CHAPTER 1

Some Daily Expressions

Greeting (salam)
a. Good morning (pukul 01:00-11:00)
b. Good day (non formal 12:00-17:00)
c. Good afternoon (formal)
d. Good evening (17:00-24:00)
e. Hi and hello
f. Its nice to see you
g. How are you
h. How do you do
i. How goes it
j. Hows life

Response
Good morning
Good day
Good afterrnoon
Good evening
Hi, hello
Nice to see you
Im fine, thank you
How do you do
Good
Good

1. Parting /Farewells (berpisah)

Response
a. Good bye (selamat jalan/tinggal)
Good bye
b. Good night (selamat malam/tidur)
Good night
c. See you again (sampai jumpa lagi)
See you
d. See you later (sampai jumpa nanti)
See you
e. See you tonight (sampai jumpa nanti malam)See you
f. See you tomorrow (sampai jumpa nanti)
g. See you next time (sampai jumpa lain waktu)
h. Till we meet again (semoga kita berjumpa lagi)
i. See you then (sampai jumpa nanti)
j. So long
So long
k. Send my good regard to
Ok

2. Thanking/Gratitude (terima kasih)

a. Thank you
b. Thank you very much
c. Thank so much
d. Many thanks
e. Thanks a lot
f. Much obliged
g. Thank for your (help, kindness, service)
h. Thanks for everything
i. Thanks any way
j. Im very gratefull to you
k. I dont know how to say thanks
3. Apologizing/Excuse (maaf)
a. Sorry !
b. Im so sorry
c. Im terrible sorry

d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.

Excuse me
Pardon me
Please forgive me
I beg your pardon
May I be excuse
I apologize to you

CHAPTER 2

CONVERSATION
INTRODUCING

SELF INTRODUCING
Good . . . . (morning/afternoon/evening), friends!
First of all I thank to (Mr./Mrs./ Miss.) . . . . . . . . Who has given me a good chance to
stand in front of the class.
Well, at this opportunity I would like to introduce my self.
My name is . . . . . . . . . . . . . Please call me (You can call me) ..............................
I come from . . . . . . . . . . . . (And / But ) I live (in / on / at) ...................................
I study at . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I am in (class / year / grade) ........................................
I am . . . . . . .( my age will be . . . . . . . ) years old..................................................
I was born on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . in ................................................................
I have . . . . . brother (s) and . . . . . . sister (s) (but i dont have..............................)
My father is a . . . . . . . and my mother is a ...........................................................
(My parents are . . . . . . . . . . )
My hobby is (hobbies are) ......................................................................................
In my free time I like to ..........................................................................................

Okay, thats all about my self and thank you very much for your time and your
attention, if you find a lot of mistakes I beg your pardon.
Its nice to meet you !
INTRODUCING SOME ONE

Hello, good . . . . . ( morning / afternoon / evening) friends!

This is ..........................................................................................................................

Her / his full name is ....................................................................................................

Please call her / him .....................................................................................................
He / she is a new student in .........................................................................................
He / she comes from.....................................................................................................
Now he / she lives (on / in / at) ....................................................................................
He / she is . . . . . . . years old.
His/ her father is a . . . . . . . . . . . and his/her mother is a ............................................

Okay, thank you. Were glad to meet you !

CONVERSATION IN INTRODUCING
1. What is your name?
My name is ........................................... please call me ................................
2. Where do you come from ?
I am from ...................................
3. Where do you live now ?
I live (in /on/ at) ...........................
4. Are you a student ?
Yes, I am a student
5. Where do you go to school ?
I go to shcool at ......................................
I study at ................................................
6. What (class/grade/year) are you now ?
I am in (class/grade/year) ......................
7. How old are you now ?
I am ( my age will be ) ...............years old
8. When were you born ?
I was born on ....................................
9. How many brother and sister do you have ?
I have ............. brother and .............. sister (but i dont have .........)
10. What number are you in your family ?
I am the ............. child
11. What are your parents ?
My father is a ..................... and my mother is a .....................
My parents are .............
12. What is your hobby ?
My hobby is ( hobbies are) .................
13. What is your ambition ?
I want to be a ......................
14. What is your favorite food and drink ?
I like ..................... and .....................

