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Table of Contents
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
The Sun Fire V210 and Sun Fire V240 Servers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Multi-tiered Data Center Architectures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
High-Density, Serviceable, Rack-Centric Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Sun Fire V210 and Sun Fire V240 Server Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
Motherboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Sun Crypto Accelerator 500 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
System Configuration Card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Diagnostics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Rack-Mount Enclosure and Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Environmental and Safety Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Software for Highly-Available Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
Integrated Web Services and Management Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Solaris Operating Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Remote Management Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Resource Management Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Services to Improve Data Center Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Professional Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Workforce Development Solutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Proactive System Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Sun Remote Services Event Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
SunTone Certification and Branding Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
Introduction P1
Chapter 1
Introduction
Growing demand for scalable and available services coupled with modern economic realities are
re-shaping the design of the multi-tiered datacenter. Now more than ever, availability of key
services can dictate success or failure, with stringent service-level agreements increasingly
common. At the same time, today’s challenging economic climate means that successful
organizations must look beyond initial system cost to issues such as total cost of ownership (TCO)
and investment protection to make sure their decisions make long-term business sense.
Many organizations have realized that filling racks with inexpensive servers is only part of the
solution. The administrative costs of dealing with hundreds or thousands of systems — installing
and replacing systems, managing software and enforcing security — can quickly drive TCO
upward. In addition, systems can become unavailable for a variety of reasons ranging from
hardware failure to security issues to a lack of individual system performance and scalability.
Systems that aren’t available are the most expensive of all, causing lost productivity, broken
service-level agreements and revised customer loyalties.
Sun understands that thin servers have the same needs as traditional servers in terms of
performance, reliability, stability, security, scalability and manageability. As a result,
Sun Fire V210 and Sun Fire V240 servers are designed to be affordable without compromising
essential data center functionality. Running the proven Solaris Operating Environment (OE) and
compatible with the rest of Sun’s high-performance family of UltraSPARC servers, these systems
provide the performance, scalability and expandable capacity to help organizations anticipate
rapidly changing situations. With dual processor capabilities and leading price/performance
ratios, Sun Fire V210 and Sun Fire V240 Server also address increasing requirements for network
bandwidth, secure network transactions and manageability in a compact, rack-mount enclosure.
P2 The Sun Fire V210 and Sun Fire V240 Servers ©2002 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
Ultimately, the services provided by thin servers must be available — and that requires a
comprehensive approach that considers people, process and product. This document describes
the system architecture of Sun Fire V210 and Sun Fire V240 servers along with key software for
remote management, resource management and key services that promote available application
delivery in the datacenter.
By layering functions into multiple tiers, organizations can optimize scalability, availability,
manageability and security by using techniques appropriate for each tier, for example:
• Edge Servers in Tier-0 provide services such as caching, encryption and VPN to improve band-
width, security and performance for servers in tiers 1-3. Because of the nature of the services
they host, these systems are typically horizontally scaled with availability provided through
multiple redundant servers.
• Web Servers in Tier-1 are generally stateless and can be horizontally scaled as a way to rapidly
respond to increasing workloads, dramatically increasing availability over a single server.
Throughput is key, as well as the ability to dynamically provision systems in response to chang-
ing workloads.
• Application Servers in Tier-2 must execute complex business rules, broker requests for content
from the database and store user-session state. Because of the compute power required in this
tier, vertical scaling is used for performance, with horizontal scaling used for availability.
• Database Servers in Tier-3 store an organization’s most important information in the form of
business-critical data and are protected from end users by two security layers. Because data-
base applications are highly stateful, they are often deployed in asymmetric clustered configu-
rations, with one active and one hot stand-by server. Capacity in terms of transactions per
second is key for this tier.
Sun Fire V210 servers are well suited for horizontally-scaled deployment at Tier-0 and Tier-1
where their considerable network throughput and accelerated authentication and encryption
capabilities provide enhanced performance. Sun Fire V240 servers are appropriate for Tier-1 and
Tier-2 deployment where their multi-processor performance and large memory capacities
accelerate key application services. Ideal infrastructure and application services for Sun Fire V210
and Sun Fire V240 servers are shown in Table 1-1.
