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Mathematics
COMMERCIAL ARITHMETIC
Compound Interest:
A=P+I
S.I. =
S.I. for 1st year = C.I. for 1st year
C. I. for (n + 1) year = C.I. of nth year + Int. on it for 1 year ; R% =
%, where T = 1yr
A=P
C.I. = P
A=P
A=P
A=P
For Growth: V = V0
For Depreciation: V = V0
C.P.
C.P.
M.P.
Banking:
1. SB Account:
a. Withdrawal = Debit
b. Deposit = Credit
c. Steps for calculation of interest:
i. Find the minimum balance of each month between 10th day and the last day.
ii. Add all the balances. This is the Equivalent Monthly Principal for 1 month.
iii. Calculate the SI on the Equivalent Monthly Principal with T =
years.
iv. No interest is paid for the month in which the account is closed.
v. If the Amount Received on closing is asked, add the interest to the LAST BALANCE
and not to the Equivalent Monthly Principal.
2. RD Account:
a. I =
;T=
b. M.V. = P
nterest
NV
Return % =
Rate of dividend%
100 %
NV = Return %
MV ; DN = PM
100 %
100 %
3
ALGEBRA
Linear Inequations:
The signs
(for
), hollow circle
Quadratic Equations:
1. Quadratic equation is an equation with one variable, the highest power of the variable is 2.
2. Some useful results:
a) (a + b)2 = a2 + b2 + 2ab
b) (a - b)2 = a2 + b2 - 2ab
c) a 2 b2= (a + b) (a b)
d) (a + b)2 - (a - b)2 = 4ab
e) (a + b)3 = a3 + b3 + 3ab(a + b)
f) (a - b)3 = a3 - b3 - 3ab(a - b)
4
x=
A ratio is a comparison of the sizes of two or more quantities of the same kind by division. Since ratio
is a number, so it has no units.
To find the ratio between two quantities, change them to the same units.
= = =
Duplicate ratio of a : b is a2 : b2
Triplicate ratio of a : b is a3 : b3
Sub-duplicate ratio of a : b is
:
5
Sub-triplicate ratio of a : b is
Reciprocal ratio of a : b is b : a
Invertendo - If a : b = c : d, then b : a = d : c
Alternendo - If a : b = c : d, then a : c = b : d
Componendo - If a : b = c : d, then a + b : b = c + d : d
Dividendo - If a : b = c : d, then a - b : b = c - d : d
2. If the remainder on dividing a polynomial f (x) by (x a), f (a) = 0, then (x - a) is a factor of f (x).
3. When f (x) is divided by (ax + b), then remainder is f
4. When f (x) is divided by (ax - b), then remainder is f
,a
,a
0
0
Matrices:
A rectangular arrangement of numbers, in the form of horizontal (rows) and vertical lines (columns)
is called a matrix. Each number of a matrix is called its element. The elements of a matrix are
enclosed in brackets [ ].
The order of a matrix = No. of rows No. of columns
Row matrix: Only 1 row.
Column matrix: Only 1 column.
6
No. of columns.
Unit matrix (I): A diagonal matrix with all the elements on the leading diagonal = 1; I =
then At =
Transpose of a matrix: If A =
Addition or subtraction of matrices is possible iff they are of the same order.
Addition of two matrices:
xy
b a ,
=
y = b , order of the product matrix = ( x a) ,
, run & fall
COORDINATE GEOMETRY
Reflection:
Mx (x, y) = (x, -y)
My (x, y) = (-x, y)
Mo (x, y) = (-x, -y)
X- axis: y = 0
Y- axis : x = 0
Any point that remains unaltered under a given transformation is called an invariant point.
(x, y)
(2a x, y )
(x, y)
(x, 2a - y)
; ratio = m1 : m2
Equation of a Line:
Every straight line can be represented by a linear equation.
Any point, which satisfies the equation of a line, lies on that line.
8
Slope or gradient of any inclined plane is ratio of vertical rise and horizontal distane.
Slope of a line (m) =
= tan
Inclination
Inclination
Slope of a line which passes through any two points P(x1, y1) and Q(x2, y2) =
m2 = -1.
Equation of a line:
o y = mx + c
).
GEOMETRY
Symmetry:
A figure is said to have line symmetry if on folding the figure about this line, the two parts of the
figure exactly coincide.
Geometrical Name
Line(s) of Symmetry
Line segment
A pair of equal parallel 2 lines of symmetry line midway and perpendicular bisector of them.
line segments
A scalene triangle
Nil
An isosceles triangle
An equilateral triangle
An isosceles trapezium 1 the line joining midpoints of the two parallel sides.
