AMS 2000 Site Preparation Guide

Hitachi AMS 2100/2300
Site Preparation Guide
FASTFIND LINKS
Preface
Introduction
Safety
Hitachi AMS 2100/2300 Hardware
Rack-Mount Guidelines
Preparing the Site
Specifications
Installation Planning Checklist
MK-98DF8149EN-02
Copyright 2008 Hitachi Ltd., Hitachi Data

Systems Corporation, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Notice: No part of this publication may be
reproduced or transmitted in any form or by
any means, electronic or mechanical, including
photocopying and recording, or stored in a
database or retrieval system for any purpose
without the express written permission of
Hitachi Ltd., and Hitachi Data Systems
Corporation (hereinafter referred to as
Hitachi Data Systems).
Hitachi Ltd. and Hitachi Data Systems reserve
the right to make changes to this document at
any time without notice and assume no
responsibility for its use. Hitachi Ltd. and
Hitachi Data Systems products and services
can only be ordered under the terms and
conditions of Hitachi Data Systems applicable
agreements.
All of the features described in this document
may not be currently available. Refer to the
most recent product announcement or contact
your local Hitachi Data Systems sales office for
information on feature and product
availability.
This document contains the most current
information available at the time of
publication. When new and/or revised
information becomes available, this entire
document will be updated and distributed to all
registered users. Hitachi, Hitachi logo, and
Hitachi Data Systems are registered
trademarks and service marks of Hitachi, Ltd.
The Hitachi Data Systems logo is a trademark
of Hitachi, Ltd.
All other brand or product names are or may
be trademarks or service marks of and are
used to identify products or services of their
respective owners.
ii
Hitachi AMS 2100/2300 Site Preparation Guide
Table of Contents
Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
Document Revision Level .
Changes in this Revision. .
Intended Audience . . . . .
Document Organization . .
Document Conventions . .
Getting Help . . . . . . . . . .
Related Documents . . . . .
Environmental Notices . . .
Comments . . . . . . . . . . .
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.viii
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. ix
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. xi
. xii
. xii
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
Product Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Key Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Expansion Units. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Site Preparation Responsibilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
User Responsibilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Site/Installation Coordinator Responsibilities.
Facilities Personnel Responsibilities . . . . . . .
Hitachi Data Systems Responsibilities . . . . . . .
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1-3
1-4
1-5
1-5
1-6
1-6
1-6
Safety. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
General Safety Guidelines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Safety Symbols on the Base and Expansion Units .
Work Safety Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Warning About Moving Parts. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electrical Safety. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electrostatic Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rack-Mount Safety Considerations . . . . . . . . . . .
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2-2
2-2
2-4
2-5
2-5
2-5
2-6
iii
Hitachi AMS 2100/2300 Hardware Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

Hitachi AMS 2100/2300 Base Units
Front View . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rear View. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Expansion Units . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Front View . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rear View. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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3-2
3-2
3-3
3-5
3-5
3-6
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4-7
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5-2
5-2
5-3
5-3
5-3
5-4
5-4
5-5
5-5
5-7
5-7
5-9
5-9
RAID Tutorial. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1

What is RAID? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Key RAID Benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Data Security . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fault Tolerance . . . . . . . . . . . .
Improved Availability . . . . . . . .
Increased, Integrated Capacity .
Improved Performance . . . . . .
Redundancy Methods . . . . . . . . . .
Mirroring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Parity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Preparing the Site . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1

Facilities Considerations . . . . . . . . .
Selecting a Site . . . . . . . . . . . .
Floor Load Ratings. . . . . . . . . .
Space Requirements . . . . . . . .
Power Considerations . . . . . . .
Power Supplies . . . . . . . . . .
Electrical Requirements . . . .
Environmental Requirements . .
Service Clearance . . . . . . . . . .
User-Supplied Materials . . . . . . . . .
Rack-Mount Considerations . . . . . .
Server Considerations . . . . . . . . . .
Storage Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Mounting an Array in the Hitachi Global 19-Inch Rack . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1

Overview . . . . . .
Rack Dimensions.
Clearances . . . . .
Height . . . . . . . .
Ventilation . . . . .
Power . . . . . . . .
Rail Installation . .
Specifications . . .
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Contents
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6-2
6-2
6-2
6-2
6-3
6-3
6-3
6-3
6-3
6-4
RAID Levels . .
RAID 0 . . .
RAID 0+1 .
RAID 5 . . .
RAID 6 . . .
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6-5
6-6
6-7
6-8
6-9
Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1
Dimensions and Weight . . . .
Environmental Specifications
Electrical Requirements . . . .
Regulatory Compliance . . . .
Safety Certification . . . . . . .
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A-2
A-2
A-3
A-3
A-4
Installation Planning Checklist. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1
Contents
vi
Contents
Preface
This document provides facilities requirements for preparing and
installing Hitachi Adaptable Modular Storage (AMS) 2100/2300
storage system. Using this document, you will be able to prepare
your site for the arrival and installation of your units. To
determine the total components your shipment will include,
please consult your Hitachi Data Systems representative.
This preface includes the following information:
Document Revision Level
Changes in this Revision
Intended Audience
Document Organization
Document Conventions
Getting Help
Related Documents
Environmental Notices
Comments
Notice: The use of the Hitachi AMS 2100/2300 storage system

and all Hitachi Data Systems products is governed by the terms
of your agreement(s) with Hitachi Data Systems.
Preface
vii
Document Revision Level

This section provides a history of the revision changes to this document.
Revision
Date
Description
MK-98DF8149EN-00
October 2008
Initial Release
MK-98DF8149EN-01
October 2008
Revision 1, supersedes and replaces MK98DF8149EN-00
MK-98DF8149EN-02
November 2008
Revision 2, supersedes and replaces MK98DF8149EN-01
Changes in this Revision

Changed references of 2100/2300 family to 2100/2300.
Revised drawings in Chapter 6, RAID Tutorial.
Intended Audience
This document is intended for personnel who will schedule, manage, and
perform the tasks required to prepare your site for installing a Hitachi AMS
2100/2300 storage system.
Document Organization
The following table provides an overview of the contents and organization
of this document. Click the chapter title in the first column to go to that
chapter. The first page of every chapter or appendix contains a brief list of
the contents of that section of the manual, with links to the pages where
the information is located.
Chapter/Appendix
Title
Description
Chapter 1, Introduction
Provides an overview of the Hitachi AMS 2100/2300 storage

system, and the shared responsibilities for installing them.
Chapter 2, Safety
Provides important safety to follow before and during the

installation procedure.
Chapter 3, Hitachi AMS

2100/2300 Hardware
Description
Describes the key hardware components on the Hitachi AMS

2100/2300 storage system.
Chapter 4, Mounting an
Array in the Hitachi
Global 19-Inch Rack
Provides information about the Hitachi Global 19-inch rack,

which can be used to rack-mount Hitachi AMS 2100/2300
units. Specifications for the Hitachi Global 19-inch rack are
also provided.
Chapter 5, Preparing the

Site
Describes how to prepare the site for installing Hitachi AMS

2100/2300 units.
Chapter 6, RAID Tutorial Provides an overview of RAID technology.
viii
Preface
Chapter/Appendix
Title
Description
Appendix A,
Specifications
Lists the key specifications for Hitachi AMS 2100/2300 units.
Appendix B, Installation
Planning Checklist
Provides a checklist for verifying that all installation

requirements for Hitachi AMS 2100/2300 units have been
met.
Document Conventions
This document uses the following conventions to draw your attention to
certain information.
Safety and Warnings

The following symbols are used to draw your attention to certain
information.
Symbol
cv
Meaning
Description
Tip
Tips provide helpful information, guidelines, or suggestions for

performing tasks more effectively.
Note
Notes emphasize or supplement important points of the main

text.
Caution
Cautions indicate that failure to take a specified action could

result in damage to the software or hardware.
WARNING
Warnings indicate that failure to take a specified action could

result in loss of data or serious damage to hardware.
DANGER
Danger warns users of possible injury or death if instructions

are not followed.
ELECTRIC
SHOCK
HAZARD!
This symbol warns users of electric shock hazard. Failure to

take appropriate precautions such as not opening or touching
hazardous areas of the equipment could result in injury or
death.
Electrostatic
Sensitive
The ESD symbol warns users that the equipment is sensitive

to electrostatic discharge (ESD) and could be damaged if users
do not take appropriate precautions such as using a grounded
wrist strap when touching or handling the equipment.
Sharp Edges
or corners
This symbol warns that the equipment many have sharp edges
or corners. Avoid touching or wear gloves.
Preface
ix
Typographic Conventions
The following typographic conventions are used in this document.
Convention
Description
Bold
Indicates text on a window, other than the window title, including

menus, menu options, buttons, fields, and labels. Example: Click
OK.
Italic
Indicates a variable, which is a placeholder for actual text provided

by the user or system. Example: copy source-file target-file. Note:
Angled brackets (< >) are also used to indicate variables.
screen/code
Indicates text that is displayed on screen or entered by the user.