P4 High-density, Serviceable, Rack-Centric Design ©2002 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
Media streaming
(audio/video) and yes yes
messaging
Network
infrastructure
(NIS/DNS/ LDAP/ yes yes
DHCP, proxy/cache,
load balancing,
wireless)
Security (SSL
encryption, VPN, ideal ideal
AAA, firewalls)
Table 1-2 compares the features of the Sun Fire V210 and Sun Fire V240 servers
Table 1-2: Sun Fire V210 and Sun Fire V240 server
capabilities
Height 1 RU 2 RU
Hard disk drive bays 2 Ultra 160 SCSI 4 Ultra 160 SCSI
The keyswitch provided on the Sun Fire V240 server provides added control over the system
power state as well as the level of diagnostics and security for server operation. The keyswitch can
be used to:
• Disable button and/or remote power control
• Force the system into the standby state
• Write-protect internal PROMs (OBP, POST and System Management Controller PROMs)
• Force diagnostics tests (POST) during system boot
• Disable suspension to the boot prom or kernel debuggers (such as Kadb)
©2002 Sun Microsystems, Inc. Sun Fire V210 and Sun Fire V240 Server Architecture P7
Chapter 2
Motherboard
Sun Fire V210 and Sun Fire V240 servers utilize a state-of-the-art compact motherboard. Features
integrated into, or supported by the motherboard include:
• Up to two UltraSPARC IIIi processors, each with 1MB L2 cache
• Flash PROM housing the system firmware, internal diagnostics and power-on self-test (POST)
• Eight Sun DDR-1 SDRAM PC2100 DIMM slots (four per processor)
• Four 10/100/1000Base-T Ethernet ports
• Internal Ultra 160 SCSI connector for internal hard disks
• External Ultra 160 SCSI connector for optional mass storage devices
• Two asychronous serial ports (one general-purpose, one for server management)
• One 10Base-T server management port
• Two USB ports
• One (Sun Fire V210) or three (Sun Fire V240) full-length PCI slots
• Daughter-board connector for the optional Sun Crypto Accelerator 500 (SCA-500)
• System management controller service processor for remote management (ALOM)
Figure 2-1 provides a block-level diagram of the motherboard in both Sun Fire V210 and Sun
Fire V240 servers and illustrates the components that provide key functionality. These components
are discussed in the sections that follow.
P8 Motherboard ©2002 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
L2 Cache
Instruction (1 MB)
Buffer
Provided in a 959-pin ceramic uPGA package, the highly-integrated UltraSPARC IIIi processor is
fabricated using a seven-layer 0.13 micron copper process that results in a processor that
consumes less than 50 watts at 1 GHz — ideal for high-density server implementations.
Memory Subsystem
Leveraging the integrated memory controller in the UltraSPARC IIIi processor, Sun Fire V210 and
Sun Fire V240 servers feature a memory system which uses standard memory for easy
expandability and lower total cost of ownership. The on-board memory controller negotiates each
CPU-memory transaction with minimal latency and the system provides minimal overhead for
data transactions that access memory controlled by the other CPU.
Up to four 72-bit DDR1 registered DIMMs are supported by each UltraSPARC IIIi processor,
allowing memory capacity and bandwidth to scale with the number of processors installed. The
systems initially support 256 MB, 512 MB and 1 GB (Sun Fire V240 only) DDR1 DIMMS (installed in
groups of two) for a maximum system memory capacity of 8 GB in the Sun Fire V240 and 4 GB in the
Sun Fire V210. The memory data path is 128 bits of data with 9 bits allocated for error correction
code (ECC).
Sun Fire V210 and Sun Fire V240 servers feature a 1MB secondary (L2) cache internal to the
UltraSPARC IIIi processor. Beyond providing increased reliability and reduced system cost, this
approach provides a high-throughput cache interface with a peak bandwidth of 19.2 gigabytes
per second.
I/O access to main memory. In addition, the JIO Hostbridge ASICs support PCI DMA write and read
bursts of 1 KB (32-bit PCI) and 2 KB (64-bit PCI) with no disconnect. 64-byte PCI DMA writes are
executed at peak PCI bus throughput.
Each of the two JIO Hostbridge ASICs provides two 64-bit interfaces (one at 33MHz, the other
at 66MHz) that are both compliant with industry-standard PCI 2.2. Two PCI buses are provided by
each J-Bus/PCI controller for a total of four system PCI buses for internal and external controllers
and devices. Depending on the system, these PCI buses in turn support:
• Ultra 160 SCSI controller (for internal disk drives) and external Ultra 160 SCSI port (for arrays)
• Optional Sun Crypto Accelerator 500 module
• Two auto-negotiating gigabit Ethernet controllers
• South Bridge general I/O ASIC
• One 64-bit 33MHz/66MHz card slot
• Two PCI 64-bit 33MHz card slots (Sun Fire V240 server only)
Figure 2-3: The Sun Fire V210 and Sun Fire V240
servers offer a wealth of networking and I/O Power inlet Serial (10101) PCI Slot
options
Ethernet Mgt.
