NATIONAL MANAGEMENT

COLLEGE
SENIOR MANAGEMENT WING

15th SENIOR MANAGEMENT COURSE

INDIVIDUAL RESEARCH PAPER
ON

INTERPOL AN IMPORTANT TOOL TO FIGHT

GLOBAL CRIMES
WITH RESPECT TO PAKISTAN
BY
SHUJA NAVEED
(EX-CADRE FIA)
A paper submitted to the Faculty of the Senior Management Wing, National
Management College, Lahore, in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the 15 th
Senior Management Course.
The paper reflects my own views and is not necessarily endorsed by the
faculty or the college.

Signature:
......................................
Dated: 05-05 -14

Paper Supervised by:

MR.. INTISAR AHMAD KHAN
Directing Staf

PREFACE
INTERPOL is a an important tool to fight the newly emerging crimes across
the global borders. The paradigm shift in technological expansion and new
inventions during the last century and the rapid use of these technological
advancement by the criminals has given an edge to these miscreants over
the law enforcing agencies of the world which keeps them much ahead of
the Police Agencies however INTERPOL is one such global organization
which not only gathers data of the new techniques being adopted by the
criminals but also suggests and cooperates in apprehending them. The
Law enforcing agencies due to ignorance of the crime fighting tools and
capacity building being ofered by the Organization to combat such cross
border crimes and new technologically advanced crimes, remain a step
behind such elements which is true even for the Police Agencies of the
developed world. The basic idea and reason of this research is to bring the
scattered information regarding the working of INTERPOL on one platform
and introduce its various beneficial tools to the Law enforcing Agencies of
Pakistan.
This individual research paper has been prepared as part of the 15 th
Senior Management Course. The finalization of it has been made possible
by the able supervision of my Faculty Advisor Mr.. Intisar Ahmad Khan
and the faculty of Senior Management Wing. It is necessary to mention here
that without the help of Mr. Maqsood ul Hassan ex- Deputy Chief of NCB
Islamabad, Mr.. IMr.an Shahid Officer in charge NCB Islamabad, Mr.. Ghyas
Anwar Deputy Director Technical and Inspector FIA Mr. Rana Iftikhar
Communication Officer I-24/7 , this research Paper could not have been
completed. Hence I am deeply indebted to them for their continuous
help, guidance, encouragement and interest I am also thankful to the IT
staf who helped me in preparation of this research paper.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Though INTERPOL is one of the oldest Organization which has existed in one form
or
the
other
since
early
20th
century
when
means
of
transportation/communication became rapid and the cross border crime
increased, no serious eforts has been made to make the tools of INTERPOL easy
to access by the Law enforcing Agencies. With the use of INTERPOL tools, it also
became easier for the Law enforcing Agencies to apprehend criminals and law
breakers. With the advent of new ways and means of communications the LEAs
can pursue their accused without having to practically cross borders and make
long journeys. The idea of formation of INTERPOL arose when diplomacy could
not provide solutions to the nuisance of crime. Crimes and criminals know no
boundaries. The diplomatic channels are slow and cumbersome thus the need for
cooperation was very essential to put a stop or at least slow down the ever
increasing illegal activities of the ofenders. Various tools and facilitation
arrangements were adopted to curb the illegal acts of the criminals which are
and updated and upgraded by INTERPOL to provide all possible assistance to its
member states. This research paper has provided the historical perspective of
the need for such organization, its importance throughout the globe to combat
the changing faces of crimes and its efectiveness.
The role of National Central Bureau Islamabad which is the front line contact
office of INTERPOL in Pakistan has been discussed at length in section 111 and
section 1V and necessary recommendations has been highlighted to make full
use of the facilitations being extended by this Organization. Pakistani Law
Enforcing Agencies as whole are not very conversed with INTERPOL and
therefore are not able to utilize the criminal data and facilities which has resulted
in the inefficiency of our legal system, using old methods of interrogation and
investigations. This research paper shall provide a deep study of what is being
done to facilitate them in their investigation and collection of evidence for a
successful trial in the courts of Law and also keeping them abreast with the new
developments in this field across the globe. The attention of concerned
authorities has also been invited to bring about slight changes in the Criminal
Procedure Codes and Qanoon-e-Shahadat (evidence Act) of Pakistan to bring the
evidence collected through INTERPOL within the ambit of our judicial courts of
Law.

Other short comings like placing of INTERPOL and its activities on a low priority
note, and ignoring its importance due to lesser knowledge and not being wellversed as to the actual working of INTERPOL has also been highlighted in the
Research Paper. Most member countries of the world which includes our Regional
neigbours India, China, Bangladesh, middle Eastern Countries has placed
activities of INTERPOL on the top priority list of their Law enforcing Agencies
whereas in our country even the top management seems to be not conversed
with INTERPOL and its role in combating crimes on a global level which has
severely damaged the efficiency of our Law enforcing agency in the global
perspective. This Research Paper shall go a long way to at least introduce the
Organization to the policy makers and implementers besides used as guideline to
the officers of the Law enforcing Agencies of Pakistan.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

INTERPOL
INTRODUCTION:
International Police organization or INTERPOL is the worlds largest
international police organization, with 190 member states. The
organization functions as focal point around the globe to combat crimes.
Its role is to allow Police organizations of all member states around the
world to come together and combat crimes within and outside their
borders of jurisdiction to make the world a safer place for mankind. The
high-tech infrastructure of technical and operational supports helps ward
of the growing challenges of crimes in the 21 st Century which has seen a
dramatic change in the modus operandi of organized and non-organized
criminal activities by the criminals where the barriers of borders,
language, culture and distances has lost its importance to stop criminals
from crossing borders. Cross border crimes is on the increase since the
onset of 21st century with shifting trends in crimes.
The 190 member countries of INTERPOL are listed below.
Afghanistan

Curaao

Latvia

Albania

Cyprus

Lebanon

Algeria

Czech Republic

Lesotho

American Samoa

Denmark

Liberia

Andorra

Djibouti

Libya

Grenad

Angola

Dominica

Liechtenstein

Anguilla

Dominican Republic

Lithuania

Antigua and

East Timor

Luxembourg

Ecuador

Macau

Egypt

Macedonia

El Salvador

Madagascar

Equatorial Guinea

Malawi

Eritrea

Malaysia

Estonia

Maldives

Ethiopia

Mali

Fiji

Malta

Finland

Marshall Islands

France

Mauritania

Gabon

Mauritius

Gambia

Mexico

Georgia

Moldova

Germany

Monaco

Ghana

Mongolia

Gibraltar

Montenegro

Greece

Montserrat

Grenada

Morocco

Guatemala

Mozambique

Botswana

Guinea

Myanmar

Brazil

Guinea-Bissau

Namibia

Prncipe
Barbuda
Argentina
Armenia
Aruba
Australia
Austria
Azerbaijan
Bahamas
Bahrain
Bangladesh
Barbados
Belarus
Belgium
Belize
Benin
Bermuda
Bhutan
Bolivia
Bosnia and
Herzegovina

British Virgin Islands

Guyana

Nauru

Brunei

Haiti

Nepal

Bulgaria

Honduras

Netherlands

Burkina Faso

Hong Kong

New Zealand

Burundi

Hungary

Nicaragua

Cambodia

Iceland

Cameroon

India

Nigeria

Canada

Indonesia

Norway

Cape Verde

Iran

Oman

Cayman Islands

Iraq

Pakistan

Central African

Ireland

Panama

Israel

Papua New Guinea

Italy

Paraguay

Jamaica

Peru

Japan

Philippines

Jordan

Poland

Kazakhstan

Portugal

Kenya

Puerto Rico

Republic of Korea

Qatar

Kuwait

Romania

Kyrgyzstan

Russia

Niger

Republic
Chad
Chile
China
Colombia
Comoros
Republic of the
Congo
Congo (Democratic
Rep.)
Costa Rica
Cte d'Ivoire
Laos
Croatia
Cuba

WORLDWIDE POLICE AND LAW ENFORCING AGENCIES SUPPORT:

INTERPOL works to ensure that Law enforcing Agencies around the world
have access to the tools and services necessary to fight international and
national crimes efectively. INTERPOL provides targeted capacity building
training, expert investigative support, necessary data and above all
secure communications channels between the law enforcing Agencies of
member countries and INTERPOL Secretariat General (IPSG), Lyon, France.
This Combined framework and efort helps the Law enforcing Agencies of
Member States and INTERPOL , on the understandings of Crime trends
invogue, analyze the information received from every nook and corner of
the globe, conduct mutual beneficial operations, ultimately resulting in the
arrest of criminals who would go unpunished otherwise.

NEUTRALITY
INTERPOL aims to facilitate international police and other law enforcing
Agencies like Border Police, Customs, anti-corruption agencies, AntiNarcotic forces criminal investigative departments and other specialized
task forces of each member country through police cooperation even
where diplomatic relations do not exist between particular countries.
INTERPOL acts within the limits of existing laws in diferent countries and
in the spirit of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Its Constitution
prohibits any intervention or activities of a political, military, religious or
racial character'.
VISION AND MISSION
INTERPOL vision is: "Connecting police for a safer world" and its Mission
is: "Preventing and fighting crime through enhanced cooperation and
innovation on police and security matters".
The vision of INTERPOL is that of a world where each and every law
enforcement professional will be able through INTERPOL to securely
communicate, share and access vital police information whenever and
wherever needed, ensuring the safety of the world's citizens. The
organization constantly provides and promotes innovative and cutting
edge solutions to global challenges in policing and security.
INTERPOL facilitates the widest and state of the art, possible mutual
assistance between all criminal law enforcement authorities around the
world. It ensures to foster continuous improvement in the capacity and
ability of police to prevent and fight crime and the development of knowledge
and skills necessary for efective international policing.

A GLOBAL PRESENCE
The General Secretariat is located in Lyon, France, and operates 24 hours
a day, 365 days a year manned by staf from among the member states.
In addition to the General Secretariat INTERPOL also has seven regional
offices across the globe and a representative office at the United Nations
in New York besides the European Union in Brussels for close coordination
with the Euro Police. Each of the 190 member countries maintains a
National Central Bureau (NCB) stafed by its own highly trained law
enforcement officials who are trained to meet the requirement and
demand
of
an
international
Police
organization.
INTERPOL
constitution forbids it, from undertaking interventions or activities of a
political, military, religious, or racial nature though UN Special Notices are
being issued in cases of global nature where genocide or crime against
humanity has been committed and the International Courts of Justice
issues warrants of arrest of such criminals who may have or are military,
religious or racial politicians or leaders.
Statement of Problem
Our law enforcing Agencies can curb the Global Crimes with the help of
existing Interpol technical facilities and slight changes in our prevalent
laws qand infrastructure.
Scope of Study:
The scope of the study has been confined to examine the role of INTERPOL as a
global crime combating tool with specific reference to Pakistan and further
improvements to take complete advantage of its technical facilities which it
provides to deal with cross border crimes besides the cooperation it can provide
to our Law enforcing Agencies in the emerging changes in the methods and
modus operandi of criminals in the light of the paradigm shift in the use of
modern technologies in the commissions of crimes.

Methodology
The study has been conducted on the basis of extensive review of the
literature displayed on the INTERPOL website and I-24/7 Communication system
dashboard as well NCB Islamabad Case files besides interviewing the Officer
Incharge NCB Mr. IMr.an Shahid and the Technical Expert of NCB Islamabad Mr..
Ghyas Anwar besides secondary data analysis to ascertain the best use of
INTERPOL for the benefit of our Law Enforcing Agencies.

WORKING AND CONSTITUTION OF INTERPOL

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All the activities of the organization are driven by member Countries,

within a clear frame work of governing bodies and statutory meetings. The
laws and rules/regulations of each member state are respected and
abided by. The whole set up is based on toleration and respect for each
other and maybe this the reason that status and concept of INTERPOL
remained intact and grew with time when even the League of Nations was
abandoned for United Nations after the Second World war.
Governing Bodies:
i.

General Assembly of INTERPOL

The Organization is governed with help of a General Assembly and an

Executive Committee.The General Assembly is INTERPOLs Supreme
Governing Body and is composed of delegates appointed by each member
state. The body meets annually to take all important decisions relating to
Policy matters, resources, working methodology, programs, financial
requirements and activities of the organization. The Director General FIA
by virtue of his position is the nominated Head Of NCB IP Islamabad
representing Pakistan at the annual meetings.
ii.