Example: # pairdisplay -g oradb
< > angled

brackets
Indicates a variable, which is a placeholder for actual text provided

by the user or system. Example: # pairdisplay -g <group>
Note: Italic font is also used to indicate variables.
[ ] square
brackets
Indicates optional values. Example: [ a | b ] indicates that you can

choose a, b, or nothing.
{ } braces
Indicates required or expected values. Example: { a | b } indicates

that you must choose either a or b.
| vertical bar
Indicates that you have a choice between two or more options or

arguments. Examples:
[ a | b ] indicates that you can choose a, b, or nothing.
{ a | b } indicates that you must choose either a or b.
underline
Indicates the default value. Example: [ a | b ]
Convention for Storage Capacity Values

Storage capacity values for hard disk drives (HDDs) in Hitachi Data
Systems storage products are calculated based on the following values:
1 KB = 1,000 bytes
1 MB = 1,0002 bytes
1 GB = 1,0003 bytes
1 TB = 1,0004 bytes
For further information on Hitachi Data Systems products and services,

please contact your Hitachi Data Systems account team, or visit Hitachi
Data Systems online at http://www.hds.com.
Getting Help
If you have questions after reading this guide, contact an HDS authorized
service provider or visit the HDS support website: http://support.hds.com
Support Contact Information

If you purchased this product from an authorized HDS reseller, contact that
reseller for support. For the name of your nearest HDS authorized reseller,
refer to the HDS support web site for locations and contact information.
Preface
To contact the Hitachi Data Systems Support Center, please visit the HDS
website for current telephone numbers and other contact information.
http://support.hds.com
Please provide at least the following information about the problem:
Product name, model number, part number (if applicable) and serial
number
System configuration, including names of optional features installed,

host connections, and storage configuration such as RAID groups and
LUNs
Operating system name and revision or service pack number
The exact content of any error message(s) displayed on the host

system(s)
The circumstances surrounding the error or failure
A detailed description of the problem and what has been done to try to
solve it
Confirmation that the HDS Hi-Track remote monitoring feature has

been installed and tested.
NOTE: To help improve the quality of our service and support, your calls
may be recorded or monitored.
HDS Support Web Site

The following pages on the HDS support web site contain other further help
and contact information:
Home Page: http://support.hds.com
Interoperability Information
Hitachi Data Systems believes that interoperability and industry standards
are the keys to simplifying storage management software, exceeding
customer expectations, and driving down customer costs. By working with
other storage industry leaders, Hitachi Data Systems demonstrates how
heterogeneous storage systems can work in concert seamlessly under an
open hardware/software umbrella, to the benefit of our mutual customers.
Interoperability information about the Hitachi AMS 2100/2300 base and
expansion units and other products from Hitachi Data Systems can be
obtained from www.hds.com/products/interoperability.
Related Documents
Hitachi Data Systems offers a complete library of user and online
documentation to ensure you get the most out of the Hitachi AMS 2100/
2300 storage system. The user documentation suite includes
Installation Guides describe how to install Hitachi AMS 2100/2300

storage system.
Preface
xi
User Guides describe how to use software applications from Hitachi

Data Systems that are supported on Hitachi AMS 2100/2300 storage
system.
Host Installation Guides describe how to prepare the Hitachi AMS

2100/2300 storage system for supported host operating systems.
Because each operating system has its own requirements, separate
host installation guides are available for each operating system
supported by Hitachi AMS 2100/2300 storage system.
Release Notes contain requirements, restrictions, and updates about

using Hitachi AMS 2100/2300 storage system.
Environmental Notices
FCC Notice
Federal Communications Commission
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a
Class A digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are
designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference
when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment.This
equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if
not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause
harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment
in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference, in which case
users will be required to correct the interference at their own expense.
Comments
Your comments and suggestions to improve this document are greatly
appreciated. When contacting Hitachi Data Systems, please include the
document title, number, and revision. Please refer to specific section(s) and
paragraph(s) whenever possible.
E-mail: doc.comments@hds.com
Fax:
858-695-1186
Mail:
Technical Writing, M/S 35-10

Hitachi Data Systems
10277 Scripps Ranch Blvd.
San Diego, CA 92131
Thank you! (All comments become the property of Hitachi Data Systems
Corporation.)
xii
Preface
1
Introduction
The required installation planning tasks for the Hitachi Adaptable Modular
Storage (AMS) 2100/2300 base and expansion units must be scheduled and
completed to ensure successful and efficient installation. As your trusted
storage partner, Hitachi Data Systems shares with users the responsibilities
associated with installing the base and expansion units.
This chapter identifies the site planning responsibilities for users and Hitachi
Data Systems. It also provides an overview of the base and expansion units
and summarizes their key features. The key topics in this chapter are:
Product Description
Key Features
Expansion Units
Site Preparation Responsibilities
Introduction
11
Product Description
The Hitachi AMS 2100/2300 storage systems are highly versatile, highly
scalable, and easy-to-use storage solutions that reduce storage
management complexity, cost, and risk and offer the highest levels of
performance, availability, scalability, and reliability. The units boast easy-touse software wizards and Web-based tools for configuring, managing, and
maintaining your storage.
The Hitachi AMS 2100/2300 storage systems consist of a base unit and one
or more expansion units that can be added to the base unit for increased
capacity.
The base unit contains two controllers, two hot-swappable power

supplies and fans, two hot-swappable battery backup units, and up to
15 drives. The base unit also provides fibre channel, management, and
maintenance port interfaces.
An expansion unit contains up to 15 additional drives.
The base and expansion units support a combination of Serial Advanced

Technical Attachment (SATA) drives and Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) drives
within the same enclosure. This unparalleled flexibility allows you to choose
between trusted lower-cost, high-capacity SATA drives or high-performance
SAS drives. Or if you cant decide, you can use them both in a single
enclosure that seamlessly supports both types of drives. In this way, you
can mix and match drive technologies and fine tune system performance,
reliability, and price to meet low-cost or high-performance requirements
or even both at the same time.
When mixing SATA and SAS drives within the same enclosure, observe the
following guidelines:
In the base unit, start with four SATA or SAS drives. You can then mix
SATA and SAS drives in increments of 2 within the same enclosure.
In expansion units, start with two SATA or SAS drives. You can then mix
SATA and SAS drives in increments of 2 within the same enclosure.
Hitachi AMS 2100/2300 storage systems also deliver more cost-effective

options for increased data protection and disaster recovery than competing
products. This advantage provides a comprehensive data life cycle
management solution that allows cost-conscious users to match and deploy
the right class of storage for their application requirements, resulting in a
lower storage total cost of ownership.
12
Introduction
Additional key benefits include:
Pay-as-you-grow scalability by hot-adding 15-drive expansion units

(see Expansion Units on page 1-4)
Switched point-to-point architecture eliminates bottlenecks when

delivering data to/from drives and cache and on to the server ideal
for environments with multiple servers and offering greater flexibility in
designing storage networks
Superior flexibility for handling any workload requirements
Failover support with load balancing moves workloads to the second

controller following a disruption to one controller or network connection
Active-active design reduces management complexities
Base and expansion units can be installed and maintained by users
Tool-free maintenance can be performed by users
All Hitachi AMS 2100/2300 storage systems offer a green storage

platform that is fully RoHS (reduction of hazardous sources) compliant
and energy efficient, with power down options for long-term archive
storage
Key Features
Table 1-1 provides a side-by-side comparison of the key features of the
Hitachi AMS 2100 and AMS 2300 storage systems.
Table 1-1: Hitachi AMS 2100/2300 Key Features

Feature
Hitachi AMS 2100
Hitachi AMS 2300
Processor
Intel 1.67 GHz
Intel 1.67 GHz
Cache
8 GB
16 GB
Fibre channel interface ports
4 (2 per controller)
8 (4 per controller)
Fibre channel speeds
1, 2, and 4 Gbps
1, 2, and 4 Gbps
Drives per base unit
2 - 15 SATA and/or SAS

(can be mixed in 1
enclosure)
2 - 15 SATA and/or SAS

(can be mixed in 1
enclosure)
Drives per expansion unit
Up to 15 SATA and/or SAS

(can be mixed in 1 unit)
Up to 15 SATA and/or SAS

(can be mixed in 1 unit)
Total number of expansion

units/drives (see note below)
7 units / 120 drives
13 units / 210 drives
Maximum number of RAID

groups
50
75
Maximum number of Logical

Units
2048
4096
Maximum Logical Unit size
60 TB
60 TB
Introduction
13
Expansion Units
Effective storage implementations require good configuration and capacity
planning. To that end, it is critical to know your existing storage
requirements and to anticipate what those requirements will be in a year or
two to ensure that the solution being applied today will meet your storage
projections for that timeframe.
A significant benefit of the Hitachi AMS 2100/2300 storage systems is that
you do not have to buy all of your storage at once. You can buy enough
capacity to meet your current needs, and gradually scale your storage over
time by adding expansion units to accommodate increasing demands as
needed. Each expansion unit holds an additional 15 SATA and/or SAS drives.
The drive types can be mixed in the expansion unit, just as they can be
mixed in the base unit. Best of all, the additional capacity can be made
available instantly, simply by daisy-chaining the expansion unit into the
system, without disrupting users or applications.
14
A Hitachi AMS 2100 base unit supports up to 7 expansion units, for a

total storage capacity of 115.2 TB.
A Hitachi AMS 2300 base unit supports up to 13 expansion units, for a

total storage capacity of 201.7 TB.
Introduction
Site Preparation Responsibilities

