Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
.-
American ~heii
Volume
December,
21, No. 12
articles
EDITOR-IN-CHIEF
Dr. Madalyn Murray O'Hair
17
24
Joseph
MANAGING EDITOR
Jon Garth Murray
Robert
ASSISTANT EDITOR
G. Richard Bozarth
features
Editorial
READING EDITOR
Barry Cashman
Atheist
STAFF
Bill Baird
Angeline Bennett
Wells Culver
Conrad Goeringer
Connie Perozino
Ignatz Sahula-Dycke
Elaine Stansfield
Gerald Tholen
Morals
38
NON-RESIDENTIAL
The American
Atheist
indexed in:
MONTHLY PERIODICAL
1979
is
News
Atheists
Confront
Roots of Atheism
The Pope
- Joseph
.4
McCabe, Part 3
18
Columnists
Angeline
Bennett
Gerald Tholen
- It Could Be Verse
Ignatz Sahula-Dycke
G:"Richard
American
Madalyn
Bozarth
Atheist
16
27
29
35
Radio Series
:"31
Season
Poems
34
39
in the Roman
40
our cover
PICKETING
3, 1979
GREETINGS OF
Solstice
WINTER SOLSTICE
December,
Austin, Texas
1979
Page 1
Editorial
Jon G. Morra
AND
Page 2
December, 1979
American Atheist
December, 1979
Austin, Texas
Dear Madalyn,
If P. T. Barnum were alive today,
he no doubt would say:
"There's a sucker born-again every
minute."
Charles R. Sheasley
Pennsylvania
Dear Editor,
Among some religionists the question often comes up: "Is god a he, she,
or it?"
Answer: She-It.
Milan Rafayko
Kentucky
Page 3
NEWS
The news is chosen to demonstrate, month after month, the dead reactionary hand of religion. It dictates your habits, sexual conduct, family
size. It censures cinema, theater, television, even education. It dictates life values and lifestyle. Religion is politics and, always, the most authoriarian and reactionary politics. We editorialize our news to emphasize this thesis. Unlike any other magazine or newspaper in the United States,
we are honest enough to admit it.
Page 4
December,
ington Mall. The second case was against the National Park
Service and sought to prohibit that governmental
agency from
permitting the use of such federally owned land for a religious
service.
American
Atheists did not sue in Boston, Massachusetts
because the Boston Commons is owned by the City of Boston,
where the Murray/O'Hair
team does not have legal residence.
In like manner Benjamin Franklin Parkway belongs to Philadelphia and Grant Park to Chicago. The only chance was to
file where federally owned park land was a projected site.
It was found in the legal research necessary for the suit that
the staff attorney
of American Atheists could not appear in
the Washington,
D.C. federal district because of local rules of
the court. Therefore,
it was necessary for Dr. O'Hair and for
Jon Murray, Director of the American Atheist Center, to file
the suits "pro se ," which is simply a Latin term meaning that
they were filed by the persons themselves, without an attorney. It has been useful over the years to file in this manner
since, often, attorneys could not be found who would support
the cause of Atheism by handling a court action for the same.
1979
American
Atheist
Austin,
Texas
December,
19'79
Page 5
News
Washington,
DC Archdiocese
of that church, but he is not in
any sense a delegate to the United States government.
Jimmy
Carter has a "personal representative"
at the Vatican, but this
is not an official governmental
envoy.
The situation becomes muddy, for one office of the State
Department
announced
itself to be the "Office of Ital ian and
Vatican Affairs,"
but when the Director of that office was
personally
reached (his name is Lacy Wright, at telephone
number
[202] 632-2453,
he denied that there was such an
office - something his staff does not know!!).
The State Department
advised that the Pope would not
be given a 21-gun salute and that he was not being met by
State Department
representatives,
as is customary
with heads
of states. The information
given was that he was traveling as a
"private citizen" at his own request.
The New York Archdiocese
made a public statement,
supported
by the Washington,
DC Archdiocese
that the Pope
had requested
that he meet people in public places and on
public lands. It was a direct, premeditated,
affront
to the
Constitution
of the United States, with a full papal awareness
and understanding
of the attempt
to violate, or to scorn, a
founding principle of our nation, the separation
of state and
church.
Page 6
December,
1979
American Atheist
Austin, Texas
December,
'I
1979
Page 7
Atheist Center staff attorney to argue the cases, it was necessary to find a Washington,
D.C. attorney who would lend his
name. The Center contacted
scores of them. A D.C. attorneyfinder organization
was consulted and it called scores of attorneys. No one would represent American Atheists against the
Pope! It finally came down to the need for Dr. O'Hair to go
to D.C. herself to argue her case. Since Jon Murray is a business executive and not an attorney,
there was no one to represent him.
A further word of explanation:
Dr. O'Hair files all of her
cases pro se which simply means "by myself" and since she is
an attorney she briefs and argues them. Someone, who thus represents themselves,
does not need to purchase
a "front"
attorney,
but on the other hand that person can not represent
anyone
else but themselves. Therefore,
Dr. O'Hair could not
represent Jon Murray.
If the Murray/O'Hair
team left for Washington, D.C. before
going to Chicago, this threw an extra burden on the shorthanded Atheist Center. Everyone
in the Center should have
Medals of Honor for the enormous amount of work that was
accomplished
for the suit and the picketing.
v::':
Page 8
December,
1979
American
Atheist
unconstitutional,
particularly
under the Nyquist tripartite
test.
On October 1st, the case was heard in Washington, D.C. In
that impressive court there were two very long (14 tt.) tables
for legal counsel. On the one side sat a dozen lawyers representing the Federal Park Service, the City of Washington,
D.C., the Washington
Archdiocese
of the Roman Catholic
church, the Pope, and A.C.L.U. The attorneys for Americans
United had delivered the written argument - against Atheists
and in favor of the Pope - directly to the judge without notifying the Atheist Center that it had done so.
At the other table, on one end of it, sat Paul Funderburk,
representing
Jon Murray who also was at the table, Madalyn
O'Hair and Joel D. Joseph, a young attorney from Washinqton,
D.C., who had agreed to act as the liaison attorney so that Paul
could 'argue for Jon. He was an observer, after he had introduced Paul to the court, which had been his function there.
The court immediately
insisted that the suit against the
Pope be dismissed. A motion had been made by the Archdiocese of Washington,
D.C., supported
by the American Civil
Liberties Union and it was the first order of business. The issue
was argued, with an Atheist insistence that the Pope was
properly before a United States court of law. However, it was
the judge who was most anxious that the suit against the-Pope
be dismissed - since the "merit" of the cases would "not be
effected"
if "His Holiness" [the judge's wording] was dropped
as a party. He was quite determined that the Pope had nothing
to do with the litigation!! Since the permit to say the mass had
been issued to the Archdiocese
of Washington,
D.C. the
Atheists could not prevail. The Pope could and should have
remained
a party litigant, but it was apparent
that as the
"Vicar of Christ on Earth" it was important to all the Atheist
opponents
that Karol Wojtyla, alias John Paul II, a.k.a. the
Pope of Rome, be free from any legal jurisdiction on earth.
News
emphasized
and reviewed in one Supreme Court case and we
were [and still are] confident that our suits would be successful since the Pope's use of the Washington
Mall to deliver a
Roman Catholic, sacrificial,
communion,
mass was so completely in violation of all such tests.