15. How do you go to school every day ?

I go by .................. and sometimes I go .......... (go on foot)
16. How tall are you ?
I am ................... centimeters tall
17. Is your house far from the school ?
Yes, its about ................... kilometers
No, its only ....................... meters
18. What is your phone number ?
It is ..................................
Sorry, I dont have a phone
19. Can you speak English ?
Yes, I can but just a little .
No, I cant speak English .
20. Do you take an English course now ?
Yes, I am learning English at Cakifornia English Course
No, I do not
21. How long you have been learning English there ?
Its about .............. months
22. Who is your English instructor ?
My English instructor is Mr./Mrs./Miss ...........................
23. Do you always practice English ?
Sometimes
Never
CHAPTER 3
The Part of Speech

Pronoun
Subject

Possessive

Object

Meaning

My

Mine

Me

Saya / aku

You

Your

Yours

You

Kamu / anda / engkau

We

Our

Ours

Us

Kita / kami

They

Their

Theirs

Them

Mereka

She

Her

Hers

Her

Dia (female)

He

His

His

Him

Dia (male)

It

Its

Its

It

Itu / ini / ia

Examples
I am a new student.
My house is not far from here.

There are three pens on the table. This one is mine.

Zikri often helps me.
Grand pa usually gives a gift for me on my birthday.
Etc.

Chapter 4

Nouns

Human
Animal
School
Tools
Building
Lessons/subject
Days/months
Food/drinks
Fruit/Vegetables
Clothes
Vehicles/Transportation
Parts of Body
Commons things

Countable Nouns
Article

: a/an
a : Untuk huruf vocal
an: Untuk huruf consonan

ex

: -a book, a cat, a student, a magazine

-an apple, an eagle, an army, an egg, an hour

a. Singular (Satu/tunggal)
ex

: book- one book- a book

eagle-one eagle-an eagle

b. Plural Nouns
Singular
a pen
one pen

Plural
2 pens
10 pens

Uncountable Nouns

Quantity Number

= - a cup of coffe, a glass of water, a kilogram of sugar, a tin of

margarine, a bowl of soup, a pail of paint, a bottle of ink, a piece
of cake, a bunch of spinach.

c. Quantity
Some books
Some students
A few letters
Much sugar
Many buildings
A lot of people

Kata benda ditambah ES apabila berakhiran S-SH-CH-O-X-Z

Bus- Buses
Brush-Brushes
Bench-Benches
Watch-Watches
Potato-Potatoes
Box-Boxes

Kecuali barang yang dibuat manusia yang berakhiran O tidak ditambah ES melainkan
hanya S
Radio

Radios

Video

Videos

ES
Ex

Bila kb tsb berakhiran dengan huruf Y sebelumnya dilalui oleh huruf mati maka Y- I +
: Dictionary- dictionaries
Library-libraries

Kb yang berakhiran huruf f/fe- v + es

Ex

: Leaf-leaves
Wife-wives
Knife-Knives

d. Irregular Nouns
Ex

Tidak ditambah S/ES

: Man- men

Foot-feet

Woman-women

Mouse-Mice

Child-Children
Tooth-Teeth

Chapter 5

ADJECTIVES (Kata Sifat)

Quality/Value
Size
Age
Temperature
Shape
Color
Original
Material

: Good-Bad-Smart-Beautiful etc
: Big-Small-Long-Short-Thick etc
: New-Old-Young-Ancient etc
: Hot-Cold-Warm etc
: Round-Slim-Oval
: Black-Red-Purple
: Indonesia-Korean-American
: Wooden-Gold-Cement etc
ORDER OF ADJECTIVES

Determiner + Quality/Value + Size + Age + Temperature + Shape + Colour + Original

+ Material + Noun.

