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How to Calculate Rolling Offsets

A rolling offset in a plumbing system is when a pipe changes in both the horizontal and vertical
planes. To visualize the travel of the pipe, imagine a three dimensional box with the pipe
entering at one corner and exiting at the farthest diagonal corner.

Step 1 - Calculating the True Offset

The first number you need to find when calculating a rolling offset is the
"true offset" which is found using Pythagoras' theorem. This simply means that the offset
squared plus the rise squared will equal the true offset squared. You then need to take the
square root of the result to get the true offset.

Step 2 - Finding the Setback and Diagonal

Once you know the true offset you can use a table to determine the setback and diagonal
center to center measurements. See the table below for the most common fitting constants. If
your studying for a plumbing exam you will need to remember the 45constants.

Fitting angle 60

45

22

Diagonal =
1.155
true offset X

1.414

2.613

Setback =
0.577
true offset X

1.000

2.414

Practice Question

Solve for pipes A, B, and C in the image below using 45 degree fittings and again using 22.5
degree fittings. The measurements are shown in imperial but all the constants are the same
for metric. Scroll down for answers.

22.5 Degree fitting

45 Degree fitting

True offset

14.42"

14.42"

Setback

34.81"

14.42"

Pipe A
42" - setback =

7.19"

27.58"

Pipe B

37.68"

20.39"

Pipe C
61" - setback =

26.19"

46.58"

Solve for...

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