The tripartite
test for determining
violations of the so-called "establishment"
clause of the First Amendment,
found best
reviewed in the case of Committee for Public Education v. Nyquist, 413 U.S. 756, 37 L.Ed.2d 948, 93 S.Ct. 2955 [1973J
is as follows:
a statute (law, rule, requlation,
practice, custom):
(1) must reflect a "clearly secular" purpose;
(2) have a primary effect which neither advances nor inhibits religion; and
(3) avoid excessive governmental
entanglement
with religion.
The Pope's saying of a Roman Catholic mass on the Washington Mall, on a $400,000
canopied altar built only for the
occasion, involving a cost of $2,500,000
to the city of District
of Columbia and a cost of $200,000
to the Federal Park Service, consuming
planning time of both city and federaloffi-
During the years from 1941 forward, the United States Supreme Court has very carefully, deliberately,
drawn up guidelines and tests as to what is or is not constitutional
or unconstitutional
in respect to the "establishment"
or the "free exercise" of religion protected
by the First Amendment
to the
Constitution
of the United States. These have lately been re-
Austin, Texas
December,
1979
Page 9
News
needing to' file a suit such as this against both religion and government - in a nation which is premised on the proposition of
state/church separation.
As it was obvious that the line of attack was to be through
the "free speech" protections
which we have rather - significantly - than through the "free exercise" of religion protections, in the oral argument
to the court, Dr. O'Hair emphasized that neither Atheists, nor any other state/church
separation purists, would object to the Pope giving a secular speech
on the mall. It was clearly placed before the court that the objection was to an apparent government sponsorship of religion
and the actual mass on the Mall, with all of the government
arrangements
therefore that were objectionable.
We agreed: the Pope had the right to walk in the Mall and
to .rnumble his prayers to himself there. What was unconstitutional was that the United States government gave a permit for
the construction
of a canopied
altar, the erection of sacrament stations to pass out a possible 1 million communion
wafers, with wine [which were, by some Roman Catholic
magic to turn to the flesh and blood of Jesus Christ even as the
Pope mumbled over them],
building of a $50,000~nce
for
j\
cials (meeting three to four times a week) for six weeks, was
hardly a case of no "entanglement."
The primary purpose of
the entire mass was to advance not only religion, but the Roman Catholic religion in particular.
In addition,
no "clearly
secular" purpose could ever be seen in this peculiar use of the
Mall for a high religious ceremony.
There was no interest, on the part of the attorneys for the
Pope and the government,
in arguing concerned
with this
being an "establishment"
of religion. They all damned well
knew that it was. Therefore another legal tactic was taken:
(1) the Pope has the right of "free access" to any public
lands, and
(2) the Pope has the right to "freedom of speech" without
the content of the speech being censored;
therefore,
the Pope has the right to say a sacramental,
communal Roman Catholic Mass on federally owned property and
it is right for the state to aid him in this, as in the present situation.
\~tltJH\"~'S
\<\fi\f"t
<lEAtIiNW
CS')
RtilAH:
,,,>iWERSTITlU!I$
SA C If! FI CI:
Page 10
December,
1979
American Atheist
Austin, Texas
December,
1979
Page 11
simply were not that many there. Trains were not full. The
stations
were not crowded,
only handsful
of persons were
here and there scattered
on the streets. Everywhere
police
cars were being used as taxi service for various officials of
the Roman Catholic church, usually in drag (long dresses).
On every lamp post a Vatican flag flew - the cost must have
been enormous for these expensive decorations.
The anticipated
crowd did not turn out. Since we had a
problem of security and being in touch with the mayor's office
for the same we found that the police and firemen had been
called in from outlying suburbia to handle the crowds and that
there was much concern that the incident of crime would
increase in those areas when it was known that the police and
firemen had been diverted to the Loop.
Mayor Byrne is quite concerned
that Chicago should not
again have the reputation
which it had under Mayor Daly and especially the renown which had come from the Democratic Convention
in that city during his regime. Therefore,]
after some negotiating
difficulties with the Chicago police, the
mayor's office had intervened and ordered the utmost cooper-:
ation with the picketing. That mattered.
Generally speaking,
the police were cooperative,
courteous
and considerate.
The
mayor had given approval for the picketing to be done on
Page 12
December,
-r
1979
American
Atheist
''T0T''OW''
show with
J",;"
No Sexist Pope
Pope Should Resign and Denounce Religion
Pope Should Sell His Riches and Give to The Poor
State and Church - Keep Them Separate
Jesus Christ - Super Fraud
The Only Thing The Pope Needs Is A Woman
Religion is The Problem - Not The Solution
The Mass is a Con Game
Belief Misleads
Poor Need Pope's Money
Divorce Is A Human Right
Birth Control Is A Human Right
Religion Is The Problem - Not The Answer
Pope Should Resign and Try Poverty Himself
God Beliefs Are Fantasies
Christ Never Lived
God Never Answered Any Prayer
America's Atheists
'Abortion Is A Woman's Right
Tax All Churches' Businesses, Stocks, Bonds
Ignorance + Fear = Religion
Creeds Mislead
The Pope Is Full of Papal Bull
Racism - Chauvinism -- In The Name of Christ
Bar The Pope's Sexism
Austin, Texas
December, 1979
Page 13
NeWTs
if%lil
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Page 14
.:.:,
December,
1979
American
Atheist
It was immediately
agreed that an appeal should be taken
to the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit.
Joel Joseph was contacted and agreed to handle an immediate appeal. Within twenty-four
hours it was filed
in the court, asking for a review of the lower court decision.
The three-judge
appellate court handed down its opinion on
5th October. This decision took another tack. It held, along
with the oral argument of the Roman Catholic church, that
the Pope had the right to access of public land. And, he also
had the right to freedom of speech. Putting these two together
the court held that he had the right to utilize the Mall for a
mass. An analogy is important:
since all legislative halls are
publicly owned, all schools are publicly owned, stations are
publicly owned, hospitals
are publicly owned - this means
that the government
must accommodate
any priest who wants
to use those facilities at any time to have masses held therein.
One of the arguments
of the appellate court was that the
"content"
of an utterance
could not be censored and so the
Pope was free to say a mass. This is in absolute direct contradiction to the U.S. Supreme Court's holding in Murray v. Curlett, the famous school prayer case. In that case, the prayer
was forbidden simply because it was a prayer - i.e., a religious
exercise. In this case, the prayer was approved because it was a
prayer - i.e , a religious exercise, and one cannot have "content" of an utterance
censored! Some of the language in the
decision was chilling:
"To the Framers, the Establishment
Clause and the Free
Exercise Clause were supplemental
and cornpati ble means
i to the real ization of the goal of religious freedom. "
,There is no recognition
given that anyone can have a goal of
freedom from religion.
The conclusion
of this curious and twisted logic of the
court was revealed in its closing sentences:
"The principles
of the First Amendment
support
such
neutral use of a public park. To strike down a regulation rooted in neutrality
so as to deny access to the Pope for a massIcum-sermon
would thwart First Amendment
values communication and religious freedom. The Establishment
Clause is not
an abstraction
in logic. It permits an accommodation
in furtherance of the spirit and purpose of the First Amendment.
The motion for an injunction pending appeal is denied.
"So orde red."
NeWTs
~
the cases ask that the action of the Federal Park Service and
the Pope both be declared post hoc to be unconstitutional.
The legal fight costs money. Every Atheist reading this article is asked to send $10.00 as a contribution
to the legal fund
so that the Washington,
D.C. law firm can be paid in this continuing action. Make the check, or money order pavableto:
Legal Fund - Mass on the Mall suit
American Atheist Center
P.O.Box2117
Austin, Texas, 78768
If you were not a part of the action in Washington,
D. C. or
in Chicago, Illinois, you owe it to those who were, to put your
checkbook where they put their bodies - on the line.
