Unit 1: SIMPLE PRESENT AND PRESENT CONTINUOUS

I.

Grammar:
1.
Simple present tense:
a. Form:
I / We / You / They
+
V
He / She / It
+
V s/es
b. Usage: The simple present tense is used for two main types of action
Habits: Actions which happen regularly
Ex: It rains a lot in Vancouver.
(Tri ma nhiu Vancouver.)
Jerry spends Christmas with his parents.
(Jerry dnh thi gian Ging sinh vi gia nh anh y.)
States: Things which do not often change
Ex: Martin likes chocolate.
(Martin thch s-c-la.)
I live in Da Nang.
(Ti sng Nng.)
The sun rises in the East.
(Mt tri mc hng ng.)
c. Signal words: always, often, normally, usually, sometimes, seldom, never, every
d. Exceptions when adding 's' :
For can, may, might, must, do not add s.
Ex: he can, she may, it must
After o, ch, sh or s, add es.
Ex: do - he does, wash - she washes
After a consonant, the final consonant y becomes ie. (but: not after a vowel)
Ex: worry - he worries
but: play - he plays
2.
Simple continuous tense:
a.Form:
S + am / is / are + V-ing
b.
Usage: The present
continuous tense is used for two main types of action
A temporary action happening now: something which is going on right now
Ex: Its raining outside.
(Ngoi tri ang ma.)
John is working in the library.
(John ang lm vic trong th vin.)
A definite plan for the future: something we intend to do, usually in the near future
Ex: Im playing football tomorrow.
(Ti c k hoch chi bng vo ngy mai.)
The Olympics are taking place here next year.
(Olympics s din ra y vo nm ti theo k hoch.)
c.Signal words: now, right now, at the moment, at this moment, listen!, look!

d.Exceptions when adding 'ing' :

Silent e is dropped. (but: does not apply for -ee)
Example: come - coming
but: agree - agreeing
After a short, stressed vowel, the final consonant is doubled.
Example: sit - sitting
After a vowel, the final consonant l is doubled in British English (but not in American
English).
Example: travel - travelling (British English)
but: traveling (American English)
Final ie becomes y.
Example: lie - lying
3.

Certain verbs:
The following verbs are usually only used in Simple Present (not in the continuous
form).
state: be, cost, fit, mean, suit
Example: We are on holiday.
possession: belong, have
Example: Sam has a cat.
senses: feel, hear, see, smell, taste, touch
Example: He feels the cold.
feelings: hate, hope, like, love, prefer, regret, want, wish
Example: Jane loves pizza.
brain work: believe, know, think, understand
Example: I believe you.
Introductory clauses for direct speech: answer, ask, reply, say
Example: I am watching TV, he says.

II.

Drill:
Exercise 1: Choose the correct form of the verb to be am/is/are
1. It cold today.
2. I . at home now.
3. They . Korean.
4. There a pen on the desk.
5. My name . Nikita.
6. We . from Ukraine.
7. That . right.
8. I OK, thanks.
9. Clara and Steve . married.
10. She an English teacher.
Exercise 2: Using the words in parentheses, complete the sentences below with the
appropriate tenses
Ex: Steve always .. his bike in the afternoon. (to ride)
Steve always rides his bike in the afternoon.

