PRPI-019 D20 D200 Overview V300 R6

GE
Digital Energy
D20/D200
Technical Overview
PRPI-019
Version 3.00 Revision 6
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D20/D200 Technical Overview
GE Digital Energy
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Contents
About this Document .....................................................................................................................1
Purpose........................................................................................................................................ 1
Who Should Use this Document? ............................................................................................... 2
Additional Documentation .......................................................................................................... 2
Product Support .............................................................................................................................3
Search Technical Support ........................................................................................................... 3
Contact Customer Service .......................................................................................................... 3
Whats New.....................................................................................................................................4
D20ME II Main Processor .......................................................................................................... 4
D20EME (Ethernet/Memory Expansion) ................................................................................... 5
New D20/D200 I/O Peripherals .................................................................................................. 5
D20AC, AC Analog Input Peripheral ..................................................................................... 5
D20 High-Voltage Peripherals ................................................................................................ 6
D20K4Z Termination Module ................................................................................................ 6
New Power Supplies ................................................................................................................... 6
Multiple Language Support ........................................................................................................ 7
1. System Overview ........................................................................................................................8
1.1 System Architecture ............................................................................................................ 9
1.2 Hardware Design ................................................................................................................ 9
1.3 D20/D200 Product Comparison........................................................................................ 10
1.4 D20 RTU Platform ............................................................................................................ 10
1.5 D200 Substation Automation Platform............................................................................. 13
1.5.1 D200 Features .............................................................................................................. 13
1.6 D20/D200 RTU Hardware ................................................................................................ 15
1.6.1 Chassis ......................................................................................................................... 15
1.6.2 Main Processor............................................................................................................. 17
1.6.3 Ethernet/Memory Expansion (EME) Kit ..................................................................... 18
1.6.4 Power Supplies............................................................................................................. 19
1.6.5 Modems........................................................................................................................ 20
1.7 I/O Peripherals .................................................................................................................. 20
1.8 Auxiliary Equipment ......................................................................................................... 21
1.9 Communications ............................................................................................................... 21
1.10 Firmware ........................................................................................................................... 22
1.11 Configuration and Maintenance Software ........................................................................ 22
1.12 System Documentation ..................................................................................................... 22
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2. Detailed Technical Description ...............................................................................................25

2.1 Mechanical Design and Packaging ................................................................................... 25
2.1.1 General ......................................................................................................................... 25
2.1.2 Enclosure...................................................................................................................... 26
2.1.3 Chassis ......................................................................................................................... 26
2.1.4 Peripheral I/O Module Assembly ................................................................................ 28
2.1.5 Environmental .............................................................................................................. 29
2.2 Main Processor.................................................................................................................. 30
2.2.1 Hardware ...................................................................................................................... 30
2.2.2 D20/D200 Main Processor Specifications ................................................................... 31
2.2.3 Firmware ...................................................................................................................... 32
2.2.4 Time Synchronization .................................................................................................. 34
2.3 Ethernet/Memory Expansion (EME) Kit .......................................................................... 36
2.4 I/O Peripheral Modules ..................................................................................................... 37
2.4.1 Types of I/O Peripherals .............................................................................................. 37
2.4.2 Termination Types ....................................................................................................... 38
2.4.3 Hardware ...................................................................................................................... 40
2.4.4 Firmware ...................................................................................................................... 41
2.4.5 I/O Processing .............................................................................................................. 43
2.4.6 D20S Digital Input Peripheral ..................................................................................... 44
2.4.7 D20A Analog Input Peripheral .................................................................................... 48
2.4.8 D20K Control Output Peripheral ................................................................................. 53
2.4.9 Interposing Relay Panel ............................................................................................... 58
2.4.10 D20C Combination I/O Peripheral ............................................................................ 58
2.4.11 D20AC, AC Analog Input Peripheral ........................................................................ 62
2.5 D20/D200 Power Supplies and Chargers ......................................................................... 64
2.5.1 D20 Power Supply Specifications ............................................................................... 65
2.5.2 D20 Battery Chargers .................................................................................................. 66
2.6 D20 Modems ..................................................................................................................... 67
2.6.1 WESDAC 202/V.23 Modem Specifications ................................................................ 68
2.7 Communications ............................................................................................................... 69
2.8 D.20 Link .......................................................................................................................... 70
2.8.1 Designing a Distributed D20 Network......................................................................... 71
2.8.2 D.20 Communication Interface .................................................................................... 72
2.8.3 Adapter Modules .......................................................................................................... 73
2.8.4 D.20 Fiber Optic Splitter.............................................................................................. 73
2.8.5 Communication Cables ................................................................................................ 74
2.8.6 Power Requirements .................................................................................................... 75
2.9 Redundancy....................................................................................................................... 75
2.9.1 D20/D200 Redundancy ................................................................................................ 76
2.9.2 D.20 Link Redundancy ................................................................................................ 77
2.10 Auxiliary Equipment ......................................................................................................... 78
2.10.1 Universal Protocol Converter .................................................................................... 78
2.10.2 Data Display Panel ..................................................................................................... 79
2.10.3 Fiber Optic Interfaces................................................................................................. 79
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3. Configuration and Maintenance Software ............................................................................80

3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
Config Pro ......................................................................................................................... 80

LogicLinx .......................................................................................................................... 80
WESMAINT ..................................................................................................................... 80
PROMAINT ...................................................................................................................... 81
68K Monitor...................................................................................................................... 81
4. Application Software ...............................................................................................................82

4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
User Programmable Logic ................................................................................................ 82

Generation, Transmission, and Feeder Bay Automation Applications............................. 82
Distribution Automation Applications .............................................................................. 82
Communication Services Applications ............................................................................. 83
Data Logging / Storage Applications ................................................................................ 83
Data Reduction and Summarizing Applications ............................................................... 83
Data Conversion Applications .......................................................................................... 84
Other DTAs ....................................................................................................................... 84
5. Frequently Asked Questions ...................................................................................................85

5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
What is the performance of the D20 and D200?............................................................... 85

What is the difference between the D20 and the D200? ................................................... 85
Will VME cards work with my non-VME systems? ........................................................ 85
What is the I/O capacity of a D20 system? ....................................................................... 86
What is the I/O capacity of a D200 system? ..................................................................... 86
What are the added features of the ME II Main Processor over the ME Main Processor?
86
A. Specifications and Supported Standards ..............................................................................87

B. Supported Host Protocols .......................................................................................................90
C. Supported IED Protocols........................................................................................................91
D. Power Consumption D20 Modules .....................................................................................93
E. D20/D200 Main Processor Compatibility .............................................................................94
F. D.20 Link Installation .............................................................................................................95
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Figures
Figure 1 D20ME II Main Processor.............................................................................................. 4
Figure 2 D20EME (Ethernet/Memory Expansion) ....................................................................... 5
Figure 3 GE Integrated Substation Control System...................................................................... 8
Figure 4 D20 System Architecture ............................................................................................. 11
Figure 5 Example D20 Rack Layout .......................................................................................... 12
Figure 6 D200 Substation Automation Platform ........................................................................ 13
Figure 7 D200 System Architecture ........................................................................................... 14
Figure 8 Example D200 Rack Layout ........................................................................................ 15
Figure 9 D20 Perspective Drawing ............................................................................................. 16
Figure 10 D200 Perspective Drawing ......................................................................................... 17
Figure 11 D20ME II Main Processor.......................................................................................... 18
Figure 12 D20EME (Ethernet/Memory Expansion) ................................................................... 19
Figure 13 D20/D200 Chassis Mounted Power Supplies............................................................. 19
Figure 14 D20A I/O Peripheral................................................................................................... 20
Figure 15 D20 Chassis (non-VME version) ............................................................................... 27
Figure 16 D20 Chassis (VME version) ....................................................................................... 27
Figure 17 D200 Chassis .............................................................................................................. 28
Figure 18 D20 Peripheral I/O Module ........................................................................................ 29
Figure 19 D20ME Block Diagram .............................................................................................. 30
Figure 20 D20/D200 Time Synchronization............................................................................... 35
Figure 21 Demodulated IRIG B Signal ...................................................................................... 35
Figure 22 D20EME (Ethernet/Memory Expansion) ................................................................... 36
Figure 23 D20 I/O Peripheral - Compression Termination ........................................................ 38
Figure 24 D20 I/O Peripheral DB25 Termination ................................................................... 38
Figure 25 D20 I/O Peripheral Disconnect Termination ........................................................... 39
Figure 26 D20 I/O Peripheral Barrier Termination ................................................................. 39
Figure 27 D20 Peripheral I/O Block Diagram ............................................................................ 40
Figure 28 D20S Digital Input Peripheral .................................................................................... 44
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Figure 29 D20S Digital Input Peripheral Block Diagram .......................................................... 45

Figure 30 D20A Analog Input Peripheral ................................................................................... 48
Figure 31 D20A Analog Input Peripheral Block Diagram ......................................................... 49
Figure 32 Analog Conversion Process ........................................................................................ 49
Figure 33 Three-point Linearity Correction ............................................................................... 51
Figure 34 D20K Control Output Peripheral................................................................................ 53
Figure 35 Interposing Relays ...................................................................................................... 58
Figure 36 D20 Power Supply...................................................................................................... 65
Figure 37 D200 Power Supplies ................................................................................................. 65
Figure 38 D.20 Link Example Configuration ............................................................................. 71
Figure 39 D.20 Communications Interface ................................................................................. 72
Figure 40 D.20 Communication Interface .................................................................................. 72
Figure 41 DCI Modes of Operation ............................................................................................ 73
Figure 42 D.20 Fiber Optic Splitter ............................................................................................ 73
Figure 43 D.20 Fiber Optic Splitter ............................................................................................ 74
Figure 44 D200 Redundancy ...................................................................................................... 76
Figure 45 Single D20/D200 with Loop Redundancy ................................................................. 77
Figure 46 Single D20/D200 with Redundant LAN .................................................................... 78
Figure 47 Data Display Panel ..................................................................................................... 79
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Tables
Table 1 D20/D200 Power Supply Replacements.......................................................................... 6
Table 2 D20/D200 Product Comparison...................................................................................... 10
Table 3 D20/D200 Power Supplies............................................................................................. 20
Table 4 D20/D200 Main Processor Specifications ..................................................................... 31
Table 5 D20/D200 Ethernet Media Types .................................................................................. 36
Table 6 D20/D200 I/O Peripherals ............................................................................................. 37
Table 7 I/O Processing ................................................................................................................. 43
Table 8 D20S Specifications ....................................................................................................... 47
Table 9 D20S Options ................................................................................................................. 47
Table 10 D20A Specifications .................................................................................................... 52
Table 11 D20A Options .............................................................................................................. 53
Table 12 D20K Specifications .................................................................................................... 56
Table 13 D20K Options .............................................................................................................. 57
Table 14 D20KI Options ............................................................................................................. 58
Table 15 D20C Daughter Boards ................................................................................................ 59
Table 16 D20C Specifications .................................................................................................... 60
Table 17 D20C Options .............................................................................................................. 61
Table 18 D20AC Features and Specifications ............................................................................ 62
Table 19 D20AC Options ........................................................................................................... 63
Table 20 D20/D200 Power Supplies........................................................................................... 65
Table 21 D20/D200 Battery Chargers ........................................................................................ 66
Table 22 D20/D200 Modems...................................................................................................... 67
Table 23 WESDAC 202/V.23 Modem Specifications ............................................................... 68
Table 24 D20/D200 Communications Links .............................................................................. 69
Table 25 D20/D200 Fiber Optic Links ....................................................................................... 79
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About this Document

Purpose
This document provides a technical overview of the D20/D200 Remote Terminal Unit (RTU).
The document is organized as follows:
Whats New: This section highlights recent additions and enhancements that have been
made to the D20/D200 product line.
1. System Overview: This section provides an overview of the D20/D200 system hardware
and software.
2. Detailed Technical Description: This section provides a detailed description of the

D20/D200 hardware, software and operation.
3. Configuration and Maintenance Software: This section describes utilities and

applications that are available to help you configure, manage and maintain your D20/D200
system.
4. Application Software: This section describes some of the substation automation and
SCADA applications that are available for the D20/D200.
5. Frequently Asked Questions: This appendix presents answers to frequently asked

questions about the D20/D200.
A. Specifications and Supported Standards: This appendix lists key industry

specifications with which the D20/D200 complies.
B. Supported Host Protocols: This appendix lists SCADA host protocols supported by the
D20/D200.
C. Supported IED Protocols: This appendix lists IED protocols supported by the
D20/D200.
D. Power Consumption D20 Modules This appendix lists nominal power consumption
for D20 components, for use in power calculations.
E. D20/D200 Main Processor Compatibility: This appendix shows the compatibility of

D20 processors with the D20/D200 chassis.
F. D.20 Link Installation: This appendix provides guidelines on planning and installing a
D.20 Link.
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Who Should Use this Document?

This document is a helpful resource for utility customers or GE partners who are purchasing or
evaluating a remote terminal unit or substation control system. It is intended for readers who
have a knowledge of substation automation equipment and applications.
Additional Documentation
For further information about the D20/D200 product family, refer to the following documents:
D20/D200 Installation and Operation Guide (994-0078)
D20, D25, iBOX Automation Applications (PRPI-048)
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Product Support
If you need help with any aspect of your GE Digital Energy product, you have a few options.
Search Technical Support

The GE Energy Web site provides fast access to technical information, such as manuals, release
notes and knowledge base topics. Visit us on the Web at:
http://www.gedigitalenergy.com/
Contact Customer Service

The GE Energy Customer Service Center is open 24 hours a day, seven days a week for you to
talk directly to a GE representative.
In the U.S. and Canada, call toll-free: 1 877 547 8630
International customers, please call: +1 905 927 7070
Or e-mail to ge4service@ge.com
Have the following information ready to give to Customer Service:
Ship to address (the address that the product is to be returned to)
Bill to address (the address that the invoice is to be sent to)
Contact name
Contact phone number
Contact fax number
Contact e-mail address
Product number / serial number
Description of problem
The Customer Service centre will provide you with a case number for your reference.
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Whats New
GE Energy is pleased to announce the following additions to the D20/D200 product family:
D20ME II Main Processor

The D20ME II, the latest generation of D20/D200 processors, builds on the increased memory,
performance and communication port speed introduced with the D20ME. Where the D20ME
supports up to eight RS-232 serial ports (one of which is reserved for the maintenance port), the
D20ME II supports:
Seven serial ports, each of which can be configured as either RS-485 or RS-232, and
One RS-232 maintenance port.
Each D20ME II RS-485 port can communicate with up to 32 devices and operate over distances up
to 4000 feet, without the use of repeaters (see note below). The D20ME II is backwards compatible
with VME and non-VME versions of the D20 chassis, and with the D200 chassis. For more
information, see section 2.2, Main Processor.
Figure 1 D20ME II Main Processor
Note: The RS-485 port on the D20ME II provides no isolation and offers limited built-in
transient suppression. If you are using the D20ME II in an environment where longer cable runs
with larger transients are expected, installation of an external transient suppression device is
recommended to protect the RTU. In addition, GE recommends the installation of an external
transient suppression device when the RS-485 communication cable must be run to devices
located outside of the RTU cabinet containing the D20ME II. Error! Reference source not
found. for additional information.
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D20EME (Ethernet/Memory Expansion)

The D20EME is a VME-based module that combines Ethernet support and global memory
expansion.
Figure 2 D20EME (Ethernet/Memory Expansion)
The D20EME allows VME-based D20 and D200 systems to be connected directly to any 10 MB
Ethernet-based network. Available configurations of the D20EME module include:
Ethernet only
Memory only
Ethernet and Memory
For more information, see section 2.3, Ethernet/Memory Expansion (EME) Kit.
New D20/D200 I/O Peripherals

Several new I/O peripherals have been added to the D20/D200 product family.
D20AC, AC Analog Input Peripheral

The D20AC, AC analog input peripheral provides AC analog computing and monitoring. It has
the following features:
Up to 132 analog values and 18 accumulator values
Direct AC analog inputs from current and voltage transformers for up to three 3-phase
circuits, eliminating the need for transducers and/or metering IEDs
Integrated key substation functions such as metering, analog processing and power quality
measurement
3-element and 1-element (balanced system) metering
Meter calculations include kW, kVArs, kVA, power factor, frequency, kWh, kVARh, kVAh
and symmetrical components.
Power quality data: %THD (total harmonic distortion), 21st harmonic
For more information, see section 2.4.11 , D20AC, AC Analog Input Peripheral.
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D20 High-Voltage Peripherals

D20 high-voltage peripherals provide an extra level of protection for your system. They are
packaged similar to the standard D20 I/O peripherals, but the input and output circuits are
conditioned to handle higher voltages. For instance, the high-voltage version of the D20S, the
D20 SZ, supports ON thresholds of up to 220 VDC. For more information, see section 2.4, I/O
Peripheral.
D20K4Z Termination Module

The WESTERM D20K4Z is the termination panel for the D20K4Z high-voltage control output
module. As well as providing outputs that can withstand higher voltages, all of the control relays
on the D20K4Z termination module are 4-pole, momentary contact, so that both sides of an
interposer coil can be switched for additional control security. For more information, see section
2.4, I/O Peripheral.
New Power Supplies

GE Energy has introduced several new D20/D200 power supplies that provide additional
capacity and improved standards compliance. The new power supplies are designed to be drop-in
replacements for the existing D20 power supplies. As shown in the following tables, each of the
existing power supplies has two possible replacements, one with a 24 V isolated output, and one
with a 48 V isolated output. For more information, see section 2.5, D20/D200 Power Supplies
and Chargers.
Table 1 D20/D200 Power Supply Replacements
Supply Phased Out
Drop In Replacement
Alternative
Replacement
Part Number
580-0240
580-2006
580-2007
Input Voltage Range
90-135 VAC
100-300 VDC or
85-264 VAC
100-300 VDC or
85-264 VAC
+5 V Current
5A
7A
7A
+12 V Current
1A
2A
2A
-12 V Current
1A
1A
ISO V/I
24 V/3 A
24 V/3 A
48 V/1 A
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Supply Phased Out
Drop In Replacement
Alternative
Replacement
Part Number
580-0241
580-2006
580-2007
Input Voltage Range
100-150 VDC
100-300 VDC or
85-264 VAC
100-300 VDC or
85-264 VAC
+5 V Current
5A
7A
7A
+12 V Current
1A
2A
2A
-12 V Current
1A
1A
ISO V/I
24 V/ A
24 V/3 A
48 V/1 A
Supply Phased Out
Drop In
Replacement
Alternative
Replacement
Part Number
580-0296
580-2004
580-2005
Input Voltage
Range
20-60 VDC
20-60 VDC
20-60 VDC
+5 V Current
5A
7A
7A
+12 V Current
1A
2A
2A
-12 V Current
1A
1A
ISO V/I
24 V/ A
24 V/3 A
48 V/1 A
Supply Phased Out
Drop In
Replacement
Alternative
Replacement
Part Number
580-0297
580-2007
580-2006
Input Voltage
Range
100300 VDC or
90265 VAC
100-300 VDC or
85-264 VAC
100-300 VDC or
85-264 VAC
+5 V Current
5A
7A
7A
+12 V Current
1A
2A
2A
-12 V Current
1A
1A
ISO V/I
48 V/1 A
48 V/1 A
24 V/3 A
Multiple Language Support