Send that $10.00 contribution
NOW before you go on to
read the next article!
.-
Austin, Texas
December,
1979
Page 15
NeWTS
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Christianity
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Gerald Tholel1l
Page 16
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gnawed at my TV set
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PAPA'S VISIT
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December,
1979
American
Atheist
By ROY P. LINGLE
(Reprint
from Princeton
December, 1979
Austin, Texas
!I
Page 17
Ro ts------of theism.
Joseph.
McCabe
Part 3
[Unless otherwise indicated, all quotes are from Joseph
McCabe's Twelve Years in a Monastery and 80 Years a Rebel.]
In the year 1895 Joseph McCabe had reached the point
Secession,
like any great change in a person's established
in his priestly career when it was time to make the hard delife, was a painful decision for any priest to make because it
cision about whether or not to continue that career. He was
usually came after the priest "has formed definite habits of
unhappy with much about the Roman church due to the in- thought
and of life and innumerable
attachments
whose
credible hypocrisy that permeated
it from the pope's throne
breaking off is accompanied
with a pain akin to the physical
down to the humblest novitiate to the most obscure order of
pain of dislocation
and the wrenching asunder of nerves and
monks. But all priests knew this. Why did McCabe secede
fi bres. For in the Church of Rome, at least, secession means
when most, like his good friend and confessor Father David,
farewell to the past - farewell to whatever honor, whatever
managed to live with the hypocrisy?
It was that in trying to
esteem and affection may have been gained by a life of indusunderstand the hypocrisy of the church, he came to question
try and merit."
the religion it represented.
The decision to finally go was helped a bit when he took
into his confidence
a Catholic woman he had considered
a
The real deciding factor that drove McCabe out of the
friend. She became incensed at his refusal to be persuaded
church were his doubts about dogma and god's existence.
by her arguments for his remaining in the priesthood,
and punThese were not uncommon
in the priesthood,
but though
ished him, or so she thought,
by telling all to his;~uperiors.
"doubts do enter into the clergy .....
What time has the ordiThey dispatched
Father David, who was now cold and hostile
nary priest to make a sincere and protracted
study of his
to the man he had been friends with for years, to discharge
opinions?
....
The fact that the actual seceders had special
McCabe as rector of St. Bernardine and to order him to go into
opportunity
and a well-known
tendency
for study issignifiexile at a friary in a remote locality. McCable refused to, precant."
ferring to start his new career in a place where he had sympaMcCabe was such a priest possessed of both opportunity
and tendency
for study. He did not study Atheists like Niethetic friends.
tzsche and Meslier, nor Deists like Voltaire and Jefferson, nor
On 19 February,
1886, Joseph McCabe packed up his few
Agnostics like Hume and Huxley; he studied no anti-Christian
possessions
(a telescope,
microscope,
and some books) and
scholars and philosophers
at all. He studied the great theowalked away from the darkness and chains of religion to begin
logians like Augustine,
Aquinas,
Scotus,
Vasquez,
Herinx,
a new life in the bright light andfreedom
of Atheism.
and others. This was supposed to be the surest way to restore
One of the obstacles to secession was that the ex-priest
his faith, for the Roman church persistently
taught "that
finds himself out of employment,
with few marketable
skills.
their claims only needed to be studied to be admitted."
Outside the Roman church there is little use for priestly skills.
It did not work, which would surprise no Atheist then or . This intimidation
kept many in the church, and was no small
now, and the great moment was reached at Christmas, 1895.
consideration
to McCabe. One of his Buckingham
friends was
"I shut myself in my cell and faced my destiny .....
1 took a
a businessman,
who, after McCabe had discussed his desire to
sheet of paper and - was it the Manchester influence? - disecede, offered him a job as a junior cashier if he did leave the
vided it into debit and credit columns on the arguments for
priesthood.
It made the decision easier.
god and immortality.
On Christmas Eve I wrote 'Bankrupt'
The Roman church had another,
also highly effective,
at the foot."
means to intimidate
priests contemplating
secession.
It was
Still he allowed a few more weeks for the god he no longer
the knowledge
that the church would immediately
begin a
believed in to miraculously
intervene. He also talked his probcampaign to discredit the character of the man and thoroughly
lems over with several non-Catholics
in Buckingham
he had
ruin his reputation.
The church could not bear to admit that
formed friendships with. Most urged him to quit the church,
a priest would quit as the result from an honest, sincere, wellbut still it was not an easy decision.
reasoned change of convictions.
The ecclesiastical
policy was
Page 18
December, 1979
American Atheist
with several thousand allover the world, for this was the era
when people attended
lectures for entertainment
like they
now attend movies. (Significantly,
McCabe never expressed a
regret that motion pictures cut down the public's demand for
lectu res.)
,
McCabe's literary triumphs
still lay in. the future. Meanwhile, his money was vanishing. He sought work. He had a
chance to earn money as a tutor in private schools, but only
if he pretended to be Protestant.
Hypocrisy not being one of.
McCabe's defects, he refused. Another job opportunity
was
$15 a week proofreading
Latin, French and German school
books. When he understood
how much work the printer expected for his $15, he passed up this chance, to be exploited
criminally (no doubt another brick in the socialist economic
philosophy he was to champion all his life).
When he was really near to hitting bottom, he answered an
advertisement
and was hired to be the private secretary of the
Austin, Texas
December,
1979
Page 19
the chance of error. H.G. Wells was a successful "world historian," and so was McCabe. A smaller scope would have been
too petty for him.
His interest in history had begun at the monastic college
where he had taught "ecclesiastical
history"
as well as scho'Iastic theology. He saw "the monstrous falsity of the Catholic
version" of history and his Peter Abelard and another similar
work, St. Augustine and His Age, were his beginning attempts
"to write the true version." This was the spirit with which he
wrote history for all his life.
In Liecester he met and married the 18-year-old daughter
of a hosiery worker. In 1900 he took his bride back to London, determined
to pursue his literary career and now strong
enough not to become a victim of stardom. Abelard and Augustine impressed Stephen and everyone else, but all their
encouragements
to follow this literary path did not pay bills.
He was living sparingly in three rooms in a cheap district and
he knew his wife would eventually become a mother as a result
of their copulation.
He became a writer and lecturer for both
the Ethical Movement and Rationalist
Movement because it
offered a steady income. He felt this was "entirely congenial"
work.
Though in the end only a fourth of the 200-plus books he
wrote and maybe a tenth of the 3,000 to 4,000 lectures he
gave were about the Roman church, in the beginning he knew
little else with any degree of thoroughness.
Twelve Years was
selling well (but not making money for McCabe!), and an anticlerical sentiment
was raging, flaming interest in the Roman
priesthood.
Fortunately
for McCabe, the one subject he was
an undisputed expert on was in hot demand.
McCabe became at this time one of the original directors
when George Jacob Holyoake founded the Rationalist Association and became its chairman.
He thus began a relationship
that really did little for him but bring hardship and aggravation
into his life. Early on he became disillusioned with the people
he met in the Association and other anti-clerical movements.
He found them as petty, as backstabbing,
as power-grubbing
as
the priests he had known. He also discovered they wanted to.
'be known as anything but an Atheist, and McCabe refused to
be known as anything other than an Atheist.
For instance,
Ramsay MacDonald,
the Socialist who became Premier, was McCabe's friend until he saw he had a
chance for political success, then he wanted no taint of Atheism to cost him votes. Not only did he cast McCabe out as a
friend, he prevented the Socialist Party from making McCabe
one of its parliamentary
candidates. He feared McCabe's Atheism would reflect badly on his party as well, and thus the
churches triumphed over English Socialism.