1. Andy sometimes . comics. (to read)

2. We never TV in the morning. (to watch)
3. Listen! Sandy .. in the bathroom. (to sing)
4. My sister usually in the kitchen. (to help)
5. My mother breakfast now. (make)
6. They often the bathroom. (to clean)
7. Look! The boys home. (to come)
8. Every day, his grandfather for a walk. (to go)
9. I .with my friend at the moment. (to chat)
10. Cats mice. (to eat)
Exercise 3: Put the verb in the present continuous or simple present.
Ex: Excuse me. (you / speak) English?
Excuse me. Do you speak English?
1. (Not / like) politics?
................................................................................................................................................
2. How many languages (you / speak)?
................................................................................................................................................
3. Where (you / live)?
................................................................................................................................................
4. What (you / do) at the moment?
................................................................................................................................................
5. He (not / wear) a tie today.
................................................................................................................................................
6. I (not / believe) that you are a millionaire.
................................................................................................................................................
7. He often (travel) abroad on business.
................................................................................................................................................
8. David is in Paris this week. He (stay) at the Hilton Hotel. He usually (stay) at the
Hilton Hotel when he s in Paris.
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
9. We (have) a party next Sunday. Would you like to come?
................................................................................................................................................
10. Ann, we (go) to town. (you / come) with us?
................................................................................................................................................
Exercise 4: Match questions in the left column with answers in the right column
Are they coming to the party?
Do we have to pay for it?
Is she coming back?
Does she eat meat?
Is it still raining?
Does it always rain so much here?
Do they have everything they need?
Are you waiting to see the doctor?

Do you see him very often?

Are we going to Greece this year?
Yes, it does, at this time of year
No, they dont
No, they arent
No, we arent. We cant afford it
No, she doesnt
No, I dont

I dont think she is

Yes, I am. Hes very late

Yes, we do
Yes, it is.

Exercise 5: Put the verb in brackets in the correct form (present simple or present
continuous)
Next week, my friends and I (go) camping in the woods. I
(organize) the food, because I (like) cooking.
Dave .(have) a big car with a trailer, so he ..(plan)
the transportation. Sam (bring) the tent he..(go) camping
every year, so he (have) a great tent and a lot of other equipment. My
wife (think) were crazy. She ....(like) holidays in
comfortable hotels, so she ...(take) a trip to Paris instead.
Exercise 6: Choose the correct form of the verb depending on whether in this meaning it
is an action or a state verb. If both the Present Continuous and the Present Simple tenses
are possible, use the Present Continuous tense.
1.

a) Why are you smelling the soup?

b) Why do you smell the soup?

2.

a) She was feeling his arm on her shoulder.

b) She felt his arm on her shoulder.

3.

a) Are you having an English dictionary?

b) Do you have an English dictionary?

4.

a) What are you thinking about?

b) What do you think about?

5.

a) I am feeling much better today.

b) I feel much better today.

6.

a) What are you looking at?

b) What do you look at?

7.

a) I am not hearing you.

b) I can't hear you.

8.

a) What are you thinking of me?

b) What do you think of me?

9.

a) I am feeling we should go home now.

b) I feel we should go home now.

10.

a) This bread is tasting funny.

b) This bread tastes funny.

III.

Writing:
Exercise 1: Translate the following sentences into English
1. Ti hc ting Anh mi ngy.

2. Ti ang hc ting Anh ti mt trung tm Anh ng.

3. Anh y i bi mi sng vi bn.

4. Chng ti ang bi trong b bi khch sn.

5. C y thng ung mt cc sa mi ngy.

6. C y ang ung sa lc ny.

7. H ang i xem phim cng nhau.

8. Gia nh ti thng i xem phim vo cui tun.

9. Peter v John ang c sch trong th vin.

10. Mary v Anna khng c sch vo bui ti. H thng i chi mi ti.

Exercise 2: Answer questions and write a paragraph about yourself:

- What do you do in your free time?
- Do you often use the Internet?
- How many hours do you use the Internet every day?
- What do you do on the Internet?
- Are you using the Internet right now?

Unit 2: SIMPLE PAST AND PAST CONTINUOUS

I.