The following sections identify the responsibilities of the user and of Hitachi
Data Systems when it comes to installing Hitachi AMS 2100/2300 storage
systems.
User Responsibilities
The user is responsible for performing the following tasks, with assistance
as needed from the Hitachi Data Systems account team, to prepare for
installation of the base and expansion units:
Reading this document carefully to understand installation

requirements. You will use the information in this document to
determine the specific requirements for your installation.
Performing the installation planning tasks described in this document.
Completing the checklist in Appendix B before equipment delivery to

verify that all installation requirements are met. If any requirements
are not met, make the changes required to meet the requirements. Be
sure to allow enough time to complete the required changes, so that
the site is ready when the equipment arrives.
Providing the customer-supplied hardware that is required for

installation and configuration (e.g., electrical connectors and
receptacles). For more information, see User-Supplied Materials on
page 5-7.
Verifying that all installation requirements have been met by

completing the Installation Planning Checklist in Appendix B and that
thee are no obstructions to getting the base and expansion units to
their final location (narrow doorways, etc.).
Observing all applicable safety requirements at all times (see Chapter

2, Safety).
Working with your Hitachi Data Systems account team during the
installation planning process. This step may include:
Providing Hitachi Data Systems with delivery instructions.
Unloading the shipping carton.
Verifying that neither the carton nor the items in it have been
damaged. if items are missing or damaged, should users contact
carrier, HDS.
Receiving and inspecting the base and expansion units.
Ensuring that all components on the packing list have been

delivered, and that no items are missing.
Transporting the units to the installation location (at least 3 people

should be used to move and position each unit).
Introduction
15
Site/Installation Coordinator Responsibilities

If a site or installation coordinator will be involved, that person should:
Review the site preparation guide for safety information and

system requirements.
Coordinate personnel and tasks.
Order required materials.
Choose the site.
Review checklists with HDS representative to verify that the site is

properly prepared.
Schedule the installation and informs personnel of the installation

date.
Ensure that the site is clear of unnecessary material on the

installation day.
Be available throughout installation.
Facilities Personnel Responsibilities

If facilities personnel will be involved, those individuals should ensure that
installation requirements are met for:
Space at the installation site
Temperature and humidity
Ventilation
Electrical supply
Computer
Safety and installation materials
In addition, facilities personnel should move the base and expansion units
in their carton to the installation site before the installation date (at least 3
people should be used to move and position the units) and be available if
needed during the installation.
NOTE: Please see Appendix A for environmental specifications.
Hitachi Data Systems Responsibilities

Your Hitachi Data Systems account team will assist you throughout the site
planning process. The Hitachi Data Systems account team is responsible
for:
16
Assisting you as needed to plan the installation for your specific site
and operational configuration.
Coordinating Hitachi Data Systems resources to ensure smooth

delivery, installation, and configuration of the units.
Introduction
2
Safety
Install Hitachi Adaptable Modular System (AMS) 2100/2300 storage
systems accordance with the local safety codes and regulations that apply
to the facility. This chapter contains additional safety information that may
apply to your facility. Read and follow the safety guidelines in this chapter
before installing the units. The key sections in this chapter are:
General Safety Guidelines

Safety Symbols on the Base and Expansion Units
Work Safety Guidelines
Electrical Safety
Electrostatic Safety
Warning About Moving Parts
Rack-Mount Safety Considerations
Safety
21
General Safety Guidelines

Observe the following general safety guidelines:
Do not make mechanical or electrical modifications to the equipment.

Hitachi Data Systems is not responsible for regulatory compliance of a
modified Hitachi Data Systems product.
To minimize personal injury in the event of an earthquake, securely

fasten the base and expansion units to a rigid structure extending from
the floor to the ceiling or from the walls of the room in which the units
are located.
Safety Symbols on the Base and Expansion Units

Safety warnings, cautions, and instructions in various languages can appear
on the base and expansion units. The safety warnings provide safety
guidelines to follow when working with any equipment. We recommend that
you read all warning labels on the hardware.
Figure 2-1: Example of Safety Labels on Base Unit
22
Safety
Figure 2-2: Example of Safety Labels on Expansion Unit
Safety
23
Work Safety Guidelines

Observe the following preventive site guidelines:
Do not wear loose clothing that could get caught in the chassis or
mounting hardware. Fasten your tie or scarf and roll up your sleeves.
Wear safety glasses when working under conditions that are hazardous
to your eyes.
Do not perform any action that creates a potential hazard to people or

makes the equipment or rack unsafe.
Keep walkways clear of tools, power cables, and parts to prevent them
from being stepped on or cause people to trip and fall over them.
Do not work on the equipment or disconnect cables during a

thunderstorm, when wearing a wool sweater or other heavy wool
clothing, or when power is applied.
Keep floors dry to prevent slips and falls.
Do not use ungrounded power cables.
Keep the area clear and dust-free during and after installation.
Do not block or cover the openings of the base and expansion units.
Never place a unit near a radiator or heat register. Failure to follow
these guidelines can cause overheating and affect the units reliability.
Ensure that the chassis cover is secure. The chassis is designed to allow
cooling air to flow effectively within it. An open chassis allows air leaks,
which may interrupt and redirect the flow of cooling air from internal
components.
The Hitachi Global 19-inc rack is equipped with wheels so that you can
move it. Use enough personnel when moving the cabinet, especially on
sloping loading docks and ramps, to gain access to a raised computer
room floor. Move the cabinet slowly and deliberately, and make sure
that the floor is free from foreign objects and cables that the cabinet
could roll over.
WARNING! To avoid injury, wear protective footwear when moving a base

or expansion unit.
24
Safety
Warning About Moving Parts

Observe the following warning related to moving parts:
Base and expansion units are equipped with high-precision

components. When removing and installing components, handle them
gently to prevent mechanical shock.
Tuck in any loose clothing so that it will not be caught by a moving or

rotating part such as a fan.
Tie up long hair.
Unless otherwise specifically instructed, do not supply power to any

device that contains rotating or moving parts that are not properly
covered.
If instructed to supply power to any device with rotating or moving

parts whose covers have been removed, work with another person who
can immediately turn off the power in an emergency.
Electrical Safety
Observe the following safety guidelines:
Disconnect all power before installation.
Electrical equipment generates heat. Ambient air temperature might

not be adequate to cool equipment to acceptable operating
temperatures without adequate circulation. Ensure that the room in
which you operate your system has adequate air circulation.
Ensure that the voltage and frequency of your power source match the
voltage and frequency required by the unit.
All powered equipment should be properly grounded for proper

operation and safety. To reduce the risk of electric shock or damage to
equipment, follow proper grounding procedures.
Electrostatic Safety
Electrostatic discharge (ESD) can damage static-sensitive devices, such as
the controllers and drives in the base and expansion units. Therefore,
observe the following guidelines when handling this equipment:
Wear an anti-static wrist strap to help prevent damage to the units due
to electrostatic discharge (ESD). Connect the clip on the strap to an
unpainted part of the chassis to safely channel any static electricity
generated by your body to ground. If no wrist strap is available, ground
yourself by touching an unpainted part of the chassis.
When handling a drive, hold it with the hand on which you are wearing
the wrist strap. You can discharge static electricity by touching the
frame of the drive.
When installing or removing ESD-sensitive components such as the

motherboard, memory, and other printed-circuit boards, place the
components on an antistatic mat.
Safety
25
Rack-Mount Safety Considerations
NOTE: In addition to the information below, see the detailed rack

information in Chapter 4, Mounting an Array in the Hitachi Global 19-Inch
Rack.
Base and expansion units are mounted in a rack. The location of the units
in the rack, along with the layout of your equipment rack and its wiring, are
extremely important for proper system operation. Equipment placed too
closely together, can cause inadequate ventilation, and inaccessible panels.
These can cause system malfunctions and shutdowns, and can make
system maintenance difficult.
Observe the following rack-mount guidelines:
Fully configured base and expansion units can weigh hundreds of

pounds (see Floor Load Ratings on page 5-3). Ensure that all surfaces
over which this system will travel can withstand this load.
Enclosed racks must have adequate ventilation. Allow enough

ventilation space between the base and expansion units and other
objects in the vicinity. In particular, be sure not to block the air vents on
the front and back of the base and expansion units. An enclosed rack
should have louvered sides and a fan to provide cooling air.
Start mounting the units from the bottom of the rack. If the unit is
mounted at the top of the rack, the rack may become unstable and fall.
WARNING! If a unit falls during installation, it can cause personal

injury. When lifting the unit, be sure you have a sufficient number
of people. Unit positioning, fastening, or other handling should be
performed very carefully.
Expansion
Unit
Base Unit
Figure 2-3: Examples of Base/ Expansion Units Mounted

at the Bottom of a Rack
26
When mounting a chassis in an open rack, ensure that the rack frame
does not block the airflow from either the intake or the exhaust ports.
If the chassis is installed on slides, check the position of the chassis
when it is seated all the way in the rack.
Safety
In an enclosed rack with a ventilation fan in the top, excessive heat

generated by equipment near the bottom of the rack can be drawn
upward and into the intake ports of the equipment above it in the rack.
Ensure that you provide adequate ventilation for equipment at the
bottom of the rack.
When using the Hitachi Global 19-inch rack, note that the casters
facilitate movement of the rack across short distances to position it for
final installation. Although the casters can support the weight of the
rack with installed components, they are not designed for supporting
the full weight of the rack on a long-term basis. When the rack is in its
final position for installation, be sure that the full weight of the rack is
supported by the stabilizing feet. Otherwise, the casters may be
damaged.
Safety
27
28
Safety
3
Hitachi AMS 2100/2300
Hardware Description
This chapter provides a high-level overview of the Hitachi AMS 2100/2300
storage system hardware. The key topics in this chapter are:

Expansion Units
Hitachi AMS 2100/2300 Hardware Description

31

Front View
All Hitachi AMS 2100/2300 base units have light-Emitting Diode (LED)
indicators on the front panel that show the units power, ready, warning, and
alarm status. Be sure the installation location provides an unobstructed
view of the front panel LEDs.
The Main switch for powering on the base and expansion units is also
located on the front of the unit. Facing the front of the base unit, this switch
is located at the lower right area. Moving the switch to the right powers on
the base unit and any attached expansion units, while moving the switch to
the left powers off the units. Be sure the installation location provides easy
access to this switch.
Warning LED (orange)
Ready LED (green)
Alarm LED (red)
Power LED (green)
Main Switch OFF
Main Switch ON
Figure 3-1: Front View of Base Unit
Drives are accessed from the front of the base unit by removing the front
panel bezel. Therefore, the installation location should provide sufficient
room to remove the front bezel and install, remove, or replace drives. For
convenience, the base unit provides tool-free access to the drives,
simplifying maintenance and repair while maximizing valuable IT resource
time.
Disk Drives
Panel
Assembly
Battery Backup Unit
Figure 3-2: Front View (Front Bezel Removed)
32

Rear View
The rear view of the base unit provides external interfaces and two power
receptacles. The installation location must provide easy access to these
interfaces and receptacles.
The rear view of the AMS 2100 and AMS 2300 base units is nearly identical,
differing only by the number of fibre channel interfaces:
The Hitachi AMS 2100 base unit has 4 fibre channel ports (2 per
controller).
The Hitachi AMS 2300 base unit has 8 fibre channel ports (4 per
controller).
The rear panel of the base unit also provides management and maintenance
ports:
The management port is an RJ-45 Ethernet LAN connector that is used

to configure the controller using Hitachi Storage Navigator Modular 2
configuration software. Configuration can be performed using either a
computer with an installed NIC card that is directly connected to the
management port (see Figure 3-5 on page 3-4) or by connecting the
management port to your Local Area Network (LAN).
The maintenance port is an RJ-45 Ethernet LAN connector that is used

for troubleshooting purposes.
Each controller also provides interfaces for connecting a battery,

uninterruptible power supply (UPS), and remote adapter.
The rear panel also has a number of LEDs that show the status of the base
unit and its fibre channel ports.
Fibre Channel Ports
Management Port
Battery Port
Maintenance Port
UPS Port
Controller 1
Power
Receptacle
Power
Receptacle
Controller 0
Maintenance Port
Management Port
UPS Port
Battery Port
Fibre Channel Ports
Figure 3-3: Rear View of the Hitachi AMS 2100 Base Unit

33
Fibre Channel Ports
Management Port
Battery Port
Maintenance Port
UPS Port
Controller 1
Power
Receptacle
Power
Receptacle
Controller 0
Maintenance Port
Management Port
UPS Port
Battery Port
Fibre Channel Ports
Figure 3-4: Rear View of the Hitachi AMS 2300 Base Unit
Figure 3-5: Example of Connecting a Notebook Computer to the

Management Port
34

Expansion Units
An expansion unit provides additional storage capabilities for the base units.
An expansion unit can hold up to 15 SATA or SAS drives. SATA and SAS
drives can be mixed within the same enclosure, so long as the guidelines
under Product Description on page 1-2 are followed.
Front View
Drives are installed, removed, and replaced tool-free from the front of the
expansion unit. Therefore, the installation location should provide sufficient
room to access the drives.
The front panel of the expansion unit provides power and locate LEDs that
show the status of the unit and identify each drive in the unit. The
installation location should provide an unobstructed view of these LEDs.
In addition, each drive slot on the expansion unit has alarm and ready LEDs
that show the status of the drive. These LEDs are visible when the front
bezel is removed.
Locate LED (orange)
Power LED (green)
Figure 3-6: Front View of the Expansion Unit
Alarm LED (red)
Ready LED (green)
Figure 3-7: Front View of the Expansion Unit (Front Bezel Removed)

35
Rear View
The rear of the expansion unit provides the connectors used to daisy chain
expansion units in the system. It also provides LEDs that show the status
of the expansion unit and the power receptacles that provide power to the
expansion unit.
Daisy-chain
Connectors
LEDs
Power
Receptacle
Power
Receptacle
LEDs
Figure 3-8: Rear View of the Expansion Unit
36

4
Mounting an Array in the Hitachi
Global 19-Inch Rack
Hitachi AMS 2100/2300 storage systems are designed to be rack mounted
either in the Hitachi Global 19-inch rack or an equivalent rack. This chapter
provides guidelines to observe when installing the units into a Hitachi Global
19-inch rack. The key topics in this chapter include:
Overview
Rack Dimensions
Clearances
Height
Ventilation
Power
Rail Installation
Specifications
For additional rack-mount considerations, see Rack-Mount Safety
Considerations on page 2-6.
Mounting an Array in the Hitachi Global 19-Inch Rack

41
Overview
The Hitachi Data Systems 19-inch Global rack is a full solution containing all
components required for a full installation of the Hitachi Data Systems
storage system. This chapter provides information about the rack
associated with site preparation. For a complete description of the rack,
please refer to the Hitachi Data Systems Global 19-inch Rack Reference
Guide (MK-93DF665).
NOTE: Hitachi Data Systems also offers a third-party Universal Rail Kit 19inch rack (item code 7846406) for rack mounting devices in third-party
racks. Depth is adjustable to facilitate rack mounting. All hardware is
included. For more information, please contact your Hitachi Data Systems
representative.
Rack Dimensions
The Hitachi Data Systems 19-inch Global rack measures 80 inches high
(199.0 mm) by 604.8 inches (24.2 mm) wide by 896.33 inches (35.9 mm)
deep.
Front View
Top View
Figure 4-1: Front and Top Views of the Rack

(measurements in millimeters)
42

Clearances
Figure 4-2 shows the installation and maintenance clearance areas for the
rack.
Figure 4-2: Rack Clearance (measurements in millimeters)
Height
Rack-mount server cases are specified in U's, which is short for units and
refers to a standard for measuring the height of a device when installed into
a rack. A 1U server, for example, is very thin, measuring only 1.75" high,
while 2U is 3.5", exactly double the height of 1U.
The Hitachi AMS 2100/2300 base unit comes in a 4U rack-mount enclosure,
which is 4 times the height of 1U. The expansion unit comes in a 3U rackmount enclosure, which is 3 times the height of 1U. Please be sure the rack
has sufficient space to accommodate the base and expansion units.
NOTE: The Hitachi Global 19-inch rack has a maximum mountable space
of 42U. 2U is reserved at the base of the rack for possible battery units. The
base and expansion units are mounted starting from that point in the rack.
Ventilation
Make sure that the air vents on the rack are free of obstruction and are
inspected periodically. To prevent electric shock or fire, do not place metallic
material such as paper clips or any combustible material such as paper into
or near the air vents.

43
The airflow for the base and expansion units are from front to back. The rack
has no door in the front, but has a ventilated door in the back that allows
the system to draw air through the front and exhaust air through the back.
Do not block the front of mounted components or the rear-ventilated door.
Power
The Hitachi Global 19-inch rack is wired for 200-240V with four power
distribution units (PDUs).
The PDU is rated for 200-240VAC, 50/60 Hz, 30 amps, derated to 24

amps.
Four 30-amp PDUs come pre-installed in the rack.
When connecting devices to the PDUs, do not exceed 12 amps per bank of
four receptacles, and do not exceed 24 amps per PDU. Follow the guidelines
for PDU load as specified in the appropriate Hitachi Data Systems
installation documentation.
To support redundancy, always connect PDUs on the left side of the rack to
one power source and PDUs on the right side of the rack to a different power
source on another circuit. Connect dual-power supply components with one
power cable to a PDU on the left side, and the other power cable to a PDU
on the right side.
If installing third-party components in the rack, identify the component's
amperage load and check the current amperage load on the PDUs to
determine if the component can be plugged into a PDU.
WARNING! To reduce the risk of injury, fire, or damage to persons or

equipment, do not exceed the maximum usable amperage per PDU. Consult
the electrical authority having jurisdiction over your facility's wiring and
installation requirements. When planning for power distribution and
requirements for your rack configuration, note the following:
Balance the amperage load between available PDUs.