Ex

: -a beautiful slim young American girl

- Some smart talented tall young china guitarists
PHRASE
Noun
Ex

: Sebuah buku cerita ( a story book)

Halaman rumah saya ( My house yard)

Perpustakaan sekolah tsb (The school library)

Adjective
Ex

: Beberapa orang siswa pintar (Some clever students)

Seorang gadis cantik ( a beautiful girl)

CHAPTER 6
ADVERBS
Adverb of Place
1. In ( di dalam / di )
2. On ( di / diatas )
3. At (di / pada )
4. Above ( diatas )
5. Under ( dibawah )
6. Below ( dibawah )
7. In front ( di depan )
8. Behind (dibelakang )
9. Beside (disamping )
10. Next to (disebelah )
11. Across (disebrang )
12. Apposite (disebelah/bersebrangan)
13. Between (diantara 2 orang/benda)
14. Among (diantara banyak orang/benda)
15. In side (didalam/sebelah dalam)
16. In the middle of (ditengah)
17. In the corner (disudut)
18. Out side (diluar/ sebelah luar)
19. At school ( di sekolah)
20. In the class/classroom (didalam kelas)
21. In the library ( dipustaka)
22. In the canteen (di kantin)
23. In the school yard (dihalaman sekolah)
24. In the laboratory (di labor)
25. At home (di rumah)
26. In the house (di rumah)
27. In the house yard (di halaman rumah)
28. In the room (di kamar)
29. In the bed room (di kamar tidur)
30. In the bath room (dikamar mandi)
31. In the living room (diruang tamu)
32. In the dining room (diruang makan)
33. In the kitchen (didapur)
34. In the hospital (dirumah sakit)
35. In the dispensary (diapotik/klinik)
36. In the field/count (dilapangan)

37. In the office (dikantor)

38. In the post office (dikantor pos)
39. In the bank (dibank)
40. In the shop (di toko)
41. In the sea (dilaut)
42. In the beach/shore/coast (dipantai)
43. In the river (disungai)
44. On the bank of river (ditepian sungai)
45. In the lake (didanau)
46. In the pond (di kolam)
47. In the swimming pool (dikolam renang)
48. N the forest/jungle (dihutan)
49. In the garden (dikebun)
50. In the zoo (di kebun binatang)
51. In the market (dipasar)
52. In the party (dipesta)
53. In the factory (di pabrik)
54. In the mosque (di masjid)
55. In the church (digereja)
56. In the temple (dicandi)
57. In the hotel (dihotel)
58. In the inn (dipenginapan/wisma)
59. In the dorm/dormitory (di asrama)
60. In the heaven/paradise (di sorga)
61. In the hell (dineraka)
62. In the grave (di dalam kuburan)
63. In the cave (di gua)
64. In the restaurant (di rumah makan)
65. In the stall/stand (di kedai)
66. In the sky (diangkasa/langit)
67. In the mountain (diatas gunung)
68. On the hill ( di atas bukit)
69. In the farm (disawah)
70. In the rice field (disawah)
71. In Pekanbaru (di Pekanbaru)
72. In Bangkinang (di Bangkinang)
73. In Korea (di korea)
74. In London (di London)
75. Over there (disebelah sana)
76. In the place (di tempat)
77. In the airport (dibandara)
78. There (disana)
79. Here (disini)
Adverb of Time
1. Every day (setiap hari)
2. Every morning (setiap pagi)
3. Every afternoon (setiap sore)
4. Every night (setiap malam)
5. Every week (setiap minggu)
6. Every month (setiap bulan)

7. Every year (setiap tahun)

8. Every Saturday (setiap sabtu)
9. Every July (setiap bulan Juli)
10. In the morning (dipagi hari)
11.
In the afternoon (di sore hari)
12. In the evening (dipetang hari)
13. In the midnight (di tengah malam)
14. Once day (sekali hari)
15. Twice a week (dua kali seminggu)
16. Three times a month ( tiga kali sebulan)
17. Yesterday (kemaren)
18. The day before yesterday (kemaren lusa)
19. Yesterday morning (pagi kemarin)
20. Last month (bulan yang lalu)
21. Last week (minggu yang lalu)
22. Last Sunday (hari minggu yang lalu)
23. Ago (yang lalu)
24. Two days ago (dua hari yang lalu)
25. Just now (baru saja )
26. This morning (pagi ini)
27. Tomorrow (besok)
Adverb of Time in Future Tense
1. Soon (segera)
2. Later (nanti)
3. This noon (nanti siang)
4. This afternoon (nanti sore)
5. Tonight (nanti malam)
6. Tomorrow (besok)
7. Tomorrow morning (besok pagi)
8. Tomorrow afternoon (besok sore)
9. Tomorrow evening (besok malam)
10. The day after tomorrow (besok lusa)
11. Three days later (tiga hari yang akan datang)
12. Next week (minggu depan)
13. Next month (bulan depan)
14. Next Sunday (hari minggu depan)
15. Next year (tahun depan)
16. Next holiday (liburan yang akan datang)
17. Next time (lain waktu)
18. Etc