Grammar:
1.
Simple past tense:
a.
From:
V-ed (regular)
S

+
V2. in the second column (irregular)

b.
Usage: use the Simple Past to express the idea that an action started and finished
at a specific time in the past.
Ex: I saw a movie yesterday.
(Ngy hm qua ti xem phim.)
Last year, he traveled to Japan.
(Nm ngoi, anh i Nht.)
c.
Signal words: yesterday, last night, last week, last year, 2 days ago
d.
Exceptions when adding ed:
- when the final letter is e, only add d.
Example: love - loved
- after a short, stressed vowel, the final consonant is doubled
Example: admit - admitted
- after a consonant, final y becomes i. (but: not after a vowel)
Example: worry - he worried
but: play - he played
2.
Past continuous tense:
a.Form:
I / He / She / It

was
+ V-ing

We / You / They

were

b. Usage: use Past Continuous to express

Actions in the past happened in the same time
Ex: Simon was playing on the computer while his brother was watching TV.
(Simon ang chi my tnh trong khi anh n ang xem TV.)
An action already in progress
Ex: My mobile suddenly rang when I was sitting in a meeting.
(in thoi ca ti bt ng rung ln khi ti ang ngi trong phng hp.)
c.Signal words: when, while, as long as,
d. Exceptions when adding ing:
- silent e is dropped (but: does not apply for -ee)
Example: come - coming
but: agree - agreeing
- after a short, stressed vowel, the final consonant is doubled
Example: sit - sitting
- final ie becomes y.
Example: lie - lying

Infinitive

Simple Past

Past Participle

be

was, were

been

become

became

become

begin

began

begun

break

broke

broken

bring

brought

brought

buy

bought

bought

catch

caught

caught

choose

chose

chosen

come

came

come

cost

cost

cost

cut

cut

cut

do

did

done

draw

drew

drawn

drink

drank

drunk

drive

drove

driven

eat

ate

eaten

fall

fell

fallen

feel

felt

felt

find

found

found

fly

flew

flown

forget

forgot

forgotten / forgot [?]

forgive

forgave

forgiven

get

got

gotten / got [?]

give

gave

given

go

went

gone

grow

grew

grown

hang

hung

hung

have

had

had

hear

heard

heard

hit

hit

hit

hold

held

held

hurt

hurt

hurt

keep

kept

kept

know

knew

known

lay

laid

laid

learn

learned / learnt [?]

learned / learnt [?]

leave

left

left

lend

lent

lent

let

let

let

lie

lay

lain

lie (not tell truth) REGULAR

lied

lied

lose

lost

lost

make

made

made

mean

meant

meant

meet

met

met

mow

mowed

mowed / mown

overcome

overcame

overcome

pay

paid

paid

put

put

put

read

read (sounds like "red")

read (sounds like "red")

ride

rode

ridden

ring

rang

rung

rise

rose

risen

run

ran

run

say

said

said

see

saw

seen

sell

sold

sold

send

sent

sent

set

set

set

sew

sewed

sewn / sewed

sing

sang

sung

sit

sat

sat

sleep

slept

slept

smell

smelt

smelt

speak

spoke

spoken

spend

spent

spent

split

split

split

stand

stood

stood

steal

stole

stolen

swim

swam

swum

take

took

taken

teach

taught

taught

tell

told

told

think

thought

thought

throw

threw

thrown

understand

understood

understood

undo

undid

undone

upset

upset

upset

wake

woke

woken

wear

wore

worn

wet

wet

wet

win

won

won

write

wrote

written

II.

Drill:
Exercise 1: Put the correct form of verbs, use Simple Past
1. He (walk) to school yesterday.
.
2. They (do) their homework last night.
.
3. You (are) lazy last week.

4. That woman (buy) a new book this morning.

5. The janitor (clean) the blackboard yesterday.

6. My mother (cook) food yesterday.

7. This morning my teacher (teach) English.

.
8. I (am) hungry yesterday.
..
9. The gardener (cut) the trees last month.
..
10. She (drink) milk this morning.
..
11. Last month the man (ride) a horse.
..
12. Sakda (go) to Hong Kong last year.
..
13. The birds (fly) in the sky this morning.
..
14. I (know) Tom's house last year.
..
15. The joiner (make) tables and chairs yesterday.
..
16. The farmer (grow) rice last year.
..
17. Two weeks ago the boy (has) a new bicycle.
..
18. He (feel) happy yesterday.
..
19. We (work) hard last week.
..
20. The students (meet) in the hall last week.
..
Exercise 2: Put the verbs into the correct tense (simple past or past progressive).