To meet the needs of our international customers, GE Energy has added multiple language
support to many of our software products that complement the D20/D200, including PowerLink,
Config Pro and WESMAINT. These products can be supplied in other languages by request so
that end users, such as system operators, can work efficiently in their native language. Contact
GE Energy for details.
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1. System Overview
This section provides an overview of the D20/D200 system hardware and software. More
detailed technical information can be found in 2. Detailed Technical Description.
The D20/D200 is the heart of GE Energys iSCS (Integrated Substation Control System), as
illustrated in Figure 3.
Figure 3 GE Integrated Substation Control System
The D20/D200 provides substation server functionality in a mission-critical, substation-hardened

package. The D20/D200 has a distributed architecture for gathering data from, and controlling,
substation equipment.
The D20/D200 is available with a broad range of:
SCADA host protocols (see C. Supported Host Protocols)
IED protocols (see D. Supported IED Protocols)
Communication options (see section 2.7, Communications)
Input/output (I/O) peripheral modules (see section 2.4, I/O Peripheral)
Operation and maintenance utilities (see 3. Configuration and Maintenance Software)

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Substation automation applications (see 4. Application Software)
1.1 System Architecture

The D20/D200 is based on a distributed processing architecture that consists of one or more
main processors, peripheral I/O modules, termination panels, power supplies and
communications equipment.
The main components of a D20/D200 system are:
D20/D200 main chassis, equipped with processor(s), power supply, RS-232/485 ports
Input/output peripheral modules
Auxiliary equipment
Communications interfaces
Application firmware
Configuration and maintenance software
User manuals
The main processor communicates with I/O peripherals over proprietary high-speed D.20
communications links. General-purpose RS-232 and RS-485 serial ports provide
communications with a variety of external devices, including substation equipment (IEDs, for
example), local printers, operator terminals, and SCADA computers.
Field data acquired by the D20/D200 is maintained in the system database, where it can be
accessed and processed by different application programs.
1.2 Hardware Design

The D20 and D200 hardware designs are based on:
Distributed processing architecture which permits the sharing of I/O data processing between
the main processor and I/O peripheral processors
CMOS logic devices for low power consumption, noise immunity and high reliability
Advanced 32-bit Freescale 68030 (D20ME and ME II) and 68HC11 (D20 I/O peripherals)
single-chip microcontrollers
Programmable logic devices (PLD) to provide flexibility and reliability, and to reduce the
physical space taken up by logic circuits
9600-baud maintenance port
D.20 HDLC link over a shielded cable or a glass/plastic fiber optic cable
The modular design of the D20/D200 allows for easy expansion when you need additional
processing power or communication ports.
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1.3 D20/D200 Product Comparison

Table 2 summarizes the key differences between the D20 and the D200.
Table 2 D20/D200 Product Comparison
D20
D200
Maximum Processor Boards
1 - non-VME chassis
3 - VME chassis
Maximum I/O Boards
31 (without repeaters)
124 (without repeaters)
120 (with repeaters)
480 (with repeaters)
Optional
Standard
14 + 2 maintenance port
49 + 7 maintenance ports
Base Software
Standard D20 Base, CCU Base
CCU Base
Applications Software
Full suite of GE Energy

automation application software
and protocols
Full suite of GE Energy

automation application software
and protocols
5-7*
5 - 7 per node *
VME Backplane
Maximum Serial Ports
Typical Number of
Applications *
* Each D20/D200 application has specific memory and processing requirements. The number
of applications that can be supported is therefore system-specific, and this will be
determined during system engineering. If the applications you require are particularly
processor or memory-intensive, the number that can be supported may be less than that
shown in Table 2. Likewise, if the applications are not particularly processor or memoryintensive, the number that can be supported may be higher than that shown. Contact GE
Energy for further information.
1.4 D20 RTU Platform

There are two types of D20 RTU masters:
Single-slot (or non-VME) One processor
Five-slot VME Up to three processors plus Ethernet
The D20 hardware consists of a rack-mountable chassis containing one or more processor
boards, power supplies and modems. As shown in Figure 4, the D20 interfaces with substation
equipment either through peripheral I/O modules, or directly through RS-232, RS-485, or
Ethernet links.
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The D20 can support up to:
Two D.20 ports, each supporting up to 31 I/O peripherals, without repeaters, and 120 I/O
peripherals, with repeaters
21 RS-232 or RS-485 ports (7 per processor board)
Two Ethernet channels
Figure 4 D20 System Architecture
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An example of a D20 rack layout is shown in Figure 5.

42
40
D20 CHASSIS
(with 7 COM ports)
Optional second 7 COM port
panel
UPC
30
WESDAC D20A
WESTERM D20A
DUCT PANEL
WESDAC D20S
WESTERM D20S
20
DUCT PANEL
WESDAC D20K
WESTERM D20K
DUCT PANEL
10
Figure 5 Example D20 Rack Layout
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1.5 D200 Substation Automation Platform

The D200 has the computing power and expandability needed to provide substation automation
in larger substations. This is achieved through an innovative design that employs multiple D20
processors, communicating over a VME bus.
Figure 6 D200 Substation Automation Platform
The D200 has the processing power to monitor and control thousands of I/O points. It can run
sophisticated automation applications, such as our LogicLinx* programmable logic control,
without compromising performance.
GE Energy has installed D200 systems with point counts exceeding 80,000. Contact GE Energy
for further information on engineering large systems.
1.5.1 D200 Features
RS-232/RS-485 ports support large numbers of host systems and IEDs
VME bus architecture provides high scalability and performance for adding serial ports,
LAN options, and memory
Data is integrated and coordinated, so different applications access a single, real-time

database
Optional redundant configuration for high reliability at critical sites (see section 2.9,
Redundancy)
Hardened to perform critical control functions in the substation environment, in accordance

with applicable IEEE and IEC standards
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D200 hardware is similar in design to the D20 hardware, but it has significantly more physical
capacity. Based on a 9-slot VME chassis, the D200, illustrated in Figure 7, can support up to:
4 D.20 ports, each supporting up to 31 I/O peripherals, without repeaters, and 120 I/O
peripherals, with repeaters
49 RS-232 or RS-485 ports (seven per D20ME or D20ME II Main Processor)
Two Ethernet channels
Figure 7 D200 System Architecture
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An example of a D200 rack layout is shown in Figure 8.

42
40
FAILOVER SUPPLY
BLANK PANEL
FAILOVER SUPPLY
BLANK PANEL
L/R SWITCH PANEL
DUCT PANEL
D200 CCU CHASSIS

30
UPC
DUAL MODEM PANEL
D.20 DC INTERFACE
DUCT PANEL
20
DUCT PANEL
WESDAC D20A
WESTERM D20A
DUCT PANEL
WESDAC D20A
WESTERM D20A
DUCT PANEL
WESDAC D20S
WESTERM D20S
DUCT PANEL
WESDAC D20S
WESTERM D20S
DUCT PANEL
WESDAC D20K
WESTERM D20K
DUCT PANEL
10
WESDAC D20K
WESTERM D20K
DUCT PANEL
POWER BAR
POWER BAR
Figure 8 Example D200 Rack Layout
1.6 D20/D200 RTU Hardware

1.6.1 Chassis
The D20 and D200 chassis feature a VME/Eurocard design for mounting plug-in D20 modules:
Main Processor
Power Supplies
Modems
Ethernet/Memory Expansion Module
Media Interface Card
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For convenience, maintenance ports, test points, indicators and power switches are brought out to
the front of the chassis. With VME versions of the D20 and D200 chassis, external connections
are provided through rear-mounted termination panels.
1.6.1.1 D20 Chassis
D20EME Ethernet
Memory Expansion
Module
Power Supply
5.25
in
19.0 in
D20ME or D20ME II
Main Processor (up to 2)
Media Interface
Cards
8.5 in
Modem
Figure 9 D20 Perspective Drawing
The D20 chassis is available in a single-slot Eurocard version, or a five-slot VME version. The
single-slot chassis provides one horizontal double-size Eurocard slot for mounting the D20
processor card. It is equipped with an integral D20 termination board for customer power and
field connection, and for serial-port access.
The VME chassis is equipped with five horizontal expansion slots for use with VME compatible
printed circuit boards. A separate termination board is required with the full VME chassis. The
VME D20 chassis can support up to:
Three D20 processor cards
Two D.20 ports, each supporting up to 31 peripherals without repeaters or 120 I/O
peripherals with repeaters
Twenty-one RS232 or RS-485 ports (seven per main processor)
Two Ethernet ports
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1.6.1.2 D200 Chassis

Up to four Power Supplies
D20EME Ethernet Memory

Expansion Module
19 in.
D20ME or D20ME II
Main Processors
(up to seven)
14
in.
10.5 in
Power Switch / Fuse Panel
Modem Slots (seven if MIC

installed, eight otherwise)
Media Interface Card
(MIC)
Figure 10 D200 Perspective Drawing
The D200 chassis is a nine-slot VME chassis that can support up to:
Seven D20 processor cards
Four D.20 ports supporting up to 124 peripherals without repeaters and 480 I/O peripherals
with repeaters
49 RS-232 or RS-485 ports (seven per main processor)
Two Ethernet ports
1.6.2 Main Processor

The design of the D20 main processor has evolved with improvements in processor performance
and electronic packaging technology. Previous versions of the D20 main processor (D20M,
D20M+ and D20M++), although no longer available, are still operating at many locations. The
current versions of the D20 main processor (D20ME and D20ME II) are described below. For a
detailed description of the main processors, see section 2.2, Main Processor.
Compatibility of the different versions of the D20/D200 main processors and chassis is listed in
E. D20/D200 Main Processor Compatibility.
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Figure 11 D20ME II Main Processor
1.6.2.1 D20ME
The D20ME Main Processor:
Concentrates data from substation equipment, then processes and forwards this data to the
SCADA Master
Receives control actions from the SCADA Master and forwards these actions to substation
equipment
Depending on the application software supported on the unit, initiates control actions based
on the status of the substation equipment
Processes maintenance commands received through the WESMAINT port.
The D20ME interfaces with substation equipment through:
D20 I/O Peripherals
RS-232 ports (eight RS-232 ports per D20ME, one of which is the maintenance port)
Ethernet ports (two per D20/D200)
1.6.2.2 D20ME II
In addition to the D20ME functionality described above, the D20ME II main processor can be
configured to support RS-485 communications on any of seven serial ports (the eighth is
reserved for the RS-232 WESMAINT port). Through each of the RS-485 serial ports, the
D20/D200 can communicate point-to-multipoint with large numbers of end devices, out to a
distance of 4000 feet.
1.6.3 Ethernet/Memory Expansion (EME) Kit

expansion.
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The D20EME allows VME-based D20 and D200 systems to be connected directly to any
10 Mbps Ethernet-based network. Available configurations of the D20EME module include:
Ethernet only
Memory only
Ethernet and Memory
For more information, see section 2.3, Ethernet/Memory Expansion (EME) Kit.
1.6.4 Power Supplies

The D20 switch-mode power supply, installed in the D20 chassis, provides power to the units
that are installed in the chassis, and up to five D20 I/O peripherals depending on the hardware
configuration. For larger systems with more than five I/O peripherals, an external power supply
is always required. D200 power supplies provide power to multiple processors and are
configured as separate +12 and 5 V supplies.
Figure 13 D20/D200 Chassis Mounted Power Supplies
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Several types of power supplies are available for D20/D200 systems:

Table 3 D20/D200 Power Supplies
Power Supply Type
Standard chassis-mounted
Features
Chassis-mounted
Switch-mode converters
Provides power for all modules in the chassis, including the

main processor, VME cards, modems.
External
Required for large numbers of I/O peripherals or modems.
Redundant
Provides fail-over protection and delivers continuous power to the

D20 modules and peripherals.
For a listing of available power supplies, refer to section 2.5, D20/D200 Power Supplies and
Chargers.
1.6.5 Modems
GE Energy offers a wide range of D20/D200 modems to provide communication between the
D20/D200 and SCADA host computers or remote devices, including proprietary WESDAC
modems and third-party modems from vendors such as Telenetics and Westermo. For more
information, see section 2.6, D20 Modems.
1.7 I/O Peripherals

A range of I/O peripherals is available to provide expandable input/output functionality for the
D20/D200.
Figure 14 D20A I/O Peripheral
The following types of I/O peripherals meet various input/output requirements.
D20A 32-channel DC analog input module
D20K 32 control relay module
D20KI 8 interposer relay module (up to four D20KIs per D20K)
D20S 64-channel digital input module
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D20C Combination of 16 digital inputs and 8 digital outputs. Optional 16 analog inputs, or
8 analog inputs and 8 analog outputs.
D20AC Up to 15 direct AC inputs and 1 DC analog input
For a detailed description, see section 2.4, I/O Peripheral.

D20 I/O peripherals are available in standard and high-voltage versions. The high-voltage
versions of the peripherals are electrically more robust than the standard versions, and meet a
broader range of industry standards. These standards, which include IEC standards for
electrostatic discharge, RFI susceptibility, electrical stress, and vibration, are described in A.
Specifications and Supported Standards.
1.8 Auxiliary Equipment

GE Energy offers a selection of auxiliary equipment to support specific substation applications,
including:
Interposing relay panels for applications requiring heavy-duty control ratings
Universal protocol converter to interface with devices that use synchronous protocols
Data display panel to view any data point on a built in LCD screen
Fiber optic interfaces
For more information, see section 2.10, Auxiliary Equipment.
1.9 Communications
The D20/D200 interfaces with peripherals and external devices over several types of
communications facilities:
RS-232
RS-485
D.20 Link
Ethernet
For a detailed description, see section 2.7, Communications.
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1.10 Firmware
The D20/D200 software is based on a core set of software modules, collectively referred to as
the base system. The base system is programmed into the D20/D200 on-board flash memory as
firmware. Processing and data acquisition functionality is distributed between the I/O peripheral
processors, which have similar but smaller base systems, and the D20 main processor. The base
system for the D200 is commonly referred to as the CCU base system. For a detailed description,
see section 2.2.3 , Firmware.
D20/D200 base systems have the following features:
System calls are available for user-generated software
D20 peripheral firmware and processes
Support of libraries and processes for a wide range of I/O devices
Database manager facility (WESDAC Interface Node)
Background system diagnostics
Comprehensive diagnostic and maintenance facility support (WESMAINT)
1.11 Configuration and Maintenance Software

The D20/D200 is equipped with a range of maintenance utilities to assist the user in configuring,
testing and monitoring the system:
Config Pro, a PC-based tool for configuring D20/D200 hardware and software remotely over
a network or locally through the maintenance port.
LogicLinx, an IEC 61131-3 compliant soft logic automation tool comprising a executor
running in the D20/D200 firmware and PC-based editor for creating PLC-like programs.
WESMAINT is a maintenance facility that resides on the D20 and D200 accessed through a
simple terminal to view collected data and system status and, for some applications, make
changes to the configuration.
68K Monitor, an on-board advanced diagnostic tool accessed thorough a terminal interface
and used for troubleshooting, including memory examination, dumping and editing, setting
break points, and CPU usage and process profiling.
For a detailed description, see 3. Configuration and Maintenance Software.
1.12 System Documentation

A full suite of D20/D200 user documentation is provided with each system:
Hardware Manual, consisting of:

Hardware installation, operation and maintenance guides
Software Manual, consisting of:
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Software configuration guides

Maintenance utility user guides
Site-Specific Manual, consisting of:

Bills of Material
Rack layouts
Configuration tables
Termination lists
Cabling schematics
Module layout drawings (complete with wiring and jumper configuration instructions).
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2. Detailed Technical Description

This section describes the D20/D200 hardware and software design & operation in more detail.
2.1 Mechanical Design and Packaging

2.1.1 General
The design of the D20/D200 packaging was driven by the following electric utility requirements:
Environmental standards required by the power utility and resource industries
Compliance with worldwide industry standards
Maintainability Minimize the requirement for, and simplify, routine maintenance
Reliability Maximize the Mean Time Between Failure and minimize Mean Time To
Restore
Packaging efficiency
Safety
To achieve these requirements, D20/D200 packaging is based on:
Compact modules designed for industry-standard 19" (483 mm) rack mounting.
VME/Eurocard architecture
Front access provided on peripheral I/O modules for easy access to field terminations,
displays and auxiliary hardware
Electronics and logic circuits are easily removed from fixed I/O termination panels, without
powering down the equipment or disconnecting field termination
High-quality metal panels for all chassis, mountings, panels and terminations
Corrosion-resistant finishes and anodized parts, for resistance to rust, oxidization and
scratching
Gold-plated connectors and sockets where necessary, tin or nickel-palladium plated

connectors and sockets otherwise
Connectors, integrated circuit sockets and terminations providing secure positive connections
Separate termination boards for customer connections and serial I/O access
Standard screw compression-type terminal blocks, capable of terminating a single #12 AWG
[2.05mm] wire supplied for field I/O terminations. Optional DB25 connectors, removable
terminals or customer-specified terminal blocks provide flexible termination schemes.
Industry-standard FR-4 epoxy glass printed circuit boards, coated with solder mask
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Intermodule wiring mechanically protected and separated from field cabling
2.1.2 Enclosure
To meet specific customer requirements, GE offers a wide range of equipment enclosures,
including NEMA 1, 4, 4X and 12 standard wall-mount, freestanding or swing frame cabinets.
The standard cabinet color is beige. Custom colors (e.g. ASAG/gray) are available by request. As
well, a complete line of accessories, such as lighting, AC outlets, and door locks, are available as
options.
2.1.3 Chassis
D20/D200 chassis assemblies are 19 rack-mountable and based on Eurocard/VME
(VersaModular Eurocard) standards. The chassis provides mounting and interconnection for the
following D20 modules:
Main processors
Power supplies
Modems
Ethernet/Memory expansion
Media interface cards
Power switches, test points and indicators are mounted on the front of the D20 modules. Rearmounted back planes are used to interconnect the VME bus positions and to provide cable and
wire-harness interfaces.
Depending on your application, the following types of chassis are available:
D20 Chassis (non-VME)
D20 Chassis (VME)
D200 Chassis (VME)
2.1.3.1 D20 Chassis (non-VME)