McCabe, never an idealist about human nature, had the admirable virtue of being able to never let dislikes turn into
hatreds. He did not even hate the Roman church; he merely
despised it with total contempt.
Hatred might have led him on
to a ranting, emotional
assault the church could have easily
turned against him. He always treated religion with scornfully
precise logic and tauntingly
exact facts - before which both
the mightiest "intellects"
of the Roman church, or any other
church, were powerless.
While the Rationalists
squabbled,
McCabe went on with
his life. In 1902 he gained fame throughout
the Englishspeaking world by offering it a translation
of Ernst Haeckel's
famous Riddle of the Universe. In his autobiography,
he confessed his command of German and knowledge of science had
been inferior to the task, but the" world did not notice. It was
a big bestseller.
Ironically,
McCabe got only fame for the
book - plus the piddling $100 the publisher had paid him for
the translation.
In 1908 McCabe's two-volume
Life and Letters of G. J_
Holyoake was published amid controversy
and hard feelings
Page 20
December,
1979
American
Atheist
,
l
ful.
McCabe made two more trips to Australia and New Zealand, both catastrophes.
The second, in 1913, was screwed up
by a bungling agent and by the Australian churches, which coordinated
an anti-McCabe campaign. The third, in 1923, was
evidently a result of anti-McCabe sentiment
in the Rationalist
Association.
McCabe made the trip when the Association told
him he had been requested
by the Rationalists down under,
but he arrived in Australia to their total surprise. Nevertheless,
they exploited his presence, failed to pay him his lecture fees,
and afterwards sided with the Bradlaughites.
McCabe was often cheated by those who had him come
lecture, yet this never soured his enthusiasm.
McCabe had
taken upon himself the life-purpose of educating the common
person with the truth about history, science, and religion that
the churches sought to suppress. The opportunity
to educate
compensated
in the long run for the cheating he had suffered.
Do not believe that McCabe was scornful of money! MeCabe was a Socialist, but he appreciated
the middle-class lifestyle as only one who had grown up in poverty can. He soon
learned that though "heretical
work" could provide a steady
income, it did not pay well. In pursuit of a higher income, he
worked hard to broaden the scope of his writing and lecturing
career beyond Rationalism.
His natural interest in science and
history pointed the direction of his labor.
Once out of the monastery,
he really got into studying science, and discovered evolution.
"The idea of evolution put a
vertebral column and a spinal cord into what had been my
loose collection
of scientific facts, and I began to organize it
and fill up the deficiencies."
Evolution
became his guiding
idea, his conception
of reality. Evolution of humans was its
central theme - as well as the subject of his most popular
lecture.
As a science-writer,
he had the vision of a science-fiction
author . Dnce in 1925 he predicted in a manual on physics
that in the future people would be able to see who they talked
to on the telephone. The "experts" of the day responded with
a lot of pompous scorn. As a science-lecturer,
he was able to
explain the complexities
of science in language intelligent nonscientists could understand.
He became so popular asa sciencelecturer that even religious groups who knew he was an Atheist
demanded him.
In history he did not feel entitled to the honorable name of
historian, which is too modest. He was definitely not a "modern" historian, for he did not specialize narrowly. History only
had meaning to him as the means to explain the evolution of
civilization, so he took upon himself the history of human existence.
The experts
sneered; they could always mention
some obscure, largely unimportant
fact in their specialty he
did not know. However, they could not discredit his books,
for McCabe was a meticulous
scholar and often he had read
more books in more languages than the experts.
These same sneering experts had almost to a man betrayed
their scholastic integrity out of love for or fear of organized
religion. Their histories, so jammed with exact, piddling, details, always became inaccurate in those facts that would harm
religion. Not so McCabe's histories! He proudly clairned tto
"unearthed
large numbers
of facts that modern historians
ought to and do not take into account."
These facts were
those the churches wished to keep their sheep ignorant of. He
believed "the entire history of Europe ought to be rewritten
with a strict regard to the historical facts," and did his best to
do it himself.
His main th.emes were that any advance in civilization
always comes in an age when skepticism
is flourishing,
and
that religion is not necessary to the maintenance
of civiliza
tion.
Ironically,
McCabe's great success outside
the realm of
Austin, Texas
Rationalism
incited bitter jealousy among many Rationalists
who were unable to broaden their scope and were frustrated
that the Association was not providing the-m with the income
they had expected.
Too many had joined the Association
thinking only of the money they believed could be made out
of it - and they envied McCabe for having found a way to
gain the income they lusted after.
When WWI arrived, McCabe did his patriotic duty. First
he volunteered
to help care for the wounded,
as well as entertaining
them with his popular lectures (which must have
aggravated the hospital chaplains). But the government
needed
writers for its propaganda
efforts, and McCabe ended up as
"chief neutral-press
journalist."
He wrote fairy tales - well,
semi-fairy tales - that the Information
Department
bribed
foreign papers to print.
In 1919, England was confronted
with a nearly mutinous
army of homesick men who had had their fill and more of the
ugliest style of warfare ever waged. The War Office arranged
to have lecturers tour the troops to provide' entertainment.
McCabe volunteered
and was accepted - much to the dismay
of the priests who had tried to monopolize
the project. Think
of how infuriated these priests were when they discovered the
troops, who had learned there is no god in the trenches, wanted none of their sermons, but all of McCabe they could get.
He debated as well, but he felt debates had no educational
value because of the emotionalism
of the conflict.
Besides,
debating clergymen was like boxing with infants. He became
so contemptuous
of the abilities of the clergy to actually produce a challenging argument that when he did debate priests,
he did not even honor them by preparing for the contest.
McCabe was back at his regular work after the war. In
1920, his A Biographical Dictionary of Modern Rationalists
was published, and praised by all except George Bernard Shaw.
The great playwright had a petty streak and could not forgive
McCabe for having criticised in 1914 his "Living Menof
Letters Series."
In 1924 he went to Paris to attend the International
Freethought
Congress. He had attended
the 1904 Congress and
had found it a pleasant, stimulating,
atheistic experience he
shared with thousands.
The 1924 Congress was a sad affair
poorly attended.
After the Russian Revolution,
Europe was
in terror of Socialism. The Freethinkers
had joined politically
with the churches to combat Socialism, giving up their open
Atheism
to appease
their strange
bedfellow.
Though
the
December,
1979
Page 21
Page 22
December,
1979
American
Atheist
~.
"
Austin, Texas
December,
1979
Page 23
We are not even going to say that "we have conducted god
to our frontiers, thanking him for his provisional services." His
disservice has been greater than his service. It is time that
scholars, or any writers, grew ashamed of the crude and hypocritical practice of picking out a few saints who were inspired
by the love of god (and the promise of a mighty reward in
heaven) or a minority of refined folk who took their guidance
from religion. It is either stupid or hypocritical to urge upon
us this minority and never glance at the vast majority.
The thesis that these people put before us is that religionis necessary precisely for the great majority, not for the refined or educated or naturally amiable minority. I have shown
that a moral culture (the Stoic, the Epicurean, the Confucian,
or the pure Buddhist), which entirely ignored gods, always
proved at least as effective as any religion that ever existed. I
have minutely, on contemporary evidence, examined the morals of Europe in every age since it became Christian, and I
have shown that the idea that any Christian generation was
morally superior to ours, or nearly equal to ours, is a grotesque
historical absurdity.
I have just read Jeffery Farnol's Beltane the Smith. Farnol
is the best historical novelist of modern times in the sense at
'Page 24
Joseph McCabe
least that he is the most conscientiously historical; and in this
novel he depicts life in the most developed and most esteemed
century of the Middle Ages. It is a bloody mush of coarseness,
misery, violence, and unbridled license. It is a true picture.
