Chapter 4: Red-Blue Lesions

Test Bank
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Biopsy of a purple mass in the tongue of a 67-year-old man showed numerous
vascular channels lined by benign endothelial cells. The lesion was not encapsulated,
and the vascular channels were filled with blood. This is a description of a:
a. Vascular malformation
b. Lymphoma
c. Hematoma
d. Lymphangioma
e. Lymphoepithelial cyst
ANS: A
REF: Chap 4 (Reactive lesions/Varix and other acquired malformations), p 118
2. Biopsy of a mass in the lower lip of a 10-year-old boy showed inflamed granulation
tissue. This describes which of the following?
a. Mucous extravasation phenomenon
b. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma
c. Hematoma
d. Lymphangioma
e. Pyogenic granuloma
ANS: E

REF: Chap 4 (Pyogenic granuloma/Etiology), p 118

3. Trauma or irritation is believed to be an initiating event for which of the following?

a. Neurofibroma
b. Verruca vulgaris
c. Fibromatosis
d. Pyogenic granuloma
e. All the above
ANS: D
REF: Chap 4 (Pyogenic granuloma/Etiology/Clinical features), pp 118-119
4. Generally, which of the following is the most likely to show microscopic evidence of
dysplasia?
a. Idiopathic leukoplakia
b. Geographic tongue
c. Idiopathic erythroplakia
d. Nicotine stomatitis
e. None of the above
ANS: C

REF: Chap 4 (Erythroplakia/Histopathology), p 122

5. Examination reveals an asymptomatic 1 1 cm red mass between teeth 7 and 8. The

patient is pregnant and in good health. Which of the following should be at the top of
a differential diagnosis list?
a. Erythroplasia
Copyright 2012, 2008, 2003, 1999, 1993, 1989 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.

Test bank
b.
c.
d.
e.

Gingival cyst
Candidiasis
Pyogenic granuloma
Peripheral fibroma

ANS: D
119

REF: Chap 4 (Pyogenic granuloma/Clinical features), pp 118-

6. A focal proliferative gingival mass composed of granulation tissue in response to local

irritation is known as:
a. Erythroplakia
b. Hemangioma
c. Mucocele
d. Traumatic neuroma
e. Pyogenic granuloma
ANS: E
REF: Chap 4 (Pyogenic granulomaentire topic/Table 4-2), pp 118-120
7. Which of the following signs and symptoms are consistent with the diagnosis of
Plummer-Vinson syndrome?
a. Arthritis, xerostomia, geographic tongue
b. Atrophic mucosa, dysphagia, anemia
c. Oral aphthae, conjunctivitis, urethritis
d. Telangiectasias, epistaxis, gingival hypertrophy
e. Mucosal pigmentation (lips), intestinal polyps
ANS: B

REF: Chap 4 (Iron deficiency anemia/Clinical features), p 126

8. Ingestion of certain drugs is known to occasionally precipitate which of the

following?
a. Herpetiform aphthous ulcers
b. Geographic tongue
c. Cicatricial pemphigoid
d. Mucous patches
e. None of the above
ANS: E
REF: Chap 1 (Mucous membrane pemphigoid), pp 15-17 | Chap 2 (Herpetiform
aphthous ulcers), p 39 | Chap 3 (Geographic tongue), pp 95-97 | Chap 4
(Erythroplakia), pp 121-122
9. Trauma may be the initiating factor for all the following except:
a. Traumatic granuloma
b. Riga-Fede ulcer
c. Factitial ulcer
d. Mucous patch
e. Minor aphthous ulcer
ANS: D

REF: Chap 4 (Erythroplakia/Etiology), p 121

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Test bank

10. A 23-year-old woman developed an asymptomatic red and partially ulcerated swelling
in her buccal gingiva between teeth nos. 24 and 25. She is pregnant and is in good
health. This is most likely which of the following?
a. Erythroplasia
b. Gingival cyst
c. Varix
d. Pyogenic granuloma
e. Neuroectodermal tumor
ANS: D
REF: Chap 4 (Pyogenic granuloma/Clinical features/Table 4-2), pp 118-119
11. Which of the following signs and symptoms are consistent with the diagnosis of
Plummer-Vinson syndrome?
a. Aphthous ulcers, conjunctivitis, genital ulcers
b. Atrophic mucosa, dysphagia, anemia
c. Caf au lait macules, neurofibromas
d. Telangiectasias, epistaxis
e. None of the above
ANS: B