Executive Committee

It is the body which is elected by the General Assembly and is headed by

the President of the organization. All policies and decisions of the General
Assembly are implemented by this body and provide guidance along with
direction to the Organization and in addition oversees the
implementations of the decisions reached at the annual General Assembly
meetings. It actually steers the organization towards the directions spelled
out by the General Assembly of INTERPOL.
The day to day implementation of the Organizations strategic course and
decisions are carried out by the INTERPOL General Secretariat and
National Central Bureaus of each member state.
iii.

General Secretariat

The general Secretariat is located at Lyon, France, which operates 24/7,

365 days a year without breaks and is run by the Secretary General who
operates the organization through the seven regional Offices across the
world along with UN Special representative in New York and European
Union at Brussels. The NCBs in each country then disseminates the
messages to the concerned LEAs of those countries acting as a bridge
between the IPSG and the police agencies. IPSG through the Executive
committee and confirmed by the General Assembly, appoints Advisers
who are experts in a purely advisory capacity.

11

Commission for the Control of INTERPOLs Files (CCF) :

The CCF ensures the processing and safe keeping of personal data such as
names and fingerprints in line with INTERPOLs rules for protecting both
the fundamental rights of the concerned individuals and the cooperation
among the LEAs of member countries internationally.
Strategic Framework Priorities
The INTERPOLs Strategic framework sets the Organizations priorities and
objectives for a period of three years. It provides a focused guideline and
efective structure for INTERPOL programs and activities and reports
progress and successes to IPSG and the member states, during the fixed
period of three years which can be set to any period by the General
Assembly however presently its three years period. In October 2013, the
82nd Session of the INTERPOLs General Assembly adopted the Strategic
Frame work 2014-2016 which contains four strategic priorities and two
corporate priorities
1: Secure global police information system
INTERPOL runs a secure Global Police Information and Support System
that connects all the NCBs of the 190 member countries, along with other
authorized law enforcement agencies and strategic partners, allow having
instant access to the system, request and submit as well as receive vital
data. The organization ensures focus on the sharing of the data and
interoperability between the INTERPOL and other systems.
2: 24/7 support to policing and law enforcement
INTERPOL provides round the clock support and broad range of
Operational and technical assistance to its member states, including
emergency crisis response committed to further improving response
times, follow-up and the integrated nature of response.Objectives and
activities are focused around supporting the development and capacities
of NCBs around the world, the services provided by the Command and
Coordination Centre, the development of new investigative expertise, and
the deployment of teams specialized in incident response, security issues
at major events and the identification of disaster victims.
3: Innovation, capacity building and research
The Organization is committed to enhancing the tools and services that it
provides in the area of law enforcement training and raising standards in
international policing and security infrastructures and deliver high-level
upto -date
training and technical assistance, leveraging on law

12

enforcement expertise and resources. It intends to develop certification,

accreditation and standards on policing and security matters and support
the Law enforcement agencies and world Police in addressing new forms
of crimes by providing cybercrime training and digital forensic assistance
besides seeking to increase partnerships, research and innovation on
security give more focus to capacity building eforts in post-conflict and
areas/regions of high risk.
4: Assisting in the identification of crimes and criminals
INTERPOL provides the highest quality database services, analytical
capabilities and other innovative tools to assist in preventing crime as well
as assisting in the identification, location and arrest of fugitives and crossborder criminals and aims to further improves the available criminal
information databases and better support, their integration, along with
analytical/investigative methods and mechanisms. The objectives and
activities shall center on improving the qualitative and quantitative
measurement of information in its databases, providing and operational
specialized investigative support to its member states, developing and
forming a global approach to the intergrated border management
providing a platform on technologically enabled threats including
cybercrime, human trafficking and other heinous crimes.
Corporate priorities
5: Ensure organizational health and sustainability:
Strengthen the organizational health
of INTERPOL and support
mechanisms in order to ensure efficient delivery of its core products and
services. A key activity in this area will be the implementation of a new
INTERPOL Global Complex for Innovation in Singapore from September
2014. Commitment to improve human resources strategy in order to best
attract and retain talent while promoting diversity as one of INTERPOLs
key strengths. In line with evolving funding model, it shall continue to
associate with relevant partners which may be private or public , while
ensuring safeguards are in place for the Organization to preserve both its
transparency and independence.
6: Consolidate the institutional framework
INTERPOL recognizes the importance of efficient governance mechanisms,
the need to develop the strategic and geographical outreach for the
Organization, and to find innovative solutions to complement INTERPOLs
funding. In this context, a comprehensive communication strategy plays a
significant role in raising INTERPOLs public profile and awareness of the
Organization. This institutional efort needs to be supported by solid legal
13

foundations. INTERPOL will continue to focus eforts on enhancing the

legal stability and foundation for its international activities. Finally,
INTERPOL gives further emphasis to the importance of establishing
networks of cooperation with other international organizations.

INTERPOL DISTINCTIVE LOGO AND FLAG

INTERPOL Name:
The Organization's official name is "ICPOINTERPOL", which stands for
International Criminal Police Organization. In French its abbreviations are
OIPC which stands for Organisation Internationale de Police
Criminelle.The word "INTERPOL" is a contraction of "international police",
and was chosen in 1946 as the telegraphic address. Until 1956, the
organization was known as the International Criminal Police Organization.
Emblem of INTERPOL:

The emblem is being used since 1950 and has the following elements It
comprises of a globe which indicates that its activities are global in
nature, the olive branches either side of the globe is a symbol of world
peace and the name INTERPOL under the globe in thed center of the
olive branches and a vertical sword behind globe is a symbol of Police
action against crime and criminals. We find the abbreviations OIPC and
ICPO abovethe globe is placed on either side of the sword and the scales
of justice are a symbol of Justice.
Flag of INTERPOL

14

INTERPOLs flag is being used since 1950 with light blue background and
the emblem in the center of the flag. The four lightnings flashes arranged
in symmetrical order around the emblem is symbolic of Communication
and speed against criminals by the police
Protection of INTERPOL's distinctive signs
As an international organization, INTERPOL's distinctive signs are
protected by the 1883 Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial
Property and under article 6 of this convention the member countries
which includes Pakistan has agreed to prohibit the use of the organization
armorial bearings, flags emblems, abbreviations and names of states and
inter-governmental organizations, in addition the nameINTERPOL and its
emblem has been registered as European Community and US trademarks.
Authorization to use INTERPOL's distinctive signs
Authorization to use the Organization's distinctive signs is limited to
specific, identified project and this authorization does not confer exclusive
rights in additions the signs may not be modified or adapted and it should
be approved by INTERPOL before publication including documents, films,
advertisements etc. INTERPOL may automatically revoke the entitlement
to use its distinctive signs if it transpires that the project is likely to
prejudice its reputation or image.In defined and approved cases, the
INTERPOL logo can be used alongside a third-party logo for example,
from other organizations, ministries or police administrations when coorganizing an event or producing a publication about a joint project.
HISTORY OF INTERPOL
As soon as fast moving Mechanical transport became a way of life in the
world a strong need of international Police was felt as it became easy for
the criminals to commit a crime and cross borders to skip prosecution
however the idea of INTERPOL was floated in 1914, at the first
International Criminal Police Congress, held in Monaco. This meeting
15

brought together police officers and judicial representatives from 24

countries including Britain and it occupied territories known as British
colonies which includes the present day Pakistan, to find ways to
cooperate on solving international crimes, notably arrest and extradition
procedures and treaties, identification methods/techniques and the idea of
central globalized criminal records. Over the past century, cooperation
among Law enforcing agencies worldwide has become firmly grounded in
practice as crimes and criminals have moved increasingly beyond national
borders.
INTERPOL was officially created in 1923 then known as the International
Criminal Police Commission(ICPC), grew from a few states to over 190
countries, today, 190 member countries work together on a daily basis,
using the databases, tools and secure communications systems that the
Organization ofers, however, it evolves in response to the needs of its
member States, the emergence of new crime trends, and innovations in
technology and hi-tech techniques which emerge among the criminals and
countered by the Law enforcing agencies. Then its headquarters was in
Vienna Austria. The first Notices for wanted persons was published in
INTERPOLs International Public Safety Journal. The creation of forerunner
of NCB was approved by the General Assembly in 1926 and in 1927
establishment of NCB resolution was adopted by the General Assembly.
Then in 1930 specialized departments were established to deal with
currency counterfeiting, criminal records and passport forgeries. In 1932
the post of Secretary General was created. In 1935 INTERPOLs radio
network was launched however crisis set in when the Nazis of Germany
assumed control of ICPC thus most member states ceased stopped
participation in its activities. In 1942ICPC falls completely under German
control and was relocated to Berlin, Nazi Germany however in 1946 after
the second World War Belgium led the restoration of INTERPOL as a global
organization and Paris was chosen as its new Headquarters and the color
coded notice system was initiated and the first Red Notices of
international wanted criminals was issued but it was in 1949 that the
United Nation granted INTERPOL a consultative status as nongovernmental Organization. In 1956, following the adoption of a
modernized constitution, the ICPC becomes the International Criminal
Police Organization-INTERPOL, abbreviated to ICPOINTERPOL or just
INTERPOL. The Organization becomes autonomous by collecting
Contributions from member countries and relying on investments as the
main means of support . By 1971 the United Nations finally recognized
and upgraded the status of INTERPOL from Consultative status as nongovernmental organization to an Inter-Governmental Organization. In
1982 an independent body was created to monitor and regulate the

16

implementation of INTERPOLs internal rules and regulations in relation to

data protection which later became the Commission of INTERPOL Files in
2003. In 1989 its Headquarter was moved from Paris to Lyon, France. In
1990 its first hi-Tech X-400 communication system was launched enabling
NCBs to send electronic messages to each other and the General
Secretariat increasing its efficiency many folds, which later allowed
facilities like automated remote search. In 1995 the General Assembly
(IPSG) adopted guidelines for the establishment and operation of Regional
Bureaus. By 1998 the first Criminal Information System (ICIS) database
was created and made available over the X-400 Communication system.
This system had certain limitation to increase its capabilities and
capacities therefore in 2002 a new more secure and more advanced webs
based system known as the I-24/7 was introduced which improved the
workings of National Central Bureaus to a great extent allowing each NCB
to have direct access to INTERPOL databases and services. Canada was
the first country to connect to the system. Pakistan has also been
connected to the new I-24/7. The Command and Coordination Center at
the General Secretariat (IPSG) Lyon France was set up in 2003 however
Keeping in view the efficiency and important role being played by this
organization the INTERPOL liason Office was inaugurated at the United
Nations New York and INTERPOLs first Special Representative was
appointed therefore paving the way to issue UN Special Notices against
individuals subject to UN Sanctions against Al Qaeda and Taliban.
CONSTITUTION OF INTERPOL---Salient Features
The INTERPOL present Constitution came into force on 13 th June 1956
under article 50 of the constitution and its name was changed from
International Police Commission to International Police OrganizationINTERPOL and its permanent seat was declared in France. The Constitution
consists of 50 articles however some of the salient articles are reproduced
below.
Article 2
Its aims are:
(1)To ensure and promote the widest possible mutual assistance between
all criminal police authorities within the limits of the laws existing in the
diferent countries and in the spirit of the Universal Declaration of
Human Rights;
(2)To establish and develop all institutions likely to contribute efectively
to the prevention and suppression of ordinary law crimes.

17

Article 3
It is strictly forbidden for the Organization to undertake any intervention
or activities of a political, military, religious or racial character.
Article 4
Any country may delegate as a Member to the Organization any official
police body whose functions come within the framework of activities of
the Organization.
Article 6
The General Assembly shall be the body of supreme authority in the
Organization. It is composed of delegates appointed by the Members of
the Organization.
Article 9
Members shall do all within their power, in so far as is compatible with
their own obligations, to carry out the decisions of the General Assembly.
Article 10
The General Assembly of the Organization shall meet in ordinary session
every year. It may meet in extraordinary session at the request of the
Executive Committee or of the majority of Members.
Article 13
Only one delegate from each country shall have the right to vote in the
General Assembly.
Article 14
Decisions shall be made by a simple majority except in those cases where
a two-thirds majority is required by the Constitution.
THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE
Article 15
The Executive Committee shall be composed of the President of the
Organization, the three Vice-Presidents and nine Delegates.
The General Assembly shall elect, from among the delegates, the
President and three Vice-Presidents of the Organization.
18

A two-thirds majority shall be required for the election of the President;

should this majority not be obtained after the second ballot, a simple
majority shall suffice. The President and Vice-Presidents shall be from
diferent continents.
Article 17
The President shall be elected for four years. The Vice-Presidents shall be
elected for three years. They shall not be immediately eligible for reelection either to the same posts or as Delegates on the Executive
Committee.
Article 20
The Executive Committee shall meet at least once each year on being
convened by the President of the Organization.
Article 21
In the exercise of their duties, all members of the Executive Committee
shall conduct themselves as representatives of the Organization and not
as representatives of their respective countries.
Article 22
The Executive Committee shall:
(a) Supervise the execution of the decisions of the General Assembly;
(b)Prepare the agenda for sessions of the General Assembly;
(c) Submit to the General Assembly any programme of work or project
which it considers useful;
(d)Supervise the administration and work of the Secretary General;
(e) Exercise all the powers delegated to it by the Assembly.
Article 23
In case of resignation or death of any of the members of the Executive
Committee, the General Assembly shall elect another member to replace
him and whose term of office shall end on the same date as his
predecessors.

