Distributed Antenna Systems

(DAS)

Agenda
About
Ab t th
the S
Speaker:
k C
Connectivity
ti it Wireless
Wi l
Market Drivers
Cellular and wireless data growth/usage trends
Public Safety Communication mandates
DAS market

Distributed Antenna System (DAS) Basics

DAS Deployment Process

Connectivity Wireless Leader in DAS deployments

Headquartered in Atlanta, GA

Degreed engineering resources in regional markets

East

Midwest

Northeast

West

Southeast

Southwest

More than 100 employees and aggressively growing

More than 1,700 in-building DAS installations in 48 states

L d iin 2G
Leader
2G, 3G and
d 4G DAS iinstallations
ll i

Company founded by leaders in carrier organizations

300+ years of DAS installation experience

Total turnkey solution provider with neutral host expertise

Strong carrier and channel relationships

First, what is a DAS?

A Distributed Antenna System or DAS, is a network of
spatially separated antennas connected to a transport
medium typically coax or fiber-optic cable -- that provides
wireless
i l
service
i within
ithi a b
building
ildi or structure.
t t
The DAS can be driven by a direct connection to a radio
base station or an off
off-air
air repeater/signal booster
booster.
More on this latter

Market Drivers

DAS Market in 2000 That was then

Wireless services primarily limited to voice

In-building expectations were low among commercial customers

Coverage was a carrier problem

No enterprise budget for DAS

Customers looked to their primary carrier for coverage

Customers accepted carrier terms in exchange for DAS

Fiber DAS technology was new and single-carrier

Carriers were the main purchasers of DAS systems

DAS Market Drivers

Mobile Data and Cellular Growth

70% of mobile calls originating indoors, reliable wireless

communication is a must-have productivity tool
Smartphones and air cards
Data revenue and usage growth
VZW 2Q2009 data revenue up 52.6% to $3.9B
AT&T 2Q2009 data revenue up 37% to $3.4B (108B text
messages)

Wireless data revenue 28% of total wireless

Wireless data drives demand for in-building cellular across the
board

4G

DAS Market drivers

Mandates for radio service for Public Safety

MandatesforradioserviceforPublicSafety

Since 9/11, renewed focus on fail-proof emergency

communications, especially for first-responders
700 & 800 MHz bands allocated for Fire and Police
Indoor Cellular/PCS service required for E911 location
ICC & NFPA 72 codes describe first-responder coverage specs
150+ local municipalities now mandate public safety coverage
inside large buildings for new and existing venues
Hundreds of thousands of wireless 911 calls made daily
(CTIA Wireless
Wi l
Semi-Annual
S iA
lS
Survey, JJuly
l 2009)

Market Evolution
Product Need
ProductNeed

SingleCarrier Solutions
SingleCarrierSolutionsMultiCarrierSolutions
MultiCarrier Solutions

Bandwidth

Buyers

Narrowband

Wireless Carriers
WirelessCarriers

Yesterday

Today

Broadband

Enterprise

Tomorrow

DAS Going Mainstream

DASMarketplace
Lowvoltage
Service
Evolution

Voice / Data / Video / Security / WiFi

Voice/Data/Video/Security/Wi
Fi / DAS
DAS

DASSupplier
Evolution

RadioDealers/VARs/ElecContractors&Integrators

Yesterday

Today

Tomorrow

The Players in the DAS Ecosystem

Enduser
Customer

Who Needs a DAS ?

Common DAS Venues

Corporate offices (Fortune 500)

Multi-tenant high-rise buildings
University campuses
Hospitals / Health Care facilities
Manufacturing facilities
Upscale hotels and high-rise condos
Casinos
Stadiums / Sports Venues
Convention centers
Federal/local Government facilities

LowEGlass
LowEGlassreflects
orabsorbsIRlight
(heat energy) AND
(heatenergy)AND
radiowaves,causing
majorinbuilding
wirelesscoverage
problems.