REF: Chap 4 (Iron deficiency anemia/Clinical features), p 126

12. Kaposis sarcoma:

a. Is associated with HHV8
b. Occurs most commonly in the palate and gingiva, intraorally
c. Is a proliferation of endothelial cells, macrophages, and other inflammatory
cells
d. Is a proliferation in which focally produced cytokines and growth factor
appear to play a contributing role
e. All the above
ANS: E

REF: Chap 4 (Kaposis sarcomaentire topic), pp 122-124

13. A 68-year-old man presents with a 1 2 cm macular red lesion of his hard palate. This
is asymptomatic, has been present for an unknown duration, and does not blanch with
compression. The best clinical designation for this lesion would be:
a. Vascular malformation
b. Erythroplakia
c. Leukoplakia
d. Chronic ulcer
e. Verrucal-papillary lesion
ANS: B

REF: Chap 4 (Erythroplakia), pp 121-122

14. Systemic corticosteroids can be effective in the control of many oral

inflammatory/immune mucosal conditions. Which of the following cannot be
controlled with its use?
a. Major aphthae
b. Minor aphthae

Copyright 2012, 2008, 2003, 1999, 1993, 1989 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.

Test bank

c. Lichen planus
d. Idiopathic erythroplakia
e. None of the above
ANS: D

REF: Chap 4 (Erythroplakia), pp 121-122

15. It is generally believed that Kaposis sarcoma is an endothelial cell proliferation that
is controlled, in part, by focally produced cytokines and growth factors. The etiologic
agent that is believed to mediate this atypical proliferation is:
a. Cytomegalovirus
b. Human papillomavirus
c. Human herpes virus, type 7
d. Human herpes virus, type 8
e. Epstein-Barr virus
ANS: D

REF: Chap 4 (Kaposis sarcoma/Etiology), p 122

16. Spontaneous involution is a phenomenon that is characteristically associated with

which of the following?
a. White sponge nevus
b. Leukoedema
c. Hairy leukoplakia
d. Amalgam tattoo
e. Congenital hemangioma
ANS: E
REF: Chap 4 (Congenital hemangiomas and congenital vascular
malformations/Treatment), p 115
17. Blood dyscrasias (diseases) may manifest themselves orally in which of the following
ways?
a. Mucosal melanotic macules
b. Lingual varices
c. Bullous eruptions
d. Palatal petechiae
e. Verrucal-papillary lesions
ANS: D
REF: Chap 4 (Petechiae and ecchymoses/Etiology/Box 4-4), pp 114-115
18. Burning mouth or burning tongue syndrome:
a. May result from excessive cigarette smoking
b. Occurs more commonly in men than in women
c. May occur in association with xerostomia
d. Is cured with estrogen therapy
e. Is one of the oral manifestations of HIV-infected patients
ANS: C
p 126

REF: Chap 4 (Burning mouth syndrome/Etiology/Table 4-4),

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Test bank

19. Mental retardation, seizures, and vascular malformation of the face are components of
which of the following conditions?
a. Stevens-Johnson syndrome
b. Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasias
c. Idiopathic erythroplakia
d. Diabetic angiopathy
e. None of the above
ANS: E
REF: Chap 4 (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis [Sturge-Weber syndrome]), pp
116-117
20. HIV-associated Kaposis sarcoma:
a. Is typically seen in men over the age of 60 years
b. Occurs most commonly in the buccal mucosa intraorally
c. Is associated with one of the herpesviruses
d. Has an excellent prognosis
e. Presents as a painful nonhealing ulcer
ANS: C

REF: Chap 4 (Kaposis sarcoma/Etiology), p 122

21. The commonly seen vascular malformation of the lower lip that is associated with
aging and sun exposure is known as:
a. Peripheral giant cell granuloma
b. Pyogenic granuloma
c. Varix
d. Hereditary telangiectasia
e. Kaposis sarcoma
ANS: C
REF: Chap 4 (Varix and other acquired vascular malformations), p 118
22. Burning mouth syndrome:
a. May be caused by Candida albicans
b. Occurs more commonly in women than in men
c. May be associated with xerostomia
d. Most commonly affects the tongue
e. All the above
ANS: E

REF: Chap 4 (Burning mouth syndrome), pp 126-128

23. Vascular malformations of the oral cavity:

a. Do not blanch when compressed
b. Should be biopsied to confirm clinical impression
c. Do not occur in the mandible or maxilla
d. Involute during adulthood
e. None of the above
ANS: E
REF: Chap 4 (Congenital hemangiomas and congenital vascular malformations

Copyright 2012, 2008, 2003, 1999, 1993, 1989 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.