Serial Mgt. Ethernet USB Ultra 160 SCSI
Sun Fire V210 Server
Ethernet Mgt.
Serial Mgt. Ethernet USB Ultra 160 SCSI
Sun Fire V240 Server
Ethernet ports
To support increasing demands for both high bandwidth and multiple network connectivity, all
Sun Fire V210 and Sun Fire V240 servers provide four 10/100/1000 Mbps (gigabit) Ethernet
connectors standard. Gigabit Ethernet technology from Sun is backwards compatible with 10
Mbps and 100 Mbps Ethernet, with the speed being auto-negotiated by the interface. All four
Ethernet interfaces on Sun Fire V210 and Sun Fire 240 servers supports access through an RJ-45
connector. An additional 10 Mbps Ethernet connection provides access to the System
Management Controller ASIC and ALOM remote management capabilities via a separate RJ-45
connector.
Serial ports
Serial ports provide a convenient way to connect Sun Fire V210 and Sun Fire V240 servers to
terminal and other serial devices and both systems include two asynchronous serial ports. The
serial A port (RJ-45 connector) is used as a console and serial interface to the System Management
Controller ASIC and ALOM remote management capabilities. The serial B port (DB-9 connector,
labeled 10101) can be used for general serial connectivity and supports asynchronous transfers at
up to 460 Kbaud.
USB ports
Two USB ports provide a convenient way to connect a keyboard and mouse to Sun Fire V210 and
Sun Fire V240 servers as well as hand-held devices for configuration management. In addition,
USB-based peripheral devices supported by third parties, such as ZIP drives and printers, as well
as external CD-ROM and DVD-ROM drives can be attached using the USB ports.
UltraSCSI port
An external Ultra 160 SCSI connector is provided for driving additional UltraSCSI devices such as
Sun StorEdge disk arrays.
P12 Sun Crypto Accelerator 500 ©2002 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
Power supplies
Power connection to Sun Fire V210 and Sun Fire V240 servers is also located on the back panel. For
enhanced reliability and availability, the Sun Fire V240 server features hot-swappable dual-
redundant power supply units, each with a separate power cord. Either power supply unit is
capable of running the Sun Fire V240 server in the absence of the other. The Sun Fire V210 server
features a single (non hot-swappable) power supply.
RSA X X X X
DSA X X X X
Diffie-Hellman — — X X
DES X X X X
3DES — — X X
ARCFOUR — — — X
©2002 Sun Microsystems, Inc. Sun Fire V210 and Sun Fire V240 Server Architecture P13
The SCA-500 daughter card interfaces with specific drivers based on the Web server software
that is deployed on the server, selecting appropriate authentication and encryption modules. For
example, the SCA-500 module uses Network Secure Server (NSS) via the PKCS 11 public interface
for Sun ONE Web Server and OpenSSL via the mod_ssl libraries for the Apache Web server software
(Figure 2-4).
Figure 2-4: The Sun Crypto Accelerator 500
module accelerates Sun ONE Web Server and Sun ONE Web Server
Apache Web Server
Apache Web server authentication and bulk Sun One Portal Server
encryption via appropriate protocols and
methods Public interface
Public interface
NSS (EAPI)
(Sun One SSL)
mod_ssl
Public interface (module to link SSL)
Drivers
Private interface
Diagnostics
The Sun Fire V210 and Sun Fire V240 servers have been designed for easy diagnosis and problem
repair. Supporting this design are several PROM-resident and UNIX platform-based diagnostic
programs that can be applied by end-users and service personnel.
Power-On Self-Test
Under user control, a power-on self-test (POST) can be automatically executed to test the system
board, NVRAM, on-board I/O devices and memory system each time power is applied to the
system. While not intended to be a comprehensive diagnostic, POST can quickly establish that no
severe problems exist with the system. POST tests may be monitored via a serial-port connection
to a terminal server, another desktop system, or a dumb terminal.
SunVTS
The SunVTS system exerciser is a graphically-oriented UNIX application that permits the
continuous exercising of system resources and internal and external peripheral equipment. Used
P14 Rack-Mount Enclosure and Power ©2002 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
Chapter 3
appreciate key functionality that aids in the constant and consistent delivery of applications and
services to customers:
• High performance through a complete 64-bit computing environment, enabling the delivery
of applications and services to large numbers of users.
• Extended security features through authentication, data integrity, data privacy and single
sign-on capabilities so that tampering, snooping and eavesdropping do not compromise data
or associated transactions.