1. When I (do).. the washing-up, I (break). a plate.

2. While Tom (play). the piano, his mother (do) the
washing-up.
3. He (drink) .some juice and then he (eat) a few chips.
4. I (have).. dinner when I suddenly (hear). a loud bang.
5. When my father (work). in the garden, an old friend (pass)
by to see him.
6. She (go) .. to school, (take) .. out her textbook and
(begin) to learn.
7. When it (start) to rain, our dog (want) . to come
inside.
8. When Jane (do) a language course in Ireland, she (visit)
. Blarney Castle.
9. When I (be) on my way home, I (see) . an accident.
10. I (not / understand) what they (talk) . about.
11. When I (get) . up yesterday, the sun (shine) .
12. It (is) a beautiful morning.
13. So I (decide) .. to cycle around a little.
14. I (go) . to the shed and (take) .out my bike.
15. While I (cycle) past some villages, I (see) some
people in their gardens.
16. One man (mow) . the grass while his wife (pick)
strawberries.
17. After one hour of cycling in sunshine, a big fat raincloud suddenly (appear)
. and it (start) to rain.
18. Luckily, a farmer (notice) .. me and (tell) . me to come
in.
19. While it (rain) . outside, I (sit) . in the farmer's house.
20. After a while, the sun (come) out again.
Exercise 3: Put the verb into the correct form, past simple or past continuous
1. John (fall) .. off the ladder while he (paint) the
ceiling.
2. Last night I (read) in bed when suddenly I (hear)
a scream.
3. (You/ watch) TV when I phoned you?
4. Carol (wait) .. for me when I (arrive) .
5. I (not / drive) . very fast when the accident (happen)

6. I (break) .. a plate last night. I (do) . the washing up

when it (slip) . out of my hand.
7. Tom (take) . a photo of me while I (not / look) .
8. I (not / go) .out because it (rain)
9. What (you / do) .at this time yesterday?
10. What (you / do) . when I (call) you?

Exercise 4: Use the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate
tenses
Last night, while I (do) my homework, Angela (call) .
She said she (call) .. me on her cell phone from her biology classroom at
UCLA. I asked her if she (wait) .. for class, but she said that the
professor (be) at the front of the hall lecturing while she (talk)
. to me. I couldnt believe she (make) a phone call
during the lecture. I asked what was going on.
She said her biology professor (be) .. so boring that several of the students
(sleep) .. in class. Some of the students (talk) about their
plans for the weekend and the student next to her (draw) a picture of a
horse. When Angela (tell) me she was not satisfied with the class, I
(mention) . that she switch to my class.
While we (talk) ., I (hear) .. her professor yell, Miss,
are you making a phone call?. Suddenly, the line went dead. I (hang)
. up the phone and went to the kitchen to make dinner. As I (cut)
. Vegetables for a salad, the phone rang once again. It (be) .
Angela, but this time she wasnt sitting in class.
III.

Writing:
Exercise 1: Translate the following sentences into English.
1. Ti i siu th v mua mt ci o s mi trng vo tun trc.

2. Peter khng i bi vi John vo cui tun.

3. Ba tng ti mt cun t in vo ngy sinh nht ti.

................................................................................................................................................
4. Hm qua m ti nu m v lm mt chic bnh tht to.

5. Ti qua, khi ti ang hc bi th in thoi rung.

6. Vo lc 7 gi ngy hm qua, trong khi ba ti ang xem TV th m ti li ngi dy em

trai ti hc ting Anh.