The D20 chassis is a 3U horizontal slot chassis. Non-VME versions of the D20 provide a single
horizontal Eurocard slot, into which the D20ME board is installed:
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Figure 15 D20 Chassis (non-VME version)
The non-VME version of the D20 chassis is equipped with a rear-mounted termination board that
provides power connection and serial port access to the D20 system.
2.1.3.2 D20 Chassis (VME)

The VME version of the D20 chassis is equipped with five horizontal expansion slots for VMEcompatible modules:
Figure 16 D20 Chassis (VME version)
The VME version of the D20 chassis is equipped with a rear-mounted termination board for
power connections and serial ports for one processor board. An optional rack-mounted serial port
panel is available to support the seven serial ports on a second processor board.
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2.1.3.3 D200 Chassis

The D200 is a vertical-slot VME chassis, as shown in Figure 17.
Figure 17 D200 Chassis
The D200 chassis is equipped with a rear-mounted termination board for power connections and
serial-port access.
2.1.4 Peripheral I/O Module Assembly

D20 peripheral I/O modules consist of two separate assemblies - a logic panel and a field
termination panel. See Figure 18.
The logic panel contains all of the logic circuitry and active components in the peripheral I/O
module. The termination panel provides terminations for all field I/O, power, and maintenance
connections, as well as connection to the upstream and downstream D.20 links. The termination
panel is designed for flat mounting or 19 rack mounting.
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Acrylic Display
Cover
A
SD
WE
CL
el
Pan
c
i
og
Terminal Blocks
Metal Mounting
Plate
RM
TE
S
WE
tio
ina
m
r
Te
el
an
P
n
Figure 18 D20 Peripheral I/O Module
The logic panel is housed in a metal enclosure, which plugs directly into the termination panel.
The logic panel enclosure is faced with a semi-transparent acrylic cover, which allows the user to
monitor LED displays for various peripheral functions and field I/O points.
If a unit fails, the operator unplugs the failed logic panel and replaces it with a working unit
while the power remains on. Once the new unit is installed, the D20/D200 automatically
downloads the appropriate operating software and database parameters to the module to make it
operational.
2.1.5 Environmental
Typical operating temperature range of -10C to +55C and a relative humidity range of 0 to
95%, non-condensing.
Note: At higher extremes of the temperature and humidity operating ranges (i.e., when
temperature and humidity are both high), occasional errors may be observed on RS485/D.20 links; however, packets with errors are detected and retransmitted by the data
communications protocol. The net result is error-free communications.
Storage conditions, with equipment de-energised: temperature range of -40C to +80C (0C to
+70C for Graphics Display) and relative humidity less than 95%, non-condensing.
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2.2 Main Processor

D20ME and D20ME II, which are the main processors for the D20/D200, act as master
controllers over D20 peripheral I/O modules, which serve as slaves. The main processors
function as data concentrators and central processors of field data. The D20 I/O peripheral
modules perform the primary processing of data, which increases the speed and efficiency of the
D20, by reducing the workload on the main processor.
Note:
In the following sections, references to the D20ME apply also to the D20ME II,
unless explicitly stated.
2.2.1 Hardware
The D20ME is an advanced, single board, VME-bus-compatible central processing unit. It uses a
real-time multi-tasking operating system that supports all standard SCADA/EMS related
functions and advanced custom applications. It features high-speed CMOS logic devices that
ensure low power consumption, noise immunity and reliability.
CPU/CONTROL
2 D.20 HDLC Ports

SERIAL
I/O
Data Address and

Control Buses
7 RS-232 Ports
Wesmaint Port
Local Interrupts
INTERRUPT
CONTROL
VME Interrupts
MEMORY
VME BUS
INTERFACE
VME Bus
Figure 19 D20ME Block Diagram
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The D20ME consists of five distinct interacting circuit blocks, as shown in Figure 19.
CPU/Control performs data processing, device addressing and system control. The D20ME
uses an MC68030 32-bit microprocessor, which is capable of addressing up to four
megabytes of on-board memory or four gigabytes when used in conjunction with external
memory accessible via the VME bus interface. Also included in this block are address
decoding, clock and control signal generation, asynchronous control, power
monitor/watchdog timer/reset, status output port and diagnostic/debug facilities.
Memory consists of memory components and circuits. The D20ME uses boot EPROM and
three banks of four sets of memory devices (static RAM, non-volatile RAM, and flash)
providing up to 1.5 MB, 0.5 MB, and 2 MB respectively of on-board memory.
Interrupt Control consists of an interrupt handler designed specifically for the VME bus. It
operates in conjunction with a VME bus controller, and determines the importance of, and
controls, interrupts from the serial ports, the D.20 Link HDLC chip, and the real-time clock.
Serial I/O is the communications center of the D20ME. It consists of two D.20 HDLC
communications ports, one RS-232 9600 baud maintenance port and seven byte-oriented
asynchronous RS-232 communication ports. The seven serial ports, all of which are
programmable, are used for communication with SCADA/EMS master stations and/or other
serial devices, such as printers and IEDs. The HDLC port handles a bit-oriented D.20
protocol structure for communicating with the D20 I/O peripheral.
VME Bus Interface. The D20ME operates as the VME bus master to allow it to interface to,
control and arbitrate the VME bus.
2.2.2 D20/D200 Main Processor Specifications

Table 4 D20/D200 Main Processor Specifications
Item
CPU/Memory
Self Diagnostics
GE Information
Description
32-bit Freescale 68030 microprocessor
40 MHz MPU clock
Real-time clock, 1.0 ms resolution accurate to 2.0 ppm
On-board memory
2 MB Flash memory
2 MB SRAM (incl. 512 K battery back up)
512 KB BootROM
Program memory checksums
RAM test
Configuration verification
Interrupt controller verification
Serial port test
Watchdog and power monitor
Peripheral communication checks
Error logger
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Item
Communications
Description
Two HDLC ports for link to peripheral modules
The D20ME has seven programmable RS-232 serial ports for

communications to SCADA master, satellite RTUs and IEDs. The D20ME II
has seven programmable serial ports, any combination of RS-232 and RS485.
38,400 kbps on all 7 ports, all running half duplex & 100% utilization (D20ME
and D20ME II)
9600 baud, RS-232 maintenance port (D20ME and D20ME II)
Support leased/dial-up telephone lines, modems, 900 MHz radio, trunked

radio, spread spectrum radio, microwave, and fiber optic communications.
Power Requirements
Power consumption: 3.5 W typical, 5 W max.
Physical
LED indications: Run/Halt and System Fail
2.2.3 Firmware
The D20ME contains two types of firmware: BootROM and flash applications. BootROM
contains the software needed to start up a D20 and diagnostic applications. Application software
consists of a base system that includes the operating system, hardware-dependent software, and
applications that are modular and hardware-independent so they can run on multiple platforms
(D20, D25 and iBOX, for example).
2.2.3.1 BootROM
BootROM firmware is stored on an EPROM chip. The following types of programs are stored as
BootROM firmware:
Operating system
Boot-up (reset) code
Device drivers
IRQ controller initialization
Interrupt service procedures
Monitor functions
Root process
Watchdog task
Operating System
The D20ME operating system is pSOS. pSOS is a real-time, multi-tasking operating system
kernel, with the following features:
Integrated, multi-tasking with a structured efficient supervisory layer
Priority scheduling of processes in coordination with other tasks. User applications are
partitioned into sets of processes
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Inter-task communication and synchronization controlled from an efficient dedicated

functional group
Dynamic memory allocation and reclamation, using an enhanced, highly efficient, first-fit
algorithm
Real-time clock control managed via a service call from an external time base. The real-time
clock:
Maintains calendar time
Performs time slicing, which allows processes to pause
Supplies a time-out option to other service calls
Direct memory access support is not required
Efficient real-time responsiveness
Boot-Up Code
The D20 system initializes from the BootROM. It checks and verifies the contents of the
BootROM, then initializes the system hardware and various I/O devices. If it finds any errors or
defects in the memory, the system either shuts down to a minimum running state or, in the event
of serious defects, shuts down completely.
After the initial diagnostic routines are run, the boot-up code downloads the operating system
code into RAM so that it can be accessed more quickly. From this point on, all resident firmware
and supplied custom applications run from either 32-bit wide RAM or 32-bit wide flash. The
system and application databases are stored in NVRAM.
Device Drivers
The D20 uses two communication device drivers:
Octart serial I/O chip, which manages input and output through eight serial ports.
HDLC controller chip (dual-port), which forms part of the high-speed D.20 Link between
the D20ME and the D20 I/O peripherals.
68K Monitor Functions

Monitor functions include debugging tools that users can access via a PC, VT100 terminal with a
keyboard, or remotely via telnet. Monitor functions include memory examination, dumping and
editing, setting break points, single-step modes, communication port loop-back tests, mark and
space modem adjustments, and CPU usage and process profiling.
Watchdog Task
Watchdog is a simple, low-priority task that is designed to send a reset signal to the
watchdog timer circuit. As long as this circuit is reset every second, the system will not be
rebooted. The D20 performs standard self-checks on initial start-up, periodically during
operation, and as manually requested through WESMAINT.
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2.2.3.2 Base Applications

The D20 base system includes the following applications:
WESDAC Interface Node (WIN)
WESMAINT
System library resources
Base applications, which are stored in flash memory, can be classified as one of the following:
Data Collection Applications (DCAs), which poll devices to collect data.
Data Processing Applications (DPAs), which request and process data required by a
host/master computer.
Data Translation Applications (DTAs), which manipulate data inside the RTU to generate
new information, translate data to different formats, or take action when certain events occur.
WESDAC Interface Node

The WESDAC Interface Node (WIN) is the central database for the D20/D200. WIN manages
the transfer, storage and manipulation of data between DCAs, DPAs, and DTAs. WIN sends
requests for data to, and receives new data from, DCAs, then stores the new data in the system
database. WIN also receives requests for data from, and sends data to, DPAs, and routes data
output operation requests from DPAs to DCAs.
WESMAINT
WESMAINT is a maintenance facility that resides on the D20 and D200. For a more detailed
description, see section 3.3, WESMAINT
System Library Resources
The system library resources are collections of commonly used functions that assist programmers
in the development of new code. There are several libraries available for the D20.
D.20 Link Subsystem
The D.20 Link subsystem is a DCA that polls data from the D20 I/O peripheral modules, and
then routes that data to WIN. It also asks the peripherals to perform any output operation
requests that it receives from WIN. These communication transactions properly package the data
and send or receive it over the D.20 Link.
The D.20 Link subsystem, which is known as the peripheral scan process, works with the D.20
Link driver to communicate with peripheral modules. The D.20 process formats the data
according to the requirements of the D.20 protocol then calls the HDLC driver, which provides
the actual hardware interface between the D20ME and the I/O peripherals.
2.2.4 Time Synchronization

The D20ME/ME II can be used as an accurate timeserver for synchronizing the clocks of
substation equipment connected to the D20 Ethernet or serial ports.
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One of the D20ME/ME II serial ports is connected to the demodulated IRIG B port (IRIG,
InterRange Instrumentation Group) of a GPS receiver (or other device), as illustrated in Figure
20. The D20ME/ME II obtains accurate time information from the GPS receiver then regularly
distributes this information to the connected substation devices that require it. For example, the
D20ME/ME II can operate as an SNTP (Simple Network Time Protocol) server, distributing
time information to devices that are equipped with SNTP clients.
GPS Satellites
GPS Reciever
IRIG-B
D20ME Processor
Distribution of time information to

substation devices and peripherals
Figure 20 D20/D200 Time Synchronization
To support time synchronization, the D20/D200 must be able to support the devices protocol,
and the devices protocol must support time synchronization.
A sample of the demodulated IRIG B protocol is shown in Figure 21.
10
20
Seconds
1
30
Minutes
10 20 40
P0
Hours
10 20 40
P1
50
40
P2
60
Day
1
10 20
10 20 40 80
P3
70
80
P5
90
100
Time of Day
20
.01 sec
(Typical)
100 200
P4
Control Functions
P6
50
P7
P8
8 msec
Reference
Marker
26
27 28
29 210 211 212 213 214 215 216

P9
5 msec
Binary '0'
(Typical)
P10
2 msec
Binary '1'
(Typical)
Figure 21 Demodulated IRIG B Signal
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The IRIG B format supports the time of day (hours, minutes, seconds) and the day of the year.
The day of the year is the elapsed day starting from January 1st, and is reported as a number from
1 to 365 (366 for leap years). Year information is not provided by the IRIG B signal. Accuracy to
milliseconds is obtained by tagging the leading edge of the pulse train to the time defined by the
pulse train.
2.3 Ethernet/Memory Expansion (EME) Kit

expansion. If you install multiple D20ME or D20ME II main processors in the D20 or D200
VME chassis, you will need to install a D20EME Ethernet/Memory Expansion module to
provide shared memory.
The D20EME allows VME-based D20 and D200 systems to be connected directly to any
10 Mbps Ethernet-based network. Available configurations of the D20EME module include:
Ethernet only
Memory only
Ethernet and Memory
Memory configurations come equipped with 8 MB of battery-backed static RAM. This additional
memory increases the amount of historical data, and the size of the database, that can be
maintained by the D20/D200. Memory capacity can be upgraded to 16 MB, through the
installation of an additional memory module.
Ethernet configurations are equipped with two independent 10 Mbps Ethernet channels. A Media
Interface Card provides the physical Ethernet interface. Several versions of the MIC are
available, depending on the Ethernet format.
Table 5 D20/D200 Ethernet Media Types
36
10BASE-T
Provides two RJ-45 connectors for connecting to CAT5,

or greater, UTP cabling
10BASE2
Provides two BNC connectors for connecting to thin coax

cabling
10BASE-FL
Provides two ST-style connectors for directly connecting

to a single or multi-mode glass or plastic fiber optic cable
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2.4 I/O Peripheral Modules

The D20/D200 design is based on a distributed-processing architecture. As a result, the real-time
data acquisition and control software that interfaces with field points is installed on peripheral
modules, rather than on the main processor unit.
These I/O peripherals are intelligent modules that contain on-board microprocessors. They are
configured as slaves to the D20/D200 main processor. In this way, specific I/O processing is
distributed throughout the RTU to the appropriate I/O module.
D20 I/O peripherals communicate with the D20/D200 through a high speed, high-level data link
controller (D.20 Link) in the form of poll and response messages. The peripheral modules have a
serial communications port and a variable number of field connections.
The hardware construction of each module is similar (see Figure 18.) Each peripheral module
has common code stored in EPROM and a unique application configuration stored in RAM. The
base application code is stored on the D20/D200. At power up, the configuration and application
code are downloaded to the peripheral module from the D20/D200 main processor.
2.4.1 Types of I/O Peripherals

There are five basic types of I/O peripheral modules:
D20S digital input
D20A analog input
D20K control output
D20C combination input/output
D20AC direct AC analog input
I/O peripheral modules are available with a variety of I/O point count support and termination
options. The following is a listing of the various D20 I/O peripherals that are currently available
from GE Energy:
Table 6 D20/D200 I/O Peripherals
Peripheral
I/O Support
Termination
D20A
32 analog inputs, standard version
Compression
D20AD
DB25
D20AX
Disconnect
D20AB
Barrier
D20AZ
32 analog inputs, high-voltage version
Compression
D20S
64 digital inputs, standard version
Compression
D20SD
DB25
D20SX
Disconnect
D20SB
Barrier
D20SZ
64 digital inputs, high-voltage version
Compression
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Peripheral
GE Digital Energy
I/O Support
Termination
D20K
32 Control Outputs, arranged as 32 Trip/Close, 32 individual control, 16

Raise/Lower pairs, or combinations thereof, standard version.
Compression
D20KR

DB25
D20KX

Disconnect
D20K4Z

Raise/Lower pairs, or combinations thereof, high-voltage version.
Compression
D20C
16 digital inputs, 8 digital outputs, optional 16 analog inputs or 8 analog inputs and
8 analog outputs, standard version.
Compression
D20CD
DB25
D20CX
Disconnect
D20CB
Barrier
D20C4Z
8 analog outputs, high-voltage version.
Compression
2.4.2 Termination Types

Standard D20 I/O peripherals can be ordered with the following field termination options:
Compression: Field wiring is terminated directly onto board-mounted screw terminal

compression blocks (#12 AWG [2.05mm] max, blade screwdriver - 0.6 x 3.5 x 100 mm) on
the D20 I/O Peripheral, as illustrated below:
Figure 23 D20 I/O Peripheral - Compression Termination
DB25: Field wiring is terminated onto the D20 I/O peripheral through DB25 connectors, as
illustrated below:
Figure 24 D20 I/O Peripheral DB25 Termination
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Disconnect: Field wiring is terminated onto plug-on terminator blocks (#12 AWG [2.05mm]
max, blade screwdriver - 0.6 x 3.5 x 100 mm), which then mate with board-mounted headers
on the D20 I/O Peripheral. This is illustrated in Figure 25, with the board-mounted header
shown on the right, and the cable plug shown on the left.
Figure 25 D20 I/O Peripheral Disconnect Termination
Barrier: Field wiring is terminated onto barrier terminals (#10 AWG [2.59mm] max, #6-32
screws) on the D20 I/O peripheral, as illustrated below:
Figure 26 D20 I/O Peripheral Barrier Termination
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2.4.3 Hardware
D20 I/O peripherals consist of four distinct circuit blocks, as shown in Figure 27.
D20 A
32 Analog Inputs
MCU CONTROL
D20 S
64 Digital Inputs
Data Address and
Control Buses
I/O
D20 K
32 Control Outputs
D20C
16 Digital Inputs
8 Control Outputs
Optional:
16 Analog Inputs or
8 Analog Inputs and
8 Analog Outputs
20 - 60 VDC
POWER
SUPPLY
+12 V
-12 V
+5 V
Channel 1
D.20 HDLC Ports
SERIAL I/O
Channel 2
(backup)
Maintenance
Port
Figure 27 D20 Peripheral I/O Block Diagram
The fourth block, Input/Output, is specific to the function of the module. The circuit blocks are:
MCU/Control: Performs data processing and storage, device addressing and system control.
Consists of an 8-bit microcontroller (MCU), address decoding, control signal generation,
clock generation, power monitor/reset, module ID and memory.
Serial I/O: Consists of the D.20 communication and maintenance ports.
Power Supply: Accepts an input voltage of 20 to 60 V DC, provided from either the host
D20 power supply or an external power source, and supplies a regulated output of +5 V and
+/-12 VDC.
Input/Output: Controls and reads all digital or analog inputs, and controls and monitors all
digital outputs, as directed by the MCU.
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2.4.3.1 Status Indicators