Adverb of Frequency
1. Always (selalu)
2. Usually/generally (biasanya)
3. Often/frequently (sering)

4. Sometimes/acconsionally (kadang-kadang)
5. Rarely/seldom (jarang)
6. Ever (pernah)
7. Never (tidak pernah)

SENTENCE (Kalimat)
1. Non Verbal/Nominal
-Present
Subject
I
She, he it/ singular
You, we, they/plural
Ex

Tobe
am
is
are

: I am a student
They are my classmates
That boy is very handsome
-Past
Subject
I, She, he, it/singular
You, we, they/plural

Ex

Tobe
was
were

: They were here last night

Mr Bobby was sick yesterday

CHAPTER 7

DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS

This

These
Singular

That

Example :
o This book is very interesting for us.
o This is new book.
o Those buildings are dirty and dark.

Those

Plural

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

Those are not my cats.

That book is expensive.
That dictionary is mine.
These cats are very hungry.
These are amiris marbles.
Those are new classrooms.
This pen is broken.
That wallet is yours.
Etc

EXISTENCE
Positive
There is/was + ....

There are/were + .....

Example :
o There is a glass of coffee on the table.
o There were many visitors at the museum last month.
o There are some new books in our school library.
o Etc
Negative
There is/was + not + . . . .

There are/were + not + . . . .

Example :
o There was not any one in my home just now.
o There are not student in the classroom at the moment.
o Etc
Interrogative
Is/was + there + . . . . .

are/were + there + . . . .

Example :
o Is there a letter for me in the box ?
o Are there many fruits and vegetables in the refrigerator ?
o Were there some tigers and elephants in the zoo last year ?
o Etc

Time (waktu)
Oclock/Sharp

: Tepat

a quarter/fifteen minutes : 15 menit

a half/30 minutes

: 30 menit

Past

: Lewat

To

: Kurang

Ex : Pukul 05: 55
It is five minutes past six
It is five minutes to six

CHAPTER 8

Questions With To be

a. Yes/No answer (Interrogative)

Tobe + subject +object / complement

Are you sick? No, I am not

Were they here last night? Yes, they were
No, they were not
Is that man your father? Yes, he is
No, he is not

b. Question Words
What
To asking something
What are you? I am student
What type is your handphone? It is Samsung galaxy core

Who
To asking someone (subject).
Who is your English teacher?
Who is that boy
Where
To asking place.
Where were you last night?
Where are your parents?
When
To asking time in period.
When is your birthday?
When is Indonesia independents day
Why
To asking reason or cause
Why are you sad?
Why is your friend angry with you?
How
How tall are you?
How old is your grandma?

Which/Whose noun + tobe+object/complement

Which
To asking choice
Which magazine is yours?
Which pen is good?
Whose
To asking owner or ownership.
Whose cats are under the table?

Questions (With verb tobe : is/am/are/was/were)

Tobe +(subject, there, is, this, that, these, those)
+object/complement

Are you a doctor in this hospital? Yes, I am

Is there any information for my application letter? Yes, there is
CHAPTER 9

Modal Auxiliary

Present (Sekarang)
Can
May
Must
Will

Past (Lampau)
Could
Might
Had to
Would

Shall

Should

Meaning
Dapat, bisa, sanggup
Boleh, mungkin
Harus, mesti
Akan (untuk semua
subject)
Akan (utk subject I & We)

(+) S + Modal + infinitive +o/c

(-) S + Modal + not +infinitive + o/c
(?) Modal + s + infinitive + o/c
-

We will go to jakarta next holiday

You must be carefull
I can not do this test
I could not finish my examination yesterday

Some Expressing With Modal Auxiliary

Can/Could
Can
dapat berfungsi diantaranya:
- Untuk menunjukkan suatu kemampuan (ability) yang berarti dapat
Ex: My father can speak English well
- Untuk menunjukkan suatu kemungkinan (possibility) yang berarti boleh
Ex: You can came to my office if you need something
Could
berfungsi antara lain :
- menunjukkan suatu kemungkinan dimasa lampau past possibility yang berarti
dapat
Ex: When I was in America I could speak English very well

untuk menyatakan suatu permintaan yang sopan (polite request) yang berarti
sudilah
Ex: Could you pick me here later?