19

THE GENERAL SECRETARIAT

Article 25
The permanent departments of the Organization shall constitute the
General Secretariat.
Article 26
The General Secretariat shall:
(a) Put into application the decisions of the General Assembly and the
Executive Committee;
(b) Serve as an international centre in the fight against ordinary crime;
(c)

Serve as a technical and information centre;

(d) Ensure the efficient administration of the Organization;

(e) Maintain contact with national and international authorities, whereas
questions relative to the search for criminals shall be dealt with
through the National Central Bureaus;
(f)Produce any publications which may be considered useful;
(g) Organize and perform secretariat work at the sessions of the
General Assembly, the Executive Committee and any other body of
the Organization;
(h) Draw up a draft program of work for the coming year for the
consideration and approval of the General Assembly and the
Executive Committee;
(i) Maintain as far as is possible direct and constant contact with the
President of the Organization.
Article 27
The General Secretariat shall consist of the Secretary General and a
technical and administrative staf entrusted with the work of the
Organization.He must be chosen from among persons highly competent in
police matters. In exceptional circumstances, the Executive Committee
may propose at a meeting of the General Assembly that the Secretary
General be removed from office.
Article 32
In order to ensure cooperation among member states, each country shall
appoint a body which will serve as the National Central Bureau which shall
ensure liaison between the member states and IPSG along with its bodies.

20

THE ADVISERS
Article 34 & 35
On scientific matters, the Organization may consult Advisers. The role of
the Advisers shall be purely advisory for 3 years by executive committee.

BUDGET AND RESOURCES

Article 38
The Organizations resources shall be provided by:
(a)

The financial contributions from Members;

(b)Gifts, bequests, subsidies, grants and other resources after these
have been accepted or approved by the Executive Committee.

Article 40
The draft budget of the Organization shall be prepared by the Secretary
General and submitted for approval to the Executive Committee.
It shall come into force after acceptance by the General Assembly.

APPLICATION, MODIFICATION
CONSTITUTION

AND

INTERPRETATION

OF

THE

Article 42
The present Constitution may be amended on the proposal of either a
Member or the Executive Committee.

Command & Coordination Centre

The Command and Coordination Centre (CCC) is the operations room at
INTERPOL, ofering a point of contact for any member country seeking
urgent police information or facing a crisis situation. The CCC is manned
24 hours a day, 365 days a year by staf members of various backgrounds
and nationalities who are fluent in several diferent languages.Based at
the General Secretariat in Lyon, the CCC is reinforcing its global response
with the opening of new sites. In 2011, a second CCC site opened at the
INTERPOL Regional Bureau in Buenos Aires, Argentina, and will be followed
in the future by a third site in Singapore. The services and activities of

21

strengthens the reactivity and operational efectiveness of the world's

police through the following functions:
i)

ii)

iii)

iv)

v)

vi)

vii)

viii)

The Center assesses all incoming communications and

determining the priority level of each message received by the
General Secretariat.
It conducts instant checks on all
INTERPOL databases;
distributing and assigning information; and replying to all urgent
queries immediately according to requirements.
The CCC Monitors open sources in order to assess threats and to
ensure the full resources of the Organization are ready and
available whenever and wherever they may be needed.
Coordinating the exchange of intelligence and information for
important operations, and involving specialist units, regional
offices and external partners as necessary.
Issuing alerts and publishing Notices where threats pose an
imminent danger. These include Orange Notices to warn police
and/or the public about potential threats, and Purple Notices,
used to seek or provide information on modi operandi.
Assuming a crisis-management role during serious incidents,
such as terrorist attacks, and coordinating specialized assistance
in the form of an Incident Response Team. This brings together
experts in various fields, such as forensic science, DNA, drugs,
and so on.
Deploying support teams at major events with an international
implication in order to support national police with security
arrangements.
Deploy specialized response teams to the scene of a serious
crime or disaster or to assist with security preparations for a
major international event.

Response teams are detailed at the request of member countries,the

personnel so deployed are specialized in the field requested for, to assist
national police. There are two types of team, each made up of experts in
the relevant fields.
1. Incident Response Teams
2. Major Events Support Teams
An INTERPOL Incident Response Team (IRT) is deployed at the request of a
member country during a crisis situation. There are two types of IRT:
a) Disaster -- an emergency response to a manmade or natural
disaster. The IRT delivers concentrated attention to urgent issues
and problems arising from the disaster or crisis, focusing all
available INTERPOL resources on the situation at hand.

22

b) Crime -- the deployment of specialized personnel to assist and

support a member country faced with a major or serious policing
issue. Crime IRTs provide specific expertise and investigative
support to police of member states using the best practices existing
on global level.
An IRT can be briefed, equipped and deployed anywhere in the world
within 12 to 24 hours of an incident. An IRT is typically composed of expert
police and support staf, and is tailored to the specific nature of the crime
or disaster and the type of assistance INTERPOL is requested to
provide.IRTs can provide a range of investigative and analytical support at
the incident site in coordination with the General Secretariat, such as:
i)
ii)
iii)
iv)
v)

Issuing international notices for fugitive terrorists whose arrests

are sought by member countries;
Database queries of fingerprints to quickly identify suspects;
Access to the database of lost or stolen travel documents;
Money laundering expertise;
Coordination
of
response
to
disaster
Victim
Identification through a wide network of international experts and
laboratories.

The first IRT was deployed in October 2002 to Indonesia following a

terrorist bombing in Bali. To date, more than 80 teams have been
deployed to countries across the world.

INTERPOL an Effective Integrated Border management

Task Force Solution:
Transnational Crime can be curbed only through an efective border
management and INTERPOL has the solution to it. In this globalized world
which is also now being known as a global village, its very easy for people
and goods to cross international borders than ever before. If this is a
blessing on the one hand but it also an exploiting fact for the criminals to
cross borders freely and commit serious crimes therefore an efective
border security is an essential aspect of combating and fighting
transnational cross borders crimes. INTERPOL ofers a range of tools and
services which can help member countries enhance their border security
procedures and integrate their border security eforts with those of their
neighbors. The organization coordinate operational activity imparts trainings and
cultivates partnership with international organizations in order to ensure the
safety control and security of all national borders. To centralize border security
eforts, the organization has created the INTERPOL Integrated Border
Management Task Force. Comprising representatives of the relevant INTERPOL
departments, the task force serves as a central point of contact and coordination
for international border security and management activities, bringing all eforts

23

under the oversight of a single entity. The task force leads and coordinates
INTERPOL initiatives involving border security. It is responsible for:
i)
ii)
iii)
iv)

Planning and coordinating border security management policy;

Enhancing the capacity of border security in member countries;
Developing partnerships with international organization and the private
sector;
Allocating operational resources to border security initiatives.

INTERPOL has coordinated a series of operations to screen travellers and

vehicles at key border points throughout Africa, Southeast and Central Asia to
help member countries boost security.Under the aegis of the INTERPOL
Integrated Border Management Task Force (IBMTF), a series of operations has
been held to enhance border security measures. A new police tool has been
launched by INTERPOL and the G8, enabling the INTERPOL community to
exchange information on fraudulent identity and travel documents. Known as
Dial-Doc (Digital INTERPOL Alert Library Document), the technology makes it
easy for officials in any of INTERPOLs 190 member countries to check if a travel
document is fake or forged. Innovations and new technology is being inducted to
make border crossings fool proof for criminals around the globe.

CORE FUNCTIONS OF INTERPOL and Tools:

OPERATIONAL DATA SERVICES AND DATA BASES FOR POLICE 2 nd

Core Function Of INTERPOL
The success of international police investigations is dependent upon the
availability of up-to-date, global data. INTERPOL provides its member
countries with instant, direct access to a number of criminal databases.
These contain millions of records, contributed by countries across the
world. All databases (except the one of child sexual exploitation images)

24

are accessible by the member states through the I-24/7 network which
connects all INTERPOL National Central Bureaus (NCBs) The Organization
is developing web server solutions to extend access beyond our NCBs to
frontline law enforcement officers, such as border guards, allowing them
to search the databases on wanted persons, stolen and lost travel
documents and stolen motor vehicles.
Secure Global Police Communication Services (I-24/4)
INTERPOL developed the I-24/7 global police communications system to
connect law enforcement officers in all our member countries, enabling
authorized users to share crucial police data with one another and to
access INTERPOL databases and services 24 hours a day. As criminals
and criminal organizations are typically involved in multiple activities, I24/7 has fundamentally changed the way the global law enforcement
community works together. It enables investigators to access
INTERPOLs cutting-edge tools and to make connections between
seemingly unrelated pieces of information, thereby facilitating
investigations and helping to solve crimes.
Authorized users can search and cross-check data in a matter of
seconds, with direct access to databases on suspected criminals or
wanted persons, stolen and lost travel documents, stolen motor
vehicles, fingerprints, DNA profiles, stolen administrative documents and
stolen works of art.
Additional enhancements enable users to adapt the interface to their
own language and allow officers working in National Central Bureaus
(NCBs) to add and modify their own data in the Organizations
databases. A dedicated I-24/7 Support Centre, stafed by highly skilled
technicians, ofers round-the-clock and tailored assistance to first-level
users.
While I-24/7 is installed at all NCBs, many member countries have
chosen to extend access to other national law enforcement entities at
strategic locations, such as border crossings, airports, and customs and
immigration posts. This expansion through national systems gives
frontline officers direct access to three key INTERPOL databases: those
on nominal data, stolen and lost travel documents, and stolen motor
vehicles.
By providing law enforcement entities in the field with access to
INTERPOL services the various NCBs and IPSG can greatly assist police
in their daily crime-fighting activities. Now, in a typical day in any
country in the world, access to I-24/7 can directly or indirectly:

Help an airport immigration officer detect a passport presented by a

traveler as having been reported as stolen;

Enable a border or customs officer to conduct a search of a vehicles

identification number to determine whether the car has been
reported as stolen.

25

Alert national authorities to wanted persons who may be attempting

to enter the country by air or sea.

Help find stolen Fire Arms or travel documents or weapons being

misused.
Intercept a Human Trafficker or a smuggler or a wild life poacher.

Inform of new threats and new techniques international criminals

adopt in various regions of the world to hoodwink the Law enforcing
Authorities.
Follow the tracks of organized criminals and terrorists both
financially (by following the thumb rule Where the Money Goes
and physically through their travel history through immigration
check points around the globe.
Locating missing persons as well as criminals who go into hidings
after crossing national borders.
Use
of
forged
documents
for
trafficking
and
illegal
emigration/immigration.

The I-24/7 network underpins all INTERPOL operational activity. From

routine checks at border crossings to targeted operations against diferent
Crime areas, and from the deployment of Specialized Response teams to
the search for International Fugitives, I-24/7 is the foundation of
information exchange between the world's police.

26

Forensic data Base

Forensic expertise and the exchange of forensic data is vital to
international investigations. INTERPOL,
maintains
databases of
fingerprints and DNA profiles, allowing police across the world to make
connections between criminals and crime scenes. The organization also
provides training to police in our member countries, to ensure that
frontline officers have the knowledge and skills necessary to assess,
preserve and share evidence in line with best practices. The main areas
of forensic expertise are:
1.
2.
3.
4.

Finger Prints data.

Disaster Victim Identification data.
International Forensic symposium.
DNA data.