All D20 I/O Modules are equipped with the following LEDs:
LED
Description
ON (GREEN)
On solid when power is applied.
RUN (GREEN)
With the FAULT LED, provides information about the units operating status.
TX1 (GREEN)
Flashes when D.20 1 data is transmitted by the I/O module.
RX1 (GREEN)
Flashes when D.20 1 data data is received by the I/O module.
TX2 (GREEN)
Flashes when D.20 2 data is transmitted by the I/O module.
RX2 (GREEN)
Flashes when D.20 2 data data is received by the I/O module.
FAULT (RED)
With the RUN LED, provides information about the units operating status.
In addition to the above, each D20 I/O Module is equipped with module-specific status
indicators.
2.4.4 Firmware
There are two main types of peripheral I/O software: common code and base-application code.
Similar to the D20 main processor software, peripheral software is installed as firmware on the
modules. Common code is resident in the peripheral modules, and device-specific base
applications are stored in the D20 main processor then downloaded to the peripheral modules at
boot-up.
2.4.4.1 Common Code

Common-code firmware in the peripheral modules is much like the BootROM firmware in the
D20 main processor. The common code manages functions common to all peripheral units,
specifically the input and output through communications and diagnostic ports. It also performs
diagnostic checks of peripheral hardware.
Common code, which is stored in a 32K EPROM (labeled pcommon), remains active after a
restart, whether or not the base-application code has been downloaded to the peripheral unit. This
allows the peripheral unit to communicate and respond to D20/D200 requests, even without its
device-specific base-application code loaded. However, peripheral module responses have an
abbreviated format unless the application code is loaded.
The common code includes the following processes:
Real-time executive
Watchdog and reset code
Diagnostics
Device drivers
Communications
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Common code interface
Maintenance facility and monitor
Library resources.
Real-Time Executive
The operating system of the peripheral units is a real-time executive, which controls process
scheduling, and resource and interrupt management. The real-time executive controls three basic
processes: watchdog, diagnostics and maintenance facility. It also controls some application
processes downloaded from the D20/D200.
The real-time executive supports pausing, time-outs and suspension of the maintenance process
while maintenance port operations are in progress. A limited number of monitor (debugging)
functions are available as development tools for creating new code for peripherals.
Watchdog and Reset Code
The 68HC11 microcomputer chip on the peripherals includes a built-in watchdog to help protect
against software failures. The reset code also performs the initialization in the peripherals.
Diagnostics
The diagnostic processes, governed by the real-time executive, include a sub-routine that
performs checks specific to the peripheral type.
Device Drivers
Peripheral modules have two device drivers:
Serial Port, a serial communications interface which allows the connection of a VT100
terminal or PC for running maintenance facilities.
HDLC drives the HDLC protocol controller for the D.20 Link between the D20 main
processor and I/O peripherals.
Peripheral Communications
The resident peripheral communication process functions continuously, requesting and receiving
data from the I/O peripherals, then forwarding these over the HDLC link to the D20 main
processor. Module-specific applications and configurations are downloaded to the D20 I/O
peripherals as required. Communication failures between the D20 main processor and D20 I/O
peripherals are logged and reported to the master if required.
Common Code Interface
The Common Code Interface provides quick and easy access to various programs making up the
peripheral common code. This interface reduces the size of the application code that is
downloaded from the D20/D200 by using a jump-table at a fixed address in the peripheral
module. The jump-table accesses the peripheral module library resources, executive entry points,
display functions and keyboard input/output for the maintenance port.
Promaint
Similar to WESMAINT on the D20 main processor, Promaint is the maintenance facility for the
peripheral modules. Promaint combines maintenance and monitor functions. The maintenance
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portion is used to view data, or to verify that the module is functioning correctly by, for example,
forcing a control point and then checking to see whether the control operation took effect.
The monitor facility is designed to interpret commands from the maintenance port, such as
storing data to memory. It can also execute various application-dependent commands once an
application program has been downloaded from the D20/D200.
Library Resources
The peripheral module library resources contain several general-purpose conversion routines.
2.4.4.2 Base-Application Code

There is base-application code for each type of peripheral module. Each base application
contains code for the following functions:
Communication interface routines
Diagnostics
Application-specific maintenance
Specific field input/output.
These functions are initiated by a separate clock source or hardware-driven IRQ rather than by
the real-time executive.
The base-application code is stored in the EPROM (labeled pcommon) on the D20 main
processor and downloaded to the peripheral modules, where it is stored in RAM, along with a
checksum for verification purposes. A base-application database (unique to each peripheral type)
is downloaded to the peripherals at the same time. Peripheral base applications communicate
with the D20 main processor through the common code communications process, then over the
D.20 Link.
2.4.5 I/O Processing

D20 I/O peripherals provide specialized processing and storing/buffering functions for digital
inputs, analog inputs, control outputs, analog outputs, pulse accumulator inputs and
combinations of these, by gathering data from field sources or acting as an output unit to
interface with field devices.
I/O processing provides flexible, reliable, robust operation and is configurable on a per-point or
per-system basis. See Table 7. A detailed description of I/O processing is discussed in the
following sections in more detail for each module type.
Table 7 I/O Processing
Type
Digital Output
GE Information
Description
Configurable control type, security and rules
Support simultaneous control of digital outputs
Request queuing
Request repetition
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Digital Input
Analog Input
GE Digital Energy
Software debouncing
Chatter filtering
Report limiting
Line noise filtering
Deadbanding
2.4.6 D20S Digital Input Peripheral
Figure 28 D20S Digital Input Peripheral
The D20S Digital Input Peripheral, illustrated above, obtains and processes digital input states
from field devices. Changes of state in the digital inputs are reported to the D20 main processor
for further processing, over the high-speed D.20 Link.
Note: D20C peripherals are also able to process digital inputs. Digital input processing on the
D20C is the same as that on the D20 S. More information on the D20C is provided in
section 2.4.10 , D20C Combination I/O Peripheral.
The D20S logic module plugs directly into a D20S termination panel equipped with screw
compression type terminals for field terminations. The D20S termination panel is jumper
configurable, so that contact wetting can be supplied from either the D20S power source or from
an external source. Wetting voltage is fused and monitored.
The D20S can accept up to 64 digital inputs, each of which can be configured from a
downloaded database to be processed as one of the following:
Status and alarm inputs
Status inputs with change of state detection (COS)
Sequence of events (SOE) using time-tagged COS
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Binary-Coded Decimal or parallel inputs
Pulse accumulator or counter inputs
Pulse duration inputs.
The 64 digital inputs are organized in eight groups of eight electrically isolated inputs, each
group with a common return. Each input is photo coupled and can accept inputs of 24, 48 or 130
V DC of any polarity. The microprocessor scans each input at one millisecond intervals and
provides selectable debounce of 4 to 255 ms. Changes are time-tagged to a resolution of one
millisecond and placed in a first in - first out (FIFO) buffer for transmission to the D20 main
processor. Refer to Figure 29.
Time-tagged changes are reported in chronological order. Non-time-tagged changes are placed in
a separate FIFO buffer and reported upon request. An anti-chatter filter function prevents one or
more chattering points from filling the FIFO buffer. Each COS and SOE FIFO buffer is 256
events long.
D20S Logic Section

Buffer, Opto
Steering
Interface
D20S Termination Board

Input Voltage
Option
SWC and
Impulse
Protection
Input
1-8
9 - 16
17 - 24
Parallel
Peripheral
Interface
25 - 32
33 - 40
PPI
41 - 48
49 - 56
57 - 64
Figure 29 D20S Digital Input Peripheral Block Diagram
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2.4.6.1 D20S Digital Input Processing

The following digital input processing is carried out by the D20S:
Software Debouncing: Used to verify that a digital input point has actually changed state.
Two levels of software debouncing are provided:
First-level debouncing, which can be provided on a per-point basis, is used to filter
glitches and contact bounce. The first-level debounce period can be configured, on a perpoint basis, to any value between 0 and 255 ms, in 1 ms increments.
Second-level debouncing is used to qualify data that has been first-level debounced. The
input state must remain stable through the second-level debounce period, configurable on
an individual point basis, before a valid change will be reported.
Chatter Filtering: A digital input is disabled if the number of state changes encountered
during a defined time interval is excessively high. While the chatter filter is ON, all state
transitions are ignored. While it is OFF, state transitions are gated through. Reports are
issued whenever the chatter filter state changes from ON to OFF, or from OFF to ON. The
filter period is programmable, on a per-system basis, from 6 to 65535 ms, in increments of 1
ms. The lock-out period, which defines the minimum number of filter periods during which
the chatter filter is ON, is programmable on a per-point basis, from 0 to 65535, in increments
of 1 ms. The maximum expected number of state transitions is programmable, on a per-point
basis, from 0 to 255, in increments of 1 ms.
Report Limiting: You can specify the minimum number of state transitions that must occur
before a report is sent. The minimum number of state transitions can be programmed, on a
per-point basis, to any value between 0 and 255 ms, in increments of 1 ms. If it is set to 0, a
report will be issued every time a state transition occurs.
2.4.6.2 D20S Base Application

The base application on the D20S controls four main functions:
Field Input Scanning collects data about the status of various field points, records debounce
changes, controls filtering, time-tags various changes, and queues them in a change-of-state
queue for processing. The input scan period is 1 millisecond, and the state of all 64 points is
recorded during each scan.
Field Input Processing processes the changes of state (recorded during the scan process)
that are queued. The results of processing are either buffered COS, SOE or transition counts
for accumulator inputs.
Communication Interface, with the D20 main processor, consists of a set of interfacefunction address tables that are downloaded with the base-application code. The addressed
functions are application controls and data transfer functions.
Maintenance Interface consists of a set of interface-function address tables containing

addresses for maintenance and diagnostic process functions.
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2.4.6.3 D20S Specifications

Table 8 D20S Specifications
Item
Description
Processor
8-bit Freescale 68HC11 MPU
Clock
2 MHz MPU clock
Memory
32 KB EPROM
24 KB static RAM
512 bytes EEPROM
Inputs
64 bipolar inputs in 8 groups of 8
Point Types
Status/alarm with COS detection
SOE
Form A or Form C pulse accumulator (16-bit binary

counter)
Binary coded decimal
Pulse duration
Current Burden
3 to 6 mA per input
Scan Rate
1.0 ms
Debounce
Selectable 0 to 255 ms
SOE Time Resolution
1.0 ms
Contact Wetting
12, 24, 48, 125 V
Overload Rating
500 VDC (common mode to ground)
Component Isolation Rating
1500 Vrms
Dielectric Rating
1000 VDC
D.20 Link Ports
Maintenance Port
9600 baud, RS-232
Power Requirements
20-60 VDC, 3 W typical
Size
19" x 5.25" x 2.5"
LED Indicators
Common LEDs, described in Section 2.2.1 , Hardware.
For each input point, a RED LED to indicate the ON/OFF

state of the point.
2.4.6.4 D20S Options

The following D20S termination board options are currently available:
Table 9 D20S Options
GE Part Number
Description
507-0101
WESDAC D20S (20-60 VDC) standard.
507-0103
WESDAC D20SHV2 (40-150 VDC) high-voltage.
517-0165
D20S 64 channel digital input termination board with compression blocks.
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GE Part Number
Description
517-0179
D20SD 64 channel digital input termination board with DB25 connectors.
517-0219
D20SX 64 channel digital input termination board with separable compression blocks.
517-0327
D20SB 64 channel input termination board with barrier strips.
517-0330
D20SDI 24V, 64 channel digital input termination board with DB25 connectors
517-0331
517-0262
517-0241
D20SZ 48V, 64 channel digital input, high voltage termination board with compression
blocks.
517-0249
D20SZ 110V, 64 channel digital input, high voltage termination board with
compression blocks.
517-0266
D20SZ 220V, 64 channel digital input, high voltage termination board with
compression blocks.
2.4.7 D20A Analog Input Peripheral
Figure 30 D20A Analog Input Peripheral
The D20A Analog Input Peripheral, illustrated above, is a 32-point analog input interface
module. The D20A, which is capable of processing standard voltage and current inputs
continuously, has the following features:
Programmable Input Ranges: A programmable gain instrument amplifier permits

programming of voltage input ranges. Ranges are stored in RAM on a per-point basis. (+/- 1,
+/-5, +/- 10 V scale).
Variable Scan Rate: Programmable scan rate from 17.2 to 20.5 ms (50/60 Hz) on a per
module basis.
32 Differential Analog Inputs and eight internal references using synchronous integratingtype analog-to-digital (A/D) converters
A/D Conversion provides excellent normal-mode rejection characteristics while maintaining

very good response times (approximately 550 ms total).
The D20A logic module plugs directly into a D20A termination panel, which provides three
screw compression type terminals for each input (+, -, shield) and sockets for analog scaling
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networks. Provision is made for configuring analog loop supplies from the D20A power source,
or externally. Loop voltage is fused.
The analog input section consists of a filter and solid-state multiplexer, a variable-gain amplifier,
an integrating voltage-to-frequency converter, a programmable timer, a CPU time register and
miscellaneous support circuitry. Figure 31 is a block diagram of the analog input peripheral.
D20A Logic Section
D20A Termination Board
Opto
Input
Select
Precision
Scaling
Resistors
Filter and
Analog Mux
SWC and
Impulse
Protection
Input
1-8
9 - 16
PPI
17 - 24
PGA
Ranges
0.5
1
5
Opto
Gain
Select
25 - 32
Voltage
References
0, +/-1, +/-5, +/-10
Temperature
Transducer
Reference
PGA
PTM
Voltage to
Frequency
Converter
MCU
SYNC
OPTO
PPR
Analog Input Ranges

10 V 50 mA
5 V 20 mA
1 V 10 mA
5 mA
1 mA
Legend
MCU.......... Microcontroller Unit
OPTO........ Optical Isolator
PTM...........Programmable Timer Module
PPI............ Parallel Peripheral Interface
PPR...........Pulse Position Resolver
OPTO
+12V
Switch Mode
Power Supply
50/60 Hz
Clock
Figure 31 D20A Analog Input Peripheral Block Diagram
2.4.7.1 Analog Conversion Process

Figure 32 provides an overview of the analog conversion process.
INPUT
ADAPTER
AMPLIFIER
DIVIDER
VOLTAGE TO
FREQUENCY
AUTO-ZERO
Figure 32 Analog Conversion Process
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Analog Inputs
The D20A analog input module is capable of handling 32 differential analog inputs. The
conversion process is performed using a +/- 5 V full scale voltage only, with a software
controlled programmable gain amplifier providing full-scale input voltage ranges of +/- 1.0 V,
+/- 5.0 V and +/- 10 V on any input. Any required current input is accommodated using precision
shunt-resistor analog-scaling networks on each input. Adaptors at the input of each analog point
convert current and unusual voltage inputs to the required 1, 5 or 10 V full-scale input. Refer to
the Index for a list of available analog input adapters.
Conversion
After the input has been appropriately scaled, it is fed into a voltage-to-frequency converter. To
reject line noise (NMR), the output frequency is counted over a 50 or 60 Hz period (user
configurable). This value is compared to the microprocessor count over the same period to obtain
a raw analog count. It is this raw analog value that is converted to a 14-bit (plus sign) number
(the digitized raw analog value) representing the input voltage. The microprocessor can convert
all of the 32 inputs within a scan period of 550 ms (60 Hz) to 656 ms (50 Hz.)
Voltage References
The D20A uses a high-precision voltage reference chip to provide seven on-board references for
auto-calibration. After a specified number of scans (user configurable), the microprocessor
converts each of the references. The new calculated reference values are then stored over the
previously converted values in the reference data table. If the new values are within a certain
range (user configurable) of the old values, they are kept. If they are out of this range, an error is
reported.
Auto Zero
Eight internal references, which include a temperature reference, provide auto zero and auto
calibration functions. This results in an accuracy and temperature stability of the module equal to
the internal precision voltage reference.
The calculation used to obtain the digitized raw analog value (during the conversion process)
would normally be based on a linear curve like Line A shown in Figure 33. Due to temperature,
gain and offset inaccuracies, the curve may be slightly non-linear (Line B, exaggerated for
demonstration purposes). The D20 minimizes this error by a technique called three-point
linearity correction. By separately calculating the linearity difference (slope m) of the 0 to +5 V
and 0 to -5 V ranges, the software can use a different equation for either positive or negative
values.
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Line C: Y = m2X + b2
Y
Line A: Y = m1X + b1
+16383
Digitized
Raw
Analog
0000
Line B
-16383
25
45
Frequency (kHz)
Figure 33 Three-point Linearity Correction
2.4.7.2 D20A Analog Input Processing

The following analog input processing is carried out by the D20A:
Line Noise Filtering: Filters 50 or 60 Hz line noise, configurable on a per-system basis.
Deadbanding: Technique used to virtually reduce the resolution of analog input points.
Deadbanding maps the set of all possible measured values to a smaller set of reported values.
The number of bits removed from the analog input values is configurable, on a per-point
basis, from 0 to 13.
2.4.7.3 D20A Base Application

The base application of the D20A controls four main functions:
Analog Multiplexing and Inputting: Field inputs and reference points are multiplexed.
Inputs are scaled by a programmable gain amplifier then fed into a voltage-to-frequency
converter that is part of the analog-to-digital conversion circuitry. From the output of this
converter, a digitized analog input is derived.
Analog Processing of the raw analog input data, using two different methods, depending on
whether the data comes from a field point or a reference point. There are full-scale voltage
range reference points for every group of 32 analog inputs.
If the data comes from a reference point, it is compared to a reference value stored in
EEPROM of the microprocessor. If it is too far out of range, it is stored in a reference table
and marked as an error. If the data is within range, it is stored as the new reference table.
If the data comes from a field point, it is compared against its corresponding full-scale
reference value. If it is over range, it is noted as such and is set to a value of 16383. If it is
under range, it is noted as such and is set to a value of -16383.
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Communication Interface with D20ME consists of data control and formatting functions
that are called by common code using application interface tables. The formatting functions
place the requested data into an addressed buffer.
Maintenance Interface implements several maintenance and diagnostic commands.
2.4.7.4 D20A Specifications