Kata must berfungsi untuk :

1. Untuk menyatakan suatu keharusan (necessity) yang berarti harus
Ex: I must go home right now
2. Untuk menyatakan suatu kewajiban (obligation) yang berarti harus
Ex: You must pay the bill
3. Menyatakan suatu larangan (prohibition) yang berarti tidak boleh
Ex: You must not smoke in my room
4. Menyatakan suatu kepastian yang terjadi di masa lampau (must+have+V3) yang berarti
pasti
Ex: You look very tired, you must have work hard
Questions With Modal Auxiliary
Yes/No Answer
Modal + s +verb 1 +o/c

Ex: Will you come to join us later? Yes, I will

May I borrow your pen? Yes, you may
Question Words with Modal Auxiliary
Modal auxiliary + subject + infinitive +o/c

1. What will we do first?

2. What must we bring for camping?
3. Where must we meet tomorrow morning?
4. When will they come to our house?
5. Why must he go in hurry?
6. Whom shall we invite to help us now?
7. How can you operate this computer?
Who + modal A + V1 + o/c

8. Who will finish the jobs?

Which/whose + noun +modal
9. Whose care+subject+infinitive+o/c
will you rent to go Jakarta tomorrow?

10. Which room must the servant clean soon?

CHAPTER 10

Simple Present Tense

(Waktu Sekarang Sederhana)

Simple present tense digunakan untuk:

1. Menjelaskan peristiwa yang terjadi di waktu sekarang dalam bentuk sederhana/dilakukan
berulang-ulang/kebiasaan sehari-hari (habitual actions)
Ex: I usually get up at six oclock every morning
We always have breakfast before going to school
2. Menyatakan kebenaran umum
Ex: The sun rises in the east
A day has 24 hours
Beberapa ciri-ciri kalimat simple present :
Kata kerja yang digunakan adalah kata kerja dasar (infinitive). Namun pada kalimat
positive yang bersubjek (she-he-it/singular/orang ke 3 tunggal) kata kerjanya +S/ES
dengan ketentuan:
Kata kerja yang pada umumnya langsung ditambah S
Ex: Andy works at the Bank
Yuda likes reading magazine
Beberapa kata kerja yang biasanya ditambah ES yaitu kata kerja yang berakhiran huruf : SSH-CH-O-X-Z
Ex: Bless : Blesses
Fetch: Fetches
Watch: Watches
Wash: Washes
Catch: Catches
Brush: Brushes
Pinch:Pinches
Punish:Finishes
Kata kerja yang berakhiran huruf Y yang sebelumnya di dahului oleh huruf konsonan maka
Y diganti dengan I lalu tambah ES
Ex: Bury : Buries
Fly: Flies
Accompany: Accompanies
Study:Studies
Menggunakan kata bantu (auxiliary ) do/does pada kalimat negative dan interrogative :
Ex: 1. I do not remember about that
2.She does not want to live here
Do : I-you-we-they-and plural
Does: She-he-it-and singular
Sering menggunakan kata keterangan frekuensi (adverb of frequency) seperti:
Always (selalu)
Usually/generally (biasanya)
Often/frequently (sering)
Sometimes / accosionally (kadang-kadang)
Rarely/seldom (jarang)

Ever (Pernah)
Never (tidak pernah)
Biasanya diletakkan setelah subject
Menggunakan kata keterangan waktu (adverb of time) seperti:
- Every day
- Every time
- In the morning
- Twice a week etc
Questions In Simple Present Tense
Yes/No
Do/does + S + Infinitive + o/c

Ex: Do you always come late to school?