Fingerprint evidence plays a very crucial role in criminal investigations and

its importance cannot be ignored. Since a persons fingerprints are unique
and do not change during the course of their life, they can be used to
quickly and efficiently confirm or disprove a persons identity, for
example, in checking a suspect at a border crossing. In addition, finger
marks can be collected at a crime scene and have the potential to link a
series of crimes together, or to place a suspect at the scene. Fingerprints
play an equally important role in
identifying victims following a
disaster such as a cyclone, earthquake, bombing accidents where the face
of the victim is not identifiable or other such incident.
INTERPOL manages a database of fingerprints, containing more than
198,000 fingerprint records (as of December 2013). Authorized users in
member countries can view, submit and cross-check fingerprint records
using I-24/7 which is INTERPOLs secure global police communications
network, via a user-friendly automatic fingerprint identification system
(AFIS). Law enforcement officers can obtain fingerprints of the target
person using an electronic device or can take them manually using ink
and paper then use a special scanner to save the data electronically in the
appropriate format. They then submit the data to the INTERPOL General
Secretariat to be uploaded to the database. Records are saved and
exchanged in the format set by the National Institute of Standards and
Technology (NIST). The organization actively encourage member states to
use the database as extensively as possible, in accordance with
INTERPOL's Rules on the Processing of Data, and increase the number of
relevant fingerprints in the system. In order to assist member countries
improve the quality and quantity of fingerprint records submitted to
INTERPOL AFIS, the Organization has prepared two documents:
Guidelines concerning Fingerprints Transmission and
Guidelines

27

concerning transmission of Fingerprint Crime Scene Marks.In 2013,

INTERPOL made more than 1,200 identifications as a result of increased
data sharing and comparison by member countries.The INTERPOL
Fingerprint Unit provides a service called AFIS gateway, which allows
member countries to submit remotely a fingerprint search (INT-I compliant
file) against the INTERPOL AFIS database and receive an automated
response. The new AFIS System was implemented in 2010, which is
capable of searching and filing palm prints and latent palm
marks.Automated ten-print verification has been introduced, along with a
high-volume search facility that allows more than 1,000 comparisons per
day through the INTERPOL fingerprint database which runs 24 hours a
day, 7 days a week.
An international Fingerprint symposium takes place ever 2 years, which is
attended by the Heads of National Fingerprint Bureaus, INTERPOL
representatives and Private Companies. The symposium provides and
appertunity for experts from around the world to share practices and
experiences besides latest developments. The organization also orgainises
an AFIS Experts working group which takes place twice a year and is a
global forum for introducing/discussing new technology, identification
procedures and training needs and ensures INTERPOLs systems comply
with latest updated standards.
The DNA data though not very common in the third world is of great use
and importance in the developed countries and widely used during
disasters, however INTERPOL is trying to bring all the member countries
on board to increase the availability of such data in the member states
which are lagging behind in this field. The data is available on the secured
communication system for use by member countries which has the
capacity to make good use of it in various criminal and disaster hit
situations.The data base contains more than 140,000 DNA profiles from 69
countries. DNA profiles are numerically coded sets of genetic markers
unique to every individual and can be used to help solve crimes and
identify missing persons and unidentified bodies.
Firearms Data Base The INTERPOL Firearms Reference Table allows
investigators to properly identify a firearm used in a crime (its make,
model, calibre, etc.). It contains more than 250,000 firearms references
and 57,000 high-quality images. The INTERPOL Ballistic Information
Network is a platform for the large-scale international sharing and
comparison of ballistics data, holding more than 200,000 records.
The INTERPOL Illicit Firearms Records and Tracing and Management
System is an information technology application which facilitates

28

information exchange and cooperation between law enforcement agencies

on firearm-related crime. The System can identify the origin and other
important information on firearms. This tool can be of great use to our
Counter Terrorism Agencies and Police Force especially to locate the
region or country from where the supply of arms is being made to the
terrorist organization and at times may lead to the arms dealers who are
involved in this illicit arms trade with the active connivance of the
manufacturing companies sometime support by Government Agencies.

Nominal Data : This data contains more than 155,000 records on known
international criminals, missing persons and dead bodies, with their
criminal histories, photographs, fingerprints, etc. Such data is very useful
in detecting and solving crime patterns through such criminals and their
location. This data also helps in getting the noose tight around the necks
of these criminals who cross borders to get away from prosecution in
countries they have committed crimes and makes life difficult for them
even when they leave the country where they have committed the crime.
It helps to locate and pinpoint even organized crime gangs who give cover
to such criminals providing them with safe heavens after the crime. The
computerization of Pakistani Police Stations Crime record may help greatly
in the contribution of Pakistan towards this global organization data base
for nominals and help in the cross border criminal activities especially with
Iran, Afghanistan and India as well as UAE besides Middle East in General,
where most of the well todo criminals take refuge after committing crimes
Notices: The system of notices is used to alert police to fugitives,
suspected terrorists, dangerous criminals, missing persons or weapons
threats. In 2013, more than 13,000 Notices were issued, of which more
than 8,000 were Red Notices for wanted persons. Given below are the
Notices issued by INTERPOL on the request of Member States or the UN
and other such organizations.
There are 7 types of Notices issued by the INTERPOL which has been
given the names of Colors however the 8 th one is give the name of
Difusion. The difusions are simple messages on the I-24/7
Communication system but sometimes prove to be the most helpful. Its
infact the first line of communication with another NCB or the IPSG which
is also supported by a direct IP Phone also known as hotline. These
communications are used in emergency when time is the main factor in
case of an absconding fugitive or a matter which needs immediate
attention.

29

1. Red Notice: To seek the arrest or provisional arrest of a wanted

person with a view to extradition based on an arrest warrant.
Perpetual Warrants of Arrests from a competent Court of Law is a
pre-requisite.
2. Blue Notice: To collect additional information about a persons
identity or illegal activities in relation to a criminal matter.
3. Green Notice: To provide warnings or criminal intelligence about
persons who have committed criminal ofences and are likely to
repeat these crimes in other countries. Green notices are for
information only, so that the LEAs of the member states keeps an
eye on such individuals.
4. Yellow Notice: To help locate missing persons, especially minors,
or to help identify persons who are not able to identify themselves
due to medical reasons or other such shortcomings. This notice is
normally issued in cases of parental kidnappings as well.
5. Black Notice: To seek information about unidentified bodies. A
dead body of a foreigner may be identified through issuance of such
notice.
6. INTERPOL-UN Security Council Special Notice: To alert police of
groups and individuals who are the targets of UN sanctions against
Al Qaeda and the Taliban. These notices are sometimes military and
political in nature, thus not coming into the purview of INTERPOL;
however they require the sanction of the international court of
justice and the UN Security Council i.e War criminals, terrorists etc.
7. Orange Notice: To warn police, public entities and other intl
organizations of dangerous materials, criminal acts or events that
pose a potential threat to public safety. The introduction of
Cybercrimes and electronic frauds in banking sector though new to
this part of the world were introduced through issuance of such
notices
8. Diffusions are not notices but messages through the I-24/7 which
have already been discussed above.
Stolen and Lost Travel Documents This Database holds information
on more than 40 million travel documents reported lost or stolen by 167
countries. This database enables INTERPOL National Central Bureaus and
other authorized law enforcement entities (such as immigration and
border control officers) to ascertain the validity of a suspect travel
document in seconds. The Stolen and Lost Travel Documents are the main

30

tools in the hands of Human and child traffickers and are misused to
smuggle victims out of the country and into the target country. Stolen and
Lost travel documents are not forged or fake documents and therefore can
be used without arousing suspicion of the LEAs at the immigration
checkposts at airports, seaports and borders. They are used for
misrepresenting personnel identities who intends to cross borders
especially by the criminals. This INTERPOL tool has led to the arrest of
many criminals and illegal immigrants/emigrants. Since the availability of
this tool at Check posts Pakistan has been able to decrease the menace of
illegal emigration to other countries therefore washing away the once an
ugly face of our countrys Border managing Law enforcing Agencies.
Child sexual exploitation images: The menace of child abuse is wide
spread and is one of the most heinous crimes besides a lucrative business
through feeding the vultures through this business and therefore has been
given special attention by INTERPOL. More than 3,000 victims from more
than 40 countries and more than 1,900 ofenders have been identified
using this database. Some member states including Pakistan are not
contributing much to this aspect of INTERPOL tool however eforts are
underway so that proper recognition is given to it in the developing
member states and action is taken against the criminals with global
eforts.
Stolen Motor Vehicles: This data base provides extensive identification
details on more than 7.2 million vehicles reported stolen around the world.
In 2013, around 117,000 stolen motor vehicles were identified using the
database, Pakistan is a good market for such vehicles especially when its
laws like the Custom Act and Criminal Procedure Code has not been
amended properly as there is no provision to return these vehicles to their
original owners abroad because their Custom duty is normally paid at the
Custom points before they are brought into the country as normal used
vehicles. This trend is bringing a bad name to the country and therefore
needs special attention of the concerned authorities and Parliament.
Stolen Works of Art : Though Pakistani authorities has not used the tool
and data base to its advantage due to low priority to such artifacts
however its quite an important tool being used in most developed as well
as developing states to retrieve their lost cultural treasure. This data base
allows member countries to research records of around 43,000 pieces of
artwork and cultural heritage reported stolen all over the world.
Special Request for Data and Information: Data on any crime,
threats, criminal gangs or clandestine activities which may not be
available with the INTERPOL data Base but maybe required by the local

31

Police or any Law enforcing Agencies with international links can be

obtained through INTERPOL by sending a request by the concerned NCB.
The NCB of the country is also obliged through an agreement and General
regulations to facilitate the requesting NCB directly even if direct
diplomatic relations are not existing between the 2 nations e.g the state of
Israel or any other state for that purpose. In cases of severe Emergency a
hotline IP Phone service between various NCBs and IPSG also exists beside
I-24/7 the standard communication system which is expected to be further
upgraded to I-Link system soon, which is still in the making and shall be
more .
Intelligence
analysis:
This
is
another
important
tool
of
INTERPOL.Criminal intelligence analysis or crime analysis" is a
recognized law enforcement support tool. In recent years, analysis
techniques have become increasingly used by police forces, international
organizations and the private sector. INTERPOL defines it as "The
identification of and provision of insight into the relationship between
crime data and other potentially relevant data with a view to police and
judicial practice." Such analysis are used for:
i)
ii)
iii)

To help law enforcers, decision makers and policy makers to deal

more efectively with uncertainty.
Provide timely warnings of threats.
Support operational activity by Analyzing crime.

The Criminal intelligence analysis is further divided into operational (or

tactical) and strategic analysis. The diference lies in the level of detail
and the type of client for whom the products are produced. The
Operational analysis aims to achieve a specific law enforcement outcome.
This might be arrests, seizure or forfeiture of assets or money gained from
criminal activities, or the disruption of a criminal group. Operational
analysis usually has an immediate benefit and the Strategic analysis is
intended to inform higher level decision making and the benefits are
realized over the longer term aimed at managers and policy-makers
rather than individual investigators. The intention is to provide early
warning of threats and to support senior decision-makers in setting
priorities to prepare their organizations to be able to deal with emerging
criminal issues. INTERPOL criminal analysts provide both operational and
strategic analytical support to units focusing on specialized Criminal
activities and member states.

Operation Police Support Services and Priority Crimes

3rd Core Function Of INTERPOL:

32

The 3rd core function of INTERPOL deals with the Operation Police Support
Services and the priority it gives to certain crimes which normally extends
to cross border activities and needs to be dealt with on a global level with
international response to curb it from infesting our societies around the
world. The Organization works to prevent and investigate a wide range of
crimes, delivering tangible initiatives and making a real diference to
international cooperation. Some of the Priority Crimes are listed below
explained briefly:
Bribery and Corruption:
Nearly all the member states have to face this nuisance but with diferent
degrees, Every year the developing countries lose 50 to 100 million US
Dollars through corruption. (World Bank estimate, 2004). It undermines
political, social and economic stability and severely damages the trust in
institutions and authority of the state. It also fuels transnational crimes,
terrorism and organized crimes as these criminals are aided in their illegal
activities in one way or the other by complicity of corrupt public officials
Corruption is of particular concern for the worlds police and judicial
systems, as corruption in one country can compromise an entire
international investigation. All member states which include Pakistan
recognize to enhance cooperation between LEAs of the world. INTERPOL
helps in the International Asset Recovery however our LEAs including NAB
has never taken advantage of this facility maybe due to ignorance and
resorts to normal diplomatic channels which take years even to identify
such assets. The International asset recovery wing of INTERPOL helps to
assists LEAs in locating, returning of stolen public funds to victim
countries. Corruption Response Teams (CRTs) provide target operational
support on request through a rapidly deployable team of INTERPOL
experts in corruption related investigations. The INTERPOL group of
Experts on Corruption (IGEC) is a multi-disciplinary group with members
from all over the world who coordinates and harmonizes diferent regional
approaches to corruption which includes integrity in sports as well.
Establishing best practices and information is taken into consideration.
The United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) sets out an
international framework invaluable in the fight against corruption and
serves as a guide to many of our initiatives.