The amperage load on each PDU must not exceed 80% of the PDU current rating
(i.e., the maximum amperage is 80% of the 30 amp PDUs, allowing for a maximum
of 24 usable amps per PDU).
If an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) is used, the load should not exceed 80% of
the UPS's marked electrical current rating.
NOTE: The power supply for the Hitachi AMS 2100/2300 units provides
auto-switching between 110V and 230V.
44

ELECTRIC SHOCK HAZARD! The rack has multiple power cords. To

avoid electric shock, make sure that you disconnect all of them before
servicing. There are high-voltage parts in rack-mounted equipment that
should not be touched during maintenance. For safety reasons, another
person should be on alert in case the power feed to the equipment needs to
be quickly turned off. After the power feed to the equipment is shut off,
electricity remains in the equipment for a period of time. Do not touch any
components other than those indicated in this manual.
Rail Installation
Figure 4-3 shows an exploded view of the rack. Table 4-1 on page 4-6
identifies the numbered components in the figure.
Figure 4-3: Exploded View of the Rack

45
Table 4-1: Components of the 19-Inch Rack

Item
Quantity
Description
1.
Frame, SPC TY06195009
2.
PS Roof, Solid w/Cable Access
3.
Caster, RH Rigid, w/Leveling Foot Block
4.
Caster, LH Rigid, w/Leveling Foot Block
5.
Caster, Swivel, Clear Chromate
6.
Leveling Foot DS-MHEX
7.
EIA Rail, 42U RH
8.
EIA Rail, 42U LH
9.
Bezel, Type 061950
10.
13
3U Blanking Panel
11.
Lock Catch, F. Lock 32370
12.
Grommet Cap - Closed
13.
HDS Logo Badge
14.
IU Blanking Panel
15.
42U EIA Rail, RH
16.
42U EIA Rail, LH
17.
14
Support Rail, LH
18.
14
Support Rail, RH
19.
Guide Ring Clip
20.
Cable Guide Rings, Metal
21.
Door Hinge Assembly, LH
22.
PDU_8 Inlet_30 Amp/ W/LG-30 Plug, LH
23.
58
IO-32 X 5/8 PH. Truss HD, Black Finish
24.
28
IO-32 X 1/4 PH. Truss HD, TRS-Z
25.
M4 x 10 Phil Flat HD Mach Scr
26.
900 Deep Sidewall
27.
PS Door, LH. Type 061850
28.
Ground Wire, ICAWG, Blk, 11Omm Lg
29.
Ground Wire, F. Doors, 200MM L
30.
Amp Faston Tab Terminal
31.
M12X20 Torxx Truss HD.
32.
PDU.8 Inlet-30 Amp, w/L6-30 Plug, RH
33.
Stabilizer Kit
34.
3U Vented Blanking Panel
35.
32
Jumper Cable, IEC, 15A, 27' Lg
NOTE: Components cannot be ordered separately.
46

Specifications
Table 4-2: Hitachi Global 19-inch Rack Specifications
Item
Specification
Item
Specification
Dimensions
(HxWxD)
(in): 79 x 24 x 36
(mm): 2006 x 609.6 x 900
Frame
Welded steel
Usable Volume
(HxWxD)
(in): 73.4 x 19.2 x 31.5

(mm): 1866 x 488 x 802
Roof
Solid with 4 cable entry

holes
Weight (approx) 300 lbs / 136 kg
Rear Door
Perforated, with lock, ability

to optionally mount fans
Static Weight
Capacity
2000 lbs / 907 kg
Side Panels
Solid, with locks
Power
200-240 VAC
(4) 30 amp power strips
Mounting
Four 19" vertical rails, with

U markings
Power Strip
Rated: 200 - 240 VAC, 50/60

Hz
Circuit breakers (power on/off
switch): 2
Outlets/Receptacles: 8 (IEC
C13 outlets)
Casters
Power Cord: Rated 30A, 200240V

APIA Plug: EIC 309
EMEA Plug: IEC 309
US Plug: L6-30P
Leveling Feet
30A total
24A usable/derated
12A usable/derated, per 4
outlets
10A max. capability per outlet
Cable
Management
Cable ring guides in the rear
Power Cords
2 fixed in the front

2 swivel casters in the
rear
Each caster rated at
249 kg (550 lbs) each
Amperage
Indicator
Green lights (2), when circuit

breakers are ON
Grounding
Black ground straps (door/

sides/roof)
Power Cord
Blanking Panels
Rated 30A, 200-240V

APIA Plug: IEC 309
EMEA Plug: IEC 309
US Plug: L6-30P
13 3U solid + One 3U
vented
3 1U solid
Retainer Clip
8, one per outlet (prevents power

cords from being disconnected
accidentally)
Support Rails
14 pairs installed
Temperature
Operating: 0 to 50 C (32 to
122F)
Storage:-25 to 65 C (-13 to
149F)
Stabilizer
Front and side L-shaped

stabilizer plates included
Humidity
0 to 95%, non-condensing
Manual
Included
Color
Black
Safety Approvals
(rack with power
strips)
UL60950
cUL1950
CE
Options
Fan tray (installable in

rear door)
Shelf
Pull-out Shelf
Pull-out support rails
Mounting Height 42U

in EIA Units

47
48

5
Preparing the Site
Before you install the Hitachi AMS 2100/2300 storage system, it
is important to plan the site where the units will reside. This
usually involves more than just shuffling equipment. The units
must fit through doors and have a spot in the data center that
provides adequate power and network connectivity. If units are
added to an existing storage setup, the additional units may
require more cooling in the data center.
Therefore, it is vital to prepare a location for the units and
implement any facilities changes needed to accommodate the
units in advance. Changes may involve reinforcing the elevated
floor where the units will be located, updating electrical service
(for example, more plugs or higher amperage), or adding
ventilation for supplemental cooling (if necessary).
This chapter provides site-preparation guidelines to ensure that
you are fully prepared for a successful installation. The topics in
this chapter include:
Facilities Considerations
User-Supplied Materials
Rack-Mount Considerations
Server Considerations
Storage Features
Preparing the Site

51
Facilities Considerations
Selecting a Site
The following precautions will help you plan an acceptable operating
environment for the base and expansion units and will help you avoid
environmentally caused equipment failures.
Select a flat location that is clean, with no dust or exposure to direct

sunlight or vibrations. Avoid inclined floors.
The location should not be prone to variations in temperature and

humidity.
Do not store or install the equipment in a high temperature

environment of 40 degrees centigrade or more, because battery life will
be shortened.
The location should not be near strong magnetic fields or close to a

device that generates electric noise.
Electrical equipment generates heat. Ambient air temperature might

not be adequate to cool equipment to acceptable operating
temperatures without adequate circulation. Ensure that the room in
which the units operate has adequate air circulation.
Always follow the ESD-prevention procedures described in Electrostatic

Safety on page 2-5 to avoid damage to equipment. Damage from static
discharge can cause immediate or intermittent equipment failure.
Ensure that the enclosure cover is secure. The enclosure is designed to

allow cooling air to flow effectively within it. An open chassis allows air
leaks, which may interrupt and redirect the flow of cooling air from
internal components.
NOTE: For environmental specifications, see Appendix A, Specifications.
52
Preparing the Site

Floor Load Ratings

The floor space at the installation site must be strong enough to support the
combined weight of the base unit and expansion units, the rack in which
they are installed, and all associated equipment. To ensure adequate loadbearing capacity, plan for the maximum configuration.
A maximum configuration consists of one base unit and up to 7 expansion
units (AMS 2100) or 13 expansion units (AMS 2300).
A fully populated base unit weighs 112.2 pounds (51 kg).
A fully populated expansion unit weighs 88.1 pounds (40 kg).
The weights shown above do not include the rack itself, so please add the
weight of the rack to the values shown above. If the Hitachi Global 19-inch
rack is used, add 300 pounds (136 kg) for the weight of an unpopulated rack
(static weight capacity is 2,000 pounds [907 kg].) For a complete list of
specifications, see Table 4-2 on page 4-7. If you are using a different rack,
please refer to the documentation for that rack.
Space Requirements
The installation site also requires sufficient space for installation, operation,
and servicing the units and sufficient ventilation to provide a free flow of air
to the units. To prevent overheating, the base and expansion units have
ventilation holes on the front and back of the enclosure. Leave at least 2
inches (5 cm) of open space at the front and rear of the units. There should
also be enough space in front of the units to view the front panel LEDs and
access drives, and enough space at the rear of the units to access the
interface connectors and view the rear panel LEDs. For more information,
see Table 4-2 on page 4-7.
Power Considerations
Hitachi AMS 2100/2300 storage systems have an input power rating of
125V200V operation. The units come with a set of electrical power cables.
A label near the power cord indicates the correct voltage, frequency, current
draw, and power dissipation that should be used with the cable. Please be
sure to use the appropriate power cable for your location. Also, check the
power at your site to ensure that you are receiving clean power (free of
spikes and noise). Install a power conditioner if necessary.
NOTE: For rack power considerations, see Chapter 4, Mounting an Array

in the Hitachi Global 19-Inch Rack.
Preparing the Site

53
Power Supplies
Hitachi AMS 2100/2300 base units include two identical power supplies that
run in parallel. In the unlikely event that one power supply fails, the other
power supply automatically provides sufficient power to operate the unit.
Base units are designed to allow a failed power supply to be replaced (hot
swapped) while the system is running.
NOTE: If a power failure occurs while data is being written, the length of
time that unwritten data is stored in the units nonvolatile cache depends
on factors such as the model of the unit, amount of cache, and number of
internal and external batteries installed (see Table 5-1).
Table 5-1: Battery Backup Times