• Enhanced scalability with a 64-bit kernel that enables access to more system resources and
the ability to consolidate applications onto a single server.
• Superior reliability and availability for maximum data and application accessibility, with fea-
tures such as on-line patch installations without the need for system downtime.
• Software investment protection, with complete binary compatibility. Additional options, such
as Solaris Resource Manager and Solaris Bandwidth Manager, build upon the reliability
and scalability of the Solaris Operating Environment to help deliver a comprehensive plat-
form infrastructure.
Chapter 4
Professional Services
Sun Professional Services teams help organizations create the right infrastructure based on Sun
Fire V210 and Sun Fire V240 systems through several services:
• The Sun Fire Application Readiness Service provides implementation and project management
• The Sun Fire Data Center Readiness Service addresses configuration, design and testing,
change management and process and documentation issues
• The SunReadySM Availability Assessment Service identifies the gaps and assesses the risks in an
architecture or operational environment, as well as evaluating the organizational structure or
personnel skill levels in a particular application environment that may affect availability
• Mainframe Migration Services help a growing computing environment prepare to take
advantage of the latest technologies in hardware, software and middleware
P22 Workforce Development Solutions ©2002 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
Chapter 5
Conclusion
Today’s organizations are facing many challenges. Data centers must be on-line 24 hours a day
and systems must be managed to handle peak loads without disruption or service degradation.
Computing infrastructure must be able to scale both horizontally and vertically — without
downtime or unnecessary system complexity. Organizations must find ways to deal with server
sprawl and manage thousands of servers in heterogeneous environments spread across the globe
while keeping corporate, and user information secure. As if these tasks weren’t challenging
enough, organizations must provide solutions at lower costs.
Sun Fire V210 and Sun Fire V240 servers set a new standard for cost-effective expandable
multi-processor high-density server-based computing. Designed with data center environments in
mind, these servers offer sophisticated functionality in a compact design. The enhanced
networking capacity and bandwidth along with security acceleration make these systems ideal for
applications where network throughput is key. High-performance multi-processor capabilities
make the Sun Fire V210 and Sun Fire V240 servers ideal for high-performance application server
deployments as well. The standard advanced system management techniques, remote
management tools and advanced lights-out-management (ALOM) capabilities provided with these
systems give organizations highly- manageable Sun servers with the serviceability and compact
footprint that data centers demand at affordable costs that rival those of less capable systems.
Sun has been developing high performance, robust computing technology for over twenty
years. In a world where technology advances at breakneck speeds, companies are looking to
forge alliances that enable them to capitalize on each other’s strengths. The combination of
Sun systems, the Solaris Operating Environment, remote management tools and key
technologies like advanced lights-out-management join forces in Sun Fire V210 and
Sun Fire V240 servers to enable organizations to capitalize on the power of low cost thin server
computing.
P26 ©2002 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
©2002 Sun Microsystems, Inc. References P27
References
Sun Microsystems posts product information in the form of data sheets, specifications and white
papers on its Internet World Wide Web Home page at: http://www.sun.com. Look for the these
and other Sun technology white papers:
The product described in this manual may be protected by one or more U.S. patents, foreign patents, or pending applications.
TRADEMARKS
Sun, Sun Microsystems, the Sun logo, Sun Fire, Solaris, Sun StorEdge, SunVTS, Solaris JumpStart, SunReady Services, SunSpectrum, SunSpectrum Platinum, SunSpectrum Gold,
SunTone, and SunTone Certified logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the United States and other countries.
All SPARC trademarks are used under license and are trademarks or registered trademarks of SPARC International, Inc. in the United States and other countries. Products bearing
SPARC trademarks are based upon an architecture developed by Sun Microsystems, Inc.
UNIX is a registered trademark in the United States and other countries, exclusively licensed through X/Open Company, Ltd.
THIS PUBLICATION IS PROVIDED “AS IS” WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MER-
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THIS PUBLICATION COULD INCLUDE TECHNICAL INACCURACIES OR TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS. CHANGES ARE PERIODICALLY ADDED TO THE INFORMATION HEREIN; THESE CHANGES
WILL BE INCORPORATED IN NEW EDITIONS OF THE PUBLICATION. SUN MICROSYSTEMS, INC. MAY MAKE IMPROVEMENTS AND/OR CHANGES IN THE PRODUCT(S) AND/OR THE PRO-
GRAM(S) DESCRIBED IN THIS PUBLICATION AT ANY TIME.
Whitepaper On the Web sun.com/servers/
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