RF Microelectronics Course

Faculty:
Shivaji Tyagi,
Prof. R. C. Jain
Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida

August 6, 2014

RF Microelectronics Course Contents

Building Blocks in RF System, Basic Concepts, Performances

Metrics

Device Characteristics in RF Application

Low Noise Amplifier Design

Mixer Design

Oscillator Design

Relevant E.M. Spectrum

RF Applications

Wireless Standards

Mobile Phone Network

Wireless Metropolitan Area Network (WMAN)

Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN)

Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN)

Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN)

Wireless Sensor Networks1

Harvard Sensor Networks Lab

Worldwide Wireless Standards

RFID

Early Days of Radio: A Bit of History2

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(1820 - 1870) Oerstedt, Amphere, Faraday, Maxwell

developed the theoritical basis for the radio revolution.
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Oerstedt: Flowing currents induce magnetic fields

Amphere: mutual forces between current carrying conductors
Faraday: Magnetism could be transformed in electricity
Maxwell: Unified the concepts

Hertz (1857 - 1894): Demonstrated the Maxwell predictions

Adolf j. Schwab, Peter Fischer, Maxwell, Hertz, and German radio-wave

history, Proceedings of the IEEE, vol86, July 1998

History of the Radio

The history of radio can be

traced through the lives odf
these people:
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Maxwell
Hertz
Heavyside
Marconi
DeForest
Armstrong
Farnsworth
Sarnoff

James Clerk Maxwell (1831 - 1879)

Unified Electric and

Magnetic Theory

Predicted Electromagnetic
Wave Propagation

Theorized that light was an

electromagnetic wave

Heinrich Hertz (1857 - 1894)

Experimentally verified
Maxwells Theories

Generated and propagated

radio waves

Built first transmitter,

anteena, and receiver
appratus

Guglielmo Marconi

The inventor of radio

Improved and
commercialized Hertzs
apparatus, used for radio
telegraphy

Among the first radio

engineers.

Oliver Heavyside (1850 - 1925)

Heavyside was perhaps the

first true electrical engineer

He was an odd recluse, who

was entirely self taught

Although unappreciated in
his time, he provided
mathematical solutions to
important problems

Among his accomplishments

are transmission line theory
and Heavyside transforms

Lee DeForest (1873 - 1961)

Invented the audion

vacuum tube

Allowed for amplification

and detection

Led to first transmission of

voice and music

Edwin Howard Armstrong (1890 - 1954)

Perhaps the greatest EE in

the history
Inventor of the:
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feedback amplifier
electronic oscillator
super-hetrodyne receiver
FM radio

These inventions allowed for

the transmission of voice
and music

His ideas are still widely

used today !!!

Philo T. Farnsworth (1907 - 1971)

Inventor of electronic
television

Largely self-taught

Developed initial design

while in high school

A victim of bad timing and

small capital

David Sarnoff (RCA Mastermind, 1891 - 1971)

Began as telegraph operator

for Marconi

Originated idea of
broadcasting

Became president of the

Radio Corporation of
America

Was not an Engineer - and

the only guy who becomes
really wealthy!

The wireless music box has no

imaginable commercial value. Who
would pay for a message sent to
nobody in particular ? Regrettable Quote from the
associates of David Sarnoff

Birth of the Radio

First transmission at Villa Griffone (Italy), in 1885.

Transmission across Altantic Ocean, in 1901.

In 1896, Marconi was awarded the British patent

12039:Improvements in transmitting electrical impulses and
signals and in apparatus therefor, for radio.

The famous 7777 (four-sevens) patent:Improvements in

appratus for wireless telephony was issued to Marconis
Wireless Telegraph Company3 , on April 26, 1901.

http://www.marconicalling.com/museum/html/objects/ephemera/objectsi=651.001-t=2-n=0.html

Patent 7777

The 1904 U.S. version of the 7777 patent, US patent No.

763,772, was found to be invalid in a celebrated 1943
Supreme Court decision. There are some that claim this
decision affirmed Nikolai Tesla as the inventor of radio.

J. C. Bose4
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The Gelena Detector (1904)

Sengupta, D.L.; Sarkar, T.K.; Sen, D.; , Centennial of the semiconductor

diode detector, Proceedings of the IEEE ,Jan 1998

E H Armstrong Innovations5 ,6
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Regenerative receiver (1912)

Superheterodyne receiver (1919)
FM Radio (1935)

5
Brittain, J.E.; , Electrical engineering Hall of Fame-Edwin H. Armstrong, Proceedings of the IEEE , vol.92,
no.3, pp. 575- 578, Mar 2004,
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Armstrong, E.H.; , Some recent developments in the audion receiver, Proceedings of the IEEE , vol.51,
no.8, pp. 1083- 1097, Aug. 1963