7. Ti i xem phim vi David 2 ngy trc. Ti cm thy rt vui. B phim tht th

v.
...............................................................................................................................................
...
8. Gia nh ti i Nha Trang v thm h hng vo ma h ny.
..
9. Ti bit anh ta. Ti gp anh ta trong mt ba tic 2 tun trc.
..
10. Ti thy Mary khi c y ang c sch trong th vin.
..

Exercise 2: Read the following text, then write a similar paragraph

Last summer, my family and I went to Vung Tau. We had great time together with
the joy of swimming. We arrived at 9 am and rented a room at a small hotel. Then we
quickly went to the beach. My dad brought us a kite to fly it. We swam a lot, until 11 am.
At lunch time, we ate fried chicken and fruits. The food was so delicious that my brother
wanted to eat more and more. In the afternoon, we took a taxi to visit my fathers friends.
They were hospitable and funny. We had a small party together. At night, my family went
sightseeing with some tourist. We saw beautiful natural landscapes and ate ice-cream.
The next day, we went to the amusement park to try some new games. They were
fantastic. I also bought souvenirs for my friends. That was the most excellent trip Ive
ever experienced.

Unit 3: PRESENT PERFECT AND SIMPLE FUTURE

I.

Grammar:
1. Present perfect tense:
a.
Form:
I / You / We / They

have
+ Past participle

He / She / It

has

b.
Usage:
- puts emphasis on the result
Ex: She has written five letters.
(C ta vit 5 l th ri y.)
- action that is still going on
Ex: School has not started yet.
(Trng hc cha bt u li.)
- action that stopped recently
Ex: She has cooked dinner.
(C y nu xong ba ti ri.)
- finished action that has an influence on the present
Ex: I have lost my key.
(Ti b mt cha kha ri.)
- action that has taken place once, never or several times before the moment of speaking
Ex: I have never been to Australia.
(Ti cha tng n c trc y.)
c.Signal words: already, ever, just, never, not yet, so far, till now, up to now
2. Simple future tense:
a.Form:
S
+
will
+
V
b.
Usage:
- a spontaneous decision
ex: Wait, I will help you.
(i t. T s gip cu.)
- an opinion, hope, uncertainty or assumption regarding the future
ex: He will probably come back tomorrow.
(Anh ta c th s v vo ngy mai.)
- a promise
ex: I will not watch TV tonight.
(Ti s khng xem TV toois nay.)
- an action in the future that cannot be influenced
ex: It will rain tomorrow.
(Tri s ma vo ngy mai.)
- conditional clauses type I
ex: If I arrive late, I will call you.
(Nu ti n r, ti s gi cho anh.)
c.Signal words:

- in a year, next , tomorrow

- I think, probably, perhaps
II.

Drill:
Exercise 1: Put the verbs into the correct form (present perfect simple).
1. I (not / work) .. today.
2. We (buy) a new lamp.
3. We (not / plan) .. our holiday yet.
4. Where (be / you) .?
5. He (write) five letters.
6. She (not / see) . him for a long time.
7. (be / you) . at school?
8. School (not / start) .. yet.
9. (speak / he) to his boss?
10. No, he (have / not) the time yet.

Exercise 2: Write sentences in present perfect tense

1. we / reach / our goal
........................................................................................................................
2. our team / lose / the match
........................................................................................................................
3. she / underline / the word
........................................................................................................................
4. they / not / discover / the treasure
........................................................................................................................
5. Ron / not / talk / about the problem
........................................................................................................................
6. you / knock / at the door
........................................................................................................................
7. the teacher / mark / the tests
........................................................................................................................
8. she / buy / a new computer
........................................................................................................................
9. they / rescue / the girl
........................................................................................................................
10. Brad / wear / a blue shirt
........................................................................................................................
Exercise 3: Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate
tenses, use Simple Past or Present Perfect
1.
A: Did you like the movie "Star Wars?"
B: I don't know. I (see, never) . that movie.
2. Sam (arrive) . in San Diego a week ago.
3. My best friend and I (know) each other for over fifteen years.