A parallelogram
Nil
A Rhombus
2 the diagonals
A rectangle
A square
A kite
1 the diagonal that bisects the pair of angles contained by equal sides.
A circle
A semicircle
1 the
A regular pentagon
A regular hexagon
10
Similarity:
Criteria for similarity 1. AA or AAA
A drawn from vertex of a rt- d
divides the
3. SSS
into 2 similar
2. SAS
of equal area.
have common vertex & are between same ||, ratio of their areas = ratio of bases.
Scale factor = k, k =
; k2 =
; k3 =
Loci:
The locus is the set of all points which satisfy the given geometrical condition.
Locus of a point equidistant from 2 fixed points is
Locus of a point equidistant from 2 intersecting lines is angle bisector between the lines.
Locus of a point at a constant distance from a fixed point is circle.
Locus of a point equidistant from a given line is a pair of lines parallel to the given line and at the
given distance from it.
For equilateral triangle, centroid = incentre = circumcentre = orthocentre
Circle:
A line drawn from centre of a circle to bisect the chord is
to the chord.
A perpendicular line drawn to a chord from the centre of the circle bisects the chord.
The
One and only one circle can be drawn passing through 3 non-collinear points.
Equal chords are equidistant from the centre.
11
Chords which are equidistant from the centre are equal in length.
If the parallel chords are drawn in a circle, then the line through the midpoints of the chords passes
through the centre.
Greater the size of chord, lesser is its distance from the centre.
Angle at the centre = 2 angle on the circumference.
Angles in the same segment are equal.
Angle in a semicircle is a right angle.
The opposite angles of a cyclic quadrilateral are supplementary.
If the opposite angles of a quadrilateral are supplementary, then the quadrilateral is cyclic.
Angle in the major segment is acute and in the minor segment is obtuse.
Exterior angle of a cyclic quadrilateral = Interior opposite angle.
In equal or same circle. If two arcs subtend equal angle at the centre, then they are equal.
In equal circle, if two arcs are equal, then they subtend equal angle at the centre.
In equal circle, if two chords are equal, they cut off equal arcs.
In equal circle, if two arcs are equal, the chords of the arcs are also equal.
The tangent at any point of a circle & the radius through this point are
to each other.
MENSURATION
r + 2r
Area of a circle = r2
Area of a circular ring = (R2 r2)
Area of a semi-circle =
r2
Area of a quarter-circle =
r2
,s=
a2
R2 - r2)h
R2 - r2)
r2h
r3
r2
Volume a hemisphere =
r3
(R3 - r3)
14
TRIGONOMETRY
Trigonometry:
OR
=0
cos
tan
n.d.
= 1 ( mutual understanding)
2
=1
=
=
90
60
45
30
= 1 or 1 +
2
= 1 or 1 +
=
,
=
,
,
=
=
15
STATISTICS
Statistics:
Arithmetic mean on non tabulated data:
+ A ; A = assumed mean , d = x A
=
+ A ; i = class width , t =
term
if n is odd.
term if n is even
term if n is even
16
Probability:
Probability is a measure of uncertainty.
An Experiment is an action which results in some (well-defined) outcomes.
Sample space is the collection of all possible outcomes of an experiment. n(S)
An Event is a subset of the sample space associated with a random experiment. n(E)
An Event occurs when the outcome of an experiment satisfies the condition mentioned in the event.
The outcomes which ensure the occurrence of an event are called favourable outcomes to that event.
The probability of an event E, written as P(E), is defined as P (E) =
P(E) =
The value of probability is always between 0 and 1.
The probability of sure (certain) event is 1.
The probability of an impossible event is 0.
An elementary event is an event which has one (favourable) outcome from the sample space.
A Compound event is an event which has more than one outcome from the sample space.
If E is an event, then the event not E is complementary event of E and denoted by .
0
P(E) + P( ) = 1
In a pack (deck) of playing cards, there are 52 cards which are divided into 4 suits of 13 cards each
spades (
), hearts (
), diamonds (
) and clubs (
while hearts and diamonds are of red colour. The cards in each suit are ace, king, queen, jack, 10, 9,
8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2. Kings, queens and jacks are called face (picture/court) cards. The cards bearing
number 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2 are called numbered cards. Thus a pack of playing cards has 4 aces, 12
face cards and 36 numbered cards. The aces together with face cards (= 16). are called cards of
honour.
When a coin is tossed, it may show head (H) up or tail (T) up. Thus the outcomes are: {H, T}.
When two coins are tossed simultaneously, then the outcomes are: {HH, HT, TH, TT}. [n(S) = 2n]
When a die is thrown once the outcomes are: {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}.
