Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Lecture
Objec1ves
Understanding
the
popula1on
Demographics
and
sta1s1cs
Dimensions
of
Aging
History
of
successful
aging
Physical
Ac1vity
Modali1es
Benets
14-12-30
The
Answer
1. The
Baby
Boom
Genera9on
(1946-64)
The Answer
14-12-30
The
Answer
2.
Individual
life
expectancy
is
ever
increasing
Most
consistent
scien1c
trend
since
the
1800s
(Ontario
Ministry
of
Finance,
2012;
Oeppen
&
Vaupel,
2002)
The
Answer
3.
Living
longer,
but
with
reduced
quality
of
life
(QOL)
Living
with
comorbidi1es
Most
common:
The Answer
14-12-30
The
Answer
4.
Current
Canadian
health
care
system
is
not sustainable
Secondary/Pathological
Successful/Op9mal
Havinghurst
(1961)
Fries (1980)
14-12-30
Successful
Aging
Rowe
and
Kahn
(1987)
Successful
Aging
Meisner,
Dogra,
Logan
and
Baker
(2010)
Illustrated
a
dose-response
rela1onship
between
PA
levels
and
the
likelihood
of
aging
successfully
Successful
Aging
Inac9vity:
____
x
more
likely
to
have
a
chronic
disease
____
x
more
likely
to
have
func1onal
impairments
____
x
more
likely
to
be
socially
disengaged
14-12-30
Benets
of
PA
Physiological:
CV
func1on,
muscle
mass,
bone
density,
sleep
quality,
strength,
balance
and
exibility
Social:
Enhanced
social
network/support
Psychological:
cogni1ve
func1on,
+
aect,
self-ecacy
Physical
Declines
General
physical
capaci9es
decline
at
a
rate
of
0.5-1.0%
per
year
aXer
30
Commonly
related
to
life1me
of
being
sedentary
14-12-30
Maintenance
Models
1. Compensa9on
Model
(Salthouse)
Individual
components
of
performance
may
decline,
but
overall
performance
quality
may
be
maintained
via
compensa1on
i.e.
older
vs.
younger
typists
Decline
Compensation
Stability
Maintenance
Models
2.
Selec9ve
Maintenance
Model
(Ericsson
&
Krampe)
Maintaining
Performance
Theory
of
Selec1ve
Op1miza1on
with
Compensa1on
(Baltes
&
Baltes,
1990)
Selec9on:
Op9miza9on:
Compensa9on:
14-12-30
Master
Athletes
Golfers
across
career:
Purng
accuracy-
0.11%
per
year
Driving
distance-
0.13%
per
year
Scoring
average-
0.14%
per
year
Hor-what?
Hormesis
Biological
process
where
exposed
to
mild
levels
of
stress
reduces
vulnerability
to
future
stresses
Low
dose
of
s1mula1on
High
dose
inhibi1on
Cogni1ve
Benets
Brain
Reserve
(BR)
vs.
Cogni1ve
Reserve
(CR)
BR
=
amount
of
damage
to
neural
1ssue
that
can
be
withstood
while
preserving
func1oning
CR
=
brains
ability
to
adapt
to
damage
via
compensa1on
14-12-30
Cogni1ve
Benets
Execu9ve
brain
func9oning
begins
to
decline
around
40
years
of
age
5%
of
adults
65+
report
having
1
or
more
cogni1ve
impairment
A
strong
body
makes
the
mind
strong
Thomas
Jeerson
Nurse
Health
Study
(1986);
Honolulu
Asian-Aging
Cohort
(2000)
Psychological
Benets
Aect
Self-ecacy
Psychosocial
Benets
Group
vs.
Individual
Ac9ve
Environments
(Stone,
Meisner,
&
Baker,
2012)
14-12-30
Monoamine
Hypothesis
Neurogenic
Hypothesis
Thermogenic
Hypothesis
Distrac1on
Hypothesis
Self-Image/Mastery
Hypothesis
Social
Interac1on
Hypothesis
AND
Declines
are
associated
with
a
sedentary
lifestyle,
which
can
be
aoenuated
for
with
more
physical
ac1vity
10