Wireless Drivers in Healthcare

Mobile Workforce: doctors, patients, and visitors expect

mobile p
phones to work throughout
g
the hospital
p
and rely
y on
the Cellular/PCS WAN network for data services

Emergency Services: Police, Fire and EMS need their

radios to work in all areas of the hospital.

Family members in hospital and waiting rooms need to

communicate frequently to friends and family back home
via mobile devices

Enhancing coverage of paging and the private 2-way radio

network

Traditional business and data applications are going

wireless

Wireless Drivers in Higher Education

First-responders need reliable 2-way radio

coverage
g in all buildings,
g , tunnels,, basements,, etc.

Student and faculty multi-carrier cell phone

coverage is a matter of convenience and safety

Demand for coverage in sport stadiums

Parents want instant access to their kids

Students use wireless as primary mode of voice

and data communications

Colleges/universities are decommissioning land

lines in dorms and buildings

Universities are using email / websites to

communicate with students and faculty

Wireless Drivers in Hospitality

Unlike a university or hospital, hotel and casino

customers can stay/go
y g elsewhere if they
y experience
p
poor cellular coverage

Travelers reliant on smart phones and data cards

Customer satisfaction and retention is driving DAS in

the hospitality sector

A meeting planner that books a conference at a hotel

with poor cellular coverage will only make that mistake
once

Resort properties: how may people turn-off their

BlackBerrys when theyre on a short vacation? What
corner of the property gets coverage?

Similar to higher-education, hotel Wi-Fi deployment is

likely a leading indicator for future DAS deployments

Wireless Drivers in Public Venues

Stadiums, conference centers, malls and public

transportation
p
hubs have too many
y users trying
y g
to access the wireless network simultaneously

Large concentrations of people causes poor

service, dropped calls

Density of users affects venue directly AND

wireless coverage and capacity in the
surrounding areas

Wireless network must support Public Safety and

communications for security personnel

Local codes

In-Building Basics

How It Works Single Site

Donor
Antenna
Coverage
Antennas

Coax

Public Safety
Donor Site

Coax
Cabling
Fiber Distribution
Remote Unit

Fiber
Distribution
Head- End
Equipment

Bi-directional
Amplifier or Repeater
Fiber
Cabling

Head-End
Equipment Room

Cellular
Signal
Source

DAS in multi-site or Campus setting

Donor
Antenna

Coax
Cabling

Fiber
Cabling
Fiber R
Fib
Remote
t U
Units
it
or Expansion Hubs

Fiber Links

H dE d
Head-End
Equipment Room

The Deployment Process

The Connectivity Wireless Solution

Coverage Needs Analysis

Coverage Needs Analysis

Key measurements that demonstrate signal quality

RSSI / Received Signal Strength Indicator
Measured in dBm
-85 dBm is the typical threshold
Lower dBm ( e.g. -95 dBm) = lower signal

RF Q
Quality
lit
Typically a Signal to Noise based ratio Ec/Io, SQE, C/I
Thresholds vary per service provider
Noisy room example (high rise)

Delivered Audio Quality (DAQ) for Public Safety

Typical specification requires levels of DAQ 3.4 by definition is:
Speech understandable without repetition. Some noise or distortion present.

Bit Error Rate / Ratio (BER) for Public Safety

Also a Signal to Noise based ratio Eb/No

Coverage Needs Analysis

Site Survey

Site Survey
Installation/Donor Signal Assessment

Dominant Server Analysis measure strength (RSSI) & quality (Ec/Io,

(Ec/Io C/I,
C/I SQE) of
donor signal(s) to determine ideal RF donor sites
Spectrum Snapshots identify potential interference and noise floor design
considerations
In-Building Transmitter Tests (When Warranted) analyze complex RF
environment path losses using Praxsym transmitters and Anritsu spectrum analyzers
Installation Considerations & Pictures document key equipment locations,
installation concerns, and notes directly on the building floor plans for easy reference
and design translation
Code & Safety Documentation maintain client, industry & government safety
regulations
Scope Confirmation confirm end user expectations match customer scope
Site Survey Package (A la carte) - includes documentation of the preceding
information