Table 10 D20A Specifications
Item
Processor
Clock
2 MHz MPU clock
Memory
32 KB EPROM
24 KB static RAM
512 bytes EEPROM
Inputs
52
Description
32 differential inputs (typical):
5, 10 V
1, 2.5, 5, 10, 20 mA
Input Impedance
44 Mohm 5% (VDC)
Overall Accuracy
0.05% (voltage), 0.1% (current)
Temperature Coefficient
10 ppm per C
Resolution
14-bit plus sign
Conversion Rate (all 32 inputs)
550 ms @ 60 Hz
656 ms @ 50 Hz
Over voltage Rating
35 VDC
Overload Rating
200 V pp 5 V input common mode (50/60 Hz)
Common Mode Rejection (60 Hz)
95 dB 5 V
90 dB 10 V
Normal Mode Rejection (60 Hz)
60 dB
1500 Vrms
Dielectric Rating
1000 VDC
D.20 Link Ports
Maintenance Port
9600 baud, RS-232
Power Requirements
20-60 VDC, 7 W typical
Size
19" x 5.25" x 2.5"
LED Indicators
RED binary point LEDs, indicating the analog point that is

currently being read.
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2.4.7.5 D20A Options

The following D20A termination board options are currently available:
Table 11 D20A Options
GE Part Number
Description
511-0101
WESDAC D20A (20-60 VDC) standard.
511-0103
WESDAC D20AHV2 (40-150 VDC) high-voltage.
517-0163
D20A 32 channel termination board with compression blocks.
517-0178
D20AD 32 channel termination board with DB25 connectors.
517-0216
D20AX 32 channel termination board with separable compression blocks.
517-0328
D20AB 32 channel termination board with barrier strips.
517-0240
D20AZ 32 channel, high voltage termination board with compression blocks.
517-0364
D20AZ 32 channel, high voltage termination board with separable compression blocks.
2.4.8 D20K Control Output Peripheral
Figure 34 D20K Control Output Peripheral
The D20K is a 32-point control output interface module. The 32 output drivers can be arranged
in several hardware/software configurations, depending on the system requirements. The D20K
ensures secure operation of the control output interface. All control actions requested by the
D20/D200 are initiated, timed, reset and validated by the D20K.
The D20K logic module plugs directly into a D20K termination panel, which is equipped with
field terminations. The D20K termination panel consists of 32 momentary control relays plus
two Master Trip and Close relays. The Master Trip and Close relay contacts are wired in series
with the point-select relay contacts controlling the output power for each point.
The D20K also provides a Local/Remote switch and control output fusing. The Local/Remote
switch is a manually operated switch used to disable D20K relay coil power during maintenance.
An off-line indication is passed to the D20 main processor, which is available as a pseudo status
to the host.
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2.4.8.1 Control Output Configurations

The D20K can have one of the following control output configurations:
32 Trip/Close pairs
24 Trip/Close and 4 Raise/Lower pairs
16 Raise/Lower pairs
32 Isolated Form-C contact control outputs
32 Isolated open-drain outputs.
Hardware and software can also be configured to provide a wide range of control output
schemes, including parallel, pulse duration, pulse trains, and latched-output applications.
Control output duration is software-adjustable from 1 to 215 ms in one-millisecond increments,
on a per-point basis (protocol dependent). The D20K software also supports discrete timed/latch
relay functionality.
2.4.8.2 Interposing Relays

For applications requiring heavy-duty control ratings, the D20K can be configured with
interposing relays. A standard D20KI interposing relay panel, equipped with P&B KUEP and
KUP interposing relays (10 A at 150 V DC and 10 A at 240V AC respectively), is used in
conjunction with a D20KR termination panel. P&B KUL latch relays can also be used. See also
section 2.4.9 , Interposing Relay Panel.
Each D20KI, equipped with 16 relays, can be configured to supply 16 momentary, 8 trip/close or
8 raise/lower control outputs.
2.4.8.3 D20K Control Output Processing

The following control output processing is carried out by the D20K:
Control Options: Individual digital outputs can be controlled immediately, or by using an

arm execute (select before execute or select before operate) handshake. The arm time-out is
programmable, on a per-system basis, to any value between 100 and 255 ms, in 1 ms
increments.
Hardware Control Security: Several levels of hardware control security are supported:
Single relay control
Master trip or master close relay, used in conjunction with the select relay (higher
hardware security)
Interposer relay protection, used in conjunction with the master and select relays (highest
hardware security)
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Control Rules:
If two requests are destined for the same digital output point, they will not be applied
concurrently; instead, they will be applied sequentially. (Control requests can be
conducted concurrently, but only if one of the requests requires a master relay.).
If two requests requiring master relays are destined for different digital output points,
they can be conducted concurrently, as long as each request is associated with a different
set of master relays.
Simultaneous Digital Output Points: D20/D200 peripherals support the simultaneous

control of digital output points, where these output points must be operated at precisely the
same time.
Request Queuing: Control operations can be queued, where this is required by the
application.
Request Repetition: Control pulse trains can be generated, where this is required by the
application.
2.4.8.4 D20K Base Application

The base application of the D20K controls five main functions:
Control Block Processor makes the control blocks active, sets a timer if, required, and sets
bits in the relay driver to activate the relay on the next pass of the relay driver.
Relay Driver is an interrupt-driven routine that runs every 500 s to check the status of the
relay coils. The Local/Remote switch physically cuts driver power to control relays,
preventing operations in the local position. Once the switch is placed back in remote mode,
normal operations resume. The relay driver also writes to the two relay-state tables, and reads
back and verifies what has been written to the tables.
Timer System is a linked-list timer that looks after the timing functions required by this
application (e.g. timing of arm messages).
Communication Interface is a set of address tables and functions that implement

communication requests. Arm and Execute messages are used for all trip/close operations.
Maintenance Interface consists of functions that provide background and on-line

application diagnostics, application initialization, and maintenance displays through the
maintenance port.
Failure Detection detects loss of relay drive power, interposing power loss, and failure of an
output driver.
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2.4.8.5 D20K Specifications

Table 12 D20K Specifications
Item
Description
Processor
Clock
2 MHz MPU clock
Memory
32 KB EPROM
24 KB static RAM
512 bytes EEPROM
32 open collector drivers for relays
Four additional open collector drivers for dedicated Master

Trip/Close and Test Breaker relays
Momentary (fixed)
Latching
Trip/Close (T/C)
Raise/Lower (R/L)
Pulse duration
Pulse train
32 T/C pairs
24 T/C + 4 R/L pairs
16 R/L pairs
32 isolated Form-C contact outputs
Optional 32 isolated open-drain outputs, rated 150 mA @

60VDC
Control Outputs
Output Types
Non-matrixed output configurations
Contact ratings & types (typical)
D20K:
Momentary relays: 60 W max, 3 A max, 220 VDC max. (1

Form C or A)
D20KI:
56
Interposing relays: 10 A @ 150 VDC (1 Form X), 5 A @

150 VDC (2 Form A), 3 A @ 150 VDC (2 Form C)
Interposing relays: 10 A @ 28 VDC (2 Form C or A)
PRD Series Relays:
PRD3, 20 A @ 125VDC, 1 Form X
PRD11, 20 A @ 125VDC, 2 Form C, 24VDC coil
PRD11, 20 A @ 125VDC, 2 Form C, 48VDC coil
Latching interposing relays: 10 A @ 28 VDC or 240 VAC (2

Form C)
Interposing relays (heavy duty): 20 A @ 125 VDC, 30 A @

240 VAC (1 Form A)
Coil Status Check
Every 500 s
Contact Duration
Programmable 1 to 2
dependent)
Switches
Local Enable/Disable Switch
PRPI-019-3.00-6
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ms in 1 ms intervals (protocol
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Item
Description
1500 Vrms
Dielectric Rating
1000 VDC
D.20 Link Ports
Maintenance Port
9600 baud, RS-232
Power Requirements
20-60 VDC, 4 W typical at 24 V, 11 W max. at 24 V with all

relays energized
Size
D20K logic board and D20K relay termination board

assembly: 19" x 5.25" x 2.5"
D20KI1 interposing relay board (compression terminals):

19" x 5.25"
D20KI2 interposing relay board (barrier terminals): 19" x 7"
D20KR termination board for D20KI1/D20KI2: 19" x 5.25"
D20KI-OPC (517-0215): Interposing relay panel for

D20SD and D20CD, equipped with sliding link terminal
blocks.
Local (GREEN) LED, which turns on when the I/O module

is set to Local module using the Local/Remote switch, or if
the modules control software has been disabled.
Remote (RED), which turns on when the module is in

Remote mode.
Control points (RED), which turn on when the particular

control point is enabled.
LED Indicators
2.4.8.6 D20K Options

The following D20K options are currently available:
Table 13 D20K Options
GE Part Number
Description
508-0101
WESDAC D20K (20-60 VDC) standard.
508-0103
WESDAC D20KHV (40-150 VDC) high-voltage.
517-0164
D20K 32 channel digital output termination board with compression blocks.
517-0143
D20KR 32 channel digital output termination board with DB25 connectors.
517-0218
D20KX 32 channel digital output termination board with separable compression blocks.
517-0236
D20K 32 channel digital output termination board with compression blocks and solid-state
relays.
517-0242
D20K4Z 32 channel digital output high voltage termination board with compression blocks.
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2.4.9 Interposing Relay Panel

For applications requiring heavy-duty control ratings, the D20K can be connected to field
equipment through interposing relays. The standard D20KI interposing relay panel is equipped
with P&B KUEP and KUP interposing relays (10 A at 150 VDC and 10 A at 240 VAC
respectively). It is used in conjunction with a D20KR termination panel, as shown in Figure 35.
D20K I/O Peripheral
...
Interposing Relays
...
Termination Panel
...
To Field Equipment
Figure 35 Interposing Relays
2.4.9.1 D20KI Termination Board Options

The following D20KI termination board options are currently available:
Table 14 D20KI Options
GE Part Number
Description
517-0146
D20 KI compression termination
517-0430
D20KI1X, separateable compression termination
517-0147
D20KI2, barrier strip termination
Each D20KI, equipped with 16 relays, can be configured to supply 16 momentary, 8 trip/close or
8 raise/lower control outputs.
2.4.10 D20C Combination I/O Peripheral

The D20C is a combination I/O module used for small-point-count applications. The D20C is
configured with:
58
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16 digital inputs and 8 momentary or dual function trip/close control outputs
Optional 16 analog inputs
Optional 8 analog inputs and 8 analog outputs.
D20 C1 and D20 C2 daughter boards are available as add-on options for the D20C to give
additional analog inputs and outputs, as follows:
Table 15 D20C Daughter Boards
Digital
Inputs
D20C Peripheral
Control
Outputs
Analog
Inputs
Analog
Outputs
D20C
16
D20C with D20 C1 Daughter Board
16
16
D20C with D20 C2 Daughter Board
16
2.4.10.1 D20C I/O Processing

Depending on its configuration, the D20C carries out the input and output processing described
in the preceding sections for the D20S, D20A and D20K.
The D20C performs I/O processes similar to those performed by the other D20 I/O modules, but
at a faster clock speed, required to meet the increased processing power demand.
The same technology is used on the D20C as on the other D20 peripheral I/O modules:
Digital inputs are the same design as the D20 S. Chatter filtering can be applied.
Optional analog inputs/outputs are provided through plug-in daughter boards. One shield
termination is provided for every two inputs. The programmable gain feature provided on the
D20A is not supported on the D20 C. The voltage-to-frequency converter is fixed at 5 V full
scale.
Control output security is the same as that supported by the D20K. Interposing relays can be
supplied using a D20KI. A Local/Remote switch is provided to turn off relay coil power and
put the module off-line (including analog, status and control). An off-line indication is sent to
the D20 main processor, which is available to the host as a pseudo-status.
2.4.10.2 D20C Specifications

For a more complete description on the status, analog and control features of the D20 C, refer to
the sections on the D20S, D20A and D20K modules.
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Table 16 D20C Specifications

Item
Description
Processor
Clock
3 MHz MPU clock
Memory
24 KB EPROM
32 KB static RAM
512 bytes EEPROM
Analog Inputs
Physical
Plug-in daughter board for 16 bipolar, differential inputs
Input Adapters
Refer to the Index for a list of available input adapters.
Accuracy
10 ppm per C
Resolution
14 bits plus sign
Conversion Rate
275 ms for 16 inputs @ 60 Hz
328 ms for 16 inputs @ 50 Hz
Dynamic Range of Converter
125% of normalized full scale inputs
Input Impedance
44 Mohm 5% (VDC)
Common Mode Rejection (60 Hz)
95 dB
Normal Mode Rejection (60 Hz)
60 dB
Over voltage Rating
35 VDC (normal mode)
Analog Inputs/Outputs
Physical
Plug-in daughter board for 8 unipolar or bipolar (voltage only)

outputs or 8 unipolar current outputs, and 8 bipolar inputs @ 5
V (see Analog Inputs above)
Output Ranges
0 - 5, 0 - 10, 5, 10 V
0 - 1, 0 - 5, 0 - 10, 0 - 20 mA
Accuracy
Resolution
12 bits plus sign
Maximum Output
5 kohms @ 5 V out
Status Inputs
60
Physical
16 optically isolated inputs in two groups of 8. Inputs in one

group will share a common return and contact wetting.
Contact Wetting
12, 24, 48 or 125 VDC
Current Burden
3 to 6 mA per input
Scan Rate
1.0 ms
Debounce
Selectable 1 to 255 ms
SOE Time Resolution
1.0 ms
Overload Rating
500 VDC (common mode to GND)
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Control Outputs
Physical
8 relays plus two Master Trip/Close relays
Output Configurations
8 T/C pairs
6 T/C + 1 R/L pairs
4 T/C + 2 R/L pairs
2 T/C + 3 R/L pairs
4 R/L pairs
8 isolated Form C contact outputs

15
15
Contact Duration
Programmable 1 to 2 ms in 1 ms intervals or 1 to 2
intervals (protocol dependent)
s in 1 s
Contact Rating
60 W max, 3 A max, 220 VDC max (1 Form-C or -A contact)
Coil Status Check
Every 500 s
Switches
Local enable/disable switch
1500 Vrms
Dielectric Rating
1000 VDC
D.20 Link Ports
Maintenance Port
9600 baud, RS-232
Power Requirements
20-60 VDC, 5 W typical; 11 W full load with 24 V contact

wetting
Size
D20C assembly: 19" x 5.25" x 2.5"
D20C analog input & analog input/output daughter boards:

8.5" x 3"
2.4.10.3 D20C Options

The following D20C options are currently available:
Table 17 D20C Options
GE Part Number
Description
504-0002
WESDAC D20C+ (20-60 VDC) standard.
504-0003
WESDAC D20CHV (40-150 VDC) high-voltage.
517-0169
D20C termination board with compression blocks for status, controls and analogs. Includes
DB25 connector for D20KI/KI2 interposer panels.
517-0180
D20CD with DB25 connectors for status, controls and analogs.
517-0326
D20CB termination board with barrier strips for status, controls and analogs. Includes DB25
connector for D20KI/KI2 interposer panels.
517-0217
D20CX termination board with separable compression blocks for status, controls and
analogs. Includes DB25 connector for D20KI/KI2 interposer panels.
517-0332
D20CDI 24V (isolated commons) and DB25 terminations for status, controls and analogs.
517-0333
517-0263
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GE Part Number
Description
517-0239
D20C4Z termination board with compression blocks for 48VDC status inputs, controls and
analogs.
517-0253
analogs.
517-0267
analogs.
2.4.11 D20AC, AC Analog Input Peripheral

The D20AC, AC analog input peripheral provides AC analog computing and monitoring. It has
the following features and specifications:
Table 18 D20AC Features and Specifications
Item
Features
Description
Up to 132 analog values and 18 accumulator values.
Accommodates direct AC analog inputs from current and voltage
transformers for up to three 3-phase circuits, eliminating the need for
transducers and/or metering IEDs
Integrates key substation functions such as metering, analog
processing and power quality measurement
3-element and 1-element (Balance System) metering
Meter calculations include kW, kVAR, power factor, frequency, kWh,
kVARh, kVAh and symmetrical components.
st
Power quality data: %THD (total harmonic distortion), 21 harmonic

DSP/Memory
24-bit program, 16-bit point data

16 MHz clock
1K x 16-bit internal data
2K x 24-bit internal program
14K x 24-bit external program
64K byte EPROM boot
Dual-port memory 2K bytes
CCU base system required
AC Voltage Inputs
Accuracy
+ 0.2% of nominal full scale
Burden
< 0.1 VA
Measurement Range
250% of nominal
Continuous Over voltage
250% of nominal
Frequency Response
50/60 Hz filtered, 1300 Hz unfiltered
Sample Rate
64 samples per cycle
AC Current Inputs
62
Up to 6 nominal RMS inputs: 63.5 VAC, 110 VAC (60 Hz), 69.3 VAC,
120 VAC (60 Hz)
Up to 9 nominal RMS inputs: 1.0 A or 5.0 A (50/60 Hz)
PRPI-019-3.00-6
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Item
Accuracy
Description
+ 0.2% of nominal (minimum input 2% of nominal)
+ 1.0% 5 x nominal full scale
Burden
<0.01 ohm
Thermal Overload
4 x nominal continuous
30 x nominal 10s
100 x nominal 1 s
Frequency Response
50/60 Hz filtered, 1300 Hz unfiltered
Sample Rate
DC Analog Input
One DC differential analog input
Current Input
One of: + 1, + 5, + 10, + 20 mA
Input Burden
> 10 M voltage input, 5 K to 250 K current input (1 to 20 mA)
Overload
+ 30 VDC (normal mode), 200 VDC (common mode)
Accuracy
+ 0.05% full scale voltage input, + 0.1% full scale current input
Resolution
12 bit plus sign (minimum)
CMRR
90 dB @ 50/60 Hz, NMRR: 60 dB @ 50/60 Hz
Dynamic Range
125% full scale
References
+ 90% full scale zero
Conversion Time
16.7 ms (60 Hz), 20.0 ms (50 Hz)
+ 15 ppm C voltage input, + 30 ppm C current input
Sample Rate
D.20 Link Ports
Maintenance Port
9600 baud, RS-232
Power Requirements
40 150 VDC, 5 W typical
20 60 VDC, 8 W
2.4.11.1 D20AC Options