And from that day to this the world has slowly and gradually improved, almost in exact proportion to the decay of religion. While Christianity made this stinking mess of Europe,
the essentially godless empire of the Moors in Spain was prov. ing that culture was a real inspiration of honor, justice, and
refinement.
That is the second mortal weakness of this cry that we
need religion. The first is the insincerity of nine-tenths of the
writers and speakers who keep it in the public mind. The
second is that it is mockingly belied by the whole of history.
'I have given a mass of evidence, logically arranged, that the
morals of Europe sank into anarchy when it became Christian,
improved a little under Moorish and Greek influence, but were
still foul when the great decay of religion began in the nineteenth century.
Did you ever know any clerical writer or any religious historian to attempt, in the same scientific and orderly manner,
to survey the general state of morals from the fifth to the
nineteenth century? There is no such book. They dare not
write it. And then they unctuously repeat the parrot cry that
our morality needs the support of religion.
The New White Hope
I have many friends in the new movement which claims
that we need religion, but a religion without any doctrines,
even a belief in god. Some of its oracles, like Professor Felix
Adler, the leader of the Ethical Culture movement, are as
bigoted and narrow-minded as orthodox ministers - significantly, these are Theists - and will never have the least influence on the mass of people. Most of them are men and
women of fine character, more or less broadmirrded (according to their degree of Puritanism), who sincerely think ethical
culture as a religion is vitally necessary. Many Unitarian and
some Congregationalist bodies hold the same position - the
good life for its own sake, without any emphasis on god and large numbers of unattached Agnostics and Theists favor
the movement. It is the new white hope of civilization.
Now religion in this sense is small, but it is going to become
a serious question. The inexorable pressure of culture will in
the course of the twentieth century oust dogmatic Christianity and dogmatic Theism, ana the churches will gradually become Ethical Culture societies, still claiming that they stand
for religion. Priesthoods do not die. They shrink and evolve.
These existing societies will never make much impression on
the world that has already ceased to attend church, but such
societies themselves will increase in number as churches shed
their dogmas and become societies.
The psychology of this kind of religion is in part the same
as that which we found for religion in the ordinary sense. The
momentum of the tradition of churchgoing takes some social
considerations take others, and the activity of organizers or
leaders brings many others. There is also in this world a kind
of vanity of virtue which is, psychologically, just the same as
the vanity which others find in vice or dress or sport. Further
there are numbers who are convinced that it helps them to remain virtuous if they listen to a man talking to them about
December, 1979
American Atheist
virtue for an hour every Sunday and then stand in rows and
sing a hymn about it.
And the answer to this last group, the serious people of the
new religion, is that most of us get no help whatever from that
kind of performance. It rather tends to make us bilious. A
second and more drastic answer is that this new religion has pardon the expression in so august a connection - no kick in
it. It offers less motive than a Christian Church does .....
It has never made up its own mind what is the nature of
moral law, yet it says that moral law is the most important
thing in life. It has not come to any agreement as to the nature
of moral law because, while men like Felix Adler have the fantastic philosophic idea of it, most of their followers know that
moral law detached from a divine will is simply social law, and
therefore the virtue of chastity as such loses its foundation.
The only formula on which these people can agree is, "The
good life for its own sake": which either means that honor
and honesty pay in the world, or that we think them very
pretty in themselves - and that is the very feeblest of all motives that you could offer to people under "temptation."
A Feeble And Unpractical
Thing
Austin, Texas
ditional code of conduct is an indivisible thing of equal authority in every line. Some parts of it 'are clearly disputable, and
the effect of this insistence upon taking it as a whole is that
many people reject it as a whole and get confused.
It is, in fact, an open question whether the time has not
come to drop the word "morality" as well as the word "religion." Its associations are hopelessly sentimental, antiquated,
and antagonizing. It is like the syrupy drinks of our childhood.
I doubt if we shall be more successful in giving the word a
new and palatable meaning than the ultra-Modernists have
been in giving a new meaning to "religion." I should not be
surprised if the scientific committee I have imagined would
not recommend this course. People will be more moral when
they do not know it.
Let us talk plain English. There are a few paradoxical
people who say that it will be just as bad to talk about hon- _
esty, truthfulness, kindliness, generosity, justice, and self-control. Apart from the love of speaking or writing paradoxes,
which is supposed to be an imitation of Nietzsche - it generally reminds one of children trying to talk to each other in
Shakespearean language - these people must mean one of two
things. Either they want to find other people honest, truthful,
just, etc., in their relations with them, or they don't.
Medieval
Nonsense
If they choose the former, they lay down the law: they
recognize that it is desirable that we should all cultivate those
qualities. But if they are determined to be "unprejudiced," as
they would say - there is much vanity and pose in it - and
reply airily that they ask no virtues of others, they obviously
mean that they rely on their cunning or strength or the law to
hold their own. That ends the argument.
We may leave a few young folk the luxury of feeling superior to prejudices in this way. The disease will not spread. Most
of us do not contemplate a social order in which our relations
with each other will be a series of lies and counter-lies, frauds
and counter-frauds, without an atom of mutual respect or attachment. It is not the odor of virtue that attracts us; it is the
stink of disorder that repels us.
The quarrel is one of those verbal and hollow quarrels
which arise in every age that writes and disputes .much. It is
not worth discussing further. I am arguing against the religious
man, not the Nietzschean (or pseudo-Nietzschean). The religious man entirely agrees with me .....
What? Yes, of course you do, my friend. You picture to
yourself this world in which there would be no recognized
standard of conduct but only a battle of cunning and spite and
cupidity, and you shudder with horror. You agree that it is a
social matter. You needn't shudder. Men have too much common sense to drift into such a state of things. We don't want
the good life (in these respects) for its own sake. We want it,
we will have it, and we are getting it in more abundance every
decade, for its value.
That is precisely why you hope to slip in a word for your
antiquated religion. You are offering us crutches. Thank you,
we know the need to get along, but we discover that we have
legs. If a well-ordered society or a manly and reliable character
is so very desirable - you agree, don't you? - why such a
roundabout way of getting it? It is medieval nonsense. This is
a business age.
December, 1979
Page 25
Editorial:
Continued
Not to Entertain
from p. 2
'I
Page 26
December, 1979
American Atheist
NATURES WAY
Gerald Tholen
increased
fear and guilt because the
"king" has spoken out again against
birth control. To all the Catholic followers, I must say - sleep on that for
a while! The hypocrisy
of such a
policy, which is supposedly
observed
by these many hapless individuals,
is
self-evident.
They kissed his ring in
reverence yet knew all the while that
they could never agree with his statements concerning contraception.
The
homosexual
community,
which I am told numbers in the millions, openly damns his views on their
lifestyles. Will any among them dare to
remain
"devoutly
Catholic"
and in
the silence of their own reality, sink
into
a meaningless
existence? When
will their pride demand that they renounce
the now obsolete
stigmas
which are still demanded
by the selfserving egotist?
How long will people, who should
know
better,
repond
to the antiabortion
fantasy
that
sexual intercourse is a "blessed event"? The abnormality. of accepting
the idea that
conception
validates
the immediate
appearance
of a viable human individual is too absurd to argue! What of
the period of
gestation?
Have they
never heard of gestati on? The legal
system of this nation, as religiously
patent as it is, has even conceded that
a human individual is formed through
gestation
and not through
sexual
contact.
Has anyone
ever tried to
claim timber
rights on a sack of
acorns?