[n(S) = 6n]
When two dice are thrown simultaneously, then the outcomes are: {(1, 1),(1, 2).(6, 6)}.
17
ICSE March-2015
(MATHEMATICS)
SAMPLE MODEL PAPER
Time: 2 hours
M.M.: 80
Instructions: You will not be allowed to write during the first 15 minutes.
This time is to be spent in reading the Question Paper.
The time given at the head of this Paper is the time allowed for writing the answers.
Section I is compulsory. Attempt any four questions from Section II.
The intended marks for questions or the parts of questions are given in brackets [ ].
Question 1
A.
B.
C.
The difference of C.I. payable half-yearly and S.I. on a sum of money lent out at 10% p.a. for
one year was Rs 25. Find the sum.
[3 Marks]
and B =
[3 Marks]
[4 Marks]
Question 2
A.
Solve for x :
[3Marks]
Page: 1
B.
a perfect square
ii.
iii.
a number < 5
iv.
[3 Marks]
B
C.
i)
DAB
ii)
ADB
[4 Marks]
Question 3
A.
Mr. Prakash Nagaria opened a Recurring Deposit Account in a bank and deposited Rs. 300 per
month for two years. If he received Rs. 7725 at the time of maturity, find the rate of interest per
annum.
B.
[3 Marks]
A bicycle wheel whose diameter is 77 cm makes 50 revolutions in 20 seconds. Find the speed in
km/h. [Take = 22/7]
C.
[3 Marks]
KM is a straight line of 13 units. If K has the coordinates (2, 5) and M has coordinates (x, -7), find
the possible values of x.
[4 Marks]
Question 4
A.
,x
Solve: x +
B.
C.
- 2sin2 45.
16
[3 Marks]
13
Draw a histogram for the above data and estimate the mode.
[3 Marks]
120 - 130
130 - 140
2
[4 Marks]
Page: 2
Question 5
A.
A purchases an article for Rs. 3,100 and sells it to B for Rs. 4,250. B in turn sells it to C for Rs.
5,000. If VAT is 10%, find the VAT levied on A and B.
B.
Find the volume of a right circular conical tent, whose vertical height is 8 m and the area of
whose base is 156 m2.
C.
[3 Marks]
[3 Marks]
ABCD is a rhombus. The coordinates of A and C are (3, 6) and (-1, 2) respectively. Write down
the equation of BD.
[4 Marks]
Question 6
A.
B.
Plot A (4, 4), B (4, -6) and C (8, 0), the vertices of a triangle ABC.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
[5 Marks]
The rate of interest decreases from 5 % to 4% with effect from 01.06.2013. Compute the
interest at the end of the year on a saving bank account for the entries shown in the table if the
interest is payable yearly.
Date , Year 2013
January 1
February 9
1,200
March 11
2,500
June 25
3,500
September 10
1,500
November 5
4,000
December 23
[5 Marks]
500
Page: 3
Question 7
A.
Find the numbers such that their mean proportion is 14 and third proportion is 112. [3 Marks]
B.
Find x and y, if
C.
[3 Marks]
D
F
[4 Marks]
A
Question 8
A.
80 85
85 90
90 95
95 - 100
100 - 105
105 -110
110 - 105
Frequency
10
12
3
[5 Marks]
B.
Draw a cumulative frequency curve (ogive) for the following distribution and determine the
median.
Marks
No. of Students
50 - 60
60 - 70
70 - 80
80 - 90
90 - 100
12
10
[5 Marks]
Question 9
A.
Mr. Nilesh holds 150 shares of face value Rs. 50 each. The company declares a dividend of 15%.
Find his income.
[3 Marks]
B.
[3 Marks]
C.
Prove that:
[4 Marks]
= sin A + cos A
Page: 4
Question 10
A.
Solve for x :
= 3.
[3 Marks]
B.
A certain sum of money compounded annually becomes Rs 6750 after 1 year and Rs 7873.20
after 3 years. Find the sum.
C.
[3 Marks]
A vertical pole and a vertical tower are on the same level ground. From the top of the pole the
angle of elevation of the top of the tower is 60and the angle of depression of the foot of the
tower is 30. Find the height of the tower if the height is of the pole is 20 m.
[4 Marks]
Question 11
A.
The sum of squares of two consecutive natural numbers is 313. Find the numbers. [3Marks]
B.
[3 Marks]
P
BPC.
C.
Find the equation of the altitude AD of the triangle whose vertices are A (7, -1), B (-2, 8) and
C (1, 2).
[4 Marks]
**************
Page: 5
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