EFFECTS OF Jatropha curcas

SEED CAKE USED IN

RATION ON REPRODUCTIVE
PERFORMANCE OF MICE
(Mus musculus)
Dr. Pollung H. Siagian, MS
Ir. Anita S. Tjakradidjaja, MRur.Sc.
Wisnu Wardoyo, SPt.

Faculty of Animal Science

Bogor Agricultural University
 INTRODUCTION

 Program – 10 million ha – critical land

rehabilitation – planting J. curcas
 Potential source of alternative energy
replacing fossil fuel
 Oil extraction process – byproduct (J. curcas
seed cake) :
 Potential in production & availability
 Nutrient content :45.1% CP – 31.9% CF = used as
protein supplement
 Limitations : 1. high fibre content
2. curcin & phorbolester

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 Mice :
 Laboratory animals :
1. minimum funding used
2. short period of experiment
3. short life cycle & easily handled
4. production & reproduction traits = other mammals

 Aim of study :
 To study effect of J. curcas seed cake at different levels (0,
5, 10 and 15%) in ration for mice (Mus musculus)
 To determine a safe level of J. curcas seed cake utilisation
for mice

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 METHODS
 Treatment : (60 days experiment)
 R0 : 100% basal ration (commercial feed for broiler)
 R1 : 95% R0 + 5% J. curcas seed cake (JC)
 R2 : 90% R0 + 10% JC
 R3 : 85% R0 + 15% JC
 Experimental design & data analysis :
 Completely randomised design
 Anova & Tukey test

 Variables :
 Feed intake of female mice
 Litter size and weight at birth and at weaning time
 Mortality female mice & litter

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 Procedure :
 Feed & drink :
 Commercial feed & JC seed cake = ground & mixed

 Provide in mash form = ad libitum

 Drink = ad libitum

 Animals :
 Male (24 head) & female (24 head) mice

 Place in the same cage – female = pregnant – separate

male mice
 Variable measurements :
 Feed intake – every 10 days

 Birth weight after 21 days pregnancy

 Weaning weight after 21 days

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 RESULT & DISCUSSION
 Number of female mice & its mortality
 Reductions in female no. after consuming JC diet
 Highest reduction in 15% JC diet
 Death occurred at 40 days for 5 & 10% JC, 29 days for
15% JC diet
 Mortality
rate increase as levels of JC increase
 Death due to curcin & phorbolester

 Nutrient content
 JC seed cake : high in CP, EE & CF content
 JC diets : no different in CP & EE content, high in
CF content – sufficient for mice
requirement
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 Table 1. Average number of female mice & its
mortality
Treatment Numbers & time of death of female mice Mortality
At start Died Time of At the (%)
(head) (head) death end
(days) (head)
R0-0% JC 6 0 - 6 0.00
R1-5% JC 6 1 41 5 16.66
R2-10% JC 6 3 40 3 50.00

R3 -15% JC 6 6 29 0 100.00

Total 24 10 14
Average 6 2.5 27.5 41.66

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 Table 2. Nutrient composition of treatment diet

JC-T.diet DM (%) DM composition (%)

Ash CP EE CF
JC 90.90 5.53 18.53 10.09 32.54

R0-0% JC 91.63 8.58 13.65 8.46 4.76

R1-5% JC 91.59 8.46 14.23 8.34 6.18

R2-10% JC 91.57 7.64 14.37 8.33 7.67

R3 -15% JC 91.25 8.47 14.03 8.89 9.03

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 Feed intakes of female mice
 R0 & R1 – no significant different
 R2 & R3 – no significant different
 Body weight gain for 1st 10 days
 R0, R1 & R2 = 0.74 g/head/day

 R3 = 0.27 g/head/day

 Performance of mice litter

 Female pregnant : R0 – all vs R1 2 pregnant/6 (1 died)
 Litter size : 1. at birth : 5% JC reduced litter size
2. at weaning : 5% JC reduced litter size
(female mice died)
 Weight : 1. at birth : no different, but 5% JC – more varied
2. at weaning : 5% JC increased – due to only
1 litter carred by female mice

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 Table 3. Feed intakes of female mice

Treatment Observation Mice numbers Feed intake

day (days) (head) (g/head/day)
R0-0% JC 60 6 2.57
R1-5% JC 60 6 2.24
Average 60 6 2.41 + 0.22

R2-10% JC 20 5 2.59

R3 -15% JC 20 2 2.30
Average 20 3.5 2.45 + 0.47

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 Table 4. Performance of mice litter

Treatment Prgnant Birth Weaning Mortality

mice Litter Weight Litter Weight (%)
number size (g) size (g)
(head) (head) (head)
R0-0% JC 6 9.67 1.42 7.67 7.92 26.16

R1-5% JC 2 (1*) 5.50 1.63 1.00 17.85 91.00

Average 7.58 1.52 4.33 12.88 58.58

+ 3.00 + 0.21 + 1.14 + 0.33 + 8.48

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 CONCLUSION
Use of J. curcas seed cake :
1. 5 %
didnot affect feed intake, litter size at birth and weaning
weight
reduced litter size at weaning
had high mortality rate of litter

2. 10 %
mortality rate – 50%; dead occurred after 40 days
3. 15%
mortality rate – 100%; dead occurred after 29 days
4. death due to : curcin & phorbolester
5. the best level – 5%

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