Even Colonel Sanders serves
ch icken legs - not eggs! I suppose it
may sound selfish on my part, but I
would like to think that my existence
was a little more important
to the
world than a female ovum which had
unfortunately
been "goosed" by a bit
of male sperm. I KNOW there are
those
unfortunate
"parents
to be"
who have been accidentally
trapped
by pregnancy and wish .to remove this
burden on society before it is too late
- before a child actually
develops!
What hope did John Paul offer the
American woman - the NOW organization? I'm sorry dear ladies, but you
must continue to be satisfied with leftovers. Try again at another time and
Austin, Texas
December,
1979
with another
Pope. Your efforts to
further
human
rights are admirable,
but this is simply not the time or the
place. There can be no compassion for
those whom "god" has put in their
proper place.
As if these areas were not brewed
in enough
ignorance,
what of our
Constitution?
The dirty footprints
of
our legal geniuses, civil authorities,
and
politicians are now added to Wojtyla's
as uncaring
blotches
on the First
Amendment.
That once fine, proud
document
is now tattered
and torn
even more than before. It would seem
that the great American public is more
concerned
with the quality of their
toilet tissue than they are of the parchment that gave them the right to freedom and self-respect.
We are rapidly
becoming just another weak link in the
chain of religiously dominated
nations
that rattle the annoying antics of Iran,
Ireland, Jerusalem, etc.
Soon the turmoi I and furor of
banner waving idol worshippers
will be
quiet. Perhaps others then will reflect
with me on the consequences
suggested by this grand public spectacle
that
was supposed
to- inspire
the
"common
people" to a higher station.
Will we experience that higher station
by feeling
more
guilty
about
our
natural
sexuality?
Will we be more
tolerant
by casting out the rights of
women
or
gays
or
non-religious
countrymen?
Will any among us take
the time to search through the ticker
tape and confetti of circusdom to try
to find that now nearly worthless bit
of paper called the First Amendment
- then, very sadly, try to brush off the
soil of ignorance and return it to its
proper place over the mantles of our
hearts? - I wonder.
Dear friends, the Pope has spoken
- it's your move. The mass demonstration of total sub-intellect
has now
been properly displayed by those who
are willing to blindly follow an inept
ruler even though
their own pitiful
attempts
at rationality
will be squelched. The same style of idolization
was witnessed
by many of us on an
even larger scale as the Fuhrer of Nazi
Continued
on p. 16
Page 27
/'
.. ~.
J!
'/
./
r: -
_I
~~~~f.~~
i$~i'it,.~
Page 28
December, 1979
ON OUR WAY
Ignatz Sahula-Dycke
Austin, Texas
ly believed that churches are places where people go to worship a god. But no matter what the people gathered in church
call themselves: whether Christians, Muslims, Buddhists, or
what not; all go there to be reassured that their churchliness
will keep them marching straight ahead to the gates of immortality in paradise: a lying idea they got from the religion. Religion is full of ideas which, even if we were punctiliously to
follow every one of them, would only play hob with our
normal ideation.
Anyone who examines the various dogmas of Christianityor any other religion - knows that every one of them is like
a hand-me-down garment far from a perfect fit: each one having been stitched together in ancien try by people much less
informed than we and, besides, now long dead. If now alive,
they'd see that the purposes for which their religion was devised no longer exist, and how badly outdated the religion now
is.
Although this sounds as though I'm trying to update something as useless as religion, I'm only showing that today's
theologian is an automaton who no longer thinks, but goes
strictly by the book peddling the same old buncombe. He still
tells us he was ordained by a deity to reveal the "grace" in his
religion's tenets. But those of us who've impassively examined
his dogmas can't help but see that he, due to his prejudice,
actually knows far less about them than we do.
Thus the humanity of today, provided that some debacle
will awaken it from it's trance into thought, will discover that,
to live contentedly and happily, its own conscience - not religious instruction - is the best guide and that, at least for the
time being, in our self-determined behavior rests the compensation for life's perplexities. Perhaps this only points out how
little we know of all now still unknown about tlie riddle of existence.
But we do know that so long as life exists, there can be no
final answers to the riddle; and that no matter how miserable
our existence, we can identify its cause and correct it - if only
of a mind that's been set free. There'll always be much in life
that makes people cooperative. It spices life.
Ideational Rapport
When someone does what we dislike, and another one
pleases us, we call the first one wrong and the other one right.
Are we just in this? Our next door neighbor sees it the other
way, approving the actions of the first and disapproving of the
other. In any case, our differing reactions arise within us from
the interplay of the billions of cells and nerves of which our
bodies are constituted. We feel first rate when everything
within us works in harmony.
In much the way the cells work in harmony within us, we
individuals affect one another - as in families, communities,
and nations - when in ideational rapport with all minds on a
common goal. Call it empathy, gregariousness, or whatever
you please, mutuality is a characteristic of our species, an inborn human trait - and free ideation its cohering medium.
lll-advised beliefs - such as those of religion- often cause
our bodies to malfunction and, as recognized by psychiatrists,
can lead to serious psychoses, to disoriented comportment,
December, 1979
Page 29
Mind-Killins Routine
We won't come to grips with problems of this nature until
we will acknowledge the fact staring in our face that their
chief cause is our traditional Christian training. The Christians
train their unsuspecting young to believe that god commands
man to copulate and multiply, and that misery has been loosed
upon the world so that patient sufferers of it may that way
earn a place in the god's heaven. What a bonanza for the other
good (and smarter) Christians to exploit!'
Has any mind, even if by the merest of chances, ever devised a system more injurious to free ideation than that? Can
anything so stupid and so arrogant be described as holy? Can
those who call it holy justify it? Or death-bed penitence make
up for it? We see its victims all around us; all of them strapped
and bound by the outlook for which this devious religious
training has conceived.
Who really loosed this stupendously criminal, mind-killing
routine on the world? Should anyone venture to reply, let him
next answer why anyone would do so except in furtherance
of selfishness, and in desire for psychic control over his fellows. To this day the virus of the religions has been turning
potentially sprightly people into dull slaves ready to obey any
given order without asking if right or wrong. Look at Ireland,
Lebanon, Israel, Iran, and others. How many of them would
you call sane? All are victims of religion's profanation of
ideation. Should we emulate them? Hospitals are jammed
with psychically aberrated minds that revered religious commands.
In this impasse, should any American disgusted with such
imbecilities be blamed for embracing American Atheism? Are
those who would kill free ideation to lead us? Should now a
god dreamed up by a weak-kneed Roman emperor in Asia
Minor two thousand years ago be preferred in our US to the
wisdom of this nation's Founding Fathers?
Page 30
December, 1979
American Atheist
Murray
O'Hair
Solstice Seasofl
In 1968, the first year of broadcasting for the American
Atheist Radio Series, we sent out, all over the United States,
copies of what we called "The Solstice Season" program. We
printed it in our literature and distributed it in a small broadside.
When The American Atheist magazine was issued later
(we could not afford to publish it in 1968), we reprinted the
article as the featured radio program script in December. Since
then, for a number of years it has been repeated yearly in the
magazine.
We are happy to do so again this year. We hope that our
new subscribers will come to love it as much as have our old
subscribers and the listeners who have requested a repeat of
it in our American Atheist Radio Series.
Program 30 ....
KTBC ....
Austin, TX
******************************************
Hello there,
This is Madalyn Murray O'Hair, American Atheist, back to
talk with you again.
Someone stole something from me. I don't like it. What
was stolen from me - and from you - was one of the most
beautiful holidays in the world. Robert G. Ingersoll (an
American Atheist hero of earlier days) was also angry about
this theft. Let me read to you what he had to say about it.