Cybercrime:
This is a new paradigm in criminal activities which is supposed to be fast,
hidden and easy to make away with heavy and rapid money and suits
exactly the domain of INTERPOL activities. The speed, convenience and
anonymity this modern technology ofers in order to commit a diverse
range of criminal activities which includes Computer data attacks, identity
33

theft, distribution of child sexual abuse, pornography, various internet and

mobile technology frauds, online financial fraud in services as well as
deployment of botnets, viruses and email scams. Cyber crime can be
committed from almost anywhere on the planet thus making it mandatory
for all nations to adapt domestic controls to cover crimes carried out in
cyberspace. The recent increase in use of internet by terrorist poses a
serious threat to global and national security. An emerging trend with
traditional organized crime syndicates and criminally minded technology
professionals working together and pooling their resources and expertise
has made the world unsafe. In 2007 and 2008 the cost of cybercrime
worldwide was estimated at approximately USD 8 billion (INTERPOL
source). As for corporate cyber espionage, cyber criminals have stolen
intellectual property from businesses worldwide worth up to USD 1 trillion
(source INTERPOL).INTERPOL's role is to promote the exchange of
information among member countries. Deliver trainings to LEAs of
member States to build and maintain professional standards, coordinate
and assist international operations. Some 134 contacts have been made
and are available around the clock, in various member states for
immediate exchange of information. INTERPOL also assists member
countries in cases of cyber-attacks. It has developed strategic
partnerships with international organizations and private sector bodies. It
also shares intelligence with member countries besides providing a secure
web portal for accessing operational information and documents.
Drugs:
Narcotics and drugs are a growing field of crimes all over the world. The
drug trade and its associated crimes continue to grow in most parts of the
world. Global abuse and accessibility to drugs have become increasingly
widespread as trafficking routes have become shorter, more diverse and
borders more easily crossed. The drug trade involves growers, producers,
couriers, suppliers, dealers and users and afects people in almost all of
our 190 member countries. The criminal Intelligence Officers of INTERPOL
focuses on the most commonly used and smuggled narcotics drugs like
cannabis, cocaine, heroin and psychotropic and doping chemical drugs
besides identifying new drug trafficking trends. The organization collects
and analyze data obtained from member drugs for strategic and tactical
intelligence and disseminating the information to the concerned
Countries. The Anti-Narcotic Force of Pakistan is contributing a great deal
through NCB IP Islamabad, Pakistan by reporting all such drug related
cases to the INTERPOL. The Organization gives a quick response to
support International Drug Investigations and coordinates between
concerned NCBs. Global conferences are arranged on the subject
and
maintains close liaison with national law enforcement agencies and NGOs
that have a counter drug mandate which is essential to curb illicit drug
use, trafficking and sale.

34

Crimes against children:

This inhuman crime against children is normally local taking place within
home or near circles however it has an international angle as well for
example the use of internet for such crimes besides organized child
pornography which has set its foot around the world with links to each
other facilitating their business. The use of internet for child abuse
images and videos has given rise to ofenders the world over. It has made
distribution and access to child abuse material more easy but also allows
the ofenders to come directly into cotact with the children via the net.
INTERPOL runs a project in close collaboration with Internet Access Service
to block such sites on line. Sex tourist or Sex travelling Ofenders travel to
developing countries to avoid the strict Laws and fulfill their animistic
desires, taking advantage of their poverty. This type of crime is linked to
child trafficking, organized crime and murder and poses a huge challenge
for LEAs worldwide. Besides extending full cooperation to investigators
INTERPOL provides expertise to identify victims depicted in photographs
and films involving a combination of traditional investigative methods and
image analysis. Sophisticated image comparison software is used to make
connection between victims and places. INTERPOL also works in
partnership with CIRCAMP (the COSPOL Internet Related Child Abuse
Material Project) and the Virtual Global Taskforce.
Environmental Crime:
Though its a serious growing international problem however in Pakistan
its subject to lip service however INTERPOL considers it a priority crimes
area. It has various forms and shapes which include trading in hazardous
wastes, Air Pollution, wild life flora and fauna, carbon trade, water
management crime and the most serious aspect of this type of crime is its
organized criminal network due to low risk and high profit rates. Trading in
bones and skins of wild animals is a common phenomenon. The extinction
of most wild life from Pakistan has resulted because to the low importance
being given in this field by the government. The techniques and routes
being used by smugglers are normally the same they use for other
criminal activities like human trafficking, arms smuggling etc. INTERPOL
leads global and regional Operations to dismantle and break the criminal
networks behind environmental crime using intelligence driven policing
using law enforcing best practices manuals, guides and other resources to
curb this type of crime. It works with Environmental Crime Committee
(ECC) to shape strategies and direction. The INTERPOL Wildlife Crime
Working Group, Pollution Crime Working Group and Fisheries Crime
Working Group bring together criminal investigators from around the

35

world to share information and initiate targeted projects to tackle specific

areas of environmental crime.
Financial Crime
This type of crime is also referred to as white-collar crime, which covers
a wide range of criminal ofences generally international in nature.
Financial crimes are mostly committed via the Internet and have a major
impact on the international banking and financial institutions and efects
private individuals, companies, social system and even the governments
through corruption tainted money. INTERPOL focuses on 5 types of
financial crime:
i)
ii)
iii)
iv)

Payment cards;
Money laundering;
Counterfeit currency and security documents;
Fraud (such as lottery fraud and so-called "Nigerian letters").

Organized criminal networks are often behind financial crime, drawn by

the prospect of the huge profits to be made.Law enforcement officers
need to react swiftly in order to secure evidence or to freeze and seize
illegally obtained assets but a number of factors make it difficult,
sometimes even impossible to trace the criminal or the illegal assets
which is due to the diferences between countries in terms of their
national jurisdictions, their implementation of international conventions,
and the level of expertise of their investigative and prosecutorial
authorities. INTERPOLs role in addressing these truly international
challenges to law enforcement is to identify and to collect best practices
and expert knowledge in this field and to disseminate this information to
law enforcement authorities worldwide and help specialized units to
swiftly exchange operational information using INTERPOLs tools and
services.
Firearms:
The dealing and dispersing of Firearms through international smugglers is
posing a serious threat to our country Pakistan. The menace of terrorism
in Pakistan is a direct result of this crime and our inability to stop it for
obvious reasons. The criminal misuse of firearms also poses a wider threat
to global security, peace, stability and development. Firearms are easy to
conceal and transport, and ofer lucrative profits to criminals trafficking in
illicit small arms and light weapons. No country is unafected by firearms
violence. INTERPOL ofers powerful tools which can help member
countries to collect and analyze more efectively the information that can
be obtained from inside and outside the weapon, in order to prevent and
solve firearm-related crime some of which are given below:
36

i)

ii)

iii)

iv)

The INTERPOL Firearms Reference Table (IFRT) is an interactive

online tool that provides a standardized methodology to identify
and describe firearms, and enables an investigator to obtain or
verify the details of a firearm.
The INTERPOL Ballistic Information Network (IBIN) provides a
global platform for the centralized collection, storage and crosscomparison of ballistics imaging.
The INTERPOL Illicit Arms Records and Tracing Management
System (iARMS) is an information technology application which
facilitates information exchange and cooperation between law
enforcement agencies on firearm-related crime.
Facilitating information exchange to identify firearm relying on
prompt and timely communication of relevant information by
LEAs and efective international firearm tracing.

v)

Analyzing crime data by INTERPOL which develops and

disseminates research and analysis on firearm-related crime
trends and techniques, as well as intelligence on firearm
trafficking routes and methods.

vi)

INTERPOL issues notices through its unique system to alert

member countries of fire arm related threats through an Orange
Notice and a purple notice for sharing information about specific
firearms as well as Modi Operandi for firearm trafficking.

Fugitive investigations:
Fugitives or absconders are criminals on the run. Their main aim is to run
away as far as possible and therefore pose a serious threat to the public
using any legal or illegally obtained means to survive and hide therefore
committing more and more crimes . Modern technology and fast travel
enables them to cross borders while on their lookout for safe heaven
undermining the worlds criminal Justice Systems. INTERPOL, a dedicated
Fugitive Investigative Support Unit provides proactive and systematic
assistance to member countries and other international entities in order to
locate and arrest fugitives who cross international boundaries. Its role is
to:
i)
ii)
iii)

Provide investigative support to member countries in ongoing

international fugitive investigations;
Develop and implement focused initiatives such as Operation
Infra-Red;
Coordinate and enhance international cooperation in the field of
fugitive investigations;
37

iv)
v)

vi)

Collate and disseminate best practice and expert knowledge;

Provide operational support for investigations into genocide,
crimes against humanity and war crimes to INTERPOL member
countries, UN tribunals and the International Criminal Court.
Red notices for wanted persons

Red Notice seeks the provisional arrest of a wanted person with a view to
extradition and is circulated to police in all our member countries and
contains identification details and judicial information about the wanted
person.
Integrity in sports:
Sports like football and cricket are faced with a significant number of
match-fixing incidents and allegations of corruption. In Football events
alone, more than 60 corruption investigations have been initiated over the
past 2 years. Estimates of the money made through illegal betting alone
run into hundreds of millions of Euros annually, while the use of Internet
gambling networks has made it extremely easy to bet on matches
anywhere in the world. Due to heavy profits this crime in sports has
become more attractive to criminals and organized groups who invest
theprofits in other dangerous activities. INTERPOL has entered into a joint
initiative with International Sports bodies to educate the key actors in the
sports how to recognize, resist and report attempt to corrupt or fix
matches and prepare LEAs of member states to investigate and
cooperated in such investigations. Its Integrity in Sports program is a
global training, education and prevention initiative with a focus on match
fixing and betting. INTERPOL Major Event Support Teams(IMESTs) are
deployed to assist member countries in the preparation, coordination and
implementation of security arrangements for major events including
Olympics, FIFA, International Cricket events with real time exchange of
information amonth the 190 INTERPOL member countries. An example of
Operation Soga an ongoing tactical operation coordinated by INTERPOL to
disrupt illegal soccer gambling activities of criminal organization in Asia
which has resulted in 2,360 successful raids and seizure of more than 27
million US dollars in cash.
Maritime piracy:
Recently Piracy has increased manifolds, in particular in the Gulf of Aden,
Somali Basin and the Indian Ocean. Vast areas of waters are afected
making it a challenge to prevent maritime piracy incidents which afects
major shipping lanes, and puts at risk the lives of seafarers and merchant
seamen from all over the world, of whom hundreds are taken captive each
year for high ransom amounts which is then reinvested abroad. Tracing

38

the financial flows of ransom money is one of the main challenges faced
by law enforcement agencies. The INTERPOL Maritime Piracy Task Force
focuses on three main areas to counter maritime piracy, working closely
with the international community:
i)

Improving evidence collection. With the creation of a Global

Database on Maritime Piracy currently in progress, INTERPOL will
be soon in the position to better analyze piracy networks. This
will enable the organization to help member states identify and
arrest high-value individuals involved in Somali and other
maritime piracy ,such as piracy leaders and financiers and to
identify their assets.

Facilitating data exchange between the Flag ships of various countries

which have faced piracy making it crucial to share information between
military, law enforcement and judicial bodies in multiple countries. Vessels
may be flagged, owned and operated by diferent countries and manned
by multinational crews. The pirates, the navy which captures them and
the nation willing to investigate and prosecute the case are also likely to
be diverse. The secure global police communications system, I-24/7, and
INTERPOL alert system of Notices are key to the sharing of data and the
detention of suspected pirates. The organization is also working the
developing capabilities LEAs investigations on a regional level.
Organized crime:
Organized networks are typically involved in many diferent types of
criminal activity spanning several countries.These activities may include
trafficking in humans, illicit goods, weapons and drugs, armed robbery,
counterfeiting, prostitution and money laundering. These gangs are
involved in cross border international crimes. INTERPOL has launched
many projects on the subject out of which the following three projects are
listed below.
i)
ii)
iii)

Pink Panthers armed jewellery robberies

AOC Asian organized crime
Millennium Eurasian criminal organizations

These projects facilitate cooperation among member countries and

stimulate the exchange of information between all national and
international enforcement bodies concerned with countering these
problems. The aim of these projects is to
a) Provide professional and technical expertise;
b) Collect, analyze and disseminate relevant police data;
c) Coordinate international investigations;

39

d) Identify, establish and maintain contact with experts in the field;

e) Publish manuals, handbooks and reports for investigators.
f) Pursue strategic partnerships with other international organizations
and institutions active in specific crime areas, and carry out joint
projects on an international level.

