I, metals
X,Y and Z becomes more reactive
in their reactions with water

Sample answer
When going down Group I
,the reaction of metals
X,Y and Z with water
becomes more reactive//
Group I metals react with
water vigorously
Able to list adequate
materials and apparatus
correctly

Able to list all the materials and

apparatus needed accurately

Sample answer
( Metals )reactive//react
vigorously

Able to list any one metals

and water

sample answer:
Materials : metals X,Y and Z, water
Apparatus:
Knife, forceps,basin/water
troughs,,filter paper

Sample answer:
Materials : any 2 metals,
water
Apparatus : knife

Able to write all the procedures

correctly

Able to write adequate

procedures

Sample answer:
1. Cut a small piece of metal
X using a knife and a
forceps
2. Dry the oil using filter paper
3. Place metal X slowly onto
water surface in a trough
4. Record your observations
5.Repeat using metals Y
and Z

Sample answer:
Steps 1, steps 3 and steps Sample answer:
4
Steps 1 and steps 3//
Steps 3 only

Able to exhibit the tabulation of

data that includes the following
four information:
1. heading for the
manipulated
2. all metals

Able to exhibit the

tabulation of data that
includes the following
information:
1. Heading for the
manipulated and
16

Sample answer:
X/Y/Z
and water

Able to write minimum

procedures

Able to exhibit the tabulation

of data that includes the
following information
1. heading for the
manipulated/respondi
ng variable

3. heading for the responding

variables
4. 2 x 4 / 4 x 2 tables
Sample answer:
metals Observation/reactivity
X
Y
Z

Num
6(a)

(b)

responding variables
2. 2 metals

2. 1 metal
Sample answer

Sample answer
Material/substance
X
elements
X
Y

observation

Marking scheme
[able to state three observations for each of the experiment correctly,]
Element P burns slowly and produces white fumes
Element Q burns vigorously and produces whites fumes.
Element R burns more vigorously and produces white fumes.

Mark
3

[able to state two observations correctly]

[able to state one observation correctly]
[able to state three inferences for each of the experiment correctly,]

2
1
3

Element P has lowest reactivity when react with oxygen among the three
elements
Element Q has moderate reactivity when react with oxygen among the three
elements
Element R has highest reactivity when react with oxygen among the three
elements

(c)

(d)

[able to state two inferences correctly]

[able to state one inference correctly]
Able to state the relationship accurately
Sample answer:
The lower the position of the metal in group 1, the higher the reactivity of the
metal towards oxygen. // going down the group 1 the reactivity when react
with oxygen increases
Able to state the relationship correctly but less accurate
Sample answer:
Different types of alkali metals, different reactivity of metals// Reactivity of
metals depends on different types of alkali metals
Able to state any idea of relationship Sample answer: Reactivity of metal
depends on the position of metal// Potassium is the most reactive metal
when react with water
Able to arrange all the three elements in descending order with arrow and
label
17

2
1
3

Q,R,P
Descending order

(e)

Able to arrange all the three elements in descending order

P,R,Q
Able to arrange all the three elements in ascending order
P,R,Q

Able to state three variables accurately

Responding variable : reactivity of reaction/ color of flame
Manipulated variable : Type of element / element P,Q and R

Constant variable

(f)

(g)

: oxygen

Able to state two variables accurately

Able to state one variable accurately or any two incomplete variables
Able to state the hypothesis accurately.
Sample answer:
Metal which is lower down in Group 1 is more reactive towards oxygen// X is
more reactive than sodium and lithium towards oxygen.
Able to state the inference less accurately.
Sample answer.
Reactivity towards oxygen increases when going down Group 1 //Sodium is
more reactive than lithium towards oxygen.
Able to state the idea of inference.
Sample answer.
Metal can react with oxygen
Able to calculate the concentration correctly by showing a correct step of
calculation and the correct answer with unit

2
1
3

2.3g/ 0.25dm3 = 9.2gdm-3

Able to show a correct step of calculation and the correct answer without unit

2.3/ 0.25 = 9.2

Able to show either one step of calculation or the answer without unit Sample
answer:

2.3/ 0.25 = 9.2

(h)

Able to classify all the symbol of elements into alkali metal (group 1 ) and
halogen (group 17 ) correctly
Sample answer
Able to classify at least two symbol of elements of group 1 and two symbol of
elements of group 17 correctly
18

(i)

(j)

Able to classify all the symbol of elements correctly but in opposite group:
Able to predict the reactivity of element X by comparing with the three other
elements
Sample answer
Element X has highest reactivity compared to element P, Q and R
Able to predict the reactivity of element X by comparing with element P only
Sample answer
Element X has higher reactivity compared to element P
Able to predict the reactivity of element X without compare with any element
Sample answer
Element X has highest reactivity
Able to give any three precautions when handling group 1 elements
Stored in paraffin oil
Wearing safety goggles
Wearing gloves
Using in small quantity
Using forceps and not bare hands

1
3

Able to give any two precautions when handling group 1 elements

Able to give any one precaution when handling group 1 elements

19