Number of
Internal
Batteries
Internal
Battery
Backup Time
Number of
External
Batteries
4 GB
1 default,
2 optional
24 hours,
48 hours
8 GB
1 default,
2 optional
16 GB
2 default,
4 optional
Cache per
Unit
Total Backup Time with

Internal and External
Batteries Installed
One Battery
Two Batteries
1 or 2
208 hours
368 hours
15 hours,
30 hours
1 or 2
120 hours
210 hours
18 hours,
36 hours
1 or 2
90 hours
144 hours
Electrical Requirements
Base units use wide-ranging redundant power supplies that automatically
accommodate voltages to the AC power source. The power supplies operate
within the range of 100-125 VAC or 200-240 VAC. The power supplies meet
standard voltage requirements for both domestic (inside USA) and
international (outside USA) operation. When connecting to an AC source, be
sure the current does not exceed the rating of the power source circuitry.
This includes cabling, power distribution units, filters, and any other
components through which the main AC flows.
These requirements must be added to the power demands of any other
electrical devices installed in the equipment rack to arrive at a total power
consumption figure. In addition, surge currents must be accommodated.
Disk drives normally consume twice the amount of current at startup as
they do during steady-state operation.
If you purchase the base unit and expansion units pre-installed in the
Hitachi Global 19-inch rack, the rack will require four 30 amp, 208 Volt
circuits, source power, which use the L630P plug and require L630
connectors.
For more information about electrical requirements, see Electrical
Requirements on page A-3.
54
Preparing the Site

Environmental Requirements
For information about the environmental conditions that are prerequisite to
installing the Hitachi AMS 2100/2300 storage system, see Environmental
Specifications on page A-2.
Service Clearance
The installation area and service clearance in Figure 5-1 on page 5-6 are
required to install Hitachi AMS 2100/2300 storage system. Be sure to install
the units in a location that conforms to the requirements in the figure to
ensure that the units can be accessed and receives the proper ventilation.
All dimensions in the following figure are stated in mm.
Preparing the Site

55
Figure 5-1: Service Clearance Areas
56
Preparing the Site

User-Supplied Materials
To install Hitachi AMS 2100/2300 storage system, please have the following
user-supplied items available:
A fibre channel multi-mode cable for each fibre channel port that will
connect to the users storage network.
Fibre channel host bus adapters compatible with Hitachi AMS 2100/
2300 units. For information about compatible products, please refer to
the interoperability information at www.hds.com/products/
interoperability.
One or more fibre channel switches if the base unit will be used in a
fabric topology.
A computer with a NIC and a straight-through LAN cable if the base unit
is to be initially configured using a computer that is directly connected
to the units management port. (If connecting through a hub or switch,
use a crossover cable.)
One or more servers (see Server Considerations on page 5-9).
An available IP address on your subnet for each management port on

the base unit.
NOTE: When you assign an IP address to a base unit to manage it out-ofband, for security reasons, make sure the IP address is on a private
network rather than a publicly routable network.
A Hitachi Global 19-inch rack or equivalent rack.
Rack-Mount Considerations
Base and expansion units are designed to be rack mounted either in the
Hitachi Global 19-inch rack or an equivalent rack. The location of the units,
along with the layout of your equipment rack or wiring room, are extremely
important for proper system operation. Equipment placed too close
together, inadequate ventilation, and inaccessible panels can cause system
malfunctions and shutdowns, and can make system maintenance difficult.
Preparing the Site

57
Figure 5-2: Example of a Hitachi AMS 2100/2300 Systems in a Rack

The following information will help you plan an acceptable equipment rack
configuration.
To maintain a low center of gravity and reduce the likelihood of

instability, the base and expansion units should be installed from the
bottom of the rack upwards. This is recommended to ensure personal
safety.
NOTE: In the Hitachi Global 19-inch rack, 2U is reserved at the base of the
rack for possible battery units. This leaves 40U of mountable space in the
rack. Hitachi AMS 2100/2300 units are mounted starting from that point in
the rack.
58
To ensure that the internal heat build up is adequately dissipated into

the room environment, air flow should not be restricted. It is essential
Preparing the Site

that no vents are blocked, and that the base and expansion units are
away from a solid surface such as a wall or partition. Air flow through
the units is from front to rear.
Enclosed racks must have adequate ventilation. Ensure that the rack is
not overly congested, because each unit generates heat. An enclosed
rack should have louvered sides and a fan to provide cooling air.
In an enclosed rack with a ventilation fan in the top, excessive heat

generated by equipment near the bottom of the rack can be drawn
upward and into the intake ports of the equipment above it in the rack.
Ensure that you provide adequate ventilation for equipment at the
bottom of the rack.
Baffles can help to isolate exhaust air from intake air, which also helps
to draw cooling air through the chassis. The best placement of the
baffles depends on the airflow patterns in the rack, which can be found
by experimenting with different arrangements.
Consideration should be given to the floor ratings of the site where the
rack and units will be installed. An unpopulated Hitachi Global 19-inch
rack weighs 300 lbs (136 kg). For information about the weight of the
base and expansion units, see Floor Load Ratings on page 5-3.
For additional rack-mount considerations, see Chapter 4, Mounting an Array

in the Hitachi Global 19-Inch Rack.
Server Considerations
Hitachi AMS 2100/2300 storage systems are compatible with a variety of
servers and operating systems. For the latest information, please refer to
the interoperability information at www.hds.com/products/interoperability.
Please have all the necessary server items available (such as cables and
fibre channel host bus adapters) prepared before you perform the
installation.
Storage Features
Hitachi AMS 2100/2300 storage systems may come with pre-installed
storage features for simplifying tasks such as backup and recovery, LUN
management, and monitoring system performance. For the latest
information about storage features available for the Hitachi AMS 2100/2300
storage systems, please refer to the interoperability information at
www.hds.com/products/interoperability.
Preparing the Site

59
510
Preparing the Site

6
RAID Tutorial
Businesses require storage systems that exceed the
requirements that a single drive can fulfill, while insulating their
companies from hardware failures as much as possible. These
situations require the traditional one hard drive per system
model be replaced by the performance, redundancy, and fault
tolerance afforded by RAID.
This chapter provides an overview of RAID. By reading this
chapter, you will understand what RAID is and which RAID level
is best suited to your applications.
The key sections in this chapter are:
What is RAID?
Key RAID Benefits
Redundancy Methods
RAID Levels
RAID Tutorial
61
What is RAID?
A single drive cannot protect against the costs of a drive failure, the time
needed to obtain and install a replacement drive, reinstall the operating
system, restore files from backup tapes, and repeat all the data entry
performed since the last backup was made.
Redundant Array of Inexpensive drives (RAID) is a way of storing the same
data in different places on multiple hard drive for improved throughput,
performance, and fault tolerance. Originally, RAID was nearly exclusive to
high-end business applications, due to the high cost of the required
hardware. The ubiquity and reduced costs of storage solutions have allowed
RAID to migrate from top-tier enterprises to the mainstream.
The fundamental principle behind RAID is making multiple drives appear as
a single large, fast drive to the operating system. To achieve this, RAID uses
a technique called drive striping. Data striping distributes blocks of each
file across multiple drives. This improves aggregate I/O performance by
allowing multiple I/Os to be serviced in parallel.
In a RAID configuration, the stripes of all the drives in a storage system are
interleaved and addressed in order. There is a number of ways this can be
done (as described later in this chapter), depending on the needs of the
application; however, in every case, using multiple drives in a RAID
configuration allows the storage system to exceed the capacity, data
security, and performance of its individual drives.
Key RAID Benefits

The following sections describe key benefits afforded by RAID.
Data Security
Through the use of redundancy, most RAID levels provide protection for the
data stored on the system. This means that the data on the system can
withstand even the complete failure of one hard drive (or sometimes more)
without any data loss, and without requiring any data to be restored from
backup. All RAID levels provide some degree of data protection, depending
on the exact implementation, except RAID level 0, as described later in this
chapter.
Fault Tolerance
Fault tolerance refers to the ability of a RAID system to withstand the loss
of some of its hardware, without losing data or availability. RAID
implementations that include redundancy provide greater reliability than
can be achieved by a single drive. This means there is a lower chance of the
storage system failing due to drive failures.
62
RAID Tutorial
Improved Availability
Availability refers to the ability to access data. RAID systems improve
availability by providing fault tolerance and by providing features that allow
for recovery from hardware faults without disruption.
Increased, Integrated Capacity