Stolen Vehicles crime

Throughout the globe Vehicle crime is a very organized criminal activity
with clear links to organized crime and terrorism. Vehicles are not only
stolen for their worth, but are also trafficked to finance other crimes. They
can also be used as bomb carriers or in the perpetration of other crimes.
Stolen Motor Vehicle Database is a vital tool in fight against international
vehicle theft and trafficking and allows LEAs to run a check against
suspicious vehicle to find out instantly whether its a reportedly stolen
vehicle. In 2013, around 117,000 motor vehicles worldwide were identified
as stolen, By the end of the year, the number of database records had
risen to more than 7.2 millions.
Crimes Against Humanity And War Crimes:
Crimes against humanity, Genocide and War crimes are the most serious
crimes of concern to the international community as a whole. They have a
lasting impact on societies and can continue to destabilize the safety and
security of communities, regions and nations for decades after they occur.
Governments, civil society and international criminal tribunals cannot
address all the challenges in this area on their own. As the worlds largest
international police organization, INTERPOL possesses the police
networks, technical tools and mandate to complement the ongoing eforts
in the area of war crimes. INTERPOL has been cooperating with the United
Nations International Tribunals for the Former Rwanda and Yugoslavia
since 1994 besides a limited role even against the Nazis. The INTERPOL
General Assembly has adopted resolutions to increase the Organizations
support to its member countries and partner organizations in the
investigation and prosecution of genocide, war crimes and crimes against
humanity. The organization takes 3 main areas of activity in this field for
the location and apprehension of criminals of such crimes.
i)
ii)
iii)

Operational support to national authorities and international justice

institutions;
Training and development.
Building Partnerships with the UN and other institutions in this area
of expertise.

40

Crimes Relating to Works of art and Cultural Heritage

The high profit rate has increased the theft of cultural objects which
afects the developed and developing countries alike. The illicit traffic in
cultural heritage is a transnational crime that afects the countries of
origin, transit and final destination, is sustained by the demand from the
arts market, the opening of borders, the improvement in transport
systems and the political instability of certain countries. INTERPOL is
working to raise awareness among the member states and public at large
therefore encouraging the LEAs of member states, Antiques and Art
dealer, Owners and even Cultural organizations to play an active role in
the exchange of information to build a combined force to curb the erosion
of cultural heritage. The first notice of Stolen Art work was issued in 1947.
Training and capacity building4th Core Function Of INTERPOL
Every Member States Police and Law Enforcing Agencies has its own
culture and techniques though the basic nature of job and aim is the same
however INTERPOL is a World Organization and needs to bring the Police
Culture of the 190 member states on the same page and level. Police
training plays a key role in INTERPOLs overall mission to promote
international police cooperation. It helps to build the capacity of police in
all member countries, equipping them with the knowledge, skills and best
practices needed to meet today's policing challenges.The wide range of
initiatives taken by the organization are designed to bridge the gap
between national and international policing and help the LEAs of member
states to get the maximum use of services being provided by INTERPOL.
Pakistan like other developing countries needs to take advantage of these
initiatives to curb crime within its borders and do away with safe heavens
of the corrupt who have ran abroad to avoid the law fleecing the nation of
billions of US Dollars. The Operational training courses cover specialized
crime areas such as terrorism, drugs and trafficking in human beings,
arresting fugitives as well as investigative support tools, such as forensic
techniques and the use of INTERPOL's network and databases. Some of
the INTERPOL programs of capacity building are aimed towards senior
management Police Officers with the responsibility for International Police
Cooperation and who can bring about a change and improve upon the
Police working of their respective departments. Training Quality
Assurance (TQA) ensures the efective delivery of training courses. It
ensures that General Secretariat training programs are in line with the
necessary standards that are the training cycle is fully respected to reach
the best quality and that resources are used efficiently. National Central

41

Bureaus (NCBs) are INTERPOLs link with national police forces/LEAs and
they are increasingly called upon to play a greater operational role as
INTERPOL expands the range of its activities. A set of Core Competency
Guidelines outline the five main areas of skills and experience required of
NCB staf. The guidelines were developed by a group of NCB volunteers
representing each of INTERPOLs regions, together with representatives
from the General Secretariat. The Regional Bureaus are being
strengthened in the support of NCB. Each RB is equipped with modern
training facilities and has designated Regional Training Officer (RTO) for
imparting training to the NCB staf and other Police Officers of the region.
INTERPOL is also taking full advantage of the web, the INTERPOL Global
Learning Centre (IGLC) is a web-based portal which gives authorized users
access to a comprehensive range of online learning courses on various
subjects. The aim of IGLC is the INTERPOL's National Central Bureaus and
the Law Enforcing Agencies across the world. The goal is to encourage the
sharing of knowledge and best practice between INTERPOL member
countries as well as providing the opportunity for interactive e-learning.
IGLC also has a online library beside e-learning courses. The online library
has a wealth of links to reports, documents and websites of law
enforcement organizations. In addition other resources from relevant
bodies such as universities, police colleges, academies and training
institutions have been incorporated for the benefit of Law enforcing
Agencies and NCBs all over the globe. INTERPOL ofers scores of courses
to LEAs and NCBs of its member states however due to austerity drive
announced by our Government since more than a decade, Pakistan only
avails fully funded ones due to which our LEAs and NCBs do not avail
much of the capacity building opportunities ofered by the organization.

NATIONAL CENTRAL BUREAUI.P ISLAMABAD, PAKISTAN

42

National Central Bureau (NCB)_ IP Islamabad is a separate wing situated

at FIA Headquarters Islamabad headed by the Director General FIA who is
also the Head of NCB IP Islamabad, Pakistan by virtue of his position. The
National Central Bureau Islamabad was set up in 1957. As INTERPOL is an
International NGO therefore Pakistan makes an annual contribution of
77450 British Pounds towards INTERPOL funds annually.
NCB IP ISLAMABAD AND THE LAW ENFORCING AGENCIES OF
PAKISTAN
Law enforcement services in Pakistan are provided by a combination of federal
and provincial police forces. Together these forces are responsible for:

Preventing, detecting and investigating crime;

Protecting life, property and freedom;
Collecting and sharing criminal intelligence;
Locating and bringing ofenders to justice;
Preserving public peace;
Protecting women and children.

Provincial policing:
The task of Basic law and order is carried out by the Provincial police of the four
provincial governments of Punjab Province, Sindh Province, Sindh Province,
Khyber Pukhtunkhwa Province, Baluchistan Province as well as Azad Jammu
Kashmir and Gilgit Baltistan Police. Together the four provincial police forces as
well as the special status regions of AJK Govt and Gilgit Baltistan are made up of
more than 350,000 officers both genders included.
Federal policing:
The Ministry of Interior is responsible for national security. Its mandate is to:

Command the federal police organizations.

Command the civil armed forces.
Assist and support provincial governments.
Federal police organizations.

The Ministry of Interior has the following LEAs under its jurisdiction:

Federal Investigation Agency (FIA) and NCB IP Islamabad which ias a wing
of FIA.
Pakistan Rangers.
Frontier Corps.
Pakistan Coast Guard.
National Police Bureau.
National Police Academy.
National Police Management Board.

43

The Ministry of Communications controls the National Highways and

Motorways Police where as the Ministry of Narcotics Control has AntiNarcotics Force under its command.
Federal Investigation Agency (FIA)
The FIA which is the central agency to all on the Federal Level , headquartered in
Islamabad with regional units across the country. With strength of 3,500 officers,
its mandate is to investigate and prosecute ofences relating to:

Runs NCB IP Islamabad

Corruption;
Organized crime and terrorism;
Immigration, trafficking in human beings and smuggling;
Money laundering;
Financial, high-tech and white collar crime;
Intellectual property rights.
Integrated Border Management and AFIS

The Director General FIA who is the Head of NCB IP Islamabad is assisted
by a senior Officer of BPS-20 as his Deputy Head of NCB who acts as a
backup Officer in case of unavailability of the Head of NCB. The NCB is run
by staf headed by an Additional Director and assisted by a Deputy

44

Director and one Assistant Director. There are nine sections in the FIA NCB
wing who deal with subjects given below:
i)

ii)

The General Section is headed by an Office Superintendent and

deals with all administrative work as well as overlapping work of the
sections besides those matters which do not fall under the rest of
the sections.
The I-24/7 Communication System Section is headed by
an
Inspector who also holds the password to the system shared by his
Sub Inspector and the Officer in charge. This Section is the heart of
NCB and runs 24/7 round the clock 365 days a year without break.
The system enables NCB IP Islamabad, Pakistan to carry out secure
communication with 189 other member states around the globe as
well as INTERPOL Secretariat General and its other important Offices
like the Command and Control Center, Notices Alerts Office, (Digital
INTERPOL Alert Library etc.

iii)

iv)
v)

Europe and Americas (North and South) as well as Australia Section

is headed by an Inspector ranking officer and deals in all matters
pertains to both the continents.
Asia, Africa and Middle East section is headed by an Inspector and
deals with the matters with 2 continents and Middle East region.
The Drug Section is headed by a Sub Inspector with supportive staf.

The sections have been allotted various continents and regions as per the
load of work and availability of Staf. Nearly all the staf is computer
literate and dedicated as there is no place for personnel in the wing who
take official matters with a casual attitude due to the sensitivity of work
involved. One small mistake is disseminated throughout the globe and
may cause the Government of Pakistan an international embarrassment.
All National Central Bureaus work as an extension of IPSG Lyon France and
work both for the Secretariat General Office as well as the Government of
the Member state through the Head of NCB. The Ministry of Interior has
Administrative control over the working of INTERPOL Islamabad and sets
policy guidelines and procedures, within and outside Pakistan. The
NCB staf Islamabad has to work 24 hours a day and 7 days a week
without a break because the wing has to remain open even after and
before the Office timings because when its day time in Pakistan its night
at the other side of the globe therefore in case of any emergency or flash
message from another NCB or IPSG Lyon France, Contact Officers have
been nominated in the NCBs duly registered with IPSG Lyon France, who
are suppose to muster the relevant staf within a short time and act
according to the message received similarly if communication of the IP
hotline Phone is required with a member state whose Time Zone has more

45

than 5 or more hours

feature.

diference, then late hours duties is a common

Though NCB has a very limited staf however its dedicated and
committed and always meet deadlines which is essential because it has to
keep its reputation of the nation as well, among the member states due to
the international dimension of job requirements.

Trained Staff Shortage

There is a severe shortage of staf in nearly all Government departments
in general but it gets very complicated when the requirement is of trained
staf especially at the NCB IP Islamabad. The working of NCB requires
highly skilled computer literate staf. IPSG Lyon France periodically sends
in their representatives and staf to train them as the Hi-Tech systems
installed at the NCB IP Islamabad. The state of the art electronic
equipment needs periodic maintenance and our country lacks high
qualified electronic and software engineer. Even if the know how is
available in the market, its too expensive to obtain their services. A table
shown below highlights the availability of staf in NCB by the end of
February 2014.

S
#

Name of Post

Sanctioned
Posts

Existing
Staff

Vacant
Posts

Director (BS-20)

01

01

Additional /Dy.
Director (BS-18-19)

02

01

01

Assistant Dir (BS17)

02

02

Inspector (BS-16)

04

02

02

Sub-Inspector (BS14)

01

01

01

Constable (BS-5)

04

04

46

Office Supdt. (BS16)

01

01

00

Assistant (BS-14)

04

02

02

Stenotypist (BS-12)

03

01

02

10 UDC (BS-09)

01

01

00

11 LDC (07)

03

01

02

12 Naib Qasid (01)

03

02

02

13 Total

29

13

18

Working And Procedures Adopted in NCB IP Islamabad

Below is a figure showing the quantum of work being handled by a
handful of staf: The depicting of the figures gives a bird eye view of the
work load. Every reference received is put up on file by the Section in
charge. The Additional Director who is also the Officer Incharge of NCB IP
Islamabad works on the reference and decides whether to send it up to
the Dy Head of NCB or deal it on his own level depending upon the
contents of the reference.
Year

2010

References
Received

Tota
l

NCBs
around
the
Globe

LEAs

2000

7098

909
8

47

Reference
Dispatched
NCBs

LEAs

2549

6708

Total

9257

2011

4269

11797

160
66

2580

13984

1398
4

2012

3055

3179

623
4

1712

2915

4627

Decemb
er,

3700

4165

786
5

3985

3330

7315

2013

NCB IP Islamabad not only deals with the daily references received and
sends to various member states/ IPSG Lyon France, but also attends to all
Crime related matters forwarded by the Police Liaison Officers posted in
the Missions and Embassies at Islamabad. The wing facilitates in
investigations and inquiries of the Foreign Missions/Embassies in addition
to matters which are referred to by IPSG Lyon France on I-24/7
Communication system and Hotline IP Phone which is a audio /video
phone facility and connected to nearly all member states and IPSG
through secured net.

