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EXAMPLE BS 8110-97 PT-SL-001

Post-Tensioned Slab Design
PROBLEM DESCRIPTION
The purpose of this example is to verify the slab stresses and the required area of
mild steel strength reinforcing for a post-tensioned slab.
A one-way, simply supported slab is modeled in SAFE. The modeled slab is 254
mm thick by 914 mm wide and spans 9754 mm, as shown in shown in Figure 1.
Prestressing tendon, Ap
Mild Steel, As

229 mm
254 mm
25 mm

Length, L = 9754 mm

914 mm

Section

Elevation

Figure 1 One-Way Slab

EXAMPLE BS 8110-97 PT-SL-001 - 1

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A 254-mm-wide design strip is centered along the length of the slab and has been
defined as an A-Strip. B-strips have been placed at each end of the span,
perpendicular to Strip-A (the B-Strips are necessary to define the tendon profile).
A tendon with two strands, each having an area of 99 mm2, was added to the AStrip. The self-weight and live loads were added to the slab. The loads and posttensioning forces are as follows.
Loads:

Dead = self weight,

Live = 4.788 kN/m2

The total factored strip moments, required area of mild steel reinforcement, and
slab stresses are reported at the midspan of the slab. Independent hand calculations
have been compared with the SAFE results and summarized for verification and
validation of the SAFE results.
GEOMETRY, PROPERTIES AND LOADING
Thickness
Effective depth
Clear span

T, h =
d
=
L
=

Concrete strength
Yield strength of steel
Prestressing, ultimate
Prestressing, effective
Area of Prestress (single strand)
Concrete unit weight
Modulus of elasticity
Modulus of elasticity
Poissons ratio

f 'c
fy
fpu
fe
Ap
wc
Ec
Es

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

Dead load
Live load

wd
wl

=
=

254 mm
229 mm
9754 mm
30
400
1862
1210
198
23.56
25000
200,000
0

MPa
MPa
MPa
MPa
mm2
kN/m3
N/mm3
N/mm3

self kN/m2
4.788 kN/m2

TECHNICAL FEATURES OF SAFE TESTED

Calculation of the required flexural reinforcement
Check of slab stresses due to the application of dead, live, and post-tensioning
loads.
RESULTS COMPARISON
Table 1 shows the comparison of the SAFE total factored moments, required mild
steel reinforcing, and slab stresses with the independent hand calculations.

EXAMPLE BS 8110-97 PT-SL-001 - 2

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Table 1 Comparison of Results

FEATURE TESTED

INDEPENDENT
RESULTS

SAFE
RESULTS

DIFFERENCE

174.4

174.4

0.00%

19.65

19.79

0.71%

5.058

5.057

0.02%

2.839

2.839

0.00%

10.460

10.465

0. 50%

8.402

8.407

0.06%

Factored moment,
Mu (Ultimate) (kN-m)
Area of Mild Steel reqd,
As (sq-cm)
Transfer Conc. Stress, top
(D+PTI), MPa
Transfer Conc. Stress, bot
(D+PTI), MPa
Normal Conc. Stress, top
(D+L+PTF), MPa
Normal Conc. Stress, bot
(D+L+PTF), MPa

COMPUTER FILE: BS 8110-97 PT-SL-001.FDB

CONCLUSION
The SAFE results show an acceptable comparison with the independent results.

EXAMPLE BS 8110-97 PT-SL-001 - 3

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HAND CALCULATIONS:
Design Parameters:
Mild Steel Reinforcing
fcu = 30 MPa
fy = 400 MPa

Post-Tensioning
fpu = 1862 MPa
fpy = 1675 MPa
Stressing Loss = 186 MPa
Long-Term Loss = 94 MPa
fi = 1490 MPa
fe = 1210 MPa

m, steel = 1.15
m, concrete = 1.50
Prestressing tendon, Ap
Mild Steel, As

229 mm
254 mm
25 mm

Length, L = 9754 mm

914 mm

Section

Elevation

Loads:
Dead, self-wt = 0.254 m x 23.56 kN/m3 = 5.984 kN/m2 (D) x 1.4 = 8.378 kN/m2 (Du)
Live,
= 4.788 kN/m2 (L) x 1.6 = 7.661 kN/m2 (Lu)
Total = 10.772 kN/m2 (D+L) = 16.039 kN/m2 (D+L)ult

=10.772 kN/m2 x 0.914m = 9.846 kN/m, u = 16.039 kN/m2 x 0.914m = 14.659 kN/m
wl12
= 14.659 x (9.754)2/8 = 174.4 kN-m
8
f pu Ap
7000
Ultimate Stress in strand, f pb f pe
1 1.7

l/d
f cu bd
Ultimate Moment, M U

1210

7000
1862(198)
1 1.7

9.754 / 0.229
30(914)(229)

1358 MPa 0.7 f pu 1303 MPa

EXAMPLE BS 8110-97 PT-SL-001 - 4

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K factor used to determine the effective depth is given as:

174.4
M
=
0.1213 < 0.156
K
2
2
f cu bd
30000 0.914 0.229

K
0.95d = 192.2 mm
z d 0.5 0.25

0
.
9

Ultimate force in PT, Fult , PT AP ( f PS ) 197.4 1303 1000 257.2 KN

Ultimate moment due to PT, M ult , PT Fult , PT ( z ) / 257.2 0.192 1.15 43.00 kN-m
Net Moment to be resisted by As, M NET MU M PT
174.4 43.00 131.40 kN-m
The area of tensile steel reinforcement is then given by:
As

M NET
131.4
1e6 1965 mm 2
=
0.87 400 192
0.87 f y z

Check of Concrete Stresses at Midspan:

Initial Condition (Transfer), load combination (D+PTi) = 1.0D+0.0L+1.0PTI
Tendon stress at transfer = jacking stress stressing losses = 1490 186 = 1304 MPa
The force in the tendon at transfer, = 1304 197.4 1000 257.4 kN

Moment due to dead load, M D 5.984 0.914 9.754 8 65.04 kN-m

M PT FPTI (sag) 257.4 102mm 1000 26.25 kN-m
Moment due to PT,
2

FPTI M D M PT
257.4
65.04 26.23

A
S
0.254 0.914
0.00983
where S=0.00983m3
f 1.109 3.948 MPa
f 5.058(Comp) max, 2.839(Tension) max

Stress in concrete, f

Normal Condition, load combinations: (D+L+PTF) = 1.0D+1.0L+1.0PTF

Tendon stress at Normal = jacking stressing long-term = 1490 186 94= 1210 MPa
The force in tendon at Normal, = 1210 197.4 1000 238.9 kN

Moment due to dead load, M D 5.984 0.914 9.754 8 65.04 kN-m

2

Moment due to live load, M L 4.788 0.914 9.754 8 52.04 kN-m

2

Moment due to PT,

M PT FPTI (sag) 238.9 102 mm 1000 24.37 kN-m

EXAMPLE BS 8110-97 PT-SL-001 - 5

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Stress in concrete for (D+L+PTF),

F
M
M PT
238.8
117.08 24.37
f PTI D L

A
S
0.254 0.914
0.00983
f 1.029 9.431
f 10.460(Comp) max, 8.402(Tension) max

EXAMPLE BS 8110-97 PT-SL-001 - 6