By turning a number of small drives into a large drive, RAID adds their
capacity together, though a percentage of total capacity is lost to overhead
or redundancy in most implementations. This facilitates applications that
require large amounts of contiguous disk space, while simplifying disk space
management.
For example, suppose you need 1 TB of disk space for a large database.
Instead of buying an expensive 1 TB drive for this single application, you
could use four 250 GB drives, but then you'd have to find a way to split the
database among the four drives and have to remember what was where.
Alternatively, you can use the four 250 GB drives in a RAID configuration
that will appear to the operating system as a single, 1 TB drive. All RAID
implementations (or levels) provide this combining benefit, though the
ones that include redundancy make some space unavailable in order to
accommodate the redundant information.
Improved Performance
RAID systems improve performance by allowing the controller to take
advantage of the capabilities of multiple drives to get around performancelimiting mechanical issues that affect individual drives. Different RAID levels
improve performance in different ways and to different degrees, but all
improve it in some way.
Redundancy Methods
The method for providing redundancy in a RAID configuration is a key
differentiator between RAID levels. Redundancy is provided in most RAID
levels through the use of mirroring or parity (which is implemented with
striping).
Mirroring
Mirroring is one of the two data redundancy techniques used in RAID. In a
RAID system using mirroring, all data in the system writes simultaneously
to two drives instead of one (thus, the mirror concept). This 100% data
redundancy provides full protection against the failure of either drive that
contains the duplicated data. Because mirroring involves two drives,
mirroring configurations always require an even number of drives.
RAID Tutorial
63
Mirroring also provides reasonably fast recovery from a drive failure. Since
all the data is on the second drive, it is ready to use if the first drive fails.
Mirroring also improves some forms of read performance at the expense of
write performance.
Mirroring is used in RAID 1, as well as multiple-level RAID involving RAID
1, such as RAID 0+1.
Figure 6-1: Example of Mirroring
Parity
While mirroring has some advantages and is well-suited for certain RAID
implementations, it also has some limitations. For example:
Mirroring has a high overhead cost, because 50% of the drives in the
storage system are reserved for storing duplicate data.
Mirroring does not improve performance as much as data striping does

for many applications.
For these reasons, RAID provides an alternative way of protecting data

called parity. Parity uses parity information redundancy information
calculated from the actual data values.
The principle behind parity is simple:
1. Take n pieces of data and compute an extra piece of data.
2. Take the n+1 pieces of data and store them on n+1 drives.
If you lose any one of the n+1 pieces of data, they can be recreated from
the n that remain, regardless of which piece is lost.
Parity protection is used with striping, and the n pieces of data are
typically blocks or bytes distributed across the drives in the storage system.
The parity information can be stored on a separate dedicated drive or it can
be mixed with the data across all the drives in the storage system.
64
RAID Tutorial
Parity has the following advantages over mirroring:
Parity protects data against any single drive in the storage system
failing without requiring the 50% waste of mirroring, because only
one of the n+1 drives contains redundancy information. (The
overhead of parity is equal to [100/n]% where n is the total number of
drives in the RAID group.)
Striping with parity lets you take advantage of the performance

advantages of striping.
Parity has the following disadvantages compared to mirroring:
With parity, millions of parity bytes have to be computed, which

consumes computing resources.
While you can recover from a lost drive under parity, the missing data
all has to be rebuilt.
RAID levels from RAID 3 to RAID 7 use parity.
RAID Levels
The ability of a storage system to tolerate drive faults depends on the RAID
level implemented. There are different RAID levels because there are
various ways to configure drives and many different needs of RAID users.
Distinguishing between different levels may not be obvious at times
because some RAID levels may appear to be similar to others in various
ways. Moreover, the differences between levels may seem subtle, but the
small differences can have a significant impact on the characteristics of the
storage system and the applications that make sense for it
The Hitachi AMS 2100/2300 storage systems support RAID 0, RAID 0+1,
RAID 5, and RAID 6.
RAID 0: Data is distributed across multiple drives, providing performance,
but no fault-tolerance. See RAID 0 on page 6-6.
RAID 0+1: Creates two RAID 0 stripes, with a RAID 1 mirror created over
them, for replicating and sharing data among drives. See RAID 0+1 on page
6-7.
RAID 5: Stripes data across multiple drives with rotating parity, providing
a balance of good read performance and reduced cost (because not as many
drives are required for mirroring). See RAID 5 on page 6-8.
RAID 6: Stripes multiple drives together with at least two parity drives for
high fault and drive-failure tolerance. See RAID 6 on page 6-9.
RAID Tutorial
65
RAID 0
RAID 0 stripes data across the drives in a storage system to attain higher
throughput, and requires at least two drives. Since no redundant
information is stored, performance is very good, but the failure of any drive
in the storage system results in complete data loss.
Table 6-1 describes the characteristics/advantages and disadvantages of
RAID 0.
Table 6-1: RAID 0 Advantages and Disadvantages

Characteristics and Advantages
Disadvantages
Implemented as a mirrored array whose

segments are RAID 0 arrays.
Not not fault-tolerant.
Has the same fault tolerance as RAID level

5.
The failure of just one drive (which

becomes increasingly likely the more
drives an array has) results in all data in
an array being lost.
Has the same overhead for fault-tolerance

as mirroring alone.
If even one sector on a drive fails, the

corresponding sector on every other
drives is rendered useless because part of
the data is now corrupted.
Delivers high I/O rates due to multiple

stripe segments.
Does not implement error checking, so

any error is unrecoverable.
Suitable applications
Video production and editing
Image editing (e.g. Photoshop temporary files)
Pre-press applications
Any application that requires high-speed storage, but does not need
redundancy
Bottom Line: More drives in a RAID 0 array can mean higher bandwidth,
but offer greater risk of data loss. RAID 0 should never be used for missioncritical environments.
Figure 6-2: Example of RAID 0 Configuration
66
RAID Tutorial
RAID 0+1
RAID 0+1 combines RAID levels 0 and 1. It uses several drives to stripe
data for increased performance and then copies the striped drives to
provide redundancy. Any drive can fail and no data is lost as long as the
mirror of that drive is still operational. The mirrored drives eliminate the
overhead and delay of parity.
RAID 0+1 offers high data transfer advantages of striped arrays and
increased data accessibility (reads). System performance during a drive
rebuild is better than that of parity-based arrays, since data is copied from
the other mirrored drive and does not need to be regenerated from parity
information. RAID 0+1 should not be confused with RAID 10.
RAID 0+1.
Table 6-2: RAID 0+1 Advantages and Disadvantages

Disadvantages
Implemented as a mirrored array whose

segments are RAID 0 arrays.
A single drive failure causes the entire

array to become a RAID 0 array.
Has the same fault tolerance as RAID 5

plus multiple-drive failure protection.
High overhead
RAID 0+1 has the same overhead for

fault-tolerance as mirroring alone.
All drives must move in parallel, lowering

sustained performance.
Delivers high I/O rates due to multiple

stripe segments.
Limited scalability
Write-intensive applications that require redundancy with fast random

writes (e.g., imaging applications)
Entry-level systems where only two drives are available (e.g., small file
servers)
Bottom Line: RAID 0+1 is suited for sites that need high performance, but
are not concerned with achieving maximum reliability.
Figure 6-3: Example of RAID 0 + 1 Configuration
RAID Tutorial
67
RAID 5
RAID 5 stripes data at a block level across several drives and distributes
parity among the drives. Because parity is distributed on each drive, small
writes can be faster in multiprocessing systems, while read performance
tends to be lower than other RAID types.
With RAID 5, the actual amount of available storage is about 75% to 80%
of the total storage in the array. The storage penalty for redundancy is only
about 20% of the total storage in the array. If one drive fails, it is possible
to rebuild the complete data set so that no data is lost. If more than one
drive fails, however, all the stored data will be lost. This give a fairly low cost
per megabyte, while still retaining redundancy.
RAID 5.

Disadvantages
Delivers high read data transaction rates

and medium write data transmission
rates.
Difficult to rebuild in the event of a drive

failure, compared to RAID 1.
Drive failure requires the drive to be

replaced, but does not destroy the array.
Can suffer data loss if a second drive fails.
Low ratio of ECC (parity) drives to data

drives results in high efficiency.
Remains vulnerable until data on the

failed drive is rebuilt onto a replacement
drive.
Good aggregate transfer rate.
Individual block data transfer rate same

as single drive.
Applications that use large sequential reads (e.g., database mining)
Large databases and file servers, where reads occur more often than
writes
Web, e-mail, news, and Intranet servers, where a high degree of fault
tolerance is required without the expense (incurred by the additional
disk space required) of a mirrored volume
Bottom Line: Provides a compromise between performance and

availability at the expense of writes due to parity updates. Best for multiuser systems in which performance is not critical or which perform few write
operations.
68
RAID Tutorial
RAID 6
RAID Level 6 requires a minimum of four drives. Two independent drives are
used as parity drives, with data written to the remaining drives in the array.
The parity data enables data to be restored even if two drives fail at the
same time.
RAID 6.

