NEUROSURGERY WARD TOPICS FINAL YEAR SEMESTERIX X, MBBS DOW MEDICAL COLLEGE, DUHS

Topic # 1
Major Topic

Head Injury and Management

Learning Objectives
At the end of the session the student shall be able to
1. Recognize different types of head injury.
2. Assess patients in emergency
3. Plan investigation of trauma patients.
4. Read x-rays of skull, cervical spine and CT scan of the head of trauma patients.
5. Manage the patients with head injury emergency.
6. Describe the long term management of head injury patients.
7. Decide which patients need investigation and observation.

Topic # 2
Major Topic

Spinal Injury & Management

Learning Objectives
At the end of the session the student shall be able to
1. Recognize different types of spinal injury.
2. Assess patients of spinal injury in emergency
3. Administer emergency treatment of these patients including emergency
resuscitation,
4. Understand principles of immobilization, cervical collar, log-roll, traction and fixation.
5. Plan investigation of trauma patients.
6. Read x-rays of cervical, thoracic and lumbar spine trauma patients.
7. Identify major spinal injuries on MRI of trauma patients.
8. Describe the long term management of spinal injury patients.
9. Describe the principles of physical rehabilitation.
10.Decide which patients need investigation and observation.

Topic # 3
Major Topic

Brain Tumors

Learning Objectives
At the end of the session the student shall be able to
1. Understand the basic classification of brain tumors, benign vs malignant, primary vs
secondary and on the basis of cells of origin.
2. Recognize the general clinical presentation of brain tumors.
3. Plan investigation of patients with brain tumor.
4. Read CT Scan and MRI of important brain tumors (Gliomas, meningiomas, acustic
neuromas, pituitary tumors and medastatis).
5. Recognize patients with raise intracranial pressure and Institute emergency
management.
6. Outline the principles of management of brain tumors.
7. Describe the principles of craniotomy.
8. Recognized the post operative complications following craniotomy and decide which
patients need investigation and observation.

Topic # 4
Major Topic

Degenerative Spinal Diseases

Learning Objectives
At the end of the session the student shall be able to
1. Understand the basic classification of brain tumors, benign vs malignant, primary vs
secondary and on the basis of cells of origin.
2. Recognize the general clinical presentation of brain tumors.
3. Plan investigation of patients with brain tumor.
4. Read CT Scan and MRI of important brain tumors (Gliomas, meningiomas, acustic
neuromas, pituitary tumors and medastatis).
5. Recognize patients with raise intracranial pressure and Institute emergency
management.
6. Outline the principles of management of brain tumors.
7. Describe the principles of craniotomy.
8. Recognized the post-operative complications following craniotomy and decide which
patients need investigation and observation.

Topic # 5
Major Topic

Cerebro Vascular Accidents

LEARNING OBJECTIVES.
By the end of the session the student is able to :
1. Recognize the different types of brain haemorrhages
2. Differentiate between subarachnoid and intracerebral haemorrhage
3. Understand the presentation of Subarachnoid Haemorrhage.
4. Enlist different causes of SAH
5. Diagnose SAH on the basis of presentation and order relevant investigations.
6. Manage patient medically.
7. Describe the surgical management of different causes of SAH.
8. Read the CT scan of SAH and intracerebral haemorrhage.
9. Describe the presentation of Hypertensive intracerebral haemorrhage
10.Describe the management of intracerebral haemorrhage.

Topic # 6
Tutorial 1

Neurological Assessment

Learning Objectives
At the end of the session the student shall be able to
1. Record comprehensive history of patients with neurological symptoms.
2. Do a complete neurological examination in correct way.
3. Tailor neurological examination according to the history.
4. Localize the lesion and suggest the differential diagnosis.
5. Order relevant investigations.

Topic # 7
Tutorial 2

Approach to Patient with Head Injury

Learning Objectives
At the end of the session the student shall be able to
1. Do primary survey and basic resuscitation ABC in a simulated patient.
2. Perform secondary survey.
3. Order relevant investigations blood investigation X-rays, CT Scans, MRI.
4. Initiate medical treatment to optimize the patient and for raise intracranial pressure.
5. Understands principles of surgical management.
6. Describe the ICU care of head injury patients.

Topic # 8
Tutorial 3

Reading Head CT Scan

Learning Objectives
At the end of the session the student shall be able to
1. Understand the principles of CT scanning.
2. Describe the normal CT scan head and brain.
3. Discuss the principles of mass effect and midline shift.
4. Differentiate between plain and contrast, soft tissue and bone windows
5. Read CT scan of major pathologies such is hydrocephalus, gliomas and meningiomas and
intracerebral haemraghes and brain abscesses.
6. Identify different types of haemotomas.

Topic # 9
Tutorial

Reading MRI Head and Spine

Learning Objectives
At the end of the session the student shall be able to
1. Understand the principles of MRI scanning. T1, T2, FLAIR in contrast.
2. Describe the normal MRI scan head and brain and spine.
3. Differentiate between plain and contrast MRI.
4. Read MRI scan of major pathologies such is brain tumors, hydrocephalus, cerebral
infarctions, spinal injuries and cervical and lumbar disk herniation.

Topic # 10
Tutorial

Approach to Patient with Spinal Injury

Learning Objectives
At the end of the session the student shall be able to
1. Do primary survey and basic resuscitation ABC in a simulated patient.
2. Perform secondary survey.
3. Order relevant investigations blood investigation X-rays, CT Scans, MRI.
4. Initiate medical treatment to optimize the patient.
5. Understands principles of surgical management.
6. Describe the ICU care of spinal injury patients.