ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION

1 | Page

This is to certify that DINESH KUMAR SINGH of

12th science has completed his project entitled on
ELECTROMAGENTIC

INDUCTION

during

the

academic year 2014-2015 for his partial fulfillment

of his academic course.
To the best of my knowledge, the subject matter
present in the project is original and bonafide in
nature.

Project Guide: - MR.DEVENDRA(PHY.TEACHER)

Place: - K.V SEC-8,R.K PURAM,N.D

2 | Page

First and foremost I would like to thanks my

teacher MR.DEVENDRA for his constant guidance
and support.

I would also like to extend my sincere gratitude to

Lab Attender who has helped me in the successful
completion of my project entitled
ELECTROMAGENTIC INDUCTION.

DINESH KR.SINGH
12th A (Science)

3 | Page

Electromagnetic

induction is

the

production

of

a potential

difference (voltage) across a conductor when it is exposed to a

varying magnetic field. Faraday's law of induction is a basic law
of electromagnetism predicting how a magnetic field will interact
with an electric circuit to produce an electromotive force (EMF). It
is the fundamental operating principle of transformers, inductors,
and many types of electrical motors, generators and solenoids.
Electricity is carried by current, or the flow of electrons. One
useful characteristic of current is that it creates its own magnetic
field. This is useful in many types of motors and appliances.
FARADAYS LAW: - The induced electromotive force in any closed
circuit is equal to the negative of the time rate of change of
the magnetic flux through the circuit.

4 | Page

The principles of electromagnetic induction

applied in many devices and systems, including:

Current clamp

Electrical generators

Electromagnetic forming

Graphics tablet

Hall effect meters

Induction cookers

Induction motors

Induction sealing

Induction welding

Inductive charging

Inductors

Magnetic flow meters

Mechanically powered flashlight

Pickups

Rowland ring

are

5 | Page

Transcranial magnetic stimulation

Transformers

Wireless energy transfer

AIM
Observe how current can create a magnetic field.

MATERIALS

Thin copper wire

Long metal nail

12-V lantern battery

9-V battery

Wire cutters

Toggle switch

Electrical tape

Paper clips

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

6 | Page

PPROCEDURE
1. Cut a long length of wire and attached
one end to the positive output of the
toggle switch.
2. Twist the wire at least 50 times around
the nail to create a solenoid.

7 | Page

3.

Once the wire has covered the nail,

tape the wire to the negative terminal of
the 12V battery.
4. Cut a short piece of wire to connect
the positive terminal of the battery to the
negative terminal of the toggle switch.
5. Turn on the switch.
6. Bring paper clips close to the
nail. What happens? How many paper
clips can you pick up?
7. Repeat the experiment with the 9V
battery.
8. Repeat the experiment with the 9V
and 12V batteries arranged in series.

RESULTS
The current running through the circuit will cause the nail to be magnetic and
attract paper clips. The 12V battery will create a stronger magnet than the
9V battery. The series circuit will create a stronger magnet than the
individual batteries did.

Why?
8 | Page

Electric currents always produce their own magnetic fields. This phenomenon is
represented by the right-hand-rule:
If you make the Thumbs-Up sign with your hand like this:

The current will flow in the direction the thumb is pointing, and the magnetic
field direction will be
described by the
direction of the
fingers. This
means when you
change the
direction of the
current, you also
change the direction
of the magnetic
field. Current flows
(which means
electrons flow) from
the negative end
of a battery through
the wire to the
positive end of the
battery, which can
help you determine what the direction of the magnetic field will be.
When the toggle switch is turned on, the current will flow from the negative
terminal of the battery around the circuit to the positive terminal. When the
current passes through the nail it induces, or creates, a magnetic field. The
12V battery produces a larger voltage; therefore, produces a higher current
for a circuit of the same resistance. Larger currents will induce larger (and
stronger!) magnetic fields, so the nail will attract more paperclips when using a
larger voltage.

Comprehensive Physics Laboratory Manual Class XII

9 | Page

http://www.google.com.in/
http://www.answers.yahoo.com/
http://www.wikipedia.org/
http://www.icbse.com/

10 | P a g e