He wrote a very famous "Christmas Sermon." It was printed
in the Evening Telegram newspaper, New York City, New
York, on 19 December,1891. The ministers of the day attacked
the newspaper and demanded a boycott of it. The Telegram
accepted the challenge and set off an issue across the country.
The paper printed the Rev. Dr. J. M. Buckley's attack, and
Robert Ingersoll's answer. It developed into a real donnybrook.
Let's hear what Ingersoll had to say.
"The good part of Christmas is not always Christian, it
is generally Pagan; that is to say, human and natural.
"Christianity did not come with tidings of great joy, but
with a message of eternal grief. It came with the threat of everlasting torture on its lips. It meant war on earth and perdition
thereafter.
"It taught some good things, the beauty of love and kindness in man. But as a torch-bearer, as a bringer of joy, it has
been a failure. It has given infinite consequences to the acts of
finite beings, crushing the soul with a responsibility too great
for mortals to bear. It has billed the future with fear and flame,
and made god the keeper of an eternal penitentiary, destined
to be the home of nearly all the sons of men. Not satisfied
with that, it has deprived god of the pardoning power.
"And yet it may have done some good by borrowing from
the Pagan world the old festival we know as Christmas.
.
Austin, Texas
"Long before Christ was born, the sun god triumphed over
the Powers of Darkness. About the time that we call Christmas
the days began perceptibly to lengthen. Our barbarian ancestors
were worshippers of the sun, and they celebrated his victory
over the hosts of night. Such a festival was natural and beautiful. The most natural of all religions is the worship of the sun.
Christianity adopted this festival. It borrowed from the Pagans
the best it has.
"I believe in Christmas and in every day that has been set
apart for joy. We in America have too much work and not
enough play. We are too much like the English.
"I think it was Heinrich Heine who said that he thought
a blaspheming Frenchman was a more pleasing object to god
than a praying Englishman. We take our joys too sadly. I am
in favor of all the good free days, the more the better.
"Christmas is a good day to forgive and forget, a good day
to throwaway prejudices and hatreds, a good day to fill your
heart and your house, and the hearts and houses of others
with sunshine. "
Would you believe that such a warm Christmas sermon
could cause religious people to launch a vicious attack on a
newspaper for publishing it? Ingersoll used the word "borrow."
He said that Christians borrowed the Pagan holiday. I use a
stronger word. They stole it. They stole the most beautiful
holiday of man - and for what?
.They claim that this is the birthday of Jesus Christ. Let's
look at their scholars, and their history, and see if this is a
fact. You most probably all know of A.T. Robertson, the late
professor of New Testament Greek at the Southern Baptist
Theological Seminary in Louisville, Kentucky. He had written
a standard textbook on the so-called Broadus Harmony of the
Gospels and it is used in every school of religion across the
land. In this book is summarized all the findings of religious
scholarship in relationship to Jesus Christ and, among other
things, the date of his birth. .
After a lengthy exploration of when Jesus Christ may
have been born, Dr. Robertson sets the date at - hold on now
- the summer or early fall of the year 6 or 5 B.C. Did you
hear that? He set the date in the SUmmer or the fall. Recently,
the idea of the first week of January has gained some following.
But no one who is a religious scholar anymore accepts or believes 25 December as the birth date of Christ.
One must calculate from the possible death of Herod, or
the appearance of the so-called star in the East, which could
have been a comet recorded by the Chinese or a conjunction
of the planets Jupiter and Saturn. But the Greenwich Observatory says that the conjunction appearing as a single star was
very unlikely. Or one can judge the "time of universal peace,"
that is the "time of no war" about which the heavenly host
sang. But there was never any stoppage of war in that time.
One can guess from the so-called ministry of John the
Baptist, or the age of Jesus upon his ('nt .. into the ministry,
December, 1979
Page 31
ance that all the greens would return in their seasons. The
light of the sun and the twinkling light of stars became important in symbolism as well as in fact.
The mysterious parasite, mistletoe, ever green, intrigued
primitive peoples. It all needed to be celebrated, to be noted
with awe. If one could not give life as the sun did - one could
give else, such as a sharing of food or the precious few personal
items they had. But, above all it was a time for revelry. Life
had been renewed. It was the most joyous of all human occasions. There were universal singing and dancing and laughing and well being. It was wild and wonderful and human and
warm. It was the best of all festivals. It was the gayest of all
feasts. It was the warmest and best of all collective human
activities.
The Christians were no fools. If they permitted the Pagan
holidays to continue to exist, it could challenge the basis of
the mournful Christian religion, with its great emphasis on
death. First came edicts outlawing the Pagan holiday. But
nothing so wildly wonderful and natural as this could ever be
outlawed.
Then the solution came to incorporate it into the Christian religion. Oh, it took some time. It took many years to
effect the change. It took much propaganda. It took many reprisals and sanctions against those who continued with the old
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The solstice is something different. We don't go around
the sun in a circle; we tour around it - on our earth - in an
ellipse, which is a flattened circle, or oval. When weare in the
points furtherest away from .the sun, we have another phenomenon. Twice a year, when the sun is at its greatest distance
from the celestial equator, about 21 June when the sun
reaches its northernmost point on the celestial sphere, or
about 22 December when it reaches its southernmost point,
we call these moments the solstice. The solstice in December is
the time when the days of the year, in our hemisphere, are the
shortest.
Primitive and pagan peoples were not idiots, you know.
They saw this. Apparently at the first, they feared that the
days would get shorter and shorter and shorter and finally what if there were only night! What a frightening thing, when
the sun was so necessary for life, from common observation.
So when the day came for the sun to overcome the darkness,
and for the sun to cause the days to be longer - even if just a
minute longer - it meant that there was not going to be eternal night. The sun had won a fight again. Darkness had had to
recede and slowly the days would get longer and longer until
spring and summer, with food growing again and the life cycle
being renewed again, would be everywhere on the earth.
And so every primitive culture had a festival or a feast
on this day. It was celebrated in China, in India, in South
America, in Mexico, in Africa, in every single place where man
could watch days and nights and seasons. There were presents
given on this great day, exchanged as a symbol, for the sun had
brought the most precious gift of all to man: the warmth
needed for life and a recycle of the seasons again.
The ancient people noticed other things also. Certain
trees stayed green all year round, a promise of the abundance
of spring and summer to come again after winter, a reassurPage 32
December, 1979
American Atheist
son, the greetings are to wish one and all the glad tidings of
a wonderful Winter Solstice season. The legend inside the card
reads:
December 25th, by the Julian Calendar, was the Winter
Solstice. This -day, originally regarded by the Pagans as the day
of the nativity of the sun, the shortest day of the year - when
the light began its conquering battle against darkness - was
celebrated universally in all ages of man. Taken over by the
Christians as the birthday of their mythological Christ, this ancient holiday, set by motions of the celestial bodies, survives
as a day of rejoicing that good will and love will have a per-
------...,:
..
December, 1979
Page 33
Jingle Harps
God is the Santa Claus
For grown-ups,
Abra-Cadabra
Keep Looking
Immortality, of the biblical kind,
Except in man's
Gods exist,
Astrology, or
Magic, or
Superstitution,
Ourselves.
because
[all of the above, by]
He believed in God,
Dave Brachman
And I laughed.
Page 34
REFLECTIONS
December, 1979
American Atheist
A JOYOUS ATHEIST
G. Richard
Bozarth
Austin, Texas
December, 1979
Page 35
The New Testament, though, was another matter! Its importance to Christianity far exceeds that of the Old Testament, and the 27 books that finally became the New Testament were not quickly or easily arrived at. The central issue
to establishing the New Testament was to create a written
authority - rock, if you will - upon which to build a unified
theology capable of enduring.