Does Rina seldom get breakfast before going to school?
Question Word
Who + infinitive (e+es) +o/c

Ex: Who always sweeps the floor?

What
Where
When
Why

+ Do/does + subject+ o/c

Whom

Ex: What do you usually do after school?

Where does your uncle live now?
Whom does he always invite to accompany him?
Which/whose + noun + do/does + s + V1
+ o/c

Ex: Which magazine do you want to borrow from Henry?

Whose car does your father always rent to go travelling?

CHAPTER 11

Have/Has (menpunyai/memiliki)

I-you-we-they-jamak

Have

She-he-it-tunggal

Has

Ex : I have two brothers

She has a big house in Jakarta
(+) S + Have/Has + noun + o/c
(-) S + Does/Do + not + Have + noun + o/c
(?) Do/Does + S + Have + noun + o/c
Have to/Has to (Harus)
(+) S + Have to/Has to + Infinitive/be + o/c
(-) S + Dont/Doesnt + Have to + Infinitive/be + o/c
(?) Do/Does + S + Have to + Infinitive/ be + o/c
Ex: I have to go home right now
Andi has to take his mother to the hospital
CHAPTER 12

Present Continuous Tense

( Sekarang Sedang Berlangsung)

Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kegiatan/pekerjaan/kejadian yang sedang berlangsung

pada waktu berbicara.
Ketentuan dalam membentuk kalimat:
a. Menggunakan jenis to be present (is/am/are)
b. Menggunakan kata kerja yang ditambah ing (present participle yang berarti sedang)
c. Sering menggunakan kata keterangan waktu seperti :
- Now (sekarang)
- At this time (pada saat ini)
- At this moment (pada saat ini)
- Today (hari ini)
d. Pada umumnya kata kerja dalam present continuous langsung ditambah ING

e. Apabila kata kerja tersebut bersuku kata satu yang berakhiran huruf konsonan dan di
dahului oleh sebuah huruf vocal, maka huruf terakhir kata kerja tersebut digandakan lalu
ditambah ING
Ex: Run-running
Swim-swimming
Sit-sitting
Get-getting
Cut-cutting
Beg-begging
f. Bila kata yang bersuku kata 2 yang tekanannya jatuh pada suku kata terakhir maka huruf
terakhir tsb digandakan lalu ditambah ING
Ex: Control-controlling
Allot-allotting
Submit-submitting
g. Bila kata kerja bersuku kata 2 yang berakhiran ( e ) yang didahului oleh huruf konsonan
maka ( e ) tersebut hilang lalu ditambah ING
Ex: Come-coming
Take-taking
Make-making
h. Bila kata kerja tersebut berakhiran dengan huruf ( l ) yang didahului oleh lebih dari satu
huruf vocal maka langsung ditambah ING
Ex: Sail-sailing
Steal-stealing
Tidak semua kata kerja bisa digunakan pada present continuous (ditambah ING)
diantaranya:
Kata kerja yang berhubungan dengan perasaan/emosi (verb of emotion)
Ex :Feel (merasakan)
Like (menyukai)
Desire (mengagumi)
Hurt (menyakiti)
Kata kerja yang berhubungan dengan pikiran/pendapat (Verb of opinion)
Ex: Believe
Understand
Trust
Remind
Kata kerja yang berhubungan dengan panca indera (Verb of sience)
Ex: See
Hear
Smell
Taste

Questions In Present Continuos Tense

a. Yes/No Answer

Tobe + S + Ving + o/c

Ex: Are you looking for anything here?

b. Question Words
Who + tobe + Ving + o/c
What
Where
How

+ Tobe + s+ Ving + o/c

Whom
Which
Whose

+ noun + tobe + s + Ving + o/c

Ex: Who is knocking at the door?

Whom is Herman calling by phone? Etc
CHAPTER 13

Present Perfect Tense

(Waktu sekarang sempurna)

Menunjukkan kegiatan, kejadian, peristiwa yang sudah terjadi pada waktu sebelumnya dan yang
sudah selesai pada saat pembicaraab (waktunya tidak jelas ditentukan)
Structure :
(+) S + Have/has + Verb 3/been + O/C
(-) S + Havent/hasnt + Verb 3/been + O/C
(?) Have/has + S + Verb 3/been + O/C
Example :
o
o
o
o
o
o

We have already eaten lunch.