We still get together once a week.

4. Stinson is a fantastic writer. He (write) ten very creative short
stories in the last year. One day, he'll be as famous as Hemingway.
5. I (have, not) . this much fun since I (be) a kid.
6. Things (change) .. a great deal at Coltech, Inc. When we first
(start) working here three years ago, the company (have, only)
.. six employees. Since then, we (expand) to
include more than 2000 full-time workers.
7. I (tell) him to stay on the path while he was hiking, but he
(wander) off into the forest and (be) bitten by a
snake.
8. Listen Donna, I don't care if you (miss) . the bus this morning. You
(be) . late to work too many times. You are fired!
9. Sam is from Colorado, which is hundreds of miles from the coast, so he (see, never)
the ocean. He should come with us to Miami.
10. How sad! George (dream) .. of going to California before he died,
but he didn't make it. He (see, never) the ocean.
11. In the last hundred years, traveling (become) . much easier and
very comfortable. In the 19th century, it (take) .. two or three months
to cross North America by covered wagon. The trip (be) . very rough
and often dangerous. Things (change) . a great deal in the last
hundred and fifty years. Now you can fly from New York to Los Angeles in a matter of
hours.
12. Jonny, I can't believe how much you (change) since the last
time I (see) . you. You (grow) . at least a foot!
13. This tree (be) .. planted by the settlers who (found)
. our city over four hundred years ago.
14. This mountain (be, never) . climbed by anyone. Several
mountaineers (try) . to reach the top, but nobody (succeed, ever)
.. The climb is extremely difficult and many people (die)
. trying to reach the summit.
15. I (visit, never) Africa, but I (travel) .. to
South America several times. The last time I (go) .. to South America, I
(visit) . Brazil and Peru. I (spend) .. two weeks in
the Amazon, (hike) for a week near Machu Picchu, and (fly)
over the Nazca Lines.
Exercise 4: Use Simple Future to write sentences
1. Harry / cause / trouble
Positive:
Negative:
Question:
2. you / copy / the homework
Positive:
Negative:
Question:
3. the clouds / disappear

 Positive:
Negative:
Question:
4. he / marry / his girlfriend
the s Positive:
Negative:
Question:
5. the snowman / melt
Positive:
Negative:
Question:
6. the people / panic
Positive:
Negative:
Question:
7. they / react / to my question
Positive:
Negative:
Question:
8. she / probably / teach / in London
Positive:
Negative:
Question:
Exercise 5: Fill in blanks the words below, use Simple Future
Have - go - meet - visit - walk - have - buy - not be - have
Tomorrow I my friend George. We to the movies and
then we ..our dinner at the new fast food place. In the afternoon we
Georges uncle and play table tennis in his garden. Then we
around in the shopping mall where we a look at the shops. Maybe I
.new jeans. We back before 6 oclock. I think we a
great day.
III.

Writing:
Exercise 1: Translate the following sentences into English
1. Ti sng y t nm 1990.
................................................................................................................................................
2. Ti vit ba l th ri.
................................................................................................................................................
3. C y va i khi.
................................................................................................................................................
4. Ti cha bao gi ht thuc c.
................................................................................................................................................
5. y l ln u tin l tr trn my bay.
................................................................................................................................................

6. Ti v bn gi ti xem b phim ri.

................................................................................................................................................
7. Ti chc chn anh ta s n tr.
................................................................................................................................................
8. Bui ca nhc s kt thc vo lc 10 gi ti nay.
................................................................................................................................................
9. John va b gy chn. Ti s a anh y n bnh vin.
................................................................................................................................................
10. Ti s khng gp anh na cho n khi anh chu xin li ti.
................................................................................................................................................
Exercise 2: Can you write a short story using these words?
Day off
Travel
A car
Sightseeing
Photos
Food
Play
Happy