Eco-Giz Project In Collaboration With

European Cooperation Organization

Interpol

And

This Project was initiated with active cooperation of ECO and INTERPOL to
upgrade the I-24/7 Communication System so as to extend the facility of
using INTERPOL tool to the relevant LEAs directly for having direct access
to the relevant data basis.

48

In 2009 Interpol IPSG Lyon, France came up with a proposal to upgrade

NCB IP Islamabad i-24/7 system and to extend its connectivity to all LEAs,
in this regard all Inspector General Police offices, ANF headquarters,
Customs Intelligence HQ, 5 NCB sub bureaus and 25 immigration check
posts were got equipped with computers. Through this new system
Interpol watch-list can be accessible to all end users mentioned above
through diferent level of application level privileges. This watch-list
comprises of SLTD (stolen lost travel document) and SMV (stolen motor
vehicles). A meeting was conducted in FIA Head Quarters and all Directors
including the than PD/IBMS was present besides representatives of
INTERPOL Lyon, France and it was unanimously agreed that as far as the
immigration check posts are concern IBMS network shall be utilized and all
other offices mentioned above was to be connected directly from NCB,
Islamabad sticking to the relevant data base of INTERPOL. The project
work started in 2010 and finally completed in 2013. After running on trial
basis for a year the system was found fit, during this trial period the staf
of the sub-bureaus was trained by NCB Islamabad so that they are able to
use the tools being ofered by INTERPOL. Both Mobile Integrated network
Device (MIND system)and Fixed Integrated Network Devise (FIND system)
are at work through the I-24/7 Communication System installed at the
NCB Islamabad however the LEAs and FIA Immigration check Posts can
use only the tools which they are allowed to use e.g the Police will have
ingress into the system limiting to the INTERPOL tools which concern them
and similarly the Custom department, ANF etc can only take advantage of
the system limiting it to their own field. For all other information or usage

49

they shall have to approach NCB Islamabad through proper channels. This
up gradation of I-24/7 Communication System has enabled NCB Islamabad
Pakistan and its Sub bureaus to enter the most advanced technological
secured system through which our LEAs can now approach world police at
click of a button
NCB INTERPOL Pakistan
1

NCB Islamabad National Central Bureau of the ICPO-INTERPOL FIA Sector G-9/4
ISLAMABAD

NCB SUB BUREAS AT 39 SITES

1

Islamabad Police HQ Sector H-11, Islamabad.

Karachi Po Police Headquarter ,I.I Chundrigar Road ,Karachi Police HQ

Sahibzada Abdul Qayyum Road near Frontier House, Peshawar Cantt Police HQ

Gulistan Road, Quetta Cantt. Quetta Police HQ

Kashmir Police HQ Block No.7 New Secretariat, Muzaffarabad

Lahore Police HQ CPO Complex ,opposite Cathedral School, Church Road, Old
Anar Kali, Lahore

Rawalpindi Anti Narcotics Force National Rark Road, Rawalpindi

House #30, Street#48 F-8/4,Islamabad;

Plot No.1, Mauve Area ,G-10/4 Islamabad

10

Islamabad Airport, Airport Road, Rawalpindi.

11

Lahore Airport, Airport Road, Opposite DHA Society Lahore.

12

Karachi Airport Shahrah-e-Faisal, Near Malir Exchange, Karachi.

13

Peshawar Airport Airport Road, Adjacent to PAF Peshawar. FIA Zone Peshawar

14

Quetta Airport Airport Road,Quetta

15

Turbat Airport Airport Road, Turbat

16

Faisalabad Airport Jhang Road ,Faisalabad

17

Multan Airport Shahrah-e-Rashid, Multan Cantt.

50

18

Sialkot Airport

19

Gwadar Airport Wazirabad Road near Sambrial, Sialkot

20

Dera Ghazi Khan Airport ,Sakhi Sarwar Road,D G Khan

21

Airport ,Near Batti Noray Wali,Rahim Khan khan

22

Wagha Border Pak India Border, Wagha land Route, Lahore

23

Wagha Railway Station, Pak India Border, Wagha Railway Station, Lahore

24

Khokhrapar Railway Station Zero Point, Khokhrapar Railway Station,

Khokrapar,Sind

25

Taftan Border Pak-Iran Border FIA Checkpost,Taftan

26

Chaman Border Near Friendship Gate pass, Pak- Afghan Border, Chaman

27

Sust Border Immigration Checkpost, Sust Border, District Nagar-Hunza, Gilgit,

28

Torkham Border Pak Afghan Border,Old Passport Office,Torkham Land Route,

Khyber Agency

29

Karachi Seaport FIA Immigration Seaport,Hamid Gate,Gate No.1 ,Kemari,

Karachi

30

Ghass Bandar Seaport Near Neiti Bridge Ghass Bandar ,Karachi

31

Port M. Bin Qasim Seaport Port Bin Qasim Road, Karachi

32

Gawadar Seaport Near pearl Continental Hotel , Gawadar Sea port,Gwadar

33

Karachi NCB Sub Bureaus 25 A, Lalazar, New Quid Road, Karachi

34

Lahore NCB Sub Bureaus1 Temple Road,Regal Chowk Hamid Nizami Road,
Mall Road Lahore

35

Quetta NCB Sub Bureaus Sumangli Road,Quetta

36

Peshawar NCB Sub Bureaus FIA Zonal Headquarter Phase 5,Opposite

Rehman Medical Institute, Hayatabad,Peshawar

37

Gilgit NCB Sub Bureaus Deputy Director FIA Crime Circle, Konodass, Gilgit-

38

Border Piller 250 Near Gabt village, Kalato, Check Post Border Pillar250 District
Gwadar, Balochistan

39

Bahawalpur airport Main Yazwain Road, Sheikh Rashid Terminal, Bahawalpur

51

The system is a state of the art technology which runs on web and highly
secured connecting the global Police to combat cross border crimes.

INTERPOL NOTICES AND THE PROCEDURES ADOPTED BY

NCB INTERPOL PAKISTAN
The NCB of every nation has its own rules and requirements for its LEAs to
put up a request for getting any type of Notice issued. The below given
chart are the procedures to be adopted if any LEA/Police Agency or any
other department of the Government of Pakistan wants to get a Notice
issued. Every type of Notice has its own set of procedures adopting
National guidelines formulated by the Ministry of Interior coupled with
INTERPOL IPSG, Lyon France requirements.

INTERPOL NOTICES & PROCEDURE

S INTERPOL
# Notices
1 Red Notice

Purpose

Requirements

To seek the location of a

wanted
person and
his/her
detention,
arrest or
restriction of
movement
for the
purpose of
extradition, surrender, or
similar lawful action.
-

Red Notice Application Form

including date of birth on the
format of INTERPOL (dd/mm/yyyy)
duly filled in by DPO
Copy of FIR in English Translation
Statement of Witnesses U/s
161Cr.PC
Summary/ History of the case in
English, Date and facts of the case
in (dd/mm/yyyy) format
Warrant Of Arrest u/s
204Cr.PCissued by the Court
Proclamation order against accused
u/s 87, 204 Cr.PC by the Court
Perpetual Warrant Of Arrest u/s 512
Cr.PC
PISCES/IBMS verification/Travel
History
Photograph & Travel Documents
Verisys information (CNIC)/ Copy of
CNIC or CNIC number
Regions/ Countries likely to be
visited
Yellow Notice Application Form
including date of birth on the
format of INTERPOL (dd/mm/yyyy)
duly filled in by DPO
Copy of FIR/Police Report
Summary/ History of the case in
English, Date and facts of the case

2 Yellow

Notice

To locate a
missing
person or to
identify a
person
unable to
identify

52

Route for
Request
Route for
forwarding a
request of
issuance of
INTERPOL
Notice is as
under:
(DPO/concern
ed officer of
same level
PPO Home
Department
(Provincial
Government)
Ministry of
Interior(Islam
abad) which
is the
approving
authority

-do-

3 Blue Notice

4 Green

Notice

5 Black

Notice

himself/hers
in (dd/mm/yyyy) format
Photograph
& Travel Documents
elf.
- Distinguishing Marks, Teeth
- Regions/ Countries likely to be
visited
- Verisys information (CNIC)/ Copy of
CNIC or CNIC number
- Blue Notice Application Form
including date of birth on the
To obtain
format of INTERPOL (dd/mm/yy)
information/
duly filled in by DPO
locate/ identify
- Copy of FIR in English Translation
a person of
- Statement of Witnesses U/s
interest in a
161Cr.PC
criminal
- Summary/ History of the case in
investigation.
English, Date and facts of the case
in (dd/mm/yyyy) format
- Proclamation order against accused
u/s 87, 204 Cr.PC by the Court
- Regions/ Countries likely to bevisited
by the wanted person
- PISCES/IBMS verification/Travel
History
- Photograph& Travel Documents
- Verisys information (CNIC)/ Copy of
CNIC or CNIC number
- Green Notice Application Form
including date of birth on the
To warn about
format of INTERPOL (dd/mm/yyyy)
a person's
duly filled in by DPO
criminal
- Copy of FIR in English Translation
- Statement of Witnesses U/s
activities.
161Cr.PC
- Summary/ History of the case in
English, Date and fact of the case
in (dd/mm/yyyy) format
- Accuseds criminal
history/background
- PISCES/IBMS verification/Travel
History
- Photograph & Travel Documents
- Verisys information (CNIC)/ Copy of
CNIC or CNIC number
- Black Notice Application Form
including date of birth on the
To identify
format of INTERPOL (dd/mm/yyyy)
dead bodies.
duly filled in by DPO
- Copy of FIR/Police Report
- Summary/ History of the case in
English, Date and facts of the case

53

-do-

-do-

-do-

INTERPOL
UN Special
Notice
7

Oranges
Notice:
8

Purple Notice

Diffusions

in (dd/mm/yyyy) format
- Circumstances of discovering the
Body
- Estimated date of death
- Cause of Death
- Identity Particulars
- Gender, Age, Photograph,
Distinguishing Marks, Teeth,
- Country of origin, Nationality
- Additional information
To inform that an individual or an entity is subject to
UN Security Council Sanctions.

-do-

Orange notices are published to warn of an event, a

person, an object, a process or a modus operandi
representing an imminent threat to public safety
and likely to cause serious damage to property or
injury to persons.
To: (a) warn about modus operandi, objects, devices
or concealment methods used by ofenders, and/or
(b) request information on ofences to resolve them
or assist in their investigation.

-do-

An informal request on I-24/7 communication system:

DPO
concerned/
concerned
officer of the
same level
may refer the
case for
difusion to
Director, Addl.
Director,
Deputy
Director NCBINTERPOL, FIA
HQrs,
Islamabad

To seek the location and arrest of a person with a view

to his/her extradition.
To obtain information/ locate/ identify a person of interest
in a criminal investigation.
To warn about a person's criminal activities.
To locate a missing person or to identify a person unable to
identify himself/herself.

-do-

The Red Notice as already explained above is mainly for criminals who has
committed heinous crimes like Corruption, murder, Kidnapping, rape,
robbery, terrorists, etc however its becomes more efective if an
extradition treaty has been signed with the country where the culprit is

54

arrested. A list of countries with whom Pakistan has an extradition treaty

is given below:

LIST OF EXTRADRADITION TREATIES.

The Government of Pakistan has concluded/adapted

extradition treaty with the following countries under extradition Act, 1972.

S.NO.

NAME OF COUNTRY

1.

Argentina

22-5-1989

2.
under

Belgium

29-10-1901

3.
211

France

04-8-1876

SRO No.

4.
dated

Greece

24-9-1910

(1)

5.
1973

Switzerland

26-11-1880

6.

U.S.A

22-12-1931

7.

San Marino
Adapted by

8.
under
9.

DATED

REMARKS
Adapted by
Pakistan

73

20-2-

16-10-1899

Monaco

17-12-1891

Neatherland
SRO.No.427

Pakistan
26-09-1898

10.
dated

Denmark

31-03-1873

11.
1980

Austria

03-12-1873

55

(1)/80
20-04-

12.

Yugoslavia

23-12-1900

13.

Iraq

02-05-1832

14.