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entire topic), pp 114-115

24. Which of the following blood dyscrasias represents a primary defect in platelets?
a. Hemophilia
b. Agranulocytosis
c. Idiopathic thrombocytopenia
d. Monocytic leukemia
e. Granulocytic leukemia
ANS: C
132

REF: Chap 4 (Petechiae and ecchymoses/Etiology), pp 131-

25. Port-wine stains are cutaneous lesions that may occur as isolated lesions or as part of
the syndrome known a _____ syndrome.
a. Melkersson-Rosenthal
b. Sturge-Weber
c. Rendu-Osler-Weber
d. Burning mouth
e. Albrights
ANS: B
REF: Chap 4 (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis [Sturge-Weber syndrome]), pp
116-117
26. Epistaxis is a clinical sign that is characteristically associated with which of the
following?
a. Rosenthal-Rosenthal syndrome
b. Sturge-Weber syndrome
c. Rendu-Osler-Weber syndrome
d. Burning mouth syndrome
e. Albrights syndrome
ANS: C
REF: Chap 4 (Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia [Rendu-Osler-Weber
syndrome]), p 117
27. Dysplasias and carcinomas account for approximately what percentage of clinical
idiopathic erythroplakias seen in oral mucous membranes?
a. 10%
b. 25%
c. 50%
d. 75%
e. 90%
ANS: E

REF: Chap 4 (Erythroplakia/Histopathology), p 122

28. A 52-year-old woman presents to her dentist with a painful tongue. The tongue
appears normal clinically. Her CBC and diet are also normal. Her problem suggests
which of the following?
a. Acute candidiasis

Copyright 2012, 2008, 2003, 1999, 1993, 1989 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.

Test bank
b.
c.
d.
e.

Vitamin B deficiency
Burning tongue syndrome
Median rhomboid glossitis
Pernicious anemia

ANS: C

REF: Chap 4 (Burning mouth syndrome), pp 126-128

29. Burning mouth syndrome is treated with:

a. Improvement of oral hygiene
b. Antifungals
c. Empathy
d. Empirical measures
e. All the above
ANS: E
128

REF: Chap 4 (Burning mouth syndrome/Treatment), pp 127-

30. Burning mouth syndrome is associated with all the following etiologic factors except:
a. Nutritional deficiency
b. Xerostomia
c. Candida albicans
d. Herpes simplex virus
e. Depression
ANS: D
126-128

REF: Chap 4 (Burning mouth syndromeentire topic), pp

31. White lesion(s) may be seen on the tongue in all the following except:
a. Benign migratory glossitis
b. Burning tongue syndrome
c. Median rhomboid glossitis
d. Idiopathic leukoplakia
e. Lichen planus
ANS: B

REF: Chap 4 (Burning mouth syndrome), pp 126-128

32. A 32-year-old woman presents with a soft, nonpainful mass (1 2 cm) between teeth
nos. 24 and 25. Differential diagnosis should include at least pyogenic granuloma and:
a. Mucous membrane pemphigoid
b. Mucous patch (secondary syphilis)
c. Plasma cell gingivitis
d. Peripheral giant cell granuloma
e. None of the above
ANS: D
REF: Chap 4 (Peripheral giant cell granuloma/Differential diagnosis), p 120
33. Which of the following provides a patient with increased risk for the development of
oral squamous cell carcinoma?
a. Idiopathic leukoplakia

Copyright 2012, 2008, 2003, 1999, 1993, 1989 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.

Test bank
b.
c.
d.
e.

Erythroplakia
Submucous fibrosis
Lichen planus
All the above

ANS: E
REF: Chap 3 (Idiopathic leukoplakia/Submucous fibrosis/Lichen planus), pp 91-95,
97-102, 109-110 | Chap 4 (Erythroplakia), pp 121-122
34. Pinhead-sized red macules were found on the lips and in the buccal and labial mucosa
of a 24-year-old woman. The lesions blanched with compression. The patient also had
a history of frequent epistaxis. She most likely has which of the following?
a. Rendu-Osler-Weber syndrome
b. Sturge-Weber syndrome
c. Iron deficiency anemia
d. Melanoma
e. Lead intoxication
ANS: A
REF: Chap 4 (Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia [Rendu-Osler-Weber
syndrome]), p 117

Copyright 2012, 2008, 2003, 1999, 1993, 1989 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.