The following D20AC WESDAC and WESTERM options are currently available:
Table 19 D20AC Options
D20AC Option
Description
WESDAC D20AC (40-150V, 511-0104)
Standard version of the AC analog input peripheral logic panel,

supporting up to six 50/60 Hz AC voltage inputs, and up to nine
50/60 Hz AC current inputs. The 511-0104 requires a power source
between 40 and 150 VDC.
WESDAC D20AC (20-60V, 511-0106)
Standard version of the AC analog input peripheral logic panel,

supporting up to six 50/60 Hz AC voltage inputs, and up to nine
50/60 Hz AC current inputs. The 511-0106 requires a power source
between 20 and 60 VDC.
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D20AC Option
Description
WESTERM D20ACL 3VT/3CT (517-0380)
Termination panel for the D20AC, supporting three AC voltage

inputs and three AC current inputs, which connect through a barrier
terminal strip.

inputs and six AC current inputs, which connect through a barrier
terminal strip.

inputs and nine AC current inputs, which connect through a barrier
terminal strip.
Termination panel for the D20AC, supporting six AC voltage inputs

and three AC current inputs, which connect through a barrier
terminal strip.
Termination panel for the D20AC, supporting six AC voltage inputs

and six AC current inputs, which connect through a barrier terminal
strip.

inputs and three AC current inputs, which connect through a barrier
terminal strip.
WESTERM D20AC 3VT/3CT (517-0370)
Similar to the 517-0380; however, the unit does not support power
through the D.20 Link.
2.5 D20/D200 Power Supplies and Chargers

D20 power supplies are switch-mode converters that provide output power for the D20 main
processor, VME cards, modems and D20 peripheral I/O modules, as required. The power
supplies are designed to accept standard voltage inputs and meet the power requirements of the
D20/D200.
These power supply modules mount vertically in the D20/D200 chassis, as shown in Figure 36
and Figure 37.
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Figure 36 D20 Power Supply
Figure 37 D200 Power Supplies
2.5.1 D20 Power Supply Specifications

The following table gives details of the standard chassis-mounted, auxiliary and redundant power
supplies that are available. Other power supplies are available for specific requirements. Contact
GE Energy for details.
Table 20 D20/D200 Power Supplies
Type
Part Number
Input
Output
Mounting
Chassismounted (D20)
580-2004
20 60 VDC
+5 V, 7 A
+12 V, 2 A
-12 V, 1 A
24 VDC, 3 A
Chassis
580-2005
20 60 VDC
+5 V, 7 A
+12 V, 2 A
-12 V, 1 A
48 VDC, 1.5 A
Chassis
580-2006
100 300 VDC

or
85 264 VAC
+5 V, 7 A
+12 V, 2 A
-12 V, 1 A
24 VDC, 3 A
Chassis
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Type
Part Number
Input
Output
Mounting
580-2007
100 300 VDC

or
+85 264 VAC
+5 V, 7 A
+12 V, 2 A
-12 V, 1 A
48 VDC, 1.5 A
Chassis
Chassismounted
(D200)
580-0301
48VDC
+5 V, 12A
Chassis
Chassismounted
(D200)
580-0300
48VDC
12V, 2A ea.
Chassis
Chassismounted
(D200)
580-0299
115/230VAC
+5 V, 12A
Chassis
Chassismounted
(D200)
580-0298
115/230VAC
12 VDC, 2A ea.
Chassis
Auxiliary
521 - 0103
20 60 VDC
24 VDC, 75 W
Rack-mounted
Auxiliary
521 - 0104
100 300 VDC
24 VDC, 75 W
Rack-mounted
Auxiliary
521 - 0105
90 250 VAC
24 VDC, 75 W
Rack-mounted
Auxiliary
521 - 0106
100 350 VDC
48 VDC, 120 W
Rack-mounted
Auxiliary
521 - 0107
90 250 VAC
48 VDC, 120 W
Rack-mounted
Redundant
580 - 0719
115 VAC
125 VDC
24 VDC, 5A
Rack-mounted
Redundant
580 - 0741
230 VAC
48 VDC
48VDC, 2.5A
Rack-mounted
Redundant
580 - 0789
115 VAC
48 VDC
48 VDC, 2.5A
Rack-mounted
Redundant
510 - 0241
115 VAC + 15%

30 60 VDC
48 VDC, 2.5 A
Rack-mounted
Redundant
510 - 0242
115 VAC + 15%

40 144 VDC
48 VDC, 2.5 A
Rack-mounted
2.5.2 D20 Battery Chargers

GE Energy offers the following battery chargers:
Table 21 D20/D200 Battery Chargers
Type
66
Part Number
Input
Output
WESDAC Battery Charger (48V)
550-0039
120/240 VAC
48 VDC
WESDAC Battery Charger (24 V)
550-0024
120/240 VAC
24 VDC
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2.6 D20 Modems

The D20 modems handle communications to the host computer or other intelligent device.
Special modem requirements can be addressed through the use of third-party modems, which are
connected to the D20/D200 through external RS-232 connections. Refer to Table 22 for details.
Table 22 D20/D200 Modems
Modem
WESDAC 202/V.23
Telenetics V.3600
Telenetics MIU9.6FPD,
MIU/PowerPort9.6FPD
Telenetics Chassis-mount
GE Information
Specifications
1200 bps Bell 202 or CCITT V.23
Designed for 300 to 1200 bps asynchronous operation

on unconditioned lines
Available as a 19" rack-mount assembly (GE Part

Number 520-0090), or as a 3U vertical-mount module
that can be installed in the D20/D200 chassis (GE Part
Number 520-0120).
V.34/V.42.bis
2-wire, full-duplex dial-up or leased line; 4-wire, fullduplex leased line
Data rates up to 33.6 kbps
0 to +50 C, 0 to 95% non-condensing
Substation hardened, surge protected
2-wire half duplex, 4-wire full duplex
-40 to +85 C, 0 to 95% non-condensing
Point-to-point, or multipoint configurations
Dial-up or leased line
2-wire or 4-wire
Various versions available, up to 57.6 kbps
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Modem
Specifications
Westermo TD-34
Designed for extreme industrial environments
2-wire half duplex, 4-wire full duplex
-40 to +70 C, 0 to 95% non-condensing
35 mm DIN-rail mounting
2.6.1 WESDAC 202/V.23 Modem Specifications

Table 23 WESDAC 202/V.23 Modem Specifications
Item
Mounting
Standards
Circuits
Chassis (520-0120)
Rack (520-0090)
Jumper configurable for:
Bell 103 and 202
CCITT V.23
2 wire half-duplex
4 wire half- or full-duplex
Equipment Interface
RS-232/CCITT V.24 data interface
Data Rate
300 and 1200 bps
Transmit and Receive

Frequencies
Bell 202: Mark 1200 Hz, Space 2200 Hz
CCITT V.23: Mark 1300 Hz, Space 2100 Hz
Transmit Output Level
-45 dBm to +2.0 dBm
Continuous or RTS-keyed
Jumper configurable for steps -42, -36, -30, -24, -18, or -12 dBm
5 dB typical carrier dropout hysteresis
WESDAC 202/V.23 (vertical): Fixed at 8 ms
WESDAC 202/V.23 (rack): 24 ms, optional 7910 chip
Soft carrier frequency 900 Hz
Receive Sensitivity
Soft Carrier Turn-Off
68
Description
DCD on Detection of
Carrier
3 to 7 ms maximum
DCD on Loss of Carrier
3.4 to 11.3 ms maximum
CTS Delay after RTS
8 ms
RTS - CTS delay set on software
Line Impedance
600 ohms
LED Indicators
Tx, Rx, DCD, RTS (all RED)
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Item
Description
Jack
Protection
WESDAC 202/V.23 (vertical): RJ11 telephone jack for line

connections
WESDAC 202/V.23 (rack): Optional integral or external jack

termination (Line, monitor and equipment, for both Tx and Rx).
1500 V line isolation
SWC ANSI/IEEE C37.90.1-1974 (2.5 kV)
SWC (Fast Transient) ANSI/IEEE C37.90.1-1989 (5.0 kV)
Relay systems test, in accordance with ANSI/IEEE C37.90-1978
Optional impulse/lighting protection gas-tube arresters
Error Rate
Back-to-back error rate is 1 bit error in 60,000 at 1200 bps
Mechanical
WESDAC 202/V.23 (rack)
Dimensions: 1.75" (4.4 cm) x 19" (48 cm)
WESDAC 202/V.23 (vertical)
Environmental
Vertical mounting in D20/D200 chassis card slot, as shown in

Figure 16 and Figure 17.
Screw compression type terminals for 2W/4W connections. Female

DB25 connector for RS-232 connection.
Temperature: -20 C to +60 C
Humidity: 0 to 95% non-condensing
2.7 Communications
The D20/D200 interfaces with peripherals and external devices over several types of
communications facilities:
Table 24 D20/D200 Communications Links
Type
RS-232
RS-485
Properties
Each installed D20ME and D20ME II provides seven RS-232 serial ports. In the
D20ME II, each port can be programmed as an RS-232 or an RS-485 port
Ports operate independently, at data rates up to 38400 bps
Each RS-232 port can provide point-to-point communication between the D20/D200
and:
IED or
Serial peripheral, such as a printer or terminal
D20ME II main processor can be jumper-configured with RS-485 ports to provide

point-to-multipoint communications to substation equipment, at distances up to 4000 ft
Note: The RS-485 port on the D20ME II provides no isolation and offers limited built-in
transient suppression. If you are using the D20ME II in an environment where longer cable
runs with larger transients are expected, installation of an external transient suppression
device is recommended to protect the RTU. In addition, GE recommends the installation of
an external transient suppression device when the RS-485 communication cable must be
run to devices located outside of the RTU cabinet containing the D20ME II. Error!
Reference source not found. for additional information.
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Type
D.20 Link
Ethernet
Properties
Provides communications between the D20/D200 main processor and D20 I/O
peripherals
Two D.20 Links per main processor
High-speed, high-level data link (HDLC/X.25)
RS-485 serial link, half duplex, 250 kbps
Transformer-coupled/isolated for high reliability and protection from electrically noisy

environments
Manchester-encoded for increased data integrity
Dual communication channels for backup communications
Shielded LAN cable or a glass/plastic fiber optic cable
RS-485 to multi-mode fiber-optic converters are available to extend the distance range
of the D20/D200, or to improve system noise immunity
Each D.20 Link supports the following:

D20ME/ME II in D20
Chassis
D20ME/ME II in D200
Chassis
Without
Repeaters
Up to 31 I/O Peripherals
With Repeaters
D20/D200 supports communication with substation equipment through two Ethernet

ports
D20EME Ethernet Memory Expansion module provides two independent Ethernet

channels using one of the following formats:
10BASE-T
Provides two RJ-45 connectors for connecting to CAT5,

or greater, UTP cabling
10BASE2
Provides two BNC connectors for connecting to thin coax

cabling
10BASE-FL
Provides two ST-style connectors for directly connecting

to a single or multi-mode glass or plastic fiber optic cable
2.8 D.20 Link

The D20 main processor communicates with D20 peripheral I/O modules over a high-speed,
high-level data link (HDLC) called the D.20 Link. The D.20 Link is an RS-485 serial link,
operating half-duplex at 250 kbps. The link is transformer-coupled/isolated for high reliability
and protection from electrically noisy environments. A fiber-optic communications link, which
has greater noise immunity to power switching transients and voltage gradients, is also available.
The D.20 Link protocol is a partial emulation of the standard X.25 protocol. This
communications protocol uses the HDLC format with Manchester encoding.
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Using a D.20 Link, the D20 main processor can support up to 31 D20 I/O peripheral modules in
a standard configuration. Repeater/extension modules may be used to expand beyond this limit to
a maximum of 120 (D20) or 480 (D200) peripheral I/O modules.
The D20/D200 can be equipped to provide D.20 Link redundancy, as described in section 2.9.2 ,
D.20 Link Redundancy.
2.8.1 Designing a Distributed D20 Network

To set up a distributed D20 peripheral I/O network design, three key factors need to be
considered:
Peripheral configuration of each remote location
Approximate distance between peripheral locations
Type of cable (RS-485 serial, plastic fiber, or glass fiber)
Generally, an RS-485 serial link is used for short distances, such as between D20 modules
located close together on a rack or mounted in a group, and a fiber optic link is used to extend
the D.20 Link to remotely located modules or in electrically noisy environments. When the D.20
Link is installed outside the substation control house, GE Digital Energy highly recommends the
use of a fiber optic cable.
For more information on planning a D.20 Link, refer to Appendix G, D.20 Link Installation.
D20 modules are configurable in star- or daisy-chain networks. Refer to Figure 38 for an
example of a D.20 Link configuration.
Power/
RS485
Cables
Example D.20
Configuration
D20
D20A
Power/
RS485
Cables
Optional
Fiber Repeater
Power/
RS485
Cables
Remote I/O
Power Supply
Power Supply
D20S
D20S
DCI or DFS
D20C
D20K
DCI
DCI
DCI or DFS
PFO or GFO Cable
(1 of 4 links, if DFS)
D20A
D20S
Legend
DCI - D.20 Communications Interface
DFS - D.20 Fiber Splitter
Termination
Figure 38 D.20 Link Example Configuration
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To interconnect D20 modules with an RS-485 serial link or a fiber optic link, certain
communications equipment is needed:
D.20 Communication Interface or D.20 Fiber Optic Splitter with a fiber optic adaptor
between the D20 main processor (or the last peripheral on an RS-485 serial link), and the
start of the fiber optic link
D.20 Communication Interface with a fiber optic adaptor at the end of the fiber optic cable to
convert back to an RS-485 link, for interconnecting remotely located D20 peripheral I/O
modules.
Cable and connectors
Power supply
2.8.2 D.20 Communication Interface

The D.20 Communication Interface is used as a repeater module for systems requiring more than
31 D20 I/O peripheral modules. It facilitates extension to a maximum of 120 D20 I/O peripherals
on a single HDLC communication port. The DCI can also be used to extend the distance range of
the D20/D200:
To extend the range
of the D.20 Link
D20 Communications
Interface
From D20/D200, or from
upstream I/O Peripherals
To downstream
I/O Peripherals
Figure 39 D.20 Communications Interface
The D.20 Communication Interface (DCI) provides a 1:1 interface between an RS-485 serial
D.20 Link and one fiber optic D.20 Link. The DCI has two RS-485 D.20 ports, one input port
and one port for continuing the D.20 Link daisy chain. The fiber cable connects to the DCI via
either a plastic (PFO) or glass (GFO) fiber adaptor, which plugs onto the DCI module. The DCI
installs on a standard 19" rack and is one rack unit high. See Figure 40.
D.20 COMMUNICATION INTERFACE 520-0117
D.20 Link
D.20 Link
D.20 Link
*Project Specific
D.20 RS485 Interface Adaptor, PFO Adaptor,
or GFO Adaptor may be equipped.
D.20 Link
Figure 40 D.20 Communication Interface
At the end of the fiber optic link, another DCI is used (with the appropriate glass or plastic fiber
optic adaptor) to convert from the fiber optic link back to the RS-485 serial D.20 Link that
interconnects the remote D20 peripheral I/O modules.
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2.8.3 Adapter Modules

Plug-on adaptor modules are available for connecting RS-485 serial, plastic or glass fiber cables
to the D.20 Communication Interface and the D.20 Fiber Optic Splitter modules.
GFO: Glass fiber optic adaptor with an SMA screw lock or ST twist lock connector
PFO: Plastic fiber optic adaptor with a snap-in lock connector
RSR: RS-485 repeater

D.20 Link
D.20 Link
HDLC
RSR
D.20 Link
D.20 Link
HDLC
RS-458 Repeater
D.20 Link
D.20 Link
F.O.
PFO/
GFO
HDLC
D.20 Link
D.20 Link
RS-458 to Fiber Converter
Figure 41 DCI Modes of Operation
2.8.4 D.20 Fiber Optic Splitter

The D.20 Fiber Optic Splitter (DFS) is used to break out the D.20 Link into four separate D.20
Links, for applications with clusters of peripherals at different locations:
To split out the D.20 Link
.
F. O
F.O.
HDLC
From D20/D200, or from
upstream I/O Peripherals
D.20 Splitter
F.O.
Up to four
D.20 Links
F. O
.
Figure 42 D.20 Fiber Optic Splitter
The D.20 Fiber Optic Splitter (DFS) provides a 1:4 interface between the RS-485 serial D.20
Link and up to four fiber optic links. The DFS has two RS-485 ports, one input port and one port
continuing the D.20 Link daisy chain. Up to four plastic or glass fiber optic adaptors plug onto
the DFS module to connect the fiber cables. See Figure 43. The DFS installs on a standard 19"
rack and is two rack units high.
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D.20 SPLITTER 520-0118
*Project Specific
Up to four PFO or GFO adaptors may be installed
D.20 Link
D.20 Link
Figure 43 D.20 Fiber Optic Splitter
2.8.5 Communication Cables

2.8.5.1 RS-485 Twisted Wire
Shielded cables are required, with one end of the cable shield properly grounded. The D20/D200
and peripherals must be securely and properly grounded within metal enclosures, according to
recommended industry practices. RS-485 cabling must meet the following specifications:
IEEE 802 standard LAN cables: Belden 9891 Ethernet or Alpha 9852 Ethernet
4 pair #22 AWG [0.644mm] stranded tinned copper
Outer jacket: PVC, 0.032" thick
Conductors: Color-coded PVC, 0.01" thick
Shield: #22 AWG [0.644mm] aluminum/polyester tape
Temperature/Voltage: -20 to +80 C, 150V
Flammability: Passes UL VW-1 flame test
Maximum Length: 1000 ft / 300 m
2.8.5.2 Plastic or Glass Fiber

For remote distributed network peripherals, fiber optic cable is recommended for outdoor
switchyard applications.
Recommended core sizes: 1 mm plastic optical fiber or 200 mm hard clad silica (HCS),
50/100 mm, 62.5/125 mm and 100/140 mm.
Wavelength: 660 nm (plastic,) 820 nm (glass)
Maximum Length (without repeaters)

Plastic: 146 ft / 45 m
Glass: 6500 ft / 2000 m
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2.8.6 Power Requirements