Equador

20-09-1880

15.

Portugal

17-10-1892

16.

Luxembourg

17.

Colombia

18.

Liberia

19.

Cuba

03-10-1904

20.

Iran

20-4-1959

21.

Italy

21-7-1972

22.

Turkey

13-8-1983

23.

Saudi Arabia

03-8-1983

24.

Maldives

25.

Egypt

26.

Australia

27.

China

28.

UAE

29.

Algeria

24-11-1880
27-10-1888
16-12-1892

12-7-1984
1997
16-3-2000
2003
March 2004
2003

The extradition treaty with the countries listed at 01 to 19 was

concluded by the them British Government which was adopted by
Pakistan under SROs indicated against them as above though no such
treaty of Pakistan exists with the British Government and most of our
criminals are living openly there .Pakistan has directly concluded
extradition treaty with the 10 countries listed at serial Number 20 to 29.
NCB ISLAMABAD DATA RECORD:
Notices

56

Type of Notices

200
8

200
9

201
0

201
1

201
2

201
3

March,
2014

Red Notice
Issued

27

52

60

57

25

53

23

Blue Notice
Issued

NIL

01

02

NIL

NIL

00

Yellow Notice
Issued

NIL

01

07

NIL

NIL

02

Grand Total

27

54

69

57

25

57

23

Extraditi
on

Deportat
ion

Year

From
Pakistan

From other
Countries to
Pakistan

TOTAL

2010

08

08

2011

15

15

2012

05

05

2013

03

03

2014

03

03

2010

14

14

2011

01

10

11

2012

05

05

17

17

05

05

2013
2014

From the record given in the above its clear that the output of NCB
Islamabad is not much due to the cumbersome procedures in vogue. The
reason is that the policy makers are ignorant of the benefits of INTERPOL
in combating crimes which has become one of the many causes that our
LEAs fail to come up to the expectations of the public. The Policy Makers
of our country seems to be hit by the Secrecy Culuture developed over the
years.
NCB IP AND SUPREMECOURT OF PAKISTAN
The below given table provides some of the most important cases of the
country in which Red Notices were got issued on the direct Orders of the
Supreme Court of Pakistan being of National importance:

INTERPOL RED NOTICES SUPREME COURT CASES

57

Sr.#

1.

Name of
Accused

NCB Islamabad
Ref: No.

Zahid Ali
Akbar Khan

EA/3RD(NAB)NCB/200
7

Red
Notice
Control
No.

A-1056/52007

Charge

Corruption &
Corrupt
Practices

Murder,
Damage to
Public
Property,
Corruption

Wanted
to office

Suspected
to be visited

NAB
Punjab

USA, U.K,
UAE

ICT Police

Greece,
UAE, UK,
USA

2.

Abdul Hafiz
Sheikh

EA/3(F)NCB/2005
Marghala Tower

A-1856/112005

3.

Rooh Ullah

ME/26RD/NCB/2010

A-6113/92010

Murder

ICT Police

Afghanistan

ME/24(SAO)NCB/2010

Misappropriati
on of Public
Exchequer

SIU-FIA,
Islamabad

Hajj Scam

A31627/122010

Abu Dhabi,
Turkey,
Saudi Arabia

ME/33(UAEO)NCB/2010 NICL
Scam

A16687/112010

Fraud,
Criminal
Breach of
Trust

FIA-ACC
Lahore

UAE, U.K,

FIAKarachi

Abu Dhabi,
U.K

FIAKarachi

Abu Dhabi,
U.K

FIA

Abu Dhabi,

4. Ahmed Faiz

Mohsin
5. Habib
Warraich

6.

Khalid
Anwar Khan

ME/33(UAEO)NCB 2010 NICL

Scam

A24747/122010

Active
Connivance in
Misappropriati
on of Govt.
Funds

Khawaja
7.
Akbar Butt

ME/33(UAEO)NCB 2010 NICL

Scam

A24767/122010

Active
Connivance in
Misappropriati
on of Govt.
Funds

8. Syed

ME/33(UAE-

A-430/1-

Misappropriati

58

Muhammad
Javed

Ameen
9. Qasim
Dada

O)NCB 2010 NICL

Scam

2011

ME/33(UAEO)NCB 2010 NICL

Scam
A-701/12011

on of Gov.
Funds in
Purchase of
Land

Misappropriati
on of Govt.
funds in
purchase of
land in
exorbitant
rates

Asim
10.Mehmood
Malik

EA/1-RD(AHTCLHR)NCB/2013

A-1884/32013

Zobia
11.Rubab
Malik

EA/8-RD(AHTCLHR)NCB/2013

A-4446/72013

12.Iftikhar Ali

ME/5(UAEO)NCB/2012

A-2336/42013

Irfan
13.
Hussain

ME/5(UAEO)NCB/2012

A-2465/42013

Nosherwan
14.
Hussain

ME/5(UAEO)NCB/2012

Located in
UAE

Luqman
15.
Hussain

ME/5(UAEO)NCB/2012

Located in
UAE

Syed Asif
16.Akhtar
Hashmi

ME/11(UAEO)NCB/2013

Search &
Localizatio
n from
UAE

Loss to the
Govt.
Exchequer

17.Masood
Ahmed

ME/13(UAEO)NCB/2013

Search &
Localizatio

Corruption &
Corrupt

59

Defraud,
Dishonesty
Fraud
Dishonestly

Murder,
Abetment.

Karachi

U.K

FIAKarachi

Abu Dhabi,
U.K

FIA
AHTC,
Lahore

UK, UAE

AHTC,
FIA
Lahore

UK, UAE

Lahore
Police

Murder,
Abetment.

Lahore
Police

Murder,
Abetment.

Lahore
Police

Murder,
Abetment.

Lahore
Police

ADG
Immg. FIA
HQrs
FIA Crime
Circle

Abu Dhabi,
U.K

Abu Dhabi,
U.K

Extradition in
Process

Extradition in
Process

Abu Dhabi,
U.K
Abu Dhabi

Chaudhry

n from
UAE

Practices

RWP

SOME SUCCESSES AND FAILURES STORIES OF NCB IP ISLAMABAD

Accused Malik Abid and Zia ur Rehman were nominated in case FIR No. 94
dated 02.03.2011 U/s 302/324 PPC Police Station Industrial Area, Islamabad for
murdering Shahbaz Bhatti ex-Minister for Minorities Afairs, The local police tried
to arrest them but they could not be arrested despite hectic eforts. Due to there
willful absence to avoid the arrest non-bailable warrants of the accused were
issued and later on declared proclaimed ofender from the court of competent
jurisdiction. Reportedly, the accused, after commission of ofence, fled to Dubai
(UAE). A letter was received from Section Officer FIA, MOI Islamabad dated

7/12/2011, conveying approval of competent authority for issuance of Red

Notice against the subject accused. In this regard, we requested IP SG
Lyon for issuance of the same. Red Notice Control No.A-7672/12-2011 and
A-7678/12-2011 were issued by IP SG Lyon. On 9/1/2012 We sent
messages to IP Abu Dhabi to search and locate the subject accused.
Resultantly on 15/1/2012 Zia ur Rehman was arrested in Abu Dhabi and
SSP (OPS) Islamabad was requested to move extradition file of subject
accused to the concerned quarter through diplomatic channel, which is
still under process. On 13/2/2012 IP Washington informed us that Malik
Abid had boarded emirates flight 202 for Dubai Airport. Further IP Abu
Dhabi informed us that Malik Abid departed by Flight No. EK 622 from
Dubai at 18:20 (GMT) and will reach Allama Iqbal International Airport
Lahore at 20:45 (GMT). Consequently thereupon Islamabad Police was
informed to arrange a police escort to take over the custody of subject
accused at Allama Iqbal International Airport Lahore and DD/IMMG Lahore
was directed to handover the subject accused to concerned escort team.
The case study shows the efectiveness of the Communication NetWork I-24/7 in apprehending trans-border accused, that the fugitive was
searched, located and apprehended/intercepted within 02 months
The second success story of NCB in a well publicized case was the arrest
of Accused Haji RoohUllah S/o Muhammad Ilyas R/o Peshawar, Pakistan was
nominated accused in case FIR No. 58 dated 03.2.2010 U/s 302/324 PPC Police
Station Shalimar Islamabad and Supreme Court of Pakistan in Human Right Case
Mo. 24028/2010.

Reportedly, the accused, after commission of ofence, fled to

Dubai (UAE) with fake travel documents. Islamabad Police approached NCB IP

60

Islamabad. IPSG Lyon France, IP Abudhabi, FIA Link Office Muscat were
approached through I-24/7. Due to time consuming process of Extradition, the
accused managed to get bailed out in Dubai and crossed over to Oman however
due to the INTERPOL Communication System he was arrested in Oman as illegal
immigrant as his passport was already confiscated by Dubai Police and finally
deported to Pakistan to face trial.The Case Study reflects that the I-24/7 NetWork of NCB-Interpol Islamabad is truly serving the purpose to combat transboundary criminal activities.

In another Mohammad Aslam, a Norwegian fugitive was served upon a

Red Notice No. A-2529/4-2010 for committing a large scale financial fraud
in Norway perpetrated by taxi owners during the period 1998-2007. He
was sentenced to 2 years imprisonment in Norway but evaded the service
of his sentence. After this judgment he was also charged with new
ofences involving contravention of Norwegian Value Added Tax Act, the
Norwegian Tax Administration Act, the Norwegian Penal Code, and the
Norwegian Execution of Penalties Act. Since issuance of Red Notice
against Mohammad Aslam exhaustive eforts were made to search and
locate the fugitive. Due to active follow up by Norwegian NCB the fugitive
was arrested in October 2011 by Gujarat Police. Accused Muhammad
Aslam was produced before the concerned Magistrate and sent to judicial
lock up of District jail, Gujarat on 17.10.2011. Meanwhile Police Liason
Officer Norwegian Embassy also sent Extradition documents to Ministry of
Interior. His arrest triggered a complex legal battle as the process of
extradition involves many legal issues. In order to ensure his confinement
behind bars the cases under section 420,468,471 PPC and section 30 of
NADRA Ordinance were registered against Mohammad Aslam and he was
shifted to Adiala Jail. At the same time extradition proceedings were also
initiated against him by the Ministry of Interior on 03.11.2011. At this
point the case took a new turn when it was revealed that Mohammad
Aslam is a Norwegian National and thereby his Pakistani Nationality
ceases to exist. On 18.11.2011, section Officer, MOI issued withdrawal of
prosecution and deportation order against the accused. A writ petition No.
3148/2011dated 22.11.2011 under article 199 of Constitution of Islamic
republic of Pakistan1973 was filed by the accused before the Islamabad
High Court, and on 24.12.2011 Honorable Court disposed of the writ
petition with the direction to FIA and MOI to proceed in accordance with
law and bail application of the accused was also turned down. Meanwhile
the accused filed plethora of writ petitions (numbering 6 writ petitions in
15 days), but due to close cooperation between Norwegian authorities and
NCB all the writ petitions were disposed of. Finally he was deported on
13.01.2012 to Norway.
61

When diplomacy fails INTERPOL becomes the last hope. The Gaza
flotilla raid was a military operation by Israel against six ships of the "Gaza Freedom Flotilla"
on 31 May 2010 in international waters of the Mediterranean Sea. The flotilla, organized by
the Free Gaza Movement and the Turkish Foundation for Human Rights and Freedoms and
Humanitarian Relief (HH), was carrying humanitarian aid and construction materials for the
stranded Palestinians. A private Pakistani TV channel (Aaj TV) journalist/anchor Talat
Hussain and producer Raza Agha, and Nadeem Ahmed Khan went missing after the attack by
the Israeli forces.
Israel and Pakistan do not have diplomatic relations with each other;
therefore Pakistan requested an INTEROL through NCB IP Islamabad. On 1st June 2010,
IPSG informed IP Islamabad that on the request of NCB IP Islamabad, the 3 Pakistanis have
been turned over to Jordanian authorities. On the next day i.e 02.06.2010 NCB Amman
confirmed their safe arrival to Jordan.
The above 4 Case studies of different nature depicts the usefulness of INTERPOL .It bypasses the normal Diplomatic Channels which not also takes months but sometime years to
do the same job done. INTERPOL vitality and importance cannot be ignored, however due to
the silence and secrecy shrouding its operations, the importance of the organization normally
doesnt come into limelight.
CONCLUSION:
INTERPOL is the only international organization which survived the First
World War and later became so much importance that even the United
Nations gave it an Observer status.
The main issue in taking

Recommendations

Biblography

62

63