Site Survey

Scope of Project
Floors and Square Footage
Service Providers
Building
B ildi Environment
E i
t (dense,
(d
open floor,
fl
etc)
t )

Floor Plans
Updated,
Updated accurate,
accurate interior walling

Rooftop signal strength

Phones and Spectrum Analyzer readings

Site Survey: Additional Questions

Existing RF systems currently deployed

Roof Mount Area & access

Head-End Equipment Room

Power and Wall Space

MDF and IDF locations

Type of cable fire vs. plenum

Public Safety frequency list

In-Building Design

Design

iBwave (RF-Vu + RF-Propagation) Industry standard software that

predicts wireless coverage for all major wireless technologies (iDEN
(iDEN, CDMA
CDMA,
GSM, WiMAX, 802.11b/g/a) for a variety of DAS technologies used to
produce:
Design Drawings are highly detailed & accurate depiction of equipment
placement including riser diagrams and floor by floor layouts
Heat Maps are color coded representation of predicted received RF levels

Bill of Materials Development determining accurate material quantities

and types based upon technical requirements and cost

Design Package Scope of Work, Bill of Materials, Link Budgets & Design
Drawings

Design

We know the scope, carriers, and donor signals

Now what?

Type of DAS
Coax , CAT6 or Fiber

Head End Location

E i
Equipment
t manufacturers
f t
Andrew, LGC, Mobile Access and SOLiD

Design: Typical Frequency Bands & Technologies

AT&T: 850/1900 MHz

GSM and UMTS/WCDMA

Verizon: 700/850/1900 MHz

LTE,CDMA and EVDO

Nextel: 800/900 MHz

iDEN/SMR

Sprint PCS: 1900 MHz

CDMA and EVDO

T-Mobile:
T
Mobile: 1900/2100 MHz

GSM and AWS

Public Safety: VHF(150-174MHz), UHF(450-470MHz), 700/800 MHz

Federal Government: VHF & UHF

Design

Design

Design

Design

Installation

Installation: How Connectivity Does It

Install In-Building Distributed Antenna Systems of All

Sizes (5k - > 5M ft2)

Offer Turn-Key or Stand-Alone Installation Services

g Standardized Installations Nationwide

Manage

Provide On-Site Project Management for Each

Installation

Maintain
M
i t i P
Professionalism
f
i
li
iis P
Paramountt tto
Connectivity Motto

Create As-Built Documentation for Each Project

CWS partners with preferred contractors for

install

Commissioning

Commissioning
Commissioning Services
Coaxial Cable and Fiber Testing
Coaxial Cable Sweeps
Fiber OTDR Results

Active Component Commissioning

Bi-Directional Amplifier
p
((BDA)) Set-Up
p
Fiber DAS Commissioning (ADC, Andrew,
SOLiD)
Measure and Record RF Input/Output
L
Levels
l ffor All A
Active
ti and
d passive
i DAS
Components

Customer Defined Checklists

Maintenance

Maintenance Services

Preventive Maintenance Routines

Quarterly, Semi-Annual, or Annual

Cable Sweeps and OTDR testing
Comparison of baseline RF to current RF environment
Equipment inventorying and labeling
U d t as-built
Update
b ilt documentation
d
t ti

Response & Repair

24x7x365
Customized SLAs and Maintenance Contracts
Regular Updates

Ticket received, in-route, on-site, problem isolated, problem fixed

System
y
Monitoring
g

Monitor In-Building DAS elements from all vendors

System impairment communication management
Personnel dispatch
24x7x365
Customized Monitoring Contracts

Carrier Coordination

Carrier Coordination

Necessary to obtain permission from wireless service providers

Purchased frequencies from FCC/US Government

Re-transmission agreements
Repeaters or microcell/base station

Potential RF issues generated

Noise
N i flfloor, oscillation,
ill ti
ffrequency-specific,
ifi etc
t

Carrier monitoring/database

Coexisting with Public Safety systems

Thank You
Warren Wiggins
National Sales Manager
678.751.1036
wwiggins@connectivitywireless.com

Bill Everts
Regional Sales Manager
630.235.0785
beverts.connectivitywireless.com