The first Christians expected the Second Coming shortly
after the time they believed JC Superstar had died. When this
did not happen, the leadership realistically began to consider
the survival needs of the church. Clearly, Christianity could
not last in a state of undisciplined enthusiasm always expecting the end of the world shortly. Such apocalyptic enthusiasm
was breeding strange theologies like Gnosticism, Arianism and
Montanism. The church needed to establish one theology and
upon it found its authority, and with it suppress heresies by
commanding all the faithful to believe it absolutely, or else!
There was an embarrassment of literary riches to work
with (another problem, because the multitude of holy books
contributed to spawning heresies), yet there existed early
on a body of writings that did nothing but rise in esteem as
the decades passed after their composition. These were the
Pauline letters, which are the product of a first-class, though
mystically befuddled, genius. After the destruction of Jerusalem, the Jewish Christians lost their power and influence,
which allowed the Hellenized Christians to fill the void. It is
the Hellenized Christian theology expressed in the Pauline
letters that became the intellectual spirit of Christianity.
Of Heretics And Jewishness
And so it was in the 4th century, when the New Testament canon was worked out by the Councils of Hippo (393)
and Carthage (397), that "Paul's authority was so firmly entrenched that any apostolic letters differing from his own,
even without contradicting them, were rejected." ("Foreward
to the 1979 Edition" by Solomon J. Schepps, The Lost Books
of the Bible, p. 10).
What really got the church hot on the chore of canonization was Marcion, who arbitrarily established his own canon in
the early 2nd century A.D. He repudiated the Old Testament
and all things Jewish. The Marcion Bible consisted of Luke
(cleansed of its Jewishness), and the Apostolikon. The latter
was "ten Pauline letters with Old Testament references and
apologies edited out, without Hebrews, 1 and 2 Timothy, and
Titus." (Encyclopaedia Britannica, Macropaedia, Vol. 2, p.
340)
Such audacity had to be challenged with a canon more in
line with the general desire by church leaders to bring into the
fold as many heretics as possible. They rejected Marcion's restrictive canon, perceiving "an inclusive canon allowed the
church to make a wider appeal to heretical populations."
(A History of Christianity by Paul Johnson, p. 55) Unity of
purpose, however, does not mean unity of opinion.
In the last part of the 2nd century, Irenaeus, Bishop of,
Lugdunum (now Lyons, France), used a canon that excluded
Hebrews, 2 Peter, 3 John, Jude and James, but included The
Shepherd of Hermas. The Muratorian Canon (c. 170-180)
excluded Hebrews, James, 1 and 2 Peter, 3 John, and The
Shepherd of Hermas, while giving approval with reservations
to the Apocalypse of Peter. Clement of Alexandria used the
Gospel of the Hebrews, the Gospel of the Egyptians, the Letter of Barnabas, the Didache, and other now extracanonical
works.
God, it seems, was not too interested in helping the early
church get its act together.
The problem of the canon was finally solved at the end of
the 4th century, by men no more capable of knowing what
Page 36
December, 1979
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A FIG TREE!
MarkX'I, 1214,2021
American Atheist
Biographical
Problems
A CONVENTION
Controversy
AMERICAN ATHEISTS
IN DETROIT
Aprii, 1980
Helen Weaver, Convention Coordinator
Detroit Chapter, American Atheists
POB 37056
Oak Park, MI, 48237
Austin, Texas
December, 1979
Page 37
Page 38
December, 1979
American Atheist
Film
Review
elaine stansfield
The Last Wave was made in Australia in 1977, and is just being released here. It's an interesting picture
in that it has appeal on many levels:
[1] It was in Australia where another apocalyptic movie, On The
Beach, was filmed.
[2] It's a thriller, enough to send
frightened impulses down anyone's
spine.
[3]
It's a disaster picture, using
natural phenomena as part of the
apocalypse.
[4] It pits one culture against another, one mysterious
religious
tribal ethic against modern man's
"logic. "
[5] It's well crafted and almost
tightly plotted.
[6] It leaves the audience wondering.
Richard Chamberlain, in fleeing the
U.S. from his Dr. Kildare image, has
in the process of working at his profession in Europe, England and Australia become a fine actor (including
the demands of Shakespeare). It is his
performance, and those of his co-stars,
Olivia Hamnet and the aborigine Gupulil, which knit the film together:
plus, of course, The Rain.
Chamberlain
plays a corporate
lawyer who is asked by a colleague at
the local legal aid society to defend
five aborigines on a charge of murdering a sixth. He agrees, and is thereby
drawn into a series of incidents which
lead him to believe it was a tribal,
ritual murder, and not just a drunken
brawl in a bar; a murder performed by
the tribal magician, who is a kind of
Casteneda's
Don Carlos translated
into aborigine.
Visions And Black Men
Austin, Texas
December, 1979
p. 40
Page 39
Book Review
Crime and Immorality
Former Franciscan priest Emmett
McLoughlin
was to the
Catholic
Church
what one-time
agent Philip
Agee is to the CIA - a factual embarrassrnent,
Like Agee, McLoughlin's
writings have been denounced
by his
fomer employer and he had become a
burr under the ecclesiastical saddle as
he presented
documented
evidence
showing
that the Roman
Catholic
Church in its most important
work fostering morality among its adherents
- is a resounding failure.
"By their fruits you will know
them."
With this Biblical dictum in
mind, McLoughlin
analyzed
government statistics
and utilized
studies
made by official Catholic agencies to
show that
the fruits
of Catholic
indoctrination
are found
in widespread immorality
and crime among
the clergy as well as the laity. He
surveyed 319 penal institutions
in 48
states housing 158,857 prisoners. Even
when
using the
National
Catholic
Almanac's
inflated
statistics
on the,
proportion of Catholics in the total US
population,
the high percentages
of
Catholic criminals populating
America's
state
penal
institutions
was
shown by the author to be far beyond
those of other religions or for unchurched convicts.
Catholicism's
perpetual
preoccupation with an overemphasis on sins of
sex has resulted in a de-emphasis
of
the gravity of routine everyday violations
of common
morality
upon
which the integrity of nations is built.
Hence lying is a "venial" sin which
need not be mentioned in the medieval
practice of confession,
yet every sin
concerning sex, whether in deed, word
or even in passing thought is a serious
and mortal sin. Manslaughter
is not a
mortal sin, yet for a Catholic to attend
Protestant religious services is.
McLoughlin's
12 years
in a
Catholic seminary and 15 years as a
Franciscan
priest exposed
him to a
particularly facile and effective pattern
of lying indulged in by the Catholic
hierarchy to conceal or distort thought
through semantics.
Under this divine
distortion,
"freedom
of thought"
means freedom
to accept the truth.
The Catholic
church
alone has the
truth. Therefore,
freedom of thought
means the freedom
to accept
the
Catholic faith.
The Catholic hierarchy conditions
Page 40
December,
1979
being an embittered,
biased, renegade
priest whose opinions were unreliable.
He admitted
to being bitter
only
when he thought
of the 41 years it
took for him to awaken to Catholicism's institutionalized
repression.
He
was not more anti-Catholic
than the
verifiable
statistics
of penitentiaries
and insane asylums
with which he
substantiated
his conclusions.
He drew
heavily on the works of the eminent
historian
Henry Charles Lea for his
"personal
reeducation"
since leaving
Catholicism
to marry and embrace
Protestantism.
Continued
from p. 39
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Atheist
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