Disadvantages
An extension of RAID 5, which allows for

additional fault tolerance by using a
second independent distributed parity
scheme (dual parity)
Controller overhead to compute parity

addresses can be high.
Provides for an extremely high data fault

tolerance and can sustain multiple
simultaneous drive failures.
Dual-parity scheme requires n+2 drives to

implement.
Data is striped on a block level across a set

of drives (like RAID 5), and a second set
of parity is calculated and written across
all the drives.
Protects against multiple bad block
failures while non-degraded.
Protects against a single bad block failure
while operating in a degraded mode.
Same as RAID 5, but in situations where additional fault tolerance is

required (e.g., application, database, and file servers)
Applications that store large amounts of data and where rebuilds can
occur in the background (e.g., Web, e-mail, news, and Intranet
servers)
RAID Tutorial
69
Bottom Line: RAID 6 delivers excellent fault-tolerance with the lowest

overhead, making it ideal for mission-critical applications.
610
RAID Tutorial
A
Specifications
This appendix describes the physical, environmental, and electrical
requirements for Hitachi AMS 2100/2300 storage systems. The key sections
in this appendix are:
Dimensions and Weight

Regulatory Compliance
Safety Certification
Specifications
A1
Dimensions and Weight

The floor space at the installation site must be strong enough to support the
combined weight of the base and expansion units, rack, and associated
equipment. The total weight of base and expansion units depends on the
number of drives installed.
Table A-1 describes the physical dimensions and weight for Hitachi AMS
2100/2300 base and expansion units.
Table A-1: Unit Dimensions and Weight

Height
Width
Weight
(Fully Populated)
Depth
Hitachi AMS 2100 Base Unit

0.57 feet
(174 mm)
1.58 feet
(483 mm)
2.2 feet
(649 mm)
112.2 pounds
(51 kg)
Hitachi AMS 2300 Base Unit

0.42 feet
(129 mm)
1.58 feet
(483 mm)
2.2 feet
(649 mm)
112.2 pounds
(51 kg)
Hitachi AMS Expansion Unit

1.77 feet
(540 mm)
0.31 feet
(96 mm)
2.39 feet
(730 mm)
88.1 pounds
(40 kg)
Table A-2 describes the environmental specifications for Hitachi AMS 2100/
2300 storage system.
Table A-2: Environmental Specifications

Specification
Temperature
Relative humidity
Altitude
Range (Non-operating
Environment)
50 to 104
(10 to 40C)
50 to 122
(10 to 50C)
8% to 80%, non-condensing 8% to 90%, non-condensing

984.25 to 9,842.5 feet
(-300 to 3,000 mm)
984.25 to 39,370 feet

(-300 to 12,000 mm)
Vibration
2.5 ms
5.0 ms
Acoustic noise
60 dB
65 dB
Complies with FCC Class A
Complies with FCC Class A
Radio frequency
A2
Range (Operating
Environment)
Specifications
Table A-3 describes the electrical requirements for Hitachi AMS 2100/2300
storage system.
Table A-3: Electrical Requirements

Specification
AC power
Specification
100/200 VAC (100 to 120/200 to 240)
NOTE: Electrical requirements for the Hitachi Global 19-inch rack can be
found in Table 4-2 on page 4-7.
Regulatory Compliance
Table A-4 provides the compliance information for Hitachi AMS 2100/2300
storage system.
Table A-4: Regulatory Compliance

Country
Specification
United States
FCC Part15 Subpart B Class A
Canada
ICES-003 Class A
Japan
VCCI Class A
Japan
JIS C61000-3-2
Australia
AS/NZS 3548:1995,A1,A2
European Union
EN
EN
EN
EN
EN
EN
EN
EN
EN
EN
EN
Taiwan
CNS 13438 Class A
Korea
KN22
KN6100-4
50022:1998/A1:2000/A2:2003
61000-3-2:2000/A1:2001/A2:2005
61000-3-3:1995/A1:2001
55024:1998/A1:2001/A2:2003
61000-4-2:1995/A1:1998/A2:2001
61000-4-3:2002/A2:2002
61000-4-4:1995/A1:2001/A2:2003
61000-4-5:1995A1:2001
61000-4-6:1996/A1:2001
61000-4-8:1993/A1:2001
61000-4-11:1994/A1:2001
Specifications
A3
Safety Certification
Table A-5 provides the safety certification for Hitachi AMS 2100/2300
storage system.
Table A-5: Regulatory Compliance

Country
A4
Specification
United States and European Union
UL 60950-1
Canada
CAN/CSA-C22.2
European Union
EN 60950-1
Russia
GOST
GOST
GOST
GOST
GOST
Argentina
IEC 60950-1
R60950-2002
R51318.22-99
R51318.24-99
R51317.3.2-99
R51317.3.3-99
Specifications
B
Complete the checklist below (online or hardcopy) to verify that all
installation requirements for the Hitachi AMS 2100/2300 storage system
have been met. Successful completion of this checklist (Yes is checked for
all entries) will ensure smooth and efficient installation of the units.
Definition of terms:
Data center: The room at the customer site in which the units will be
installed.
Equipment: The hardware delivered to the customer site.
Location: The specific location in the data center (area or footprint on

the floor) where the units will be installed

B1
Customer Information
Date:
Company:
Address:
Contact:
Phone:
Mobile:
Email:
Contact:
Phone:
Mobile:
Email:
Hitachi Data Systems Information

Contact:
Phone:
Mobile:
Email:
Contact:
Phone:
Mobile:
Email:
Notes
B2

Installation and Planning Checklist
Yes
No
Safety
Is the data center equipped to protect equipment from fire?
Is the data center free of hazards (for example, cables that obstruct access)?
Delivery
Is the receiving area adequate for equipment delivery and unloading?
Does the equipment fit through doors, halls, elevators, and stairs?
Do the floors, elevators, stairs, and ramps support the weight of the equipment?
Storage
If the equipment will be stored after delivery and prior to installation, does the
storage location meet the environmental requirements for the Hitachi AMS 2100/
2300 storage system?
Facilities
Is the data center fully operational (for example, power, air conditioning, cabling, fire
protection system)?
Does the data center have a tiled raised floor?
Does the data center provide adequate protection from ESD?
Does the data center provide adequate protection from electrical/radio frequency
interference?
Does the data center provide adequate protection from dust, pollution, and
particulate contamination?
Does the data center provide adequate acoustic insulation for operation of the
Hitachi AMS 2100/2300 storage system?
Is the customer-supplied hardware (for example, connectors, receptacles, cables)
ready for the installation?
Physical
Does the location meet the requirements for service clearance and cable routing
(for example, floor cutouts)?
Does the location meet the requirements for floor load rating?
Power
Does the data center meet the AC input power requirements?
Does the data center meet the circuit breaker and plug requirements?
Does the data center meet the requirements for connection to the Hitachi AMS 2100/
2300 storage system?
Environmental
Does the data center meet the requirements for temperature?
Does the data center meet the requirements for humidity?
Does the data center meet the requirements for altitude?
Does the data center meet the requirements for air flow?
Does the data center meet the requirements for vibration and shock?
Operational
Does the data center provide a LAN (or phone line)?
Does the data center provide a LAN for Storage Navigator?
Does the location meet the cable length requirements for the front end directors?

B3
Installation and Planning Checklist

Does the location meet the requirements for attaching external storage to the
Hitachi AMS 2100/2300 storage system?
B4

Yes
No
1
Customer Service and Support

United States
800-446-0744
Outside the United States
+1 858 547 4526
MK-98DF8149EN-02

AMS 2000 Site Preparation Guide

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Hitachi AMS 2100/2300

Site Preparation Guide

Copyright 2008 Hitachi Ltd., Hitachi Data

Hitachi AMS 2100/2300 Hardware Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

RAID Tutorial. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1

Preparing the Site . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1

Mounting an Array in the Hitachi Global 19-Inch Rack . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1

Installation Planning Checklist. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1

Document Revision Level

Changes in this Revision

Notice: The use of the Hitachi AMS 2100/2300 storage system

Document Revision Level

Revision 1, supersedes and replaces MK98DF8149EN-00

Revision 2, supersedes and replaces MK98DF8149EN-01

Changes in this Revision

Provides an overview of the Hitachi AMS 2100/2300 storage

Provides important safety to follow before and during the

Chapter 3, Hitachi AMS

Describes the key hardware components on the Hitachi AMS

Provides information about the Hitachi Global 19-inch rack,

Chapter 5, Preparing the

Describes how to prepare the site for installing Hitachi AMS

Chapter 6, RAID Tutorial Provides an overview of RAID technology.

Lists the key specifications for Hitachi AMS 2100/2300 units.

Provides a checklist for verifying that all installation

Safety and Warnings

Tips provide helpful information, guidelines, or suggestions for

Notes emphasize or supplement important points of the main

Cautions indicate that failure to take a specified action could

Warnings indicate that failure to take a specified action could

Danger warns users of possible injury or death if instructions

This symbol warns users of electric shock hazard. Failure to

The ESD symbol warns users that the equipment is sensitive

Indicates text on a window, other than the window title, including

Indicates a variable, which is a placeholder for actual text provided

Indicates text that is displayed on screen or entered by the user.

< > angled

Indicates a variable, which is a placeholder for actual text provided

Indicates optional values. Example: [ a | b ] indicates that you can

Indicates required or expected values. Example: { a | b } indicates

Indicates that you have a choice between two or more options or

Indicates the default value. Example: [ a | b ]

Convention for Storage Capacity Values

For further information on Hitachi Data Systems products and services,

Support Contact Information

System configuration, including names of optional features installed,

Operating system name and revision or service pack number

The exact content of any error message(s) displayed on the host

The circumstances surrounding the error or failure

Confirmation that the HDS Hi-Track remote monitoring feature has

HDS Support Web Site

Home Page: http://support.hds.com

Installation Guides describe how to install Hitachi AMS 2100/2300

User Guides describe how to use software applications from Hitachi

Host Installation Guides describe how to prepare the Hitachi AMS

Release Notes contain requirements, restrictions, and updates about

Technical Writing, M/S 35-10

The base unit contains two controllers, two hot-swappable power

An expansion unit contains up to 15 additional drives.

The base and expansion units support a combination of Serial Advanced

Hitachi AMS 2100/2300 storage systems also deliver more cost-effective

Additional key benefits include:

Pay-as-you-grow scalability by hot-adding 15-drive expansion units

Switched point-to-point architecture eliminates bottlenecks when