To ensure the low threshold of 20 V input to the peripheral is met, the number and type of
peripherals and location on the D.20 Link is reviewed with respect to cable IR drop. If the IR
drop is exceeded, remote D20 peripherals and DCIs will require a local 24/48 V DC power
supply. For 125 V systems, employ a WESDAC Power Converter (125 V DC/AC input, 24 V or
48 V DC output) for local operation of D20 peripherals and DCIs.
The D.20 Communication Interface and D.20 Fiber Optic Splitter require 24/48 V DC power.
This power may be supplied from standard D.20 cable, if available. Remote D20 peripherals are
normally powered via the D.20 line using a #20 AWG [0.812mm] cable.
Typical power requirements for D20 modules are summarized in Appendix E, Power
Consumption D20 Modules. When using a 20-60 V DC input for powering a D20 Power
Supply, the peripherals obtain power directly from the input source (after switched and fused).
2.9 Redundancy
The D20/D200 supports the following fault-tolerant system configurations:
Single D20/D200 with single D.20 Link
Single D20/D200 with two D.20 Links
Redundant D20/D200 system with single LAN (illustrated in Figure 44)
Single D20/D200 with loop redundancy (illustrated in Figure 45)
Single D20/D200 with redundant LAN (illustrated in Figure 46)
Redundant D20/D200 system with redundant LAN
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2.9.1 D20/D200 Redundancy

To provide high reliability, two D20s (with VME chassis) or D200s can be joined via a dedicated
communication channel to form a redundant RTU assembly, as illustrated below:
Figure 44 D200 Redundancy
Each D20/D200 contains identical hardware and software. The connection to field equipment is
made through an RS-232 Switch Panel. The position of the RS-232 Switch Panel, set either
automatically or manually, determines which D20/D200 is active.
On power up, the active D20/D200 initializes to an Active Polling state, acquiring data from
all substation devices and any local peripheral I/O reporting to it. Controls are executed as
directed by the master host system.
The standby D20/D200 monitors the state of the active D20/D200 via the inter-CCU
communications circuit. The standby D20/D200 operates in a warm standby mode; it does not
actively poll for data or execute controls. Some data may therefore be lost during a fail-over,
depending on the timing of the fail-over with respect to polling activity (i.e., the system is not hot
standby).
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If detected, the following hardware failures will result in a fail-over from the active to the
standby D20/D200:
Power failure
Background diagnostic error
Bus error
Watchdog timer reset
When a failure of the active D20/D200 is detected, the standby D20/D200 is switched to an
active state, at which point it will initiate data collection and control functionality. The standby
D20/D200 completes a full update of its databases at this time. The originally active D20/D200
is disabled, with no fail-back operation. The standby D20/D200 system remains in the Active
Polling state, until manually restored to its original configuration.
A switchover can be manually forced from the RS-232 Switch Panel, or through the
WESMAINT maintenance interface.
2.9.2 D.20 Link Redundancy

In addition to equipment redundancy, the D20/D200 can be equipped to provide D.20 Link
redundancy using D.20 Loop Redundancy or D.20 Link Redundancy. A D20 system with loop
redundancy is illustrated in Figure 45.
D20/D200
D20/D200
D.20 Link A
D.20 Link A
D.20 Link B
D.20 Link B
Failure
Scenario 1
I/O Peripheral
I/O Peripheral
I/O Peripheral
I/O Peripheral
Failure
Scenario 2
I/O Peripheral
I/O Peripheral
Figure 45 Single D20/D200 with Loop Redundancy
With D.20 Loop Redundancy, cabling is daisy-chained from D.20 Port A through all of the I/O
peripherals, then the last I/O peripheral in the chain is connected back to D.20 Port B. Normally,
the D20/D200 will communicate with the I/O peripherals alternately through D.20 Link A and
D.20 Link B. In this way, the D20/D200 is able to regularly confirm the integrity of both
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communications links with all I/O peripherals. It will know immediately if there is a problem
with the link, and can raise an alarm, if necessary.
In the case of Failure Scenario 1, the D20/D200 will still be able to communicate with the I/O
peripherals through D.20 Link B. In the case of Failure Scenario 2, the D20/D200 will
communicate with some peripherals through D.20 Link A, and others through D.20 Link B.
Full D.20 Link Redundancy can be implemented, as shown in Figure 46:
D20/D200
D20/D200
D.20 Link A
D.20 Link B
D.20 Link A
D.20 Link B
Failure
Scenario 3
I/O Peripheral
I/O Peripheral
I/O Peripheral
I/O Peripheral
Failure
Scenario 4
I/O Peripheral
I/O Peripheral
Figure 46 Single D20/D200 with Redundant LAN
This method requires the installation of a D.20 Link interface card (GE part number 540-0207)
on each I/O peripheral WESDAC board. As shown in Figure 46, each D.20 port in the D20/D200
is physically connected to each I/O peripheral. This connection could be implemented in a single
set of cables; however, this would limit the benefit of D.20 Link Redundancy since a cable cut
could damage both links. Instead, it would be more beneficial to implement LAN redundancy
using separate cables and cable routing. A D20 Adapter (GE part number 540-0313), installed at
each I/O peripheral, allows both D.20 Link A and D.20 Link B cabling to be connected to the
peripheral.
In the case of Failure Scenario 3, the D20/D200 will still be able to communicate with the I/O
peripherals through D.20 Link B. In the case of Failure Scenario 4, the D20/D200 will
communicate with some peripherals alternately through D.20 Link A and D.20 Link B, and with
others solely through D.20 Link B.
2.10 Auxiliary Equipment

2.10.1 Universal Protocol Converter
A Universal Protocol Converter (UPC) is required when the D20/D200 will interface with
devices that use synchronous protocols. The UPC converts the D20 asynchronous format to the
devices synchronous format.
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2.10.2 Data Display Panel

The Data Display Panel provides an economical means of displaying up to 150 digital and 150
analog input points from a D20/D200. Any data point available in the D20/D200 database can be
viewed from a single data display panel, and all information displayed can be scaled to
engineering units for easy interpretation. Seven pre-configured screens are available for easy setup, and an additional 30 user-defined screens that can be configured using Config Pro.
The Data Display Panel is available in two versions, one that can be installed directly on a 19
rack and one that is installed directly onto a D20 chassis, as shown in Figure 47:
Figure 47 Data Display Panel
2.10.3 Fiber Optic Interfaces

Fiber-optic communications links, with greater noise immunity to power-switching transients
and voltage gradients, are available for RS-232 and RS-485 serial links.
GE Energy is currently recommending the use of Dymec 5843/5844 single- and multi-mode
industrial fiber optic links and repeaters:
Table 25 D20/D200 Fiber Optic Links
Dymec 5843/5844 Parameter
Multimode
Single Mode
19.5 dB
19 dB
-10.5 dBm peak
-14.5 dBm peak
-30 dBm peak
-33.4 dBm peak
850 nm
1310 nm
ST
ST
DC to 250 kbps
DC to 250 kbps
Transmission Distance
Up to 5000
meters
Up to 30K meters
Bit-error Rate
1 x 10 max
Optical Budget
Optical Power (typical)
Receive Sensitivity
Wavelength
Connector Type
Data Rate
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3. Configuration and Maintenance

Software
The D20/D200 is equipped with a range of maintenance utilities to assist the user in configuring,
testing and monitoring the system:
3.1 Config Pro

Config Pro is a tool, installed on a personal computer, which helps you manage information
associated with your GE Enegy equipment. The primary use of Config Pro is to facilitate the
configuration of D20/D200 hardware and software through the maintenance port on the main
processor and I/O peripheral.
Information is accessed through a hierarchy of windows, as follows:
Project Window
Provides a graphical representation of your project. Each device in the

project is represented by a corresponding icon. Connections between
devices are shown by a series of lines and arrows.
Device Window
When you double-click on a device, the device window is opened in the

main area. The device window will display all of the configurable
applications for the device. The device window has four tabs:
Data Collection Applications
Data Translation Applications
System Point Database Applications
Data Processing Applications
Application Window
Displays the tables for a particular application.
Report Window
Allows you to select and print reports.
3.2 LogicLinx
The LogicLinx application is a powerful tool that allows the user to program PLC-like logic
functions in the D200 environment. LogicLinx consists of an executor, running in the remote
device firmware and an editor, running in a Windows PC environment, which is used to create
the desired programs. LogicLinx is compliant with all five programming languages defined in
the IEC 61131-3 standard.
3.3 WESMAINT
WESMAINT is a maintenance facility that resides on the D20 and D200. It uses a series of
menus and screens displayed on a PC or VT100 terminal to create a simple interface.
WESMAINT presets a window through which field technicians and programmers can look
directly into the equipment to view collected data and system status and, for some applications,
make changes to the configuration.
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Using the WESMAINT facility, you can access standard data displays such as:
Digital inputs and outputs
Analog inputs and outputs
Transition counters
Sequence-of-event (SOE) and change-of-state (COS) data
Device status information
Error log
User log
System status
CCU (central control unit) communication status, if a redundant system is installed.
3.4 PROMAINT
Similar to WESMAINT, PROMAINT is the maintenance facility for the I/O peripheral modules.
PROMAINT combines maintenance and monitor functions. The maintenance portion is used to
view data, or to verify that the board is functioning correctly by, for example, forcing a control
point and then checking to see whether the control operation took effect.
This monitor facility is intended for advanced users to interpret commands from the maintenance
port, such as storing data to memory. It can also execute various application-dependent
commands once an application program has been downloaded from the D20/D200.
3.5 68K Monitor

The 68K Monitor functions are primarily debugging tools that users can access via a PC or a
VT100 terminal with a keyboard. Monitor functions include memory examination, dumping and
editing, setting break points, single-step modes, communication port loop-back tests, mark and
space modem adjustments, and CPU usage and process profiling.
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4. Application Software
The D20/D200 can be equipped with a wide range of substation automation and enhanced
SCADA applications, some of which are summarized below:
4.1 User Programmable Logic

Calculator DTA
Soft logic utility to perform mathematical and logical

operations
LogicLinx DTA
IEC61131-3 compliant PLC type logic with full support

for 5 programming languages
4.2 Generation, Transmission, and Feeder Bay Automation

Applications
Automatic Voltage Control DTA
Maintain steady voltage based on user-defined targets

and settings
Local / Remote DTA
A master local/remote switch to control the local/remote

state of distributed devices
Secondary Master Trip/Close DTA
Enables the use of individual relays (with external

terminations) as master trip/close relays
Setpoint Adjustment DTA
Adjust setpoints based on control request durations or

analog input values
Tap Position Indication DTA
Translate status points into scaled analog input values to

reflect transformer tap positions
4.3 Distribution Automation Applications
82
Auto Reclose DTA
Automatically reclose tripped circuit breakers following

momentary faults
Automatic Restoration DTA
Patented load transfer scheme isolates faults and

restores power to non-faulted sections if possible
Distribution Capacitor Control Algorithm DTA
Improve reactive support during peak periods through

more effective use of existing capacitor banks
Fault Localization DTA
Locate and isolate faults to reduce customer outage

times
Load and Dead Bus Transfer DTA
Monitor a network of substations and move load off

overloaded transformers to other stations as required
Load Shedding/Curtailment DTA
Shed load intelligently during overload conditions
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4.4 Communication Services Applications

Communication Watchdog DTA
Monitor and report the health of communications
Substation Maintenance DTA
Suppress SCADA point reporting during substation

maintenance
Virtual Terminal DTA
Direct remote access to connected devices
Line Switch DTA
Monitor main and secondary communication channels

and retransmit on a third channel
LAN Services DTA
TFTP, SPT Server/Client, Time Server/Client
COM Statistics DTA
Detailed communication pass/fail statistics
IRIG B Source DTA
Time sync connected devices using IRIG-B
SNTP Client DTA
Time sync over an Ethernet LAN
4.5 Data Logging / Storage Applications

SOE Local Logger DTA
Log digital and analog SOEs to an external printer, PC or

to a CSV file
Accumulator Freeze DTA
Coordinate freezing of accumulator groups
Event Storage DTA
Store history of current values, status, and time-tags of

analogs and accumulators for up to 7 days
Historical Analog DTA
Store averaged historical values for up to 8 analog inputs
4.6 Data Reduction and Summarizing Applications

Analog Reference DTA
Monitor analog input hardware for good or bad reference

values
Data Change Detect DTA
Toggle a status point every time any data in a configured

group changes
Alarm Prioritization DTA
An alarm filter designed to manage the 3 level alarms

reported by GEs DART pole-top/pad-mount distribution
RTU
Analog Averaging DTA
Average analogs at regular intervals
Analog Alarm DTA
Alarm when analogs exceed configured thresholds
General Alarm DTA
Group alarms together to create summary alarms
Top of Hour (TOH) Analog Averaging DTA
Average analogs at regular intervals relative to the top of

the hour
Redundant I/O DTA
Provide data from a backup source if the primary source

is off-line
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4.7 Data Conversion Applications

Digital-Analog Value Conversion DTA
Convert digital input groups to analog data using binary,

BCD, or gray code encoding
Digital Input to Counter DTA
Count the number of SOE or COS transitions on status

points
BCD Setpoint DTA
Translate analog output requests into a group of BCD

encoded control points
Accumulator Delta to Analog DTA
Convert accumulators to analog values for protocols that

do not support counters
Time Stamp DTA
Interpret each bit in an analog input as a status point,

and create SOEs appropriately
Analog to Digital Conversion DTA
Convert analog inputs into groups of binary coded

control outputs
Mailbox DTA
Convert analog outputs into analog inputs so they can be

read by all masters
4.8 Other DTAs

AGA Gas Flow DTA
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Gas flow rate and energy flow rate calculations
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5. Frequently Asked Questions

The following section responds to some frequently asked questions about the D20 and D200:
5.1 What is the performance of the D20 and D200?

The performance of D20 and D200 systems depend on a number of factors. These include:
1. The number of applications running in the system; automation applications such as
LogicLinx can consume extensive CPU resources when running large algorithms
2. The number of D20 peripherals
3. The number of communication ports being used
4. The number of devices attached to each communication port
5. The baud rate or total baud rate of the system (the total baud rate is the combined baud rate
of each of the active communication ports)
6. If the system is Ethernet equipped
7. The number of nodes or D20ME processors
GE recommends that you consult with us to ensure that proper design considerations have been
taken into account to maximum the performance of your D20/D200 system.
5.2 What is the difference between the D20 and the D200?
The D200, which uses the same hardware modules as those used in the D20, has a much higher
capacity than the D20. The D200s larger chassis can support up to seven vertically mounted
D20ME II processors, which, in turn, are each capable of supporting two D.20 and seven RS232/485 ports. GE recommends that our customers consult with us when using more that four
D20ME or D20ME II processors to ensure proper system performance.
Where a D20 can support two D.20 and seven RS-232 or RS-485 ports, the D200 can be
equipped with up to:
Two redundant D.20 channels, supporting up to 240 I/O peripherals (120 per redundant
pair)
49 RS-232 or RS-485 ports (seven per D20ME II Main Processor)
5.3 Will VME cards work with my non-VME systems?

No. VME cards may appear to work in non-VME chassis; however, they are not designed or
tested to do so. Non-terminated VME circuitry can cause unexpected RTU resets or failures. GE
Energy does not endorse the use of VME D20/D200 cards in non-VME systems, or vice versa.
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5.4 What is the I/O capacity of a D20 system?

One redundant D.20 channel, supporting up to 120 I/O peripherals
Seven RS-232 or RS-485 ports
Two Ethernet ports
For example:
On each of its two D.20 ports, the D20 can support the following:
Example
I/O Peripherals
Providing
120 - D20 S
7680 status inputs (120 x 64)
120 - D20 A
1920 analog inputs (120 x 16)
100 - D20 A
1600 analog inputs (100 x 16) and
20 - D20 S
5.5 What is the I/O capacity of a D200 system?

Four D.20 ports (two per main processor), supporting up to 240 I/O peripherals
49 RS-232 or RS-485 ports (seven per main processor)
Two Ethernet ports
For example:
On each of its four D.20 ports, the D200 can support the following:
Example
I/O Peripherals
Providing
240 - D20 S
15,360 status inputs (240 x 64)
240 - D20 A
3840 analog inputs (240 x 16)
200 - D20 A
3200 analog inputs (200 x 16) and
40 - D20 S
5.6 What are the added features of the ME II Main Processor

over the ME Main Processor?
Equipped with a D20ME II Main Processor, the D20/D200 can support RS-485 communications
on all seven communications ports. End devices can be supported at distances up to 4000 feet,
and the D20/200 can support up to 32 devices on each communication port, without the need for
external converters.
86
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GE Information
GE Digital Energy
A. Specifications and Supported

Standards
Environmental
Standard
Description
D20/D200 with standard

D20A, D20S, D20K,
D20C
o
D20/D200 with highvoltage peripherals:

D20AHV, D20SHV,
D20KHV, D20CHV
o
IEC 60068-2-1
Cold
-10 C / 96 hr
IEC 60068-2-2
Dry Heat
+55 C / 96 hr
+55 C / 96 hr
IEC 60068-2-6
Vibration
10 - 150Hz fg
10 - 150Hz fg
IEC 60068-2-27
Shock
Half sine, 5g, 11 ms, 3

axis
Half sine, 5g, 11 ms, 3

axis
IEC-60068-2-29
Bump
Half sine, 10g, 11 ms,

1000 in 3 axis
Half sine, 10g, 11 ms,

1000 in 3 axis
IEC-60068-2-78
Damp Heat Steady State
+40 C 95% RH, 96 hr
+40 C 95% RH, 96 hr
IEC-60068-2-31
Drop and Topple
TBD
TBD
MIL-STD-810E
Transportation
TBD
TBD
EN 50081-2,
EMC Compliance
TBD
Comply
EN 55011
Radiated and Conducted

Emissions
TBD
Class A
EN 61000-3-2
Harmonics (230 VAC supply)
Comply
Comply
EN 61000-3-3
Flicker (230 VAC supply)
Comply
Comply
EN 61000-4-2
Electrostatic Discharge
TBD
Level 4: 8 kV / 15 kV
-10 C / 96 hr
o
EMC
EN 50082-2
GE Information
PRPI-019-3.00-6
87
Obsolete
Field Standards for