Zikra has ever gone to Bali twice.
Have you finished your home work ?
They havent arrived here yet.
She has been since Monday.
Etc.
Questions in Perpect Tense

Yes/No Answer

Have/has + S + Verb 3/been + O/C

Example :
o Have you ever gone to Irian Jaya ?
- Yes, I have
- No, I havent
o Has Diana finished her home work ?
- Yes, she has
- No, she hasnt
o Etc.
Questions Words
Structure :
Who + have/has + Verb 3 + O/C

What
Where
Have/has + S + Verb 3 + O/C
How
Whom

Which
Noun + have/has + S + Verb 3 +O/C
Whose

Example :
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

Who has moved the table ?

What have you done here ?
Where has that new neighbour moved to ?
Whom have they cheated on the case ?
Which magazine have you ever read before ?
Whose money has Amin stolen ?
Etc.

CHAPTER 14

PAST TENSE
Structure :
(+) S + Verb 2 + O/C
(-) S + Did not + Infinitive + O/C
(?) Did + S + Infintive + O/C
Example :
o They came to visit me in the hospital yesterday.
o I did not attend the meeting this morning.
o Did you invite us to meet you here just now ?
Questions in Past Tense
Yes/No Answer
Did + Subject + Infinitive + Object/comp.
Example :
o Did the postman deliver the letter in your house yesterday ?
o Did you only spend your holiday in home last year ?
o Etc.

Questions words
Who + Verb 2 + Object/Complement
Example :
o
o
o
o

Who opened this window last night ?

Who bought this book yesterday ?
Who paid my school fee this morning ?
Etc.
What
Where
When
Did + Subject + Infinitive + O/C
Why

Whom
How

Which
Noun + Did + Subject + Infinitive + O/C
Whose
Example :
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

What did you keep in your bag just now ?

Where did the driver fix his car yesterday ?
Why did she return the goods to the shop ?
Whom did udin ask to clean that room this morning ?
How did they go to Puncak last week ?
Which rooms did the room boy clean just now ?
Whose pen did you borrow fill the form ?
Etc.

CHAPTER 15
FUTURE TENSE
Will / Shall

Structure :
(+) S + Will/Shall + Infinitive + O/C
(-) S + Will/Shall + Not + Verb 1 + O/C
(?) Will/Shall + S + Verb 1 + O/C
Example :
o We shall visit the head master in the hosptal tomorrow.
o He will invite all classmates to his birthday party.
o Etc.
To be going to (is, am, are )
Structure :
(+) S + To be + going to + infinitive + O/C
(-) S + To be + Not + going to + infinitive + O/C
(?) To bo + S + going to + infinitive + O/C
Example :
o
o
o
o

My father is going to transfer the money to my brother in the bank.

Im not going to leave you alone here.
Are they going to leave for Korea by plane ?
Etc.

Plan
Example :
o I plan to go makkah in 2015.
o My father plans to buy a new car next year.
o Etc.
Questions in Future Tense
Yes/No Answer
Shall/Will + S + Infinitive + O/C
To be + S + going to + inf + O/C
Example :
o Will you continue your study at Al-Azhar Univercity next year ?
o Are they going to back home tonight ?
o Etc.

Questions Words
Structure :
Who + to be + going to + infinitive + O/C
Who + will/shall + infinitive + O/C

What
Where
When

will/shall + S + infinitive + O/Comp.

Why

to be + S + going to + Inf + O/C

Whom
How

Which

Will/shall + S + infinitive + O/Comp.

Noun +

Whose

To be + S + going to + inf + O/C

Example :
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

Who is going to take care of you there ?

Who will deliver me to the air port ?
What will you do first ?
Where are they going to go next holiday ?
When will your father leave for Bandung ?
Whom will the police interrogative in the case ?
How is she going to bring the goods ?
Which room will the room boy show to the guest ?
Whose photograph will you hang on the wall ?
Etc.
Present Perfect Continuos Tense
(+) S + Have/Has + been + V ing + o/c
(-) S +Have/Has + not +V ing + o/c
(?) Have/Has + S + been + V ing + o/c