Relays
Safety
EMC (continued)
Standard
88
GE Digital Energy
Description

D20A, D20S, D20K,
D20C

D20AHV, D20SHV,
D20KHV, D20CHV
EN 61000-4-3
Immunity to Radiated
Emissions, 80 - 1000 MHz
Level 3: 10 V/m
Level 3: 10 V/m
EN 61000-4-4
EFTB
TBD
Level 4: 4 kV (2 kV coms)
EN 61000-4-5
Surge Immunity
TBD
Level 4: 4 kV / 2 kV
EN 61000-4-6
RF Immunity
TBD
Level 3: 10 Vrms
EN 61000-4-8
Magnetic Immunity
TBD
Level 5: 100 A/m (1 kA/m)
EN 61000-4-10
Damped Oscillatory
Magnetic Field
TBD
Level 5: 100 A/m (1 MHz

and 100 kHz)
EN 61000-4-11
Voltage Dips and

Interruptions (AC power
supply)
1000 ms 100%
1000 ms 100%
EN 61000-4-12
High Frequency Oscillatory
Level 4: 2.5 kV
Level 4: 2.5 kV
EN 61000-4-16
Immunity to Conducted
Common Mode Disturbances
0 150 kHz
TBD
Level 4: 30 V (300 V 1
sec)
EN 61000-4-17
Immunity to Ripple on DC
Power Port
< 10% ripple
< 10% ripple
EN 61000-4-29
DC Supply Interruptions
50 ms 100%
50 ms 100%
EN 61010-1
Product Safety
TBD
Comply
IEC 60255-5
Dielectric Strength
1 kVDC
2.5 kVDC
IEC 60255-5
Impulse
5 kV
5 kV
IEC 60255-5
Insulation at 500 V
> 100 Mohm
> 100 Mohm
IEC 60255-21-1
Vibration
10 150 Hz 1g
10 150 Hz 1g
IEC 60255-22-1
High Frequency Impulse
Level 4: 2.5 kV
Level 4: 2.5 kV
IEC 60255-22-2
TBD
Level 4: 8 kV/15 kV
IEC 60255-22-3
Radiated Electromagnetic
Field Disturbance
Level 3: 10 V/m
Level 3: 10 V/m
IEC 60255-22-4
Fast Transient Disturbance
TBD
Level 4: 4 kV (2 kV coms)
IEC 60801-2
Standard withdrawn
Standard withdrawn
IEC 60801-4
Fast Transient Disturbance
Standard withdrawn
Standard withdrawn
IEC 60801-5
Surge Immunity
Standard withdrawn
Standard withdrawn
PRPI-019-3.00-6
GE Information
GE Digital Energy
Supplementary Information
Standard
Description

D20A, D20S, D20K,
D20C

D20AHV, D20SHV,
D20KHV, D20CHV
IEEE C37.1-1994
IEEE Standard Definition,

Specification and Analysis of
System used for Supervisory
Control, Data Acquisition,
and Automatic Control
Comply
Comply
ISO 9000
Quality Systems
Specification for Design,
Manufacture and Installation
Comply
Comply
IEC 60297
Dimensions of Mechanical
Structures of 19 inch Rack
Comply
Comply
DNP 3.0
Communication Protocol
Comply
Comply
IEC 60870-5
Communication Protocol
Comply
Comply
GE Information
PRPI-019-3.00-6
89
GE Digital Energy
B. Supported Host Protocols

The following list is a sampling of the host protocols supported by the D20/D200. GE Digital
Energy is continually adding to this list. Please contact GE Digital Energy for the latest
developments.
ABB Indactic 33/41 (16-bit)
Conitel C3000
Megadata MD3000
ABB Indactic 35
Datap DCP-1
Modbus (Serial)
ABB Systems Control SC1801
DNP 3 (Serial)
MPS 9000
ADLP-180
DNP 3 (TCP/IP)
Pert 26/31
AMTRAK SDLC
DNP 3 (UDP/IP)
PG&E (Rev. 11)
Allen-Bradley ANSI X3.28
ESCA/WELCO
Rockwell
ASW
Ferranti Mark IIA
SANGAMO
BBC 7200
Ferranti TRW 9550
SCADA Consultants (Sensa)
Boeing BETAC/GETAC 7020
Ferranti TRW S9000
SES-91
CDC 44-500 Type I
Ferranti Vancomm
SES-92
CDC 44-550 Type II
GETAC 7020
Siemens Sinaut 8FW-1024 (DPDM)
Cegelec HNZ
GETAC 7020 LP
Siemens Sinaut 8FW-512 (PCM)
Conitel C0300
Georgia Power Company
Telegyr TG809
Conitel C0200
Harris HR5000
UCA 2.0
Conitel 2000
Harris HR6000/XA-21
Valmet TEJAS V
Conitel C2020
Harris Micro II
Valmet TEJAS III
Conitel C2025
IEC 60870-5-101
Westinghouse REDAC 70H
Conitel C2100H
IEC 60870-5-104
Westinghouse WESDAC 4F
Conitel C2100M
Landis & Gyr 8979
Westinghouse WISP+
90
PRPI-019-3.00-6
GE Information
GE Digital Energy
C. Supported IED Protocols

The ability to acquire data from all substation Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs) is essential
to any utilities substation automation program. GE Digital Energy has the largest IED protocol
libraries in the industry allowing for fast and efficient integration of the following types of IEDs:
Protection Relays
Power Meters
Digital Fault Recorders
Power Quality Monitors
Capacitor Bank Controllers
Load Tap Changer (LTC) Controllers
PLC
The following list summarizes the sub-master communication protocols supported by the
D20/D200:
8979
IEC 870-5-101
ACCUSONIC FLOW METER
IEC 870-5-103
Allen Bradley ANSI X3.28 DCA
INCOM
BECO 2200
INDACTIC 33
BOEING 3050
JEM 2
CDC TYPE II
LEEDEX DTMF
COOPER 2179
LILCO ASCII
DNP V1.00 (QUANTUM METERS)
MD3000
DNP V3.00
MICRO II
DPU
MODBUS
ENVIC DMCP-20A
POWER MEASUREMENT LIMITED 3710

ACM METER
Procontrol P14
PROGRAMMABLE SYNCROCHECK
RELAY (PSR)
FLUKE TEMPERATURE RECORDER
GE DGP
GEC COURIER PROTOCOL
GEC SCADA PACKET
PSI QUAD 4+
HARLEY LTC-MAP
QUANTUM METERS SCANNER
HARRIS 6000
ROCKWELL
HNZ
RUGBY CLOCK
GE Information
PRPI-019-3.00-6
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GE Digital Energy
SAG PROTECTIVE DEVICE
SPA BUS
SC1801
SUNDAS RMS
SEL GATEWAY
SYPROTEC HYDRAN
SINAUT 8-FW 512/1024
UCA 2.0
SINAUT 8FW-512-PCM
VANCOM
GE Digital Energy is continually adding to the supported protocol list. Please contact GE Digital
Energy for the latest developments.
92
PRPI-019-3.00-6
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GE Digital Energy
D. Power Consumption D20 Modules

Module
Power Consumption
(Typical Watts)
D20ME
4.00
D20S
3.00
D20A
7.00
D20K
4.00
D20K O/B Relay
0.288
D20C
5.00
D20C A/I
1.50
D20C I/O
1.50
Rack Modem
1.44
Universal Protocol Converter
0.680
48 V Status Point
0.264
24 V Status Point
0.132
130 V Status Point
0.715
For example, a D20S with 8 points on using 24V wetting has a typical power consumption of:
3.00W + 8(0.132W) = 4.056W
A D20K with 4 relays operating requires:
4.00W + 4(0.288W) = 5.152W
GE Information
PRPI-019-3.00-6
93
GE Digital Energy
E. D20/D200 Main Processor

Compatibility
Compatibility of the different versions of D20/D200 main processors and chassis is summarized
in below:
Board Combinations
(All in the same chassis)
D20/D200 Chassis Type

D20 Non-VME
(1 Slot Horizontal)
D20 VME
(5 Slot Horizontal)
D200 VME
(9 Slot Vertical)
D20ME
Yes
Yes
Yes
D20ME, EME
N/A
Yes
Yes
D20ME, GreenSpring
N/A
Yes
Yes
D20ME, MicroMemory
N/A
Yes
Yes
D20ME, GreenSpring, MicroMemory
N/A
Yes
Yes
D20M++
Yes
Yes
Yes
D20M++, EME
N/A
Yes
Yes
D20M++, GreenSpring
N/A
Yes
Yes
D20M++, MicroMemory
N/A
Yes
Yes
D20M++, GreenSpring, MicroMemory
N/A
Yes
Yes
D20ME, D20M++, EME
N/A
Yes
Yes
D20ME, D20M++, MicroMemory
N/A
N/A
Yes
D20ME, D20M++, GreenSpring,

MicroMemory
N/A
N/A
Yes
D20ME, New D.20 Peripherals
N/A
Yes
Yes
D20ME, Old D.20 Peripherals
N/A
Yes
Yes
D20ME II (non-VME version)
Yes
No
No
D20ME II (VME version)
No
Yes
Yes
Note: In the above table, N/A means that it is physically not possible to plug the processor
card into the chassis. No means that, although the card can physically be plugged in to
the chassis, but it will not function correctly.
Note: There are some constraints with the above compatibilities. For more detail, refer to the
D20/D200 Installation and Operation Guide (Document Number 994-0078).
94
PRPI-019-3.00-6
GE Information
GE Digital Energy
F. D.20 Link Installation

Guidelines for Installing a D.20 Link
Some considerations to note when installing peripherals remotely are as follows:
5.6.1.2 Transceiver Cable (RS-485)
The maximum distance, for the communication portion (i.e. TX and RX), of the D.20 Link,
from the D20 termination panel to the Termination Resistor, is 1000 ft (300 m).
Repeater modules may be used to extend the D.20 Link beyond the maximum distance. The
DCI can extend this limit by 1000 ft.
The limit for the power supply portion (+DC & -DC) of the D.20 Link depends on the
loading. This, in turn, is determined by the following factors:
Number of peripherals per remote location
Maximum load of each peripheral (see D. Power Consumption D20 Modules)
IR drop on the cable
Cable losses for typical RS-485 wire gauges are:

#22 AWG [0.644mm] wire = .016 ohms/ft
#20 AWG [0.812mm] wire = .010 ohms/ft
Ensure that the lower threshold of 20 V, on each peripheral, is met.
WESDAC Power Converters, rated at 20 W/125 V in, 24 or 48 V out, may be used for a
maximum of two peripheral modules.
To minimize the IR drop of the cable, a higher supply voltage (i.e. 48 V) for peripherals is
recommended. An auxiliary power supply, rated at 100 W/125 V DC in, 48 V DC out, may
be used.
5.6.1.3 Fiber Optic Cable
At the start of the fiber optic cable (D20 end), the following items are required:
D20 fiber optic transceiver, either a 1:1 (DCI) or a 1:4 (DFS), depending on the number
of peripheral locations
Glass (GFO) or plastic (PFO) fiber optic adaptors, as required
Remote D20 peripheral I/O modules require 20 to 60 V DC source. A WESDAC Power

Converter or Power Supply may be used for 125 V input sites.
GE Information
PRPI-019-3.00-6
95
GE Digital Energy
The recommended maximum distance for fiber optic cable is:

Glass: 6500 ft / 2000 m
Plastic: 146 ft / 45 m
Repeater modules may be used to extend beyond this limit.
Calculating the Maximum Distance of a D.20 Link

Following are formulae, and an example, for calculating the maximum distance of an RS-485
D.20 Link (+DC & -DC), taking into account the IR drop.
5.6.1.4 Variables
PTotal
Total Power
nx
Number of units of type x
Power Consumption of X module (see D. Power Consumption D20 Modules), where X = M, S,

A, K, R, C, C A/I, C I/O, COM, UPC, SP.
Constant Current
Vp
Peripheral Supply Voltage (24, 48, 130 V)
Vd
Voltage drop/foot
Rs
Resistive Cable Loss:(#20 AWG [0.812mm] = 0.010 ohms/ft, #22 AWG [0.644mm] = 0.016
ohms/ft)
Dmax
D.20 Link (+DC & -DC) Maximum Distance
Vt
Voltage Threshold (20 V)
5.6.1.5 Formulae
PTotal = nAA + nSS + nKK + nCC + nC A/IC A/I + nC I/OC I/O + nCOMCOM + nSPSP + nRR
I = PTotal / Vp
Vd = I x Rs
Dmax = (Vp - Vt) / (2 x Vd) or 1000 feet, whichever is less
96
PRPI-019-3.00-6
GE Information
GE Digital Energy
Example:
Assume you are installing three D20A and two D20S modules on an RS-485 D.20 Link using
wire gauge #22 and a peripheral supply of 48 V. Calculate the maximum distance of the D.20
Link as follows:
PTotal
= nAA + nSS
=3xA+2xS
=3x5W+2x3W
= 21 W
= PTotal / Vp
= 21 W / 48 V
= 0.44 A
Vd
= I x Rs
= 0.44 A x 0.016 ohms/ft
= 0.00704 V/ft
= MIN[(Vp - Vt) / (2 x Vd) or 1000 feet]
Dmax
= MIN[(48 V - 20 V) / (2 x (0.00704 V/ft)) or 1000 feet]

= MIN[1989 feet or 1000 feet]
=1000 feet
Therefore, the maximum distance that you can operate the D.20 Link would be 1000 feet.
Note: If external digital input contact wetting is supplied by station battery, omit the Power
Consumption of each Status Point factor (SP) from the Total Power (PT) equation.
GE Information
PRPI-019-3.00-6
97
GE Digital Energy
Index
D20/D200
6
68K Monitor ........................................ 81
chassis............................................ 15
communications .............................. 69
Communication Links ......................... 69
Communications Interface .............. 72
Communications Interface.................. 72
detailed description .............. 1, 8, 25
Config Pro .......................................... 80
Ethernet support ....................... 18, 36
firmware .......................................... 22
D.20 Cabling ...................................... 74
hardware ........................................... 9
D.20 Link ............................................ 70
I/O peripherals .......................... 20, 37
D20 A ................................................. 48
main processor ......................... 17, 30
analog input processing .................. 51
mechanical design .......................... 25
specifications .................................. 52
modems .................................... 20, 67
D20 AC............................................... 62
overview ........................................... 8
D20 C ........................................... 44, 58
power requirements ........................ 75
specifications .................................. 59
power supplies ................................ 64
D20 EME .................................. 5, 18, 36
RTU Master .................................... 15
D20 HV peripherals .............................. 6
splitters ........................................... 73
D20 K ................................................. 53
system architecture........................... 9
base application .............................. 55
Data Display Panel ............................. 79
control output configurations........... 54
specifications .................................. 56
Ethernet support ........................... 18, 36
D20 ME ........................................ 18, 30
firmware .......................................... 32
Fiber Optic Interfaces ......................... 79
D20 ME II ................................. 4, 18, 30
Frequently Asked Questions .............. 85
firmware .......................................... 32
D20 S ................................................. 44
specifications .................................. 47
98
PRPI-019-3.00-6
H
Host Protocols
supported........................................ 90
GE Information
GE Digital Energy
I/O Peripherals
RS-485 support ..................... 69, 74, 95
common code ................................. 41
hardware ......................................... 40
Software
application............................. 1, 9, 82
IED
supported protocols ........................ 91
maintenance utilities ...... 1, 8, 22, 80
Interposing Relays.............................. 58
Splitters .............................................. 73
IRIG B ................................................ 34
Standards
supported........................................ 87
Modems ............................................. 67
specifications .................................. 68
T
Time Synchronization ......................... 34
Power calculations ............................. 96
Universal Protocol Converter ............. 78
Power Supplies ........................ 6, 19, 64
PROMAINT ........................................ 81
WESMAINT ........................................ 80
What's New .......................................... 4
GE Information
PRPI-019-3.00-6
99
MODIFICATION RECORD
VERSION
REV.
DATE
AUTHOR
CHANGE DESCRIPTION
1.00
Jan. 13, 2004
J. Doeberry
Created.
3.00
Jan. 22, 2005
C. Jeffrey
Document brought up to date and rewritten.
Dec. 3, 2007
M. Haska
Changed kbps to bps in WESDAC 202/V.23 Modem

Specifications tables - p.64, 65 [CC#20071129-0261]
Feb. 12, 2009
M. Haska
Added note regarding RS-485 transient suppression,

clarified capacity of D.20 channels.
Mar. 2, 2009
E. Godberson
Added specifications for storage conditions in section

2.1.5 .
Jun. 18, 2009
M. Haska
Updated maximum number of processor boards for VME

chassis D20 units.
Jul 21, 2011
R. Rees
Updated Technical Support and Customer Service

contact information.
Oct 7, 2013
R. Rees
Correction made; The D20 can support up to 21 RS-232

or RS-485 ports (7 per processor board).

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D20/D200 Technical Overview

are trademarks and service marks of General Electric Company.

D20/D200 Technical Overview

D20/D200 Technical Overview

2. Detailed Technical Description ...............................................................................................25

D20/D200 Technical Overview

3. Configuration and Maintenance Software ............................................................................80

Config Pro ......................................................................................................................... 80

4. Application Software ...............................................................................................................82

User Programmable Logic ................................................................................................ 82

5. Frequently Asked Questions ...................................................................................................85

What is the performance of the D20 and D200?............................................................... 85

A. Specifications and Supported Standards ..............................................................................87

D20/D200 Technical Overview

D20/D200 Technical Overview

Figure 29 D20S Digital Input Peripheral Block Diagram .......................................................... 45

D20/D200 Technical Overview

D20/D200 Technical Overview

About this Document

2. Detailed Technical Description: This section provides a detailed description of the

3. Configuration and Maintenance Software: This section describes utilities and

5. Frequently Asked Questions: This appendix presents answers to frequently asked

A. Specifications and Supported Standards: This appendix lists key industry

E. D20/D200 Main Processor Compatibility: This appendix shows the compatibility of

D20/D200 Technical Overview

Who Should Use this Document?

D20/D200 Installation and Operation Guide (994-0078)

D20, D25, iBOX Automation Applications (PRPI-048)

D20/D200 Technical Overview

Search Technical Support

Contact Customer Service

D20/D200 Technical Overview

D20ME II Main Processor

One RS-232 maintenance port.

Figure 1 D20ME II Main Processor

D20/D200 Technical Overview

D20EME (Ethernet/Memory Expansion)

Figure 2 D20EME (Ethernet/Memory Expansion)

Ethernet and Memory

New D20/D200 I/O Peripherals

D20AC, AC Analog Input Peripheral

Up to 132 analog values and 18 accumulator values

3-element and 1-element (balanced system) metering

Power quality data: %THD (total harmonic distortion), 21st harmonic

D20/D200 Technical Overview

D20 High-Voltage Peripherals

D20K4Z Termination Module

New Power Supplies

Supply Phased Out

Input Voltage Range

D20/D200 Technical Overview

Supply Phased Out

Input Voltage Range

Supply Phased Out

Supply Phased Out

Multiple Language Support

D20/D200 Technical Overview

Figure 3 GE Integrated Substation Control System

The D20/D200 provides substation server functionality in a mission-critical, substation-hardened

SCADA host protocols (see C. Supported Host Protocols)

IED protocols (see D. Supported IED Protocols)

Communication options (see section 2.7, Communications)